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选择性必修第三册Unit3EnvironmentalProtection高考题型组合练Ⅰ.阅读理解AMakethemostofthepleasantweatherandenjoythebestwalkoftheyea

rwithfriendsandfamily.Useyour2for1Entryinsomeofourfavoritelandscapegardensforamemorabledayout.PainswickRococoG

ardenFindbeautyandquietnessattheUK’sonlycompletesurvivingRococoGarden.Discoverfancifulgardenflowers，woodlandwal

ks，andbeautifullyframedviewsacrossthevalley.Dogsonshortleadsarepermittedandtheshopoffersarangeofseasonalandlocalproduce.Bookatrococogarden.org.uk.Op

en：closed1－25March，open26－31March,10am－4pm，lastentry2：30pm.NymansGardenWalkdownSpringWalkpackedwithseasonalflowersa

ndpleasantsmells，andenjoythehedge(树篱)toppedwithfrost.Routesincludethosewithplentyoflevelpathstofollowaroundthegarden.Dogsarewe

lcomeeverydayfrom1：30pm，withafestivetreatprovided.Bookatnationaltrust.org.uk/nymans.Open：dailyexcept24and25March,10am－4pm.Ventn

orBotanicGardenEveninearlyspring，therearetypicallyover200varietiesofplantstobeseenfloweringasyouexplore

the27acres.Enjoyaccesstothecoastalpathandroutesaccessibleforwheelchairs，andthenwarmupwithcoffeemilkinthecaféafterward.Bookatbotani

c.co.uk.Open：dailyexcept25March,9am－4pm.GibsideGardenEnjoywalkingpathsatthisGeorgianlandscapegarden，featuringplentyofwildlife.Fo

llowthewindingriverandturningvalleyforfantasticviews.Warmupwithhotchocolateanddeliciousbiscuitsinthesecond-handbookshop.Bookatnationaltrust.org.u

k/gibside.Open：dailyexcept24and25March,10am－4pm.语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了可以与家人和朋友一起散步的四个景观花园。1．WhatdoPainswickRococoGardenand

NymansGardenhaveincommon?A．Valleyviews.B．Frostyflowers.C．Seasonalproduce.D．Petpermission.答案D解析细节理解题。根据PainswickRococoGarde

n部分中的“Dogsonshortleadsarepermitted”以及NymansGarden部分中的“Dogsarewelcomeeverydayfrom1：30pm”可知，这两个花园的共同之处在于都

允许宠物进入。故选D。2．Whichgardenfavorspeoplewithwalkingdisability?A．PainswickRococoGarden.B．NymansGarden.C．VentnorBotan

icGarden.D．GibsideGarden.答案C解析细节理解题。根据VentnorBotanicGarden部分中的“Enjoyaccesstothecoastalpathandroutesaccessibleforwh

eelchairs”可知，文特诺植物园适合行走不便的人。故选C。3．Wherecanthetextbefound?A．Inaresearchpaper.B．Inatravelbrochure.C．Inasciencemagazine.D．Inageographytextbook.答案

B解析文章出处题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了可以与家人和朋友一起散步的四个景观花园，包括各自的特色、预订方式、开放时间等。由此可推测，本文最有可能出现在旅游手册上。故选B。B(2023·江苏苏州期中调研)Lotsofani

malsliveandmoveingroups—elephantsinherds，wolvesinpacks，birdsinflocks，andfishinschools.Researchhasshownthatw

hereanindividualislocatedinthegroupcanaffectthebenefitsitgetsfromhangingoutinacrowd.However，ShaunKillen，anecophysiologistattheUniversityof

GlasgowintheUKsays，researchershaven’tyetfullyexploredtheroleofphysiologicalprocessessuchasdigestionindrivinganimals’collective

behavior.KillenandhiscolleaguesrecentlystudiedschoolsofEurasianminnows(米诺鱼)swimminginatankagainstacurrent.Piecesoffoodwereconstantlymovingpastt

hefish，andtheteamrecordedhowmucheachminnowateandthefishes’positionsbeforeandaftereating.Aftercalculatingthemetabolic(新陈代谢的)costsofdigestingeach

fish’smealandcomparingittothefish’sposition，theteamobservedatrend:fishthathadjustgulpeddownabigmealmovedtothebackoftheschool，evenwhenthey’dswu

matthefrontatmostothertimes.“Itmakessensethatfeedingwouldinfluenceindividuals’positionsinagroup，”saysDamienFarine，whostudiescollectivebeh

aviorinbirdsattheUniversityofKonstanzinGermany.“Ifafishishungry，it’scompetingwithothersintheschooltoeat，andbeingatthefrontgivesitaccesst

omorefood.Butoncethefishisfull，itdoesn’tnecessarilyneedtobeatthefront.”Inaddition，“beingatthebackofthegroupi

slessenergeticallycostlyforarangeofreasons，”Farinenotes.“Anindividualatthebackdoesn’thavetocontributetonav

igating，andbyrelaxingthebrainloaditsavesmoreenergy.”Killensayshe’sbeenthinkingabouttheprosandconsofbeingatthebackofthepack，suchasprotect

ionfromattackersandaboostfromschoolmates’slipstream.Changesinposition，especiallyduringthebasictrade-offbetweenfeedingandmovement，appeartoinflu

encegroupleadership，informationtransfer，andgroupdecisionmaking.Buttheconsequencesofthetrade-offsforgrouppowerandsurvivalarenotyetunderstoo

d.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了个体在群体中的位置会影响其所获得的利益。4．WhatdoesKillenandhiscolleagues’studyfocuson?A．Howbehavioraltraitsinfluencepositioncha

ngesofindividualsinfishschools.B．Howlocationinfluencesnutritionstatesofindividualsinfishschools.C．Howdigestioninfluencesdistributionofindividualsinfi

shschools.D．Howlocationinfluencesbenefitsofindividualsinfishschools.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第一段的“researchershaven’tyetfullyexploredther

oleofphysiologicalprocessessuchasdigestionindrivinganimals’collectivebehavior”和第二段的“Aftercalculatingthemetabolic(新陈代

谢的)costsofdigestingeachfish’smealandcomparingittothefish’sposition，theteamobservedatrend”可知，Killen和他同事的研究重点是消化如何

影响鱼群中个体的分布。故选C。5．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“gulpeddown”meaninparagraph2?A．Swallowed.B．Located.C．Witnessed.D．Missed.答案A解析词义猜测题。根据画线词

后的“abigmeal”可知，鱼是吃下大餐，gulpeddown意为“吞下，吃下”，和swallowed意思相近。故选A。6．Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A．Afullfishcompetest

oeatattheback.B．Ahungryfishhaseasieraccesstomorefood.C．Beingatthebacksavestheenergyofafullfish.D．Beingatthefron

tcostsahungryfishlessenergy.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第三段的“Butoncethefishisfull，itdoesn’tnecessarilyneedtobeatthefront.”和“beingatthebackofthegr

oupislessenergeticallycostlyforarangeofreasons”以及最后一句可知，在鱼群的后面可以节省吃饱的鱼的能量。故选C。7．WhatisShaunKillen’sattitudetohisstudy?A．Cautious.B．Confident.C

．Positive.D．Disappointed.答案A解析观点态度题。根据最后一段的“Changesinposition，especiallyduringthebasictrade-offbetweenfeedingandmovement，appeartoinfluencegroupleader

ship，informationtransfer，andgroupdecisionmaking.Buttheconsequencesofthetrade-offsforgrouppowerandsurvivalare

notyetunderstood.”并结合选项可知，ShaunKillen对他的研究持谨慎的态度。故选A。CAtJennerParkPrimarySchoolinWales，pupilsbetweenthea

gesofsevenandninearewritingletterstoresidentsofalocalcarehome.Theinitiativeseeschildrenandtheirelder

lypenpals(笔友)exchangeupdatesabouttheirlives，helpingtobuildrelationshipsbetweengenerationswhilealsogivingt

hechildrenanunderstandingofthevalueofwritinglettersbyhand—anactivitythat’sbecominglessandlesscommon.L

auraJohnson，theteacherwhocoordinates(协调)theschemeatJennerPark，says:“Allofourwritingisforapurpose.That’sthekeyingettingchildrentovaluehandwriting

.Assoonasyouputanaudiencethere，knowingthatsomeoneoutthereisgoingtobereadingit—whetherthat’sparentsoranothergroupofchildren

—there’salwaystherealsenseofpridetogoalongwithit.”Theschoolmaintainsafocusonhandwritingthroughouttheyears，fromdedicatedhandwrit

ingclassesintheprepschooltoacalligraphyclubofferedtotheoldergroups.Ithascreatedsomethingcalledthepenlicense.Itallowsyoungerchildrentomovefro

musingapenciltopenoncethey’vereachedacertainstandard.“There’salotofexcitementaboutreachingthatpenlicencestag

e，”saysJohnson.Johnsonaddsthatdevelopingstudents’writinginthiswaymattersfortheirlifeafterschool:“Forus，it’simportantthatwecrea

tecitizensofthefuturewhohaveasetoflifeskillsthatcanmakethemsuccessful.”Thedominanceoftechnologyisachallenge，sheadmits，buts

healsobelievesbothtoolshavetheirplace.“Obviouslywe’recompetingwithtechnologycontinuously，”shesays.“AndIknowtherearepeopletheresayingyoudon’t

needtobotherabouthandwritingbecausetechisoutthere.Butwedon’tseeitascompeting.We’retryingtogetpupilstoreali

zethatthere’saplaceforhandwritingandtoknowwhenit’simportanttouseeach.”语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章通过倡议孩子手写书信，强调了手写的重要性，随着科技的发展，手写并不会过时，而是将与科技共存。8．

Whydoestheschoollaunchtheinitiative?A．Tohelpchildrentofindthemeaningofhandwriting.B．Toencouragechildrentoshowpityfortheaged.C．Topers

uadechildrentochoosepropercourses.D．Tourgechildrentoacknowledgetheaudience.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第一段中“Theinitiativesees...givingthechildrenanunde

rstandingofthevalueofwritinglettersbyhand”以及第二段中“Allofourwritingisforapurpose.That’sthekeyingettingchildrentovaluehandw

riting.”可知学校发起这项倡议是为了帮助孩子们发现手写的意义。故选A。9．Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytellusabouttheschool?A．Itsafter-classactivities.B．I

tspracticeinhandwriting.C．Itsacademicachievements.D．Itsinnovationintechnology.答案B解析段落大意题。通读第三段可知，第三段主要说明了这所学校在书法上的实践。故选B。10．Whatcanweinferfromthelast

paragraphabouthandwriting?A．Itwillwinagainsttechnology.B．Itwillgivewaytotechnology.C．Itwillco-existwithtechnology.D．Itwillc

auseconfusiontopeople.答案C解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Thedominanceoftechnologyisachallenge，sheadmits，butshealsobelievesbothtools

havetheirplace.‘Obviouslywe’recompetingwithtechnologycontinuously，’”可推知，手写将与技术共存。故选C。11．Whichcanbeasuitable

titleforthetext?A．HandwritingPromotesthePenPalSchemeB．SlowCommunicationReducesMisunderstandingC．CreativeIdeasforDealingwithChallenge

sGainPopularityD．PuttingPentoPaperContributestoaLoveoftheWrittenWord答案D解析标题归纳题。通读文章可知，文章开篇引出了让孩子们手写信件的话题，然后讲述了手写的意义和重要性，最后

论述了它会和科技竞争共存。由此可以推断，D项(在纸上书写增进对文字的热爱)符合题意。故选D。Ⅱ.七选五Apersuasivespeechisaspeechintendedtoconvincetheaudiencetodosomething.Therearemanyelement

sthatgointoasuccessfulpersuasivespeech.1Learnaboutyourtopic.Itisimportanttoknowasmuchasyoucanaboutthetopicyou’llbespeakingon.

Ifyouaren’talreadyfamiliarwiththetopic，dosomeresearchandlearnasmuchasyoucan.2Youcangotothelibraryandaskalibrarianforhelpingfindbooks，or

justgoonlineandfindsomearticles.Knowyourgoal.It’simportanttounderstandexactlywhatyouaretryingtoachievewithyourspeech.3Forexample，ifyourt

opicisrecycling，areyoutryingtogetpeopletovoteinfavorofacitywiderecyclingprogram，ortoconvincethemtosortouttheirglassandcansandputtheminas

eparatebin?Thesewillbedifferentspeeches，sohavingthegoalspelledoutearlywillhelpyoucraftyourmessage.Understandyouraudience.Itisimportanttounderstan

dyouraudienceandtheirviewsandknowledgeaboutthetopic.4Anaudiencethatknowslittleaboutyourtopicwillneedmorebackground

informationandsimplerlanguage.Theaudiencemadeupofexpertsonthetopicmayfindsuchasimplespeechboring.5Onceyou’vechosenthebestpersuas

iveapproachforyouraudience，brainstormthemainpointsyou’llmakeduringthespeech.Thenumberofpointsyoucanm

aketosupportyourpositionwillbedeterminedbyhowmuchtimeyouhavetospeak.Asaruleofthumb，threetofoursupportingpointsisusuallyagoodnumber.A．Outlineyou

rmainpoints.B．Choosetherightpersuasiveapproach.C．Attractingyouraudienceisalsoimportant.D．Thiswillalsoinfluencethecontentofyourspeech.E．T

hisway，youcantailoryourcontenttofityourgoal.F．Spendsometimereadingbooksorarticlesaboutyourtopic.G．However，withgoodpreparations，youarelikelytomakeapo

werfulspeech.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了准备一篇成功的有说服力的演讲的方法。1．答案G解析根据上文“Therearemanyelementsthatgointoasuccessfulpersuasivespeech.”和下文小标题的介绍可知，空处承上启下，介绍

要有充分的准备才能有好的演讲。G项(然而，有了充分的准备，你就有可能会发表一个有力的演讲)符合语境。故选G。2．答案F解析根据上文“Ifyouaren’talreadyfamiliarwiththetopic，dosomeresearchand

learnasmuchasyoucan.”可知，空处承接上文，进一步说明如何了解话题，F项中的“yourtopic”与段落小标题对应。F项(花些时间阅读与你的主题相关的书籍或文章)符合语境。故选F。3．答案E解析根据段落小标题“Knowyourgoal.”可知，本段的关键词是“

goal”，E项中的“yourgoal”与之对应。E项(这样，你就可以根据你的目标来调整你的内容)符合语境。故选E。4．答案D解析根据上文“Itisimportanttounderstandyouraudienceandtheirvi

ewsandknowledgeaboutthetopic.”和下文“Anaudiencethatknowslittleaboutyourtopicwillneedmorebackgroundinformationandsimplerlanguage.”可知，空处承上启下，说明了解你的

听众和他们对这个话题的看法和理解会影响演讲的内容。D项(这也会影响你演讲的内容)符合语境。故选D。5．答案A解析空处为段落小标题。根据下文“Onceyou’vechosenthebestpersuasiveapproach

foryouraudience，brainstormthemainpointsyou’llmakeduringthespeech.”可知，本段主要介绍要概述自己的观点。A项(概述你的主要观点)符合语境。故选A。