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一、语基必备知识(一)重点词汇——分类记忆Ⅰ.阅读词汇——知其意1．sidewaysadv.向一边，向一侧2．verticaladj.垂直的，竖的3．rainbown.彩虹4．woollenadj.羊毛制的5．co
nsciencen.良心6．dimensionn.方面；度量7．botanyn.植物学8．symphonyn.交响乐，交响曲9．dignityn.尊贵；庄严10．polishedadj.优雅的，精致的11．shabbyadj.低劣的；肮脏破烂的12．romanticadj.浪漫的13．stou
tadj.肥胖的14．themen.主题15．cataloguen.商品目录Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形1．superioradj.高级的，上等的2．overweightadj.超重的，过重的3．accompanyvt.伴随，陪同4．rangen.(数、量、年龄等的)变化范围；
等级；类别5．subjectiveadj.主观的6．delicateadj.精美的，雅致的7．vainadj.自负的，炫耀的8．abruptadj.突然的，出其不意的9．bendv.弯曲10．unlikeprep.不像，和……不同11．conveyvt.
传达，表达12．affectionn.爱慕，钟爱13．trapvt.诱捕，设圈套14．mannern.方式，方法15．drawbackn.缺点，弊端Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变1．breathlessadj.令人屏息
的→breathn．呼吸→breathev．呼吸2．adorevt.敬爱，非常喜欢→adorationn．热爱；爱慕→adorableadj.可爱的3．consistentadj.一致的，始终如一的→consistenc
yn．连贯性，一致性→consistentlyadv.连续地4．commitmentn．责任，义务；承诺→commitvt.犯(罪或错误等)5．commandn．&v．命令，指挥→commandern．指挥官6．accessibleadj.容易理解的→acces
sn．接近，进入，通道；(使用或见到的)机会，权利7．delivervt.递送，传送→deliveryn．送货；投递8．thrilln．兴奋；恐惧v．使兴奋→thrilledadj.非常兴奋的→thrillingadj.令人激
动的9．refreshvt.消除……的疲劳，使振作精神→refreshingadj.使人精神振作的→refreshmentn．恢复精神，心旷神怡10．tendencyn．倾向，趋势→tendv．有……的趋势，倾向于……11．disturbingadj.使人
烦恼的→disturbv．妨碍，扰乱→disturbancen．扰乱，骚乱，不安12．steadyadj.平稳的；稳定的→steadilyadv.平稳地13．freezingadj.严寒的，冰冻的→freezev．将……冷冻，冻僵→frozenadj.结冰的，冷冻的14．treatvt.对
待→treatmentn．对待；处理15．strikevt.打；打动n．罢工；打击→strikingadj.引人注目的，突出的16．evidentadj.明显的，明白的→evidencen．证据，证明17．recommendvt.推荐，介绍→recommendat
ionn．推荐，介绍1.“观点，态度”形容词荟萃①positive积极的②subjective主观的③neutral中立的④objective客观的⑤negative消极的⑥critical批评的⑦do
ubtful怀疑的2.“喜欢”词汇个个清①adore②enjoy③love/like④prefer⑤feellike⑥bekeenon⑦beaddictedto3.含后缀“-less”的形容词集锦①endless永无休止的②hopeless无望的③worthless无价
值的④breathless令人屏息的⑤careless粗心的⑥helpless无助的⑦homeless无家可归的(二)重点短语——记牢用活1．die__out完全消失，灭绝2．compared__to/with与……比较起来3．hang__on_
_a__second等一下4．a__set__of一套5．fall__in__love__with...爱上……6．be__keen__on...热衷于……，非常喜欢……7．lose__sight__of看不见8．deal__with对付，处理9．
in__charge__of负责，管理10．in__an__instant立即，马上，突然11．be__trapped__in...被困在……中12．to__be__honest说实话13．bits__and__pieces各种各样的零碎东西14．in__preparation__for为
……做准备15．rely__on依靠，依赖1.“控制，掌管”家族①incontrolof控制，掌管②takecontrolof控制，掌控③takechargeof控制，掌管④inchargeof负责，管理⑤inthechargeof由……掌管⑥
underthecontrolof在……控制下2.sight短语集锦①atfirstsight初次见面；乍一看②atthesightof看到③outofsight看不到④in/withinsight在视野内⑤comeintosight出现⑥losesightof看不见3.fall相关短语全扫描①
fallasleep睡着②fallill生病③fallapart破碎；散架④fallbehind落后⑤fallover摔倒⑥fallinlovewith...爱上……(三)重点句式——背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：don’tthink...为否定转移结构Oh,Idon’
t__thinkthat’sfair！噢，我认为那是不公平的！句型2：倒装句：so＋系动词/助动词/So__do__I...我也一样……情态动词＋主语句型3：“名词＋过去分词”构成的独立主格结构Head__bent,__inhomesickne
ssIamdrowned.低头思故乡。二、语境强化训练Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式1．TheChinesefolksongconveying(传达)thefeelingofsadnessforthemissinglov
edoneislovedbymanypeoplelivingabroad.2．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoft
herange(范围)hasbeenpoorlystudied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20，000－25，000polarbearsworldwide.3．Thosewhohavetroublebe
nding(弯腰)canhavearestintheroom.4．Hespokeinsucharudemanner(方式)thatsherefusedtoreply.5．Oneofhismajorshortcomingsisthathealwaysbaseshisjudgementon
subjective(主观的)opinions.6．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Oncehismessagewasdelivered(deliver),heallowedmetostayandwatch.7．Educa
tioninolddayswasnotaccessible(access)towomeninthatcountry.8．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Ourhostssharedmanyoftheirexperiencesandrecom
mended(recommend)wonderfulplacestoeat,shop,andvisit.9．Itwaswellbelowfreezing(freeze)whenweleftthevillagethatmorning.10．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ
)Accordingtoareviewofevidence(evident)inamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyearslongerthatnonrunners.Ⅱ.派生词练习——用所给词的适当形式填空1．Themagicofhismusicco
ntinuedtothrillaudience.Alltheaudiencewerethrilledtolistentohisthrillingmusic.(thrill)2．Sorrytodisturbyou,butIneedaplacewhereIcanworkwithoutdisturba
nceandthenoiseinyourroomistoodisturbing．(disturb)3．It’ssofreezingthatyou’llfreezeifyoudon’tputthecoaton.Thegroundisfrozenunderthe
thinsnow.(freeze)4．Yourreplytothesequestionsshowednorealconsistency．TheywerenotconsistentwithwhatyousaidearlierandI’mfedupwithyourconsist
entlylying.(consistent)5．Fromthelookoftheadorationinhiseyes,Iknewthatheadoredtheseadorablecookies.(adore)Ⅲ.选词成篇bekeenon;comparedto;inaninstant;falli
nlovewith;inpreparationfor;dealwith1．Compared__tome,myfriendTomtakeschargeofabiggercompany.Hisgirlfrie
nd2.is__keen__oncomingupwithnewideas.Tom3.fell__in__love__withher4.in__an__instantwhenhecameacrossheratabigmeeting.Theyoften5.d
eal__withproblemstogether.Tomyjoy,theyare6.in__preparation__fortheirweddingatpresent.turnup;bebasedon;betrapp
edin;tobehonest;relyon;inchargeof7．To__be__honest,__Mary8.is__trapped__introuble.Itishergrandparentswhoare9.in__charge__ofherlifean
dstudyallthetime.Shecan’tlivealifewhich10.is__based__onherownability.Whenevershemeetswithdifficulties,herparentswill11.turn__up.Butrec
ently,theyfellill.Soshehasto12.rely__onherselftoliveandstudy.Ⅳ.完成句子1．(2017·北京卷)她认为她对心肺复苏不够了解。Shedidn’t__thinksheknewCPRwellenou
gh.2．当我们开始与陌生人交谈的时候，我们想要感到舒服，他们也是这样。Whenwebeginconversationswithnewpeople,wewanttofeelcomfortable,andso__do__they．3．作业完成之后，男孩就出去和他的朋友们踢
球去了。His__homework__finished,__theboywenttoplayfootballwithhisfriends.accompanyvt.陪伴；伴奏；附有；配有[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(2018·浙江卷6月)Foranother,Ihave
accumulatedrelatedexperiencebyworkingparttimeinatravelagency,accompanying(accompany)someforeigntourists.②(
2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Teresapostedaphotoofthechancemeetingonasocialnetworkingwebsiteaccompanied(accompany)bythetouc
hingwords.③Whileshewassingingonthestage,hermotherwasaccompanyingheronthepiano.[能力提升]——完成句子④因为在节日时无人陪伴，这
位老太太感到孤独。With__nobody__accompanying__her__during__the__festival,__theoldladyfeltlonely.(with复合结构)(1)accompanysb.＝keepsb.c
ompany陪伴某人accompanysb.tosomeplace陪伴某人到某地accompanysb.on＋乐器用某种乐器为某人伴奏(2)companionn.同伴；伙伴[佳句背诵]Wedidalotfortheelderlyatthenursinghome,cleaningtheirro
oms，washingclothesforthemandaccompanyingthem,whichmadethemveryhappy.在敬老院我们为老人做了许多事情，打扫房间、洗衣服、陪伴他们，这使他们非常高兴。(全国卷Ⅱ)rangen．山脉；范围；行列v．排列；变化；包括……之间的各
类事物[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(2017·北京卷)Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,ranging(range)frombutterfliestoelephants.②a.Ifwearen’twithin/inrangeofthes
ignal,ourphonescan’tbeused.b．(天津卷)Thepricewasbeyondourrange,sowedeclined.[能力提升]——词汇升级③(普通表达)Inadditiontothesetraditi
onalactivities,wehavemanydifferentchoicessuchastravelingandvisitingourrelativesorfriends.(辽宁卷)(高级表达)Inadditiontothesetraditionalactivities，wehavea__w
ide__range__ofchoicessuchastravelingandvisitingourrelativesorfriends.(1)rangefrom...to...＝rangebetween...and...在……范围内变动(
2)arangeof一系列……awiderangeof大范围的；各种各样的(3)in/withinrangeofsth.在某范围内outof/beyondrangeofsth.在某范围外[佳句背诵]Dragonpattern,asatraditionaldecorativepatte
rnofChina,hasawiderangeofapplicationsinthetraditionalclothingandotherareas.龙纹是中国传统的装饰纹样，在传统服饰以及其他领域中都有广泛的应用。comman
dn．命令；(常用于军队)指挥；控制v．命令；指挥；掌握；支配[基础练习]——单句语法填空①a.Thepresidentcommandedthatalltheinformation(should)__be__sent(send
)tohimrightaway.b．Themanagergavehiscommandthatmeasuresshould__be__taken(take)immediatelytocorrectall
themistakesmadeinmarketing.②Thebosscommandedhisworkersnotto__leave(leave)theirofficebeforesixo’clockbecaus
ehehadanimportantthingtoannounce.③Mr.WhitewasincommandofthatcompanyafterMr.Smithretired.[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级④(普通表达)Ihave__such__a__
good__command__of__English__that(英语学得很好以至于)IamelectedasassistanttomyEnglishteacher.(such...that...)⑤(高级表达)Suc
h__a__good__command__of__English__do__I__have__that__I__am__elected__as__assistant__to__my__English__teacher.(倒装句)(1)haveagood
commandof掌握，精通……incommandof掌握；控制(2)commandsb.todosth.命令某人做某事commandthatsb.(should)dosth.命令某人应该做某事[佳句背诵]Largefootballclubsbenefit
financiallyfromTVincomeandthetopplayerscancommandverylargesalaries.大型足球俱乐部从电视收入中获得利润，顶尖的运动员也能得到高额的薪水。(江西卷)[名师点津
]后接宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时，从句的谓语动词用“(should)do”的单词有：一坚持(insist)；二命令(order，command)；三建议(advise，suggest，recommend)；四要
求(require，request,demand,desire)。delivervt.递送，传送，传达；发表(演讲等)；接生；生(小孩)[一词多义]——写出下列句中deliver的含义①PresidentXideliveredanimportantreportconcerningChina’sf
utureatthemeeting.发表演讲②Hehastoearnhislivingbydeliveringpurewatertocustomers.运送③It’sastoryofhowLinQiaozhiwentlateatnighttodeliverababyforapoorfami
ly.接生[基础练习]——单句语法填空④Wouldyouliketohavethelatestnewspapersdelivered(deliver)toyourdoor?⑤Theoldmansaidthattheyhadn’tmaderegulardel
iveries(deliver)foraweek.⑥ThescientistwillflytoFranceto__deliver(deliver)aspeechattheconference.(1)d
eliversth.tosb.把某物递送/传送给某人deliveraspeech/lecture/talk发表演讲/授课/讲话(2)deliveryn.送货；分娩[佳句背诵]Bythemeansofcontrolledrelease,Ionlyneedtodeliverbooksto
otherparticipants,notonlyarebookssharedbutitcanbuildupabridgeconnectingreadersfromdifferentpartsoftheworldaswell.通过定向分享，我只需要把书送达别的参加者手里，书
不但被分享，而且也建立了桥梁联系世界不同地区的读者。(重庆卷)conveyvt.传达，表达；运送；传导，传播[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Theytookamorereasonableapproach,conveying(
convey)totheirchildrenhowsuccessatschoolcouldimprovetheirlives.②Thepoliceaskedthedriverto__convey(convey)
thepassengerstothedestinationsafely.[能力提升]——词汇升级③(普通表达)Iwouldliketoexpressmysincerethankstoyouforyourhelp.(高级表达)Iwouldliketo
convey__my__sincere__appreciationtoyouforyourassistance．conveysth.tosb.向某人表达/传达某事conveyone’sfeelings/mea
nings表达某人的感情/意思convey...fromAtoB把……从A地运送到B地[佳句背诵]Themessageconveyedhereisclear：“Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.”这里传达的信息很清
楚：“事实胜于雄辩。”(江苏卷)treatvt.&vi.治疗；对待；款待n．款待；招待[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Menandwomenmustbe__treated(treat)equallyineducationandemployment.②(2018·浙江卷6
月)Itwassummer,andmydadwantedtotreatmetoavacationlikeneverbefore.③(天津卷)Cathysufferedsometerribleillnessinherearlychildhood.Afteryearsofregulartreatm
ent(treat),shefinallybecamehealthy.[能力提升]——句式升级④(普通表达)Ifthepatientwastreatedinaproperway,hewaslikelytobesaved.(高级表达)Treated__in__a__prope
r__way，thepatientwaslikelytobesaved.(分词作状语)(1)treatsb.as...把某人当……看待treatsth.seriously认真对待某事/某物treatsb./oneselfto...用……款待某人/自己(2)It’
smytreat.我请客。[佳句背诵]Ourteachersarekindtousandtreatusastheirfriends.我们的老师对我们都很好，并且拿我们当朋友对待。[联想发散]“把……当……看待”的表达形式：①treat...as.
..；②regard/consider...as；③think__of...as...strikev．(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；击打；突然想到(想法)；打动；(钟)敲n．罢工[一词多义]——写出下列句中strike的词性和含义①Shewaspracticingsurfin
gwhenasharkstruck.v．袭击②IheardtheclockstrikingeightwhenIwokeupthismorning.v.(钟)敲③(2018·浙江卷11月)Iwasjustabouttopaythetaxidriverwhenits
truckmethatIhadleftmywalletontheairplane.v．突然想到④(福建卷)Theworkerswillgoonstrikeifthedemandstheyputforwardareturneddown.n．罢工[能力提升]——完成句子/
句式升级⑤(普通表达)Iwas__struck/stricken__by(被打动)hisinspiringwords,andIdecidedtomakeeffortstoimprovemyEnglish.⑥(高级表达)Struck/Stricken__by
__his__inspiring__words,__IdecidedtomakeeffortstoimprovemyEnglish.(分词作状语)(1)sth.strikessb.某人突然想出……Itstrikessb.
that/todo...某人想到……bestruckby...被……打动；迷恋……strikesb.in/on＋the＋身体部位打某人某部位(2)beon/goonstrike在/举行罢工[佳句背诵]Whatstruckmemostwastheenthusiasmofthelocalpe
ople.给我印象最深的是当地人的热情。[词块助记]Strikewhiletheironishot.趁热打铁。strikeabalance两者兼顾；达到平衡strikeadeal达成协议recommendv．推荐；建议[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(天津卷)Itwasreallyannoy
ing;Icouldn’tgetaccesstothedatabankyouhad__recommended(recommend)．②(2018·北京卷)Irecommendapplying(apply)forPekingUniversity.③a.Irecommendyouto__think(
think)carefullybeforeyoumakeanydecision.b．Irecommendthatyou(should)__think(think)carefullybeforeyoumakeanydecision.[能力提升]——完成句子④我想推荐李
华为篮球俱乐部的领导人。Iwouldliketorecommend__Li__Hua__to__be/as__the__leaderofthebasketballclub.⑤人们建议所有的准备都做好以后
才开始这项计划。It__is__recommended__thattheprojectshouldnotbestarteduntilallthepreparationshavebeenmade.(1)recommendsth.tos
b./recommendsb.sth.向某人推荐/介绍某物recommenddoingsth.建议做某事recommendsb.todosth.建议某人做某事recommendthat...(should)do...建议……(应该)做……Itis/w
asrecommendedthat...(should)do...有人建议……(应该)做……(2)recommendationn.推荐；建议[佳句背诵]Agreatmanytouristspotscanbe
foundalongtheYangtzeRiver,andthat’swhyIrecommendyouthetrip/recommendthetriptoyou.长江沿岸景点数不胜数，这就是我向你推荐这条线路的原因。(2017·北京卷)dieout灭亡
；逐渐消失[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Asaconsequence,manyspeciesarequicklydyingout．②Whentheapplausehaddieddown,__shebegan
herspeech.③YoumentionedthatyouwouldliketoteachEnglishinreturn,whichisexactlywhatIam__dying(die)for.[能力提升]
——词汇/句式升级④(普通表达)Asthelivingenvironmentbecomesworseandworse,manyspeciesaregraduallydisappearing.(高级表达)With__the__livi
ng__environment__becoming__worse__and__worse,__manyspeciesaregraduallydying__out．(with的复合结构)(1)dieaway(声
音、光线等)逐渐消失dieof/from因……而死diedown减弱；平息(2)bedyingfor很想要；渴望bedyingtodosth.极想干某事[佳句背诵]Somerarebirdsintheare
aareindangerofdyingoutbecauseofhumanactivities.这一地区的一些稀有鸟类由于人类活动正面临灭绝的危险。loseone’ssight失明[能力提升]——完成句
子①只有鼠目寸光的人才会看不见教育的重要性。Onlyashortsightedmanwilllose__sight__of__the__importance__of__education．②我从窗户向外看去，看见了一
列急驰而过的火车。Ilookedoutofthewindowandcaught__sight__ofatrainpassingbyveryquickly.③听到这个消息，他走进大厅，但是一个人也没看见。Hearingthenews,hewalkedintothebighall,b
uttherewasnobodyin/within__sight．losesightof...看不见……；忽略；忘记catchsightof...望见/看到……comeintosight出现在眼前，进入视野atthesightof...在看到……时in/withinsigh
t在视线内，可以被看见outofsight看不见了，不被人看见[语段背诵]Whenwedrovearoundacorner,atallmountaincameintosight.Atthesightofthemountain,allthechildrenbegantoshout.Wedroveo
nandabouttwentyminuteslater，themountainwasoutofsight—infrontofuswasabigforest.tobehonest(withyou)坦白说；老实告
诉你(通常置于句首)[能力提升]——完成句子①说实话，我不同意你在会议上说的话。To__be__honest__with__you,__Idon’tagreewithwhatyouhavesaidatthemeeting.②如果你
对别人真诚，别人也会对你如此。If__you__are__honest__with__others,__theywilldothesametoyou.③说实话，我不喜欢黄渤主演的电影。Honestly__speaking,__Idon’tlikethefilmsstarre
dbytheactorHuangBo.(1)behonestwithsb.对某人说老实话，对某人坦诚Itishonestofsb.todosth.某人做某事是诚实的。(2)honestlyspeaking说
实在的，说真的[佳句背诵]Tobehonest,Idon’tlikethewayhespeakstome.说实话，我不喜欢他对我说话的方式。dealwith处理；安排；对付；论及；涉及；与……打交道；做买卖[一词多义]——写出下列句中dealwith的含义
①(2019·浙江卷6月)Theprinciplefordealingwithpraiseistoconsiderthelinkbetweenpraiseandeffort.处理②Hisarticledealswithmanyissueswearegreatlyconcerneda
bout.论及；涉及③Hisworkexperienceequippedhimtodealwithallkindsofpeople.与……打交道[能力提升]——一句多译事实上，我不知道他们将如何处理这个问题。④Asamatteroffact,Id
on’tknowhow__they__will__deal__with__the__problem．(dealwith)⑤Infact,I’matalosswhat__they__will__do__with__the
__problem．(dowith)(1)dowithsth.处理某事(2)makeadeal达成协议(3)agreat/gooddeal大量，许多agreat/gooddealof＋不可数名词大量的……[佳句背诵]Wecertainlydospendagreatdealofourti
mewaiting.我们确实花费许多时间等待。[名师点津](1)dealwith表示“处理”时，常与连接副词how连用。(2)dowith表示“处理”时，常与连接代词what连用。倒装句：so＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语(教材P37)SodoI
...我也一样……[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)ThemostfamousdesignersareChinese,soarethemodels,andsoaretheconsumers.②Theycouldn’tfindoutthecaus
eofthefire;neither/norcouldwe.[能力提升]——完成句子③(湖北卷)—Father,youpromised!—Well,so__I__did(我的确如此).Butitwasyouwhod
idn’tkeepyourwordfirst.④MarywasborninAustraliaandshelivedintheUnitedStates.So__it__was__with__Jane/It__was__the__same_
_with__Jane(珍也是如此)．(1)“so＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”意为“……也一样”，表示前面所述的肯定情况也适用于后者。(2)“neither/nor＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”，意为“……也不”，表示前面所述的否定情况也适用于后者。(3
)“soitiswith...＝itisthesamewith...”意为“……也一样”，表示前面出现的两种或几种情况也适合于另一个人或事。(4)“so＋主语＋系动词/助动词/情态动词”意为“……的确如此”，表示同意上文所述内容。“名词＋过去分词”构成的独立主格结
构(教材P38)Headbent,inhomesicknessIamdrowned.低头思故乡。[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Somuchworkto__do(do),wehavenotimetoplay.②Theguid
eleading(lead)theway,wehadnotroublegettingoutoftheforest.③Thetaskcompleted(complete),wehadaglobaltraveling.[能力提升]——句式升级(普通表达)Hewaslisteni
ngattentivelyinclass,andhiseyeswerefixedontheblackboard.④(高级表达)Hewaslisteningattentivelyinclass,his__
eyes__fixed__on__the__blackboard．(独立主格结构)⑤(高级表达)Hewaslisteningattentivelyinclass,with__his__eyes__fixed__on__
the__blackboard．(with复合结构)(1)名称或代词主格＋分词(2)名称或代词主格＋不定式(3)名称或代词主格＋形容词(副词、名词、介词短语)[佳句背诵]Wehavethreelargemulti－mediaclassroom
sinourschool,eachequippedwiththenewestcomputers.我们学校有三个大的多媒体教室，每一间都配备了最新的电脑。[名师点津]独立主格结构的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致，它独立存在。该结构在句中一般作状语，表示时间、条件
、原因、伴随状况等。维度一在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式1．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Authenticfiregear(服装)isprovidedforyourwarmthasourentertainerstakeyouto
someofthemostthrilling(thrill)partsofSanFrancisco.2．Iwascompletelybreathless(breathe)whenIgottothetopofthemountain.3
．Thereisadisturbing(disturb)increaseinthecrimerateinthatarea.4．Thereisagrowingtendency(tend)forpeopletoreturntothehometowntostarttheirbusiness.5．T
hedoctorsrecommendthatthechild(should)__have(have)abalanceddiet.维度二在空白处填入1个适当的单词1．Itisobviousthatwhathe
saysisnotconsistentwithwhathedoes.2．Yourbrandisapromiseofthevalueyou’lldelivertoyourcustomer.3．Whent
hefirereachedthetown,itbegantodiedown,__becausetherewasnothinglefttoburn.4．Ibackedupandwenttheotherdire
ction,tobehonestwithyou.5．Ifyoudidcome,shewouldtreatmetoanicecream.维度三语境品词(写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义)1．Theheadmasterdeliveredanimportantspeechatthemeetingyes
terday,whichleftadeepimpressiononhisstudents.发表2．Representingourschool,I’mwritingtoconveymysincereappreci
ationtoyouforthelectureconcerningbodylanguageyougaveuslastweek.表达3．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whentheg
overnmentstartedasoil－testingprogramwhichgivesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers—and2011,fertilizerusedro
ppedby7.7milliontons.建议4．Inresponsetotheappeal,Ihavemadesomechangesinmywayoflife,whichrangesfromtransportationtowaters
aving.变化5．WhenclimbingMountHuang,allthetouristswerestruckbyitsbeauty.迷恋6．(2018·江苏卷)It’svitalthatnewcom
pulsoryage-appropriaterelationshipandsexeducationlessonsinEnglandshouldhelpequipchildrentodealwiththegrowingdemandsofs
ocialmedia.处理提能一语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)BeforemeetingMrs.Liu,Iwasatroublesomestudentinmyclassandcaused1.endless(end)troublefo
rmyclass.Thosesuperiorstudentsdidn’tlikegettingalong2.withme.TheheadmasterevengaveacommandthatI3.(should)__be__sent(send)backhome.Itwas
evidentthatIlivedinafreezingenvironment.However,ourChineseteacher,Mrs.Liu,treatedmeinadifferentmanner.ShefoundthatIhad4.agreatgiftforChineselitera
tureoutofmydrawbacks.Shegavemea5.recommendation(recommend)thatIshouldreadsomeancientpoems.Shechosesomeaccessiblepoemsform
e.6.Later(late),shechosesomedifficultones.Ihadavagueunderstandingofthem.Mrs.Liuexplainedtherealmeaningofthemtomeandtaugh
tmehow7.to__be(be)arealman.8.Gradually(gradual),Ichangedinmanyways.Ireadarangeofpoems.Ifeltashamedfor
whatIhaddonebeforeinmyconscience.Thosepoemsdeliveredpositivemessages.9．Accompanied(accompany)bythesepoems,Iwentthroughmyh
ighschoolhappily.Ongraduationday,ImadeacommitmentthatIwouldbeconsistentinlovingpoems.10.Ifpossible,IwillbecomeaChineseteacher.提能二话题写作(用
本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)①很多女孩子因为节食而身体变得很脆弱。Manygirlshave__become__delicatebecausethey__are__going__
on__a__diet．②很多人一直努力减肥，但是徒劳无功。Manyofthemhave__been__trying__to__lose__weight,__but__in__vain．③我认为应该向这些女孩子传
达正确的信息。Ithinkweshouldconvey__some__right__information__to__the__girls．④她们应该吃由蔬菜和水果组成的晚餐。Theyshouldhavedinnerswhich__consist__o
f__vegetables__and__fruits．⑤很明显，经常运动会帮助保持稳定的体重。Evidently,regularexercisehelps__them__keep__steady__weight．2．升级平淡句⑥用现在分词作后置定
语升级句④They__should__have__dinners__consisting__of__vegetables__and__fruits.⑦用it作形式主语升级句⑤It__is__evident__that__regular__exercise__helps__th
em__keep__steady__weight.3．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：nowadays,also)__________________________________________________
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_________Onepossibleversion：Nowadaysmanygirlshavebecomedelicatebecausetheyaregoingonadiet.Manyofthemhavebee
ntryingtoloseweight,butinvain.Ithinkweshouldconveysomerightinformationtothegirls.Theyshouldhavedinnersconsistingofveg
etablesandfruits.Itisevidentthatregularexercisealsohelpsthemkeepsteadyweight.课时练12篇阅读＋1篇完形Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·合肥调研)Lifeont
hestreetisaconstantstruggleforhomelesspeople.Intimesofextremeweatherconditions,thatstrugglebecomesevenmoredifficult
.Recently,homelesspeopleacrossChicagofacedfreezingtodeathiftheycouldn’tfindshelterforthenight.Thankfully,onelocalwomanrefusedtoletthathappe
n.OnJanuary30,2018,34yearoldCandicePayne,alocalmanagingbroker,wasluckyenoughtohaveshelterfromthedangerouscond
itions.“Itwas－20℃，andIknewtheyweregoingtobesleepingoniceandIhadtodosomething，”saidPayne.Paynestartedbrainstormingdifferent
waysshecouldpossiblyhelp.Finally,shedecidedtoseeiftherewereanyroomsavailableatlocalinnsandhotelsthatshecouldge
ttohelpthosestuckonthestreet.ForPayne,hermissionwaspersonal.AccordingtoPayne,herhusband,CarlosCallahan,hadlivedonthestreeta
tonepointinhislife.Basedonhisexperiences,Payneknewthatthehomelesspeoplestilloutonthestreetdesperatelyneededhelpandthatifshedid
n’tstepuptohelp,noonelikelywould.However,whenPayneexplainedwhatshewastryingtodo,manyofthelocalhotelsrefusedtoallowherto
payfortheroomsastheydidn’twanthomelesspeopletostayintheirrooms.“Noonewantedthem,butonehotel,theAmberInn
,wasniceenoughtoallowmetobuytherooms，”saidPayne.Payne’sselflessactmadenewsacrossthecountry.However,sheinsistedshehadneverdoneitforattention.“Iamar
egularperson，”saidPayne,whospentthousandsofdollarsofherownmoneytohelpcompletestrangers.“Itallsoundedlikearichpersondidthis,butI’mjustalittl
eblackgirlfromtheSouthSide.”【解题导语】本文主要讲述了一位普通的芝加哥女士受到她丈夫经历的触动，为防止无家可归者在大街上被冻死，决定为他们订旅馆的房间。她的无私善举传遍全国。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”
inParagraph2referto?A．Localslivingonthestreet.B．Thehomelessfreezingtodeath.C．Theextremeweather.D．Theshelterforthehomeless.B解析：代词指代题。根据第一段
最后一句“Recently,homelesspeopleacrossChicagofacedfreezingtodeathiftheycouldn’tfindshelterforthenight.”可知，最近芝加哥各地的无家可归者如果找不到过夜的地方，
就会被冻死。结合画线词所在句可知，幸好，一位当地的女士拒绝让此发生。据此可推知，画线词that指代“Thehomelessfreezingtodeath”。2．HowdidCandicePaynehelpthehomelesspeople?A．Bydrawingpublicattention.B．
Bygivingthemmoneydirectly.C．Bytakingthemtoherownhouse.D．Bybuyinghotelroomsforthem.D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Fina
lly,shedecidedtoseeiftherewereanyroomsavailableatlocalinnsandhotelsthatshecouldgettohelpthosestuckonthes
treet.”可知，CandicePayne最终决定为这些无家可归者订旅馆的房间以免他们被冻死，故D项正确。3．WhatmaycontributetoPayne’sniceact?A．Herhusband’spastexperiences.B．The
requestsfromthehomeless.C．Herdesiretobecomefamous.D．Thecoldnessoflocalhotels.A解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三句“AccordingtoPayne,herhusba
nd,CarlosCallahan,hadlivedonthestreetatonepointinhislife.Basedonhisexperiences,Payneknewthatthehomelesspeoplestilloutonthestreetdesperately
neededhelpandthatifshedidn’tstepuptohelp,noonelikelywould.”可知，由于受到她的丈夫无家可归的经历的触动，她决定帮助这些无家可归的人，故A项正确
。4．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ABlackFighterChangestheWorldB．AWoman’sCuriosityBringsaRewardC．ARegularWomanMakesaDifferenceD．ACou
ple’sBraveActMovestheCountryC解析：标题归纳题。根据第二段第一句“Thankfully,onelocalwomanrefusedtoletthathappen.”和最后一段最后两句
并结合全文其他内容可知，本文主要讲述了一位普通的芝加哥女士受到她丈夫经历的触动，为防止无家可归者在大街上被冻死，决定为他们订旅馆的房间；她的无私善举传遍全国。故C项“一位普通女士的影响”最适合作本文的标题。B(2020·辽宁
五校模拟)IttookmultipleweddingsforChristineLawtorealizewhatsheneededtodo.Inthesummerof2014,herschedulewaspackedwithfriends’marriagecelebrations—flo
werfilledoccasionsthatgotherthinking,“Wheredoalltheflowersgoaftertheparty？”Moreoftenthannot,theywerethrownaway.Lawwasconfidentshecould
findabetteruseforthem.ByAugust,shehadaplan：convincecouplesandcompanieshostingeventstodonatetheirflowers,whichshewouldpickup
anddeliverwithin48hourstoseniorsacrossthecity.Shewantedtobringbeautyintothelivesoftheelderly.Shedrewonherexperiencethroughbeingavolunteerinnonpr
ofitinstitutionsinordertosetupherownorganization,whichshecalledFloranthropie.Nothavingenoughbouquets(花束
)forall150peopleofahealthcenter,Lawaskedthestafftoprovidealistofpatientswhoneededcheeringupmost,“ThefirstwomanIapp
roachedthoughtitwasamistake,andthattheflowerscouldn’tpossiblybeforher，”saysLaw.“Isaidtheywereagift,andwetalkedforahalfhour.”Inadditiontoheal
thcenters,Floranthropiefocusesoncommunitygroupsdevotedtotheelderly.LaëtitiaThélèmeisavolunteerforLesPetitsF
ières,anorganizationthataimstohelptheelderlywhodon’thaveasupportsystem.ThegroupreceivesadozenorsobouquetsfromFloranthrop
iemonthly,andthenredistributesthem.“Ourmottois‘flowersbeforebread’，”saysThélème.“Wedon’tfocusonprimarycare,butratheron
nourishing(滋养)thespirit.Floranthropiehelpsusdothat.It’samazingwhatabigdifferenceasmallbouquetcanmake.”Inthebeginning,mostofFloranthropie’sdo
nationscamethroughwordofmouth.Thesedays,Lawreceivesmessagesfromstrangersviaherorganization’sFacebookpageandhascon
nectedwithcorporationsandflowerwholesalers.LawhopestoexpandFloranthropienationally,butatthispointish
appytobeabletooverseeeachdeliverypersonally.【解题导语】本文讲述了ChristineLaw把婚礼上用过的花送给老人们，为他们的生活增加美的享受，她的做法得到了很多人的支持。5．WhatmadeChristine
LawsetupFloranthropie?A．Thewasteofflowers.B．Thelonelinessofseniors.C．Thepersuasionofotherfriends.D．Thewarmatmosphereofweddings.A解析：细节理解题。根据
第一段中的“‘Wheredoalltheflowersgoaftertheparty？’Moreoftenthannot,theywerethrownaway.Lawwasconfidentshecouldfindabetteruseforthem.”可知，婚礼上使用过的花束的
浪费使ChristineLaw成立了Floranthropie这个机构。故选A。6．Whatwasthefirstwoman’sreactiontoChristineLaw’sflowers?A．Shewasmove
d.B．Shewasexcited.C．Shewasworried.D．Shewassurprised.D解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“ThefirstwomanIapproachedthoughtitwasamistake,andthattheflow
erscouldn’tpossiblybeforher”可推知，当ChristineLaw给第一位女士送花时，她感到难以置信、相当惊讶。故选D。7．WhatcanweinferaboutFloranthropiefromLaëtiti
aThélème’swords?A．Itshouldfocusonprimarycare.B．Itisbenefitingmorethantheelderly.C．Itisdoingsomethingofgreatimportance.D．Its
houldcooperatewithmorenonprofitinstitutions.C解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Floranthropiehelpsusdothat.It’samazingwhatabigdifferenceasmallbouquetcanmake.”可推知，Laë
titiaThélème认为Floranthropie正在做很重要的事，故C项符合文意。8．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．VolunteerYourTimeB．Don’tThrowFlowersA
wayC．SpecialDeliveryMakesYourDayD．BrightenSeniors’LiveswithFlowersD解析：标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了ChristineLaw为了不浪费婚礼上用过的花，把花送给老人们，为他们的生活增加美的享受，故选D。Ⅱ.完形填空(20
20·安徽省示范高中模拟)IfirstdiscoveredCaféGratitudeseveralmonthsago.MyfriendDr.Heatherinvitedmeto__1__herforlunch.Heatherhad__2__m
ovedtoLosAngeles,andwewoulddiscusstheprojectweweredoing.Aswesatdownandwere__3__thedeliciousvegetarianmenu,theserverwhocametotakeour__4__askedus
thequestionoftheday,“Whatareyougratefulfor？”Ifeltafamiliarstir(震动)inmychest,andmyeyesbegantowater.__5__apause,Heather__6
__herhandouttomeandsaidthatitwaswithme.Iexpressedmygratitudetobewithher__7__，enjoyingthismomentofourshared__8__andhe
rnewstartinLosAngeles.Afteradeliciouslunch,Idecidedtostayawhilelonger__9__thequestionhadinspiredmetomeetthecoowner,Ryland.Pausesor__10__inlif
eareaverygoodtimetolistentowhat’s__11__oninsideofourhearts.WhenRylandcameovertomy__12__withhisbigsmile,his
titleofChiefInspirationOfficerseemedvery__13__forhispersonality.Hegavemehis__14__attentionasheopenedhishearttolisten.ItoldhimhowIwantedtoh
elphimopenmore__15__sotherecouldbemoreplacestoeatandhelpspreadthis__16__of“beinggenerousandgratefuleveryday”.Sincethat__17__，CaféG
ratitudehasbeenmyfavoriteplacetoeat.Whatarewardingandmeaningfulexperience!AndI’vesincelearnedthatCaféGratitud
e__18__businessthroughwhattheycall“SacredCommerce”wheretheyprovideinspiredservice,andexpress__19__fortherichnessofourl
ives.Asimplequestionthatday__20__medownnewpathsandgavemenewfriendships.【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。“我”应邀和朋友在一家“感恩餐馆”共进午餐，当服务员问我们“我们感激什么”时，“我”和
“我”的朋友都认为那一刻彼此的陪伴让我们感激。这一简单的问题让“我”有了新的人生感悟……1．A.attendB．accompanyC．involveD．findB解析：根据语境可知，“我”的朋友Heather博士邀请“我”陪她共进午餐。B项意为“陪伴”，故B项正确。A项意为“参加，看护”，C项意为
“使卷入，涉及”，D项意为“找到”，都与语境不符。2．A.evenB．everC．seldomD．justD解析：根据上文可知，“我”的朋友Heather博士邀请“我”陪她共进午餐；结合常识和该句中“had______movedtoLosAngeles”以及下文中的“hernews
tartinLosAngeles”可推知，“我”的朋友Heather刚迁到洛杉矶。D项意为“刚刚”，符合语境，故D项正确。A项意为“甚至”，B项意为“曾经”，C项意为“很少”，都与语境不符。3．A.l
ookingB．testingC．planningD．studyingD解析：根据空后的“deliciousvegetarianmenu”及常识可知，我们坐下后开始仔细察看菜单。D项意为“仔细察看”，故D项正
确。A项意为“看”，B项意为“测试”，C项意为“计划”，都与语境不符。4．A.spaceB．timeC．orderD．placeC解析：根据该句中的“theserverwhocametotake”及常识可以推知，服务员过来为我们点餐。C项意为“
点菜”，故C项正确。A项意为“空间”，B项意为“时间”，D项意为“地方”，都与语境不符。5．A.WithoutB．DespiteC．IntermsofD．RegardlessofA解析：根据语境可知，Heather毫无(Without
)停顿地向“我”伸(reached)出手，说和“我”在一起让她很感激。6．A.reachedB．shookC．clappedD．stuckA解析：参见上题解析。reach意为“伸，伸手(以碰触或提起某物)”，故A项正确。B项意为“摇动”，C项意为“鼓掌”，D项意为“粘，贴”，都与语境不符。7
．A.eitherB．aswellasC．alsoD．tooD解析：根据上文的内容及该句中的“Iexpressedmygratitudetobewithher”可知，“我”也为和她在一起表达了感激。too“也”，通常用于肯定句句末，故D项正确。8．A.projectB．seatC．hone
styD．friendshipD解析：根据上文可知，我们都表达了对彼此陪伴的感激；再结合该句中的“shared”可以推知，我们享受着共同的友谊时光。D项意为“友谊”，故D项正确。A项意为“项目”；B项意为“
座位”；C项意为“诚实”。9．A.soB．asC．ifD．beforeB解析：空处前一句是说，午饭后“我”想多待上一会儿；空处后一句说，这个问题使“我”想要和餐厅老板Ryland见上一面，据此可知，空前为果，空后为因，故as“因为”正确。10．A.actionB
．delaysC．hurryD．dreamsB解析：根据语境可知，空处与“Pauses”对应，应为其同义词语，故delays“延迟”符合语境。A项意为“行动”，C项意为“匆忙”，D项意为“梦想”，都与语境不符。11．A.lookingB
．insistingC．goingD．agreeingC解析：根据语境可知，暂停和延迟是生活中很好的一个时刻去倾听我们内心进行的活动。goon意为“发生”，为固定搭配，符合语境，故C项正确。12．A.comp
anyB．tableC．houseD．carB解析：根据语境可知，Ryland微笑着走近“我”的餐桌旁。B项意为“桌子”，故B项正确。A项意为“公司”，C项意为“房子”，D项意为“汽车”，都与语境不符。13．A.suitableB．readyC．eagerD．anxiousA解析
：根据语境可知，他微笑着，看起来他“首席灵感官”的头衔和他的个性很匹配。besuitablefor为固定搭配，意为“适合于……”，故A项正确。B项意为“准备好的”，C项意为“渴望的”，D项意为“急切的”，都与语境不符。14．A.simpleB．
fullC．urgentD．regularB解析：根据语境可知，他敞开心扉倾听，全身心注意着“我”。B项意为“完全的”，故B项正确。A项意为“简单的”；C项意为“紧急的”；D项意为“经常的”。15．A.hotelsB．sch
oolsC．clubsD．restaurantsD解析：根据空后的“moreplacestoeat”可推知，“我”想要帮助他开更多的饭店，这样的话就有更多的地方就餐并传播他“每天要慷慨并感恩”的理念。D项意为“饭店”，故D项正确。A项意为“宾馆”；B项意为“学校”；C项意
为“俱乐部”。16．A.lessonB．noteC．messageD．lectureC解析：参见上题解析。A项意为“课”，B项意为“便条”，D项意为“讲座”，都与语境不符。17．A.meetingB．performance
C．actD．vacationA解析：根据上文中的“meetthecoowner”并结合语境可知，自从那次见面以来，“感恩餐馆”就成了“我”最喜爱去就餐的地方。A项意为“会面”，故A项正确。B项意为“表演”；C项意为“行动”；D项意为“假期”。18．A.t
rainsB．practicesC．reviewsD．concludesB解析：根据语境可知，“感恩餐馆”通过他们的这种商业模式实践他们的业务。B项意为“实践”，故B项正确。A项意为“培训”，C项意为“审查”，D项意为“总结”，都与语境不符。19．A.explanationB
．appreciationC．considerationD．applicationB解析：根据语境可知，他们向我们生命的丰足表达了感激。B项意为“感激”，故B项正确。A项意为“解释”；C项意为“考虑”；D项意为“申请”。20．A.sur
prisedB．ledC．returnedD．heldB解析：根据语境可知，那天的一个简单的问题，引导“我”走上新的道路，给了“我”新的友谊(关系)。B项意为“引领”，故B项正确。A项意为“使惊奇”；C
项意为“归还”；D项意为“抓住，握住”。课时练22篇阅读＋1篇读后续写Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·福建质量检查)MyneighborOrlandoisaparamedic(护理人员).HeandhiswifearesomeofthenicestpeopleIhaveeverm
et.Afewyearsbackwestartedthissortof“favorwar”，whereoneofuswoulddosomethingfortheother,suchasshoveling(铲)hisdrivewa
yorhelpinghimbuildashed,andnexttimetheotherwouldtrytotopitwithanotherfavor.Yesterdaymorningtherewasmaybe2or
3feetofsnowonthegroundandIrememberedheshoveledmydrivewayformelastsnowfall.SoItookoutmyshovelandtookcareofbothoursid
ewalksanddrivewaysbecauseitwasmyturntodoafavorback.IttookawhilebutIfinishedandgotintomycarforwork.WhatIdidn’trealizewasthatOrlando
hadtoworkthatdaytoo.FastforwardtothismorningIgotaknockonmydoor.Itwashim.HeimmediatelyshookmyhandandinformedmethatbecauseIshoveledhisdrivewayandsidewa
lkforhim,hewasabletogettoworkearlier.Assoonashestartedhisshift,acallcamethroughthatayoungboywasinamedicalemerg
ency.Luckilyheandhispartnerwereonlyabout2minutesaway,butthenextclosestambulancewasin10minutes.Thiskiddidnothave10minutes.Hebare
lyhad2minutes.Becausemyneighborgottoworksooner,theyoungboygottolivehislife.Thisisn’tabrag(吹嘘).Thisistoinformothersthateventhesmallestfavorscanhave
thebiggestimpacts.Itwasn’ttoomuchoftroubletoshovelhisdrivewayforhim,butbecauseIdid,theyoungkidgottoseehisfamilyagain,g
obacktoschoolagain,talktohisfriendsagainandlivehislife.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。“我”和邻居Orlando总是互相帮助，这次下雪，“我”帮助他铲除了道路上的积雪，让他能很快去上班。一个等待急救的男
孩在他的及时救治下摆脱了危险。“我”的善举救了孩子一命。1．WhatcanweknowaboutthewriterandOrlando?A．Theyoncehadaconflict.B．Theysignedafavorableagreement.C．The
yfavorshovelingsnowtogether.D．Theyarealwaysreadytohelpeachother.D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Afewyearsbackwestartedthissortof‘favorwar
’，whereoneofuswoulddosomethingfortheother,suchasshoveling(铲)hisdrivewayorhelpinghimbuildashed,andnexttimetheotherwouldtry
totopitwithanotherfavor.”可知，几年前我们就开始这种“互助活动”，一个人帮助另一个人之后，下一次便由对方提供帮助；据此可知，作者和Orlando总是乐意互相帮助，故D项正确。2．Whosavedtheboybeforeitwastoolate?A．Thewrit
er.B．Theboy’sparents.C．Orlandoandhiswife.D．Orlandoandhispartner.D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第五句“Luckilyheandhispartnerwereonlyabout2minute
saway,butthenextclosestambulancewasin10minutes.”，并结合该段内容可知，Orlando和他的搭档离医院只有大约两分钟的车程，他们很快上班挽救了男孩的生命，故D项正确。3．Whatdo
esthewriterintendtotellus?A．Neveraskfortrouble.B．Nofavoristoosmall.C．Onecannotalwaysbelucky.D．Don’tloseheartina
nemergency.B解析：写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是尾段第二句“Thisistoinformothersthateventhesmallestfavorscanhavethebiggestimpacts.”可知，本文是为了告诉读者，即使是最
小的帮助也能产生最大的影响，故B项正确。B(2020·贵阳摸底)Manyofusthink,wrongly,thatthemoondoesn’tchange.Forexample,theTangDynastypoetZhangRuoxuoncewrotethat“Genera
tionshavecomeandpassedaway;Fromyeartoyearthemoonslookalike,oldandnew.”However,anewstudypublishedinthejournalNatureGeo
scienceshowsthatthemoonisinfactslowlyshrinkingovertime.Forthestudy,agroupofUSscientistsexaminedandanalyzedthousandsofphotographstakenbytheNAS
A’sLunarReconnaissanceOrbiterCamera(月球勘测轨道飞行器照相机).Theyfoundthattherewerelotsoffaults(断层)onthesurfaceoft
hemoon.Thesefaultswereformedbyrecentmovementonthemoon.AccordingtoNASA,themoonismadeupofpiecesofrockswithahotcore.Themooncontinuedtoexpandasi
twasborn.Butinthisprocess,itreleasedenergyandcooleddown.Thenitbegantoshrink,inawaycomparabletotheshrinkingofagrapeintoaraisin.Overth
epastseveralhundredmillionyears,ithasbecome46meters“skinnier”.Butduetoitshardandrockylayer,themoon’ssurfacecontinuestopushup.“So
meofthesequakescanbefairlystrong,aroundfiveontheRichterscale(里氏震级)，”saidThomasWatters,aseniorscientistattheSmithsonian’sNationalAi
randSpaceMuseumintheUS.Butdoesthatmeanthemoonisadangerousplacethathumanshouldn’ttrytoexploreandliveoninthefuture?Maybe
not,reportedTheTelegraph.“Thisisn’tanythingtoworryabout.Themoonmaybeshrinking,butnotbymuch.It’snotgoinganywhere
，”Watterscomfortedus.Thenewdiscoveryprovesthattheideathatthemoonisadead,boringplaceiswrong.“Wehavebeentothemoonandwe’vedonesomegre
atscience,butthereisstillalotwedon’tknow.Themoonisshrinking—wedidn’treallyrealizethatuntilrecently.It
’samuchmoreactiveandinterestingplacethanwethoughtandweshouldexplorethat,”NASAscientistNathanWilliamssaid.【解题导语】月球并非如唐代诗人张若虚在诗中描绘的那
样是亘古不变的。一项最新的科学研究表明，月球正在随着时间慢慢地缩小。此外，这项研究还表明月球还有许多我们不了解的东西，它是一个比我们认为的更活跃、更有意思的地方，我们应该探索它。4．Whichpointofviewaboutthemoonmayt
hewriteragreeto?A．Itstaysthesameasbefore.B．Itisbecomingslightlysmaller.C．Itisgettingolderandolder.D．Ithaspassedaway.B解析：细节理解题
。根据第二段第一句“However，anewstudy...showsthatthemoonisinfactslowlyshrinkingovertime.”可知，一项新的发表在《自然·地球科学》上的
研究表明，月球正在随着时间慢慢地缩小，故选B项。5．Whatcanwelearnaboutthemoonfromthethirdparagraph?A．Ithasbecome46metersfatterduetoexpanding.B
．Ithaschangedfromagrapeintoaraisininrecentyears.C．ItquakesevenatsevenontheRichterscale.D．Ithasahotcoreandreleasesene
rgyduringexpanding.D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“themoonismadeupofpiecesofrockswithahotcore.Themooncontinuedtoexpandasitwa
sborn.Butinthisprocess,itreleasedenergy”可知，月球由带有一个热核的岩石块组成，当它形成时月球在持续膨胀，在这个过程中它会释放能量，故选D项。6．Whothinks
thatweneedn’tworryaboutthemoon?A．ZhangRuoxu.B．ThomasWatters.C．NathanWilliams.D．Thejournalist.B解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中ThomasWatters说的话“Thisisn’tanythingtowor
ryabout...It’snotgoinganywhere”可知，ThomasWatters认为我们不必担心月球，尽管月球在缩小，但它并没有缩小很多，故选B项。7．WhatdoesNathanWilliamsthinkofthemoon?A．Itisad
eadandboringplace.B．Ithaslotsoffaultsonthesurface.C．Itisvaluabletodomorescience.D．Itisn’taplacewherewecanlive.C解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中Natha
nWilliams说的话“Wehavebeentothemoonandwe’vedonesomegreatscience...weshouldexplorethat”可知，NathanWilliams认为月球有许多我们不了解的东西，值得我们去探索，据此可推知，他认为研究月球是
有价值的，故选C项。Ⅱ.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Alicehadjustbeenappointedinthemult
inationalbank.Afteronemonthofseveretraining,todaywasherfirstdaytogotowork.Shegotupabitearlierthanusual,anddecidedtos
kiphergymworkoutasshedidnotwanttoriskbeingtiredorgettinglatetoherofficeonherfirstday.Shewentthroughhermo
rningroutineandspentalotoftimeinselectingwhattowear.Noneofherdressesseemedtoappealtoher—theywereeitheralittletoocasualortoodull
andshedefinitelywantedtomakeanimpressionrightfromthestart.Finallyshesettledonthewhiteembroidered(刺绣的)dress.Shewavedbyetohermomandsetoff
cheerfullytowardsthebusstop.Butshesawabusleavingthestopjustasshecrossedthestreet.Nowshewouldhavetowai
tforagood15minutes.15minutespassedandthen30minutesandtherewasnosignofthebus.“Itmustbestuckinheavytraffic，”akindladywhowasalsowaitingforthebustold
her.Hearingthat,Alicegotanxious.Shehadtoreachherofficeontime.Thenshesawataxiapproachingbutwhenshetriedtostopit,thetaxidriversped
bywithouteventakingaglanceather.Alicewaswonderingwhatshecoulddo.Itwasthenthatacarstoppednearherandamanwavedtoher.Thedrivera
skedherwhereshewasgoingandafterAlicetoldhimthatshewasgoingtothebankatNarimanPoint,themansaid,“Oh,myoff
iceisinthenearbybuilding.CanIgiveyoualift？”Alicehesitatedforamomentandgotintothecar.Theyexchangednamesandbegantotalkforawhile.Thenthed
riverswitchedontheradioandwasabsorbedinthesong.Alicelookedoutofthewindowandimaginedherfirstdayatwork,worryingwhethershewascapableofthe
newjob,andifshecouldgetalongwellwithhercolleagues.Afterabouttenminutes,Alicerealizedtheywerenotonthefamiliarroutetoheroffice.Paragraph1：S
hebegantoworrythatshemightgetintothecarofabadman.__________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2：Thenthecar
turnedaroundacornerandAlicesawthetallbuildingwhereherofficewasunexpectedly._______________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________Onepossibleversion：Paragraph1：Shebegantoworrythatshemi
ghtgetintothecarofabadman.Sosheaskedcautiouslywhethertheyweregoingtoherbank.Thedriversaidthattheytookanewshortcut,astherew
asusuallyheavytrafficontheotheroneatthishour,andcontinuedhissong.ThatmadesomesenseandAlicedidn’tsayanythingmore.Anotherfiftee
nminutespassed,andtheroadwasevenstrangerforher.ThatmanwasdrivingspeedilyandAlicebecamemoreandmoreanxious.Sh
edecidedthatwhenthecarnextstoppedatthetrafficlightsshewouldjumpout.Paragraph2：ThenthecarturnedaroundacornerandAlicesawthetal
lbuildingwhereherofficewasunexpectedly.Shebreathedasighofrelief.Withinminutes,theyreachedthegateofthebuilding.“Herewea
re！”thedriverpulledupandsaid.Alicegotoutofthecar,herfaceturningred.Shefeltquitesorryforhavingdoubtedthedriver.Shebelievedtherewereindeedmore
kindpeopleintheworld.Shesaid,“Thankyouverymuch！”，withabigsmile,andhurriedtoherofficewithgreatexpectation.Sheknewshewouldhaveagoodday.获得更多资源请扫码加入
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