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选择性必修第三册Unit3EnvironmentalProtection高考题型组合练Ⅰ.阅读理解AMakethemostofthepleasantweatherandenjoythebestwalkoftheyearwithfriendsandfa

mily.Useyour2for1Entryinsomeofourfavoritelandscapegardensforamemorabledayout.PainswickRococoGardenFindbeautyandquietnessattheUK’sonlycompletesu

rvivingRococoGarden.Discoverfancifulgardenflowers，woodlandwalks，andbeautifullyframedviewsacrosstheva

lley.Dogsonshortleadsarepermittedandtheshopoffersarangeofseasonalandlocalproduce.Bookatrococogarden.org.uk.Open：closed1－25March，open26－31Ma

rch,10am－4pm，lastentry2：30pm.NymansGardenWalkdownSpringWalkpackedwithseasonalflowersandpleasantsmells，andenjoythehedge(树篱)toppedwith

frost.Routesincludethosewithplentyoflevelpathstofollowaroundthegarden.Dogsarewelcomeeverydayfrom1：30pm，wi

thafestivetreatprovided.Bookatnationaltrust.org.uk/nymans.Open：dailyexcept24and25March,10am－4pm.VentnorBotanicGardenEveninearlys

pring，therearetypicallyover200varietiesofplantstobeseenfloweringasyouexplorethe27acres.Enjoyaccesstothecoasta

lpathandroutesaccessibleforwheelchairs，andthenwarmupwithcoffeemilkinthecaféafterward.Bookatbotanic.co.uk

.Open：dailyexcept25March,9am－4pm.GibsideGardenEnjoywalkingpathsatthisGeorgianlandscapegarden，featuri

ngplentyofwildlife.Followthewindingriverandturningvalleyforfantasticviews.Warmupwithhotchocolateanddeliciousbiscuitsi

nthesecond-handbookshop.Bookatnationaltrust.org.uk/gibside.Open：dailyexcept24and25March,10am－4pm.语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了可以与家人和朋友一起散步的四个景观花

园。1．WhatdoPainswickRococoGardenandNymansGardenhaveincommon?A．Valleyviews.B．Frostyflowers.C．Seasonalproduce.D．Petpermission.答案D解析细节理解题。根据Painsw

ickRococoGarden部分中的“Dogsonshortleadsarepermitted”以及NymansGarden部分中的“Dogsarewelcomeeverydayfrom1：30pm”可知，这两个花园的共同之处在于都允许宠物进入。故选D。2．Whichgarden

favorspeoplewithwalkingdisability?A．PainswickRococoGarden.B．NymansGarden.C．VentnorBotanicGarden.D．GibsideG

arden.答案C解析细节理解题。根据VentnorBotanicGarden部分中的“Enjoyaccesstothecoastalpathandroutesaccessibleforwheelchairs”可知，文特诺植物园适合行走不便的人。故选C。3．Wherecanthete

xtbefound?A．Inaresearchpaper.B．Inatravelbrochure.C．Inasciencemagazine.D．Inageographytextbook.答案B解析文章出处题。通读全文可知，文章主要

介绍了可以与家人和朋友一起散步的四个景观花园，包括各自的特色、预订方式、开放时间等。由此可推测，本文最有可能出现在旅游手册上。故选B。B(2023·江苏苏州期中调研)Lotsofanimalsliveandmoveingroups—elephantsinherd

s，wolvesinpacks，birdsinflocks，andfishinschools.Researchhasshownthatwhereanindividualislocatedinthegroupcanaffectthebenefitsi

tgetsfromhangingoutinacrowd.However，ShaunKillen，anecophysiologistattheUniversityofGlasgowintheUKsays，resear

chershaven’tyetfullyexploredtheroleofphysiologicalprocessessuchasdigestionindrivinganimals’collectivebehavior.Killenandhisc

olleaguesrecentlystudiedschoolsofEurasianminnows(米诺鱼)swimminginatankagainstacurrent.Piecesoffoodwereconstantlymovingpastthefish，andth

eteamrecordedhowmucheachminnowateandthefishes’positionsbeforeandaftereating.Aftercalculatingthemetabolic(新陈代谢的)costsofdigestingeachfish’smealandcompa

ringittothefish’sposition，theteamobservedatrend:fishthathadjustgulpeddownabigmealmovedtothebackoftheschool，evenwhenthey’dswumatthef

rontatmostothertimes.“Itmakessensethatfeedingwouldinfluenceindividuals’positionsinagroup，”saysDamienFa

rine，whostudiescollectivebehaviorinbirdsattheUniversityofKonstanzinGermany.“Ifafishishungry，it’scompetingwithothersintheschooltoeat，andbe

ingatthefrontgivesitaccesstomorefood.Butoncethefishisfull，itdoesn’tnecessarilyneedtobeatthefront.”Inaddit

ion，“beingatthebackofthegroupislessenergeticallycostlyforarangeofreasons，”Farinenotes.“Anindividualatthebackd

oesn’thavetocontributetonavigating，andbyrelaxingthebrainloaditsavesmoreenergy.”Killensayshe’sbeenthinkingabouttheprosandconsofbei

ngatthebackofthepack，suchasprotectionfromattackersandaboostfromschoolmates’slipstream.Changesinposition，esp

eciallyduringthebasictrade-offbetweenfeedingandmovement，appeartoinfluencegroupleadership，informationtransfer，andgroupdecisio

nmaking.Buttheconsequencesofthetrade-offsforgrouppowerandsurvivalarenotyetunderstood.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了个体在群

体中的位置会影响其所获得的利益。4．WhatdoesKillenandhiscolleagues’studyfocuson?A．Howbehavioraltraitsinfluencepositionchangesofindividualsinfishschools.B．Howlocationin

fluencesnutritionstatesofindividualsinfishschools.C．Howdigestioninfluencesdistributionofindividualsinfishschools.D．Howlocationi

nfluencesbenefitsofindividualsinfishschools.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第一段的“researchershaven’tyetfullyexploredtheroleofphysiologicalprocessessuchasdigestionindr

ivinganimals’collectivebehavior”和第二段的“Aftercalculatingthemetabolic(新陈代谢的)costsofdigestingeachfish’smealandcomparingittoth

efish’sposition，theteamobservedatrend”可知，Killen和他同事的研究重点是消化如何影响鱼群中个体的分布。故选C。5．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“gulped

down”meaninparagraph2?A．Swallowed.B．Located.C．Witnessed.D．Missed.答案A解析词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“abigmeal”可知，鱼是吃下大餐，g

ulpeddown意为“吞下，吃下”，和swallowed意思相近。故选A。6．Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A．Afullfishcompetestoeatattheback.B．Ahungryfishh

aseasieraccesstomorefood.C．Beingatthebacksavestheenergyofafullfish.D．Beingatthefrontcostsahungryfishlessenergy.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第三段的“Butoncethefishisf

ull，itdoesn’tnecessarilyneedtobeatthefront.”和“beingatthebackofthegroupislessenergeticallycostlyforarangeofreasons”以及最后一句可知，在鱼群的后面可以节省吃饱的鱼的能量。故

选C。7．WhatisShaunKillen’sattitudetohisstudy?A．Cautious.B．Confident.C．Positive.D．Disappointed.答案A解析观点态度题。根据最后一段的“Changesi

nposition，especiallyduringthebasictrade-offbetweenfeedingandmovement，appeartoinfluencegroupleadership，informationtransfer，andgroupdecisionma

king.Buttheconsequencesofthetrade-offsforgrouppowerandsurvivalarenotyetunderstood.”并结合选项可知，ShaunKillen对他的研究

持谨慎的态度。故选A。CAtJennerParkPrimarySchoolinWales，pupilsbetweentheagesofsevenandninearewritingletterstoresid

entsofalocalcarehome.Theinitiativeseeschildrenandtheirelderlypenpals(笔友)exchangeupdatesabouttheirlives

，helpingtobuildrelationshipsbetweengenerationswhilealsogivingthechildrenanunderstandingofthevalueofwritinglettersbyha

nd—anactivitythat’sbecominglessandlesscommon.LauraJohnson，theteacherwhocoordinates(协调)theschemeatJennerPa

rk，says:“Allofourwritingisforapurpose.That’sthekeyingettingchildrentovaluehandwriting.Assoonasyouputanaudiencethere，knowingthatsomeoneou

tthereisgoingtobereadingit—whetherthat’sparentsoranothergroupofchildren—there’salwaystherealsenseofpridetogoalongwithit.”Theschoolma

intainsafocusonhandwritingthroughouttheyears，fromdedicatedhandwritingclassesintheprepschooltoacalligraphyclubof

feredtotheoldergroups.Ithascreatedsomethingcalledthepenlicense.Itallowsyoungerchildrentomovefromusingapenciltopenoncethey’vereache

dacertainstandard.“There’salotofexcitementaboutreachingthatpenlicencestage，”saysJohnson.Johnsonaddsthatdevelopingstudents’writin

ginthiswaymattersfortheirlifeafterschool:“Forus，it’simportantthatwecreatecitizensofthefuturewhohaveasetoflifeskillstha

tcanmakethemsuccessful.”Thedominanceoftechnologyisachallenge，sheadmits，butshealsobelievesbothtoolshave

theirplace.“Obviouslywe’recompetingwithtechnologycontinuously，”shesays.“AndIknowtherearepeopletheresayingyoudon’tneedtobo

therabouthandwritingbecausetechisoutthere.Butwedon’tseeitascompeting.We’retryingtogetpupilstorealizethatthere’sapla

ceforhandwritingandtoknowwhenit’simportanttouseeach.”语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章通过倡议孩子手写书信，强调了手写的重要性，随着科技的发展，手写并不会过时，而是将与科技共存。8．Whydoesthe

schoollaunchtheinitiative?A．Tohelpchildrentofindthemeaningofhandwriting.B．Toencouragechildrentoshowpityforthea

ged.C．Topersuadechildrentochoosepropercourses.D．Tourgechildrentoacknowledgetheaudience.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第一段中“Theinitiativesees...givingthechildrena

nunderstandingofthevalueofwritinglettersbyhand”以及第二段中“Allofourwritingisforapurpose.That’sthekeyingettingchildrentovaluehandwriting.”

可知学校发起这项倡议是为了帮助孩子们发现手写的意义。故选A。9．Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytellusabouttheschool?A．Itsafter-classactivities.B．Itspracticein

handwriting.C．Itsacademicachievements.D．Itsinnovationintechnology.答案B解析段落大意题。通读第三段可知，第三段主要说明了这所学校在书法上的实践。故选B。10．Whatcanw

einferfromthelastparagraphabouthandwriting?A．Itwillwinagainsttechnology.B．Itwillgivewaytotechnology.C．Itwil

lco-existwithtechnology.D．Itwillcauseconfusiontopeople.答案C解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Thedominanceoftechnologyisachallenge，sheadmits，butsheals

obelievesbothtoolshavetheirplace.‘Obviouslywe’recompetingwithtechnologycontinuously，’”可推知，手写将与技术共存。故选C。11．Whichcanbeasuita

bletitleforthetext?A．HandwritingPromotesthePenPalSchemeB．SlowCommunicationReducesMisunderstandingC．CreativeIdeasforDealingwithChall

engesGainPopularityD．PuttingPentoPaperContributestoaLoveoftheWrittenWord答案D解析标题归纳题。通读文章可知，文章开篇引出了让孩子们手写信件的话题，然后讲述了手写的意义和重要性，最后论述了它会和科技竞争共存。由此可以推

断，D项(在纸上书写增进对文字的热爱)符合题意。故选D。Ⅱ.七选五Apersuasivespeechisaspeechintendedtoconvincetheaudiencetodosomething.Therearemanyelementsthatgointoa

successfulpersuasivespeech.1Learnaboutyourtopic.Itisimportanttoknowasmuchasyoucanaboutthetopicyou’llbespeakingon.Ifyouaren’talreadyfamiliarwithth

etopic，dosomeresearchandlearnasmuchasyoucan.2Youcangotothelibraryandaskalibrarianforhelpingfindbooks，orjustgoonlineandfindsomearticles.Knowyourg

oal.It’simportanttounderstandexactlywhatyouaretryingtoachievewithyourspeech.3Forexample，ifyourtopicisrec

ycling，areyoutryingtogetpeopletovoteinfavorofacitywiderecyclingprogram，ortoconvincethemtosortouttheirglassandcansandputthemi

naseparatebin?Thesewillbedifferentspeeches，sohavingthegoalspelledoutearlywillhelpyoucraftyourmessage.Unders

tandyouraudience.Itisimportanttounderstandyouraudienceandtheirviewsandknowledgeaboutthetopic.4Anaudiencethatknowslittleaboutyourtop

icwillneedmorebackgroundinformationandsimplerlanguage.Theaudiencemadeupofexpertsonthetopicmayfindsuchasimplespee

chboring.5Onceyou’vechosenthebestpersuasiveapproachforyouraudience，brainstormthemainpointsyou’llmakeduri

ngthespeech.Thenumberofpointsyoucanmaketosupportyourpositionwillbedeterminedbyhowmuchtimeyouhavetospeak.Asaruleofthumb，threetofours

upportingpointsisusuallyagoodnumber.A．Outlineyourmainpoints.B．Choosetherightpersuasiveapproach.C．Attractingyouraudienceisalsoimp

ortant.D．Thiswillalsoinfluencethecontentofyourspeech.E．Thisway，youcantailoryourcontenttofityourgoal.F．Sp

endsometimereadingbooksorarticlesaboutyourtopic.G．However，withgoodpreparations，youarelikelytomakeapo

werfulspeech.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了准备一篇成功的有说服力的演讲的方法。1．答案G解析根据上文“Therearemanyelementsthatgointoasuccessfulpersuasivespeech.”和下文小标题的介绍可知，空处承上启下，介绍要有充分的准

备才能有好的演讲。G项(然而，有了充分的准备，你就有可能会发表一个有力的演讲)符合语境。故选G。2．答案F解析根据上文“Ifyouaren’talreadyfamiliarwiththetopic，dosomeresearchandlearna

smuchasyoucan.”可知，空处承接上文，进一步说明如何了解话题，F项中的“yourtopic”与段落小标题对应。F项(花些时间阅读与你的主题相关的书籍或文章)符合语境。故选F。3．答案E解析根据段落小标题“Knowyourg

oal.”可知，本段的关键词是“goal”，E项中的“yourgoal”与之对应。E项(这样，你就可以根据你的目标来调整你的内容)符合语境。故选E。4．答案D解析根据上文“Itisimportanttounderstandyouraudienceandtheirviewsa

ndknowledgeaboutthetopic.”和下文“Anaudiencethatknowslittleaboutyourtopicwillneedmorebackgroundinformationandsimplerlanguage.”可知，空处承上启下，说明了解你的听众和他们对这个话题的

看法和理解会影响演讲的内容。D项(这也会影响你演讲的内容)符合语境。故选D。5．答案A解析空处为段落小标题。根据下文“Onceyou’vechosenthebestpersuasiveapproachforyour

audience，brainstormthemainpointsyou’llmakeduringthespeech.”可知，本段主要介绍要概述自己的观点。A项(概述你的主要观点)符合语境。故选A。