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一、语基必备知识(一)重点词汇——分类记忆Ⅰ.阅读词汇——知其意1．weaknessn．弱点，缺陷2．phrasen.短语，词组3．mentaladj.内心的；精神病的4．senioradj.高级的5．un
iformn.制服6．facialadj.面部的7．chainn.链条；一连串的事物8．giftedadj.有天赋的9．academicadj.学术的10．sharpadj.敏锐的；锋利的；尖的11．char
acteristicn.特点，特性12．airlinen.航空公司13．assistantn.助手；助理14．faultn.缺点；错误15．astronomyn.天文学16．gratefuladj.感激的，感谢的Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形
1．assessmentn.评估2．previousadj.以前的，过去的3．positiveadj.积极的4．emergencyn.紧急情况5．accuratelyadv.精确地，准确地6．predictvt.预言，预测7．deservevt.应得，值得8．entirel
yadv.完全地9．accusevt.控告，谴责10．desiren.渴望，欲望11．harvestn.收获12．aboardprep.在(上)船(飞机、火车、公共汽车)上13．brokenadj.断的，破的14．glarevi.怒视，瞪15．upsetadj.不安的，不快的16
．accountn.(银行)账户17．disabilityn.残疾；无能力Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变1．strengthn．长处，优势→strengthenv．增强，加强→strongadj.强壮的；强健的2．appropriatelyadv.适当地→appropriat
eadj.合适的，恰当的3．associatevt.联想，联系→associatedadj.有关联的，相关的→associationn．联想；协会4．concentratevi.集中(思想、注意力等)→concentrationn．专心，专注5．expressionn．表情；词语
→expressvt.表达；表示→expressiveadj.富于表情的；有表现力的6．connectionn．联系；连接→connectvt.联系；连接7．descriptionn．描述，形容→describev．描写，描述8．failuren．失败→failvi.
失败9．possibilityn．可能性→possibleadj.可能的→possiblyadv.可能地10．independentadj.独立的→independencen．独立11．satisfactionn．满意，满足→satisfyvt.使满意，使满足→satis
fiedadj.感到满意的→satisfyingadj.令人满意的12．requirementn．要求→requirevt.要求13．reliefn．减轻，宽慰→relievev．使安慰；缓解14．confi
rmv．证实→confirmationn．证实15．judgevt.评判→judgementn．判断，判断力16．companionn．同伴，伴侣→companyn．陪伴17．devotevt.专心致志于，献身于→devot
ionn．奉献→devotedadj.献身的；忠诚的1.不要“不安或烦恼”①bother②disturb③trouble④annoy⑤upset⑥uneasy⑦nervous2.识记含“dis-”否定前缀
的单词①dislikev．不喜欢；厌恶②disagreev.不同意③disappearv.消失④disadvantagen.不利条件；弱点⑤disbelievev.不信；怀疑⑥disobeyv.不服从；违抗⑦disabilityn.残疾3.盘点含后缀“-ment”的名词①movement运动②d
evelopment发展③improvement改善④equipment设备⑤arrangement安排⑥requirement要求⑦establishment建立(二)重点短语——记牢用活1．come__up__with提出，想出2．conc
entrate__on集中于；专注于3．talk__sb.into__doing__sth.说服某人做某事4．draw__up起草5．end__up结果为……；以……结束6．on__the__other__hand另一方面7．in
__terms__of就某事来说；从某个角度上看8．be__willing__to__do__sth.愿意做某事9．react__to对……作出反应10．deal__with处理，对付11．glare__at怒视
12．can’t__help__doing__sth.情不自禁地做某事13．to__be__honest说实话14．be__devoted__to奉献，致力于15．compared__to/with和……比较起来1.“集中精力于”短语荟萃①concentrateon全神贯注于②focusone’s
attentionon集中注意力于③belostin沉醉于④beburiedin专心于2.“of结尾”短语小结①regardlessof不管②asaresultof由于，因为③inspiteof尽管④ona
ccountof由于，因为⑤onbehalfof代表⑥insteadof代替；而不是⑦intermsof就……来说3.“v.＋sb.intodoingsth.”结构集合①cheat/trick/foolsb.intodoingsth.欺骗某
人做某事②argue/talk/persuadesb.intodoingsth.说服某人做某事③forcesb.intodoingsth.迫使某人做某事④terrifysb.intodoingsth.威胁某人做某事⑤frightensb.intodoingst
h.吓唬某人做某事⑥panicsb.intodoingsth.使某人仓皇行事(三)重点句式——背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：Itisgenerallybelievedthat...人们普遍认为……It__is__generally__belie
ved__thatpeoplewithhighEQsareopentonewideasandhavepositiveattitudestowardslife.人们普遍认为，高情商的人善于接受新观念并且有积极的生活态度。句型2：Therei
sno/littledoubtthat...毫无疑问……Ontheotherhand,there__is__little__doubt__thatpeoplewithlowEQsoftenhaveproblemsgetti
ngonwithotherpeopleanddealingwithdifficultsituations...另一方面，毫无疑问的是，低情商的人经常在与别人相处和处理困难情况时有问题……句型3：Idislikeitwhen...，it作形式宾语，when引导的从句作真正的宾语I
reallydislike__it__when...我真的不喜欢……句型4：that’swhy...“那就是……的原因”，why引导表语从句Perhapsthepostcodewaswrong,andthat’s__whythel
etterneverarrived.可能邮政编码错了，那就是信一直未到的原因。句型5：ifanything是一个省略句，意为“如果有什么不同的话”If__anything,__itmademeevenangrier.如果有什么不
同的话，那就使我更生气了。二、语境强化训练Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Publishersalreadyinbusiness,peoplewhowereownersofsuccessfulpapers，hadlittledesire(渴望)tocha
ngethetradition.2．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)First,youneedtoevaluateyourself,yourvalues,yourstrengths(长处),yourweaknesses,yourachievements,yourdesires,etc.3．
Employersusuallyprefercandidateswithsomeprevious(以前的)experienceofthejob.4．Whentheinterviewisonedayaway,sendanemailtoconfirm(确认)thetime
oftheappointment.5．(2019·北京卷)I’mwritingtogiveyouafullaccount(描述)ofmyunforgettableexperienceinafarmworkprogramme.6．Theyou
ngmanhasgrownupandheiseagertobeindependent(depend)ofhisparents.7．Parentsareworriedaboutthepossibility(possible)thatsweetsc
ouldrottheteethoftheirchildren.8．Theyoungman,whohadrushedintothefiretosavetheoldman,deserved(deserve)rewarding.9．Totheteacher’ssa
tisfaction(satisfy),allthestudentshandedintheirnotebooksontimethatday.10．Theteachershouldbeabletousethe
targetlanguagefluentlyandappropriately(appropriate)．Ⅱ.派生词练习——用所给词的适当形式填空1．IhaveneverassociatedtheplanwithMr.Green.Tobeho
nest,Idon’twanttobeassociatedwithMr.Green.I’dliketocarryouttheplaninassociationwithamodestperson.(associate)2．Fromhissatisfiedexpress
ion,Iknewthathewasverysatisfiedwiththeexperiment.Inotherwords,theresultoftheexperimentwassatisfying．(satisfy)3．
Lucyisdevotedtohermusicandshehasdevotedtoomuchtimetoit.Meanwhile,shealsoshowsdevotiontothepoorandthedisabled.(devote)4．Catherin
ethrewupherarmsinanexpressivegestureandIknewthatshewouldstarttoexpressherself.Inmyopinion,herbeautywasbeyond
expression．(express)5．Themanisverystrongandhehasenoughstrengthtoclimbthemountain，forhehasbeendoingexercisetostrengthenhisbody.(strong)Ⅲ.选词成篇talksb.
into;tobehonest;comeupwith;concentrateon;bewillingto;dealwithWhenIvisitedmyfriendTomyesterday,hewas1.concen
trating__onmakinganimportantplan.He2.talked__me__intojoininghim.3.To__be__honest,__Tomalways4.comes__up__withsomegoodi
deas.Besides,heisamanwho5.is__willing__tohelpothersto6.deal__withdifficultproblems.Wealllikehim.endup;intermsof;comparedto;pickup;bepopularwith
;bedevotedtoOurteachertoldusHelenKeller’sstoryyesterdayafternoon,andweallcouldn’thelpcrying.Herworks7.are__popular__withmany
readers.ThoughHelenKellerwasdisabled,shehadastrongdesiretolearn.WiththehelpofMs.Sullivan,she8.picked__upbraille(盲文
)andfinallygraduatedfromcollege.9.Compared__toHelenKeller,weareverylucky.Wearehealthy,butmanyofuscan’t10.
be__devoted__toourstudyorworkandmanyofus11.end__updoingnothingimportant.12.In__terms__ofstrongwill,weallshouldlearnfromHelenKeller.Ⅳ.完成句子1．人们普遍认为
信息技术既有优点又有缺点。It__is__generally__believed__thatIThasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.2．毫无疑问，她是一个优秀的女演员。There__is__no__doubt__thatshe
isawonderfulactress.3．我不喜欢别人在公共场合嘲笑我或者说我坏话。I__dislike__it__whenotherslaughatmeinpublicorspeakillofmebehind.4．(2017·北京卷)那就是为什么我认为长江之旅会是更好的选择。That
’s__why__I__think__thetripalongtheYangtzeRiverwillbeabetterchoice.5．如果说有什么能强烈地吸引她，那就是游泳了。If__anything,__swimmingwillappealtohermoststrongly.stren
gthn．[U]力量，体力；[C]长处，强项[基础练习]——单句语法填空①a.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Tobuildupourstrength(strong),weoftenholdallkindsofactivities,suchasplayingbasketballa
ndtabletennis.b．Asateacher,youshouldknowthestrengthsandweaknessesofyourstudents.②(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Toavoidkneepai
n,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto__strengthen(strength)yourlegmuscles(肌肉),avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.③(四川卷)Summerm
akesmefullofenergyandIfeelIhavethestrengthto__do(do)themostdifficultthinginmylife.[能力提升]——完成句子④(浙江卷)
练中国功夫不但能增强体质，还能培养一个人的性情。PractisingChinesekungfucannotonlybuild__up__one’s__strength,__butalsodevelopone’scharacter.(1)h
avethestrengthtodo有做……的力气/意志力buildupone’sstrength增强体质(2)strongadj.坚强的；强壮的(3)strengthenvt.加强[佳句背诵]ThoughIdidn’thav
ethestrengthtoclimbanyfurther,Ifinallygottothetopofthemountainwithallmystrengthbecausemyfatherencourag
edmeallthetime.虽然我没有力气爬得再高，但是我终于用尽全力爬上山顶，因为我父亲一直鼓励我。[词块助记]gatherone’sstrength积蓄力量physicalstrength体力strengthofwill意志力strengthe
nourfriendship巩固我们的友谊concentratevi.集中(注意力、思想等)；集中于；使……集中[基础练习]——单句语法填空①a.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Shehasturneddownseverali
nvitationstostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudies.b．IfyouconcentrateallyourenergiesonthestudyofEnglish,youwillmasterthelanguage.②Speakingonth
ephonerequiresconcentration(concentrate)andtakesadriver’sattentionfromtheroad.[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级③(普通表达)Becauseheconcentrated__his__att
ention__on(专注于)playingtheInternetgames,hedidn’tnoticethekitchenwasonfire.④(高级表达)With__his__attention__concentrated__onplayingtheInternetga
mes,hedidn’tnoticethekitchenwasonfire.(with复合结构)⑤(高级表达)Concentrating__his__attention__onplayingtheInternetgames,hedidn’tnoticethekitchenwasonfir
e.(分词作状语)(1)concentrateon/upon专心于……concentrate...on/upon...把……集中于……(2)concentrationn.专心；集中[佳句背诵]Ifyouareunabletoconcentrateyou
rattention,youareunabletoachieveyourbestlevel.如果你不能集中注意力，你就无法达到最好的水平。[名师点津]表示“集中精力于……”的短语有：concentrateone’sattentionon/upon,fix/focusone
’sattention/mindon/upon,beabsorbedin,buryoneselfin/beburiedin,putone’sheartinto,keepone’smindon,bedevotedto。[词块助记]concentrateo
ureffortsonimprovingeducation集中精力改进教育concentrateononetask全神贯注于一项任务deservev．应受，值得[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Itisth
osewhoarewillingtogiveratherthanreceivethatdeserverespecting/to__be__respected(respect)．②Hedeservedto__win(win)thegoldmeda
lintheOlympicGamesbecausehehadmadeenoughpreparationsforthegame.[能力提升]——一句多译由于许多野生动物正在逐渐灭绝，目前的形势值得注意。③Withm
anywildanimalsgraduallydyingout,thepresentsituationdeserves__attention．④Withmanywildanimalsgraduallydy
ingout,thepresentsituationdeserves__paying__attention__to/to__be__paid__attention__to．(1)deservedoing＝deservetobedone值得(被)做deserveto
dosth.值得做某事；应该做某事(2)deserveattention/consideration/sympathy/respect值得注意/考虑/同情/尊重deserveblame/punishment该受责备/惩罚[名师点津]deservedoing
是用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于deservetobedone，用法相同的还有need,want和require等。accusevt.控告；谴责[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Afootballerwas__accus
ed(accuse)oftakingmoneyfordeliberatelynotscoringgoalssoastolettheotherteamwin.②Forlackofenoughevidence，theaccused(accuse)wasallowedtogofre
e.[能力提升]——一句多译由于被指控偷钱，这个人被带到了法庭。③Accused__of__stealing__money,__themanwasbroughttothecourt.(accuse)④Charged__with__stealing__mon
ey,__themanwasbroughttothecourt.(charge)(1)accusesb.of(doing)sth.＝chargesb.with(doing)sth.因(做)某事指控某人(2)theaccus
ed被告[佳句背诵]Apieceofbadnewshasbeenspreadthattherichmanhasbeenaccusedofdoinggoodthingsonlytoachieveagoodrep
utation.一条不好的消息已经传播开来：那位富人被指责沽名钓誉。desiren．渴望；欲望；渴求vt.希望得到；想要[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Thisphotoremindsusthatweallap
preciatebeautyandthatweallshareacommondesireforpleasure.②Wedesirethatimmediatehelp(should)__be__given(
give)tothelocalvillagerswhohavebeentrappedbytheflood.[能力提升]——一句多译(2018·北京卷)既然你渴望学习中国文化，我认为北京语言大学是你的理想去处。③Now__that__you
__have__a__desire__to__learn__Chinese__culture,__IthinkBeijingLanguageandCultureUniversityisanidealplacef
oryou.(desiren．)④Since__you__desire__to__learn__Chinese__culture,__IthinkBeijingLanguageandCultureUniversityisanidealplaceforyou.(desi
revt.)(1)havea(strong)desiretodosth.(迫切)想要做某事havea(strong)desireforsth.(强烈)渴望得到某物(2)desiretodosth.渴望做某事desirethat...(sho
uld)dosth.想要……做某事[佳句背诵]Learningthatyouhaveshowngreattalentindesigningrobots,hereIdesiretoinviteyoutojoin.得知你在设计机器人方面
颇有天赋，我很想邀请你前来参加。(2018·天津卷)[名师点津]desire不用于进行时态；接宾语从句时，从句中的谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。upsetadj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的vt.(upset,upset,upse
tting)使不安；使心烦；打乱[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Shewasupsetto__know(know)thatherapplicationforthepositionwasrefused.②Theotherday,allmyplanswere__upset(upset)bythes
uddenchangeofthebadweather.[能力提升]——词汇/句式升级(普通表达)Youwillreturntoyourcountrysoonandthatmakesmesad.(2019·浙江卷6月)③(高级表达)Youwillreturntoyo
urcountrysoon,which__makes__me__upset.(非限制性定语从句)④(高级表达)What__upsets__me__is__thatyouwillreturntoyourcountrysoon.(what引导的主语从句)(1)beupsetabout/over
/atsth.为某事心烦/难过beupsettodosth.对做某事感到不安/难过(2)upsetoneselfaboutsth.为某事而烦恼Itupsetssb.todosth./that...让某人心烦的是……[佳句背诵]Peopleso
metimesfeelveryupsetaboutwhethertheyshouldvoteforthosewhoarebetterorwhoaremorefamiliartothem.人们有时会对他们是否应该投票给那
些更优秀的人或者他们更熟悉的人感到非常不安。(江苏卷)reliefn．(痛苦、忧虑等的)解除，减轻，调剂；救济[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(山东卷)Thosewhosufferfromheadachewillfindtheygetrelieffromthismedicine.
②Muchtomyparents’relief,Iwaseventuallyadmittedtoakeyuniversity.③Thepatientwasrelievedofhischestpainbyaspecialtreatment.[能力提
升]——一句多译帮助他们最终摆脱困境是多么令人欣慰的事啊！④It__is__a__relief__to__helpthemoutoftroublefinally.(it作形式主语)⑤What__a__relief__it__is__to__helpthemoutoftroublefina
lly！(感叹句)(1)toone’srelief令人感到欣慰的是withrelief欣慰地，宽慰地(2)Itisarelieftodosth.做某事很放心/舒心。Whatarelief!多么令人欣慰啊！breatheasighofrelief如释重负，松了一口气(3)rel
ievev.(疼痛/问题等)减轻，缓解relievesb.of...解除/减轻某人的……[佳句背诵]Still,mostofusvolunteersbreatheasighofreliefwhentheseasoncomestoaclose.尽管如此，当
季节结束时，我们大多数志愿者都会松一口气。(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)accountn．叙述；描写；报道；账单；账户v．说明；解释[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(2019·江苏卷)Inmodernman,thebrainaccountsforabout2－3%o
ftotalbodyweight,butitconsumes25%ofthebody’senergywhenthebodyisatrest.②(2017·江苏卷)Whilethisbooktellsthestoriesoffamouspeopleinhistory,italsogivesana
ccountofthelivesoflesserknownindividuals.③a.Hehadtoleavehisbelovedbasketballteamonaccountofhisinjuredlegs.b．Youshould,whennecessary,supplythemwithf
oodandfuelandadvisethemtoreturn,butonnoaccountallowforeignerstoland.[能力提升]——词汇升级④(普通表达)Isincerelyhope
thatyouwillconsidermysuggestions.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)(高级表达)Isincerelyhopethatyouwilltakemysuggestionsinto__ac
count/consideration．(1)takeaccountof.../take...intoaccount/consideration把……考虑在内onaccountof因为，由于onnoaccount绝不giveanaccountof报告；叙述；说明(2)accountf
or解释；说明；(数量，比例上)占[佳句背诵]Theprofessorwarnedthestudentsthatonnoaccountshouldtheyusemobilephonesinhisclass.教授警告学生
们绝对不要在他的课堂上使用手机。(2019·天津卷)[名师点津]onnoaccount意为“绝不”，放在句首时常引起句子的部分倒装，有类似用法的还有bynomeans,innoway,onnocondition,undernocirc
umstances,innocase,atnotime等。judgevt.断定；判断；判决n．裁判员；法官[基础练习]——单句语法填空①IhaveafantasticlifeandajobIlove.Womenhe
reare__judged(judge)ontheirtalents,nottheirgender.②Asthesayinggoes,“Weshouldneverjudgeapersonby/fromhislooks.”③Jud
ging(judge)fromtheabovestory,wecandrawtheconclusionthatwedon’tjudgeamanby/fromhislooks.[能力提升]——完成句子④我认为，他们让一些学生带手机是错误的。As__f
ar__as__I__can__judge,__itiswrongforthemtoletsomestudentscarrymobilephones.(1)judge...from/by...从……来判断……asfarasIcanjudge据我判断，我认为(2)judgingby/from...根
据……判断(3)judgementn.看法，意见；判断力；审判，判决[佳句背诵]I’mwritingtoinviteyoutobeajudgeatourEnglishSpeechContesttobeheldinourschoolon
June15.我写信邀请你担任6月15日在我们学校举办的英语演讲比赛的裁判。[名师点津]judgingfrom/by表示“从……来看；根据……判断”，用在句首时为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态的影响。devotev．为……付出时间/努力/金钱等[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(2
019·浙江卷6月)Istillrememberwhatyouhavedevotedtoimproving(improve)myoralEnglishandEnglishwriting.②a.(湖南卷)Youwillnevergainsu
ccessunlessyouarefullydevoted(devote)toyourwork.b．Weexpressedourgratitudetothepeopledevoted(devote)toprotectingtheecologyinthe
area.c．(2017·天津卷)Heisadevoted(devote)fatherbecausehewasstrictwithhisdaughterandencouragedherwhenshewasintrouble.③Ateacher’sdevotion(devote)
toeducationdeservesgreatrespectofthewholepublicbecauseitbringsbenefitstothedevelopmentofsociety.[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级④(普通表达)Janedevotes__herself__
to__teaching(致力于教育)thedeafchildrenandshehaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.⑤(高级表达)Devoting__herself__to__teaching
__the__deaf__children,__Janehaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.(现在分词短语作状语)⑥(高级表达)Devoted__to__teaching__the__deaf__children,__Janehaslitt
letimetocareforherowndaughter.(过去分词短语作状语)(1)devote...to(doing)sth.把……献给；把……致力于devoteoneselfto致力于；献身于；专心于(2)devotedadj.挚爱的；忠诚的；全心全意的be
devotedto(doing)sth.献身于(做)某事；专心致志于(做)某事(3)devotionn.深爱；奉献[佳句背诵]Icouldonlydevotetwohoursadaytothework.我一天只能在这个工作上花两个小时。[名师点津]表示“专注于，致力于”的表达还有：beabs
orbedin,belostin,beburiedin,beoccupiedin,focuson,concentrateon等。[词块助记]devoteone’senergiestoajob致力于一项工作devoteallone’slifetomedicalworkforChinesewome
nandchildren为中国的妇女儿童医疗事业贡献毕生精力intermsof在……方面，从……方面来说，就……而言，据……；依照……[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(2019·江苏卷)Withalargebrain,humanbe
ingsbeatotherbeingsintermsofintelligence.②Anyonewhoalwayscomestotermswithdifficultycannotbecomeasuccessfulman.[能力提升]——完成句子③Learningisnotalways
easy,butitisalwaysbeneficialin__the__long__term(从长远来看)．④Ihavebeenon__good__terms__with__my__classmates(与同学们的关系很好),whoh
avehelpedmealot.inthelong/shortterm就长/短期而言beongood/badtermswithsb.与某人交情好/不好cometotermswith与……达成协议；让步；妥协[佳句背诵]Intermsofthewaycolorisused,s
omestylesofChinesepaintinguseonlyonekindofcolor.在色彩的运用方面，中国画的一些风格是只使用单色。can’thelpdoingsth.情不自禁地做某事[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Shecan’thelp(to)clean(clean)the
housebecauseshe’sbusymakingacake.②Shecouldn’thelpbursting(burst)intotearswhensheheardthenews.③Itisraininghardoutsideandthe
ycouldn’tchoosebutwait(wait)athome.[能力提升]——完成句子④(上海卷)这位作家的天赋让你很吃惊，你会情不自禁地和同学或者好朋友分享，他们也对这位作家印象很深刻。Youaresoamazedbythegeniusofthewriterandyoucan’
t__help__sharing__it__with__your__classmates__or__best__friends,__whoturnouttohavebeendeeplyimpressedas
well.can’thelp(to)dosth.不能帮忙做某事cannothelpbutdosth.不得不做某事cannotchoosebutdosth.不得不做某事[佳句背诵]①Ican’thelpthinkingheknowsmorethanhehast
oldus.我总觉得他没把他知道的事全告诉我们。②Heissuchafamousprofessorthatyoucan’thelpbutrespecthim.他是一位如此著名的教授，以至于你不得不尊敬他。Thereisno/littledoubtthat...毫无疑问……(教材P9)
Ontheotherhand,thereislittledoubtthatpeoplewithlowEQsoftenhaveproblemsgettingonwithotherpeopleanddealingwi
thdifficultsituations...另一方面，毫无疑问的是，低情商的人经常在与别人相处和处理困难情况时有问题……[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Thereisnodoubtthatping-pongisreg
ardedastheNationalBallSportofChina.②(江苏卷)Thenoticecamearoundtwointheafternoonthatthemeetingwouldbepostpo
ned.[能力提升]——完成句子③我们老师给我们提出了一些如何记英语单词的建议。Ourteachergaveussomeadvicehow__we__(should)__remember__English__words.(1)同位语从句通常用that,whether,w
hat,which,when,where,why,how等词引导，常放在hope,wish,idea,news,fact,promise,opinion,suggestion,advice,truth,evidence,problem等抽象名词后面，说明该名
词的具体内容。(2)有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在被说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。[佳句背诵]①ThereisnodoubtthatWeChatischangingourwayoflife.毫无疑问，微信正在改变我们的生活方式。②Thereissomedoubtwhethercomputerg
amescanhaveabadeffectonstudents’health.游戏是否会对学生的健康有不利影响还不确定。Idislikeitwhen...，it作形式宾语，when引导的从句作真正的宾语(教材P11)Ireallydislikeitwhen...我真的不喜欢……
[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Wereallyappreciateditwhensheofferedtohelp.②Ilikeitwhentheskyisclearandblueinautumn.③Youmayrelyonitthatthe
workwillbefinishedaheadoftime.④Heowedittohisfirstteacherthat__hehadgoodpronunciation.[能力提升]——完成句子⑤我讨厌母亲要我吃鸡蛋。Idislikeitwhen__my__mother_
_asks__me__to__eat__eggs．⑥要是我不必做那么多工作，就太好了。I’dpreferitif__I__didn’t__have__to__do__so__much__work．句中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为when引导的宾语从句。英语中，某些表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动
词，如like，enjoy，love，hate，dislike，appreciate，prefer等接when/if引导的从句作宾语时，通常用it作形式宾语，而把宾语从句放在it之后。[名师点津]it作形式宾语除了上述情况外，还有下面的情形：(1)某些作介词宾语的that从句要放在形式宾语it
之后。(2)某些动词后的宾语从句较长，状语较短，也可以在宾语位置上用形式宾语it，而把真正的宾语从句放到状语之后。that’swhy...“那就是……的原因”，why引导表语从句(教材P13)Perhapsthepostcodew
aswrong,andthat’swhytheletterneverarrived.可能邮政编码错了，那就是信一直未到的原因。[基础练习]——单句语法填空①—Haveyouheardthenewsthathewa
sadmittedintoPekingUniversity?—Yes,that’sbecauseheworkedsohardallthetime,sohiseffortspaidoff.②—Yousee,I’mpoorinmath,butgoodatEngli
sh,whileyouaregoodatmath,butweakinEnglish.—That’swhyweshouldhelpeachother.句中that’swhy...为固定表达，意为“那就是……的原因”，why引导表语
从句。该句型强调结果。[名师点津]that’sbecause...那是因为……，because也引导表语从句，但该句型强调原因。Sorry，wearelate.That’sbecausewewereheldupinthetr
afficjam.很抱歉我们迟到了，那是因为我们遇上交通堵塞被耽搁了。维度一在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式1．Stressandtirednessoftenresultinalackofconcentration(concentrate)．2．Inmyopinio
n,thesceneryhereisbeyonddescription(describe),soithasattractedalotofvisitorseveryyear.3．Themotherwasstandingatthegate
,anxiously(anxious)toseeherson.4．Whenshesawthelovelymonkey，shecouldn’thelplaughing(laugh)．5．Tomakemembersofateamperformbetter，thetra
inerfirstofallhastoknowtheirstrengths(strong)andweaknesses.维度二在空白处填入1个适当的单词1．You’dbetternotgoout.Inmyjudgement,itisdangeroustoflyinsuchwea
ther.2．ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid1980s.3．Mostofthescientistsdevotedthemsel
vestodoingtheresearchandseldomwenthome.4．Weallsighedwithreliefwhentheplanefinallytoucheddownsafely.5．Thewomanwasaccusedo
fstealinglittlechildrenfromtheneighbourhood.维度三语境品词(写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义)1．(2017·天津卷)Ilost150poundsandraised$50，000!IfeelthatI’vebeengivenasecondlifetodev
otetosomethingthatismeaningfulandenormous.为……付出2．Thescientistmadegreatcontributionstoscience,sohedeserv
edgivingsomanyawards.应受；值得3．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotalg
lobalfertilizerconsumption.(数量，比例上)占4．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Morethanthat,howshouldyoustaymotivatedtoachievethegoal？First,youneedtoevaluateyours
elf,yourvalues,yourstrengths,yourweaknesses,yourachievements,yourdesires,etc.渴望；欲望5．Havingfinishedallthehousework,Marydroppedherselfintothesofa,sigh
ingwithrelief.欣慰地；宽慰地6．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Thelikables’plays-well-with-othersqualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships,jumpsta
rtinterpersonalskillsand,whentappedearly,areemployedeverafterinlifeandwork.加强提能一语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)Myfriendisas
eniorhighstudentgiftedinbiology.Desiring1.to__become(become)abiologist,he2.is__devoted(devote)tostudyingbiology.He3.can’thelpdoingresearc
honitwhenheglances4.atarareplant.Healsotakesapicturewithabrief5.description(describe)behind.Theotherday,hewastalkedinto6.part
icipating(participate)inacontestaboutbiology,in7.whichhewonthefirstprize.Therewasnodoubt8.thathedeserveditbecausehe9.accu
rately(accurate)answeredallthequestions.Ofcourse,likeothers,hehashisownstrengthsand10.weaknesses(weak)．提能二话题写作(
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)①与别人相比，海伦·凯勒(HelenKeller)是不幸的。WhenHelenKellerwascompared__to__others
,__shewasunlucky.②当她在19个月大的时候，她变得又盲又聋。Whenshewas19monthsold,shebecame__blind__and__deaf．③她并不愿意学习。Shewas__not__willing__to__learnanyt
hing.④她的老师沙利文(Ms.Sullivan)来帮她应对残疾。HerteacherMs.Sullivancame__to__help__her__deal__with__her__disabilities．⑤在Ms.Sullivan的帮助下，她能够做
到集中精力学习，并完成了大学学习。With__the__help__ofMs.Sullivan,shewasabletoconcentrate__on__her__studyandgraduatedfromco
llege.⑥她致力于帮助盲聋儿童。Shedevoted__all__herself__to__helping__the__blindanddeafchildren.⑦她是20世纪最伟大的女性之一，值得我们尊重。Shewasoneofthegreatestwomenint
he20thcenturyanddeserves__our__respect．2．升级平淡句⑧用过去分词作状语升级句①Compared__to__others,__Helen__Keller__was__unlucky.3．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡
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Onepossibleversion：Comparedtoothers,HelenKellerwasunlucky.Whenshewas19monthsold,shebecameblindanddeaf.Atfirst,shewasnotwillingtolearn
anything.Later,herteacherMs.Sullivancametohelpherdealwithherdisabilities.WiththehelpofMs.Sullivan,shewasabletoconce
ntrateonherstudyandgraduatedfromcollege.Lateron,shedevotedallherselftohelpingtheblindanddeafchildren.Shewasoneofthegreatestwomenin
the20thcenturyanddeservesourrespect.课时练12篇阅读＋1篇七选五＋1篇完形Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·河南六市高三联考)Keepingfitoftenmeanssharing
abusypathwaywithcyclists,runnersandwalkers,butimaginefacingthetaskofdoingitallwithoutbeingabletoseeorhear.Itisachallen
gemanydisabledathletesface,unlesssomeoneagreestobetheireyesandears.NewlyformedgroupAchillesBrisbanepairsvisionandhearing
impaired(视觉和听觉受损的)athleteswithpeoplewhowouldliketoguidethem.JaneBritt,presidentofAchillesBrisbane,whoisvisionandhearingimpaired,said,“Whenweg
oout,it’smuchlessfrighteningtohavesomeonebesideusthathasfullhearingtolistenforusandtelluswhat’sthere.”Ms.C
ullenandMs.BrittmeetupmostSaturdaymorningstotakepartinthefivekilometerparkrun.Theirpartnershipisbuiltontrust,bu
tMs.Brittsaidthatittooktimetodevelop.Ms.BrittsaidittookanunexpectedstormforhertotrustMs.Cullencompletely.“Therewasviolentrain,myglasseswerebro
kenandwewerewalkingtogether.IsuddenlyhadtotellherIcouldn’tseeanything,andIwasgoingtohavetocompletelytrus
ther.FromthattimeIknewitwasgoingtoworkbecauseshewassogoodaboutdealingwiththespecialsituationwebothfoundourselvesin，”
shesaid.IsabellaAllenandherseeingeyedogTatumaretwonewadditionstotheAchillesBrisbane.Ms.Allenkeptactivebyrowing,runningandcycling
butfounditdifficulttokeepgoingashervisionbecameworse.Afternearlygivingupcompletely,sheworkedupthecouragetoaskAchillesBrisbanetofindsomeo
netoshareaboatwithher.Ms.AllensaidthefearofnotfindinganyonetorowwithalmoststoppedherfromreachingouttoAchillesBrisbane.“But,theyfoundpeoplea
ndmatchedmetothem，”shesaid.“It’sthebestthingI’veeverdone.”【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。残疾人参加体育锻炼与正常人是不同的，他们常常面临各种挑战，为此专门
成立了一个锻炼帮扶组织。文章讲述了该组织帮扶的两个具体事例。1．WhatdoesParagraph1trytoshow?A．Thedangerofwalkingonabusyroad.B．Thedifficu
ltythedisabledathletesface.C．Theexercisepeopledotokeepfit.D．Thenecessityofbuildingroadsfortheblind.B解析：推理判断
题。根据第一段中的“butimaginefacingthetaskofdoingitallwithoutbeingabletoseeorhear.Itisachallengemanydisabledathletesface,unlesssomeoneagreestobeth
eireyesandears”可推知，对于视觉和听觉受损的运动员来说，参加锻炼是一项挑战，除非有人做他们的耳朵和眼睛；由此可推知，第一段旨在说明残疾人运动员所面临的困难，故B项正确。2．HowdoesJaneBri
ttfeelaboutgoingoutalone?A．Relaxed.B．Excited.C．Worried.D．Bored.C解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Whenwegoout,it’smuchle
ssfrighteningtohavesomeonebesideusthathasfullhearingtolistenforusandtelluswhat’sthere.”可推知，JaneBritt认为，他们出去的时候，如果他们身旁有听力正常的人为他们去听并告诉他们那里有什么，那就没有那么可怕了
。由此可推知，JaneBritt对独自外出感到担忧，故C项正确。3．WhathappenedintheheavyrainaccordingtoMs.Britt?A．Shedevelopedastrongsenseofteamwo
rk.B．SheledMs.Cullenforwardontheroad.C．ShebegantorelyonMs.Cullenasherguide.D．Shefelldownontheground.C解析：细节理解题。根据第五段的内容，尤其是“Isuddenl
yhadtotellherIcouldn’tseeanything,andIwasgoingtohavetocompletelytrusther.”可知，Britt的眼镜在大雨中碎了，她看不到任何东西，完全依靠Cullen女士做她的向导，故C项正确。4．Whatwastheb
estthingMs.Allenhasdone?A．AskingAchillesBrisbaneforhelp.B．WorkinginAchillesBrisbane.C．Exercisingnonstop.D．MeetingTatum.A解析：
细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容尤其是“‘But，theyfoundpeopleandmatchedmetothem，’shesaid.‘It’sthebestthingI’veeverdone.’”可知，Allen女士认为她做的最好的事情是向AchillesBrisbane求助，故A项正
确。B(2020·成都第二次诊断)AuthorWalterDeanMyersdiedattheageof76afterabriefillness.WalterDeanMyerswastheauthorofmorethan100booksforchildre
nandyoungadultsandreceivedmanytopawards.TheprolificauthorwaslovedforhisvividdescriptionofthelivesofAfricanAmericanchildren,andforwriti
ngbooksforyoungpeoplethatcovereddifferentsubjects.“Myershaswrittenaboutallthosesubjectswithdeepunderstandingandahard-won,qualifiedsenseofhope，”saidL
eonardS.Marcusin2008.Hewasbornin1937andwasadoptedbyFlorenceDeanandHerbertafterhismotherdiedwhilegivingbirth
tohisyoungersister.Theylovedhimverymuchandhismotherreadtohimfromaveryyoungage.Readingpushedhimtodiscoverworldsbey
ondhislandscape.Hebeganwritingatanearlyage.HewrotewellinhighschoolandanEnglishteacherrecognizedthisandadvisedhimtokeeponwriting
nomatterwhathappenedtohim.“It’swhatyoudo，”shesaid.Hedroppedoutofhighschoolat17andjoinedthearmy.Afterfinishinghisservi
ce,heenteredadarkperiodinhislife.Myersbeganwritingatnighttopullhimselfthroughthatmiserabletime.InanessaypublishedinTheNewYorkTi
mesearlierthisyear,MyersdescribedhowashortstorybyJamesArthurBaldwinhelpedchangethecourseofhislife.“Ididn’tlovethestory,butIwasliftedbyit，”hewrote
,“forittookplaceinHarlem,anditwasastoryconcernedwithblackpeoplelikethoseIknew.Byhumanizingthepeoplewhowerelikeme,Baldwin’
sstoryalsohumanizedme.ThestorygavemeapermissionthatIdidn’tknowIneeded,thepermissiontowriteaboutmyownlandscape,myownmap.”“Iwritebooksforthetr
oubledboyIoncewas，”hewrote,“andfortheboywholiveswithinmestill.”【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了美国著名作家WalterDeanMyers的生平。5．Whatdoesthesecondpar
agraphmainlytalkabout?A．HowpopularMyerswas.B．HowMyersbecamesuccessful.C．WhatmakesMyers’workspopular.D．WhatpeoplethinkofMy
ers’works.C解析：段落大意题。通读该段可知，该段首句“Theprolificauthor...covereddifferentsubjects.”为该段主题句，结合该段其他内容可知，这位多产的作家因其对非裔美国儿童生活的生动描述
，以及为年轻人写的涉及不同话题的书籍而深受喜爱。由此可知，该段主要介绍了他的作品受欢迎的原因，故C项正确。6．WhodiscoveredMyers’writingtalent?A．JamesArthurBaldwin.B．Hismother.C．LeonardS.Marcus.D．Oneofh
isteachers.D解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“HewrotewellinhighschoolandanEnglishteacherrecognizedthisandadvisedhimtokeeponwritingnomatterwhathappenedt
ohim.”可知，他在高中时写作就很好，一位英语老师认识到这一点并建议他无论发生什么事都要坚持写下去。据此可知，他的写作天赋是他的一位老师发现的，故D项正确。7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prolific”inParagraph2prob
ablymean?A．Productive.B．Unfortunate.C．Conservative.D．Humorous.A解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段第二句“WalterDeanMyerswastheauthorof
morethan100booksforchildrenandyoungadultsandreceivedmanytopawards.”可知，WalterDeanMyers写了100多本儿童和年轻人读物
，并获得了许多最高奖项。由此可推知，他是一位多产的作家。productive意为“多产的”，故A项正确。B项意为“不幸的”，C项意为“守旧的”，D项意为“幽默的”，都与语境不符。8．WhywastheshortstorybyJamesArthurBaldwinsoimportantforMy
ers?A．Ithelpedhimsurvivethedarkperiod.B．Itinspiredhimtopursuehiswritingcareer.C．Helearnedmanywritingtechniquesfromit
.D．Theauthorofthestorypermittedhimtowrite.B解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句中的“howashortstory...thecourseofhislife”以及最后一句“Thestorygaveme
apermissionthatIdidn’tknowIneeded,thepermissiontowriteaboutmyownlandscape,myownmap.”可知，Baldwin写的故事鼓励了My
ers追求他自己的写作事业，故B项正确。Ⅱ.七选五(2020·广东七校联考)Weallhavetomakedecisionsallthetime,andwehaveanabundanceofchoices,rang
ingfromtinyissuestovitalones.Unfortunately,peopleoftenfindithardtomakedecisions.1.________Ifyouwouldliketoimproveyourskillofdec
isionmaking,herearefoursuggestionsforyou.Don’texpecttohaveitall.2．________Youcan’tordereverydeliciousdishonthemenu.Andtherewillbepathsnot
taken,careersnotchosen,tonamebutafew.Youcanimaginesome“whatif”situationsifyoumust,butdonotletthemtakeuptoomuchspaceinyourbrain.3．____
____It’softengoodtothinkthroughyourdecisions.Butdon’toverdoit.Researchcanreachapointwherereturnsbegintoreduce,whichmakesitcon
fusingmorethanclarifying.Manygooddecisionscanbemadebasedasmuchonintuition(直觉)asoncarefulassessmentofendlessdata.Don’tdelaym
akingdecisions.Yes,thereisatimetoputoffmakingadecision.Perhapsyouneedmoreinformation.4.________Orit’slik
elythatyouwaitforalessstressfultime.Justdon’twaitsolongthatthedecisionismadebyyourownindecisiveness.Do
n’tbehardonyourself.Youdecidetogoonavoyage.Youchooseanexpensiveliner.Everythingshouldworkoutjustright.Onlyyoudidn’texpectabugthatranaround
ontheship,makingyouandyourfamilysickforfivedays.5.________Butpleaserememberitisunavoidablesometimes.A．Don’tspendtoomuchtime
thinking.B．Itisanimportantsourceofinformation.C．Youmayregretmakingsuchastupiddecision.D．Don’tcountonem
otiontomakedecisions.E．Maybeyouwishtoconsultwithyouradviser.F．Decisionsforceustoclosethedooronotherpossibilities.G．Thatmeanstheskillofgoo
ddecisionmakingcountsalot.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了提高决策技能的四条建议，包括不要求全责备，不要费时思虑太多，不要延误做决定和不要苛求自己。1．G解析：根据空处所在位置可知，该句承上启下；根据空前一句“U
nfortunately,peopleoftenfindithardtomakedecisions.”可知，不幸的是，人们经常发现很难做决定。据此可以推断，做好决定的技能很重要，故G项正确。空处下文中的“yourskillofd
ecisionmaking”也是提示。2．F解析：根据该段小标题Don’texpecttohaveitall.可知，该段主要论述“不要求全责备”；结合空后的“Youcan’tordereverydelici
ousdishonthemenu.Andtherewillbepathsnottaken,careersnotchosen,tonamebutafew.”可知，做决定迫使我们关上了其他可能性的大门，故F项正确。3．A解析：根据空处所在的位置可知，空处为该段的小标
题；结合本段第一、二句“It’softengoodtothinkthroughyourdecisions.Butdon’toverdoit.”可知，该段主要论述“不要费时思虑太多”这一观点，故A项正确。4．E解析：根据空前的“thereisatimetoputoffmakingadec
ision”可知，空处与空前一句和空后一句都为延迟做决定的可能原因，故E项“你可能希望咨询你的顾问”符合语境。5．C解析：根据该段小标题Don’tbehardonyourself.可知，该段主要论述“不要苛求自己”；结合空后一句“Butpleaserememberitisu
navoidablesometimes.”可知，请你要记住这有时是不可避免的事情。据此可以推断，空处表示“你可能会后悔做这个愚蠢的决定”，故C项正确。Ⅲ.完形填空(2020·马鞍山高三调研)Veryfewofusbecomefluentinanotherlanguagebystu
dyingitinhighschool.ImadeanefforttokeepupthelittlebitofFrenchthatIlearnedinschool,buteventuallyrealizedthatthiswa
s__1__.Iwaswellawarethatnewlanguagesarebestlearnedwhen__2__，andthatourabilitiesinthatregarddeclinewithage.__
3__，justbeforemy50thbirthday,I__4__forFrenchclasses.AfterIwas__5__toseewhichgroupIbelongedin,Iwas__6__a
talmosttheintroductorylevel.Ifoundthatitreallywastruethatcertainlinguistic(语言的)abilities__7__withage.Wh
ileI’dalwaysthoughtofmyselfasa(n)__8__learner,thatwasnolongerthecase.Iabsorbednewvocabularyvery__9__.WhatIlearnedoneweekag
oseemedto__10__assoonasIlearnedthenextskill.Now,acoupleofyearslater,IcanlistentothenewsinFrenchand__1
1__90percentofitonthefirsttryandreadanovelifit’snottoodifficult.WhoknowswhatImightstill__12__？I’velearnedsomuch__13
__grammarandvocabulary.I’vemetpeoplefromaroundtheworldandallwalksoflifewhohavethe__14__tomakefoolsofthemselvesinorderto__15__somethingnew
.I’vebeentaughtbypatientandinspirationalteachersfrommany__16__oftheworld,includingFrance,EasternEurope,theCaribbeanandAfrica.Li
steningtothenewsasitis__17__tothepeopleofFrance,Ihavearenewed__18__ofhowsomethingcanlookcompletelydiff
erentfromanother__19__.I’velearnedthatalanguageisnotjustasetofwords,butawayof__20__.Butmostofall,I’velearnedthatitreallyisnever
toolatetolearnsomethingnew.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者学习法语的经历告诉我们要活到老，学到老。1．A.unbelievableB．pointlessC．unbearableD．valuelessB解析：根据该句“Imadeaneffo
rttokeepupthelittlebitofFrenchthatIlearnedinschool,buteventuallyrealizedthatthiswas______．”以及下文内容可知，“我”想努力保留在学校学的那一点法语，但最终意识到这是无意义的(pointless)，故选
B。2．A.energeticB．curiousC．youngD．oldC解析：根据后半句中的“ourabilitiesinthatregarddeclinewithage”并结合常识可知，年轻的时候学习新语言的效
果是最好的，故选C。3．A.HoweverB．ThereforeC．BesidesD．MeanwhileA解析：根据语境可知，在50岁生日之前，“我”注册(registered)了法语课，并结合上文提到的“年轻的时候学习新语言的效果是最好的”可知，此处表示转折关系，故选A。4．A.sought
B．registeredC．foughtD．preparedB解析：参见上题解析。5．A.interviewedB．challengedC．askedD．testedD解析：根据空后的“toseewhichgroupIbelongedin”并结合语境可知，经过测试(tested)
来看“我”属于哪一个团体之后，“我”被归(placed)为几乎是初级水平，故选D。6．A.restrictedB．withdrawnC．appointedD．placedD解析：参见上题解析。7．A.fadeB．remainC
．disappearD．improveA解析：根据第一段中的“ourabilitiesinthatregarddeclinewithage”并结合常识可推知，某些语言的能力会随着年龄的增加而逐渐消失(fade)，故选A。8．A.autonomousB．averageC．quickD．dullC解
析：根据语境可推知，“我”一直认为自己是一个学东西很快的(quick)学习者，但却不再是这样了，故选C。9．A.easilyB．slowlyC．steadilyD．rapidlyB解析：结合语境及上题解析可推知，“我”掌握新词汇的速度很慢(slowly)，故选B。10
．A.crowdinB．makesenseC．slipawayD．buildupC解析：根据语境可知，“我”一学习下一个技能，一个星期前学的就好像消失(slipaway)了，故选C。crowdin“涌
上(心头)”；makesense“有意义”；buildup“(使)扩大”。11．A.catchB．reciteC．shareD．repeatA解析：根据语境可推知，“我”第一遍听法语新闻时能够理解(catch)90%的内容
。catch“理解”，故选A。12．A.completeB．overlookC．performD．accomplishD解析：根据语境可知，谁知道“我”仍可能实现(accomplish)什么呢？故选D。
13．A.exceptB．beyondC．throughD．includingB解析：根据下文的内容可知，“我”认为自己学到的不仅仅是法语的语法和词汇，故选B。beyond意为“除……之外”。14．A.confi
denceB．abilityC．patienceD．courageD解析：根据空后的“makefoolsofthemselvesinorderto______somethingnew”可知，此处表示“我”遇到了来自世界各行
各业的人，他们为了学(learn)一些新的东西而有勇气(courage)出丑，故选D。15．A.learnB．experienceC．exploreD．possessA解析：参见上题解析。16．A.organizationsB．cornersC．class
esD．racesB解析：根据下文的“includingFrance,EasternEurope,theCaribbeanandAfrica”可知，这些老师来自世界的许多地区(corners)。17．A.updatedB．spreadC．presentedD．convey
edC解析：根据语境可知，听着播放给法国人的新闻，“我”有了一个全新的理解，故选C。present“上演，播出”。18．A.understandingB．attitudeC．knowledgeD．judgmentA解析：根据语境可知
，“我”对一些东西是如何从不同角度(angle)看起来完全不同有了全新的理解(understanding)，故选A。19．A.mannerB．aspectC．angleD．directionC解析：参见上题解析。20．A.studyingB．workingC．livingD．think
ingD解析：根据语境并结合常识可知，一门语言不仅仅是一组单词，也是一种思维(thinking)方式。课时练22篇阅读＋1篇七选五＋1篇语法填空Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·三门峡调研)Who’rehappier,menorwomen?Research
showsit’sacomplexquestionandthataskingwhethermalesorfemalesarehappierisn’treallythathelpful,becausebasically,happinessisdi
fferentforwomenandmen.Women’shappinesshasbeendecliningforthepast30years,accordingtorecentstatistics.Andresearchshowsthatwomenaretwice
aslikelytoexperiencedepressioncomparedwithmen.Gender(性别)differencesindepressionarewellconfirmedandstudiesha
vefoundthatbiological,psychologicalandsocialfactorscontributetothedifference.Earlystudiesongenderandhappinessfoundmena
ndwomenweresocializedtoexpressdifferentfeelings.Womenaremorelikelytoexpresshappiness,warmthandfear,whichhelpwithso
cialbondingandappearmoreconsistentwiththetraditionalroleasaprimarycaregiver,whilemendisplaymoreanger,prideanddisrespect,wh
icharemoreconsistentwithaprotectorandproviderrole.Recentresearchsuggeststhatthesedifferencesarenotjustsocially,butalsogeneticallyrel
ated.Studieshavelookedintothesefindingsfurtheranddiscoveredthatfemalesusemoreareasofthebraincontainingmirrorneurons(镜像神经元)thanmaleswhen
theyprocessfeelings.Mirrorneuronsallowustoexperiencetheworldfromotherpeople’sview,tounderstandtheiractionsandintentions.Thism
ayexplainwhywomencanexperiencedeepersadness.Womentendtoexperiencemorenegativefeelings,suchasmoreguilt,
shameandtoalesserdegree,embarrassment.Psychologicallyitseemsmenandwomendifferinthewaytheyprocessandexpressfeelings.Withtheexc
eptionofanger,womenexperiencefeelingsmorestronglyandsharetheirfeelingsmoreopenlywithothers.Studieshavefoundinparticulart
hatwomenexpressmoreappreciation—whichhasbeenlinkedtogreaterhappiness.Thissupportsthetheorythatwomen’shappinessismoredepe
ndentonrelationshipsthanmen’s.【解题导语】本文从社会、生理和心理三个方面介绍了男性和女性在幸福感上的差异。1．Whichfeelingaremenmorelikelytoshowcomparedwithwomen?A．Warmth.B．Depression.C．Ha
ppiness.D．Disrespect.D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的“whilemendisplaymoreanger,prideanddisrespect”可知，男性表现更多的是生气、骄傲和无礼，故选D。2．Whatfactorscausewomen
tosharefeelingsmoreopenly?A．Psychologicalfactors.B．Biologicalfactors.C．Educationalfactors.D．Socialfactors.
A解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知，本段从心理方面介绍了男性和女性在处理和表达感情方面的不同：与男性相比，女性更加公开地表露自己内心的情感。3．Onecanprobablyreadthetext
from________．A．asciencefictionB．aculturebrochureC．anurseryguideD．ahealthmagazineD解析：文章出处题。根据本文内容可知，本文主要从社会、生理和心理三个方面分析了男性和女性在幸福感上的差异。由
此可推知，本文有可能摘自一本健康杂志，故选D项。4．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Menandwomendifferinbiologyandpsychology.B．Menandw
omenexperiencehappinessdifferently.C．Socialroleshaveagreateffectonmenandwomen.D．Women’shappinesshasdeclinedinthepastyears.B解析：主旨大意题。通读
全文可知，本文从社会、生理和心理三个方面分析了男性和女性在幸福感上的差异，故B项最符合文意。B(2020·南阳高三诊断)AteamofengineersatHarvardUniversitycreatedthefirstroboticfly.Designedtodowhataflydo
esnaturally,thetinymachineisthesizeofafathousefly.Itsminiwingsallowittostayintheairandperformcontrolledflighttasks
.“Theaddeddifficultywithaprojectlikethisisthatactuallynoneofitscomponentsisofftheshelfandwehavetodevelopthemall
onourown，”saidRobertWood,aHarvardengineeringprofessor.Theyengineeredaseriesofsystemstostartanddrivetheroboticfly.“Theseeminglysimplesystemwhich
justmovesthewingshaslotsofinterdependence(互相依赖)oftheindividualcomponents,eachofwhichindividuallyhastop
erformwell,butthenhastobematchedwelltoeverythingit’sconnectedto，”saidWood.Whilethisfirstroboticflyer
islinkedtoasmall,offboardpowersource,thegoaliseventuallytoequipitwithabuiltinpowersource,sothatitmightsomedayperformdatagatheringworkatrescuesi
tes,infarmers’fieldsoronthebattlefield.“Basicallyitshouldbeabletotakeoff,landandflyaround，”hesaid.Woods
aysthedesignoffersanewwaytostudyflightmechanicsandcontrolatinsectscale.Yet,thepower,sensingandcomputationtechnologiesonboardc
ouldhavemuchbroaderapplications.“Youcanstartthinkingaboutusingthemtoansweropenscientificquestions,youknow,tostudybio
logyinwaysthatwouldbedifficultwiththeanimals,butusingtheserobotsinstead，”hesaid.“Sotherearealotoftechnologiesandopenin
terestingscientificquestionsthatarereallywhatdrivesusonaday-to-daybasis.”【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。哈佛大学的工程师团队研制出了首个机器苍蝇飞行器，该飞行器虽然
尺寸如苍蝇大小，但结构复杂，有望在未来执行搜救点、农田、战场的数据收集任务。5．Whatisthetypicalcharacteristicoftheroboticfly?A．It’sautomatic.B．It’sverysmall.C．It’scontrollable.D．It’squite
powerful.B解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句“Designedtodowhataflydoesnaturally,thetinymachineisthesizeofafathousefly.Itsminiw
ingsallowittostayintheairandperformcontrolledflighttasks.”可知，这种飞行器设计初衷是为了能做苍蝇做的事，它的尺寸和肥胖的家蝇一样大，微小的翅膀可以让它停在空中执行受控的飞行任务；据此可知，该机器苍蝇飞行器的典型特
点是尺寸小，故B项正确。6．Wecaninferfromthepassagethattheroboticflyercan________．A．actasaspyplaneB．helpdofarmworkC．flyataveryhighspeedD．an
swermanyscientificquestionsA解析：推理判断题。根据第四段第一句中的“sothatitmightsomedayperformdata-gatheringworkatrescuesites,infarmers’fieldsoronthebattlefield
”可知，某一天这种飞行器可能用于执行搜救点、农田、战场的数据收集任务；据此可推知，该飞行器可以用作间谍飞机，故A项正确。7．WhatisWood’sideaabouttheroboticflyaccordingtothelastpar
agraph?A．Itishighlyquestionable.B．Ithaswidepracticalapplications.C．Itgivesscientistsinterestinflyingmachines.D．Itpointstoanewdirectioninstudying
biology.B解析：细节理解题。根据尾段第二句“Yet，thepower...couldhavemuchbroaderapplications.”并结合Wood所说的话可知，Wood认为这种飞行器使用范围很广泛，故B项正确。8．Whatcanbe
thebesttitleforthepassage?A．Harvard’sStudyintheFieldofInsectsB．ABreakthroughinEngineeringScienceC．AnInterestingInvention—RoboticFlyD．RoboticFly—aC
opyoftheRealLifeInsectD解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文的主题句是第一段第一、二句；结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了哈佛大学的工程师团队研制出了首个机器苍蝇飞行器，该飞行器虽然尺寸如苍蝇大小，但结构复杂，有望在未来执行搜救点
、农田、战场的数据收集任务。故D项最适合作本文标题。Ⅱ.七选五(2020·北京怀柔区高三模拟)InastudyrecentlypublishedinthejournalNeuron,researchersfoundthatsupermemorizersdon’thaveunusuallylarge
brainregionsthatallowthemtorememberalotofinformation.1.________Hereareafewoftheirfavoritetricksthatcanhelpyoutorememberthingsinyoureverydaylife.ToRem
ember:NewwordsTechnique:ChangeroutineInastudy,agroupofstudentsstudiedalistofwordsintwoseparatesessions.Somestudiedinamessyroom
andsomeinaneatspace.Onegroupofstudentsspentbothsessionsinthesameroom,whiletheothersplitthesessionsbetweenthetwoenvironm
ents.Duringatest,thestudentswhostudiedinmultipleplacesrememberedmuchmore.2.________Thatincludesthetimeofday,themusicintheb
ackground,whetheryousitorstand,etc.ToRemember:YourPINTechnique:CountitoutYoucoulduseyourbirthday,oryourphonenumber,butidentitythieveshaveawayoffig
uringthosenumbersout.3.________Writeafour－wordsentence,thencountthenumberoflettersineachword.Forinstance,“ThisismyPIN”
＝4223.ToRemember:FacesTechnique:FocusonnosesWhilesomesupermemorizersspecializeinassociatingnameswithfaces,thememorypalacetec
hniquedoesn’tworkaswelliftheimageofthefaceischangedinanyway.Ratherthanfocusingoneyes,asmostpeopledo,focusonthecentreortotheleftofaperson
’snose.4.________ToRemember:Facts&figuresTechnique:5.________Tolearnandrememberstatistics,reviewingthemater
ialrepeatedlyoveralongertimeisfarmoreeffectivethanrepeatingitinashorterone.Ifyourexamisinaweek,studyto
dayandthenagaininadayortwo.Ifit’samonthaway,studytodayandthenwaitaweekbeforeyoursecondsession.A．ValueexamsB．Giveyours
elftimeC．Thisallowsyoutotakeintheirwholeface.D．Theirbrainstructuresareinfactthesameasours.E．Instead,trythistipfromDominicO’
Brien,aneighttimeWorldMemoryChampion.F．Thetheoryisthatyourbrainlinksthewordstotheenvironmentaroundyou.G．Studiess
howedthatvaryingotheraspectsofyourenvironmentcanalsohelp.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了四个有助于记忆的技巧。1．D解析：根据上文中的“supermemorizers
don’thaveunusuallylargebrainregions”可知，那些记忆达人并没有非常大的脑区域，他们的大脑结构实际上和我们的一样，故选D项。2．G解析：承接上文“Duringatest,thestudents
whostudiedinmultipleplacesrememberedmuchmore.”，并与空后一句“Thatincludesthetimeofday,themusicinthebackground,whetheryousitorstand,etc.”呼应可知，其他方面的环境变化对记忆也是有
帮助的，这与本段介绍的技巧Changeroutine相吻合，故选G项。3．E解析：根据空前一句“Youcoulduse...figuringthosenumbersout.”和空处下文的内容可知，空处推荐了一种不同的方法，这与第
一段中效仿记忆达人的有效记忆策略相呼应，故选E项。4．C解析：根据本段的记忆主题Faces和空前一句“Ratherthanfocusingoneyes...aperson’snose.”可知，通过集中注意力于一个人的鼻子可以让你记住一个人的整个面孔，故选C项。5．B解
析：根据该段第一句“Tolearnandrememberstatistics,reviewingthematerialrepeatedlyoveralongertimeisfarmoreeffective
thanrepeatingitinashorterone.”并结合对本段的整体理解可推知，本段推荐的记忆技巧是给自己时间，故选B项。Ⅲ.语法填空(2020·南昌重点中学段考)Intoday’sworl
dofmobilepayment,allwereallyneed1.____________(survive)isasmartphone.Butonecompanyishopingtomaketraditionalwalletscoolagain,by2.___________
_(bring)themintothedigitalage.ArmenianfirmVolterman’ssmartwallettakessecuritytoanewlevel.It’sfittedwithdifferenttechnology,suchas
3.____________alarm,aGPStracker,andevenacamera.Ifyoursmartphoneandwalletbecomeseparate,thealarmwillwarnyou4.___________
_youdon’tleaveitbehind.Andifyourwallet5.____________(lose)orstolen,theGPStrackercanhelpyoureachit.Even6.____________(interesting)isthefront-fa
cingcamera.“Ifsomeonedarestoopenyourwallet7.__________permission,alittlecamerainside8.____________(take)apicture
andsendittoyourmobilephone.Youwillfindit9.____________(easy)byreceivingapictureofthethief，”AzatTovmasyan,Volterman’sfounder,toldnewssiteBan
ks.am.Thehightechwalletwillbereleasedlaterthisyearandwillcomeinthree10.____________(model),withthecheapestexpectedtocost$179.【解题导语】本文
是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种即将上市的智能钱包。1．tosurvive解析：考查非谓语动词。此处为动词不定式作状语表目的。该句意为：在当今的移动支付世界，我们生存真正需要的是一部智能手机。2．bringing解析：考查非谓语动词。根据空前的介词
by可知，空处作该介词的宾语，故用动名词形式。该句意为：但有一家公司希望通过将传统钱包带入数字时代，让它们再次变酷。3．an解析：考查冠词。根据该句中的“aGPStracker,andevenacamera
”并结合语境可知，该处泛指“一个警报器”，且alarm的发音以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。4．so解析：考查连词。句意：如果你的智能手机和钱包分开了，警报器会提醒你，这样你就不会忘记它。根据空处前后的句意可知，空处前后表示因果关系，故用so引导该结果状语从句。5．islost解析：考查动词的
时态和语态。句意：如果你的钱包丢失或被盗，GPS跟踪器可以帮助你找到它。if引导的条件状语从句中可用一般现在时表示将来，故空处用一般现在时；根据语境可知，空处表示丢失的状态，故用islost。6．moreinteresting解析：考查形
容词的比较级。上文介绍了如果你的钱包丢失或被盗，GPS跟踪器可以帮助你找到它的情况，结合该句中的“Even”可知，此处表示“更令人感兴趣的是前置摄像头”。故该处用形容词的比较级。7．without解析：考查介词。
根据语境可知，如果有人胆敢在未经允许的情况下打开你的钱包，里面的一个小摄像头就会拍下照片并发送到你的手机上。withoutpermission意为“未经允许”，为固定用法。8．willtake解析：考查时态。分析句子结构可知，该句为主从复合句，从句为if引导的条件状语从句，使用了一般现在时
，故主句用一般将来时。该句意为：如果有人胆敢在未经允许的情况下打开你的钱包，里面的一个小摄像头就会拍下照片并发送到你的手机上。9．easily解析：考查副词。空处修饰动词“find”，故用副词形式。10．models解析：考
查名词的单复数。model为可数名词，根据空前的数词“three”可知，该处用复数形式。该句意为：这种高科技钱包的三个模型将于今年晚些时候上市，预计最便宜的价格是179美元。获得更多资源请扫码加入享学资源网微信公众号www.xiangxue100.com
