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一、语基必备知识(一)重点词汇——分类记忆Ⅰ.阅读词汇——知其意1．spellingn．拼写2．backwardsadv.由后向前地3．blankadj.空白的4．statusn.现状；社会地位5．chiefadj.最高级别的6．sayingn.格言，谚语7．alphabetn.字母表8．mi
ldadj.温和的9．pacen.速度，步速10．dragvt.拖，拉11．fellown.同伴12．rankn.职衔13．shadown.阴影，影子14．civilisationn.文明15．conventionaladj.传统的，保守的Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形1．co
rrectionn.改正，改进2．secureadj.稳定的；无忧无虑的3．swellv.被充满；膨胀，肿胀4．buryvt.埋葬5．distinguishvt.区别，辨别6．reputationn.名誉，名声7．slighta
dj.少量的，微小的8．obeyvt.服从，听从9．outstandingadj.杰出的，优秀的10．misunderstandv.误解11．pourvt.倒，灌12．lackvt.缺乏，没有13．acquirevt.获得，得到14．unwillingadj.不情愿的15．vitalad
j.极其重要的Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变1．suspectv．怀疑→suspiciousadj.怀疑的2．instructv．指导，教导→instructiveadj.有益的；有教育意义的→instructionn．教育，指导3．punishmentn．惩罚，处罚→punishvt.惩罚4．refle
ctvt.反映；反射→reflectionn．反射；反省；想法5．selectvt.挑选→selectionn．选拔；选择6．accessn．(使用或见到的)机会，权利→accessibleadj.易到达的；随和的7．worthwh
ileadj.值得努力的→worthyadj.值得的→worthadj.值得……的，有价值……的n．价值8．ignorevt.忽视，不顾→ignorantadj.不知道的→ignorancen．无知9．approv
ev．赞成；认可；满意→approvaln．赞成10．urgevt.力劝，强烈要求→urgentadj.紧急的→urgencyn．迫切11．inspirev．启发；鼓舞→inspirationn．灵感；给予鼓舞(激励)之人/事→
inspiringadj.鼓舞人心的→inspiredadj.受启示的12．assumevt.假定，假设→assumptionn.假定，假设13．adaptvt.(使)适应→adaptationn．改造→adaptableadj.能
适应的14．appreciationn．欣赏→appreciatevt.重视；鉴赏；感激15．simplifyvt.简化→simpleadj.简单的；单纯的→simplyadv.简单地；仅仅1.“优秀”人才描绘词①o
utstanding杰出的②excellent优秀的③splendid极好的④firstclass第一流的⑤talented/gifted有才能的⑥capable有能力的⑦intelligent聪明的2.
“学习过程”词汇集锦①attendvt.参加；上学②concentratevi.集中(精力)③reviewvi.复习功课④acquirevt.获得，得到⑤absorbvt.吸收；理解⑥graspvt.理解；
领会⑦mastervt.精通；掌握3.以“-ify”结尾的动词荟萃①simplify简化②beautify美化③purify净化④identify鉴定；识别出⑤classify分类⑥horrify使恐惧⑦te
rrify使恐惧，使惊吓(二)重点短语——记牢用活1．lay__off裁员；解雇2．aside__from除……之外3．set__off出发；使爆炸；引发4．be__accustomed__to习惯于5．approve__of赞成，赞许6．as__a__whole总
的来说7．switch__off关闭8．to__a__certain__extent在某种程度上9．tend__to倾向于，往往会10．frankly__speaking老实说，说实话11．go__up上涨，上升12．go__blank(头脑)变成空白13．put__forward提出1
4．in__conclusion最后，总之15．to__start__with首先，第一1.as短语一扫光①asif/though好像②asto/for关于，至于③asusual照例，照常④asfollows如下⑤asaresult结果
⑥asawhole总的来说2.“v.＋forward”短语速记①moveforward向前移动②stepforward向前走③goforward前行④putforward提出⑤lookforward向前看⑥keepforward继续
前进3.“in＋n.”短语集训营①inadvance事先，提前②inconclusion最后，总之③inreturn作为回报④inorder井然有序⑤inplace在适当的位置⑥introuble在困境中(三)重点句式——背熟巧用句型公式教
材原句句型1：beabouttodo...“正要做……”，通常与when连用NowI’mabout__to__graduatefromtheSchoolofContinuingEducationatQinghuaUn
iversitywithaBachelor’sDegreeinComputerEngineeringbydistancelearning.现在我即将从清华大学继续教育学院毕业，获得远程教育的计算机工程学士学位。句型2：Itwa
s(high)time(that)sb.did/shoulddosth.Idecidedthatit__was__timeIbecameanInternetuser.我觉得该是我成为因特网用户的时候了。句型3：wish后的宾语从句常用虚拟语气IsupposeIwasabitlaz
yandnowIwish__I’d__donemorework,especiallyinmaths.我想我当时有点懒，现在我真希望当时能多做些努力，特别是在数学方面。二、语境强化训练Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式1．Heisawellrespectedt
eacherandhaswonagoodreputation(名声)forallhehasdoneforthekids.2．(2018·天津卷)Thepossibilitythatthereislifeonotherplanetsintheuniverse
hasalwaysinspired(激励)scientiststoexploretheouterspace.3．(2019·江苏卷)What’smore,thetraditionalChinesedresscan’treflect(反映)theuniquecultureofourschoo
l.4．(2018·浙江卷6月)Eyeingtheseheadwinds,plasticbagmakersarehiringscientistslikeSteintomakethecasethattheirproductsarenotasbadfor
theplanetasmostpeopleassume(认为)．5．Iwillinvitesomefamousprofessorstogivelecturesforourstudentssothatwecanacquire(获得)alotofknowledge.6．
Itisworthwhile(worth)torealisetimeisprecious.7．Thestudentwhocheatsintheexaminationwillbegivenaseverepunishment(punish)．8．Themanwassuspected(s
uspect)ofgivingawaythesecrettoourenemy.9．Ifacomputeruserfailstologoff,thesystemisaccessible(access)toall.10．Whentheexaminationwascomi
ng,shefeltnervous,increasinglylacking(lack)inconfidenceaboutherself.Ⅱ.派生词练习——用所给词的适当形式填空1．Thelocalvillagerswereinurgentneedofhelp,soweurge
dthegovernmenttotakeactionatonce,foritwasamatterofgreaturgency．(urge)2．Itwasasimplequestion,forourteacheralwayssimplifiedhisexplanationforus.Some
studentslostmarkssimplybecausetheydidn’treadthequestionproperly.(simply)3．Icouldn’tfinishtheessay,forIwasshortofi
nspiration.WhenIheardtheinspiringmusic,IbecameinspiredandIwassurethatIwouldfinishitsoon.(inspire)4．MydaughterisveryadaptableandI’m
surethatshewilladaptherselftothenewschoolandnowsheisseeingafilmwhichisanadaptationfromarealperson.(adapt)5．Itiswrongofyoutoignorethetraffi
crules.Infact,therearestillmanypeoplewhoareignorantofthem.Itistheirignorancethatleadstomanyaccidents.(ignore)Ⅲ.选词成篇approveof;goup
;putforward;beaccustomedto;franklyspeaking1．Frankly__speaking,__theproblemofhaze(雾霾)isbecomingworseandworse.Oneofthecause
sisthatthenumberofthepeoplewhodrivetoworkis2.going__up.Someexpertshave3.put__forwardtheideathattheyshou
ldgotoworkbybusorbike.Mostdrivers4.approve__ofitbutthey5.have__been__accustomed__todriving.asidefrom;tendto;t
ostartwith;asawhole;toacertainextentI6.tend__toimaginewhatmylifewouldbelikeinthefuturealthoughIoftengobacktotheti
meIhavespent.7.To__start__with,__Ithinkmylifewillbeverydifferentintenyears.Iwillhavemyownfamily,probablywithalovelychild.8.Aside__fromthese,Iwil
lworkinacompany,schoolorgovernmentdepartment.Iwillenjoymyworkandgetalongwellwithmycolleagues.Iwillbefinanciallyindependen
t9.to__a__certain__extent.10.As__a__whole,__mylifewillbemuchricherandmorecolorful.Ⅳ.完成句子1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)得知你即将拜访一位中国朋友，并对中国风俗感到困惑，我写信告诉你一些相关细节
。Learningthatyou__are__about__to__pay__a__visit__to__a__Chinese__friendandconfusedabouttheChinesecustoms,Iamwritingtoinformyou
ofsomerelevantdetails.2．你该回家看看父母了。Itishightimethatyou__went__home__to__see__your__parents．3．我希望明天能与那位
明星交流想法。IwishI__could__exchange__ideas__with__the__star．suspectv．怀疑，不信任，猜想n．可疑分子，犯罪嫌疑人[能力提升]——一句多译这个人怀疑那天晚上他的邻居偷了他的羊。①Th
emansuspected__his__neighbour__of__stealing__his__sheepthatnight.②Themansuspected__that__his__neighbour__stole__his__sheepthatnight.suspectsb.of(doi
ng)sth.怀疑某人(做过)某事suspectsb./sth.tobe...怀疑某人/某物为……suspectthat...怀疑……distinguishvi.&vt.辨别；显示……的差别；使……有所不同[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Asfarasweallknow,LangPinghasa
lreadydistinguishedherselfasagreatvolleyballcoachintheworld.②(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)IcanintroduceChinesepaintingtoourdistinguished(distinguish
)guestsefficientlywhileofferingthemconstructiveguidance.[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级③(普通表达)Becauseitis__distinguished__for__its__
attractive__scenery(以其迷人的风景而闻名),Hangzhouwitnesseslargenumbersoftouristseveryyear.④(高级表达)Distinguished__for__its__attractive__scenery,__
Hangzhouwitnesseslargenumbersoftouristseveryyear.(分词作状语)(1)distinguishbetweenAandB区分A和Bdistinguish...from...把……与
……区分开来distinguishoneself(as...)(作为……)而出名(2)distinguishedadj.卓越的；杰出的bedistinguishedfor...因……而出名bedistinguishedas...作为……
而出名[佳句背诵]Readinggoodbookscannotonlyenrichourmindsbutalsoteachustodistinguishbetweenrightandwrong.读好书不仅可以丰富我们的思想，还可以教我们分
清是非。[联想发散]“因……而出名”的其他表达形式：①be__famous__for；②be__well-known__forreflectv．反映，显示；表达；表现；反射；思考，反省[基础练习]——单句语法填空①a.(2019·江苏卷)Acityisthe
productofthehumanhandandmind,reflecting(reflect)man’sintelligenceandcreativity.b．(上海卷)Sean’sstrongloveforhiscountr
yis__reflected(reflect)inhisrecentlypublishedpoems.②Usuallyachild’sbehaviourisareflection(reflect)ofhisf
amilyenvironment.[能力提升]——完成句子③(浙江卷)如果你养成一种思考如何学习的习惯的话，你作为学生的表现肯定很优秀。Yourperformanceasastudentwillbeexcellentifyoudevelopahab
itofreflecting__on/upon__how__you__learn．(1)reflecton/upon仔细考虑/沉思/反省……(2)reflectionn.反映，表现；倒影，影像；思考，反省[佳句背诵]Asthesayinggoes,readingwithoutreflectingi
slikeeatingwithoutdigesting.正如谚语所说“读书不思考犹如吃饭不消化”。[文化佳句]Theword“swimming”canbefoundinaverseinthe“BookofSongs”，Chi
neseearliestcollectionofpoems,whichreflectsthepracticeofthesportinancienttimes.“游泳”这个词可以在中国最早的诗集《诗经》的一首诗中找到，这反映出古代已经有
了游泳这项运动。lackv．缺乏，缺少n．缺乏；缺少；不足[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(福建卷)Moreandmorehigh-risebuildingshavebeenbuiltinbigcitiesforlackofspace.②a.Thoughla
cking(lack)money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtoauniversity.b．Lacking(lack)suchexperiencewillconstantlytroubleyouinyourbusiness.[能力提升]——一句多译他们
缺乏与他人交流的能力，因此在比赛中失败了。③Theylacked__the__skill__to__communicate__with__others,__sotheyfailedinthecompet
ition.(lackvt.)④Lacking__the__skill__to__communicate__with__others,__theyfailedinthecompetition.(分词作状语)(1)lacksth.缺少某物(a)lackof...……的缺少forl
ackof...因缺少……(2)lackingadj.缺少的；缺乏的belackingin缺少……；……不足[佳句背诵]Onemajordisadvantageofthisareaisthelackofpublictransport.这个地区的一个主要的不利条件是缺少公共交通。[名师点津]l
ack既可以作动词也可以作名词。作及物动词时不能用于被动语态，后面直接接宾语；作名词时，后面常用介词of。accessn．接近；通路；进入(使用)的权利或机会vt.使用；接近；进入[基础练习]——单句语法填空①a.(2018·江苏卷)Kidssho
uldn’thaveaccesstoviolentfilmsbecausetheymightimitatethethingstheysee.b．(广东卷)Thissitegivesyouinstantaccess
toawiderangeofinformationonstudyingandlivingintheUK.②(2017·北京卷)Themagazinemakescomplexideasattractiveandacces
sible(access)tochildren.[能力提升]——词汇升级(普通表达)Thedisabledpeoplegetintothebuildingeasilyasithasnosteps.③(高级表达)Thebuildingis__easily__a
ccessible__tothedisabledpeopleasithasnosteps.④(高级表达)Thedisabledpeopleget__easy__access__tothebuildingasithasn
osteps.(1)accessto...……的通路；利用……的权利have/get/obtainaccessto使用/接近……的权利或机会(2)accessibleadj.可进入的；可使用的beaccessiblet
o易接近的；能进入的[佳句背诵]ThedevelopmentoftheBeltandRoadhelpsChinesetraderstohaveaccessto/beaccessibletoabroader
market.“一带一路”的发展帮助中国贸易商得以进入更广阔的市场。[词块助记]theonlyaccesstothevillage通往村子的唯一道路havenoaccesstocleandrinkingwater喝不到干净的饮用水accesstheInternet访问互联网worthwh
ileadj.值得努力的[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Itisworthmaking(make)anefforttopromotethepublicawarenessofenvironmentalprotection.②Guilinisab
eautifulplace.It’sworthwhilegoing/to__go(go)there.[能力提升]——完成句子/一句多译③(天津卷)在家里或者社区里劳动的男孩子们获得了能力，逐渐感觉到他们是对
社会有用的成员。Boyswhoworkedinthehomeorcommunitygainedcompetenceandcametofeelthey__were__worthwhile__members__of__society．④(全国卷Ⅱ)既然你对中国的传统文化感兴趣，我认为这个节日是值得
体验的。→SinceyouareinterestedintraditionalChineseculture,Ithinkthisfestivalis__worth__experiencing．(worth)→Nowthatyo
uareinterestedintraditionalChineseculture,Ithinkthisfestivalis__worthy__to__be__experienced/is__worthy
__of__being__experienced．(worthy)→SinceyouareinterestedintraditionalChineseculture,Ithinkit__is__worthwhile__experiencing/to__experi
encethisfestival.(worthwhile)(1)Itisworthwhiledoingsth./todosth.做某事是值得的。(2)worthadj.值得的，有价值的bewellworthdoing……很值得做b
eworthit值得一做；值得花精力(3)worthyadj.值得……的beworthyofsth./beingdone/tobedone值得……/值得做……[佳句背诵]①Webelievethetimeandhardworkinvo
lvedincompletingsuchanassignmentareworthwhile.我们认为完成这样一项任务所付出的时间与辛苦都是值得的。②Itmightbeworthwhileconsidering/toconsideryouratti
tudetoaninsurancepolicy.考虑一下你对投保的看法也许是值得的。acquirevt.获得，得到，取得[能力提升]——完成句子①据我所知，她的英语已经学得很好了。AsfarasIknow,shehas__acquired__a__good_
_knowledge__of__English．②这个年轻人在国外学习时，养成了熬夜的习惯。Theyoungmanacquired__a__habit__of__staying__upwhilestudyin
gabroad.③只有有耐心圆满完成简单工作的人，才能够轻而易举地完成困难的事。Onlythosewhohavethepatiencetodosimplethingsperfectlyeveracquire__the__skill__to
__dodifficultthingseasily.④为了获得全部信息，我问了许多不同的问题。To__acquire__all__the__information,__Iaskedmanydifferentquestions.acquireaknowledgeof...学会了……acquir
eagoodreputation获得好名声acquireatastefor开始喜欢上acquireahabitof养成……的习惯[佳句背诵]①Itmakesinvaluablereadingforanyonewho
wantstoacquireagreaterdepthofunderstandingofthesubject.对于任何想要更深入地了解这门学科的人来说，这本书都是非常宝贵的读物。②Youmustworkhardtoacquireagoodknowledgeofaforeig
nlanguage.你必须通过努力来获得外语知识。urgevt.催促；极力主张；驱策n．强烈的欲望；冲动[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Ineverfeltanurgeto__lear
n(learn)anysignlanguagebefore.②(2018·浙江卷6月)Becauseofallthisextratime,therewasnosenseofurgency(urge)todomyschool
workimmediately.③Heaskedtoseethemanagerforsomethingurgent(urge)．[能力提升]——完成句子④(江苏卷)人们不仅在网上投票，还敦促他人投票支持诸如“最美丽的老师”和“最萌宝贝”这样的竞赛。Peoplenotonlycastonlinev
otesthemselves,butalsourge__others__to__vote__forcompetitionslike“TheMostBeautifulTeacher”and“TheCutestBaby
”．(1)urgesb.todo/intodoingsth.催促某人做某事urgethat...(should)dosth.极力主张/强调……做某事(2)feelanurgetodosth.有强烈的欲望做某事(3)urgenta
dj.紧急的；迫切的urgencyn.紧迫；急迫；急事[佳句背诵]Inordertoimprovelearningefficiency,Iurgethatallofus(should)formthehabitofthinkingindepe
ndentlyandgoingoverlessonsintime.为了提高学习效率，我主张大家养成独立思考、及时复习功课的习惯。inspirev．启发；鼓舞；感动；激发[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(2017·江苏卷)Norphel’sinspiration(inspi
re)camefromseeingthewasteofwateroverwinter,whenitwasnotneeded.②ThebeautyoftheWestLakeinspiredalotofpoetsto__write(write)t
heirgreatpoetry.③Thespeakershowedupaninspiring(inspire)storyofloveanddeterminationthatday.④Whentheylistenedtothespeechbythearmlesspiani
st,theyallfeltinspired(inspire)．⑤InspiredbytheChinesewomen’svolleyballteam,theboyworksharderthanbefore.[能力提升]——完成
句子⑥我感谢那些鼓励我前进并给予我支持的人。Mythanksshouldgotothoseinspiring__me__to__go__aheadandgivingmesupportaswell.(1)in
spiresb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事(2)inspirationn.灵感(3)inspiredadj.受……影响的inspiringadj.鼓舞人心的，激励人的[佳句背诵]①Cathyhasinspired
uswithherwillandenthusiasm.凯茜用她的意志力和热情激励了我们。(天津卷)②Thelittleproblemsthatwemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.在日常生活中我
们遇到的小问题可能是伟大发明的灵感来源。(2017·北京卷)assumev．假设，假定；认为；承担[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Whereunemploymentandcrimeratesarehigh,itcanbe__assumed(assume)th
atthelatterisduetotheformer.②(2018·江苏卷)Trytounderstandwhat’sactuallyhappeninginsteadofactingontheassumption(ass
ume)you’vemade.[能力提升]——词汇升级③(普通表达)IfIamchosentobeavolunteeratBeijingWinterOlympicGames,Iwillservethepeopleheartandsoul.(高级
表达)Assuming__(that)IamchosentobeavolunteeratBeijingWinterOlympicGames,Iwillservethepeopleheartandsoul.(1)assumethat...假定，认为……assu
me...tobe...认为……是……；假定……是……(2)assuming(that)假定……(作状语)(3)assumptionn.假定；假设[佳句背诵]Itisgenerallyassumedthatstressiscausedbytoomuchwork.普遍认为，压力是工作过重所致
。[词块助记]assumetheworst做最坏的假设assumeresponsibility承担责任adaptv．(使)适应；改编[基础练习]——单句语法填空①a.Themoviethathadbeenadaptedforchildrenwasadaptedfromanovel.b．(江西
卷)Toallofyou,freshstudents,howtoadaptyourselvestothenewenvironmentisthefirstthingthatyouhavetoface.②a.Ihold
thefirmbeliefthatshewilldealwiththechangesverywell,becausesheisveryadaptable(adapt)．b．Mike,MaryandIhadadiscussionaboutthe
adaptation(adapt)oftheclassicliteratureyesterday.[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级③(普通表达)Theculturemade__it__difficult__fo
r__him__to__adapt__to(使得他很难适应)thenewenvironmentabroad.④(高级表达)It__was__the__culture__that__made__it__difficult__for__him
__to__adapt__to__the__new__environment__abroad.(强调句)(1)adaptto适应adaptoneselfto(＝adjustoneselfto)使自己适应……(2)adapt...from...根据……改编
……adapt...for...改编……为……用(3)adaptableadj.有适应能力的；可修改的adaptationn.适应；改编；改写本[名师点津]比较adapt和adoptapt适当的→adapt[根义](使)适合→[多义]①使适应②改编，改写opt
选择→adopt[根义]选取→[多义]①采用②收养，领养layoff裁员；解雇；停止[基础练习]——单句语法填空①It’stimetolayasideourdifferencesandworktogetherforasharedpurpose.②Themeetinghasbegun.Plea
selaydownyourpensandlistentothespeakercarefully.③Thegirlmanagedtopersuadeherfathertolayoffsmoking(smoke)intheend.layoffsth.停止使用某物layoffdoings
th.停止做某事laydown放下；中断(工作)layaside把……放在一边；储存(某物)待用asidefrom除……之外(还有)[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Aside/Apartfrombeingfunandgoo
dexercise,swimmingisaveryusefulskill.②Inadditiontomaking(make)art,hesoldit,notonlydealinghisownworkbutthatofotherart
ists.③Heoftengoestoseehisparentsexceptwhenheisverybusy.④It’stooexpensive.Besides,__Idon’tlikeitscolour.⑤ShecanspeakFre
nchandJapaneseinadditiontoEnglish.⑥Thegirlsaidthatthefilmwasverygoodexceptforitsmusic.[能力提升]——完成句子⑦除了最
后一题外，所有题目我都可以解答。Icananswerallthequestionsexcept__the__last__one.⑧除了几处语法错误外，你的作文写得很好。Yourwritingisgoodexcept__for__a__few__grammar__mistake
s.asidefrom相当于apartfrom，类似意义的表达方式还有：(1)besidesinadditionto除……之外(还有)(2)exceptexceptforexcept＋从句除…
…之外(没有)[名师点津](1)inadditionto除……之外(还有)，是介词短语，后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语；inaddition另外，是副词短语，后面常用逗号与句子的其他成分隔开。(2)exceptfor表示“除……之外(没有)”，指
对某种基本情况进行具体的细节方面的修正。它同except的区别是：exceptfor后接的词同句子中的整体词(主语)不是同类的，指从整体中除去一个细节，一个方面；而except后接的词同整体词(主语)一般是同类，指在同类的整体中除去
一个部分。setoff动身，出发；启程；引爆(炸弹等)；燃放(烟火等)；引发[一词多义]——写出下列句中setoff的含义①(安徽卷)Traditionally,collegestudentsholdagraduationceremonytoencour
agethemselvesbeforetheysetoffontheirlifejourney.出发②Dobecarefulwiththefireworks;theslightestsparkcouldsetthemoff.使爆炸③Hisrudereplysetoffabadfee
lingofmeandIleftwithoutsayinganything.引起[能力提升]——完成句子④(福建卷)你最好每天抽出一些时间运动，以便能够保持精力充沛。Youhadbetterset__aside__some__timeeverydayforsportssotha
tyoucankeepyourselfenergetic.setoutforsp.出发去某地setouttodosth.＝setaboutdoingsth.开始做某事setaside存储；留出setup建立；创立setdown放下；记下
；登记[佳句背诵]Armedwiththeinformationyouhavegathered,youcansetaboutpreparing/setouttoprepareyourbusinessplan.有这些你收集的信息，你可以着手准备你的商业计划了。(浙江卷)be/
getaccustomedto习惯于，有……习惯[基础练习]——单句语法填空①KnowingthatyouarenotaccustomedtothelifehereandareconsideringreturningtoAmer
ica,Ifeelveryupset.②Forthoseaccustomed(accustom)toacomfortablelife,thechangetoremoteareasmusthavebeenveryhardindeed.[能力提升]——一句多译这位老人习惯
于住在农村，他发现很难适应城市的生活。③Theoldmanis__accustomed__to__living__in__the__countryside,__andhefindsithardtoada
pttothelifeinthecity.④Accustomed__to__living__in__the__countryside,__theoldmanfindsithardtoadapttothe
lifeinthecity.(分词作状语)⑤Having__accustomed__himself__to__living__in__the__countryside,__theoldmanfindsithardtoadapttot
helifeinthecity.(分词作状语)(1)beaccustomedto(doing)sth.习惯于(做)某事(表示状态)get/becomeaccustomedto(doing)sth.习惯于(做)某事(表示动作)(2)accustomvt.使习惯于ac
customsb./oneselfto(doing)sth.使某人/自己习惯于(做)某事[佳句背诵]Hequicklyaccustomedhimselftothestrongacademicatmosphereandcolorfu
lactivitiesinthecollege.他很快适应了大学里的浓厚的学术氛围和丰富多彩的活动。[联想发散]to为介词的短语：①be__addicted__to；②get__used__to；③get__accustomed__toItwas(high)time(t
hat)sb.did/shoulddosth.(教材P36)IdecidedthatitwastimeIbecameanInternetuser.我觉得该是我成为因特网用户的时候了。[基础练习]——单句语法填空/完成句子①
a.(2018·天津卷)Itisthefirsttimethatsuchalargeroboticscompetitionhas__been__held(hold)inourcity.b．Hetoldu
sthatitwasthefirsttimethathehad__come(come)lateforsuchanimportantmeeting.②我第一次离开祖国去美国，不能很快适应新的环境。Icouldn’tadjus
ttothenewsurroundingsquicklythe__first__time__I__left__my__motherland__for__America．[能力提升]——一句多译是我们该投身于环境保护和生态发展的时候了。③It’s__
time__for__us__to__devote__ourselves__toenvironmentalprotectionandecologicalimprovement.(简单句)④It’s__high__time__that__we__devot
ed/should__devote__ourselves__toenvironmentalprotectionandecologicalimprovement.(复合句)(1)Itis(high)timethatsb.did/shoulddosth.到了某人该做某事的时候了(2)Itistim
eforsth.到了做某事的时间了Itistime(forsb.)todosth.到了(某人)做某事的时候了(3)It/This/Thatis/wasthe＋...time＋(that)从句，意思是“这是第……次做某事”，其中t
hat引导定语从句，在口语中常省略。主句使用is，定语从句使用现在完成时；主句用was，定语从句用过去完成时。(4)thefirsttime＋从句表示“第一次……”(引导时间状语从句)。[佳句背诵]Itistenyears
sincehegotawayfromhishometown.Andthisisthefirsttime(that)hehasreturnedtohishometown.他离开家乡已有十年，这是他第一次回乡。wish后的宾语从句常用虚拟语气(教材P40)I
supposeIwasabitlazyandnowIwishI’ddonemorework,especiallyinmaths.我想我当时有点懒，现在我真希望当时能多做些努力，特别是在数学方面。[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(2018·江苏卷)Thereisagoo
dsociallifeinthevillage,andIwishIhad(have)asecondchancetobecomemoreinvolved.②(天津卷)IwishIhad__been(have)atmysister’sweddinglastTuesday,butIwason
abusinesstripinNewYorkthen.③(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Iwishto__have(have)achainofcafesinmanydifferentcities.[能力提升]——完成句子
④我真希望在将来我能有更好的学习机会。IwishthatIwould__have__a__better__chancetolearninthefuture.wish后跟宾语从句时，从句一般使用虚拟语气，从句中的谓语形式如下：(1)did/were(表示与现在事实相反的愿望)(2)h
addone/been(表示与过去事实相反的愿望)(3)would/could/might＋动词原形(表示与将来事实相反的愿望)[名师点津]wish还可用于以下结构：wishtodosth.希望做某事；wishsb.todosth.希望某人做某事；wishforsth.希望得到某
物；wishsb.＋n./adj.祝愿某人……维度一在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式1．(2018·江苏卷)Today,scholarshavegeneratedlargeamountsofinstructive(instruc
t)researchaboutrestaurants.2．(2018·北京卷)Ordinarysoap,usedcorrectly(correct),candealwithbacteriaeffectively.3．Whatcanwedotourgethelazychil
drento__work(work)hardatschool?4．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Studentsshouldreadthelistwiththeirparents,andselect(selection)twoactivitiestheywouldliketodo.5．Itw
asthefirsttimethatIhad__visited(visit)acityfarawayfrommyhometown.维度二在空白处填入1个适当的单词1．Helovesthesecurityofahappyhomel
ife.2．Thefilmadaptedfromarealpersonisverypopularwithyoungpeople.3．Ishouldsayyoursecretaryislackinginresponsibility.4
．Medicineshouldnotbekeptwhereitisaccessibletochildren.5．AsidefromthatIhadtopayforalotofgasandotherthi
ngs,likeaphonebillandfood.维度三语境品词(写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义)1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Havingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetosnack(吃点心)bet
weenmealsandwillimprovethetasteofyourfood.However,becarefulnottogotoextremes.强烈的欲望；冲动2．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)AstheKennedyCenter’sartist
icadviserforjazz,Moranhopestowidentheaudienceforjazz,makethemusicmoreaccessible,andpreserveitshistoryandculture.可进入的，可使用的3．Tom,thetop
studentofourclass,thinksstudyingisaveryworthwhilework.值得做的4．(2019·天津卷)TherewasnotonenightthatIdon’tremembermom
readingmeastorybookbymybedside.Iwasextremelyinspiredbytheelegantwaythewordssounded.鼓舞；启发5．Heistooyoungtodi
stinguishbetweenrightandwrong,andneedsyourguidance.辨别；区分6．Toallofyou,freshstudents,howtoadaptyourselvestothenewenvironmentist
hefirstthingthatyouhavetoface.适应提能一语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)Aftergraduationfromcollege,heselected1.to__teach(teach)inaschoolint
hecountrysidewhichwaslackinginteachingfacilities.Hewishedmorechildrencouldhaveaccess2.toeducation.FromMondaytoFriday,he3.was_
_buried(bury)inteaching,4.reflecting(reflect)onhowtoteachthemwell.Hewasalwaysinspiredatweekendswhen5.urging(urge)parentstosendtheirchildrentoschooli
nperson.Oneday,hefound6.itworthwhiletocreateawebpagetolinkthosewithmanybookstohisstudents.Theplanheputforwardgotthe7.approval(approv
e)oftheschool.Itishightime8.thathesetupthewebpageforhisstudents.Hehasacquiredagoodreputationforhishardwork.Inother9.words
(word),heisateacherworthyto10.be__respected(respect)．提能二话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)①升入大学后，我要做些改变以尽快
适应新环境。AfterIentercollege,Imustmake__some__changes__to__get__accustomed__tothenewenvironmentas__soon__as__possible．②我希望在学习方法方面得到老师
们的指导；我会遵守学校的制度，埋头学习。Iexpectthattheteacherswillinstruct__me__in__my__way__of__learning.Iwillobey__the__rulesandIwillbe__buried__in__s
tudying__my__lessons．③我会经常在课堂上提出自己的见解。Iwilloftenput__forward__my__suggestionsinclass.④我要做个好学生，希望将来取得杰出的成就。Iwillbeanexcellentstudentin__order__to__
get__outstanding__achievements．2．升级平淡句⑤用省略句升级句①After__entering__college,__I__must__make__some__changes__to__get__ac
customed__to__the__new__environment__as__soon__as__possible.3．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：and,inconclusion)______________
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_________________________________________________________Onepossibleversion：Afterenteringcollege,Imustmak
esomechangestogetaccustomedtothenewenvironmentassoonaspossibleandIexpectthattheteacherswillinstructme
inmywayoflearning.IwillobeytherulesandIwillbeburiedinstudyingmylessons.Iwilloftenputforwardmysuggestionsinclass.Inconclusion,Iwillbeanexcellentstude
ntinordertogetoutstandingachievements.课时练12篇阅读＋1篇完形Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·辽宁五校模拟)Whilethestartofanewschoolyearisalwaysexciting,thisyearwasevenmores
oforsomeelementaryschoolstudentsinAuckland,NewZealand.Theybecametheworld’sfirstkidstobe“taught”byadigitalteacher.Beforeyoustartimag
iningahumanlikerobotwalkingaroundtheclassroom,Willisjustanavatar(化身)thatappearsonthestudents’desktops,orsmartphonescreens,whenorderedtocom
e.Theautonomousanimation(动画制作)platformhasbeenmodeledafterthehumanbrainandnervoussystem,allowingittoshowhumanlikebehavior.Thedigitalteacherisassig
nedtoteach“Besustainablewithenergy”—afreeprogramforAucklandelementaryschools.Justlikethehumansitreplaced,Willisabletoins
tantlyreacttothestudents’responsestothetopic.Thankstoawebcamandmicrophone,theavatarnotonlyrespondstoquestionsthekidsmayh
ave,butalsopicksupnonverbalcues(暗示).Forinstance,ifastudentsmilesatWill,herespondsbysmilingback.Thistwowayinteractionnot
onlyhelpsattractthestudents’attention,butalsoallowstheprogram’sdeveloperstomonitortheirinvolvement,andmakechangesifneeded.NikhilRavishankarbeli
evesthatWilllikeavatarscouldbeanovelwaytocatchtheattentionofthenextgeneration.Hesays,“Ihavealotofhopeinthiste
chnologyasameanstodelivercosteffective,rich,educationalexperienceinthefuture.”Theprogram,inplacesinceAugust2018,hasbeenagreatsuccessthusfa
r.Ravishankarsays,“WhatwasfascinatingtomewasthereactionofthechildrentoWill.Thewaytheylookattheworldissocreativeanddif
ferent,andWillreallycapturedtheirattention.”However,regardlessofhowpopularitbecomes,Willisunlikelytoreplacehumaneducatorsanytimesoon.
【解题导语】新西兰奥克兰的一些小学生成为世界上第一批由数字化老师“教”的孩子。数字化老师Will能和学生积极互动，吸引学生的注意力。1．Whatwasspecialforsomeelementaryschoolstudent
sinAuckland?A．Adigitalteachertaughtthem.B．Theyfirstsawsomethingdigital.C．Thiswasthestartofanewschoolyear.D．Theycouldgetclosetosmartphonescreens.A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Theybecametheworld’sfirstkidstobe‘taught’byadigitalteacher.”可知，他们成为世界上第一批由数字化老师“教”的孩子。由此可知，对奥克
兰的一些小学生来说其特别之处在于有一位数字化老师“教”他们。故选A。2．Whatisthebenefitofthistwowayinteraction?A．Itcansmileback.B．Itcanuseamicropho
ne.C．Itcantalkanytopicforfree.D．Itcanchangeifnecessary.D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Thistwowayinteractionnotonlyhelp
sattractthestudents’attention...andmakechangesifneeded.”可知，这种双向的互动不仅有助于吸引学生的注意力，还允许该程序的开发人员监视他们的参与度，并在需要时做出改变。由此可知，这种双向互动的好处
就在于其可以在必要的情况下适时进行改变。故选D。3．What’stheauthor’sattitudetoWill’sreplacinghumaneducatorssoon?A．Optimistic.B．Doubtful.C．Unclear.D．Dis
approving.D解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段最后一句“However,regardlessofhowpopularitbecomes,Willisunlikelytoreplacehumaneducatorsanytimesoon
.”可知，作者认为无论它变得多么受欢迎，Will都不太可能在短期内取代人类教育工作者。由此可推知，D项符合题意。4．Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．NewHightechContributestoEducationB．T
heWorld’sFirstDigitalTeacherAppearsintheClassroomC．TheWorld’sFirstDigitalTeacher,aHelptoStudentsD．NewZealandWillR
eplaceTeachersintheClassroomB解析：标题归纳题。本文为新闻报道类文章，第一段交代了文章的中心，即世界上第一个数字化老师走进课堂“教”孩子们，然后文章后面的段落围绕这个中心，交代了具体的上课内容、交流方式及对这种授
课方式的看法。故B项最适合作本文标题。B(2020·惠州第二次调研)Irealizedsomethingthismorning.Ihavebeenwritingnowfor34years.ItallstartedwhenIwasjust18yearsold.AsaboyIhadre
adliterallyhundredsofbooks.Ihadathirstforknowledgethatseeminglycouldneverfade.ThensuddenlyIfoundIhadsomethingIwantedtoshare.Itriedtoignoreit,butas
anywritertellsyouoncetheideasawakeninsideofyoutheywon’tleaveyoualoneuntilyouwritethemdown.Ididn’thaveacomputer,wordprocesso
r,orevenatypewriter.Still,Igrabbedapenandlinednotebookpaperandwroteeverythingthatwasburninginsideofme.WhenIwasdoneIdidn’tknowhowtoshareit
.TherewasnoInternetbackthen,nosmartphones,andnosocialmedia.Isoughtouttheeditorofmylocalcountynewspaperan
daskedhimtoprintwhatIhadwritten.Hewasagoodmanfullofbothwisdomandkindness.Henotonlyprintedmyfirststorybutagreedtopublishanythin
gelseIwaswillingtowrite.Icontinuedtowritenewarticleseachweekandsharedthemfirstwithotherlocalpapersand
lateronlineaswell.YearslaterattheurgingofmyreadersIevenselfpublishedtwocollectionsofmystoriesinbookform.T
hroughmywritingIslowlybecamemorethanIwas.InmywritingsIencounteredmyhighestself.InmywritingsIdiscoveredthegoodnessandlightthatlieinusall.Inmywritin
gsIfoundgreatloveandjoyandencouragedotherstochooseloveandjoyaswell.Ialsofoundthatweallarewriterswhetherweputpent
opaperornot.Witheverychoicewemake,witheverythoughtwehold,andwitheverythingwedo,wearewritingourownlife
story.LanceWubbelsoncewrote：“Ihopeyourealizeyourlifeistrulyyourlife.Itbelongstoyou.Itisyourstorytowritewithlove.Day
byday,linebyline,writeitwell.”【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己从热爱阅读到成为一名作家的经历。从这个过程中，作者认识到了写作的意义，并感悟到人生就像写作，每个人都要用心书写自己的人生故事。5．Asaboy,whenth
eauthorfoundhehadsomethingtoshare,________．A．hewroteitdownB．heignoreditC．heshareditonsocialmediaD．hetoldittoawr
iterA解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“ThensuddenlyIfoundIhadsomethingIwantedtoshare.Itriedtoignoreit...wroteeverythingthatwasburninginsideofme.”可知，作
者一开始想忽略内心的想法，但是后来还是写了下来。故选A。6．Howdidtheauthorbeginhiswritingcareer?A．Hewashiredasanewspapereditor.B．Heputhisstoriesonlinebyh
imself.C．Heselfpublishedtwobooks.D．Hewashelpedbyalocalnewspapereditor.D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Isoughtouttheeditorofmylocalcou
ntynewspaperandaskedhimtoprintwhatIhadwritten.”及“HenotonlyprintedmyfirststorybutagreedtopublishanythingelseIwaswillingtowrit
e.”可知，作者是在当地报纸的一位编辑的帮助下开始了自己的写作事业。故选D。7．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofwriting?A．Writingtakespracticeandefforts.B．Writingcanbenefitoneselfan
dothers.C．Writinghelpspeopletellrightfromwrong.D．Onlywithapencanonewritehislifestory.B解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Inmywritin
gsIencounteredmyhighestself.InmywritingsIdiscoveredthegoodnessandlightthatlieinusall.InmywritingsIfoundgreatlo
veandjoyandencouragedotherstochooseloveandjoyaswell.”可知，作者在自己的作品中，遇到了最好的自己，发现了所有的人身上都有的善良和光明，还找到了伟大的爱和欢乐，并鼓励别人也选择爱和欢乐。由此可推知
，作者认为写作利己利人。故选B。8．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．AWaytoBeaWriterB．AWaytoShareIdeasC．LivingIsWritingD．Wr
itingIstheSourceofLoveC解析：标题归纳题。从全文的内容可知，作者讲述了自己从热爱阅读到成为一名作家的经历；再结合最后一段，作者引用了LanceWubbels的名言表达自己对写作的
感悟可知，从这个过程中，作者认识到写作的意义，并感悟到人生就像写作，每个人都要用心书写自己的人生故事。故选C。Ⅱ.完形填空(2020·洛阳、许昌质检)Myleastfavoritepartwasparticipatinginsportmeets,fo
rIlovedrunningbymyself.Whenfacedwithrunningagainstfellowathletes,Iwas__1__.Ihadbutterfliesinmystomachandthesuddenurgetogotothenearest__2__.Thisyear
,__3__，Iwasencouragedtojoininarunningcompetitionbymycoach.The800－metereventwasapproaching,meaningthatIwould__4__soon.Ibreatheddeeplyandtriedto__5__m
yworries.Iwalkedovertosomeofthe__6__whowouldrunwithmeandstartedto__7__withthem.Wewerealllooseningupandgettingreadytorunas__8__aspossible.Istep
peduptothelinefortheevent.Thestarterraisedhisstartinggunand__9__.Abouttwentyfiverunners__10__.Withtheserunn
ersaroundme,I__11__mycoach’swords,“Youmaybesmall,butyouhave__12__power.”So,Ikeptupwithathletestwicemy__13__.Ipickeduptherunnerins
eventhplaceandbasedmystepsonhim,makingitalittlebitfaster.Onebyone,I__14__tomakeittothetopfour,burstingaroundthelap.Itwasth
elastlapbeforethefinalstraightaway.I__15__Ihadthepossibilitytowin.SoIwidenedmysteps,speedingupmy__16__.Icaughtupwiththerunne
rinfirstplaceandweransidebysidedownthelast100meters—I__17__himbyahairatthefinishingline.Mycoachgavemea__18__hugasIheadedbacktoseehim.H
ewas__19__becauseIhadshortenedmyoriginal__20__bytwelvesecondsatleast.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。“我”以前喜欢一个人跑步，最不爱参加运动会，但是今年“我”努力尝试，参加了跑步比赛。1．A.shockedB．nervous
C．comfortableD．braveB解析：根据上文中的“forIlovedrunningbymyself”以及空后的“Ihadbutterfliesinmystomach”可知，当“我”与运动员同伴赛跑时，“我”很紧张。2．A.stadiumB．
hospitalC．bathroomD．stationC解析：根据该句中的“Ihadbutterfliesinmystomach”并结合选项和常识可推知，“我”和其他人一起跑步很紧张，会突然急切地想去最近的洗手间。
3．A.howeverB．insteadC．otherwiseD．moreoverA解析：空处所在句表示今年教练鼓励“我”去参加跑步比赛，与上文内容形成转折，所以用however“然而”。4．A.delayB．failC．escapeD．competeD解
析：根据空前的“The800metereventwasapproaching”可知，“我”很快将参加800米比赛。5．A.ignoreB．increaseC．formD．imagineA解析：根据语境可知，“我”深呼吸并试图忽略自己的担忧。6．A.reportersB．judgesC．ru
nnersD．coachesC解析：根据语境和空后的“whowouldrunwithme”可知，“我”走向一些将和“我”一起跑步的跑步者，开始和他们一起热身(warmup)。7．A.watchoutB．turnbackC．getawayD．warmupD解析：参
见上题解析。8．A.smoothlyB．rapidlyC．calmlyD．patientlyB解析：根据空前的“Wewereall...torun”并结合常识可知，“我们”都准备好尽可能快地奔跑。9．A.returnedB．withdrewC．sc
reamedD．firedD解析：根据语境可知，发令员举起发令枪并开枪(示意起跑)。10．A.tookoffB．setdownC．lookedonD．wentaboutA解析：根据上文可知，发令员开枪示意起跑，大约25名赛跑者出发。11．A
.challengedB．recalledC．forgotD．adaptedB解析：根据语境可知，被这些赛跑者包围，“我”想起了教练的话。12．A.exactB．greatC．practicalD．suitableB解析：根据空前的“Youmaybesmal
l”“but”并结合语境可知，此处表示你或许弱小，但你拥有巨大的力量。13．A.pressureB．salaryC．sizeD．ageC解析：根据语境并结合选项可知，“我”与两倍于自己体格的运动员齐头并进。14．A.offeredB．pre
tendedC．regrettedD．managedD解析：根据空后的“makeittothetopfour”可知，“我”设法跑进了前四。15．A.claimedB．heardC．supposedD．rememberedC解析：
根据上文中的“thelastlap”可知，“我”认为自己有获胜的可能。16．A.speechB．mindC．fightD．paceD解析：根据空前的“SoIwidenedmysteps”可知，“我”跨大步子，加快了速度。17．A.bea
tB．pushedC．draggedD．followedA解析：根据语境可知，“我”追上了第一名，并和他肩并肩跑完了最后的100米，在终点线以微弱的优势赢了他。18．A.softB．cautiousC．firmD．slightC解析：根据上文内容可知，“我”在赛跑中取得了第
一名，当“我”回去看教练时，教练给了“我”一个坚实的拥抱。19．A.excitedB．disappointedC．relaxedD．depressedA解析：根据语境可知，教练很兴奋，因为“我”比自己原先的(跑步)时间
(time)至少缩短了12秒。20．A.distanceB．timeC．lapD．stepB解析：参见上题解析。课时练22篇阅读＋1篇读后续写Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·佛山高三质检)Whileanentiremonthfreeofhomeworkortestsmaysoundtoog
oodtobetrue,thatisexactlywhatthestudentsatSturenskolanSchoolinBoden,SwedenweretreatedtoinApril.What’smore,iftheresultsoftheexp
erimentproveencouraging,starting2019,themiddleschoolerswillneverhavetoworryaboutafterschoolworkortests,asidefromthenationale
xaminations,whicharecompulsiveforstudentsacrossthecountry.Theschool’sprincipal,PetronellaSirkka,whocameupwiththeidea,said,“Weareconstantlyrece
ivingnewreportsthatourchildrenfeelbad.Andthat’sbecausetheyhaveahighlevelofstressallthetime.Thisisourwayoftryingtoreducet
hatstress.”Theeducatorsaysthatwhilebanninghomeworkandtestssoundsradical(激进的),itmakessensegiventhechangesinthecurriculumandapproach
estoeducation.Whileinthepaststudentswereprimarilysubjectedtomemorizingfacts,learningtodayisallaboutrefle
ctionandanalysis.Asaresult,itisoftenharderforkids,especiallythosewithlittlesupportathome,tocomprehendthematerialbyth
emselves.Sirkkaisnottheonlyonewhobelievesafterschoolworkdoesnothelpstudentslearn.InMarch2018,anotherprincipalinCanadaalsodecidedto
doawaywithhomework.Theyhopeparentswillspendtheextratimereadingtotheirkids.Whilethelongtermimpactoftherecentdecisionsmadebythetwoed
ucatorsremainstobeseen,theexperimenthasalreadyprovedsuccessfulinFinlandwhichhasdoneawaywithhomework,grades,andeventeachingbysubjectsformanyyears.Yet
,FinnishstudentsalwaysrankhighinthePISA(ProgrammeforInternationalStudentAssessment)testsespeciallyinmathandsciencebuttheyhavetheleasthomew
ork!Hopefully,itwillonlybeamatteroftimebeforeUSeducatorsfollowtheirleadandbanafterschoolworkaswell!【解题导语
】本文是一篇说明文。瑞典一所学校在四月份取消了学生的家庭作业和考试，这是该校校长PetronellaSirkka看到学生作业负担太重而提出的举措，且芬兰采取的类似做法已获成功。1．ThestudentsatSturenskolanSchoolhadnohomeworkinAprilbecau
se________．A．theheadmasterwasexperimentingwithherideaB．theyneededtodosomeexperimentsduringthemonthC．theywerebusypreparingforthenational
examinationsD．theheadmasterhadtocarryoutthegovernment’spolicyA解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“Theschool’sprincipal,PetronellaSirkka,whocameupwiththeidea”
，并结合第一段的内容可知，Sturenskolan学校的学生们在四月份没有家庭作业和考试是该校校长提出的想法，故A项正确。2．Whatmakeschildren’slearninghardnowada
ys?A．Childrenhavetodomoreanalyzing.B．Theapproachtoeducationiscomplex.C．Childrengetnosupportathomeandschoo
l.D．Therearemanymorefactstomemorize.A解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句“Whileinthepaststudentswereprimarilysubjectedtomemorizingfacts,learningtodayisallaboutref
lectionandanalysis.Asaresult,itisoftenharderforkids,especiallythosewithlittlesupportathome,tocomprehendthematerialbythemselves.”可知，在
过去，学生主要是被要求记住事实，而如今学生需要的是反思和分析。因此，孩子们往往很难自己理解这些材料。据此可知，反思和分析让孩子们的学习更加困难。故A项正确。3．WhatdoesPetronellaSirkkamostlikelyadv
iseparentstodo?A．Helpchildrenwiththeirhomework.B．Freechildrenfromafterschoolhousework.C．Spendmoretimereadingtotheirchildren.D．Communicate
withteachersfromtimetotime.C解析：推理判断题。根据第四段尾句“Theyhopeparentswillspendtheextratimereadingtotheirkids.”可推知，PetronellaSi
rkka很可能会建议父母花些时间为他们的孩子们阅读，故C项正确。4．WhatcanweinferaboutthestudentsinFinland?A．Theystudythehardestatschool.B．Theyhaveamorerelaxings
choollife.C．Theyenjoygreatsuccessaftergraduation.D．Theyallhaveatalentformathandscience.B解析：推理判断题。根据尾段第一句中的“
theexperimenthasalreadyprovedsuccessfulinFinlandwhichhasdoneawaywithhomework,grades,andeventeachingbysubjectsformanyyears”可知，多年
来，芬兰已经取消了家庭作业、成绩等级，甚至科目教学。据此可推知，芬兰学生的学校生活更加轻松，故B项正确。B(2020·陕西部分学校摸底)Abiologistoncecriticizedforstealingeggsfrom
thenestsoftherarestbirdintheworldhasbeenawardedthe“NobelPrize”ofconservationafterhismethodssavedninespeciesfromextinction.Professo
rCarlJoneswonthe2016IndianapolisPrize—thehighestaccoladeinthefieldofanimalconservation—forhis40yearsofworkinMauritius,wherehesavedanen
dangeredkestrel(红隼)frombecomingthenextGreatAuk.Whenthe65yearoldfirsttravelledtotheeastAfricanislandinthe1970s,hewastoldtoclosedownaprojectto
savetheMauritiuskestrel.Atthetimetherewerejustfourleftinthewild,makingittherarestbirdonEarth.However,hestayed,usingthetechniq
uesofcaptivebreeding(人工繁殖),whichinvolvedsnatchingeggsfromthebirds’nestsandhatchingthemunderincubators(孵化器),promptingthemotherstolayano
thersetofeggsinthewild.Adecadelater,thenumberofMauritiuskestrelshadsoaredtoover300andtodaytherearearound400inthewild.Thebiologisthasalsomad
eanefforttobringotherrarespeciesbackfromtheedgeofextinction,includingthepinkpigeon,echoparakeetandRodrigueswarbler.Prof.Joneswasawardedthe$2
50，000prizeataceremonyinLondon.“Asayoungmaninmy20s,Icertainlydidn’tenjoythestressandthetensionofthecriticismIreceive
d.”Reflectingonthestartofhiscareer,hesaidtheMauritiuskestrelprojecthadbeenseenasa“deadloss”atthetime.Inthe1970stherewasfierceoppositiontothecapt
ivebreedingtechniques,withcriticsarguingthattheyweretooriskyandtooktheemphasisoffbreedinginthewild.Prof.
Joneshasdevotedhiswholelifetohiswork,onlybecomingafatherforthefirsttimeat53.Hesaidreceivingtheprizewasparti
cularlyimportanttohim,becauseitprovedthathisworktosavebirdswasright.【解题导语】卡尔·琼斯教授因偷稀缺鸟类的蛋而被指责，后来在动物保护领域被授予诺贝
尔奖，他用自己的方法挽救了九种濒危物种。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“accolade”meaninParagraph2?A．Return.B．Level.C．Honor.D．Research.C解析
：词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“wonthe2016IndianapolisPrize”并结合语境可推知，画线词意为“荣誉”。故选C项。6．Accordingtothepassage,GreatAukis________．A．anendangeredbirdB．anextinctbirdC．a
popularbirdD．afiercebirdB解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“hesavedanendangeredkestrel(红隼)frombecomingthenextGreatAuk”可推知，GreatAuk是一种已灭绝的鸟。故选B项。7．Whatca
nweknowfromthefiguresinParagraph4?A．Takingeggsfromthenestshasworkedwell.B．Thewildenvironmentforkestrelhaschangedal
ot.C．Kestrelhasadaptedtothelifeinthewild.D．It’sdifficulttoprotectkestrel.A解析：推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句以及第四段第一句“Adecadelater,thenumberofMauritiuskestrel
shadsoaredtoover300andtodaytherearearound400inthewild.”可知，当时野生毛里求斯红隼只剩4只，琼斯教授采用人工繁殖的方法来救助毛里求斯红隼，10年后，毛里求斯
红隼的数量飙升到300多只，如今野生红隼约有400只。由此可推知，从鸟巢中拿出鸟蛋的方法效果很好。故选A项。8．Prof.Jones’ideaoftakingeggsfromthebirds’nests________.A．w
asprovedofnouseB．waswidelyacceptedC．waspromotedofficiallyD．wascriticizedbysomepeopleD解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“deadloss”“Inthe1970
stherewasfierceoppositiontothecaptivebreedingtechniques...inthewild.”可知，琼斯教授从鸟巢中拿出鸟蛋来进行人工繁殖的方法受到了一些人的批评。故选D项。Ⅱ.读后续写阅读下
面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Atornado(龙卷风)hitasmalltownnearby,leavingmanyfamiliescompletelydestroyed.Afterwardal
lthelocalnewspaperscarriedmanyhumanintereststoriesfeaturingsomeofthefamilieswhosufferedthemostdifficultperiod
toappealtopeople’sattentionandassistance.OneSunday,aparticularpictureespeciallytouchedme.Ayoungwomanstoodinfrontofasimplemobilehome,adepressede
xpressiononherface.Ayoungboy,sevenoreightyearsold,stoodatherside,eyesdowncast.Hidingbehindherskirtwasatinygirl
whostaredintothecamera,wideeyeswithconfusionandfear.Thearticlethatwentwiththepicturegavetheclothingsizeofeachfamilymember.Withgrow
inginterest,Inoticedthatsizesofthefamilycloselymatchedours.Thiswouldbeagoodopportunitytoteachmysevenyearo
ldtwins,BradandBrett,andthreeyearoldMeghantohelpthoselessfortunatethanthemselves.“Wehavesomuch.Andthesepoorp
eoplenowhavenothing，”Isaid.“We’llsharewhatwehavewiththem.”Ibroughtthreelargeboxesdownfromtheroomupstairsandplacedthemontheliv
ingroomfloor.Meghanwatchedseriously,astheboysandIfilledoneoftheboxeswithcannedgoodsandfoods.WhileIsortedt
hroughourclothes,Iencouragedtheboystogothroughtheirtoysanddonatesomeoftheirlessfavoritethings.Theboyswerepleasedtojoin.Bradroseandwenttohisr
oomfast.Hecamebackbringinghisactionfiguresthatheplayedwithnotsofrequently.BrettalsojumpedupandrantofetchsomeofhisMatchboxcarsandairplanemodels.Megh
anwatchedquietlyastheboyspiledupabandonedtoys.TheboysplacedtheobjectstheyhadchosentodonateintooneoftheboxeswhileIfilledthethi
rdboxwithclothes.MeghanwalkedupwithLucy,herworn,faded,bestlovedragdollhuggedtightlytoherchest.“I’llhelpyoufindsomethingforthelittlegirl,too，”Isa
idtothelittleMeghan.Paragraph1：“Mommy,IwillgiveLucytothem，”Meghanturnedtome.______________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2：Recognizing
whatlittleMeghan’sgesturemeant,Iremovedmyoldjacketfromtheboxofclothes.______________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________Onepossibleversion：Paragraph1：“Mommy,IwillgiveLucytothem
，”Meghanturnedtome.“Oh,honey，”Isaid.“Youdon’thavetogiveLucy.Youlovehersomuch.”Meghannoddedseriously,eyesglisteningwithtears.“Lucymakesmehappy,Mommy.
Maybeshe’llmakethatlittlegirlhappy,too.”Shepausedinfrontoftheboxthatheldthetoys,pressedherroundlittlef
aceintoLucy’sflatface,gaveherafinalkiss,thenlaidhergentlyontopoftheothertoys.Theboyswatched,openmouthed,astheirbabysisterplacedherfavoritedollinthebo
x.Paragraph2：RecognizingwhatlittleMeghan’sgesturemeant,Iremovedmyoldjacketfromtheboxofclothes.Ireplaceditwiththen
ewhuntergreenjacketthatIhadboughtonsalelastweek.IbelievedtheyoungwomaninthepicturewouldlikeitandfititasmuchasIdid.Theboys
hadalsobeeninspiredbyourbehaviorandcarriedtheirbelovedthings.Weallwishedthefamilycouldpassthedifficultperiodasso
onaspossibleandthattheywouldlovethethingswegavethemwithallourheart.获得更多资源请扫码加入享学资源网微信公众号www.xiangxue100.com
