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选择性必修第二册Unit1ScienceandScientists高考题型组合练Ⅰ.阅读理解AMarissaSumathipala，astudentatBroadRunHighSchooloutsideofWashington，D.C.，waspracticingwithherrecreat

ionalfigure­skatingteamwhenshecrashedwithanotherskater.Herheadhitagainsttheiceheavily.Everythingwentbla

ck.Uptothatpoint，Sumathipala’sentirelifehadcentredaroundhersport—herdailyschedule，exerciseroutine，evenherdiet.Shehadhopesofma

kingthe2018Olympicteam.Thefallontheicewouldchangeeverything，includingherdirection.Sumathipalahadabraininjurya

nditendedherskatingcareer.Symptomslastedforyears.Hermemoryfeltunclearattimes.She’dfindherselfdizzy，sick，orexhausted.Sumathipalaconsulteddoct

ors，somanythatshe“lostcount”.Butnoonehadanswers.Sumathipalabegantorealizethattherewassomuchunknownaboutthebrai

n.Shesetouttofindtheanswersherself，apaththatwouldeventuallybringhertoHarvardUniversity，whereshe’dconcentrateonthehumanbrain.Through

outherfouryears，Sumathipalahomedinonbrainscience.SheworkedwiththeMcCarrollLabatHarvardMedicalSchool，helpingdevelopanewmethodf

orsequencingsynapses(神经突序列)inthebrain，whicharecrucialformemoryandlearning.Evenasanundergraduate，hercolleaguesweresostruckbyhowmatureherthinking

alreadywasaboutsciencethatshequicklybecameatrustedandvaluedmemberofthelab.Also，SumathipalacompetedwiththeHarva

rdFigureSkatingCluballfouryears.Shehelpedincreaseitsmembershipandintroducednewskaterstothesportshestillloves.“Ispentalongtimestrugglin

gwithmyidentity，”shesaid.“GrowingupIwasjustaskaterandthen，whenIgotinjured，Ihadtorebuildmyidentity.ThenIwasascientist.Now

，Iidentifyasbeingbothaskaterandascientist.”ReflectingonheryearsatHarvard，Sumathipalasaidoneofthethingsshe’smostgratefulforisseeinghowthingshaveco

mefullcircleforher.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了玛丽莎·苏马蒂帕拉因脑部受伤，导致记忆受损，被迫放弃滑冰转而专注于人脑研究，在科学领域有所建树的同时又致力于滑冰事业的故事。1．WhatdoweknowaboutSumathipala’sinjury?A．I

tstoppedherskatingeventually.B．Itledtoherlossofeyesight.C．Itchangedherlifedirection.D．Itwaseasilycuredbydoctors.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thefallontheicewo

uldchangeeverything，includingherdirection.”可知，苏马蒂帕拉的受伤改变了她的人生方向。故选C。2．InwhatwaydidSumathipalathinkshecouldfindtheansw

ertoherdisease?A．Turningtodoctors.B．Goingonpracticing.C．Rebuildingheridentity.D．Doingresearchonbrainherself.答案D解

析细节理解题。根据第四段前三句可知，她认为专注于人脑研究会帮助她找到答案。故选D。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“homedinon”inparagraph4probablymean?

A．Focusedon.B．Returnedto.C．Attendedto.D．Stayedat.答案A解析词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“bringhertoHarvardUniversity，whereshe’dconcentrateonthehum

anbrain”可知，苏马蒂帕拉在哈佛大学就读期间专注于人脑研究。由此可推知，画线短语词义与focuson接近，意为“专注于”。故选A。4．WhatmadethingscomefullcircleforSumathipala?A．Deeploveforfigure­skatin

g.B．Herdeterminationtoachievelifegoals.C．Thepraisefromherlabcolleagues.D．Goodrelationshipwithnewskaters

.答案B解析推理判断题。通读全文尤其根据倒数第二段中的“GrowingupIwasjustaskaterandthen，whenIgotinjured，Ihadtorebuildmyidentity.ThenIwasascientist.Now，Iidentifyasbei

ngbothaskaterandascientist.”可推知，事情回到原点是因为她拥有坚定的实现目标的决心。故选B。B(2023·湖北八校联考)Youmayneverknowwhytheemailwillarriveandreasonsofferedforyourrej

ectionmightbetherealones—ornot.Bosseshavealwaysspiedontheiremployees，thenjudgedthem.Nowtheriseoftheonlineselfme

anstheemployer’seyecantravelstillfarther.Evenbeforethepandemic，researchfoundthat28%oflargecompanieshadturneddowna

pplicantsaftercarryingoutsuchchecks.Anditisbecomingmorepopular:ReedScreening，alargeagency，wasaskedtorunoverathirdmoresocial­mediacheck

sinDecemberthisyearthanayearearlier.ThismonththegovernmentgavethepracticeapprovalwhentheDepartmentforEducationsaidschoolsandcolleges“shouldconsiderca

rryingoutanonlinesearchaspartoftheirduediligence(尽职调查)”．Thewayscreeningworksissimple:Any“problematic”behaviourswill

bemarkedwitharedflag.Therearelawsgoverningsuchonlinescreening.DavidErdos，headoftheCentreforIntellectualProper

tyandInformationLaw，saysthatcompaniesaresupposedtowarncandidatesbeforescreeningtheirsocialmediaandtellthemthattheyhavetherighttoholdback

permission.Somecompaniesfollowtheserules，butothersmaynot.Asfortherighttorefuse，itishardlypracticable.“Whoonearthis...going

tobethatpersonwhosays，‘Hangonaminute.I’mnothappyaboutthat？’”asksMrErdos.“Thatitselfislikelytobearedflag.”Allagreetha

tthespreadofonlinescreeningisalarming，asitissounforgiving.Peoplemaybeunableevertobefreeoftheironlinepast，say

sMrErdos.Asindeedsomefootballers，recentlypunishedforcommentsmadealmostadecadeagowhentheywerebutteenagers，

havefoundtotheircost.Thosewithintheindustrythinklawsshouldbetightened，withpunishmentforillegalact.Inthemean

time，beingverycarefulisadvisable.Intalkstouniversitystudents，MrErdoswarnsthemwhatcompanieswilldototheirsocialmediawhentheyapplyfo

rjobs.“Theyareuniversallyterrified，”hesays.Andrightly.语篇解读本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是在网络的帮助下，雇主可以更为广泛地监控和评价求职者。5．Whatcanweknowaboutonlinescreeningfrom

paragraph2?A．Itisturneddownbylargecompanies.B．Itbooststhedevelopmentofeducation.C．Itisbecomingincreasinglya

cceptable.D．Ithighlightsthewisdomofemployers.答案C解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容尤其是第二句可知，在线筛查正越来越被接受。故选C。6．Whatdoapp

licantstendtodowithonlinescreening?A．Theyrejecttheredflags.B．Theyhavetosubmittoit.C．Theywillchargethecompany.D．Theypostponecarryingit

out.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第三段中“Asfortherighttorefuse，itishardlypracticable...‘Thatitselfislikelytobearedflag.’”可推知，求职者面对在线筛查最后只能屈服。故选B。7．WhatisMrErdos’o

piniononpostingcommentsonline?A．Companiesaretolerantofit.B．Itsinfluenceishardtoerase.C．Itshouldbeunderstri

ctlaws.D．Universitystudentsarefreetodoit.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第四段中“Peoplemaybeunableevertobefreeoftheironlinepast...havefoundto

theircost.”可知，已经有足球运动员为十年前的网络言论付出了代价，由此可推断，网络言论带来的影响力很难消除。故选B。8．Whatcouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．BigEmployerIsWa

tchingYouB．FixYourEyesonOnlineScreeningC．Social­mediaChecksAreAroundtheCornerD．ChecksOnlineAretoBlameforUnemployment答案A解析标题归纳题。根据文章第一段及全文

可知，文章主要介绍的是在网络的帮助下，雇主可以更为广泛地监控和评价求职者。所以A项(大雇主在监视着你)作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。Ⅱ.完形填空Whetheritisarelaxingwalkorapowe

rone，takingawalkusuallyonlylastsasmalldurationoftime.Thiswasnotthe1forTomTurcich，though.OnApril2,2015，Tomdecidedtowalkaroundtheworldbyhimself.Itwa

sn’ta2thought.Hischildhoodfrienddied3attheageof17duetoajetskiaccident.4byhowshortlifewas，hewasfueledbyastrong5tolivee

verydaytoitsfullest.Tom’swalk6asalonejourney.Butquickly，hefoundhimselfmissing7ontheroad.Andso，whilemakingastopinAustin，Texas，he8Savannah，ar

escuepuppy.Sincethen，thepairhavebeenmakingtheirwayacrossborders，continentsandseas，925,000milesinall.Traveli

ngalwayshassomeupsanddowns.Tom10numerousunexpecteddelaysalongtheway.Hewas11duetosevereweatherinPanamaandbecameveryillinScotland.Also，

hehadno12buttowaitoutpandemiclockdownsinmanycountries.Butonthe13side，hemetmanykindpeopleand14thebeautyofnatureindifferentpartso

ftheworld.Tom15somethingfewpeoplehavesucceededin，whichhebelieveshelpedhimgainamuchlargerunderstandingof

theworld.语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了汤姆·图里奇的徒步旅行经历。1．A.caseB．routineC．reasonD．intention答案A解析根据上文“Whetheritisarelax

ingwalkorapowerone，takingawalkusuallyonlylastsasmalldurationoftime.”以及下文though可知，汤姆·图里奇的情况并非如此。thisis/wasn

otthecaseforsb意为“对某人来说并非如此”。故选A。2．A.novelB．wiseC．suddenD．simple答案C解析novel新颖的；wise聪明的；sudden突然的；simple简单的。根据下文“Hischildhoodfrienddied...to

liveeverydaytoitsfullest.”可知，这不是一个突然的想法。故选C。3．A.instantlyB．unexpectedlyC．eventuallyD．undoubtedly答案B解析instantly立即地；unexpectedly没有预料到地；eventua

lly最终地；undoubtedly毫无疑问地。根据下文“duetoajetskiaccident”可知，作者儿时的朋友在17岁时意外死亡。故选B。4．A.TornB．StruckC．ImpressedD．Inspire

d答案B解析tear撕裂；strike撞击，打击；impress使印象深刻；inspire鼓励。根据上文“Hischildhoodfrienddiedattheageof17duetoajetskiaccident.”可知，作者深受触动。故选B。5．

A.enthusiasmB．curiosityC．prideD．desire答案D解析enthusiasm热情；curiosity好奇心；pride自豪；desire愿望，渴望。根据上文“howshortlifewa

s”以及空后“toliveeverydaytoitsfullest”可知，他强烈渴望充实地过好每一天。故选D。6．A.startedB．progressedC．provedD．remained答案A解析start开始；pro

gress前进，进步；prove证明是；remain仍然是。根据空后“asalonejourney”和后文的“Butquickly...”以及“Sincethen，thepair...”可知，汤姆的步行一开始是一段孤独的旅程。故选A。7．A.neig

hborhoodB．childhoodC．companionshipD．citizenship答案C解析neighborhood邻居；childhood童年；companionship陪伴；citizenship公民身份。根据上文可

知汤姆的步行一开始是独自一人的旅程。再根据“Butquickly”可知，此句有转折意义，结合下文他收养了一只小狗，说明汤姆需要陪伴。故选C。8．A.deliveredB．spottedC．savedD．adopted答案

D解析deliver交付；spot发现；save拯救；adopt采纳，收养。根据下文“arescuepuppy”以及“Sincethen，thepairhavebeenmakingtheirway”可知，他收养了

一只狗。故选D。9．A.coveringB．measuringC．occupyingD．equaling答案A解析cover行走(一段路程)；measure测量；occupy占据；equal等于。根据空后“25,000milesinall”

可知，他们总共走了25000英里。故选A。10．A.anticipatedB．encounteredC．toleratedD．ignored答案B解析anticipate预料；encounter偶遇；tolerate忍受；ignore忽略。根据下文“Hewasdu

etosevereweatherinPanamaandbecameveryillinScotland.”可知，汤姆一路上遇到许多意想不到的耽搁。故选B。11．A.blownawayB．carriedawayC．backedupD．heldup答案D解析blowaway

吹走；carryaway拿走，带走；backup支持；holdup耽搁，举起。根据上文“unexpecteddelays”以及下文“becameveryillinScotland”可知，他被耽搁了。故选D。12．A

.responsibilityB．rightC．alternativeD．opportunity答案C解析responsibility责任；right权利；alternative可供选择的事物；opportunity机会。根据空后“buttowaitoutpandemiclockdowns”可

知，他别无选择，只能等待疫情封锁结束。故选C。13．A.roughB．invisibleC．moralD．bright答案D解析rough粗糙的；invisible看不见的；moral道德的；bright

明亮的，有希望的。根据下文“hemetmanykindpeople”可知，但好的一面是，他遇到了许多善良的人。故选D。14．A.appreciatedB．missedC．recalledD．preserved答案A解析appreciate欣赏；miss错过；reca

ll回想起；preserve保存。根据空后“thebeautyofnatureindifferentpartsoftheworld”可知，汤姆欣赏了世界各地的自然美景。故选A。15．A.discoveredB．cha

llengedC．profiledD．renewed答案B解析discover发现；challenge挑战；profile概述，扼要介绍；renew更新。根据空后“somethingfewpeoplehavesucceededin”可知，汤姆挑战了一件很少有人成功的事情。故选B。Ⅲ.语法填空Th

etraditionalChineselunarcalendardividesayearinto24solarterms.TheSpringEquinox(春分)，asthefourthtermoftheyear，startsonMarch201.endsonApril

3thisyear.TheSpringEquinoxsignalstheequal2.(long)ofthedayandnighttime.ThedayoftheSpringEquinoxis3.thesunisdirectlyabovetheequat

or.Aftertheequinox，thesunmovesnorthwards，resultingin4.(gradual)longerdaytimeintheNorthernHemisphereandlongernightintheSouthernHemisphere.Standingan

egguprightisapopulargameacrossthecountryduringtheSpringEquinox.Itisanoldcustomthat5.(date)backto4,000ye

arsago.Peoplepracticethistraditiontocelebratethecomingofspring.It6.(believe)thatifsomeonecanmaketheeggstand，hewillha

vegoodluckinthefuture.TheSpringEquinoxis7.goodtimetoflykites.Inancienttimes，peopledidnothavegoodmedicalresources.So8.(pray)for

goodhealth，theywrotetheirmedicalissuesonapaperkite.Whenthekitewas9.theair，peoplewouldcutoffthestringtoletthepaper

kitefloataway,10.(symbolize)theflyingawayofdiseases.语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“春分”这个节气以及一些相关习俗。1．答案and解析考查连词。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处

应用and连接两个并列谓语。故填and。2．答案length解析考查名词。空处作宾语，表示“长度”应用名词length，不可数。故填length。3．答案when解析考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少时间状语，应用when引导。故填when。4．答案graduall

y解析考查副词。修饰形容词longer应用副词gradually作状语。故填gradually。5．答案dates解析考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知空处为一般现在时，定语从句中关系代词that指代先行词anoldcustom，所以谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填dates

。6．答案isbelieved解析考查固定句型。表示“人们相信……”句型为Itisbelievedthat...。故填isbelieved。7．答案a解析考查冠词。time表示“时节”，此处表泛指，且good是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。8．答案topray解析考查非谓语动词

。分析句子结构可知，pray在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语应用不定式。故填topray。9．答案in解析考查介词。表示“在空中”短语为intheair。故填in。10．答案symbolizing解析考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，symbolize在句中应用非谓语动词

形式，此处与逻辑主语构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填symbolizing。