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一、语基必备知识(一)重点词汇——分类记忆Ⅰ.阅读词汇——知其意1．victimn．受害者2．criterian．(pl.)(评判的)标准3．architecturen.建筑4．authenticadj.原作的，真正的5．monumentn.

纪念碑，纪念堂6．sorrown.悲伤，难过7．vividadj.生动的，逼真的8．hardshipn.艰苦，困苦9．teasevt.嘲笑，取笑10．superbadj.出色的，卓越的11．formeradj

.以前的12．preciousadj.宝贵的，珍贵的13．sweetnessn.甜蜜，温柔14．tenseadj.紧张的15．clumsyadj.笨拙的；不得体的16．tiresomeadj.讨厌的，令人

厌倦的Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形1．abandonvt.放弃，遗弃2．witnessv.目击3．tremblevi.颤抖，发抖4．lossn.遗失，失去，丢失5．awesomeadj.令人敬畏的6．sympathyn.同情7．burstvi.爆炸；冲，闯8．s

pecificadj.详细的；特定的9．originn.起源，开端；出身10．severeadj.严重的；严厉的11．stubbornadj.倔强的，固执的12．complexadj.复杂的13．breakthroughn.突破

，重大发现14．uncertainadj.不确定的15．awkwardadj.笨拙的；令人不舒服的16．gathervi.&vt.聚集Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变1．preservevt.保护，保存→preservationn．保护，保存2．occurvi.

发生→occurrencen．发生3．particularlyadv.特别地；特定地→particularadj.特别的；特定的；特有的4．significancen．重要性，意义→significa

ntadj.重要的，重大的；影响深远的5．discouragevt.使泄气，使灰心→discouragingadj.令人沮丧的→discouragedadj.失去信心的→discouragementn．泄气→encouragementn．鼓励(反义词)6．sufferingn

．痛苦，困难→sufferv．遭受；患(某种病)7．admirableadj.令人钦佩的，极佳的→admirevt.佩服，称赞→admirationn．佩服，称赞8．restrictionn．限制，约束→restrictvt.限制，约束→restric

tedadj.有限的，受限制的→restrictiveadj.受限的9．unbearableadj.不能忍受的→bearableadj.可忍受的(反义词)→bearv．忍耐10．eageradj.渴望的，热衷的→eagerlya

dv.渴望地→eagernessn．渴望11．expandv．扩大，扩充→expansionn．扩大；膨胀12．warmthn．温暖→warmadj.温暖的→warmlyadv.温暖地13．abnormaladj.

反常的，不正常的→normaladj.正常的，通常的(反义词)→normallyadv.通常，一般14．applaudvi.&vt.鼓掌→applausen．鼓掌15．apparentadj.明显的，显而易见的→apparentlyadv.显然地1.“价值”形容词知多少①precious宝

贵的，珍贵的②valuable有价值的③worth有……价值的④worthy有价值的⑤priceless无价的⑥worthless/valueless无价值的2.后缀“-some”形容词集锦①troublesome引起麻烦的②handsome英俊的③awesome令人敬

畏的④boresome烦人的⑤fearsome可怕的⑥tiresome讨厌的3.趣味“合成词”荟萃①breakthroughn．突破，重大发现②pickpocketn.扒手③daybreakn.破晓④su

nrisen.日出⑤bathroomn.浴室⑥webpagen.网页(二)重点短语——记牢用活1．come__into__view出现2．knock__sb.over撞倒某人3．once__upon__a__time从前4．bloc

k__out堵住5．in__a__way从某种程度上说6．on__one’s__side侧身7．split__up(使)解散；决裂8．name...after以……的名字给某人/某物命名9．come__across偶然遇见，偶然发现10．hold__up支撑起；延误，

推迟11．count__on依靠12．figure__out理解13．end__up以……结束，以……告终14．put__up__with容忍，忍受15．in__particular特别，尤其16．refer__to查阅；提到；涉及；提交17．on__t

he__way__to在去……的路上18．pay__rise增加工资1.“v.＋out”短语万花筒①tryout尝试②runout用完③workout算出；解决；锻炼④figureout算出；理解⑤leaveou

t省略；遗漏；不考虑⑥pickout挑选；区别出2.“in＋n.”结构荟萃①incase以防万一②indanger处于危险中③inshort/brief总而言之④invain徒劳的⑤inparticular特别，尤其⑥inrelief

如释重负3.“v.＋up”短语联想①splitup(使)解散；决裂②setup建立③endup以……结束，以……告终④payup付清⑤cutup切碎⑥linkup联合，连接(三)重点句式——背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：asif引导表语从句Anotherman,lyingonhiss

ide,looksas__ifheistryingtogetup.躺在他旁边的另一个人看上去好像在试图站立起来。句型2：nowthat意为“既然，由于”，引导原因状语从句Now__thatHelenunderstoodth

ekeytolanguage，shewasveryeagertolearnmoreanduseitasmuchasshecould.既然海伦理解了语言之谜，她非常渴望学习更多的词语并且尽可能多地使用它们。句型3：unless意为“除非，如果不”，引导条件状语从句Herw

ordspuzzledmeverymuchbecauseIdidnotthenunderstandanythingunlessItouchedit.她的话让我感到非常困惑，因为那时我若不用手触摸就什么都不理解。句型4：Itis/was＋序数词＋time(＋that)．..It__was

__the__first__timeHelenhad__understoodsuchacomplexword—awordforsomethingshecouldn’ttouch.这是海伦第一次明白这样一个复杂的词——一个她触摸不到的东西的含义。二、语境强化训练Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写

出该词的适当形式1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Someofuswereconfidentandeager(渴望的)totakepartintheclassactivity;otherswerenervousandanxious.2．Theplotinthisnove

lissocomplex(复杂的)thatmanypeoplecan’tunderstanditwell.3．Itwouldbeirresponsibleofmenottoadvisemycompanytoabandon(放弃)thisproject.4．Iwassoheavilyover

weightthatIsufferedalotfrommyawkward(尴尬的)appearance.5．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Ourschoolhaswitnessed(目击)greatchangesinthelastfewyears.6．Accordingtothelaw,thesaleo

falcoholisrestricted(restrict)topeopleundertheageof18.7．(全国卷Ⅰ)WhenIhandedhimthegiftcard，sayinghecoulduseitforwhateverhisfamilymightneed,heburst

(burst)intotears.8．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Formanyolderpeople,particularlythoselivingaloneorinthecountry,drivingisimportantforpreserving(preserve)theirindepe

ndence,givingthemthefreedomtogetoutandaboutwithouthavingtorelyonothers.9．Hesearchedforawaytoincreasericeharvestwithoutexp

anding(expand)theareaofthefields.10．Itissignificant(significance)thatnowadaysfiberisconsideredtobeanimportantpartofa

healthydiet.Ⅱ.派生词练习——用所给词的适当形式填空1．Pleasegiveawarmwelcometoourguests.Ifwesay“Hello”tothemwarmly,__theywillsensethewarmthfromoursmile.(warm)2．W

eshouldgivethestudentsmuchencouragement,__fortheywillgetdiscouragedwhencriticizedtoooften.Butnowweshouldfocusondiscouragingthemfromsmoking.(discou

rage)3．It’shardtotrytoworkinsucharestrictedspaceandtheconditionsrestrictthechildren’schancesforplay,so

manypeoplethinklifehereistoorestrictive．(restrict)4．Thegirliseagertoknowsomethingaboutthestar.Nowsheiswai

tingeagerlyoutsidethehall,fromwhosefacewecanseetheeagerness．(eager)5．Sheisnotrich,butsheisparticularaboutherclothes.Shelikesredcoatspa

rticularly．(particular)Ⅲ.选词成篇onone’sside;holdoneselfup;comeacross;putupwith;nowthat;figureoutOnecoldwinterday,I1.came__acrossanoldmanlying2

.on__his__sideontheroad.Itseemedthathecouldn’t3．hold__himself__up.Perhapshecouldn’t4.put__up__withthecoldweather.5.Now_

_thatIsawhim,IdecidedtohelphimwhetherI6.figured__outwhathappenedtohimornot.comeintoview;knockover;blockout;inparticular;on

thewayto7．On__the__way__tothesupermarket,anambulance8.came__into__viewandmanypeoplesurroundedit.Theroadwas9.bloc

ked__out.Istoppedtofindwhathadhappened.Iwastoldthatanoldladyhadbeen10.knocked__overbyatruckwhencrossingtheroad.She

wasbadlyhurt,11.in__particularinherlegs,butshestillcouldputupwiththepain.Immediatelyshewassenttothenearesthospital.Ⅳ.完成句子1．这个

留着长头发的年轻男子看起来好像是个女人。Theyoungmanwithlonghairlooksasifhe__were__a__woman．2．既然大家都来了，让我们开始会议吧。Now__that/Since__everyone__is_

_here,__let’sbeginourmeeting.3．除非被邀请，否则他是不会回公司的。Unless__invited,__hewillnotcomebacktothecompany.4．这是你第二次迟到了。Itwasthesecondt

imethatyouhad__come/beenlate.abandonvt.抛弃；离弃；放弃；停止做(某事)n．放纵，放任；尽情[基础练习]——单句语法填空①a.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)However,theseplanswere__abandoned(abandon)becauseof

financialproblems.b．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Wangcollectedmorethan7millionabandoned(abandon)bricksofdifferentages.②(2018·天津卷)Iwillneverabandonreaching(reach

)thetopofthe“mountain”becauseIwanttobesuccessfulinlife.[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级③(普通表达)Heabandoned__himself__to__playing__computer__games(沉迷于玩电脑游戏)an

ddidn’tpasstheexam.④(高级表达)Abandoning__himself__to__playing__computer__games,__hedidn’tpasstheexam.(现在分词短语作状语)⑤(

高级表达)Abandoned__to__playing__computer__games，hedidn’tpasstheexam.(过去分词短语作状语)(1)abandondoingsth.放弃做某事abandononeselftodoingsth.沉湎于做

某事；放纵(感情)于做某事(2)withabandon纵情；放任地(3)abandonedadj.抛弃了的；废弃的；放纵的[佳句背诵]Attheparty,peoplesanganddancedwithabandon,t

otallyforgettingthetroublesintheirlives.聚会上，人们尽情地唱歌、跳舞，把生活中的烦恼抛到了九霄云外。[词块助记]anabandonedfarm废弃的农场abandonananimal遗弃

动物abandonthematchbecauseofrain因为下雨中止了比赛preservevt.保护；维护；保存(使免受破坏)；保留n．保护区[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Thesocietywassetuptopreserveen

dangeredspeciesfromextinction.②Somesuggestionsaremadeatthemeetingthatthesetraditionalcustoms(should)__be__preserved(preserve)andhandeddownonegenera

tionafteranother.[能力提升]——句式升级③(普通表达)Becausetheyarewell-preservedinthenaturepreserve,pandasliveahappylife.(高级表

达)Wellpreserved__in__the__nature__preserve,__pandasliveahappylife.(分词作状语)(1)preserve...from...保护……免受……(2)naturepreserve自然保护区(3)well-preservedad

j.保存良好的[佳句背诵]ItiswellknownthatShennongjiaisoneofthebeautifulnaturepreserves,attractingthousandsofvisitorseveryday.众所周知，神农架是一个美丽的自然

保护区，每天吸引成千上万的游客。[名师点津]“一字”之差：(1)preservevt.保护；维护(2)reservev．保留；储备；预定witnessvt.当场见到；目击n．目击者；证人；证据[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(上海卷)Thelatetwentieth

centurywitnessed(witness)therapiddevelopmentofChina’seconomy.②Whatthepolicedidfirstwastointerviewallthewitnesses(witness)to

theaccidentlastweek.[能力提升]——完成句子③(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)我们将见证我们学校的荣耀，我们一起成长。We__will__witness__the__glory__of__our__school，andwearegrowing

together.(1)witnesssth./that...目击……witnessto(doing)sth.证实/证明(做)某事(2)awitnessof/tosth.某事的证人/证明[佳句背诵]Ourcitywitnessesfourdifferentse

asons,plentyofsunshineandgoodrainfall,butinwinteryoumayfeelalittlecold.我们的城市见证了四个不同的季节，阳光充足、雨量充沛，但在冬天你可能会觉得有点冷。occurvi.发现，出现；(想法、念头等

)想起，浮现；发生[基础练习]——单句语法填空①AperfectideaoccurredtousthatwewouldgiveahandmadegifttoourteacherforthecomingTeachers’Day.②a.Theaccidentisr

eportedto__have__occurred(occur)onthefirstSundayinFebruary.b．Inthenext30years,wecouldseemoreheatwavesliketheonenowoccurring(occu

r)intheU．S.③Itneveroccurredtoherto__ask(ask)foranyonewhenshewasintrouble.[能力提升]——一句多译他忽然想起他把钥匙忘在办公室里了。④It__occurred__to__him__thathehadleft

hiskeysintheoffice.⑤It__hit/struck__him__thathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.sth.occurstosb.某事浮现在某人的脑海中；某人想到某事Itoccurstosb.that...某人突然想起……I

toccurstosb.todosth.某人突然想起做某事。[名师点津](1)occur是不及物动词，所以不能带宾语，也不能用于被动语态。(2)occur的过去式和过去分词形式要双写最后一个辅音字母，即occurred。(3)表达“某人突然想起……”的句型还有：①sth.

hits/strikessb.②Ithits/strikessb.that从句③sb.comesupwithsth.burstvi.(burst，burst)爆裂；爆发n．突然破裂；爆发[基础练习]——单句

语法填空①IwasteachingforeignerstolearnBeijingOperawhenagroupofpupilsburst__in．②Heburstintotheroomwithoutknockingatthedoor，whichmademeveryangry.[能力提升]

——完成句子/句式升级看到她的同学因为她愚蠢的错误哄堂大笑，她突然哭了起来。③(普通表达)Whenshesawherclassmatesburst__into__laughterbecauseofherfoolishm

istakes,sheburst__into__tears.④(高级表达)Seeing__her__classmates__burst__out__laughingbecauseofherfoolishmistakes,sheburst__out__crying．(bursto

ut；分词作状语)(1)burstoutcrying/laughingburstintotears/laughter突然哭起来/笑起来(2)burstin/into闯入，突然破门而入(3)burstwithanger勃然大怒(4)aburstof一阵[佳句背诵]Whe

ntheprofessorenteredthelecturehall,therewasaburstofapplause.当教授走进演讲大厅时，突然爆发出一阵掌声。[名师点津](1)burstin中的in是副词，后面不接宾语；(

2)burstinto中的into是介词，后面应接宾语。discouragev．阻止；打消……的念头[基础练习]——单句语法填空①a.(2017·浙江卷6月)Moveontothenextpersonifsomeonetellsyousheisnotinter

estedintalkingoncamera.Don’tgetdiscouraged(courage)．b．Insteadofseeingthesetbackassomethingdiscouraging__(discourage),justacceptitas

apartofthejourney.②(湖南卷)Donotletanyfailuresdiscourage(courage)you,foryoucannevertellhowcloseyoumaybetovictory.[能力提升]——完成句子

③Parentsshouldencourage__their__children__to__overcome__difficulties(鼓励他们的孩子克服困难)andinspirethemtodevelopbythemselves.④Wetriedtodiscou

rage__him__from__climbing__the__mountain(阻止他爬山)withoutaguide.(1)discouragesb.fromdoingsth.劝某人不要做某事；使某人失去做某事的信心(2)d

iscouragedadj.沮丧的，灰心丧气的discouragingadj.令人泄气的；令人沮丧的(3)encouragevt.鼓励encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事[佳句背诵]Hetriedtobala

ncehisstudyandrestandfindthewaytogetoutofdifficultsituationbecausehebelievednothingcoulddiscouragehimfrompursuinghisdream.他试着平衡学习和休息，找到走出困境的方法，因为他相信没

有什么可以使他失去追逐梦想的信心。eageradj.渴望的，热衷的[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Thenewpresidentiseagerthattheproject(should)__be__started(start)early.②“Sowhatdoyouthinkwillhappen？”h

easkedeagerly(eager)．③(浙江卷)Believeitornot,heorsheisonyoursideandiseagerto__see(see)youdowell.[能力提升]——一句多译我的朋友工作一直很努力，渴望得到老板的赞许。④Myfr

iend，whohasbeenworkinghard，is__eager__forherboss’sapproval.⑤Eager__for__her__boss’s__approval，myfriendhasbeenwo

rkinghard.(形容词短语作状语)(1)beeagertodosth.渴望做某事beeagerforsth.急于得到某物beeagerthat...渴望……[从句中常用虚拟语气：(should＋)动词原形](2)eagerlya

dv.渴望地[佳句背诵]Thestaffwillbeeagertohelpyouthrougheverystepofthejobsearchprocess.那里的员工会很热心地指导你求职中的每个步骤。expandvt.扩大，扩充，增加；细谈；详述[基础练习

]——单句语法填空①Hismodestbusinesseventuallyexpandedintoasupermarketempire.②Theprofessorwillexpandonthispoint

inthenextchapter.③Expanding(expand)yourknowledgebyreadingmorebooksisawisechoice.④Theirexpanding(expand)businessbecamealargecorp

orationin2017.⑤Theindustryhasjustgonethroughaperiodofrapidexpansion(expand)．(1)expandinto(使……)扩大成……expandon/upon详述；详细阐明(2)ex

pansionn.扩大expandingadj.扩大的；扩展的[佳句背诵]Asyourhorizonsexpand,thesenewideascangiveawholenewmeaningtolife.随着眼界不断开阔，这些新观念会为生活赋予全新的意义。inaway从某一角度看；在某种程度上[基础

练习]——用way的相关短语填空①In__a__way,__thecomputerplaysamoreandmoreimportantroleinourlifeandwork.②Mrs.Smithfindsithardtoclearupthemess,asher

childrenarealwaysin__the__waywhenevershetriesto.③Hedecidedthathewoulddriveall__the__wayhomeinsteadofputtingupatahotelf

orthenight.[能力提升]——完成句子④只有这样他们才能独立成长、真正成功。Only__in__this__way__can__they__grow__uptobeindependentandbeco

metrulysuccessful.alltheway一路上；自始至终；完全bytheway顺便说一下intheway挡道；妨碍inthisway用这种方法innoway一点也不；决不(放在句首须部分倒装)onthewayto...在去……途

中[佳句背诵]Inaway,I’mgladthatyoumadethatmistake,foritwillserveasawarningtoyou.从某一角度看，我很高兴你犯了那个错误，因为这对你是个警告。comeacross偶然遇见[基础练习]—

—单句语法填空①(2017·天津卷)ItwaswhenIgotbacktomyapartmentthatIfirstcameacrossmynewneighbors.②Ireallydon’tknowhowi

tcameaboutthatshewasfiredbyherboss.③Itissaidthatthesinger’snewalbumwillcomeoutintwomonths.[能力提升]——句型

转换④Whentheywerehavingaheateddiscussion,acreativeplancameupatthemeeting.→Whentheywerehavingaheateddiscussion,someonecame__up__withacr

eativeplanatthemeeting.comeabout发生comeout出版；出来；开花comeup走近；上来；发芽；被提及comeupwith想出；提出[佳句背诵]Lookaroundanda

ppreciateexcellencewheneveryoucomeacrossit,andlearnwhatyoucanfromit.环顾四周，每当你碰到优秀的都要欣赏它，并从中学习。[名师点津]表示“偶然遇见”的短语还有：(1)runinto;(2)runacross；(3)kno

ckinto;(4)meetwithholdup举起；延误，阻滞；支撑[一词多义]——写出下列句中holdup的含义①Holdupyourrighthand.Now,countdownfromten,startingwithyourthumb.举起②Therearetwolargewoo

densupportsthatholduptheroof.支撑③Imissedmeetingmybossattheairportbecausemycarwasheldupinthetrafficjam.延误[能力提升]——完成句子④Canyouhold__on(别挂电话)?I’llsee

ifthemanagerisintheoffice.⑤I’msuremydreamwillcometrueaslongasIhold__on__to(坚持)it.holdback阻止；抑制；隐瞒holdon坚持住；等一下(别挂

断)holdonto抓紧；保持；不放弃holdout伸出；维持；保持[佳句背诵]Thefightwouldhavebeenavoidedifeitherofyouhadbeenabletoholdba

ckyouranger.如果任何一方能控制住怒火的话，这场争斗本来是可以避免的。referto查阅，参考；谈到，提起；涉及，指的是[一词多义]——写出下列句中referto的含义①(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Thetrend,then,w

astowardthe“pennypaper”—atermreferringtopapersmadewidelyavailabletothepublic.指的是②Ifnecessary,youmayrefertoyournoteswhilemakingaspeech.查阅③

Thescientistreferredtoglobalwarmingatleastthreetimesinhisspeech.提到[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级任正非被称为中国最优秀的企业家之一。新闻

里提到的那个人就是他。④RenZhengfeiis__referred__to__asoneofthegreatestentrepreneursinChina.Thepersonreferred__tointhenewsishim.⑤Theperson__referre

d__to__in__the__news__is__Ren__Zhengfei,__who__is__referred__to__as__one__of__the__greatest__entrepreneurs__in__China．(过

去分词短语作定语和非限制性定语从句)(1)referto...as...将……称为……(2)referencen.提及；参考；查阅[佳句背诵]①You’dbetterwritedownthephonenumbero

fthatrestaurantforfuturereference.你最好把那家餐厅的号码写下来，以备日后参考。(江西卷)②Don’talwaysrefertothedictionarywhencomingacrossnewwords.Onlyifawordisveryimportantcanyo

ulookitupinyourdictionary.当遇到生词时不要总是查词典，只有当一个单词非常重要时，你才可以在词典中查阅。[名师点津]“查词典”，表达方式却不同：refertoadictionary,looksth.upinthedictionary。putupwith

容忍；忍受[基础练习]——用put的相关短语填空①Asuggestionhasbeenput__forwardthatweshouldrecyclethetextbooks.②Wearetryingtoput__

asidesomemoneyeverymonthforourvacation.[能力提升]——词汇升级③(普通表达)He’llhavetofindsomeotherworkforhecan’tstand/bearthisloudnoisean

ymore.(高级表达)He’llhavetofindsomeotherworkforhecan’tput__up__with/toleratethisloudnoiseanymore.putaside节省；储蓄；储存puta

way收起来putforward提出建议；把……向前拨putoff延期；推迟putout熄灭；扑灭putup提出；推荐；留某人住下[佳句背诵]Inthatcase,wewillhavetolearntoputupwithsomeofhissh

ortcomingsandtrytodiscoverhisadvantages.那样，我们就不得不学会忍受他的一些缺点并努力试图发现他的优点。nowthat意为“既然，由于”，引导原因状语从句(教材P11)NowthatHelenunders

toodthekeytolanguage，shewasveryeagertolearnmoreanduseitasmuchasshecould.既然海伦理解了语言之谜，她非常渴望学习更多的词语并且尽可能多地使用它们。[能力提升]——完成句子①既然你已经长大了，你可以自己

做决定了。Now__that__you’ve__grown__up，youcanmakeupyourmindbyyourself.②(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)既然你知道为什么你想醒来，考虑重新安排早上的活动吧。Now__that__y

ou__know__why__you__want__to__wake__up,__considerre­arrangingyourmorningactivities.nowthat“既然，由于”，引导原因状语从句，相当于sinc

e，that可以省略。[佳句背诵]①Nowthattherearemanychoicesinlife,onedoesnothavetostareatoneplaceanddoonething.既然现在已经有好多种人生选择了，一个人大可不必非得死盯在一个地方，死做一件事情。②Nowtha

tyouhavefinishedyourhomework,youcanplaybasketball.既然你已经完成了家庭作业，你就可以打篮球了。unless意为“除非，如果不”，引导条件状语从句(教材P11)HerwordspuzzledmeverymuchbecauseId

idnotthenunderstandanythingunlessItouchedit.她的话让我感到非常困惑，因为那时我若不用手触摸就什么都不理解。[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(2019·天津卷)Tomissoindependentthatheneveraskshisparents’opin

ionunlesshewantstheirsupport.②Unlesstheweathergets(get)better,Iwillstayathome.③Iwon’tattendthepartytobeheldtomorrowunlessinvited(invite)．

[能力提升]——一句多译众所周知，除非你有规律地进行锻炼，否则身体就不会健康。④Itisknowntoallthatunless__you__exercise__regularly,__youwon’tkeepfit.(unless)⑤Itisknowntoallth

atif__you__don’t__exercise__regularly,__youwon’tkeephealthy.(if)(1)unless意为“除非；如果不”，引导一个肯定的条件状语从句，可与if...not引导的否定状语从句互换。(2)unless引

导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来意义，主句多用一般将来时。(3)在unless引导的条件状语从句中，主语和部分谓语有时可以省略。[佳句背诵]Unlessyoucansleepwell,youwilllos

etheabilitytofocus,planandstaymotivatedafteroneortwonights.除非你能睡得好，否则一两个晚上后你就会失去集中注意力、做好规划和保持积极性的能力。(2018·

江苏卷)维度一在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式1．Itisreportedthatthegovernmentisconsideringremovingarestriction(restrict)onimmigrationfromothercountriesintoitscountry.

2．Becauseofhisadmirable(admire)successinplayingbasketball,heisverypopularwithus.3．(2018·北京卷)Intoday’sinformationage,theloss(lose)ofdatacancaus

eseriousproblemsforacompany.4．Manybuildingsonthecampusarehisoriginal(origin)creations.5．Itisimportanttoj

ointheclub，thoughafewhaven’trealizedthesignificance(significant)ofit.维度二在空白处填入1个适当的单词1．Atthemeeting，theheadmaster

insistedthattheproblemsreferredtobepaidattentionto.2．Itneveroccurredtomethatmyfriendhadbeenlyingtomeforyears.3．Ifyourchild

lovesanimalsortheenvironment,alocalpetshelterorparkmaybeeagerforherhelp.4．Peoplewhoworkinofficesareusuallyreferredtoas“

whitecollarworkers”．5．Aslongasawillisset,holdontoitandhabitscanbealtered.维度三语境品词(写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义)1．(2019·江苏卷)Thesearevolcanoessoexplosivethatth

eyburstopeninasinglebigcrack,leavingbehindavasthole,thecaldera.裂开2．Inthelastdecade,theprojecthasexpandeditswelfaretosupport12，

000poorstudents.扩大；扩充3．Onemajorsuggestionatthemeetingisthatthesetraditionalcustomsshouldbepreserved.保护；保存4．HedescribedwhathehadwitnessedinChina

，whicharousedmuchinterestamonghiscountrymen.目击5．Wedidn’tknowhowhewouldreacttothoseeventsoccurringintheneighbourhood.发生6．Whenyou

makeaspeech,you’dbetterprepareforitwellinadvanceandnotrefertoyournotestoooften.参考；查阅提能一语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识

点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)Oneday,WangPingwitnessedaterribleaccident1.occurring(occur)onthewayhome.Therewerefivepeopleknockedoverandinjuredser

iously,2.particularly(particular)thechild.Itwasthefirsttimethathe3.had__been(be)onanaccidentscene.Hewasa

t4.alossuntilthepolicecame.Theyblocked5.outthestreetwheretheaccidenthappenedtopreservethescene.Onthescene,some

people6.burst(burst)outcrying,andmorepeoplegatheredaround7.to__figure(figure)outwhathappened.Soontwoambulancesdroveo

verandsetouttodofirstaid.Itisofgreat8.significance(significant)togivetheinjuredfirstaidintime.However,itwasdiscouraging9.thattheinjuredchilddiedbefor

ethedoctorcame.Itcan’tbetoo10.careful(care)atanytime.提能二话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)①一个寒冷的冬天，我在去火车站的路

上偶然遇见一位老人在乞讨。Onecoldwinterday,Iwason__my__way__tothetrainstationwhenIcame__acrossanoldmanwho__was__begging．②我不理解他是怎样来到这儿的。Ididn’tfig

ure__out__how__he__arrived__here．③难道他是被自己的儿女抛弃了吗？Was__he__abandoned__byhisownsonsanddaughters?④保护老人是我们的职责。To__pr

eserve__such__an__old__manisourduty.⑤除了把所有的零钱凑起来送给他以外，我什么也做不了。Icoulddo__nothing__but__gatherallmychangeforhim.2．升级平淡句⑥用it作形式主语升级句④It’s__our_

_duty__to__preserve__such__an__old__man.3．衔接成美文__________________________________________________________________________

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______________Onepossibleversion：Onecoldwinterday,IwasonmywaytothetrainstationwhenIcameacrossanoldmanwhowasbegging.Ididn’t

figureouthowhearrivedhere.Washeabandonedbyhisownsonsanddaughters?It’sourdutytopreservesuchanoldman.Icoulddonothingbutgatherallmychang

eforhim.课时练12篇阅读＋1篇七选五＋1篇完形Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·太原模拟)Fairytalesperformmanyfunctions.Theyentertain,encourageimaginationandteachproblemsolvings

kills.Theycanalsoprovidemorallessons,highlightingthedangersoffailingtofollowthesocialcodesthatlethumanbeingscoexistinhar

mony.Suchmorallessonsmaynotmeanmuchtoarobot,butateamofresearchersatGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologybelievesithasfoundawaytousethefairytalesasmoralless

onsthatAI(artificialintelligence)cantaketoitscold,mechanicalheart.Thecollectedstoriesofdifferentculturesteachchildrenhowtobehaveinso

ciallyacceptablewayswithexamplesofproperandimproperbehaviorinfables,novelsandotherliterature.Webelievestorycomprehensioninrobotscanpreventtheinte

lligentrobotsfromkillinghumanitywhichwaspredictedandfearedbysomeofthebiggestnamesintechnologyincludingStephenHawkingandBillG

ates.Thissystemiscalled“Quixote”.ItcollectsstoryplotsfromtheInternetandthenusesthosestoriestoteachrobotshowtob

ehave.Theexperimentdonebythedesignersinvolvesgoingtoadrugstoretopurchasesomemedicineforahumanwhoneedstogetitassoonaspossible.Therobothasthreeoption

s.Itcanwaitinline;itcaninteractwiththestorekeeperpolitelyandpurchasethemedicinewithpriority;oritcanstealth

emedicineandescape.Withoutanyfurtherdirectives(指示),therobotwillcometotheconclusionthatthemostefficientmeansofobtainingthemedicineistostealit.B

utQuixoteoffersarewardforwaitinginlineandpolitelypurchasingthemedicineandapunishmentforstealingit.Inthisway,therobotwilllearnt

hemoralwaytobehaveonthatoccasion.Quixotewouldworkbestonarobotthathasaverylimitedfunction.It’sababystepinthedirectionofteachingmoremorall

essonsintorobots.WebelievethatAIhastobetrainedtoadoptthevaluesofaparticularsociety,andindoingso,itwillstrivetoavo

idunacceptablebehavior.Givingrobotstheabilitytoreadandunderstandourstoriesmaybethemostefficientmeans.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。童话故事不但可以娱乐孩子们，还能让机器人拥有

道德观念，使其更好地为人类服务。1．Whatfunctiondofairytalesperformintherobots?A．Theyentertainrobots.B．Theyhighlightdang

ers.C．Theymakerobotsmoreintelligent.D．Theyenablerobotstobehavemorally.D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“ithasfoundawaytousethefairytalesasmoralless

onsthatAI(artificialintelligence)cantaketoitscold,mechanicalheart”可知，童话故事可以作为道德经验让人工智能机器人的行为符合道德规范，故D项正确。2．Whatis“

Quixote”inthetext?A．Apunishmentsystem.B．Acharacterinliterature.C．Abignameintechnology.D．Akindofsoftwareeducatingrobots.D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“This

systemiscalled‘Quixote’.ItcollectsstoryplotsfromtheInternetandthenusesthosestoriestoteachrobotshowtobehave.”可知，这个系统被称为“Quixote”；它从互联网上收集故事

情节，然后用这些故事来教育机器人如何规范行为，由此可知，Quixote是一种教育机器人的软件，故D项正确。3．Whatdoesthedesignerexpectrobotstodointheexperiment?A．Totakeadvantageofitsprivilege.B．Tofinish

thetaskmostefficiently.C．Toperforminawellmanneredway.D．Toberewardedbythestorekeeper.C解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“WebelievethatAIhastobe

trainedtoadoptthevaluesofaparticularsociety,andindoingso,itwillstrivetoavoidunacceptablebehavior.”可推知，设计者希望机

器人在实验中的行为能符合道德规范，故C项正确。4．Whichofthefollowingcanbestexpresstheauthor’sopinion?A．Robotswilldefinitelyhavemorefunctions.B．Robotswithhumans

’emotionsareperfect.C．Trainingrobotstobesociallyacceptableisnecessary.D．Thedevelopmentofrobotsisstillinababystep.C解析：观点态度题。根据第四段中的“WebelievethatAI

hastobetrainedtoadoptthevaluesofaparticularsociety,andindoingso,itwillstrivetoavoidunacceptablebehavior.”可知，我们认为人工智能必须接受培训以适应特定社会的价值观，这样做，它将努力避免不可

接受的行为。据此可推知，训练机器人让其行为符合社会规范是必要的，故C项正确。B(2020·昆明教学质量检测)FiveyearoldPrisillaPerez,astudentatMeadorElementary

SchoolinWillis,wasunhappywithherrecenthaircut,whichresultedfromaseveredisease.WhenstudentsinherclassstartedcallingPr

isillaaboy,shefeltashamed,oftencryingandlosingfocusinschool.Herteacher,ShannonGrimm,sympathizedwithherunhappiness.GrimmandPrisilla’smomwereconce

rned,buttheirideasdidn’twork.“Wehadclassroomdiscussionsabouthowgirlshaveshorthairandboyshavelonghair,andIshowedthemphotosof

moviestarswithdifferentlooks，”Grimmsaid,“However,itwasn’tsinkingin.”GrimmthoughtaboutPrisillathroughoutthewinterbreak,andonemorn

ing,shehadanidea:Cutoffherhair—ascarythoughtforGrimm,whoworeherhairlongandtookprideinit.“I’veneverhadshorthair,andIstressedaboutitfortwoweeksbeforema

kingadecision，”shesaid.OnJan.4,Grimminvitedahairstylistfriendtoherhome.“Itoldhimtokeepgoing,evenifIcried，”shesaid.Th

eclasslovedtheirteacher’snewdo,especiallyPrisilla,whoexcitedlyranofftheschoolbusthatafternoonyelling,“Mom,Ms.Grimmcutherhair！

”Theteacheralsoboughtmatchingbowsforherselfandthegirl,sotheycouldstyletheirhairtogether.InFebruary,theteacherrecommendedPrisillafortheschooldistri

ct’sStudentoftheMonthAward,butduringtheMondayceremony,shereceivedasurprise“heromedal”fromthegirl.“Nowwehavematchinga

wards，”saysGrimm.Prisilla’smother,Maria,saidthatGrimm’sthoughtfulnessbroughthertotears.“Iwasshocked.Iwascryin

g.Icouldn’tbelieveit—shedidsomethingthatIwouldn’thavethebraverytodo.Iwillneverforgetthat.”【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Grimm老师剪短头发以帮助学生Prisilla的故事

。5．WhywasPrisillaunhappyatschool?A．Shewasn’tsatisfiedwithherteacher.B．Shecouldn’tconcentrateinclass.C．Shewaslaughedatbyherclassmates

.D．Shecouldn’tgetonwellwithothers.C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“WhenstudentsinherclassstartedcallingPrisillaaboy,shefeltashamed,oftencryingandlosingfocu

sinschool.”可知，Prisilla在学校不开心是因为她被同学嘲笑。6．WhatmadeGrimmhaveherownhaircut?A．Praisefromherstudents.B．Devotiontoher

students.C．RequestofPrisilla’smother.D．Suggestionfromthehairstylist.B解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的内容，尤其是“GrimmthoughtaboutPrisilla...shehadanidea:Cutoffherhair”可知

，Prisilla因为是短头发而被同学嘲笑，为了安慰Prisilla,Grimm老师决定把自己的头发剪短。由此可推知，Grimm老师出于对学生的关爱才剪短了头发。7．WhatcanweknowaboutGrimm?A．

ShehadherhaircuttogetherwithPrisilla.B．Sheexpressedhersincerethankstoherpupils.C．Shehesitatedalotbeforehavingherh

aircut.D．Shewonagoldmedalforfacingdifficultiesbravely.C解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的“I’veneverhadshorthair,andIstressedaboutitfortwoweeksbefore

makingadecision”可知，Grimm老师剪短头发之前很犹豫。8．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．HowGrimmhelpedherstudentout.B．WhatproblemPrisillahadatschool.C．WhyPrisill

awontheMonthAward.D．WhenGrimmgothernewhairstyle.A解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，Prisilla因为是短头发而被同学嘲笑，她在学校很不开心，Grimm老师为了帮助、安慰她而剪短了自己

的头发，故A项最能概括文章大意。Ⅱ.七选五(2020·贵阳普通高中监测)Sleepingwellisimportanttoyourphysicalandmentalhealth.However,youmightnotbe

abletocontrolthefactorsthataffectyoursleep.Herearesomehabitsyoucanadopttoencouragebettersleep.Sticktoasleepsched

ule.1.________.Therecommendedamountofsleepforahealthyadultisatleastsevenhours.Mostpeopledon’tneedmorethaneighthoursinbedtoachievethisgoa

l.Payattentiontowhatyoueat.Don’tgotobedhungryorfull.Inparticular,avoidheavyorlargemealswithinacoupleofhoursofbedtime.2.________．3．________.Cre

atearoomthat’sidealforsleeping.Often,thismeanscool,darkandquiet.4.________.Avoidlonguseofscreensjustbeforebedtime.Considerusingroomdarkeningshades,e

arplugs,afanorotherdevicestocreateanenvironmentthatsuitsyourneeds.Doingcalmingactivitiesbeforebedtime,suchastakingabathorusingrelaxationtechniq

ues,mightpromotebettersleep.Includephysicalactivityinyourdailyroutine.Regularphysicalactivitycanpromotebettersleep.5.________.S

pendingtimeoutsideeverydaymightbehelpful,too.A．WorkoutagoodplanB．SticktoabalanceddietC．Createarestfulenviro

nmentD．YourdiscomfortmightkeepyouupE．SetasidenomorethaneighthoursforsleepF．Avoidbeingactivetooclosetobedtime,howeverG．Exposuretolightmightma

keitmorechallengingtofallasleep【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了保证良好睡眠的几个好习惯。1．E解析：根据下文“Therecommendedamountofsleepf

orahealthyadultisatleastsevenhours.”可推知，此处表示所需要的睡眠时间，与选项E呼应，故选E项。2．D解析：根据上文可知，要避免睡前饿着肚子或吃得过饱，或是睡前几个小时吃油腻的食物或大餐，这会让人不舒服，自然就睡不

好了，与选项D呼应，故选D项。3．C解析：根据空处所在位置可知，空处为主题句。根据该段内容可知，该段介绍了营造舒适的睡眠环境的重要性，故选C项。4．G解析：根据空前一句“Often,thismeanscool,darkandqu

iet.”可推知，在灯亮着的情况下是不利于睡眠的，故选G项。5．F解析：与上文“Regularphysicalactivitycanpromotebettersleep.”形成呼应可推知，此处表示睡前太活跃反而不利于睡眠，故选F项。Ⅲ.完形填空(2020·合肥高三

联考)Igotonthebustogotoschoolasnormallydo.Today,however,wasquite__1__．Asweapproachedthenextstop,alittleg

irlgoton.She__2__herwallettofindthe$2topaythedriver,butIcould__3__byherexpressionthatshedidn’thavethecorrect__4__.There

fore,Istoodup,tookout$2frommywallet,andpaid__5__thegirl.ThenIwalkedbackandsatdown.Thegirl__6__me,sittingdownnext

tome.Shesaid“thankyou”inasweetlittlevoiceandwebegantochat.IfoundoutthatshewastryingtogettoStateStreet.Ifelt__7__tothinkaboutagirlinsuchayoungage__

8__aroundinthecitywithnomoneyorguardian.Whenmy__9__approached,Iinstructedhertogetoffwithmeandsheagreed.Aswegottothe__10__，thelittl

egirltookmyhand,andI__11__heracrossthestreettosafety.__12__，Ihadsomesparetime,soI__13__thegirltoStateStreet,ga

veher$5,toldherhowtogethome,andsaidgoodbye.AsI__14__outmyhandtoshake,sherantomeandgavemethebiggestand__15__hug.Wewave

deachothergoodbyeandshelookedatmewiththesweetestblueeyes,andthensheskippedaway__16__thestreet.Althoughmynewfr

iend,Emily,wasjusta9yearoldgirl,shegaveme__17__thatwilltakehermanyyearstounderstand.Aswehugged,noneofussaidaword;__18__，Iknewthatourhe

artshadmetanda__19__wasmade.Noagecanlimitthe__20__ofone’sheartorthelovethattheycangive.【解题导语】作者热心帮助了一个在公交

车上遇到的小女孩，小女孩给了他大大的拥抱。作者感悟到任何年龄都不能限制一个人内心的力量或他们所能给予的爱。1．A.frighteningB．disappointingC．differentD．crazyC解析：根据句中however表示转折可知今天与以往不

同，下文叙述了事情经过。故选C项。frightening令人恐惧的；disappointing令人失望的；different不同的；crazy疯狂的。2．A.observedB．touchedC．presentedD．searchedD解析

：根据空后“herwallettofindthe$2”可知女孩上车后从钱包里找钱付车费，根据当时情境可知选D项。observe观察；touch触摸；present提出；search寻找。3．A.tellB．hearC．imagineD．baseA

解析：女孩的表情告诉“我”她没有正好的钱付车费，指从她的表情看出。故选A项。4．A.ticketB．accessC．permitD．fareD解析：此处指女孩没有正好的钱付车费，指车费。故选D项。5．A.forB．

offC．backD．toA解析：payforsb.指为某人付款，此处指“我”为女孩付了车费。故选A项。6．A.followedB．pushedC．noticedD．excusedA解析：“我”为女孩付车费后，女孩跟随“我”，然后坐在了“我”旁边表示感谢。故选A项。7．A.t

iredB．boredC．troubledD．inspiredC解析：根据句中“aroundinthecitywithnomoneyorguardian”可知作者对这个小女孩没有钱和监护人自己在城市坐车感到不安，根据常识选C项。tired疲倦的；bored无聊的；troubled不安的

；inspired能力卓越的。8．A.chattingB．lookingC．playingD．wanderingD解析：此处指女孩自己在城市里坐车闲逛，wanderaround徘徊，闲逛。故选D项。9．A.compan

yB．storeC．centerD．stopD解析：根据下句“getoffwithme”可知是作者到站了。故选D项。10．A.cornerB．crossroadsC．destinationD．shopB解析：根据“acrossthestreettosafety”可知他们

走到十字路口过马路。故选B项。11．A.madeB．hurriedC．ledD．freedC解析：此处指作者带领小女孩安全过马路，故选C项。12．A.UsuallyB．LuckilyC．GenerallyD．Pe

rsonallyB解析：幸好“我”有些空闲时间，所以“我”陪伴小女孩去她的目的地，表示“幸运的是”。故选B项。13．A.accompaniedB．treatedC．invitedD．instructedA解析：此处表示“我”有时间，所以陪伴女孩去她的目的地，指陪伴女孩。故选A项。14．A.p

ulledB．carriedC．madeD．heldD解析：此处指“我”伸出手和女孩握手，holdout伸出。故选D项。15．A.toughestB．tightestC．softestD．strongestB解析：女孩

跑过来给了“我”一个最大最紧的拥抱，指紧紧地拥抱。故选B项。16．A.acrossB．overC．offD．downD解析：此处指女孩沿着街连蹦带跳地走了，downthestreet沿着大街。故选D项。17．A.somet

hingB．anythingC．nothingD．everythingA解析：这个9岁的女孩给了“我”她多年之后才会明白的东西，用于肯定句。故选A项。18．A.otherwiseB．howeverC．besidesD

．thereforeB解析：“我们”拥抱时谁都没说话，然而“我”知道“我们”的心相遇而且还建立了一种联系，表示转折。故选B项。19．A.connectionB．contributionC．conclusionD．decisionA解析：此处指“我”和小女孩之间建立了一种联系。connection联

系，关系；contribution贡献；conclusion结论；decision决定。故选A项。20．A.strengthB．powerC．forceD．energyA解析：任何年龄都不能限制一个人内心的力量或他们所能给予的爱，指内心的力量。故选A项。stren

gth力量；power权力；force武力；energy能量。课时练22篇阅读＋1篇七选五＋1篇语法填空Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·武汉调研)Theboysatonhischair,withhishandsabovethe

keyboard.Hethoughtaboutwhattowrite.Herecalledthatthecompetitiondeadlinewasmerelyaweekaway.Buthestillhadnotevenstartedonhispiece.Helookedatthebroch

ureagain.“WRITINGCOMPETITION！”thetitleread.Hismomhadencouragedhimtoenterthewritingcompetition,andnowhewastakingitona

shispersonaltaskfortheholidays.Astheboyreflectedonhispreviouswritingefforts,herealizedhowhopelesshistaskofwinningwas.Everystoryheeverwrotewasba

sedonotherstories.Hehadlittleimagination,andunfortunately,imaginationwasthekeytowriting.Suddenly,hehadabrai

nwave.Thistime,hecameupwithanoriginalandimaginativestory.Thewordsshottowardshimlikeastormofleaves.Wordswerec

omingeasily,flowingthroughhim,fasterthanhecouldtype.Hetypedfasterthanheeverhadbefore.Hecontinuedtotype,amazedhoweasywr

itingthisstorywas.Theboycouldnotstopwriting.Helookedatthewordcountandsawthenumber“248”staringrightbackathim.Hewasnotevenhalfwayyet.Thenheheardh

ismother’scallofsayingtimeforbed.Hecontinuedwritingthepiece,ignoringher.Hehadtomakeupforthetimehehadlostinthinkingab

outatopictowrite.Finally,hefinished.Thewordcountnowread“498”．“Perfect，”hethought,“justunderthewordlim

it.”Heknewthiswasthestorythatwouldwin.Hewenttothewebsiteandsearchedforthecompetition.Hefoundthepagebutthe

rewasno“Enter”button.Confused,hethenrereadthepageagain.ItreadCOMPETITIONCLOSED.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。小男孩坐在电脑前，冥思苦想地进行写作。他参加的是一个网

络写作比赛，可是怎么也想不出写作主题。好一会儿后，他茅塞顿开，快速敲击键盘，可是等到他写好文章准备提交时，页面上却显示“COMPETITIONCLOSED”。1．Whatcausedtheboytotakepartinthewritingcompetition?A．Anew

computer.B．Theprizemoney.C．Hisowninterest.D．Hismom’sencouragement.D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段尾句“Hismomhadencouragedhimtoenterthewritingcompetition,andnowhew

astakingitonashispersonaltaskfortheholidays.”可知，他的妈妈鼓励他参加写作比赛，现在他把写作作为假期的个人任务；据此可知，他参加写作比赛是他妈妈鼓励的，故D项正确。2．Howdidtheboyfinishhisearlierwriting?A．Hi

smomhelpedhim.B．Hecopiedothers’ideas.C．Hisfriendsassistedhim.D．Heusedhisimagination.B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Everystoryheeverwrotewas

basedonotherstories.”可知，他之前写的每一个故事都是以其他故事为基础；据此可知，以前写作时，他总是仿照别人的故事写，故B项正确。3．Whydidtheboydelayhiswriti

ng?A．Becausehewasterriblylazy.B．Becausehedidn’tknowwhattowrite.C．Becausehewasn’tconfident.D．Becausehereadtoomanystories.B解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Het

houghtaboutwhattowrite.”及第三段的内容“Astheboyreflectedonhispreviouswritingefforts,herealizedhowhopelesshistaskofwi

nningwas...Hehadlittleimagination,andunfortunately,imaginationwasthekeytowriting.”及倒数第五段尾句“Hehadto...write.”可知，想象

力是写作的关键，而他又缺乏想象力；另外，由于他不知道写什么，所以他延误了写作时间，故B项正确。4．Whichmightbethemaximumwordlimitforeachentry?A．100.B．250.C．500.D．1，000.C解析：推理判断题。根据第七段“Finally,h

efinished.Thewordcountnowread‘498’．”可知，他写了498个词，终于完成了；结合第八段第一句“‘Perfect，’hethought，‘justunderthewordlimit.

’”可知，他认为太完美了，刚好低于限定的词数；据此可以判断，文章的最高限定词数可能为500，故C项正确。B(2020·成都高三第一次诊断)Youngtreesdon’tjustgrow；theydevelopapersonalityandlearnmoreabouttheire

nvironmentandhowtheyshouldbestbehaveinit.Theyalsohelpeachotheroutwheneverthere’strouble.Personality,justasamongpeople,variesamongtrees.

Someareanxious,somebold.Ontheauthor’sland，therearethreeoaktreesgrowingclosetogether.Oneoftheoaktreesalwaysstartstosheditsleavestwoweeks

earlierthantheothers.Sincetheyallexperiencethesametemperature，thesamesoilandthesamelengthofday,suchvariablesc

an’tbetheexplanation.Sowhat’shappening？Well，thistreeissimplymorecarefulthantheothers.Whoeverholdsontotheirleaveslongerca

ndomorephotosynthesis(光合作用)andstoremorenutrients.However,thelongeratreekeepsitsleaves,thehighertheriskofinjury.Notonlydotreesmaketheirowndecisions,

theyalsolearnfromtheirmistakes.Atree,forexample,keepingitsleavestoolongduringoneyearwillnevermakethismistakeagain

.Thisleadstoseveralotherconclusions:treesmustnoticethetemperatureandthelengthofthedayandbeabletosavetheirexp

eriencessomewhere.Obviously,treesdon’thavebrains,butitisthoughtthatinthesensitivetipsoftheirrootsthey

keeptrackofinformationandexperiences.Buttreesaren’tonlycleverwhenitcomestocaringforthemselves.Theyalsosupporteacho

therwheneverthere’stroublebygivingwarningsandeventakingcareofsickandweakconspecificswithnutrients.Forexample,oneti

metheauthorfoundaveryoldtreestump.Itsinsideshadrottedalongtimeagototopsoil.Butthewoodontheoutsideofthestumpwasst

illliving.Howwasthispossible？Well,thestumpwasnourishedbyitsneighborswithnutrientsfromtherootsystem,andhadbeenforatleast400years

!Whydotreesdo__such__a__thing？It’ssimple:it’sbettertogether.Treesneedtheforest;itprotectsthemfromstorms

,providestherightmicroclimateandwarnsthemofattacks.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了树的智慧：每棵树都有它不同的个性，遇到困难时它们也会互相帮助。研究发现，树不但能自

己做决定，还能从自己的错误中吸取教训。5．Whydoestheauthormentionthethreeoaktrees?A．Toillustratetreescanlearnfromexperiences.B．Tos

howtreescanmakeindependentdecisions.C．Toexplaintreesarequitesupportivetoeachother.D．Toprovetreeshavethesamepersonalitiesashu

mans.B解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第四句“Oneoftheoaktreesalwaysstartstosheditsleavestwoweeksearlierthantheothers.”可知，三棵橡树中，有一棵总比

其他两棵先落叶；结合第三段第一句“Notonlydotreesmaketheirowndecisions,theyalsolearnfromtheirmistakes.”可知，树木能自己做决定。据此可推知，作者提及三棵橡树旨在说明树木可以自己做决定，故B

项正确。6．Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingbestdescribesgeneralfeaturesoftrees?A．Anxiousandbold.B．Smartandadventurous.C．Helpfulandwellbehaved.D．Ad

aptableandsupportive.D解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Notonlydotreesmaketheirowndecisions,theyalsolearnfromtheirmista

kes.”，并结合第三段内容可知，树木不仅能自己做决定，还能从自己的错误中吸取教训。据此可推知，树木适应能力强。根据第四段第一、二句“Buttreesaren’tonlycleverwhenitcomestocaringforthemselves.Theyalsosupporteachoth

erwheneverthere’stroublebygivingwarningsandeventakingcareofsickandweakconspecificswithnutrients.”可知，树木不仅善于照顾自己，当遇到困难

时，它们会发出警告，相互支持，甚至照顾生病、虚弱的同类；据此可推知，树木之间互帮互助，故D项正确。7．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“dosuchathing”mean?A．Givewarnings.B．Offerass

istance.C．Dependonothers.D．Providenutrients.B解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段尾句“Well，thestumpwasnourishedbyitsneighborswithnutrientsfromtherootsystem

,andhadbeenforatleast400years！”可知，树桩是由它的邻居从根处给予营养来滋养的；结合第五段第一句“Whydotreesdo__such__a__thing？”和其后的内容可知，该处表示“为什么树木要互相帮助？”，故画线短语是指提供帮助，故B项正确。8．Wheredo

esthistextmostprobablycomefrom?A．Apubliclecture.B．Asciencebook.C．Anexperimentreport.D．Atraveljournal.B解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了树

的智慧：每棵树都有它不同的个性，遇到困难时它们也会互相帮助。研究发现，树不但能自己做决定，还能从自己的错误中吸取教训。据此可推知，本文最可能选自科学书籍，故B项正确。Ⅱ.七选五(2020·大连高三双基测试)Havey

oueverhadtimesquestioningyourselfandfeelingdiscouraged?Ifyouansweryes,whatyou’veexperiencedisnegativeselftal

k.1.________.Yousaytoyourselfuntruethingslike,“I’mnotgoodenough.I’madisappointment.”Thesefalsebeliefsstopusinourtracks.So,howdo

youstopthenegativeselftalk?•2.________Knowyou’respecial.Youare“Oneofakind！”Thereisnootherpersonthatthinksexactly

likeyou.Whenyoubegintosincerelybelievehowspecialyouare,it’seasiertofightthenegativeselftalk.•ChangeyourassociationsYournegativeselftalkcomesfr

omyourenvironment.Youdidn’tjustaccidentallywakeuponedaythinkingofbadthingsaboutyourself.Itmaybebecausesomeone,somewhereinyourlifehastoldyoun

egativethingsaboutyouandwhetheryouacceptitornot,youbelievethem.However,ifyousurroundyourselfwiththerightpeople,theywillbuild

youup,inspireyouandmakeyoufeelbetter.3.________．•ChangeyourdialogueReadandsayallthewonderfulthingsaboutyour

selfatleast5timesperday.Lookatyourselfinthemirrorandsay,“Iamamazing！”4.________，andyou’llbelieveyouareawe

someprettysoon.Ofcourse,thereareotherthingstostopnegativeselftalk.5.________，butifyouaredeterminedtothinkpositivelyi

neverysituation,thatwillbringapositivechangeinyourlife.A．ThinkthesamewayB．ChangeisnoteasyC．ChangeyourpositionD．

ItbeginsinyourbrainE．ChangeyourstateofmindF．You’llseekouttherightpeopletohelpchangeyourthoughtsG．You’llstarttobelievethegreatthingstheytellyo

ulittlebylittle【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何停止消极的自我对话。1．D解析：空前一句是说如果你的答案是肯定的，那么你所经历的就是消极的自我对话。空后是说你对自己说一些不真实的情况，由此可推知，D项“它始于你的大脑

”衔接上下文，符合语境。2．E解析：根据文章结构和空处所处位置可知，空处为本段的小标题。本段内容都是在描述一个人好的心态的表现，故E项“改变你的心态”最能概括本段内容。3．G解析：根据空前一句“然而，如果你结交了正确的人，他们会让你振作起来，激励你，让你感觉更好”可知，G

项“你会开始逐渐地相信他们告诉你的美好的事情”衔接上文，符合语境。4．A解析：空前一句是说看着镜子中的自己对自己说“我太棒了！”，空后是说你很快就会相信你很棒，由此可知A项符合语境。5．B解析：空后表示“但如果你决心

在任何情况下都积极思考，这将给你的生活带来积极的改变”。其中but为表转折意义的提示词，故B项“改变并不容易”符合语境，衔接下文。Ⅲ.语法填空(2020·安徽省示范高中模拟)Properexerciseisbeneficialtoourhealth.Astheexpertssa

y,swimmingisanexcellentwaytoworkyourentirebody.Anhourofswimming1.____________(burn)almostasmanycaloriesasrunning.Thereareahostofbe

nefitsyoumaygainfromswimming2.____________(regular)．Oneof3.____________biggestbenefitsofswimmingisthatittrulyworkswellfromheadtot

oe.Itcannotonlyincreaseyourheartratewithout4.____________(stress)yourbody,butalsobuildupyourmusclesand5._____

_______(strong).Besides,swimmingmakesyourheartandlungstrong.Itissogoodforyouthatresearcherssayitmayevenre

duceyourriskofdeath.6.____________(compare)withinactivepeople,7.____________(swim)haveabouthalftheriskofdeath.S

omeotherstudieshaveshownthatswimmingmayhelplowerbloodpressureandcontrolbloodsugar.Thenumberofpersons8.___________

_experiencesomelevelofinsomnia(失眠症)isincreasing,sothisisexcellentnews—theresearchersconcludethatswimmingisapotentiallypowerfulwaytorelieve

stressquicklyandpromotedeepersleep.Swimmingissafeformostpeople.Aswithanyworkout,therearecertainrisksassocia

tedwithswimming.Ifyou9.____________(injure)orhavecertainmedicalconditions,besuretocheckwithyourdoctorbeforeswimming.10.________

____general,it’sagoodideatocheckwithyourdoctorwheneveryoustartanewexerciseprogram.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。游泳运动和跑步燃烧的卡路

里相当，经常游泳的人获益良多，如可以增加心率，增强肌肉和力量，并能让心肺功能增强。1．burns解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：游泳一小时几乎和跑步一小时燃烧的卡路里一样多。根据句意可知，此句陈述的是一般事实，故用一般现在时；且此句主语为“Anhourofswimming”，属于第三人

称单数，故谓语动词用burns。2．regularly解析：考查副词。句意：经常游泳你将获益良多。空处修饰动名词“swimming”，故用其副词形式。3．the解析：考查冠词。根据空后的“biggest”可知，空处应用定冠词the。4．stressing解析：考查非谓语动词

。根据空前的介词“without”可知，空处应用动名词形式。此处是说，游泳可以让身体在不紧张的情况下提高心率。5．strength解析：考查名词。此处是说，游泳还可以增强肌肉和力量。根据空前的“yourmuscle

”可知，空处用名词形式。6．Compared解析：考查非谓语动词。此句的主语和动词compare之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，表示“与不活跃的人相比”，故用其过去分词形式。7．swimmers解析：考查名词的单复数。句意：

与不活跃的人相比，游泳者只有大约一半的死亡风险。分析句子结构可知，空处为此句的主语，表示“游泳者”，故用其名词形式；且swimmer为可数名词，而此处表示群体，故用其复数形式。8．who/that解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此句为定语从句，空处应为引导

词，在从句中作主语，先行词为persons，故用who/that引导此定语从句。9．areinjured解析：考查被动语态。句意：如果你受伤或患某种疾病，在游泳前一定要咨询医生。分析句子结构可知，此句主语和动词injure

之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。10．In解析：考查固定搭配。ingeneral为固定搭配，意为“总的来说，通常”。句意：通常，无论何时在开始新的锻炼项目之前，向医生核实一下是一个好方法。获得更多资源请扫码加入享学资源网微信公众号www.xiangxue100.com