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一、语基必备知识(一)重点词汇——分类记忆Ⅰ.阅读词汇——知其意1．sidewaysadv.向一边，向一侧2．verticaladj.垂直的，竖的3．rainbown.彩虹4．woollenadj.羊毛制的5．consciencen.良心6．dimension
n.方面；度量7．botanyn.植物学8．symphonyn.交响乐，交响曲9．dignityn.尊贵；庄严10．polishedadj.优雅的，精致的11．shabbyadj.低劣的；肮脏破烂的12．romanticadj.浪漫的13．stoutadj.肥胖的14．themen.主
题15．cataloguen.商品目录Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形1．superioradj.高级的，上等的2．overweightadj.超重的，过重的3．accompanyvt.伴随，陪同4．rangen.(数、量、年龄等的)变化范围；等级；类别5．subjectiveadj.主观的6．delic
ateadj.精美的，雅致的7．vainadj.自负的，炫耀的8．abruptadj.突然的，出其不意的9．bendv.弯曲10．unlikeprep.不像，和……不同11．conveyvt.传达，表达12．affectionn.爱慕，钟爱13．trapvt.诱捕，设圈套14．man
nern.方式，方法15．drawbackn.缺点，弊端Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变1．breathlessadj.令人屏息的→breathn．呼吸→breathev．呼吸2．adorevt.敬爱，非常喜欢→adorationn．热爱；爱慕→adorableadj.可爱的3．c
onsistentadj.一致的，始终如一的→consistencyn．连贯性，一致性→consistentlyadv.连续地4．commitmentn．责任，义务；承诺→commitvt.犯(罪或错误等)5．commandn．&v．命令，指挥→commandern．指挥官6．acce
ssibleadj.容易理解的→accessn．接近，进入，通道；(使用或见到的)机会，权利7．delivervt.递送，传送→deliveryn．送货；投递8．thrilln．兴奋；恐惧v．使兴奋→thr
illedadj.非常兴奋的→thrillingadj.令人激动的9．refreshvt.消除……的疲劳，使振作精神→refreshingadj.使人精神振作的→refreshmentn．恢复精神，心旷神怡10．tendencyn．倾向，趋势→tendv．有……的趋势，倾向于……11．distur
bingadj.使人烦恼的→disturbv．妨碍，扰乱→disturbancen．扰乱，骚乱，不安12．steadyadj.平稳的；稳定的→steadilyadv.平稳地13．freezingadj.严寒的，冰冻的→freezev．将……冷冻，冻僵→frozenad
j.结冰的，冷冻的14．treatvt.对待→treatmentn．对待；处理15．strikevt.打；打动n．罢工；打击→strikingadj.引人注目的，突出的16．evidentadj.明显的，明白的→evidencen．证据，证明17．recomme
ndvt.推荐，介绍→recommendationn．推荐，介绍1.“观点，态度”形容词荟萃①positive积极的②subjective主观的③neutral中立的④objective客观的⑤negative消极的⑥critica
l批评的⑦doubtful怀疑的2.“喜欢”词汇个个清①adore②enjoy③love/like④prefer⑤feellike⑥bekeenon⑦beaddictedto3.含后缀“-less”的形容词集锦①endless
永无休止的②hopeless无望的③worthless无价值的④breathless令人屏息的⑤careless粗心的⑥helpless无助的⑦homeless无家可归的(二)重点短语——记牢用活1．die__out完全消失，灭绝
2．compared__to/with与……比较起来3．hang__on__a__second等一下4．a__set__of一套5．fall__in__love__with...爱上……6．be__keen__on...热衷于……，非常喜
欢……7．lose__sight__of看不见8．deal__with对付，处理9．in__charge__of负责，管理10．in__an__instant立即，马上，突然11．be__trapped__in.
..被困在……中12．to__be__honest说实话13．bits__and__pieces各种各样的零碎东西14．in__preparation__for为……做准备15．rely__on依靠，依赖1.“控制，掌管”家族①incontrolof控制，掌管②takecontrolof控制
，掌控③takechargeof控制，掌管④inchargeof负责，管理⑤inthechargeof由……掌管⑥underthecontrolof在……控制下2.sight短语集锦①atfirstsight
初次见面；乍一看②atthesightof看到③outofsight看不到④in/withinsight在视野内⑤comeintosight出现⑥losesightof看不见3.fall相关短语全扫描①fal
lasleep睡着②fallill生病③fallapart破碎；散架④fallbehind落后⑤fallover摔倒⑥fallinlovewith...爱上……(三)重点句式——背熟巧用句型公式教材原
句句型1：don’tthink...为否定转移结构Oh,Idon’t__thinkthat’sfair！噢，我认为那是不公平的！句型2：倒装句：so＋系动词/助动词/So__do__I...我也一样……情态动词＋主语句型3：“名词＋过去分词”构成的独立主格结构Head__
bent,__inhomesicknessIamdrowned.低头思故乡。二、语境强化训练Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式1．TheChinesefolksongconveying(传达)t
hefeelingofsadnessforthemissinglovedoneislovedbymanypeoplelivingabroad.2．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationof
polarbearsasmuchoftherange(范围)hasbeenpoorlystudied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20，000－25，000
polarbearsworldwide.3．Thosewhohavetroublebending(弯腰)canhavearestintheroom.4．Hespokeinsucharudemanner(方式)thatshe
refusedtoreply.5．Oneofhismajorshortcomingsisthathealwaysbaseshisjudgementonsubjective(主观的)opinions.6．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Oncehismessagew
asdelivered(deliver),heallowedmetostayandwatch.7．Educationinolddayswasnotaccessible(access)towomeninthatcountry.8．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Ourhostssharedmanyofthei
rexperiencesandrecommended(recommend)wonderfulplacestoeat,shop,andvisit.9．Itwaswellbelowfreezing(freeze)whenweleftthevillagethatmorning.10．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ
)Accordingtoareviewofevidence(evident)inamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyearslongerthatnonrunners.Ⅱ.派生词练习——用所给词
的适当形式填空1．Themagicofhismusiccontinuedtothrillaudience.Alltheaudiencewerethrilledtolistentohisthrillingmusic.(thrill
)2．Sorrytodisturbyou,butIneedaplacewhereIcanworkwithoutdisturbanceandthenoiseinyourroomistoodisturbing．
(disturb)3．It’ssofreezingthatyou’llfreezeifyoudon’tputthecoaton.Thegroundisfrozenunderthethinsnow.(freeze)4．Yourreplytoth
esequestionsshowednorealconsistency．TheywerenotconsistentwithwhatyousaidearlierandI’mfedupwithyourcons
istentlylying.(consistent)5．Fromthelookoftheadorationinhiseyes,Iknewthatheadoredtheseadorablecookies.(adore)Ⅲ.选词成篇bekeenon;comparedto;inaninstant
;fallinlovewith;inpreparationfor;dealwith1．Compared__tome,myfriendTomtakeschargeofabiggercompany.Hisgirlfriend2.is__keen__oncomingupw
ithnewideas.Tom3.fell__in__love__withher4.in__an__instantwhenhecameacrossheratabigmeeting.Theyoften5.deal__withproblemstoget
her.Tomyjoy,theyare6.in__preparation__fortheirweddingatpresent.turnup;bebasedon;betrappedin;tobehonest;relyon;inchargeof7．To__be__hones
t,__Mary8.is__trapped__introuble.Itishergrandparentswhoare9.in__charge__ofherlifeandstudyallthetime.Shecan’tlivealifewhich10.is__based__
onherownability.Whenevershemeetswithdifficulties,herparentswill11.turn__up.Butrecently,theyfellill.Soshehasto1
2.rely__onherselftoliveandstudy.Ⅳ.完成句子1．(2017·北京卷)她认为她对心肺复苏不够了解。Shedidn’t__thinksheknewCPRwellenough.2．当我们开始与陌生
人交谈的时候，我们想要感到舒服，他们也是这样。Whenwebeginconversationswithnewpeople,wewanttofeelcomfortable,andso__do__they．3．作业完成之后，男孩
就出去和他的朋友们踢球去了。His__homework__finished,__theboywenttoplayfootballwithhisfriends.accompanyvt.陪伴；伴奏；附有；配有[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(2018·浙江
卷6月)Foranother,Ihaveaccumulatedrelatedexperiencebyworkingparttimeinatravelagency,accompanying(accompany)someforeigntourists.
②(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Teresapostedaphotoofthechancemeetingonasocialnetworkingwebsiteaccompanied(accompany)bythetouchingwords.③Wh
ileshewassingingonthestage,hermotherwasaccompanyingheronthepiano.[能力提升]——完成句子④因为在节日时无人陪伴，这位老太太感到孤独。With__nobody
__accompanying__her__during__the__festival,__theoldladyfeltlonely.(with复合结构)(1)accompanysb.＝keepsb.company陪伴某人accompanysb.tosomeplace陪伴某人到某地acc
ompanysb.on＋乐器用某种乐器为某人伴奏(2)companionn.同伴；伙伴[佳句背诵]Wedidalotfortheelderlyatthenursinghome,cleaningtheirrooms，washingclothes
forthemandaccompanyingthem,whichmadethemveryhappy.在敬老院我们为老人做了许多事情，打扫房间、洗衣服、陪伴他们，这使他们非常高兴。(全国卷Ⅱ)rangen．山脉；范围；行列v．排列；变化；包括……之间
的各类事物[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(2017·北京卷)Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,ranging(range)frombutterfliestoel
ephants.②a.Ifwearen’twithin/inrangeofthesignal,ourphonescan’tbeused.b．(天津卷)Thepricewasbeyondourrange,sowedeclined.[能力提升]——词汇升级③(普通表
达)Inadditiontothesetraditionalactivities,wehavemanydifferentchoicessuchastravelingandvisitingourrelativ
esorfriends.(辽宁卷)(高级表达)Inadditiontothesetraditionalactivities，wehavea__wide__range__ofchoicessuchastravelingandvisitingourrelativ
esorfriends.(1)rangefrom...to...＝rangebetween...and...在……范围内变动(2)arangeof一系列……awiderangeof大范围的；各种各样的(3)in/withinrangeofsth.在某范围内outof/bey
ondrangeofsth.在某范围外[佳句背诵]Dragonpattern,asatraditionaldecorativepatternofChina,hasawiderangeofapplicationsinthetraditionalclothingandotherareas
.龙纹是中国传统的装饰纹样，在传统服饰以及其他领域中都有广泛的应用。commandn．命令；(常用于军队)指挥；控制v．命令；指挥；掌握；支配[基础练习]——单句语法填空①a.Thepresidentcommandedthatalltheinf
ormation(should)__be__sent(send)tohimrightaway.b．Themanagergavehiscommandthatmeasuresshould__be__taken(take)immediatelytocorrectallthemistakesmad
einmarketing.②Thebosscommandedhisworkersnotto__leave(leave)theirofficebeforesixo’clockbecausehehadanimportantthingtoannounce.③Mr.Whitewasin
commandofthatcompanyafterMr.Smithretired.[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级④(普通表达)Ihave__such__a__good__command__of__English__that
(英语学得很好以至于)IamelectedasassistanttomyEnglishteacher.(such...that...)⑤(高级表达)Such__a__good__command__of__English__do__I__have__that__I__am__elect
ed__as__assistant__to__my__English__teacher.(倒装句)(1)haveagoodcommandof掌握，精通……incommandof掌握；控制(2)commandsb.todosth.命令某人做某事commandthats
b.(should)dosth.命令某人应该做某事[佳句背诵]LargefootballclubsbenefitfinanciallyfromTVincomeandthetopplayerscancommandverylargesalaries.大型足球
俱乐部从电视收入中获得利润，顶尖的运动员也能得到高额的薪水。(江西卷)[名师点津]后接宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时，从句的谓语动词用“(should)do”的单词有：一坚持(insist)；二命令(order，command)；三建议(advise，suggest，recommend)；
四要求(require，request,demand,desire)。delivervt.递送，传送，传达；发表(演讲等)；接生；生(小孩)[一词多义]——写出下列句中deliver的含义①PresidentXidelivereda
nimportantreportconcerningChina’sfutureatthemeeting.发表演讲②Hehastoearnhislivingbydeliveringpurewatertocus
tomers.运送③It’sastoryofhowLinQiaozhiwentlateatnighttodeliverababyforapoorfamily.接生[基础练习]——单句语法填空④Wouldyouliketohavethelat
estnewspapersdelivered(deliver)toyourdoor?⑤Theoldmansaidthattheyhadn’tmaderegulardeliveries(deliver)foraweek.⑥ThescientistwillflytoFranceto
__deliver(deliver)aspeechattheconference.(1)deliversth.tosb.把某物递送/传送给某人deliveraspeech/lecture/talk发表演讲/授课/讲话(2)d
eliveryn.送货；分娩[佳句背诵]Bythemeansofcontrolledrelease,Ionlyneedtodeliverbookstootherparticipants,notonlyarebooksshared
butitcanbuildupabridgeconnectingreadersfromdifferentpartsoftheworldaswell.通过定向分享，我只需要把书送达别的参加者手里，书不但被分享，而且也建立了桥梁联系世界不
同地区的读者。(重庆卷)conveyvt.传达，表达；运送；传导，传播[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Theytookamorereasonableapproach,conveying(convey)totheirchildrenhowsuccessatschoolcouldimp
rovetheirlives.②Thepoliceaskedthedriverto__convey(convey)thepassengerstothedestinationsafely.[能力提升]——词
汇升级③(普通表达)Iwouldliketoexpressmysincerethankstoyouforyourhelp.(高级表达)Iwouldliketoconvey__my__sincere__appreciationtoyouforyourassistance．conveysth.tos
b.向某人表达/传达某事conveyone’sfeelings/meanings表达某人的感情/意思convey...fromAtoB把……从A地运送到B地[佳句背诵]Themessageconveyedhereiscl
ear：“Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.”这里传达的信息很清楚：“事实胜于雄辩。”(江苏卷)treatvt.&vi.治疗；对待；款待n．款待；招待[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Menandwomenmustbe__treated(treat)equallyineduca
tionandemployment.②(2018·浙江卷6月)Itwassummer,andmydadwantedtotreatmetoavacationlikeneverbefore.③(天津卷)Cathysufferedsometerribleillnessinherearlychildh
ood.Afteryearsofregulartreatment(treat),shefinallybecamehealthy.[能力提升]——句式升级④(普通表达)Ifthepatientwastreatedinaproperway,hewaslikelytobesaved.(高级
表达)Treated__in__a__proper__way，thepatientwaslikelytobesaved.(分词作状语)(1)treatsb.as...把某人当……看待treatsth.seriously
认真对待某事/某物treatsb./oneselfto...用……款待某人/自己(2)It’smytreat.我请客。[佳句背诵]Ourteachersarekindtousandtreatusastheirfrie
nds.我们的老师对我们都很好，并且拿我们当朋友对待。[联想发散]“把……当……看待”的表达形式：①treat...as...；②regard/consider...as；③think__of...as...strikev．(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；击打；突然想到(想法)；打动；(钟)敲n．
罢工[一词多义]——写出下列句中strike的词性和含义①Shewaspracticingsurfingwhenasharkstruck.v．袭击②IheardtheclockstrikingeightwhenIwokeupt
hismorning.v.(钟)敲③(2018·浙江卷11月)IwasjustabouttopaythetaxidriverwhenitstruckmethatIhadleftmywalletontheairplane.v．突然想到④(福建卷)Theworkerswil
lgoonstrikeifthedemandstheyputforwardareturneddown.n．罢工[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级⑤(普通表达)Iwas__struck/stricken__by(被打动)hisinspiringwords,andIdecidedtomakeeffo
rtstoimprovemyEnglish.⑥(高级表达)Struck/Stricken__by__his__inspiring__words,__IdecidedtomakeeffortstoimprovemyEnglish.(分词作状语)(1)sth.strikessb.某人突然想出
……Itstrikessb.that/todo...某人想到……bestruckby...被……打动；迷恋……strikesb.in/on＋the＋身体部位打某人某部位(2)beon/goonstrike在/举行罢工[佳句背诵]Wh
atstruckmemostwastheenthusiasmofthelocalpeople.给我印象最深的是当地人的热情。[词块助记]Strikewhiletheironishot.趁热打铁。strikeabalance两者兼顾；
达到平衡strikeadeal达成协议recommendv．推荐；建议[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(天津卷)Itwasreallyannoying;Icouldn’tgetaccesstothedatabankyo
uhad__recommended(recommend)．②(2018·北京卷)Irecommendapplying(apply)forPekingUniversity.③a.Irecommendyouto__think(think)carefullybeforey
oumakeanydecision.b．Irecommendthatyou(should)__think(think)carefullybeforeyoumakeanydecision.[能力提升]——完成句子④我想推荐李华为篮球俱乐部的领导人。Iwouldliketorecommend_
_Li__Hua__to__be/as__the__leaderofthebasketballclub.⑤人们建议所有的准备都做好以后才开始这项计划。It__is__recommended__thattheprojectshouldnotbestarteduntilallthep
reparationshavebeenmade.(1)recommendsth.tosb./recommendsb.sth.向某人推荐/介绍某物recommenddoingsth.建议做某事recommendsb.todosth.建议某人做某事recommendthat...(should
)do...建议……(应该)做……Itis/wasrecommendedthat...(should)do...有人建议……(应该)做……(2)recommendationn.推荐；建议[佳句背诵]AgreatmanytouristspotscanbefoundalongtheY
angtzeRiver,andthat’swhyIrecommendyouthetrip/recommendthetriptoyou.长江沿岸景点数不胜数，这就是我向你推荐这条线路的原因。(2017·北京
卷)dieout灭亡；逐渐消失[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Asaconsequence,manyspeciesarequicklydyingout．②Whentheapplausehaddieddown,__shebeganherspeech.③Youmentionedthatyouwou
ldliketoteachEnglishinreturn,whichisexactlywhatIam__dying(die)for.[能力提升]——词汇/句式升级④(普通表达)Asthelivingenviron
mentbecomesworseandworse,manyspeciesaregraduallydisappearing.(高级表达)With__the__living__environment__becomin
g__worse__and__worse,__manyspeciesaregraduallydying__out．(with的复合结构)(1)dieaway(声音、光线等)逐渐消失dieof/from因……而死diedown减弱；平息(2)bedyingfor很想要；渴望bed
yingtodosth.极想干某事[佳句背诵]Somerarebirdsintheareaareindangerofdyingoutbecauseofhumanactivities.这一地区的一些稀有鸟类由于人类活动正面临灭绝的危险。loseone’s
sight失明[能力提升]——完成句子①只有鼠目寸光的人才会看不见教育的重要性。Onlyashortsightedmanwilllose__sight__of__the__importance__of__education．②我从窗户向外看去，看见了一列急驰而过的火车
。Ilookedoutofthewindowandcaught__sight__ofatrainpassingbyveryquickly.③听到这个消息，他走进大厅，但是一个人也没看见。Hearingthenews,hewalkedintothebighall,buttherewasnob
odyin/within__sight．losesightof...看不见……；忽略；忘记catchsightof...望见/看到……comeintosight出现在眼前，进入视野atthesightof...在看到……时in/withinsight在视线内，可以被
看见outofsight看不见了，不被人看见[语段背诵]Whenwedrovearoundacorner,atallmountaincameintosight.Atthesightofthemountain,allthechildrenbegantoshout.Wedro
veonandabouttwentyminuteslater，themountainwasoutofsight—infrontofuswasabigforest.tobehonest(withyou)坦白说；老实告诉你(通常置于句首)[能力提升]——完成句子①说实话，我不同意
你在会议上说的话。To__be__honest__with__you,__Idon’tagreewithwhatyouhavesaidatthemeeting.②如果你对别人真诚，别人也会对你如此。If__you__are__honest__with__others,__theywill
dothesametoyou.③说实话，我不喜欢黄渤主演的电影。Honestly__speaking,__Idon’tlikethefilmsstarredbytheactorHuangBo.(1)behonestwithsb.对某人说老实话，对某人坦诚Itishonestofsb.tod
osth.某人做某事是诚实的。(2)honestlyspeaking说实在的，说真的[佳句背诵]Tobehonest,Idon’tlikethewayhespeakstome.说实话，我不喜欢他对我说话的方式。dealwith处理；安排；对付；论及；涉
及；与……打交道；做买卖[一词多义]——写出下列句中dealwith的含义①(2019·浙江卷6月)Theprinciplefordealingwithpraiseistoconsiderthelinkbetweenprai
seandeffort.处理②Hisarticledealswithmanyissueswearegreatlyconcernedabout.论及；涉及③Hisworkexperienceequippedhimtodeal
withallkindsofpeople.与……打交道[能力提升]——一句多译事实上，我不知道他们将如何处理这个问题。④Asamatteroffact,Idon’tknowhow__they__will__deal__with__the__problem．
(dealwith)⑤Infact,I’matalosswhat__they__will__do__with__the__problem．(dowith)(1)dowithsth.处理某事(2)makeadeal达成协议(3)agreat/gooddeal大量，许多agreat/goodde
alof＋不可数名词大量的……[佳句背诵]Wecertainlydospendagreatdealofourtimewaiting.我们确实花费许多时间等待。[名师点津](1)dealwith表示“处理”时，常与连接副词how连用。(2)dowith表示“处理”时，常与连接代词wh
at连用。倒装句：so＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语(教材P37)SodoI...我也一样……[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)ThemostfamousdesignersareChinese,soarethemodels,andsoaretheconsumers.②The
ycouldn’tfindoutthecauseofthefire;neither/norcouldwe.[能力提升]——完成句子③(湖北卷)—Father,youpromised!—Well,so__
I__did(我的确如此).Butitwasyouwhodidn’tkeepyourwordfirst.④MarywasborninAustraliaandshelivedintheUnitedStates.So__it__was_
_with__Jane/It__was__the__same__with__Jane(珍也是如此)．(1)“so＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”意为“……也一样”，表示前面所述的肯定情况也适用于后者。(2)“neither
/nor＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”，意为“……也不”，表示前面所述的否定情况也适用于后者。(3)“soitiswith...＝itisthesamewith...”意为“……也一样”，表示前面出现的两种或几种情况
也适合于另一个人或事。(4)“so＋主语＋系动词/助动词/情态动词”意为“……的确如此”，表示同意上文所述内容。“名词＋过去分词”构成的独立主格结构(教材P38)Headbent,inhomesicknessIamdrowned.低头思故乡。[基础练习]——单句语法填空①
Somuchworkto__do(do),wehavenotimetoplay.②Theguideleading(lead)theway,wehadnotroublegettingoutoftheforest.③Thetaskcompleted(complete),wehadaglobaltrav
eling.[能力提升]——句式升级(普通表达)Hewaslisteningattentivelyinclass,andhiseyeswerefixedontheblackboard.④(高级表达)Hewaslisteningattentivelyinclas
s,his__eyes__fixed__on__the__blackboard．(独立主格结构)⑤(高级表达)Hewaslisteningattentivelyinclass,with__his__eyes__fixed__on__the__blackboard．(with复合
结构)(1)名称或代词主格＋分词(2)名称或代词主格＋不定式(3)名称或代词主格＋形容词(副词、名词、介词短语)[佳句背诵]Wehavethreelargemulti－mediaclassroomsinourschool,eache
quippedwiththenewestcomputers.我们学校有三个大的多媒体教室，每一间都配备了最新的电脑。[名师点津]独立主格结构的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致，它独立存在。该结构在句中一般作状语，
表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。维度一在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式1．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Authenticfiregear(服装)isprovidedforyourwarmthasourentertainerstakeyoutosomeofthemostthrilling(thrill
)partsofSanFrancisco.2．Iwascompletelybreathless(breathe)whenIgottothetopofthemountain.3．Thereisadisturbing(di
sturb)increaseinthecrimerateinthatarea.4．Thereisagrowingtendency(tend)forpeopletoreturntothehometowntostarttheirbusines
s.5．Thedoctorsrecommendthatthechild(should)__have(have)abalanceddiet.维度二在空白处填入1个适当的单词1．Itisobviousthatwhathesaysisnotcons
istentwithwhathedoes.2．Yourbrandisapromiseofthevalueyou’lldelivertoyourcustomer.3．Whenthefirereachedthetown,itbegan
todiedown,__becausetherewasnothinglefttoburn.4．Ibackedupandwenttheotherdirection,tobehonestwithyou.5．Ify
oudidcome,shewouldtreatmetoanicecream.维度三语境品词(写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义)1．Theheadmasterdeliveredanimportantspeechatthemeetingyesterday,whichleftadeepimpres
siononhisstudents.发表2．Representingourschool,I’mwritingtoconveymysincereappreciationtoyouforthelectureconcerningbodyla
nguageyougaveuslastweek.表达3．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernmentstartedasoil－testingprogramwhichgivesspe
cificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers—and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.建议4．Inresponset
otheappeal,Ihavemadesomechangesinmywayoflife,whichrangesfromtransportationtowatersaving.变化5．WhenclimbingMountHuang,allthetouristswerestruck
byitsbeauty.迷恋6．(2018·江苏卷)It’svitalthatnewcompulsoryage-appropriaterelationshipandsexeducationlessonsinEnglandshouldhelpequipchil
drentodealwiththegrowingdemandsofsocialmedia.处理提能一语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)BeforemeetingMrs.Li
u,Iwasatroublesomestudentinmyclassandcaused1.endless(end)troubleformyclass.Thosesuperiorstudentsdidn’tlikegettingalong2.withme.Theheadmastere
vengaveacommandthatI3.(should)__be__sent(send)backhome.ItwasevidentthatIlivedinafreezingenvironment.However,ou
rChineseteacher,Mrs.Liu,treatedmeinadifferentmanner.ShefoundthatIhad4.agreatgiftforChineseliteratureoutofmydrawbacks.Shegavemea5.r
ecommendation(recommend)thatIshouldreadsomeancientpoems.Shechosesomeaccessiblepoemsforme.6.Later(lat
e),shechosesomedifficultones.Ihadavagueunderstandingofthem.Mrs.Liuexplainedtherealmeaningofthemtomeandtaughtmehow7.to__be(be)arealman.8.Gradual
ly(gradual),Ichangedinmanyways.Ireadarangeofpoems.IfeltashamedforwhatIhaddonebeforeinmyconscience.Thosepoemsdeliveredpositivem
essages.9．Accompanied(accompany)bythesepoems,Iwentthroughmyhighschoolhappily.Ongraduationday,ImadeacommitmentthatIwouldbeconsistentinlovingpoems.1
0.Ifpossible,IwillbecomeaChineseteacher.提能二话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)①很多女孩子因为节食而身体变得很脆弱。Manygirlshave__become__delicatebecauset
hey__are__going__on__a__diet．②很多人一直努力减肥，但是徒劳无功。Manyofthemhave__been__trying__to__lose__weight,__but__in__vain．③我认为应该向这些女孩子传达正确的信息。Ithin
kweshouldconvey__some__right__information__to__the__girls．④她们应该吃由蔬菜和水果组成的晚餐。Theyshouldhavedinnerswhich__consist__of__vegetables__and__fruit
s．⑤很明显，经常运动会帮助保持稳定的体重。Evidently,regularexercisehelps__them__keep__steady__weight．2．升级平淡句⑥用现在分词作后置定语升级句④They__should__have__di
nners__consisting__of__vegetables__and__fruits.⑦用it作形式主语升级句⑤It__is__evident__that__regular__exercise__helps__the
m__keep__steady__weight.3．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：nowadays,also)________________________________________________________
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ssibleversion：Nowadaysmanygirlshavebecomedelicatebecausetheyaregoingonadiet.Manyofthemhavebeentryingtoloseweight,butinvai
n.Ithinkweshouldconveysomerightinformationtothegirls.Theyshouldhavedinnersconsistingofvegetablesandfruits.It
isevidentthatregularexercisealsohelpsthemkeepsteadyweight.课时练12篇阅读＋1篇完形Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·合肥调研)Lifeonthestreetisaconstantstruggleforhom
elesspeople.Intimesofextremeweatherconditions,thatstrugglebecomesevenmoredifficult.Recently,homelesspeopleacrossC
hicagofacedfreezingtodeathiftheycouldn’tfindshelterforthenight.Thankfully,onelocalwomanrefusedtoletthathappen.OnJanuary30,
2018,34yearoldCandicePayne,alocalmanagingbroker,wasluckyenoughtohaveshelterfromthedangerousconditions.“
Itwas－20℃，andIknewtheyweregoingtobesleepingoniceandIhadtodosomething，”saidPayne.Paynestartedbrainstormingdifferentwaysshecouldpo
ssiblyhelp.Finally,shedecidedtoseeiftherewereanyroomsavailableatlocalinnsandhotelsthatshecouldgettohelpthosestuckonthe
street.ForPayne,hermissionwaspersonal.AccordingtoPayne,herhusband,CarlosCallahan,hadlivedonthestreetatonepointin
hislife.Basedonhisexperiences,Payneknewthatthehomelesspeoplestilloutonthestreetdesperatelyneededhelpandtha
tifshedidn’tstepuptohelp,noonelikelywould.However,whenPayneexplainedwhatshewastryingtodo,manyofthelocalhotelsrefu
sedtoallowhertopayfortheroomsastheydidn’twanthomelesspeopletostayintheirrooms.“Noonewantedthem,butonehot
el,theAmberInn,wasniceenoughtoallowmetobuytherooms，”saidPayne.Payne’sselflessactmadenewsacrossthecountry.However,sheinsistedshehadneverdoneitfo
rattention.“Iamaregularperson，”saidPayne,whospentthousandsofdollarsofherownmoneytohelpcompletestrangers.“Itallsoundedlikearichpersondidthis,butI’m
justalittleblackgirlfromtheSouthSide.”【解题导语】本文主要讲述了一位普通的芝加哥女士受到她丈夫经历的触动，为防止无家可归者在大街上被冻死，决定为他们订旅馆的房间。她的无私善举传遍全国。1．Wh
atdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph2referto?A．Localslivingonthestreet.B．Thehomelessfreezingtodeath.C．T
heextremeweather.D．Theshelterforthehomeless.B解析：代词指代题。根据第一段最后一句“Recently,homelesspeopleacrossChicagofacedfreezi
ngtodeathiftheycouldn’tfindshelterforthenight.”可知，最近芝加哥各地的无家可归者如果找不到过夜的地方，就会被冻死。结合画线词所在句可知，幸好，一位当地的女士拒绝让
此发生。据此可推知，画线词that指代“Thehomelessfreezingtodeath”。2．HowdidCandicePaynehelpthehomelesspeople?A．Bydrawingpublicattention.B
．Bygivingthemmoneydirectly.C．Bytakingthemtoherownhouse.D．Bybuyinghotelroomsforthem.D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句
“Finally,shedecidedtoseeiftherewereanyroomsavailableatlocalinnsandhotelsthatshecouldgettohelpthosestuckonthestreet.”可知，CandicePayne最终决定为这些无家可归者订旅馆的
房间以免他们被冻死，故D项正确。3．WhatmaycontributetoPayne’sniceact?A．Herhusband’spastexperiences.B．Therequestsfromthehomeless.C．Herd
esiretobecomefamous.D．Thecoldnessoflocalhotels.A解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三句“AccordingtoPayne,herhusband,CarlosCallahan,hadlived
onthestreetatonepointinhislife.Basedonhisexperiences,Payneknewthatthehomelesspeoplestilloutonthestreetdesperatelyneededh
elpandthatifshedidn’tstepuptohelp,noonelikelywould.”可知，由于受到她的丈夫无家可归的经历的触动，她决定帮助这些无家可归的人，故A项正确。4．Whichofthefollowingcanbet
hebesttitleforthetext?A．ABlackFighterChangestheWorldB．AWoman’sCuriosityBringsaRewardC．ARegularWomanMake
saDifferenceD．ACouple’sBraveActMovestheCountryC解析：标题归纳题。根据第二段第一句“Thankfully,onelocalwomanrefusedtoletthathappen.”和最后一段最后两句并结合全文其他内
容可知，本文主要讲述了一位普通的芝加哥女士受到她丈夫经历的触动，为防止无家可归者在大街上被冻死，决定为他们订旅馆的房间；她的无私善举传遍全国。故C项“一位普通女士的影响”最适合作本文的标题。B(2020·辽宁五校模拟)IttookmultipleweddingsforChris
tineLawtorealizewhatsheneededtodo.Inthesummerof2014,herschedulewaspackedwithfriends’marriagecelebrat
ions—flowerfilledoccasionsthatgotherthinking,“Wheredoalltheflowersgoaftertheparty？”Moreoftenthannot,th
eywerethrownaway.Lawwasconfidentshecouldfindabetteruseforthem.ByAugust,shehadaplan：convincecouplesandcompanieshosting
eventstodonatetheirflowers,whichshewouldpickupanddeliverwithin48hourstoseniorsacrossthecity.Shewantedtobr
ingbeautyintothelivesoftheelderly.Shedrewonherexperiencethroughbeingavolunteerinnonprofitinstitutionsinordertosetup
herownorganization,whichshecalledFloranthropie.Nothavingenoughbouquets(花束)forall150peopleofahealthcenter,Lawaskedthestafftoprovidealist
ofpatientswhoneededcheeringupmost,“ThefirstwomanIapproachedthoughtitwasamistake,andthattheflowerscouldn’tpossiblybeforher，”saysLaw.“Isaidthey
wereagift,andwetalkedforahalfhour.”Inadditiontohealthcenters,Floranthropiefocusesoncommunitygroupsdevotedtotheelderly.La
ëtitiaThélèmeisavolunteerforLesPetitsFières,anorganizationthataimstohelptheelderlywhodon’thaveasupportsystem.Thegroupreceivesad
ozenorsobouquetsfromFloranthropiemonthly,andthenredistributesthem.“Ourmottois‘flowersbeforebread’，”saysT
hélème.“Wedon’tfocusonprimarycare,butratheronnourishing(滋养)thespirit.Floranthropiehelpsusdothat.It’samazingwhatabigdifference
asmallbouquetcanmake.”Inthebeginning,mostofFloranthropie’sdonationscamethroughwordofmouth.Thesedays,Lawreceivesmessagesfromstrangersviahe
rorganization’sFacebookpageandhasconnectedwithcorporationsandflowerwholesalers.LawhopestoexpandFloranthropienationally,butatthispoi
ntishappytobeabletooverseeeachdeliverypersonally.【解题导语】本文讲述了ChristineLaw把婚礼上用过的花送给老人们，为他们的生活增加美的享受，她的做法得到了很多人的支持。5．WhatmadeChri
stineLawsetupFloranthropie?A．Thewasteofflowers.B．Thelonelinessofseniors.C．Thepersuasionofotherfriends.D．Thewarmatmosphereofweddings.A解析：细
节理解题。根据第一段中的“‘Wheredoalltheflowersgoaftertheparty？’Moreoftenthannot,theywerethrownaway.Lawwasconfidents
hecouldfindabetteruseforthem.”可知，婚礼上使用过的花束的浪费使ChristineLaw成立了Floranthropie这个机构。故选A。6．Whatwasthefirstwom
an’sreactiontoChristineLaw’sflowers?A．Shewasmoved.B．Shewasexcited.C．Shewasworried.D．Shewassurprised.D解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中
的“ThefirstwomanIapproachedthoughtitwasamistake,andthattheflowerscouldn’tpossiblybeforher”可推知，当ChristineLaw给第一位女士送花时，她感到难以置信、相当惊讶。故选D。7．Whatcanweinfer
aboutFloranthropiefromLaëtitiaThélème’swords?A．Itshouldfocusonprimarycare.B．Itisbenefitingmorethantheelderly.C．Itis
doingsomethingofgreatimportance.D．Itshouldcooperatewithmorenonprofitinstitutions.C解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Floranthropiehelpsusdothat.It’samazi
ngwhatabigdifferenceasmallbouquetcanmake.”可推知，LaëtitiaThélème认为Floranthropie正在做很重要的事，故C项符合文意。8．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A
．VolunteerYourTimeB．Don’tThrowFlowersAwayC．SpecialDeliveryMakesYourDayD．BrightenSeniors’LiveswithFlowersD解析：标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了ChristineLaw为了
不浪费婚礼上用过的花，把花送给老人们，为他们的生活增加美的享受，故选D。Ⅱ.完形填空(2020·安徽省示范高中模拟)IfirstdiscoveredCaféGratitudeseveralmonthsago.MyfriendDr.Heatherinvitedmeto
__1__herforlunch.Heatherhad__2__movedtoLosAngeles,andwewoulddiscusstheprojectweweredoing.Aswesatdownandwer
e__3__thedeliciousvegetarianmenu,theserverwhocametotakeour__4__askedusthequestionoftheday,“Whatareyougratefulfo
r？”Ifeltafamiliarstir(震动)inmychest,andmyeyesbegantowater.__5__apause,Heather__6__herhandouttomeandsaidthatitwa
swithme.Iexpressedmygratitudetobewithher__7__，enjoyingthismomentofourshared__8__andhernewstartinLosAngeles.Aft
eradeliciouslunch,Idecidedtostayawhilelonger__9__thequestionhadinspiredmetomeetthecoowner,Ryland.Pausesor__10__inl
ifeareaverygoodtimetolistentowhat’s__11__oninsideofourhearts.WhenRylandcameovertomy__12__withhisbigsmile,histi
tleofChiefInspirationOfficerseemedvery__13__forhispersonality.Hegavemehis__14__attentionasheopenedhishearttolisten.ItoldhimhowIwantedtohelphimopenmor
e__15__sotherecouldbemoreplacestoeatandhelpspreadthis__16__of“beinggenerousandgratefuleveryday”.Sincethat__17_
_，CaféGratitudehasbeenmyfavoriteplacetoeat.Whatarewardingandmeaningfulexperience!AndI’vesincelearnedthatCaféG
ratitude__18__businessthroughwhattheycall“SacredCommerce”wheretheyprovideinspiredservice,andexpress__19__fortherichnessofourlives.Asimplequestionth
atday__20__medownnewpathsandgavemenewfriendships.【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。“我”应邀和朋友在一家“感恩餐馆”共进午餐，当服务员问我们“我们感激什么”时，“我”和“我”的朋友都认为那一刻彼此的陪伴让我们感激。这一简单的问题让“我”有了新的人生
感悟……1．A.attendB．accompanyC．involveD．findB解析：根据语境可知，“我”的朋友Heather博士邀请“我”陪她共进午餐。B项意为“陪伴”，故B项正确。A项意为“参加，看护”，C项意为“使卷入，涉及”，D项意为“找到”，都与语境不符。2．A.e
venB．everC．seldomD．justD解析：根据上文可知，“我”的朋友Heather博士邀请“我”陪她共进午餐；结合常识和该句中“had______movedtoLosAngeles”以及下文中的“hernewstartinLosAngeles”可推知，“我”的朋友Heath
er刚迁到洛杉矶。D项意为“刚刚”，符合语境，故D项正确。A项意为“甚至”，B项意为“曾经”，C项意为“很少”，都与语境不符。3．A.lookingB．testingC．planningD．studyingD解析：根据空后的“deliciousvegetarianmenu”及常识可知，我们坐下后开
始仔细察看菜单。D项意为“仔细察看”，故D项正确。A项意为“看”，B项意为“测试”，C项意为“计划”，都与语境不符。4．A.spaceB．timeC．orderD．placeC解析：根据该句中的“theserverwhocametotake”及常识可以推知，服务员
过来为我们点餐。C项意为“点菜”，故C项正确。A项意为“空间”，B项意为“时间”，D项意为“地方”，都与语境不符。5．A.WithoutB．DespiteC．IntermsofD．RegardlessofA解析：根据语境可知，Heather毫无(Without)停顿地向“我”伸(reache
d)出手，说和“我”在一起让她很感激。6．A.reachedB．shookC．clappedD．stuckA解析：参见上题解析。reach意为“伸，伸手(以碰触或提起某物)”，故A项正确。B项意为“摇动”，C项意为“鼓掌”，D项意为“粘，贴”，都与语境不符。7．A.ei
therB．aswellasC．alsoD．tooD解析：根据上文的内容及该句中的“Iexpressedmygratitudetobewithher”可知，“我”也为和她在一起表达了感激。too“也”，通常用于肯定句句末，故D项正确。8．A.projectB．seatC
．honestyD．friendshipD解析：根据上文可知，我们都表达了对彼此陪伴的感激；再结合该句中的“shared”可以推知，我们享受着共同的友谊时光。D项意为“友谊”，故D项正确。A项意为“项目”；B项意为“座位”；C项意为“诚实”。9．A.soB
．asC．ifD．beforeB解析：空处前一句是说，午饭后“我”想多待上一会儿；空处后一句说，这个问题使“我”想要和餐厅老板Ryland见上一面，据此可知，空前为果，空后为因，故as“因为”正确。10．A.actionB．delaysC．hurryD．dreamsB解析
：根据语境可知，空处与“Pauses”对应，应为其同义词语，故delays“延迟”符合语境。A项意为“行动”，C项意为“匆忙”，D项意为“梦想”，都与语境不符。11．A.lookingB．insistingC．goingD．agreeingC解析：根据语境可知，暂停
和延迟是生活中很好的一个时刻去倾听我们内心进行的活动。goon意为“发生”，为固定搭配，符合语境，故C项正确。12．A.companyB．tableC．houseD．carB解析：根据语境可知，Ryland微笑着走近“我”的餐桌旁。B项意为“桌子”，故B项正确。A项意为“公司”，C项意为“房子”，
D项意为“汽车”，都与语境不符。13．A.suitableB．readyC．eagerD．anxiousA解析：根据语境可知，他微笑着，看起来他“首席灵感官”的头衔和他的个性很匹配。besuitablefor为固定搭配，意为“适合于……”，故A项正确。B
项意为“准备好的”，C项意为“渴望的”，D项意为“急切的”，都与语境不符。14．A.simpleB．fullC．urgentD．regularB解析：根据语境可知，他敞开心扉倾听，全身心注意着“我”。B项意为“完全的”，故B项正确。A项意为“简单的”；C项意为“紧急的”
；D项意为“经常的”。15．A.hotelsB．schoolsC．clubsD．restaurantsD解析：根据空后的“moreplacestoeat”可推知，“我”想要帮助他开更多的饭店，这样的话就有更多的地方就餐并传播他“每天要慷慨并感恩”的理念。D项意为“饭店”，故D项正确。A项意为“宾
馆”；B项意为“学校”；C项意为“俱乐部”。16．A.lessonB．noteC．messageD．lectureC解析：参见上题解析。A项意为“课”，B项意为“便条”，D项意为“讲座”，都与语境不符。17．A.meetingB．performanceC
．actD．vacationA解析：根据上文中的“meetthecoowner”并结合语境可知，自从那次见面以来，“感恩餐馆”就成了“我”最喜爱去就餐的地方。A项意为“会面”，故A项正确。B项意为“表演”；C项意为“行动”；D项意为“假期”。18．A.train
sB．practicesC．reviewsD．concludesB解析：根据语境可知，“感恩餐馆”通过他们的这种商业模式实践他们的业务。B项意为“实践”，故B项正确。A项意为“培训”，C项意为“审查”，D项意为“总结”，都与语境不符。19．A.e
xplanationB．appreciationC．considerationD．applicationB解析：根据语境可知，他们向我们生命的丰足表达了感激。B项意为“感激”，故B项正确。A项意为“解释”；C项意为“考虑”；D项意为“申请”。20．A.surprisedB．led
C．returnedD．heldB解析：根据语境可知，那天的一个简单的问题，引导“我”走上新的道路，给了“我”新的友谊(关系)。B项意为“引领”，故B项正确。A项意为“使惊奇”；C项意为“归还”；D项意为“抓住，握住”。课时练22篇阅读＋1篇读后续写Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020
·福建质量检查)MyneighborOrlandoisaparamedic(护理人员).HeandhiswifearesomeofthenicestpeopleIhaveevermet.Afewyearsbackwestarte
dthissortof“favorwar”，whereoneofuswoulddosomethingfortheother,suchasshoveling(铲)hisdrivewayorhelpinghi
mbuildashed,andnexttimetheotherwouldtrytotopitwithanotherfavor.Yesterdaymorningtherewasmaybe2or3feetofsnowonthegroundandIrememberedhe
shoveledmydrivewayformelastsnowfall.SoItookoutmyshovelandtookcareofbothoursidewalksanddrivewaysbecauseitwasmyturnto
doafavorback.IttookawhilebutIfinishedandgotintomycarforwork.WhatIdidn’trealizewasthatOrlandohadtoworkthatdaytoo.Fastf
orwardtothismorningIgotaknockonmydoor.Itwashim.HeimmediatelyshookmyhandandinformedmethatbecauseIshoveledhisdrivewayandsidewalkfor
him,hewasabletogettoworkearlier.Assoonashestartedhisshift,acallcamethroughthatayoungboywasinamedicalemergency.Luckilyheandhispartnerwereonlyabout2mi
nutesaway,butthenextclosestambulancewasin10minutes.Thiskiddidnothave10minutes.Hebarelyhad2minutes.Becausemyneighborgottoworksooner,theyoungboyg
ottolivehislife.Thisisn’tabrag(吹嘘).Thisistoinformothersthateventhesmallestfavorscanhavethebiggestimpacts.Itwasn’ttoomuchoftroubletoshovel
hisdrivewayforhim,butbecauseIdid,theyoungkidgottoseehisfamilyagain,gobacktoschoolagain,talktohisfriend
sagainandlivehislife.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。“我”和邻居Orlando总是互相帮助，这次下雪，“我”帮助他铲除了道路上的积雪，让他能很快去上班。一个等待急救的男孩在他的及时救治下摆脱了危险。“我”的善举救了孩子一命。1．Wha
tcanweknowaboutthewriterandOrlando?A．Theyoncehadaconflict.B．Theysignedafavorableagreement.C．Theyfavors
hovelingsnowtogether.D．Theyarealwaysreadytohelpeachother.D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Afewyearsbackwestartedthis
sortof‘favorwar’，whereoneofuswoulddosomethingfortheother,suchasshoveling(铲)hisdrivewayorhelpinghimbuildashed,andnexttimetheotherwouldt
rytotopitwithanotherfavor.”可知，几年前我们就开始这种“互助活动”，一个人帮助另一个人之后，下一次便由对方提供帮助；据此可知，作者和Orlando总是乐意互相帮助，故D项正确。2．
Whosavedtheboybeforeitwastoolate?A．Thewriter.B．Theboy’sparents.C．Orlandoandhiswife.D．Orlandoandhispartner.D解
析：细节理解题。根据第三段第五句“Luckilyheandhispartnerwereonlyabout2minutesaway,butthenextclosestambulancewasin10minutes.”，并结合该段内容可知，Orlando和他的搭档
离医院只有大约两分钟的车程，他们很快上班挽救了男孩的生命，故D项正确。3．Whatdoesthewriterintendtotellus?A．Neveraskfortrouble.B．Nofavoristoosmall.C．Onecannotalwaysb
elucky.D．Don’tloseheartinanemergency.B解析：写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是尾段第二句“Thisistoinformothersthateventhesmallestfavors
canhavethebiggestimpacts.”可知，本文是为了告诉读者，即使是最小的帮助也能产生最大的影响，故B项正确。B(2020·贵阳摸底)Manyofusthink,wrongly,thatthemoond
oesn’tchange.Forexample,theTangDynastypoetZhangRuoxuoncewrotethat“Generationshavecomeandpassedaway;Fr
omyeartoyearthemoonslookalike,oldandnew.”However,anewstudypublishedinthejournalNatureGeoscienceshowsthatthemoonisin
factslowlyshrinkingovertime.Forthestudy,agroupofUSscientistsexaminedandanalyzedthousandsofphotographstakenbytheNASA’sLunarReconnaissanceOrbit
erCamera(月球勘测轨道飞行器照相机).Theyfoundthattherewerelotsoffaults(断层)onthesurfaceofthemoon.Thesefaultswereformedbyrecentmovementonthemoon.AccordingtoNASA,
themoonismadeupofpiecesofrockswithahotcore.Themooncontinuedtoexpandasitwasborn.Butinthisprocess,itreleasedenergyandcooleddown.Th
enitbegantoshrink,inawaycomparabletotheshrinkingofagrapeintoaraisin.Overthepastseveralhundredmillionyears,ithasbecome46meters“
skinnier”.Butduetoitshardandrockylayer,themoon’ssurfacecontinuestopushup.“Someofthesequakescanbefairlystrong,aroundfiveontheRi
chterscale(里氏震级)，”saidThomasWatters,aseniorscientistattheSmithsonian’sNationalAirandSpaceMuseumintheUS.Butdoesthatmeanthem
oonisadangerousplacethathumanshouldn’ttrytoexploreandliveoninthefuture?Maybenot,reportedTheTelegraph.“Thisisn’t
anythingtoworryabout.Themoonmaybeshrinking,butnotbymuch.It’snotgoinganywhere，”Watterscomfortedus.Thenewdiscoveryprov
esthattheideathatthemoonisadead,boringplaceiswrong.“Wehavebeentothemoonandwe’vedonesomegreatscience,butthereissti
llalotwedon’tknow.Themoonisshrinking—wedidn’treallyrealizethatuntilrecently.It’samuchmoreactiveandinterestingplacethanwethoughtandwesh
ouldexplorethat,”NASAscientistNathanWilliamssaid.【解题导语】月球并非如唐代诗人张若虚在诗中描绘的那样是亘古不变的。一项最新的科学研究表明，月球正在随着时间慢慢地缩小。此外，这项研究还表明月球还有许多我们不了解的东西，它是一个比我
们认为的更活跃、更有意思的地方，我们应该探索它。4．Whichpointofviewaboutthemoonmaythewriteragreeto?A．Itstaysthesameasbefore.B．Itisbecomingslightlysmaller.C．Itisgettingo
lderandolder.D．Ithaspassedaway.B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“However，anewstudy...showsthatthemoonisinfactslowlyshrinkingovertime.”可知，一项新的发表在《自然·地球科学》上的研究表明，
月球正在随着时间慢慢地缩小，故选B项。5．Whatcanwelearnaboutthemoonfromthethirdparagraph?A．Ithasbecome46metersfatterduetoexpanding.B
．Ithaschangedfromagrapeintoaraisininrecentyears.C．ItquakesevenatsevenontheRichterscale.D．Ithasahotcoreandreleasesenergyduringexpanding.D解析：细节理
解题。根据第三段中的“themoonismadeupofpiecesofrockswithahotcore.Themooncontinuedtoexpandasitwasborn.Butinthisprocess,itreleasedenergy”可知，月球由带
有一个热核的岩石块组成，当它形成时月球在持续膨胀，在这个过程中它会释放能量，故选D项。6．Whothinksthatweneedn’tworryaboutthemoon?A．ZhangRuoxu.B．ThomasWatters.C．NathanWilliams.
D．Thejournalist.B解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中ThomasWatters说的话“Thisisn’tanythingtoworryabout...It’snotgoinganywhere”可知，ThomasWat
ters认为我们不必担心月球，尽管月球在缩小，但它并没有缩小很多，故选B项。7．WhatdoesNathanWilliamsthinkofthemoon?A．Itisadeadandboringplace.B．Ithaslotsoffaultsonthesurface.C．Itisvaluab
letodomorescience.D．Itisn’taplacewherewecanlive.C解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中NathanWilliams说的话“Wehavebeentothemoonandwe’vedoneso
megreatscience...weshouldexplorethat”可知，NathanWilliams认为月球有许多我们不了解的东西，值得我们去探索，据此可推知，他认为研究月球是有价值的，故选C项。Ⅱ.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的
短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Alicehadjustbeenappointedinthemultinationalbank.Afteronemonthofseveretraining,todaywashe
rfirstdaytogotowork.Shegotupabitearlierthanusual,anddecidedtoskiphergymworkoutasshedidnotwanttoriskbeingtiredorgettinglate
toherofficeonherfirstday.Shewentthroughhermorningroutineandspentalotoftimeinselectingwhattowear.Noneofherdressesseemedtoappealtoher—theywereeitheral
ittletoocasualortoodullandshedefinitelywantedtomakeanimpressionrightfromthestart.Finallyshesettledonthewhiteembroidered(刺绣的)dress.Shewavedbyetoh
ermomandsetoffcheerfullytowardsthebusstop.Butshesawabusleavingthestopjustasshecrossedthestreet.Nowshewouldhaveto
waitforagood15minutes.15minutespassedandthen30minutesandtherewasnosignofthebus.“Itmustbestuckinheavytraffic，”akindladywhow
asalsowaitingforthebustoldher.Hearingthat,Alicegotanxious.Shehadtoreachherofficeontime.Thenshesawataxiapproachingbutwhenshetriedtostopit,theta
xidriverspedbywithouteventakingaglanceather.Alicewaswonderingwhatshecoulddo.Itwasthenthatacarstoppednearherandamanwavedtoher.Thedr
iveraskedherwhereshewasgoingandafterAlicetoldhimthatshewasgoingtothebankatNarimanPoint,themansaid,“Oh,myofficeisinthenearbybuilding.CanI
giveyoualift？”Alicehesitatedforamomentandgotintothecar.Theyexchangednamesandbegantotalkforawhile.Thenthedriver
switchedontheradioandwasabsorbedinthesong.Alicelookedoutofthewindowandimaginedherfirstdayatwork,worryingwhethershewascapableofthenewjob,andifshecou
ldgetalongwellwithhercolleagues.Afterabouttenminutes,Alicerealizedtheywerenotonthefamiliarroutetoheroffice.Para
graph1：Shebegantoworrythatshemightgetintothecarofabadman._________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2：Thenthecarturneda
roundacornerandAlicesawthetallbuildingwhereherofficewasunexpectedly.___________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________Onepossiblevers
ion：Paragraph1：Shebegantoworrythatshemightgetintothecarofabadman.Sosheaskedcautiouslywhethertheyweregoingtoherbank.Thedriversaidthatt
heytookanewshortcut,astherewasusuallyheavytrafficontheotheroneatthishour,andcontinuedhissong.ThatmadesomesenseandAl
icedidn’tsayanythingmore.Anotherfifteenminutespassed,andtheroadwasevenstrangerforher.Thatmanwasdrivingspeedilyan
dAlicebecamemoreandmoreanxious.Shedecidedthatwhenthecarnextstoppedatthetrafficlightsshewouldjumpout.Paragraph2：Thenthecar
turnedaroundacornerandAlicesawthetallbuildingwhereherofficewasunexpectedly.Shebreathedasighofrelief.Withinminutes,theyreach
edthegateofthebuilding.“Hereweare！”thedriverpulledupandsaid.Alicegotoutofthecar,herfaceturningred.Shefeltquitesorryforhavingdoubtedthedriver.Shebelie
vedtherewereindeedmorekindpeopleintheworld.Shesaid,“Thankyouverymuch！”，withabigsmile,andhurriedtoherofficewithgreatexpectation.Sheknewshewouldha
veagoodday.获得更多资源请扫码加入享学资源网微信公众号www.xiangxue100.com
