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选择性必修第二册Unit1ScienceandScientists高考题型组合练Ⅰ.阅读理解AMarissaSumathipala，astudentatBroadRunHighSchooloutsideofWashin

gton，D.C.，waspracticingwithherrecreationalfigure­skatingteamwhenshecrashedwithanotherskater.Herheadhitagainsttheiceheavily.Everythingwentblack.Up

tothatpoint，Sumathipala’sentirelifehadcentredaroundhersport—herdailyschedule，exerciseroutine，evenherdiet.Shehadhopesofmakingthe201

8Olympicteam.Thefallontheicewouldchangeeverything，includingherdirection.Sumathipalahadabraininjuryanditendedhers

katingcareer.Symptomslastedforyears.Hermemoryfeltunclearattimes.She’dfindherselfdizzy，sick，orexhausted.Sumathipalaconsulteddoctors，som

anythatshe“lostcount”.Butnoonehadanswers.Sumathipalabegantorealizethattherewassomuchunknownaboutthebrain.Shesetouttofindt

heanswersherself，apaththatwouldeventuallybringhertoHarvardUniversity，whereshe’dconcentrateonthehumanb

rain.Throughoutherfouryears，Sumathipalahomedinonbrainscience.SheworkedwiththeMcCarrollLabatHarvardMedicalSchool，helpingdevelopanewmethodforsequen

cingsynapses(神经突序列)inthebrain，whicharecrucialformemoryandlearning.Evenasanundergraduate，hercolleaguesweresostruckbyhowmatureherthinkingalreadywasabou

tsciencethatshequicklybecameatrustedandvaluedmemberofthelab.Also，SumathipalacompetedwiththeHarvardFigu

reSkatingCluballfouryears.Shehelpedincreaseitsmembershipandintroducednewskaterstothesportshestillloves.“Ispent

alongtimestrugglingwithmyidentity，”shesaid.“GrowingupIwasjustaskaterandthen，whenIgotinjured，Ihadtorebuildmyidentity.ThenIwasascientist.No

w，Iidentifyasbeingbothaskaterandascientist.”ReflectingonheryearsatHarvard，Sumathipalasaidoneofthethingsshe’

smostgratefulforisseeinghowthingshavecomefullcircleforher.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了玛丽莎·苏马蒂帕拉因脑部受伤，导致记忆受损，被迫放弃滑冰转而专注于人脑研究，在科学领域有所建树的同时又致力于滑冰事业的故事。1．Whatdowe

knowaboutSumathipala’sinjury?A．Itstoppedherskatingeventually.B．Itledtoherlossofeyesight.C．Itchangedherlifedirection.D．Itwaseasilycuredby

doctors.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thefallontheicewouldchangeeverything，includingherdirection.”可知，苏马蒂帕拉的受伤改变了她的人生方向。故选

C。2．InwhatwaydidSumathipalathinkshecouldfindtheanswertoherdisease?A．Turningtodoctors.B．Goingonpracticing.C．Rebuildingheridentity.D．Doingresearchonbra

inherself.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第四段前三句可知，她认为专注于人脑研究会帮助她找到答案。故选D。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“homedinon”inparagraph4probablymean?A．Focusedon.B．Re

turnedto.C．Attendedto.D．Stayedat.答案A解析词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“bringhertoHarvardUniversity，whereshe’dconcentrateonthehumanbrain”可知，苏马蒂帕拉在哈佛大学就读期间专注于人脑研究

。由此可推知，画线短语词义与focuson接近，意为“专注于”。故选A。4．WhatmadethingscomefullcircleforSumathipala?A．Deeploveforfigure­skating.

B．Herdeterminationtoachievelifegoals.C．Thepraisefromherlabcolleagues.D．Goodrelationshipwithnewskaters.答案B解析推理判断题。通读全文尤

其根据倒数第二段中的“GrowingupIwasjustaskaterandthen，whenIgotinjured，Ihadtorebuildmyidentity.ThenIwasascientist.Now，Iidentifyasbeingbothaskaterandascientis

t.”可推知，事情回到原点是因为她拥有坚定的实现目标的决心。故选B。B(2023·湖北八校联考)Youmayneverknowwhytheemailwillarriveandreasonsofferedfor

yourrejectionmightbetherealones—ornot.Bosseshavealwaysspiedontheiremployees，thenjudgedthem.Nowtheriseofth

eonlineselfmeanstheemployer’seyecantravelstillfarther.Evenbeforethepandemic，researchfoundthat28%oflargecompanieshadturneddownapplicantsaftercarryingo

utsuchchecks.Anditisbecomingmorepopular:ReedScreening，alargeagency，wasaskedtorunoverathirdmoresocial­mediachecksinDecemberthisyearthanayearearlier.T

hismonththegovernmentgavethepracticeapprovalwhentheDepartmentforEducationsaidschoolsandcolleges“shouldconsidercarry

ingoutanonlinesearchaspartoftheirduediligence(尽职调查)”．Thewayscreeningworksissimple:Any“problematic”behaviourswillbemarkedwitharedflag.Therearelawsgove

rningsuchonlinescreening.DavidErdos，headoftheCentreforIntellectualPropertyandInformationLaw，saysthatcompaniesaresupposedtowarncan

didatesbeforescreeningtheirsocialmediaandtellthemthattheyhavetherighttoholdbackpermission.Somecompaniesfollowtheserules，butothersmaynot.A

sfortherighttorefuse，itishardlypracticable.“Whoonearthis...goingtobethatpersonwhosays，‘Hangonaminute.I’mnothappy

aboutthat？’”asksMrErdos.“Thatitselfislikelytobearedflag.”Allagreethatthespreadofonlinescreeningisala

rming，asitissounforgiving.Peoplemaybeunableevertobefreeoftheironlinepast，saysMrErdos.Asindeedsomefootballers，recentlypunishedforcommentsmad

ealmostadecadeagowhentheywerebutteenagers，havefoundtotheircost.Thosewithintheindustrythinklawsshouldbetightened，withpunishmentf

orillegalact.Inthemeantime，beingverycarefulisadvisable.Intalkstouniversitystudents，MrErdoswarnsthemwhatcompanieswilldototheirsocia

lmediawhentheyapplyforjobs.“Theyareuniversallyterrified，”hesays.Andrightly.语篇解读本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是在网络的帮助下，雇主可以更为广泛地监控和评价求职者。5．Whatcanweknowabouto

nlinescreeningfromparagraph2?A．Itisturneddownbylargecompanies.B．Itbooststhedevelopmentofeducation.C．Itisbecomingincreasinglyacceptab

le.D．Ithighlightsthewisdomofemployers.答案C解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容尤其是第二句可知，在线筛查正越来越被接受。故选C。6．Whatdoapplicantstendtodowithonlinescreening?A．T

heyrejecttheredflags.B．Theyhavetosubmittoit.C．Theywillchargethecompany.D．Theypostponecarryingitout.答案

B解析推理判断题。根据第三段中“Asfortherighttorefuse，itishardlypracticable...‘Thatitselfislikelytobearedflag.’”可推知，求职者面对在线

筛查最后只能屈服。故选B。7．WhatisMrErdos’opiniononpostingcommentsonline?A．Companiesaretolerantofit.B．Itsinfluenceishardt

oerase.C．Itshouldbeunderstrictlaws.D．Universitystudentsarefreetodoit.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第四段中“Peoplemaybeunableevert

obefreeoftheironlinepast...havefoundtotheircost.”可知，已经有足球运动员为十年前的网络言论付出了代价，由此可推断，网络言论带来的影响力很难消除。故选B。8．Whatcouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．BigEm

ployerIsWatchingYouB．FixYourEyesonOnlineScreeningC．Social­mediaChecksAreAroundtheCornerD．ChecksOnlineAretoBlameforUnemploym

ent答案A解析标题归纳题。根据文章第一段及全文可知，文章主要介绍的是在网络的帮助下，雇主可以更为广泛地监控和评价求职者。所以A项(大雇主在监视着你)作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。Ⅱ.完形填空Whetheritisarelaxingwalkorapowerone，ta

kingawalkusuallyonlylastsasmalldurationoftime.Thiswasnotthe1forTomTurcich，though.OnApril2,2015，Tomdecidedtowalkaroundtheworldbyhimself.Itwasn’ta2thou

ght.Hischildhoodfrienddied3attheageof17duetoajetskiaccident.4byhowshortlifewas，hewasfueledbyastrong5toliveever

ydaytoitsfullest.Tom’swalk6asalonejourney.Butquickly，hefoundhimselfmissing7ontheroad.Andso，whilemakingastopinAustin，Texas，he8Sav

annah，arescuepuppy.Sincethen，thepairhavebeenmakingtheirwayacrossborders，continentsandseas，925,000milesinall.Travelingalwayshassomeupsanddo

wns.Tom10numerousunexpecteddelaysalongtheway.Hewas11duetosevereweatherinPanamaandbecameveryillinScotland.Also，hehadno12buttowaitoutpandemi

clockdownsinmanycountries.Butonthe13side，hemetmanykindpeopleand14thebeautyofnatureindifferentpartsofthewor

ld.Tom15somethingfewpeoplehavesucceededin，whichhebelieveshelpedhimgainamuchlargerunderstandingoftheworld.语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了汤姆·图里奇的徒步旅行经历。1．A

.caseB．routineC．reasonD．intention答案A解析根据上文“Whetheritisarelaxingwalkorapowerone，takingawalkusuallyonlylastsasmalldurationoftime

.”以及下文though可知，汤姆·图里奇的情况并非如此。thisis/wasnotthecaseforsb意为“对某人来说并非如此”。故选A。2．A.novelB．wiseC．suddenD．simple答案C解析novel新颖的；wise聪明的；sudden突然的；simple简单

的。根据下文“Hischildhoodfrienddied...toliveeverydaytoitsfullest.”可知，这不是一个突然的想法。故选C。3．A.instantlyB．unexpectedlyC．eventuallyD．undoubtedly答案B解

析instantly立即地；unexpectedly没有预料到地；eventually最终地；undoubtedly毫无疑问地。根据下文“duetoajetskiaccident”可知，作者儿时的朋友在17岁时意外死亡。故选B。4．A.T

ornB．StruckC．ImpressedD．Inspired答案B解析tear撕裂；strike撞击，打击；impress使印象深刻；inspire鼓励。根据上文“Hischildhoodfrienddiedattheageof17duetoajetskia

ccident.”可知，作者深受触动。故选B。5．A.enthusiasmB．curiosityC．prideD．desire答案D解析enthusiasm热情；curiosity好奇心；pride自豪；desire愿望，渴望。根据上文“howsh

ortlifewas”以及空后“toliveeverydaytoitsfullest”可知，他强烈渴望充实地过好每一天。故选D。6．A.startedB．progressedC．provedD．remained答案A解析start开始；p

rogress前进，进步；prove证明是；remain仍然是。根据空后“asalonejourney”和后文的“Butquickly...”以及“Sincethen，thepair...”可知，汤姆的步行一开始是一段孤独的旅程。故选A。7．A

.neighborhoodB．childhoodC．companionshipD．citizenship答案C解析neighborhood邻居；childhood童年；companionship陪伴；citizenship公民身份。根据上文可知汤姆的步行一开始是独自

一人的旅程。再根据“Butquickly”可知，此句有转折意义，结合下文他收养了一只小狗，说明汤姆需要陪伴。故选C。8．A.deliveredB．spottedC．savedD．adopted答案D解析deliver交付；spot发现；save拯救

；adopt采纳，收养。根据下文“arescuepuppy”以及“Sincethen，thepairhavebeenmakingtheirway”可知，他收养了一只狗。故选D。9．A.coveringB．measuringC．occupyingD．equaling答案A解析cove

r行走(一段路程)；measure测量；occupy占据；equal等于。根据空后“25,000milesinall”可知，他们总共走了25000英里。故选A。10．A.anticipatedB．encounteredC．toleratedD．ignored答案

B解析anticipate预料；encounter偶遇；tolerate忍受；ignore忽略。根据下文“HewasduetosevereweatherinPanamaandbecameveryillinScot

land.”可知，汤姆一路上遇到许多意想不到的耽搁。故选B。11．A.blownawayB．carriedawayC．backedupD．heldup答案D解析blowaway吹走；carryaway

拿走，带走；backup支持；holdup耽搁，举起。根据上文“unexpecteddelays”以及下文“becameveryillinScotland”可知，他被耽搁了。故选D。12．A.responsibilityB．

rightC．alternativeD．opportunity答案C解析responsibility责任；right权利；alternative可供选择的事物；opportunity机会。根据空后“buttowaitoutpandemiclockdowns”可知，他别无选择，只

能等待疫情封锁结束。故选C。13．A.roughB．invisibleC．moralD．bright答案D解析rough粗糙的；invisible看不见的；moral道德的；bright明亮的，有希望的。根据下文“hemetmanykindpeo

ple”可知，但好的一面是，他遇到了许多善良的人。故选D。14．A.appreciatedB．missedC．recalledD．preserved答案A解析appreciate欣赏；miss错过；recall回想起；preserve保存。根据空后“thebeautyofnaturein

differentpartsoftheworld”可知，汤姆欣赏了世界各地的自然美景。故选A。15．A.discoveredB．challengedC．profiledD．renewed答案B解析di

scover发现；challenge挑战；profile概述，扼要介绍；renew更新。根据空后“somethingfewpeoplehavesucceededin”可知，汤姆挑战了一件很少有人成功的事情。故选

B。Ⅲ.语法填空ThetraditionalChineselunarcalendardividesayearinto24solarterms.TheSpringEquinox(春分)，asthefou

rthtermoftheyear，startsonMarch201.endsonApril3thisyear.TheSpringEquinoxsignalstheequal2.(long)ofthedayandnighttime.ThedayoftheSpringEqui

noxis3.thesunisdirectlyabovetheequator.Aftertheequinox，thesunmovesnorthwards，resultingin4.(gradual)longerdaytimein

theNorthernHemisphereandlongernightintheSouthernHemisphere.StandinganegguprightisapopulargameacrossthecountryduringtheSpringEquinox.Itisanoldcustomth

at5.(date)backto4,000yearsago.Peoplepracticethistraditiontocelebratethecomingofspring.It6.(believe)thatifsomeone

canmaketheeggstand，hewillhavegoodluckinthefuture.TheSpringEquinoxis7.goodtimetoflykites.Inancienttimes，peopledidnothavegoodm

edicalresources.So8.(pray)forgoodhealth，theywrotetheirmedicalissuesonapaperkite.Whenthekitewas9.theair，peoplewouldcutoffthestringtolet

thepaperkitefloataway,10.(symbolize)theflyingawayofdiseases.语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“春分”这个节气以及一些相关习俗。1．答案and解析考查连词。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处应用a

nd连接两个并列谓语。故填and。2．答案length解析考查名词。空处作宾语，表示“长度”应用名词length，不可数。故填length。3．答案when解析考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少时间状语，应用when引导。故填when。4．

答案gradually解析考查副词。修饰形容词longer应用副词gradually作状语。故填gradually。5．答案dates解析考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知空处为一般现在时，定语从句中关系代词that指代先行词anoldcustom，所以谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填dates

。6．答案isbelieved解析考查固定句型。表示“人们相信……”句型为Itisbelievedthat...。故填isbelieved。7．答案a解析考查冠词。time表示“时节”，此处表泛指，且good是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。8．答案t

opray解析考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，pray在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语应用不定式。故填topray。9．答案in解析考查介词。表示“在空中”短语为intheair。故填in。

10．答案symbolizing解析考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，symbolize在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处与逻辑主语构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填symbolizing。