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一、语基必备知识(一)重点词汇——分类记忆Ⅰ.阅读词汇——知其意1．questionnairen．问卷；调查表2．lifestylen.生活方式3．cartoonn.卡通片，动画片4．portableadj.轻便的，手提(式)的5．paper

workn.日常文书工作6．midnightn.午夜，半夜7．expertn.专家8．volunteern.志愿者9．dietn.饮食；节食10．accountantn.会计，会计师11．advertisementn.广告12．classicaladj.古典的13．cycl

evi.骑自行车14．sicknessn.疾病15．nearbyadj.附近的__adv.在附近Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形1．mattervi.要紧，有重大关系2．supposevt.认为，猜想3．switchvt.转换，转

变4．remoteadj.遥远的5．documentn.公文，文件6．partnern.合作者，搭档7．standvt.忍耐，忍受8．challengen.挑战9．supportvt.&n.支持；支撑10．distancen.距离11．dialvt.拨(电话号码)12．de

signn．&vt.设计13．otherwiseadv.否则；另外14．forecastn.预报；预测15．stylen.风格，作风Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变1．peacefuladj.平静的；和平的→peacen.和平→pea

cefullyadv.和平地2．relaxingadj.轻松的，放松的→relaxvt.&vi.放松→relaxedadj.放松的；轻松的3．stressn．压力→stressfuladj.充满压力的，紧

张的→stressedadj.受压的4．alarmn.警报，警告器→alarmedadj.害怕的→alarmingadj.令人惊恐的5．urgentadj.急迫的，紧急的→urgentlyadv.紧急地→urgencyn.紧急；

催促6．boredadj.厌烦的，不感兴趣的→boringadj.没趣的；令人厌倦(或厌烦)的7．suffervi.遭受(痛苦)，感到疼痛→sufferingn.痛苦，苦难→sufferern.受害者8．pressuren.压力→pressv.按；压9．soci

aladj.社交的；社会的→sociallyadv.社会地→societyn.社会10．reducevt.减少；降低→reductionn.减少；降低11．organisevt.组织→organisationn.组织12．preferv

t.更喜欢；宁愿→preferencen.偏爱→preferableadj.更合适的13．graduatevi.毕业→graduationn.毕业14．presentationn.表演；展示→presentv.呈现15．formaladj

.正式的，合礼仪的→informaladj.非正式的16．crowdn.人群，一伙人→crowdedadj.拥挤的1.好“事”多磨①incident事件②matter事件，问题③affair事务，私事④issue问题，事情⑤event事件，大事2.学会“容忍(忍

受)”①bear②tolerate③stand④suffer⑤putupwith3.“支持，拥护”家族①advocatevt.提倡；拥护②backvt.支持③supportvt.支持，帮助④standby/for支持⑤infavourof支持，赞同(二)重点短语——记牢用活1．swit

ch__on/off/over把开关打开，接通/把……关掉，关上/转换频道，转变2．go__off(爆竹、铃等)响3．take__up占据；开始从事4．be__filled__with充满着5．suffer__from忍受，遭受6．free__of免受；摆脱7．put__

pressure__on...给……施加压力8．be__prepared__for...为……做好准备9．at__the__moment此刻，目前10．get__changed换衣服，更衣11．take_

_turns__to__do__sth.轮流做某事12．play__a__role/part__in...在……中起作用13．come__up__with追上，赶上；想出，找到14．look__forwa

rd__to盼望，期望15．as__well__as除……之外还；既……又……16．make__a__difference有影响；起作用1.“v.＋off”短语聚会①gooff(爆竹、铃等)响②takeoff(

飞机)起飞；脱掉③cutoff切断；断绝④giveoff放出⑤putoff推迟，拖延⑥payoff偿清；回报2.“v.＋up”短语全接触①takeup占据；开始从事②goup上升③breakup分裂；

打碎④buildup逐渐增强；建立⑤hangup挂起来；挂断电话⑥pickup(无意中)学会；捡起；开车去接3.“v.＋up＋with”短语大聚会①comeupwith追上，赶上；想出②catchupwith赶上；追上③keepupwit

h跟上④putupwith容忍；忍受⑤makeupwith与……和解/和好⑥breakupwith与……分手(三)重点句式——背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：doyouthink你认为(用作插入语)Whatkindoflifestylesdo__yo

u__thinkthemeninthepictureshave？你认为图中的人有什么样的生活方式呢？句型2：the＋序数词＋n.＋todosth.Iamalwaysthefirstpersonto__get__to__the__office.我总是第一

个到达办公室的人。句型3：find＋宾语＋宾语补足语Ifind__painting__or__drawing__very__relaxing.我发现画画很令人放松。句型4：so...that...如此……以至于……Usually,

it’ssocrowdedthatIcan’tfindanywheretosit.通常地铁很拥挤，我很难找到座位。句型5：thesame...that...Wedon’thavethe__sameworkhoursthatofficeworkersinth

ecityhave.我们和这个城市里在办公室工作的人的上班时间不同。二、语境强化训练Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式1．Havingsettledinthatremote(遥远的)areaforayear,theyoungmanfi

nallyadaptedtotheweather.2．(2019·江苏卷)Fromthedesign(设计)andcolourofouruniforms,theBritishfriendswilllearnmoreaboutourschool.3．Robertcan’t

stand(忍受)catchingthebus,sohealwaysgoestoworkbybike.4．Whatmatters(很重要)isnotyourappearancebutyourability.5．(2019·江苏卷)Yetwalkinguprighthasitsdisadv

antage.Thebonestructureofourancestorsdevelopedformillionsofyearstosupport(支撑)acreaturethatwalkedonallfoursandhadarelativelysmallhead.6．Whatareyoudoi

ngnow，Tom？Youaresupposed(suppose)togotobed.7．Thefatherisoutofwork,sothepressure(press)ofthepoorfamilyisbeyondmyimagination.8．Althoughtheworldisfullof

sufferings(suffer),itisalsofulloftheovercomingofit.9．Theyounggirlwillbeofferedagoodjobassoonasshegraduates(graduate)fromcollege.10．(2019·天津卷)

Tomanypeople，technologymeanscomputers,hand­helddevices,orvehiclesthattraveltodistant(distance)planets.Ⅱ.派

生词练习——用所给词的适当形式填空1．Listentothemusictorelaxyourself.Infact,therelaxingmusicwillmakemostofusfeelrelaxed．(relax)2．Asagraduatefromafamousuniversity,s

hewasofferedagoodjobafterhergraduation．(graduate)3．Theysufferedalotinthewar.Oneofthesuffererstoldofhersufferingsinthewar.(suffe

r)4．ThefilmLeagueofGodswasreallyboring,__whichmadesomeaudiencebored.Theygotupandleft.(bore)5．Thetwocountriesbothloveapeace

fullife,sotheyoftensettletheargumentspeacefully．(peace)Ⅲ.选词成篇takeup;befondof;lookforwardto;befreeof;makeadifference;overtheyears;comeupwithI1.am

__fond__ofmusic.WhenI2.am__free__ofhomework,Ipreferplayingtheguitartoplayingthepiano.3.Over__the__years,__I’veimproveditalot.ButwheneverI4.t

ake__upmypiano,Ialways5.look__forward__toyourhelp.Couldyou6.come__up__withsomeadviceonhowtoimprovemyskills?I’msureitwill7.make__a__d

ifferencetome.gooff;switchon;switchover;befilledwith;sufferfrom;atthemoment;bedesignedfor;beboredwithJamieisverybusy8.a

t__the__moment.Inhisopinion,ourlife9.is__filled__withchallengesandchanceswhich10.are__designed__forthosewhoworkhard,sohewouldrather11.

suffer__frombeinghomesick.Everymorningthemomenthisalarmclock12.goes__off,__hegetsupandstartstoworkhard.Inhissparetime,heeitherlistenstos

oftmusictorelaxhimselfor13.switches__ontheTVtowatchnews.However,heseldom14.switches__overtowatchTVseriesbeca

usehe15.is__bored__withthem.Ⅳ.完成句子1．你认为谁是我们班最优秀的学生？Who__do__you__thinkisthebeststudentinourclass?2．探索新地方是很有趣的，即使你知道你并不是第一个到过那

里的。It’sfuntoexplorenewplaces,eventhoughyouknowyouarenotthe__first__to__have__been__there．3．我们到达那里时，发现那座房子被毁掉了。Whenwearrivedthere,wefound__the_

_house__ruined．4．汤姆非常诚实，因而受到了老师的赞扬。Tomwasso__honest__a__boy__thathewaspraisedbytheteacher.5．这就是我昨天在朋友家读的那本书。T

hisbookisthe__same__thatIreadinmyfriend’shomeyesterday.mattervi.要紧，有重大关系n．物质；问题；毛病[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Formostofthe

peopleinthehall,itisjustamatteroftaste.②Itisyourattitudetowardsyourclassmatesthatreallymatters(matter

)．③Tomakematters(matter)worse,thedoctorwaslateagainthatmorning.[能力提升]——完成句子④你失败多少次都不要紧；要紧的是你有多少次站起来并再次尝试。It__doesn’t__matt

erhowmanytimesyoufail;what__mattersishowmanytimesyoustandupandtryagain.⑤坚持不懈，难也变易。Keeptryingno__matte

r__how__hard__it__seemsanditwillgeteasier.,(1)Itdoesn’tmatter.没关系。Itmatters/doesn’tmatter(tosb.)＋主语从句(对某人来说)……有关系，重要/没关系，不重要。(2)What’sthema

tter(with...)?(……)怎么了？amatterof...一个……的问题asamatteroffact实际上，不瞒你说，事实上tomakemattersworse(＝what’sworse)更糟糕的是su

pposevt.认为，猜想；假设；应当，应该[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(北京卷)Thecollegeyearsaresupposedto__be(be)atimeforimportantgrowthi

nautonomyandthedevelopmentofadultidentity.②—Willitraintoday?—Isupposeso.Therearesomanydarkcloudsinthesky!③Sup

posing/Suppose(suppose)theplaneisdelayed,whatshallwedo?[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级④政府应该采取有效措施保护环境。Thegovernmentis__supposed__to__take__effective__measures__to

protecttheenvironment.⑤环境已经大大地影响了人们的日常生活。Theenvironmenthas__greatly__affectedpeople’sdailylife.⑥用非限制性定语从句合并④⑤The__government__is__s

upposed__to__take__effective__measures__to__protect__the__environment,__which__has__greatly__affected__people’s__daily__life.(1)supposesb./sth

.(tobe)．..认为某人/某事……besupposedtodo应该做/本该做(而未做)Isupposeso我想是这样Isupposenot我想不会的Isuppose(＝Ithink)我认为(常用作插入语)(2)suppose/supposing(

that)．..假使……，假定……[名师点津](1)当主语是第一人称＋suppose,think,believe,imagine等接宾语从句时，其反意疑问句要与从句保持一致。(2)在suppose后可用so或not来代替that从句，避免重复表达过的想法

。switchvt.转换，转变n．开关；改变，转变[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(全国卷Ⅰ)Thenurseryteamswitches(switch)himeveryfewdayswithhissistersothatwhileoneisbeingbottle-fed，theotheriswit

hmum—sheneversuspects.②Iparkedthecar,switchedofftheengineandgotoff.③IswitchedovertoCCTV5towatchthebasketballmatch.④Thegirloftenswitcheso

nhercomputerassoonasshegetstotheoffice.⑤(全国卷Ⅱ)Forsomereason,whencertainshowsswitchedintoacommercial,al

oudnoisewouldsoundforafewseconds.(1)switchoff把……关掉，关上switchon把开关打开，接通switch(...)to...(把……)变换/转移到……switchover转换频道，转变swi

tchinto接入(2)makeaswitch进行改变[佳句背诵]Makeaswitchfrompublishingtoteaching.由出版工作改做教学工作。suffervi.&vt.遭受(痛苦或困难)，受苦；经受(损失等)[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①Ourlifeisbecomingbetterandbetterwhileinsomecountriestherearestillsomepeoplesufferingfromhunger.②(2019·浙江卷6月)Thelossofbigtreeswasgreate

stinareaswheretreeshad__suffered(suffer)thegreatestwatershortage.③Itishardtoimaginethepainandsuffering(

suffer)thesepoorpeoplewentthroughduringthewintermonths.[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级④(普通表达)Hehad__never__suffered__suc

h__a__great__loss(从未遭受过这么大的损失)beforeinhislife,sohealmostlostthehopeforlife.⑤(高级表达)Neverbeforeinhislifehad__he__suffered__such

__a__great__loss,__sohealmostlostthehopeforlife.(倒装)⑥(高级表达)Nothaving__suffered__such__a__great__lossbef

oreinhislife,healmostlostthehopeforlife.(分词作状语)(1)suffer作及物动词时，指遭受一般的痛苦、损害等，其宾语常为loss，pain，punishment，defeat,hardship

,disappointment等。(2)sufferfrom受……苦；患病(3)sufferingn.受苦；苦难[佳句背诵]①Neilsonconsidersherselfluckythoughshesufferedinjuries.尽管受了伤，尼尔森还是认为自

己很幸运。(湖北卷)②Alldayandallnightitsnowed,andthecitybegantosufferfromageneraltrafficjam.大雪不分昼夜地下，全城开始陷入交通大拥堵。[词块助记]sufferfromahear

tattack心脏病发作sufferagreatdealfromcoldandhunger饥寒交迫reducevt.减少；降低[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Thegovernmentcallsonthepublictogotoworkbybicycleinsteadofbycarto__red

uce(reduce)airpollution.②Withgreateffort,shehasreducedherweightbyfivekilogramsinthepast7days.③Itwasfoggysothedriverhadtoreducespeed

tofortykilometresanhour.[能力提升]——完成句子④减少压力最有效的方式之一就是与你信任的人聊聊你的感受。One__of__the__most__effective__ways__to__reduce__stressistotalkaboutyourfeelingswi

thsomeoneyoutrust.reduce...by...把……减少了……reduce...to...把……减少到……；把……变为……bereducedto陷入某种境地(to为介词)[佳句背诵]I

tturnsoutthatjustlookingatgreen,growingthingscanreducestress,lowerbloodpressure,andputpeopleintoabettermoo

d(情绪)．结果证明看绿色的、生长的东西可以减少压力，降低血压，使人们的心情变得更好。(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)[联想发散]①reduce→decrease(同义词)；②reduce→increase,__rise(

反义词)prefervt.(preferred，preferred，preferring)更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)[基础练习]——单句语法填空①I’mquitesatisfied,andIpreferrentingsuchanapartmenttobuying(b

uy)one.②Unlikefast-foodplaces,finediningshopsprefercustomersto__stay(stay)longerandspendmoretime.③(2019·天津卷)Severalreasonsmayaccountformypreference(p

refer)forwesternpainting.[能力提升]——一句多译我宁愿过简单的生活也不愿浪费有限的资源。④Iprefer__to__live__simply__rather__than__wastethelimitedresources.(prefertodosth.rathert

handosth.)⑤Iprefer__living__simply__to__wastingthelimitedresources.(preferdoingsth.todoingsth.)⑥Iwoul

d__live__simply__rather__than__wastethelimitedresources.(woulddosth.ratherthandosth.)⑦Iwould__rather__live__simply__

than__wastethelimitedresources.(wouldratherdosth.thandosth.)(1)prefer(doing)sth.to(doing)sth.相对于……更喜欢(做)……prefertodosth.更喜欢做某事prefersb.todosth.希望/愿意

某人做某事(2)prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.woulddosth.ratherthandosth.wouldratherdosth.thandosth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事(3)pref

erencen．偏爱；优先权；偏爱的事物[佳句背诵]IprefertheschooluniformtothetraditionalChinesedressatthewelcomeceremonynextmonth.在下个月的欢

迎仪式上，与中国的传统服装相比，我更喜欢校服。(2019·江苏卷)[名师点津](1)prefer不用于进行时。(2)prefer相当于likebetter，所以prefer不可与比较级连用。standvt.忍受；经受vi.站立；处于(某种状态)n．看台，立场；支架[基础练习]——单

句语法填空①(2018·天津卷)SuddenlyIsensedamanstanding(stand)behindme.“Wheredoyouthinkyouare？”heasked.②Shewillhavetof

indanotherjob,forshecan’tstandworking(work)overtimeanymore.[能力提升]——完成句子③(湖南卷)多萝西在我印象中很突出，她是在偏远地区活得很精彩的一

个人。Dorothystands__outinmymemoryasonewho“bloomed”inherremotearea.④在中国，中国结代表友谊、爱和好运。InChina,Chineseknottings

tands__forfriendship,loveandgoodluck.(1)can’tstandsth./(sb.)doingsth.不能忍受某事/(某人)做某事(2)standby袖手旁观；支持(某人)standfor代表，象征standout显眼，突出[佳句背诵]Thedeci

sionhasbeenmadeandIhavegottostandbyit.决定已经作出了，我必须要遵守。[名师点津](1)stand意为“忍受”时，常与can，could连用，用于否定句和疑问句，其后常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式；不能用于进行时态。(2)表示“忍受”的词汇

还有bear,endure,putupwith。supportvt.支持；支撑；维持；供养n．[U]支持；拥护；供养[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(2018·天津卷)Supported(support)byyou,wecansurelywinintheroboticcompeti

tion.②a.WhatmovesmeisthatmyparentsalwayssupportmeinwhatIwanttodo.b．WheneverIdisagreewithmybrother,myfathercomestomysupp

ort.[能力提升]——完成句子③科学家必须提出论据以支持其理论。Ascientistmustproduceevidencein__support__ofhistheory.(1)supportsb.insth.在某方面支持某人

(2)cometoone’ssupport来支持某人insupportof...支持……[佳句背诵]Tomissoindependentthatheneveraskshisparents’opinionunlesshewantst

heirsupport.汤姆如此独立以至于他从来都不问父母的意见，除非他想得到他们的支持。(2019·天津卷)designn．设计；图案v.设计；计划；企图[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(2019·天津卷)Mostcollegesnowofferfirst-

yearstudentsacoursespeciallydesignedto__help(help)themsucceedacademicallyandpersonally.②a.Designed(design)forEnglishbeginners,th

edictionariesweresoldoutonthedaywhenitcameout.b．Designing(design)asplendidhotel,Mr.Huxleyhasnotimeforrelaxat

ionthesedays.③(上海卷)Whetherbychanceorbydesign,itsohappenedthattherewerealmostexactly150peopleinthestation.[能力提升]——句式升级(普通表达)Thisprojectwasd

esignedtohelpthestudentsinneed.Butitjustdidn’tworkoutasplanned.④(高级表达)Thisprojectdesigned__to__help__the__st

udents__in__needjustdidn’tworkoutasplanned.(过去分词作定语)⑤(高级表达)Thisprojectwhich__was__designed__to__help__the__students__in__needjustdidn’tw

orkoutasplanned.(定语从句)(1)designsth.for...为某目的或用途而制造或计划bedesignedfor.../todosth.目的是……(2)bydesignonpurposedeli

berately故意地，蓄意地byaccidentbychanceaccidentally偶然地[词块助记]designacar设计汽车speciallydesignedsoftware专门设计的软件thedesig

nforthenewsportscentre新体育中心的草图abowlwithaflowerdesign有花卉图案的碗otherwiseadv.&conj.否则；另外，在其他方面[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Workharder

,otherwise/oryouwillfallbehindothers.②Iwasbusythen,otherwiseIwould__have__helped(help)youout.③TheygottwofreeticketstoCanada，otherwisetheywo

uld__not__have__been(notbe)abletoaffordtogo.[能力提升]——完成句子④(四川卷)在考前，我花了大量的时间做准备。否则，我不会成功地通过考试。Beforetheexam,Ispentalargequantityoftimeinpreparingforit

.Otherwise,__I__wouldn’t__have__succeeded__in__passing__the__exam．andotherwise等等；及其他orotherwise或相反；或其他情况[佳句背诵]Iarguethateveryoneof

usshouldtryourbesttohelpthoseinneed.Otherwisewe’llhavetoanswerforourselfishnesssoonerorlater.我认为我们每一个人都应当尽力去帮助有困难的人。否则，我们迟

早要为我们的自私付出代价。[名师点津]otherwise根据句意要求，有时表达与事实相反的否定的含蓄条件，相当于if引导的否定虚拟条件句，后面的主句需用虚拟语气结构。distancen．距离；路程；远方[基础练习]——单

句语法填空①a.(2017·浙江卷6月)Soon,itranawayofftheroadanddisappearedinthedistance.b．Inmyopinion,thepicturepaint

edbyafamouspainterlooksbetteratadistance.②a.(2019·北京卷)Regardlessoftheweatherorthedistance(distant),PaulWilson

willmakesurelow­incomestudentsinhisneighbourhoodarriveattheircollegeclassesontime.b．(2018·天津卷)Iencounteredmanyhikerswhowereheadedtoadi

stant(distance)campgroundwithjustenoughtimetogettherebeforedark.(1)inthedistance在远方，在远处atadistance稍远处；离一段距离atadistanceof在距

……的地方(2)distantadj.遥远的；(指人)远亲的，冷淡的[佳句背诵]Notonlycanthewaterfallbeseeninthedistance,butalsoitssoundmaybeheardatadistanceoft

womiles.这个瀑布不仅在远处就可以看到，而且它的声音可以在两英里外听到。gooff(爆竹、铃等)响；爆炸；停止运转；(食物)变坏；离去[一词多义]——写出下列句中gooff的含义①Itisstrangethatheshould

gooffwithoutsayinggoodbye.离开②Itissohotthatthemilkhasgoneoff.变质③ShewaswatchingTVwhenthedoorbellwentoff.(门铃)响④Suddenly,allthelightsinthebuildingwe

ntoff.熄灭[能力提升]——完成句子⑤随着时间的推移，一切都会好起来的。Everythingwillgeteasieras__time__goes__by．⑥住宅价格上涨，本地人买不起那儿的房子。Thepriceofhomesgoes__upan

dpeoplefromtheareacannotaffordtobuyahousethere.goagainst反对，违背；不利于goahead开始；进行goby逝去；过去goover复习gothrough浏览；经历；仔细检查goout熄

灭goup(价格等)上升[佳句背诵]①Whenthebombwentoff,mostofthevillagerswereasleep.当炸弹爆炸的时候，大多数村民在睡梦中。②Ourteacheraskedustogooverthelanguagepointsbe

foretheexamscome.老师要求我们在考试之前复习一下知识点。takeup站好位置以备……；拿起；开始从事；占据；继续；从事于；接受[一词多义]——写出下列句中takeup的含义①(安徽卷)Wetri

edtofindatableforseven，buttheywerealltakenup.占用②(陕西卷)Peterwilltakeuphispostastheheadofthetravelagencyattheendofnextmonth.开始从事③

Theteachertookupthelessonwhereheleftofflastweek.继续④Areyougoingtotakeupthechallengeoflastingawholeweekwithoutarguing？接受

takein欺骗；理解；领悟；吸收takeon呈现；雇用；承担；从事takeover掌管，控制；取代takeoff休息；起飞；突然成功；在(某段)休假[词块助记]takeupanewjob从事新的工作takeoverthejobasamanager接任经理一职takeonanewlook呈

现出崭新面貌takeoffontime正点起飞atthemoment此刻，目前；那时[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Butatthemoment,schoolcomesfirst.Idon’twanttogettooabsorbedinm

odeling.②(北京卷)—Dr.Jacksonisnotinhisofficeatthemoment.—Allright.Iwillcallhimlater.③Theyarehavingameeting,soyouwillhavetowa

itforamoment.④Wemustgetready,forthechairmanwillbebackinamoment.atanymoment随时，马上forthemoment目前，暂时foramoment一会儿inamoment马上，过一会儿(常用于将来时)[佳句背诵]Th

ere’snowaywecanaffordtobuyahouseatthemoment.眼下我们无论如何也买不起房子。comeupwith赶上；提出，想出或找到(答案、想法等)[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsay

thattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice(装置)thatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.②(2017·浙江卷)Unfortunately,onthewayanunpleasan

tsubjectcameupandtheystartedtoquarrel.③I’llneverunderstandhowitcameaboutthatyouwerelatethreetimesaweek.[能力提升]——词汇/句式升级④(普通表达)Thepro

jectwasraisedatthemeetingyesterday,anditattractedmanypeople’sattention.(高级表达)Theprojectcame__up/was__come__up__withatthemeetingyesterday,attracting_

_many__people’s__attention．(分词作状语)comeabout产生；发生comeacross偶遇；偶然发现comeon来吧；赶快；加油cometo加起来总共；苏醒comeup走近；上升；被提出whenitcomes

to...涉及；谈到[名师点津]comeup的主语是物，表示“(计划、建议、议题等)被提出”，为不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态；而comeupwith主语是人或团体组织，表示“(某人)提出”，为及物动词短语。t

he＋序数词＋n.＋todosth.(教材P9)Iamalwaysthefirstpersontogettotheoffice.我总是第一个到达办公室的人。[基础练习]——单句语法填空①IfIhaveanyfurthernews

,youwillbethefirstpersonto__know(know)．②AsfarasIknow,Amywastheonlypersonto__witness(witness)thecaraccident.③Theabilityto__express(express)anideai

sasimportantastheideaitself.④Therewasnosignalinthatfarawayvillageandallmyattemptsto__contact(contact)youfailed.[能力提升]——完成句子⑤(2018·浙江卷6

月)我能说一口流利的英语，我是班上第一个出国深造的学生。IcanspeakfluentEnglishandIamthe__first__student__in__my__class__to__go__abroadforfurtherstudy.(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰

或前有thenext,theonly,thelast等时，常用不定式作后置定语。(2)动词不定式作定语用来修饰的词是抽象名词，常见的有ability,chance,ambition,offer,anxiety,answer,reply,attempt,belief等

。[佳句背诵]IwouldreallyliketointerviewYangLiweibecauseheisnotonlythefirstChinesetogotospacebutalsooneofthegreat

estastronautsintheworld.我真的很想采访杨利伟，因为他不仅是第一个进入太空的中国人，他也是世界上最伟大的宇航员之一。so...that...如此……以至于……(教材P14)Usually,it’ssocrowdedt

hatIcan’tfindanywheretosit.通常地铁很拥挤，我很难找到座位。[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Onourwaytothehouse,itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldn’thelp

wonderinghowlongitwouldtaketogetthere.②a.(2018·天津卷)Youhavesomuchexperienceinsuchcompetitionsthatyourpar

ticipationwillhelpuswinanaward.b．Thereissolittlerainthissummerherethatwehavetowaterthevegetablegarden.[能力提升]——句式升级③(普通表

达)Thenewly-builtstadiumissobigthatitcanholdalltheteachersandstudentsinourschool.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)(高级表达)So__big__is__the__newly-buil

t__stadium__thatitcanholdalltheteachersandstudentsinourschool.(倒装)(1)soadj./adv.adj.＋a（n）＋可数名词单数many/much/few/littl

e（少）＋名词＋that－clause(2)sucha（n）＋adj.＋可数名词单数adj.＋可数名词复数adj.＋不可数名词＋that－clause[名师点津](1)在so/such

...that...句型中，当so或such以及它们所修饰的部分位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。(2)little既有“少”的意思，又有“小”的意思。当“少”讲时后接不可数名词，用so修饰；当“小”讲时后接可数名词，用such修饰。thesame...that.

..句型(教材P15)Wedon’thavethesameworkhoursthatofficeworkersinthecityhave.我们和这个城市里在办公室工作的人的上班时间不同。[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①ThisisthesamebikethatIlosttheotherday.②AtthepartymyworkmateworethesamecoatasIwore,whichmademeannoyed.③I

tisjustthesamepenthatIlostyesterday!Ihavebeenlookingforitallday.④Heissuchagoodteacherthatwealllovehim.[能力提升]——完成句子⑤它是

初学者很容易理解的那种英语。Itissuch__easy__English__as__beginnerscaneasilyunderstand.本句使用了thesame...that...句型。先行词之前有thesame作定语时，引导定语从句的关系词只能

用that或as。(1)thesame(...)that...意为“和……一样”，定语从句中that所指代的人或物与先行词是同一个。(2)thesame(...)as...意为“和……一样，和……相似”，定语从句

中as所指代的人或物与先行词是同一类。[名师点津]such/so...as意为“像/诸如……的”时，as引导的是定语从句，指代先行词并在从句中充当句子成分。而such/so...that...中that引导的是结果状语从句，that在从句中不作成分。维度一在空白处填入括号内单

词的正确形式1．Shecouldn’tstandbeing__waken(wake)upbythenoiseoutsideatnight.2．Inmyopinion,ateachershouldn’tshowanypreference(prefer)foranyo

neofhisstudents.3．Weareaimingtobuildapeaceful(peace)school.Ithinkitiseverystudent’sdutytoworkhardtoachievethisg

oal.4．Studyingabroadcanbestressful(stress),becauseyouhavetoworryaboutadjustingtoanewcultureatthesametime.5．Agreatdealofmoneyraisedbytheorganisation(o

rganise)hasbeendonatedtotheschool.维度二在空白处填入1个适当的单词1．Remember,whenyouswitchonthetelevision,youareswitchingoffyourchild’smind.2．Heavysmok

ersaremorelikelytosufferfromlungcancer.3．Weknewtheywouldstandbyusnomatterwhatwe’ddone.4．Thetrainwassocrowdedthatwehadtostand.5．It’sas

cienceprogramontheoriginoftheuniverse.I’llgiveapresentationonitinmyclasstomorrow.维度三语境品词(写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义)1．(2018·浙江卷6月)I

fyouarenotgoingtosufferthisproblem,thenIsuggestthatthenexttimeyougotoyourmum’shomefordinner,getafewcookingtips

fromher.忍受2．Accustomedtotheclimateinthecountryside，theoldcoupleprefernottomovetothecity.更喜欢3．(2019·江苏卷)Understandingt

echnologicaltrendsisveryimportantforcorrectlydesigningeconomicpolicies,bothatthenationalandtheinternationallevels，a

ndformakingtherightcareerchoicesattheindividuallevel.设计4．Havingalargefamilytosupport,hetookuptwopart­timejobsinhisspare

time.供养5．Accordingtotheairlinerules,wesuggestyou(should)switchoffyourmobilephonebeforeboarding.关提能一语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)Tomi

sverybusy1.atthemoment,becauseworkingforthecompanytakes2.upmostofhistime.Inhisopinion,lifeis3.filled(fill)wi

thchallengesandchances4.designed(design)forthosehard-workingpeople,soheprefers5.to__work(work)inthecompanyrath

erthantakepartinsomesocial6.activities(activity)．Everyday,themomenthisalarmclock7.goes(go)off,hegetsupimmediatelyandsta

rtshisbusyday.Heisalwaysthefirstone8.to__get(get)totheofficeandthelasttoleave.Evenafterwork,heoftentakeshi

sdocumentshomeso9.thathecandealwiththem.HeseldomwatchesTVbecauseheistiredoftheTVseries.Inordertoimprovehimself,hespendshis

sparetimeonthedistant10.learning(learn)ontheInternet.Atpresent,asamanagerofthesalesdepartment,heoftensaysthathecouldn’thaveachi

evedsomuchwithoutthesupportfromhisparents,relativesandgoodfriends.提能二话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)①过去汤姆放学回家，总是

把电视打开。Tomused__to__switch__on__TVafterhereturnedhomefromschool.②看电视花去了他大部分的业余时间，这使他患了近视。WatchingTVtook__up__most__of__his_

_spare__timeandthatmade__him__suffer__fromshort-sightedness.③意识到这个问题之后，他决心半年不看电视，这对他来说是个挑战。Afterherecognizedthisproblem,hedecidednottowatchTVforhalfa

year,which__was__a__challenge__for__him．④在家人的支持下，他的诺言变成了现实。With__his__family’s__support,__hispromisecametrue.⑤看到他的进步，他的父母心中充满了自豪。Seein

ghisprogress,hisparentswere__filled__with__pride．2．升级平淡句⑥用非限制性定语从句升级句②Watching__TV__took__up__most__of__his__spare__time,__which__m

ade__him__suffer__from__short­sightedness.⑦用现在分词作状语升级句③Recognizing__this__problem,__he__decided__not__to__watch__TV

__for__half__a__year,__which__was__a__challenge__for__him.3．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：however)______________________

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________________Onepossibleversion：TomusedtoswitchonTVafterhereturnedhomefromschool.WatchingTVtookupmostofhissparetime,which

madehimsufferfromshort­sightedness.Recognizingthisproblem,hedecidednottowatchTVforhalfayear,whichwasachallengeforhim.Howeve

r,withhisfamily’ssupport,hispromisecametrue.Seeinghisprogress,hisparentswerefilledwithpride.课时练12篇阅读＋1篇七

选五＋1篇完形Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·泉州高三调研)RichasaKingWilliamⅠ，whoconqueredEnglandsome950yearsago,hadwealth,powerandanarmy.YetalthoughWilliamwasvery

richbythestandardofhistime,hehadnothinglikeaflushtoilet(抽水马桶),papertowels,oraridinglawnmower(割草机).How

didheget__by?Historybooksarefilledwithwealthypeoplewhowerepoorcomparedtome.Ihavestormwindows,Croesusdidnot.Entirenation

strembledbeforeAlexandertheGreat,buthecouldn’tbuycatfood.CzarNicholaslackedanelectricsaw.GivenhowmuchbetteroffIamthansomanyfamousd

eadpeople,you’dthinkI’dbecontent.Thetroubleisthat,likemostpeople,Icomparemywealthwiththatoflivingpersons:neighbors,schoolclassmat

es,andfamousTVpeople.ThegreedIfeeltowardmyfriendHoward’snewkitchenisnotreducedbythefactthatnokingseverhadarefrigeratorwith

glassdoors.Thereisreallynorisingorfallingstandardofliving.Overthecenturiespeoplesimplyfinddifferentthingstofeelsadabout.You’dthinkthatsimplyn

othavingdiseasewouldputusinagoodmood,butno,wewantahotbathtoo.Ofcourse,onewaytoachievehappinesswouldbetorealizethatevenbytoday’sstandardsthethingsIow

nareprettynice.Myhouseissmallerthanthehousesofmanyinvestmentbankers,butevensoithasalotmoreroomsthatmywife

andIcankeepclean.Besides,topeoplelookingbackatourerafromacenturyortwointhefuture,thesebankers’fancycounte

rtopsandmyownwornFormicawillseemequallyshabby.Ican’tkeepupwithmyneighborsrightnow.Butjustwait.【解题导语】本文主要通过同富

有的古人对比启迪读者：生活没有必要攀比，要知足常乐。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“getby”inthefirstparagraphmean?A．Succeedasaking.B．Dealwithcomplaints.C．Liveinas

atisfactoryway.D．Getsomeextramoney.C解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句“GivenhowmuchbetteroffIamthansomanyfamousdeadpeople,you’dthi

nkI’dbecontent.”，并结合对第一段第二句的理解：没有现代这些便利的生活设备，富有的威廉一世如何才能生活得称心如意呢？由此可推知，画线短语表示“以一种令人满意的方式生活”，故选C。2．Howmanyhistoricalfiguresarem

entionedtocomparelivesinthepastandpresent?A．3.B．4.C．5.D．6.B解析：细节理解题。根据对第一段和第二段的理解可知，古今生活对比中作者列举了四个历史人物，他们分别是：WilliamⅠ

，Croesus,AlexandertheGreat和CzarNicholas。3．Accordingtothepassage,theauthorintendsto________．A．tellustobecontentwithlifeB．warnustoliveina

simplewayC．teachustolearnlessonsfromlifeD．encourageustostruggleforwealthA解析：写作意图题。根据文章的标题RichasaKing，并结合对全文的整体理解可推知，作者通过古今生活对比

，告诉我们要知足常乐。4．What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardslife?A．Doubtful.B．Optimistic.C．Uncaring.D．Cautious.B解析：

观点态度题。根据最后两段，尤其是最后一段最后两句“Ican’tkeepupwithmyneighborsrightnow.Butjustwait.”可推知，作者对生活持乐观的态度。B(2020·佛山高三质检)Asevolutiontendstoremovewaste,howcomeweevolv

edsuchlarge,energy­consumingbrains?Thedominanthypothesis(假设)suggeststhattoughsocialinteractionsarethedriv

ingforce.Butournewstudydoneinanunusualwayshowsthathumanbrainexpansionislikelydrivenbyecology(生态)．Scientistshavetested

theecologicalandsocialhypothesesbefore.Thecommonapproachistolookatmanyspeciesandinvestigatewhetherlargebrainsareassociatedwithspecificp

roblems.Forexample,doprimatesorotheranimalswithlargebrainshaveadietthatischallengingtofindbutnutritionallyrewarding?Thiswouldindicatea

necologicalorigin.Ordotheyliveinlargegroupswheretheyfacelotsofsocialproblems?Whilemanystudieshavefoundsuchasso

ciations,thereisaproblem.Itcannottellwhetherlargebrainsevolvedtosolvethedifficultproblemsorwhethertheyevolvedforother

reasonsandthenenabledtheirbearerstodealwiththehardproblems.Tofindoutthecausesofbrainexpansion,werecre

atedthescenarios(可能出现的情况)ofthetwohypothesesusingamathematicalmodel.Wefoundthatacombinationofecologicalandsocialchall

engesdoproducethebrainsizeweseeinhumans.Butitwasecologicalchallengesthatexpandedbrains.Incontrasttothedominantviewandourownexpectation,wefou

ndthatsocialchallengescontributedbydecreasingbrainsize.Butyouneedbothfactorstogetthebrainsizeweseetoday—iftherewerenosocialchallengesour

brainswouldhavebeenevenlargerbutlikelypoorlysuitedtosociallife.Biggerisn’tnecessarilybetter.Butmanyanimalsfacehardecol

ogicalproblems.Whydon’ttheyallhavelargebrains?Wefoundthatecologicalproblemsonlyleadtohuman-sizedbrainswhenindi

vidualscankeeplearninghardskillsastheygrow.Soourresultsandthoseofothers’suggestthathardecologyandtheaccumulationof

culturalknowledgecouldacttogethertoproduceahuman-sizedbrain.Willthehumanbrainexpandfurther?Thecomplexityofthesystemsinvolvedmakesitimpossibletosa

ymuchwithcertaintyatpresent.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。科学研究发现，人类大脑的大小是由生态环境和文化知识积累的共同作用决定的；大脑并非越大越好，如果大脑过大，则人类将无法适应

社交活动。5．Inmostpeople’sview,whatmakeshumanevolvelargebrains?A．Socialchallenges.B．Socialandecologicalchallenges.C．Ecologica

lchallenges.D．Competitionwithotherlargeanimals.A解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Thedominanthypothesis(假设)suggeststhattoughsoci

alinteractionsarethedrivingforce.”并结合第一段内容可知，大部分人认为棘手的社交活动是人类大脑进化的动力，故A项正确。6．What’stheproblemofthecommonapproach?A．Itsmodelisnotreliable

enough.B．Itdoesn’ttellthecauseandeffectclearly.C．Itshypothesiscannotbeprovedeffectively.D．Itdoesn’tfindbrainsizeisconnectedwithproblems.B解析

：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Itcannottellwhetherlargebrainsevolvedtosolvethedifficultproblemsorwhethertheyevolvedfo

rotherreasonsandthenenabledtheirbearerstodealwiththehardproblems.”可知，传统的研究方法无法解释清楚大脑进化的原因和影响，故B项正确。7．Whydon’tmanyanimalshavelarge

brains?A．Theydon’tlearnfromeachother.B．Theydon’tfacehardecologicalproblems.C．Theydon’tneedtocooperatewit

heachother.D．Theydon’tkeeplearningtoughskillsastheygrow.D解析：推理判断题。根据第五段第二、三句“Whydon’ttheyallhavelargebrains?Wefoundthatecologicalproblemso

nlyleadtohuman-sizedbrainswhenindividualscankeeplearninghardskillsastheygrow.”可知，只有当个体在成长过程中不断学习艰难的技能时，生态环境才会影响人类特定大小的大脑。据此可推知，动物在成长过程

中并没有持续学习艰难的技能，所以动物没有大的大脑，故D项正确。8．Whichofthefollowingdotheresearchersfindmostsurprising?A．Animalsdon’thavelargebrains.B．S

ocialchallengesdecreasebrainsize.C．Ecologicalchallengesincreasebrainsize.D．It’sunclearwhetherhumanbrainswillexpandfurther.B解析：细

节理解题。根据第四段第四句“Incontrasttothedominantviewandourownexpectation,wefoundthatsocialchallengescontributedbydecreasingbrainsize.”可知，与主流观点及我们自己的预期相反，我们发现社

会挑战导致大脑变小。据此可知，社会挑战导致大脑变小是令人惊讶的发现，故B项正确。Ⅱ.七选五(2020·兰州高三诊断)Haveyoueverwonderedwhattherealmeaningofthesa

ying“Afriendinneedisafriendindeed”is?1.________.Truefriendshipistheone,inwhichtheindividualsdonothavetomaintaingoodmanner

switheachother.Sharingtruefriendshipisthesituation,whenthepersonyouaretalkingaboutisregardedasoneamongyourfamilymembers,whentherelatio

nyousharewithhimorherreachesastagethatevenifyoudon’tcorrespondforsometime,yourfriendshipremainsunchanged.Thetrustbetween

bestfriendsissuchthatifonefriendfallsintrouble,theotherwillnotthinktwicetohelp.Ifthebondbetweentwofriendsisstrong,truefriendscantolerateevenl

ongdistances.2.________.Itwouldnotaffecttheirfriendship.3．________.Theywouldfaceittogetherandsupporteachother,evenifiti

sagainsttheinterestsoftheotherperson.Bestfriendsdon’tanalyzeeachotherandtheydon’thavetodoso.Theyaccepteachotherwiththeirpositiveandnegativeq

ualities.4.________.Theyknoweachother’sstrengthsaswellasweaknesses.Onewouldnotoverpowertheother.Theywouldrespecteachother’sindivid

uality.Infact,theywouldunderstandthesimilaritiesandrespectthedifferences.Truefriendshipismarkedbyselflessness.Bestfr

iendssupporteachother,evenifthewholeworldopposesthem.5.________.Ifyouhaveevenonetruefriend,consideryourselflucky.A．Truefriendshipn

everfadesawayB．NothingishiddenbetweentruefriendsC．ItisnoteasygettingtruefriendsforthelifetimeD．Forthem,geographicalseparationisj

ustapartoflifeE．Truefriendsdon’tdeserteachotherwhenoneisfacingtroubleF．Remember,allthebestfriendsarefriends,b

utnotallfriendscanbethebestfriendsG．Peopletalkaboutthetruevalueoffriendshipactuallywithoutknowingwhatit

standsfor【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。在生活中，真正的友谊不会拘泥于各种礼仪，朋友彼此间都以诚相待，会毫不犹豫地帮助对方。1．G解析：空前一句是说，你曾经想知道“患难见真情”的真正含义吗？后一句解释了什么是真正的友

谊；由此可推知，空处应是说很多人并不了解真正的友谊的含义。故选G。2．D解析：根据前一句中的“longdistances”可知，此处叙述的是距离对双方的影响，这与D项中的“geographicalseparation”相呼应。故选D。3．E解析：根据后一句中的“faceittogetheran

dsupporteachother”可知，此处讲述的是真正的朋友会共同面对困难并互相支持，这与E项中的“don’tdeserteachother”相呼应。故选E。4．B解析：根据后一句“Theyknoweacho

ther’sstrengthsaswellasweaknesses.”可知，真正的朋友知道对方的优点和缺点，双方坦诚相见，故B项符合语境。5．C解析：根据空后一句“Ifyouhaveevenonetruefriend,conside

ryourselflucky.”可知，即使你只有一位真正的朋友，那你也应该感到幸运；由此可推知，C项“获得一生的真正的朋友并不容易”符合语境。Ⅲ.完形填空(2020·合肥第一次质检)Greenberg

wasaluckyguytoenterColumbiaUniversityonafullscholarship.Butjustbeforejunioryear,Greenberg’s__1__changed.Onedayhisvision“__2__up”andla

terhewasdiagnosed(诊断)withglaucoma(青光眼).ThendoctorsoperatedonGreenberg’seyes.__3__，thesurgerydidn’twork.Green

bergwasgoingblind.Hewasso__4__thatherefusedtoseeanyone.AsGreenberg’sbestfriend,ArthurpersuadedGreenbergtogobacktoColumbiaUniversityand__5_

_tobehis“reader”.Arthurread__6__tohimeveryday,takingtimeoutfromhisownstudy,andGreenberg__7__scoringstraightA’s.Still,hewas__8__aboutgettinga

loneandreliedonhisfriend.Then,oneafternoon,GreenbergandArthurwenttoMidtownManhattan.Whenitwastimetogobacktocampus,Arthursaidhecouldn’t__9__himbecaus

eofanappointment.Greenberg__10__.Theyargued,andArthurwalkedoff,__11__GreenbergaloneinGrandCentralTerminal.Greenberg,whowascompletely__12__，stum

bled(蹒跚而行)throughtherush-hourcrowd.HetookashuttletrainwesttoTimesSquare,andthentransferredtoanuptowntrain.Fourmileslater,he__13__atthe

ColumbiaUniversitystop.Atthegateoftheuniversity,someone__14__him.“Oops,excuseme,sir.”Greenberg__15__t

hevoice.ItwasArthur’s.Greenberg’sfirstreactionwas__16__，butinthenextsecond,herealizedwhathehadjust__17__andreal

ized,too,whohadmadeitpossible.__18__，Arthurhadbeenwithhimthewholeday,usingoneofthemost__19__strategies.Blindnessdoe

sn’tmakeGreenbergfailtoappreciatethe__20__oflife.Healwayssaysheistheluckiestmanintheworld.【解题导语】Greenberg是哥伦比亚大学的一名优秀学生，他因患青光眼而失明，因此不愿见任何

人。幸运的是，在好朋友Arthur的帮助下，他克服了困难，重新找到了生活的美好。1．A.faithB．attitudeC．fortuneD．reputationC解析：根据空前一句“GreenbergwasaluckyguytoenterColumbiaUniversityonaf

ullscholarship.”和空后一句中的“hewasdiagnosed(诊断)withglaucoma(青光眼)”可推知，此处表示Greenberg的命运(fortune)发生了变化。故正确答案为C。2．A.litB．steamedC．clearedD

．cheeredB解析：根据空后的“andlaterhewasdiagnosed(诊断)withglaucoma(青光眼)”可推知，一天，他的视力变得模糊。故正确答案为B。3．A.OtherwiseB．MoreoverC．ThereforeD．HoweverD解

析：根据空前一句“ThendoctorsoperatedonGreenberg’seyes.”和空后的“thesurgerydidn’twork”可知，前后句是转折关系。However“但是，然而”符合语境。故正确答案为D。otherwis

e“否则”；moreover“而且，此外”；therefore“因此，所以”。4．A.shyB．desperateC．selfishD．nervousB解析：根据空前一句“Greenbergwasgoingblind.”可知，他是如此绝望(desperate)以至于拒绝见任何人。故正确答案为B

。5．A.offeredB．pretendedC．happenedD．learnedA解析：根据下文中的“Arthurread______tohimeveryday,takingtimeoutfromhisownst

udy”可知，Arthur说服Greenberg回到哥伦比亚大学，并主动提出(offered)成为他的“阅读器”。故正确答案为A。6．A.lettersB．newspapersC．textbooksD

．magazinesC解析：根据下文中的“Greenberg______scoringstraightA’s”并结合语境可推知，Arthur应该是给Greenberg读课本(textbooks)。故正确答案为C。7．A

.endedupB．carriedonC．imaginedD．consideredA解析：根据语境可知，在Arthur的帮助下，Greenberg最终取得了全优的成绩。endup“最后处于”符合语境。故正确答案为A。

8．A.curiousB．confidentC．excitedD．tentativeD解析：根据本句中的“Still”以及空后的“reliedonhisfriend”可推知，他对独处感到犹豫。tentative“犹豫的

”符合语境，故正确答案为D。9．A.abandonB．rescueC．comfortD．accompanyD解析：根据空后的“becauseofanappointment”可知，Arthur因为有约会而无法陪同(accompany)他。故正确答案为D。abandon“

抛弃，丢弃”；rescue“营救”；comfort“安慰”。10．A.compromisedB．panickedC．explainedD．apologizedB解析：根据语境可知，Greenberg还没有做好独处的准备，当Arthur无法陪同他时，他感到惊慌失措。故正确答案为

B。compromise“妥协”；explain“解释”；apologize“道歉”。11．A.leavingB．findingC．consultingD．servingA解析：根据空前的“Arthurwalkedoff”可知，A

rthur把Greenberg独自留在(leaving)纽约中央车站。故正确答案为A。12．A.tiredB．amusedC．confusedD．satisfiedC解析：根据语境并结合选项可知，对Arthur将他独自留下，他感到很困惑。confused“困惑的，糊涂的”符合语境

。故正确答案为C。13．A.gotoffB．pulledoverC．lookedaroundD．ranawayA解析：根据空后的“attheColumbiaUniversitystop”可推知，Greenberg在哥伦比亚大学站下了车。故正确答案为A。14．A.turne

dtoB．shoutedatC．knockedintoD．quarreledwithC解析：根据下文中的“Oops,excuseme,sir.”可推知，有人撞到了(knockedinto)Greenberg。故正确答案为C。15．A.raisedB．lostC．contro

lledD．recognizedD解析：根据下文“ItwasArthur’s.”可知，Greenberg认出了(recognized)Arthur的声音。故正确答案为D。16．A.angerB．pleasureC．reliefD．so

rrowA解析：根据语境可知，Arthur之前将他独自留下，现在又撞到了他，Greenberg第一反应应是愤怒(anger)。故正确答案为A。17．A.missedB．questionedC．ignoredD．achievedD解析：根据空后的“andrealized,too,w

hohadmadeitpossible”可知，Greenberg意识到他这次能独自回到学校而不用依靠Arthur，这是之前他一直犹豫而没敢去做的事情。故正确答案为D。18．A.GraduallyB．FinallyC．Obviously

D．StrangelyC解析：根据空后的“Arthurhadbeenwithhimthewholeday,usingoneofthemost______strategies”可推知，很明显(Obviously)，Arthur一整天都和他在一起，用一种最巧妙的(brilliant)计

策。故正确答案为C。19．A.brilliantB．familiarC．defensiveD．complexA解析：参见上题解析。familiar“熟悉的”；defensive“防御的”；complex“复杂的”。20．A.magicB．beautyC．wisdomD．truthB解析

：根据全文以及空后一句“Healwayssaysheistheluckiestmanintheworld.”可知，失明也未能阻止Greenberg欣赏生活的美好(beauty)。故正确答案为B。课时练22篇阅读＋1篇七选五＋1篇语法填空Ⅰ.阅读理解A(202

0·北京西城区高三模拟)WhenIwasthreeyearsold,Icouldn’tspeak.ItwasastrangerealitythatnoneofthedoctorsIvisitedcouldunderstand.Oned

ay,Iwasshadowing(尾随)mymother.Shefoundherselflookinginamirror,andthroughitoureyesmet.Shebegantospeaktom

ethroughthereflection,andIslowlybegantomimic(模仿)hermouth’smovementsuntilIformedaword.ItturnedoutthatI’mdeafinmyleftear,andha

veaslightprobleminmyright.Beinghardofhearinghasbeendifficult,butI’veneverlivedinastateofself­hatingsorrow

.Imaginebeingabletoshutoutallsoundasyoulayyourheaddowntosleepbysimplyrollingoverontooneside.That’smy

realitywhenIsleeponmy“goodear”，anditmakesmefeellikeasuperherosometimes.Peoplecallmydeafsidemy“badear”，butwhenIwearmyhearingaid

,Ihaveaccesstoarangeoffeaturesthatsomeotherdeafpeopledon’t.Incinemas,forexample,withoneclickofabuttonIcanenjo

yawholefilmasthoughitwerewhisperedtomefromthemouthsoftheactors.Owningahearingaidhasn’talwaysfeltgood,however.OnthefirstdayIgotmyaid,when

Iwaseight,Itookittoschoolforshowandtell.AsIexplainedhowitworkedtomyclassmates,aboyyelledout,“Aren’tthoseforoldmen？”Atthatmoment,Ifeltdi

fferent.Ittookalongtimeformetogetoverthatsenseofbeingsounlikemypeers.Butit’snotjustschoolkidswhocanmakeusdeafandhard-of-hearingpeopl

efeellikeburdens.Everyvideoonsocialmediathatlackssubtitles(字幕),forexample,meansanentirecommunityofdeafpeopleisunabletoenjoyit.Compl

etelydeafpeopleareexcludedfromenjoyingmanymoviestoo,assubtitlesincinemasarealmostimpossibletofind.Andwithhearingaidscostingaround$2，500each,itca

nbehardformanypeopletoaffordtobeabletolistentothingsthatotherstakeforgranted.Asforme,Icanlistentomusic,enjoyfilms,andcatchconversations—I’mlucky.I’m

deaf,butIcanstillheareverything.I’vebeenblessedwithwonderfullifeexperiences,andIamhuman.Andwhenitcomesto

sleeping,I’mevensuperhuman.【解题导语】本文主要讲述了作者积极应对自己听力障碍的励志故事。1．Howdoestheauthorviewhishearingdifficulty?A．It’sadisasterand

causeshimalotoftrouble.B．Itgavehimachancetoexperiencesomethingspecial.C．Itmadehimfeelembarrassedinfrontofhis

classmates.D．Ithelpedhimtoliveinhisownworldwithoutbeinginterrupted.B解析：推理判断题。根据对第三段的整体理解，尤其是最后一句“That’smyreality

whenIsleeponmy‘goodear’，anditmakesmefeellikeasuperherosometimes.”可推知，听力障碍让作者有了与众不同的体验，与最后一段倒数第二句“I’vebeenblessed

withwonderfullifeexperiences,andIamhuman.”呼应，故选B。2．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassageabouttheauthor?A．Hewasborndeaf.B．Heisoptimis

ticandhelpful.C．Hisfamilyandclassmateshavesupportedhimalot.D．Thehearingaidbringsmuchconveniencetohisdailylife.D解析：推理判断题。根

据第四段第一句“Peoplecallmydeafsidemy‘badear’，butwhenIwearmyhearingaid,Ihaveaccesstoarangeoffeaturesthatsomeotherdeafpeopledon’t.”和对

本段的整体理解可推知，助听器给作者的生活带来了诸多便利，故选D。3．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardshislife?A．Grateful.B．Anxious.C．Excited.D．Disappointed.A解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段第二句“Asfor

me,Icanlistentomusic,enjoyfilms,andcatchconversations—I’mlucky.”和第四句“I’vebeenblessedwithwonderfullifeexperiences,andIamhuman.”可推知，作者对自己的生活充满感激之情，故选A。

4．Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthepassage?A．Togiveadviceonlifetodisabledpeople.B．Toshowhowdi

fficultlifeisfordisabledpeople.C．Tosharehisexperienceoftreatingadisadvantagewithgratitude.D．Toshowtheconvenienceahearingaidcouldb

ring.C解析：写作意图题。根据对全文的整体理解可知，本文主要讲述了作者积极应对听力障碍的励志故事，故选C。B(2020·广东清远高三调研)Youtrytokeepyoureyeswideopenwhilewatchingabasketb

allmatchorawonderfulfireworkshowincaseyoumightmisssomethingexcitinginjusttheblinkofaneye.Butinfact,h

umansblinkabout15timesperminuteonaverage.Haveyouevermissedanythingbecauseyoublinked?Probablynot.Whyisthat?Accordingtoanewstu

dypublishedinthejournalCurrentBiologyinSeptember,ourbrainhastheabilitytoskipthetemporarydarknesswhenweblink.I

tcankeepvisualinformationforashortperiodoftimeandthenputittogethertoformanimagewithoutinterruption.Inordertounde

rstandhowthisworks,agroupofscientistsattheGermanPrimateCenterandtheUniversityCenterGottingeninGermanyconductedanexperiment.Inthest

udy,theparticipantswereaskedtolookatpatternsonascreenwhosedirectioncouldbeinterpretedindifferentways,sucha

shorizontally(水平地)orvertically(垂直地).Whenonepatternwasabouttodisappearandthenextonewasabouttocome,theparticipantshadtoindicatethedirection

thatthenextpatternwouldappear.Theresearchersfoundthatwhenthedirectionsoftwopatternsdidn’tmatch,theareainourbrainwhichis

responsibleforvisualmemorywasactivated.Thissameareashowedlessactivitywhentwopatternswereinthesamedirection.“Them

edialprefrontalcortex(额叶皮层)adjustscurrentvisualinformationwithpreviouslyobtainedinformation,andthusenablesustoperceivetheworldwithmorest

ability,evenwhenwebrieflycloseoureyestoblink，”CasparSchwiedrzikexplainedinScienceDaily.Heisthefirstauthorofthestudyandalsoascientis

tattheGermanPrimateCenter.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，眨眼并不会错过细节并解释了其原因。5．Wedon’tmissanythingwhenblinkingbecauseourbraincan________．A．dealwith

themissingimageB．rememberallthatweseeC．imaginewhatoureyesmissD．putourpiecesofmemorytogetherA解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Accordingtoanewstudy

publishedinthejournalCurrentBiologyinSeptember,ourbrainhastheabilitytoskipthetemporarydarknesswhenweblink.”

可知，根据九月份发表在《当代生物学》杂志上的一项新研究，我们的大脑有能力跳过我们眨眼时形成的暂时黑暗。据此可推知，由于我们的大脑能处理丢失的图像，所以眨眼不会让我们错过任何东西，故A项正确。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedwo

rd“it”inParagraph2referto?A．Ourbrain.B．Visualinformation.C．CurrentBiology.D．Thetemporarydarkness.B解析：代词

指代题。根据第二段第二句“Itcankeepvisualinformationforashortperiodoftimeandthenputittogethertoformanimagewithoutinterruption.”可知，大脑可以在短时间内

保存视觉信息，然后将其组合在一起形成不中断的图像，故可推知，it指代上文中的“visualinformation”，故B项正确。7．Whatdoweknowabouttheexperiment?A．Thetwopatternsappe

aratthesametime.B．Visualmemorycanbemoreactivatedbysimilarity.C．Participantscaninterpretpatternsdifferently.D．Thedifferentdirectionsactivatedvisualm

emory.D解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“whenthedirectionsoftwopatternsdidn’tmatch,theareainourbrainwhichisresponsibleforvisualmemorywasactivated.Thissameareas

howedlessactivitywhentwopatternswereinthesamedirection.”可知，当两个模式的方向不一致时，掌握视觉记忆的大脑区域则被激活；当两种模式在同一方向时，这个区域则显示出较少的活

动。据此可知，不同的方向能激活视觉记忆，故D项正确。8．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．TheBrain’sStructureB．TheBrain’sActivatedPatternsC．TheBrain’sS

pecialSkillD．TheBrain’sOrientationC解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一项科学研究。研究表明，眨眼不会错过细节并解释了其原因，即大脑有能力在短时间内保存视觉信息，然后将其组合在一起形成不中断的图像信息。

故C项最适合作本文的标题。Ⅱ.七选五(2020·重庆质量抽测)WaystoGetYourKidsintoNatureBeinginnatureforkidshastremendoushealthbenefits.Therearemanyway

syoucanincorporatenatureintoyourchildren’slives,evenifyouliveinthecity.Inspirecuriositybybeingcuriousyourself.Aparent’sexcitementcanbespreadt

othechildren,andwhenyoushowrespectfornature,yourchildrenfollowsuit.1.________.“Idon’tknow!Let’sfindouttogether.”isawonderfulwaytogettheball

rolling.Beopentoamutualadventureandallowyourcuriousinnerchildtocomeoutwhileyouexplorenaturewithyourchildren.2．________.Ifyouhavetocarp

ool(拼车)inthemorning,turnoffthedevicesinsteadandencourageyourchildrentolookoutofthewindow.Theearlymorningf

allskiesarebeautifulwithcolorandmigratingbirds.Afterall,evenviewsofnaturefromthecarwindowarecalmingandbeneficial.Stopth

inkingaboutnaturetimeasleisuretime.Timeinnatureisanessentialinvestmentinyourchildren’shealthandwell­bei

ng.Ifyouviewnaturetimeasessentialtogoodhealth,youwillbemorelikelytoengageinit.3.________，nurturingcreativit

yandwonderispartofyourresponsibilityasparents.Lookatthestars.Visityourlocalobservatory,andthendriveoutofthecitysomemorningor

eveningforyourownstargazing(天体观察)withablanketandtelescope.Observingthestarsoffersadeeperandwiderunder

standingoftheuniverse.4.________．Plantasmallgarden.5.________.Beanandpeaplantsgrowquicklyandcanbeeatenwhenma

ture,soteachyourchildrenaboutfoodandthewonderofgrowth.A．LimitelectronicdeviceswhiledrivingB．Encouragequestionsyoudon’tknowtheanswerstoC．Ifyouwanttora

iseyourhealthyandwell­balancedchildrenD．Ifyouhavethespace,helpyourchildrenplantafewvegetablesE．Itwillteachteamwork,pride

inthecommunity,andfamilytogethernessF．Ifyourchildisinterested,encouragehimtogetinvolvedinthecommunityG．All

owyourselftothinkaboutit,andtalktoyourchildrenaboutthatwonder【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了让孩子融入自然的一些方法。1．B解析：根据下文中的“‘Idon’tknow!Let’sfindou

ttogether.’isawonderfulwaytogettheballrolling.”，并与上文中的“Inspirecuriosity”呼应可推知，此处表示鼓励孩子一起探索你自己也不知道答案的问题，从而引起孩子的好奇心，故选B

项。2．A解析：根据空后一句“Ifyouhavetocarpool(拼车)inthemorning,turnoffthedevicesinsteadandencourageyourchildrentolookoutofthewindow.”可推知

，开车时关掉电子设备，多看看窗外也是一种与自然接触的方式，故选A项。3．C解析：承接上文“Timeinnatureisanessentialinves­tmentinyourchildren’shealthandwell­being.”和空后的“

nurturingcreativity...asparents”可推知，如果想要培养出健康、明智的孩子，培养他们的创造性和好奇心也是作为父母的责任，故选C项。4．G解析：根据上文“Observingthestarsoffersadeeperandwid

erunderstandingoftheuniverse.”可推知，和孩子一起观察星空能够加深孩子对自然界的理解，与G项呼应，故选G项。5．D解析：承接上文“Plantasmallgarden.”，并与下文“Beanandpeaplantsgrowquicklyandcanbeeatenw

henmature,soteachyourchildrenaboutfoodandthewonderofgrowth.”呼应可推知，此处作者建议父母开辟一个小菜园，帮孩子种些蔬菜，一起见证它们生长的奇迹，故选D项。Ⅲ.语法填空(2020·合肥重点高中摸底)Icanwellrememb

erthatIwasonceaskedtodeliveraspeechtitled“ARealTestinMyLife”beforethewholeclassattheageof9!Youcanimaginehow1.____________(terrible)shyIwaswith

somanyeyesfixedonme.Ihadnochoicebut2.____________(prepare)forit,though.Firstofall,Iwastodraftthespeech,3.____________wasj

ustapieceofcakeforme,agoodwriter.Butthehardestpart4.____________(lie)inmyoralpresentationfrommymemory—forit5.__________(forbid)toreadfromthepaper.

TherealmomentbeganwhenIstoodontheplatformwithmylegs6.____________(tremble)andmymindblank.Butmylistenerswerewaitingpatientlywithoutanysignsofrushi

ngme.GraduallyIfound7.____________back,deliveringmyspeechwithoutdifficulty.After8.____________seemedtobeahundredyears,Ifoundmyaudienceapplau

ding—Imadeit!Fromthenon,myfearoftalkingbeforetheaudiencedisappeared.Actuallywithmy9.____________(confident)builtup,Inowturnouttobeagre

atspeaker.Lookingback,Iknowthe10.____________(great)difficultyonmywaytosuccessismyfear.OvercomeitandIwillbeabletoachievemygoals.【解题导语】本文主要讲述了作者通过

一次演讲克服了自己的恐惧心理，增强了自信。1．terribly解析：考查副词。修饰形容词一般用副词，故用副词terribly修饰形容词shy，在句中作状语。2．toprepare解析：考查非谓语动词。havenochoicebuttodosth.为固定用法，意为“除了做某事，别无选

择”，符合语境，故此处用不定式形式。3．which解析：考查关系词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语，指代“todraftthespeech”，故填which。4．lay解析：

考查动词的时态。根据上文中的“was”可知，文中描述的事情发生在过去，故此处用动词的过去式，故填lay。5．wasforbidden解析：考查动词的时态和语态。forbid和句子的形式主语it之间是被动关系，且事情发生在过去，

故用一般过去时的被动语态。6．trembling解析：考查with复合结构。“with＋宾语(名词或代词)＋宾补”为独立主格结构。此处mylegs和tremble构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词形式。7．myself解析：考查代词。根据语境可知，此处表示“我发现我自己

恢复原状”，应为“foundmyselfback”，故填反身代词myself。8．what解析：考查连词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“……的东西”，故用what引导该宾语从句。9．confidence解析：考查词性转换。由

空前的形容词性物主代词my可知，此处用名词形式，故填confidence。10．greatest解析：考查形容词最高级。根据语境和空前的定冠词the以及空后的名词difficulty可知，此处应用形容词的最

高级形式，故填greatest。获得更多资源请扫码加入享学资源网微信公众号www.xiangxue100.com