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必修第一册UNIT1LIFECHOICES(二)高考题型组合练(二)Ⅰ.阅读理解AInflammation(炎症)isthebody’sdefensemechanism.Youmighthaveexperienceditifyousustainedphysicalinjuriesorhada

ninfection，liketheflu，whichcausesasorethroat.Inflammationcanoccurinanyorgan，butitismostcommonandeasytoseeintheskin.Youwillnoticeredness，heatand

swelling.Usuallythisisagoodthing，asitshowsyouhaveahealthyimmunesystemthatcankillpathogens(病原体)andrepairdamage.Howeve

r，inflammationcanbeadouble-edgedswordasinsomepeopleitcantargetthebody’shealthycells，causingwhatiscal

ledanautoimmunedisease.Giventhisdanger，anewstudyfromCambridgeUniversity，theUK，hasbeenlookingintobrainconditionsthata

renotusuallylinkedtoautoimmunediseases.Thestudyfoundthatinflammationofthebrain—knownasneuroinflammation(神经炎症)—hasbeenlinked

toseveralformsofdementia(痴呆)．Inthisnewstudy，researchersscannedthebrainsof31volunteerswiththreediffer

enttypesofdementia.Thefirstscanwastohighlightneuroinflammation，andasecondscanilluminated(阐明)poisonousproteinsthatarelinkedwithdementia.Theteamals

oexamined12post-mortem(afterdeath)brains.Theseexperimentsshowedsimilarpatternsofpoisonousproteinbuild-upandneuroinflammation，suggestingarela

tionshipbetweeninflammationanddementia.“Evenweweresurprisedbyhowtightlythesetwoproblemsmappedontoeachother.Now，thebigquestioniswhatro

lethisneuroinflammationplaysinthedeclineofthemindassociatedwithdementia，”saidThomasCope，oneoftheauthorsofthestudy.Anotherofthestudy’

sresearchers，JamesRowe，highlightedtheimportanceoffurtherresearch.Hesaidthefrequentpresenceofinflammationinneurodegenerative(神经退化的)diseases，includin

gAlzheimer’sandParkinson’sdisease，“offershopethatimmune-basedtreatmentsmighthelpsloworpreventtheseconditions”．

1．Whyisinflammationusuallyagoodthing?A．Itcandefendourbodyagainstinfection.B．Itallowsinjuriestohealthemselves.C．I

tgiveslong-termprotectiontohealthycells.D．Itisareflectionofahealthyimmunesystem.2．WhatdidthestudyfromCambridgeU

niversityfind?A．Neuroinflammationleadstodementia.B．Increasedpoisonousproteinsinthebraincausedementia.C．Therearelink

sbetweenneuroinflammationanddementia.D．Poisonousproteinbuild-upandneuroinflammationhavedifferentpatterns.3．Wha

tisstillunknownaccordingtoThomasCope?A．Whyneuroinflammationisconnectedwithdementia.B．Howthedeclineofthemin

disassociatedwithdementia.C．Howtopreventneuroinflammationfromdevelopingintodementia.D．Towhatextentneuroinflamma

tionanddementiaarelinkedwitheachother.4．WhatcanbeinferredfromJamesRowe’swords?A．Inflammationisoneofthecau

sesofneuroinflammation.B．Immune-basedtreatmentswouldbethebestcurefordementia.C．Researchonneuroinflammationcouldhelptreatneurodegener

ativediseases.D．Furtherresearchwillfocusonmethodsofcuttingpoisonousproteinsinthebrain.BAlmosteverymonth

，anewpieceofresearchappearslinkingdietshighinprocessed“junk”foodswithobesityandpoorhealth.Itisn’tyetcleariftheyhaveacause-and-eff

ectrelationship.Butdeeperresearchisstartingtoappearfromtrialsthatcomparedietswhicharebasedoneitherextremelyprocessedfoodsorwhole

foods(天然食品)，yetarecarefullymatchedfornutrientsinallotherways.Thelinksneedinvestigatingasamatterofurgency.Iftheseprocessedfoodsreallydoca

rryessentialhealthrisks，itcouldmeanthatofficialadviceabouthealthyeatinghasbeenaimingatthewrongtargetfordecades.Inalmostallhigh-inc

omecountries，nutritionguidelinessaythekeytohealthyeatingisavoidingtoomuchfat，saltandsugar.Whilemanytypesofprocessedfoodcontainsignifican

tquantitiesofthesenot-well-thought-ofingredients，notalldo，andtherearewholefoodsthatarealsohighinsomeofthem.Re

dmeatandsomedairyproductscomewiththeirshareoffat，forinstance.Itisstillunclearifitisbettertoswitchto“healthier”low-fatversionsofprocessedfoods

，ortocookfromscratch，whatevertheingredients.Equallynotcleariswhatactiongovernmentsshouldbetaking.Somecampaignersarenowcallingforhighertaxesonfactory-

madefoods.Thatwouldbecontroversial，however，becausethesefoodsmakeupto60percentofpeople’sdietsincountriessuchastheUKandtheUS.Addi

tionally，anypriceincreaseislikelytohitlower-incomehouseholdshardest，manyofwhichconsumemoreofsuchproductsbecausepro

cessedfoodscanbecheaperthanmakingmealsfromtheiroriginalingredients，andthecostdifferenceisevengreaterifyoutakeintoaccountthetimetakentocookfroms

cratch.Ratherthantaxation，amostpracticalapproachmaybeforschoolstostartteachingpupilshowtomakequickandsimplehome-cookedmeals.Thi

sapproachwouldtakemanyyearstobearfruit，astheencroachment(侵蚀)ofprocessedfoodsintoWesterncuisinetookplaceoverdecad

es.Itisn’tgoingtobecompletelychangedovernight.5．Whatcanbelearnedaboutprocessedfoods?A．Theyaremorenutritiousthanwh

olefoods.B．Theycanhelpavoidbeingoverweightandunhealthy.C．Theyhavelessfat，saltandsugarthanwholefoods.D．Theydon’tnecessarilyc

arrysuchhighhealthrisks.6．Howdoestheauthordevelopparagraph3?A．Bygivingreasons.B．Bylistingfacts.C．Byansweringquestions.D．Byshowingastud

yresult.7．What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardshighertaxationonprocessedfoods?A．Favorable.B．Tolerant.C．Opposed.D．Carefree.8．Whatwillbethef

utureofprocessedfoods?A．Theywillstillexistinpeople’sdietsforsomeyears.B．Theywillbeover-taxed.C．Theywillbere

movedfromWesterncuisine.D．Theywillbereplacedbyhome-mademealssoon.Ⅱ.完形填空(2023·江苏南通如皋调研)Oneday，Rosie,15，whohasprofoundandmultiplelearningdi

sabilities(PMLD)foundhercurrenttoybroken.Ithad1hersincehersecondbirthday.Afteralltheattemptstofixit2，hersister，JosieWheel，decidedtogi

vesocialmediaashot.ShepostedamessageonTwitteraskingforhelptofinda3modelofthetoy.“Thetoyhadstoppedbeing4bythecompanynearlyadecadeagoandwe’re5theones

thatwork.Weneverexpectedthe6tobesohugeontheInternet，”saidthe18-year-oldfromCoventry.Shesaidmanywarm-heart

edpeopleweresodeterminedtohelpjustoutofthegoodnessoftheirheart7theyknewnothingaboutRosie.About15substituteshadsofarbeen8，butpeoplewerestillcom

ingforward.Itwould9becloserto30whichwasamazing.Peoplehadalsoofferedtofixthebrokentoysaftertheybegantobreakdueto

somuch10.“Rosiedoesn’tcompletelyunderstandeverythingthat’sgoingonbecauseofher11butwhenshereceivesallofthe

mnextmonthandcanphysicallyseethemIcanimagineher12，”LorraineWheel，thegirls’mother，13.“Josieandhersisterhavethest

rongest14andJosiehasdonemanythingsto15thatRosieisthehappiestgirlever.Icouldn’tbemoreproudofher.”1．A.humbledB．discouragedC．accompaniedD．convinced2．

A.endedB．helpedC．changedD．failed3．A.specificB．separateC．cheapD．new4．A.soldB．testedC．expectedD．assigned5．A.withdrawingfromB．huntingforC．givingupD．t

akingover6．A.problemB．differenceC．responseD．distribution7．A.ifB．onceC．becauseD．though8．A.receivedB．demandedC．promisedD

．purchased9．A.probablyB．temporarilyC．regularlyD．normally10．A.pressureB．coverageC．applauseD．usage11．A.guiltB．frustrationC．conditionD．envy12．A.

excitementB．ambitionC．proficiencyD．hesitation13．A.urgedB．guaranteedC．comfortedD．added14．A.supportB．bondC．will

D．point15．A.ensureB．imagineC．discoverD．predictⅢ.语法填空XuYuanchongwasafamousChinesetranslator，bestknownfortranslat

ingChineseancientpoemsintoEnglishandFrench.Xuwasbornin1921inNanchang，JiangxiProvince.Hismother，whowas

welleducatedandgoodatpainting，hadagreatimpactonXuinhis1.(pursue)ofbeautyandliterature.WhenstudyingatProvincialNanchangN

o.2HighSchool，heexcelledatEnglish.In1938，he2.(admit)totheDepartmentofForeignLanguages，NationalSouthwestAssociatedUniversity

，aschool3.graduateshaveplayedacentralroleinmodernChina.Atuniversity，XugaveoutstandingperformancesinEnglish，Russian，French，whileevenhosting

Shakespeareclasses，clearlyshowingagiftfortranslation.Afterhisgraduation，Xudevoted4.(him)toeducationandtranslation.HewasthefirstChinesetranslator5.(

translate)ChinesepoetryintoEnglishandFrenchverse.Healsotranslatedmany6.(masterpiece)intoChineseincludingTheRe

dandtheBlackandJean-Christophe.Inhislastdays，thehundred-year-oldscholarwasstillworkingonthetranslationofShak

espeare’scompleteworks.Sevenhoursofworkinfrontofacomputereverydayis7._______unbearabletaskforyoungadults.8.(surprising)

，this100-year-oldscholarwasneverboredwithhiswork，passionatelytypinghistranslationwordbyword，dayafterday.9.________themorningofJune1

7，XupassedawayinBeijingattheageof100.Therespectabletranslatorenjoyedalifeworth10.(remember)．