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选择性必修第一册Unit1PeopleofAchievement高考题型组合练Ⅰ.阅读理解ABanffNationalParkishometoanamazingwildlifepopulation.ButthebusyTrans-CanadaHighwaythat

cutsthroughtheparkisahazardtothelovelyanimals.Toaddresstheproblem，Banfffirstputupwildlifefencingoneithersideofthehighwaytodiscourageanimalsfro

menteringthebusyroad.Then，since1996，sixwildlifeoverpassesand38underpasseshavebeenopenedtohelptheanimalscrossthehigh

wayinsafety.IwasfortunatetovisitBanff’sRedEarthOverpasswithTrevorKinley，theprojectmanagerofParksCanada.Hetoldmethat

sofar，theyhaddocumented10,000safeanimalcrossingsonthisoverpassalone.“Someanimalshavelearnedhowtousethecrossingsmuchmorequickly

thanothers.Blackbearsarethefastestlearners，followedbydeer.Wolvesandlionstakethelongesttoworkouthowtousethem，”Kinleysaid，laughing.“Butthoseani

malsthatareslowertoadaptareusuallymorecapableanddeterminedtofigureoutthesafestwaytocrossthoseoverpassesandunderpa

sses.”Thereissomecriticism(批评)thatchannelingsomuchwildlifeintoafewbridgesandtunnelsislikemakingatrapfortheanim

als，offeringbiganimalsaneasymealoneitherside.“Butresearchhasshownthatthisisnotthecase，”Kinleyassuredme.“Therearenomoreki

llingsaroundthecrossingsthananywhereelseinthepark.”WalkingovertheTrans-CanadaHighwayandthenwalkingunderneaththroughoneofthetunnels，

Iwasamazedtoseethefreshtracksofblackbears，wolves，deerandmanykindsofsmalleranimals.Somehow，Iwassohappytoseealltheseanimalfootprints，know

ingthatallthiswildlifewaspassingsafelyunderandoverthelongestroadinCanada.Hopefully，thesuccessofthewildlifecrossingsinBanffwillcontinuet

oinspiresimilarsolutionsaroundtheworld，wherehumanpressureonwildlifecontinuestogrow.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。一条横贯Banff国家公园的公路给动物自

由活动带来了困难，为了给动物们提供安全的行走途径，园区在该公路沿途修建了一些空中及地下通道，本文主要讲述了作者参观这些通道时的见闻。1．Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheun

derlined“hazard”inparagraph1?A．Shelter.B．Message.C．Answer.D．Danger.答案D解析词义猜测题。根据画线词之前的“But”和之后的“Toaddresstheproblem”和“sixwildlifeoverpassesand38unde

rpasseshavebeenopenedtohelptheanimalscrossthehighwayinsafety”可知，为了应对问题，修建了天桥和地下通道让动物安全地通过公路，结合选项可以推断，hazar

d和danger含义相近。2．WhatdoesTrevorKinleysayaboutthosewolvesandlions?A．Theyarestupidanimals.B．Theyarecautiouslea

rners.C．Theyareverydangerous.D．Theyaregoodatadapting.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第三段末句可知，适应得慢的动物通常更有能力和决心找出最安全的穿过天桥和地下通道的方法。由此可以推断出，Trevo

rKinley认为狼和狮子是谨慎的学习者。3．Whatarethecriticsworriedabout?A．Therearetoomanybridgesandtunnels.B．Manyanimalswillnotuset

hecrossings.C．Morekillingsmighthappenatthecrossings.D．Illegalhuntingmightbeencouragedinthepark.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第四段首句可知，批评者担心的是集中穿过这些通道时，小型动物容易被其他大

型动物吃掉。4．Howdoestheauthorfeelattheendofthevisit?A．Concerned.B．Disappointed.C．Shocked.D．Delighted.答案D解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“

Somehow，Iwassohappytoseealltheseanimalfootprints”可知，作者在参观结束时是高兴的。BPlantsdon’thaveearsoracentralnervoussystem，butnewresearchoutoftheUniversityofMisso

urihasdemonstratedthattheymightstillhavetheabilityto“hear”．Morespecifically，plantshavebeenshowntoexhibitanimmuneresponsetothemeresound

ofahungryinsect.Forthestudy，researchersplayedthesoundofacaterpillarchewingtoagroupofplants，whichcausedslightvibrations(振动)ont

heplants’leaves.Theplantswereabletorecognizethesevibrationpatternsasdanger，andrespondedbymountingtheappropriateimmun

eresponse.Inotherwords，itappearsthatplantscan“hear”themselvesbeingchewedon.Researchersassumethatplantsachievethisrema

rkableabilitythankstoproteinsthatrespondtopressurefoundwithintheircellmembranes.Vibrationscausepressurechangeswithinthecell，whichcanchangetheb

ehavioroftheproteins；however，additionalstudywillberequiredtoconfirmordenythistheory.Onceresearchersidentifytheexactmechanis

msatplayinthisprocess，itcouldleadtoadvancesincropprotection.Farmerscouldpotentiallylearntousesoundtocauseaplan

t’snaturalchemicaldefensesagainstinsectthreats，ratherthanturningtopoisonouschemicals.“Wecanimagineapplicationsofthi

swhereplantscouldbetreatedwithsoundorgeneticallyengineeredtorespondtocertainsoundsthatwouldbeusefulforagriculture，”saidstudyauthorHeidiAppe

l.Thestudyaddstothegrowinglistofwaysthatplantshavebeenshowntosensetheirenvironments.Theyarenottheboringorganismsthatmany

peopleassumetheyare.Forinstance，someplantsareabletocommunicatewitheachotherandsignalupcomingdangertotheirneighborsbyrel

easingchemicalsintotheair.Plantscanrespondtolight(thinkaboutsunflowers)andtemperature.Somecanevenrespondtotouch，suchastheVenusflytrap(捕蝇草

)，whichsnapsshutwhenaninsectstimulatesitshairs.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。一项新研究表明：植物可能有“听”的能力，对饥饿昆虫的声音有免疫反应，这一发现可以应用于农业以

保护庄稼。5．Whydidresearcherscarryoutthestudy?A．Tofindoutifplantscanreacttosounds.B．Tolearnhowplantsrecognizedangers.C．Todiscoverifplantscanshaket

heirleaves.D．Toseehowplantsimproveimmunesystems.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“更具体地说，植物已经被证明会对饥饿昆虫的声音表现出免疫反应”及第二段的研究过程可知，这项研究的

目的是查明植物是否对声音有反应。故选A。6．What’sthepotentialuseofresearchers’discovery?A．Toremoveinsects.B．Toprotectcrops.C．Totreatplantdiseases.D．Toproducechemica

ls.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第四段首句可知，研究人员的这一发现的潜在用处是保护庄稼。故选B。7．Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinthelastparagraph?A．Therearemoreplantsthanweknow.B．Lotso

fsecretsaboutplantsremainunclear.C．Plantsfitinwellwiththeirenvironments.D．Plantsaremoreactivethanwet

hink.答案D解析推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句可知，植物并不是人们设想的乏味的生物体，下文举例说明植物能够互相交流，以释放化学物质的方式向邻居发出危险信号，对光、温度和外界的触摸作出反应。所以本段想要告诉我们植物比我们想象的更加活跃。故选D。8．Whatcanbethebesttit

leforthetext?A．CanPlants“Talk”withEachOther?B．HowDoPlantsMakeUseofSounds?C．CanPlants“Hear”ThemselvesBeingEaten?D．HowDoPlantsDefendThemselvesAgainst

Attacks?答案C解析标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述一项新研究表明植物可能有“听”的能力，并讲述了这项发现的潜在用途。故C项“植物能‘听到’自己被吃掉吗？”最适合作文章标题。故选C。CTheTiangon

gspacestationisaspacestationbeingconstructedbyChina.Theconstructionofthestationisbasedontheexperiencegainedfromitspioneers，Tiangong-1andTiangong-2

.Thefirstmodule(舱)，theTianhecoremodule，waslaunchedonApril29,2021，followedbymultiplecrewedanduncrewedmissionsandtwomoremodulestobelaunch

edby2022.AccordingtoChinaMannedSpaceAgency(CMSA)，whichoperatesthespacestation，thepurposeandmissionsofTiangong

spacestationarelistedas：breakthroughsinkeytechnologiessuchaspermanenthumanoperationsinorbit，long-termautonomousspaceflightofthespa

cestation，lifesupporttechnologyanddevelopmentoftechnologythatcanaidfuturedeepspaceexploration.TheTianheCoreCabinM

odule(CCM)provideslifesupportandlivingquartersforthreecrewmembersandprovidesguidanceandnavigation(导航)forthestation.

Themodulealsoprovidesthestation’spower.Thestationisequippedwithasmallkitchenforfoodpreparationandthefirst-evermicrowaveoveninthespa

ceflight，sothatastronautscanalwayshavehotfoodwhenevertheyneed.120differenttypesoffood，selectedbasedona

stronauts’preference，arestoredaboard.China’sintentiontobuilditsownspacestationwasamplified(增强)afterNASArefusedChineseparticipation

inInternationalSpaceStationin2011.OnFebruary22,2017，CMSAandItalianSpaceAgency(ASI)signedanagreementtocooperateonlong-termhum

anspaceflightactivities.TheagreementholdsimportanceduetoItaly’sleadingpositioninthefieldofhumanspaceflightwi

thregardtothecreationanddevelopmentoftheInternationalSpaceStationanditshowsItaly’sincreasedexpectationsofChina’s

developingspacestationprogram.Tiangongisalsoexpectedtohostexperimentsfrommanyothercountries.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的天宫

空间站。9．WhatdoweknowabouttheTiangongspacestation?A．Itaimstobuildacoremodule.B．Itsconstructionhasbeenfinished.C．Self-controlledflightisimpos

sible.D．Itcanfurtherassistspaceexploration.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“thepurposeandmissionsofTiangongspacestationarelistedas...developm

entoftechnologythatcanaidfuturedeepspaceexploration”可知，天宫空间站可以进一步帮助太空探索。故选D。10．Whatisparagraph3mainlyabo

ut?A．Foodstoredaboardthestation.B．Waysofcookinginspace.C．LivingconditionsonTianheCCM.D．Lifesupportingtechno

logies.答案C解析段落大意题。根据第三段中的“TheTianheCoreCabinModule(CCM)provideslifesupportandlivingquarters”和下文的具体描述可知，第三段主要讲的是天和

核心舱内的生活条件。故选C。11．WhatwillthefutureoftheTiangongspacestationbelikeaccordingtothetext?A．Dependentandunclear.B．Prom

isingandinfluential.C．Leadingbutunpredictable.D．Internationalizedbutrisky.答案B解析推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，中意签署了长期合

作协议，他国对中国正在发展的空间站项目愈发抱有期望，且天宫空间站预计将承载许多其他国家的实验。综上可推知，天宫空间站的未来将会是有前途且有影响力的。故选B。12．Inwhichsectionofawebsitemaythistextappea

r?A．Spacefiction.B．Life&Health.C．Historicalevents.D．Science&Technology.答案D解析文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍的是天宫空间站，属于科技领域的内容，因此可能在网站的科学与技术专栏出现。故选D。Ⅱ.七选五(202

3·江苏南京联考)Everyday，alotofpeoplemovehouse.Withanewfoundappreciationforspaceandair，itmaysuddenlyhaveseemedasifanewkindoflifewaspossible.1.Here

’ssomeexpertadviceonhowtobuildanewcommunity.2Askpeopleyoualreadyknowiftheycouldintroduceyoutoanyoneinthelocationtowhichyouaremoving.Postingo

nsocialmediaisprobablytheeasiestwaytotapyourfriends’friends.Itincreasesthechancethatthere’ssomeoneyouwillgetalongwith.Don’texpectfriendstomag

icallyappear3.Peoplereallyneedtotaketheinitiativetogooutthereandmeetpeopleandnotassumethatfriendsarejustgoingtofallintotheirlives.Aspeopl

ebecomefamiliartous，welikethemmore，andit’scompletelyunconscious.BeopentoabroaderrangeofpeopleYouhavespentalifetimenarrowingyoursocialcircleto

thoseyoureallycareabout，butthechancesareyou’renotgoingtomeetnewbestfriendsinyournewareainstantly.Whenitcomestofrie

ndships，havingclosefriendsisoneofthebestthingswecandoforourhealthandwellbeing.Butevenhavingbriefinteractionswithpeopleingeneralbenefitsus.4.Don’td

espairRemembertomaintainpre-existingfriendships，sothatyou’renotfeelinglonelyanddisconnectedwhiledevelopingnewrelationshi

ps.5.Butpeopledon’trealizethatiftheyputthemselvesoutthere，theprocesscangofasterthantheythink.Itreallymakesadifferenceifyou’rewil

lingtoattenddifferentevents；youcanreallychangeyoursociallife.A．MakeapublicappealB．PutsomeworkinbeforeyoumoveC．Qualityisbest，b

utquantitystilldoessomethingD．ItcantakealongtimetobuildupnewfriendshipsE．Butnowthepandemichasmadeitharderto

connectwithstrangersF．Itdoesn’tnecessarilymeanyoumadethewrongdecisioninmovingG．Wetendtothinkfriendshipshappennaturallyandthat’sahuge

misconception语篇解读这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了在当前形势下搬家到一个新的地方该如何建立新的人际关系。1．答案E解析上文提到人们搬家后会面对新的环境，并且下文给出了建立新的人际关系的建议，所以此处应是表达交友的

困难。因此，E项(但现在，疫情使得与陌生人联系变得更加困难)切题。故选E。2．答案B解析根据下文可知，本段主要建议通过熟人和社交媒体来与新家所在地的人建立关系，这些都属于搬家前的准备工作。因此，B项(在你

搬家之前先做些工作)切题。故选B。3．答案G解析根据本段标题和下文可知，本段主要建议主动出去社交，而不是认为朋友会从天而降，因此，G项(我们往往认为友谊是自然发生的，这是一个巨大的误解)切题。故选G。4．答案C解析根据本段标题以及空前的内容可知，

亲密的好友很重要，那些短暂接触的泛泛之交也很重要，即要有高质量的朋友，但大量的普通朋友也有必要，因此，C项(有质量是最好的，但数量也有意义)切题。故选C。5．答案D解析根据下文可知，改变自己的社交生活，多参加不同活动，可以使建立新友谊的过程加快，D项

(建立新的友谊可能需要很长时间)切题，该选项引出下文，且选项中的“takealongtime”与下一句中的“gofaster”相呼应。故选D。