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SectionBLearningAboutLanguage必备知识基础练Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Thecompanywantedtohiresomeonewithexperience,someonewhoknowsaboutreal(房地产).答

案estate2.Tomlookedembarrassed,asifhewerea(间谍)whosecoverhadbeenblown.答案spy3.Iforgottoincludemyexperienceasan(会计)inmyresume.答案accountant4.A(贪婪的)

youngmaninhisneighbourhoodheardthenewsandwentintothecavehimself.答案greedy5.Weareaminorityandmustwinpeopleroundtothe(

正义)ofourcause.答案justice6.Hewas(指控)ofrobbingabankandwassentencedtotenyearsinprison.答案accused7.Chinaisa(社会主义的)country,

andadevelopingcountryaswell.答案socialistⅡ.短语填空makegreatcontributionsto,cometoaconclusion,ofgreatimportance,beaccusedof,bedevotedto,inspit

eof,alongwith,makethemostof1.IwillthenbasedonwhatIhavelearnt.答案cometoaconclusion2.Weallhopetomaketheacquaintan

ceofmorepeople,whichistous.答案ofgreatimportance3.Withourknowledgebasedonpractice,wecanoursociety.答案make

greatcontributionsto4.Thiscompanyusingmisleadingadvertisementsinitspromotionofthedietpillslastyear.答案wasaccusedof5.Onlywhenwere

alisetheimportanceofhelpingeachothercanwebuildingaharmonioussociety.答案bedevotedto6.Youhadbetteryourintelligencetoservethepe

ople.答案makethemostof7.thelarge-scaleconstructionofroadsandhighways,thereisstillmuchroomforimprovement.答案Inspiteo

f8.Shelostherjobwhenthefactoryclosed,hundredsofothers.答案alongwithⅢ.写出画线部分的句子成分并翻译下列长句1.Thisbookcangiveyoutheanswerstothe

questionsmostoftenaskedbyparents,teachersandstudentsthemselves.答案过去分词短语作定语。句意:这本书可以给你父母、老师和学生自己最常问的问题的答案。2.Walkingtog

ether,myfatherandIusedtohavealotofconversationsthroughwhichIlearnedlessonsfromhisexperiences.答案定语从句。句意:曾经我父亲和我走在一起时有很多对话,

通过这些对话,我从他的经历中吸取了教训。3.Theengineersaresobusythattheyhavezerotimeforoutdoorsportsactivities,eveniftheyhavetheinterest.答案让步状语从句。句意:工程师们非

常繁忙,以至于他们即使有兴趣,也没有时间去进行户外体育活动。4.Whenapersonfromoneoftheseculturesisspeakingandsuddenlystops,whatmaybeimpliedisthatth

epersonwantsthelistenertoconsiderwhathasbeensaidbeforecontinuing.答案时间状语从句。句意:当一个来自这些文化群体之一的人在讲话的时候突然停住了,可能那个人想要在继续(讲话)之前让听众去思考之前说了什么。5.Weshouldr

espectfoodandthinkaboutthepeoplewhodon’thavewhatwehavehereandtreatfoodnicely.答案宾语从句。句意:我们应该尊重食物,想想那些没有我们这里所拥有的东西的人,好好对待食物。6.John’ss

uccesshasnothingtodowithgoodluck.Itisyearsofhardworkthathasmadehimwhatheistoday.答案强调句。句意:约翰的成功与好运无关。正是多年的努力工作使他成就

了今天的自己。7.Nomatterhowcarefullyyouplanyourfinances,noonecanpredictwhentheunexpectedwillhappen.答案宾语从句。句意:无论你对自己的财务计划得多么仔细,也没有人能预测意外什么时候会发

生。8.Supposeyou’reinarush,feelingtired,notpayingattentiontoyourcomputerscreen,andyousendane-mailthatcouldgetyouintrouble.答案定语从句。句意:假设

你很忙,感到疲劳,注意力不在你的电脑屏幕上,然后你发了一封可能会使你陷入麻烦的电子邮件。关键能力提升练Ⅳ.阅读理解主题语境:人与自我语篇类型:说明文难度:★★☆☆☆WhenJohnwasgrowingup,otherkid

sfeltsorryforhim.Hisparentsalwayshadhimweedingthegarden,carryingoutthegarbageanddeliveringnewspapers.ButwhenJohnreache

dadulthood,hewasbetteroffthanhischildhoodplaymates.Hehadmorejobsatisfactionandabettermarriage,andhewashealthier.

Mostofall,hewashappier.Farhappier.Thesearethefindingsofa40-yearstudythatfollowedthelivesof456teenageboysfromBoston.Thes

tudyshowedthatthosewhohadworkedasboysenjoyedhappierandmoreproductivelivesthanthosewhohadnot.“Boyswhoworkedinthehomeorcommunityga

inedcompetenceandcametofeeltheywereworthwhilemembersofsociety,”saidGeorgeVaillant,thepsychologistwhomadethediscovery.“Andbeca

usetheyfeltgoodaboutthemselves,othersfeltgoodaboutthem.”Vaillant’sstudyfollowedthesemalesingreatdetail.Int

erviewswererepeatedatages25,31and47.UnderVaillant,theresearcherscomparedthemen’smental-healthscoreswiththeirboyhood-a

ctivityscores.Pointswereawardedforpart-timejobs,housework,effortinschool,andabilitytodealwithproblems.Thelinkbetweenwhatthemenhaddoneasboys

andhowtheyturnedoutasadultswassurprisinglysharp.Thosewhohaddonethemostboyhoodactivitiesweretwiceaslikelytohavegoodrelati

onswithawidevarietyofpeople,fivetimesaslikelytobewellpaidand16timeslesslikelytohavebeenunemployed.TheresearchersalsofoundthatIQandfamilysocialandec

onomicclassmadenorealdifferenceinhowtheboysturnedout.Working—atanyage—isimportant.Childhoodactivitieshelpachilddevelopresponsib

ility,independence,confidenceandcompetence—theunderpinnings(基础)ofemotionalhealth.Theyalsohelphimunderstandthat

peoplemustcooperateandworktowardcommongoals.Themostcompetentadultsarethosewhoknowhowtodothis.Yetworkisn’teverything.AsTolsto

yoncesaid,“Onecanlivemagnificentlyinthisworldifoneknowshowtoworkandhowtolove,toworkforthepersononelove

sandtoloveone’swork.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明,那些小时候工作过的人比那些没有工作过的人生活得更快乐、更富有成效。1.WhatdoweknowaboutJohn?A.Heenjoyedhiscareerandmarriage.B.Hehadfewc

hildhoodplaymates.C.Hereceivedlittlelovefromhisfamily.D.Hewasenviedbyothersinhischildhood.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Hehadmorejobsati

sfactionandabettermarriage,andhewashealthier.(他对工作更满意,婚姻更美满,身体更健康。)”可知,约翰喜欢他的事业和婚姻。2.WhatdoVaillant’swo

rdsinParagraph2serveas?A.Adescriptionofpersonalvaluesandsocialvalues.B.Ananalysisofhowworkwasrelatedtoco

mpetence.C.Anexampleforparents’expectationsoftheirchildren.D.Anexplanationwhysomeboysgrewintohappymen.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第二段最

后一句“Andbecausetheyfeltgoodaboutthemselves,othersfeltgoodaboutthem.(而且因为他们对自己感觉良好,其他人也对他们感觉良好。)”可以推断出,Vaillant在第二段的话解释了为什么一些男孩成长为

快乐的人。3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sharp”probablymeaninParagraph4?A.Quicktoreact.B.Havingathinedge.C.Clearandd

efinite.D.Suddenandrapid.答案C解析词义猜测题。根据下文“Thosewhohaddonethemostboyhoodactivitiesweretwiceaslikelytohavegoodrelationswithawideva

rietyofpeople,fivetimesaslikelytobewellpaidand16timeslesslikelytohavebeenunemployed.(那些在童年时期参加活动最多的人,与各种各样的人保持良好关系的可能性是其他人的两倍,获得高薪的可能

性是其他人的五倍,较不可能失业的可能性是其他人的16倍。)”可推断出,这些男性在孩童时期的行为和成年后的表现之间的联系惊人地明确。sharp的意思是“明确的”。4.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Competentadultsknowmoreab

outlovethanwork.B.Emotionalhealthisessentialtoawonderfuladultlife.C.Lovebringsmorejoytopeoplethanworkd

oes.D.Independenceisthekeytoone’ssuccess.答案B解析推理判断题。根据最后一段推断出,情感健康对美好的成年人生活至关重要。Ⅴ.七选五主题语境:人与社会语篇类型:说明文难度:★★★☆☆WanttoBeHappyatWork?CareLessAbo

utItAfriendrecentlytoldmethatshewasreadytoquitherjob,explainingtomethattherewerebigchangesatherworkplaceandnowayshecouldperformallhertasksontim

e.1Formanyofusintroverts(内向的人),ourprofessionaleffortsandresultsareareflectionofourselvesandourdedicationtoouremployer.Becausewear

en’tthesocialbutterfliesoftheoffice.Wefeelaneedtoprovetooursuperiorsthatwearesmart,hard-working,anddep

endable.Forpeoplelikemeandmyclose-to-quittingfriend,theconceptofgivinganythinglessthanourbestdoesn’t

crossourmind.2Wearedisappointedandfrustratedwhenwecan’talwaysachievethosestandards.It’sgreattomakead

ifferenceatwork,butyouhavetotakecareofyourselffirst.Puttinginslightlylesseffortintimesofhighstressdoesn’tmeanyoudon’tcareaboutyourjob.3Considerthiss

aying:Theperfectistheenemyofthegood.Whenyoureducethepressureonyourselftoattainperfection,youcanflowmorequicklyandeasilythroughyourtas

ks.4Hereismyadviceforyouwhenyoufindyourselfinthemidstofpanic.First,askyourself:what’stheworstthatwillhappeni

fImissadeadlinebyoneday?5Writedownthespecifictasksthatarecausingthefeelingsofstress.Talkitoutwithafriendorfamilymember.Youmig

htdiscoverthatthesituationisn’tashorribleasyouthought.Byapproachingyourtasksoneatatimeyoucanmakerealpro

gress.A.Wesethighstandardsforourselves.B.Itmeansyoucareaboutyourselfmore.C.Thepressureonyourselfshouldn’tbeignored.D.Youmightachievemorewhenyoucarele

ss.E.Asherfriendwho’dbeeninasimilarsituation,Iwantedtohelp.F.Next,slowdownandanalysewhat,precisely,isstressingyouout.G.Freed

omfromtheweightofperfectioncanbecreativelyliberating.答案与解析【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作者劝解要辞职的朋友,工作中要想快乐,就要少一些担心,不考虑太多,不要太过于追求工作中的完美。1.E

文章首段叙述作者的一个朋友准备辞职和辞职的原因,故E项(作为以前也有过类似处境的朋友,我想帮帮她。)符合语境。2.A下文写到“当我们不能总是达到那些标准时,我们会感到失望和沮丧”。A项(我们为自己设定了很高的标准。)符合行文逻辑。3

.B上句表示“在压力很大的时候,减少一点点努力并不意味着你不关心你的工作”,故B项(这意味着你更关心自己。)衔接上文。4.G根据上文中的信息词perfect以及perfection可知,G项符合语境。

5.F上文介绍了作者的第一条建议,故F项(下一步,放慢速度,分析一下确切来说是什么使你非常紧张。)符合行文逻辑。