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SectionBLearningAboutLanguage必备知识基础练Ⅰ.单句填空1.Themanagerhasarrangedforus(have)ameetingintheafternoon.2.ThebeautyofVeniceconsi

stslargelythestyleofitsancientbuildings.3.Hecouldhearherdog(bark)andwhininginthedistanceatthemoment.4.Afterhis

graduationfromcollege,he(assign)toworkattheforeignministry.5.(unfortunate),herworksdidnotattractmuchatt

entioninthe1930sand1940s.6.Weareverymuchinterestedinyourproducts(advertise)onChina’sForeignTrade.7.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldapprovem

y(apply)andinformmeoftheinterview.8.Thelittleboyisdirtyfromheadtofootbecausehe(play)inthemudallthemorning.Ⅱ.短语填空(be)enthusiasticabout,underhisguidan

ce,(be)proudof,inalldirections,tryourbest,workasateam,eventhough,inarudemanner1.Themorningsunrisesintheeast,sheddingitsray

s.2.Iwasverythelecture,buthisremarkonitmademedisappointed.3.MrJohnsonwasgratefulforandhisson’sremarkableperf

ormance.4.Wedecidedtotosolvetheproblem,howeverdifficultitwas.5.,theworkersfinallymanagedtosolvetheproblemaheado

fschedule.6.Organizedgamescanteachushowtoandgetalongwithothers.7.Allofuswereshockedtoheartheboytalking.8.Youhave

tolearntotakedownthekeypointsyoudon’ttakethemin.Ⅲ.句式升级1.Whatevertheresultis,weshouldacceptitwithasmile,becausewehave

triedourbest.(升级为nomatter...引导的让步状语从句),weshouldacceptitwithasmile,becausewehavetriedourbest.2.Theyspentseveralhoursmakingtheoldman

convincedofthesafetyoftravellingbyair.(升级为it作形式主语的句子)theoldmanconvincedofthesafetyoftravellingbyair.3.Afterhegraduatedfromcollege,DrYuandevotedhimse

lftotheagriculturalstudyonceandforall.(升级为介词短语),DrYuandevotedhimselftotheagriculturalstudyonceandforall.4.Theshopsaidtheywouldr

eplacethetelevisionifitwasstillunderguarantee.(升级为aslongas引导的条件状语从句)Theshopsaidtheywouldreplacethetelevis

ion.5.Althoughtheywerelivingindifferentera,theysharesomecommoncharacteristics.(升级为省略句),theysharesomecommoncharacteristics.Ⅳ.完成句子1.你的衣服满是灰尘,我想你

一直在打扫教室吧。Yourclothesarecoveredwithdust.You,Ithink.2.你看起来又瘦又累,你近来工作太辛苦了。Youlookthinandtired.Youtoohardrecently.3.这个女孩弄丢了她的钥匙,她到处找都找不到。Thegirl.Sheca

n’tfindthemanywhere.4.这个月我一直在参观中国的一些城市。IsomecitiesofChinathismonth.5.这本书我已读了两个小时了,但我还没读完。Ifortwohours,butIhaven’tf

inishedit.能力素养提升练Ⅴ.阅读理解Aperfectlypreservedwreck(沉船)thathaslainunnoticedintheicyBalticSeaforover500yearshasfinallybeenconfirmed.TheEuropeanshipwasfir

stobservedin2009,whenasonar(声呐)explorationbytheSwedishMaritimeAdministration(SMA)indicatedalargeobjectinthearea.However,itwasnot

untilearly2019thatresearchersfromSotonandMMTfoundevidenceofthesunkenshipusingunderwaterroboticcameras.Whentheteamo

bservedthepicturesofthe60-foot-longshipwreck,theyweresurprisedtodiscoveritwas99percentcomplete.Thescientistsconsideredthatthewreck’sgoodconditi

onisduetoitsplaceintheBalticSeabed,wheretheoxygenlevelsarelow.Oxygeniskeytomostoceanlife’ssurvival.Therefore,suchanenviro

nmentwheretheshipwreckstaysreducesorcompletelyremovesthecreaturesthatfeedonrottingwood.Soalthoughthisshipisc

ontemporarytothetimesofChristopherColumbus,itshowsaremarkablelevelofpreservationafter500yearsatthebottomofthesea.Dr.Pacheco-Ruiz,who

ledtheMMTeffort,said,“It’salmostlikeitsankyesterday.It’satrulyastonishingsight.”Thescientistsareunsurewhatlettheshipsink.Howe

ver,theship’sguns,whichareintheir“readytofire”positions,indicateitmayhavebeenthevictimofanavalbattle.Sincetheshipdatesback

totheearly16thcentury,historianspredictitmayhavesunkduringSweden’sthreeyearindependencewarwithitsDanishrulersbetween1521and1523.Alternatively,itc

ouldalsohavebeeninvolvedintheborderdispute(争端)betweenRussiaandSwedenfrom1554to1557.Theshipisbyfarthebest-preservedshipwreck

everfoundfromtheAgeofExploration,whenEuropeansexploredtheworldbysea.What’smoreexcitingisthattheshipissimilartothePintaandLaNin

a,whichColumbusfamouslysailedtowardNorthAmerica.Thescientists,whocontinuetoobservetheshipwreckhopetheboat’sdesignwillexposesomeofthetechnolog

iesavailabletotheItalianexplorerduringhis1492voyageofdiscovery.1.WhatscientificachievementdidSoton’sandMMT’sresearchersmake?A.Discoveringawreckusings

onar.B.Gettingthewreckoutoficywater.C.IdentifyingtheobjectfoundbySMA.D.Makingtheancientwreckwellpreserved.2.Wha

tcanwelearnabouttheplaceofthesunkenship?A.Itisgenerallyunfitforcreaturestolivein.B.Itistoughforscientiststodoresearch.C.Itcontainstoomanyh

armfulgases.D.Itisfilledwithrottingwood.3.WhatdidDr.Pacheco-Ruiz’swordsreflect?A.Hiscuriosityaboutthetimewhe

ntheshipsank.B.Hisamazementattheship’spreviousgrandness.C.Hissurpriseatthewreck’swell-preservedcondition.D.HisshockatthesinkingofthegreatE

uropeanship.4.What’sparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Thedamagetotheship.B.Thecausesoftheship’ssinking.C.Theconstructionofthe

ship.D.Thepossiblefunctionoftheship.Ⅵ.完形填空(2021·山东威海高二期末)HunterLeininger,fromGeorgia,USAhasbeenadventureracing(探险速度赛)sincehewassevenyearsold.Now,atag

e19,hehassetworldrecords,traveledaroundtheglobe,and1over50races!Andheisnowonamissionto2otheryoungpeopletofollowtheirown3.Hunterbecameinter

estedinadventureracingthroughhisdad.Whileplayingfootball,Hunterwaslookingto4somethingnew.Heaskedhisdadifheco

uld5himinanadventurerace,andhewentontocompletehisfirstraceinabout6hours.Hehaslearnedalotofperseverancethr

oughadventureracing.Therecanbealotof6inarace,butifyoudropout,yourwholeteamwillhaveto7.Thisisunlikeot

herteamsports,whereyoucanstopandbe8byanotherplayer.Inracing,andinhislife,thesporthas9Huntertokeepgoingwhentimesget10.AsreportedbytheUSARA,Hunterw

antstoinspireyoungpeoplethattheycan11incrediblethingsatwhatever12andthattheydon’thaveto13untiltheygetolder.14peopleputofftheirdreamsatayoungag

e,theytendtonevercomebacktothem,which15themneveraccomplishinganything.Thebesttimetodosomethingisnow,sogoafteryourdreamsbeforeit’stoolate

!1.A.missedB.reportedC.organizedD.completed2.A.inspireB.inviteC.adviseD.order3.A.interestsB.dreamsC.pathsD.rhythms

4.A.tryB.discoverC.createD.share5.A.helpB.meetC.accompanyD.join6.A.funB.harmC.painD.cooperation7.A.restartB.stopC.chan

geD.struggle8.A.replacedB.supportedC.encouragedD.caught9.A.requiredB.forcedC.attractedD.taught10.A.betterB.tougherC.specialD.strange11.A.accept

B.imagineC.chooseD.achieve12.A.ageB.levelC.degreeD.status13.A.waitB.practiceC.performD.compete14.A.UnlessB.AlthoughC.OnceD.Because15.

A.avoidsB.preventsC.resultsinD.objectstoⅦ.语法填空(2021·山东菏泽高二期末)Researchersbelievetheyhavefounda1.(previous)unknownkind

ofwhaleinwatersoffMexico’swesterncoast.Ifothersconfirmthefinding,thenewwhalewouldbeanimportant2.(discover)amonggia

ntanimals.Theteamofresearcherscameuponthreeunusualwhaleswhile3.(follow)araregroupofbeakedwhales(突吻鲸)onNov.17.ThewhaleswerenearM

exico’sdistantSanBenitoIslands,4.isabout500kmsouthoftheU.S.border.Beakedwhalesusuallyavoidcontactwithhumans

.Theseanimalssuddenlyappearednearthesurfacerightnexttotheboat.It’sveryraretoseeabeakedwhale,andtofindafriendlygr

oupofbeakedwhales.It’seven5.(rare).Researchersdidnotrealizetheywereseeingapossiblenewkindofwhaleuntillater.Thegroup,6.(lead)bythenon-profitSenShephe

rdConservationSociety,sawsomethingdifferentaboutthewhales’7.(tooth)whentheystudiedphotostheytookoftheanimals.Theunderwaterrecordingsofthewh

oles’callsalsosuggestedthattheyweredifferent8.allothers.Theresearchersarenowwaitingfortestresultsonwaterthey9.(collect)nearthewhales.There

couldbeskincellsinthewaterfromthewhales.Ifso,theywillexaminetheDNAtoconfirm10.thewhalesareanewspecies.答案：Ⅰ.1.tohave

2.in3.barking4.wasassigned5.Unfortunately6.advertised7.application8.hasbeenplayingⅡ.1.inalldirections2.enthusiasticabout3.proudof4.try

ourbest5.Underhisguidance6.workasateam7.inarudemanner8.eventhoughⅢ.1.Nomatterwhattheresultis2.Ittookusseveral

hourstomake3.Aftergraduatingfromcollege4.aslongasitwasstillunderguarantee5.AlthoughlivingindifferenteraⅣ.1.havebeencleaningtheclassroom2.havebeenwork

ing3.haslostherkeys4.havebeenvisiting5.havebeenreadingthisbookⅤ.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。一艘保存完好的沉船在冰冷的波罗的海沉睡了500多年,如今它终于得到了证实。文章介绍了这艘沉船保存完好的原因和沉没的原因,以及研究者的更多发现

。1.C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However,itwasnotuntilearly2019thatresearchersfromSotonandMMTfoundevidenceofthesunkenshipusingunderwaterroboticcameras.”

可知,Soton和MMT的研究人员的成就是识别出了瑞典海事管理局发现的物体。2.A推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Thescientistsconsideredthatthewreck’sgoodconditionisduetoitsplaceintheBalticSe

abed,wheretheoxygenlevelsarelow.Oxygeniskeytomostoceanlife’ssurvival.”可知,科学家们认为,沉船状况良好是因为它位于波罗的海海底,那里的氧气含量很低。氧气是大多数海洋生物生存

的关键。由此推测,沉船的地点氧气含量很低,不适合生物居住。3.C推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Dr.Pacheco-Ruiz,wholedtheMMTeffort,said,‘It’salmostlikeitsankyest

erday.It’satrulyastonishingsight.’”可知,帕切科—鲁伊斯博士的话反映了他对残骸保存完好的惊讶。4.B段落大意题。根据第四段中的“Thescientistsareunsurewhatletthe

shipsink.However,theship’sguns,whichareintheir‘readytofire’positions,indicateitmayhavebeenthevictimofanavalbattle.”可知,科学家们不确定是什么让这艘船沉没

的。然而,舰炮处于“随时准备开火”的位置,表明它可能是海战的受害者。由此可知,第四段讲述的是船沉没的原因。Ⅵ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。美国佐治亚州现19岁的亨特·莱宁格已经创造了世界纪录,环游世界,完成了50多场比赛。1.D根据“hehasse

tworldrecords,traveledaroundtheglobe”可知,他完成了(completed)50多场比赛。2.A根据下文“toinspireyoungpeoplethattheycan...”可知,他现在的使命是激励(inspire)其他年轻人追随自己的梦想。inspir

esbtodosth“激励某人做某事”。3.B根据下文“Hunterbecameinterestedinadventureracingthroughhisdad.”可知,这是他的梦想,所以此处是激励其他年轻人追随自己的梦想

(dreams)。4.A根据“somethingnew”可知,亨特想尝试(try)一些新事物。5.D根据“inanadventurerace”和“completehisfirstrace”可知,他问他的爸爸是否可以和他一起参加

(join)冒险比赛。6.C根据“butifyoudropout”中的转折含义可知,比赛中可能会有很多痛苦(pain)。7.B根据下文“Thisisunlikeotherteamsports,whereyoucanstopandbe8byanotherplayer.”可知,如果你

退出比赛,你的整个团队将不得不停止(stop)。8.A根据“byanotherplayer”可知,此处指由另一名运动员取代(replaced)。9.D根据“tokeepgoing”可知,这项运动教会了(taught)亨特坚持下去。10.B根据上文“Hehas

learnedalotofperseverancethroughadventureracing.”可知,是在困难(tougher)时期坚持下去。11.D根据“incrediblethings”可知,此处指实现(achieve)不可思议的事情。

12.A根据“theydon’thaveto13untiltheygetolder”可知,亨特希望激励年轻人可以在任何年龄(age)实现不可思议的事情。13.A根据下文“untiltheygetolder

”和“peopleputofftheirdreamsatayoungage”可知,是不必等到自己变老。14.C根据“theytendtonevercomebacktothem”可知,一旦(once)人们在

年轻的时候推迟梦想,他们往往就不会再去实现它。15.C根据“neveraccomplishinganything”可知,人们在年轻的时候推迟梦想会导致(resultsin)他们永远无法完成任何事情。Ⅶ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇

记叙文。研究人员认为他们在墨西哥西海岸海域发现了一种以前不为人知的鲸鱼,他们将检测这些鲸鱼的DNA,以确定它们是否是一个新物种。1.previously考查副词。所填的词修饰形容词unknown,所以用副词形式。2.discovery考查名词。此处泛指“一项重

要发现”,应用名词discovery的单数形式。3.following考查省略句。句子补全为whiletheywerefollowing...。4.which考查定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句,先行词是SanBenitoIslands,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,应用

关系代词which引导。5.rarer考查比较级。根据空前even可知,此处应用比较级,even放在比较级前面加强语气。6.led考查非谓语动词。句子主语Thegroup和lead之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,

应用过去分词作后置定语。7.teeth考查名词复数。此处指鲸的“牙齿”,牙齿不止一颗,应用复数形式。8.from考查介词。bedifferentfrom“与……不同”。9.collected考查动词时态。根据语境可知,此处描

述的是过去的动作,应用一般过去时。