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UNIT3DIVERSECULTURESSectionAListeningandSpeaking必备知识基础练Ⅰ.单句填空1.Forslan’sobjectistogatherasgreata(diverse)ofgeneticmaterial

aspossible.答案diversity2.Iwasfortunate(have)agoodEnglishteacherinmiddleschool.答案tohave3.Itisbelievedonedaytheywill

haveenoughanimalstosetfree.答案that4.You’dbetterwritedownthekeywordswhen(take)notes.答案taking5.Doyouknowwhenexactlythefortunecookies(invent)?答案werei

nvented6.Afterseveralmonthsofvoyage,ColumbusarrivedinwascalledAmerica.答案whatⅡ.短语填空(注意动词的适当形式)diefrom,lateron,save

time,mixwith,haveaninterview,inaddition1.Atfirstthingswentverywell,butweranintorealtrouble.答案lateron2.Ifyouhavegoodstudyhabits,youca

nandeffort.答案savetime3.Mybrothertoldmethathewasgoingtosometimeintheafternoon.答案haveaninterview4.Youneedmoneyandtime;,youneeddilig

ence.答案inaddition5.InAfricancountrieseveryyear,manychildrenstarvation.答案diefrom6.Whenwatersugar,itmakesapleasant,refreshingdrink.答案mixed;withⅢ

.完成句子1.老人打开了房门,发现地上覆盖着厚厚的雪。Theoldmanopenedthedoorandfoundtheground.答案coveredwiththicksnow2.我弟弟对我正在做的事情非常

感兴趣。Mybrotherwasveryinterestedin.答案whatIwasdoing3.汤姆学习很用功,他很有可能在竞赛中获得一等奖。Tomstudiesveryhardandhecangetthe

firstprizeinthecontest.答案itislikelythat4.欧洲人到达以后,当地人遭受了很大的痛苦。ThenativepeoplesufferedgreatlytheEuropeans.答案afterthearri

valof5.我们学校在校学习的学生比这个城市的其他任何一个学校的都多。Therearemorestudentsstudyinginourschoolthaninthecity.答案anyotherschool关键能力提升练Ⅳ.

阅读理解A(2021·北京高一开学考试)RayTokuda,a54-year-oldJapaneseAmerican,isproudofthetitlehisschoolhasgivenhim.HeisaShifu,aChi

nesewordliterallymeaningamaster,mentororseniorpractionerofmartialarts.Tokudahasreasontobeproud.HehasbeeninvolvedwithChinesemartialartsforalm

ostfourdecades.AfterlearningthematthemartialartsschoolinNewMexicoState,todayheisamongthemostexperiencedkungfuteachersoftheschool.Prac

ticingmartialartstwotothreehoursandhelpingstudentsimprovetheirskillshavebecomeTokuda’sdailyroutine.Heexpectstopracticeandteachmartialartsforth

erestofhislife.“I’mstilllearning.It’sworthmorethanalifetimetolearnChinesemartialarts,”hesaid.“OnceIstarted,Ijustcouldn’tstop.Ithinkit’salsothe

magicofChineseculture.”Tokudawassenttothemartialartsschoolwhenhewas10.Hestillremembershowunwillinghewaswhenstartingout.“Myfatherha

dalwayswantedtolearnChinesemartialartsbutnevergotthechance,soheputhiskidin,”hesaid.“Iwassoafraidatthattimebecaus

eIthoughtkungfuwasallaboutfighting.”Butthingschangedafterhelearnedthatmartialartsweremorethanpunchingandkicking.“

Oneofthethingsmartialartsteachmeisovercomingadversity,”Tokudasaid.“Asalittlekid,myfirstlessonwaslike,oh,look,thisisathingthatIcangetthroughbydili

gence,perseverance(毅力)anddedication,andthatwaspricelessformylife.”LearningChinesemartialartsopenedagatewayforhimtobetterunders

tandChineseculturebecausehecouldhearalotofancientChinesekungfu-relatedstories.“ItislikeinAmerica,wherewe

hearstoriesaboutknightsinshiningarmorandKingArthurandnobledeedsdone,”hesaid.“Ifeelmartialartspreservesom

ethingofancientChinathatcan’tbefoundinbooks.Theyaresortofanoralhistory.”Tokudahasalsobeeninvitedtovariouseventsinhisho

mestatetoshowcasetraditionalChineseculture,includingthedragondanceandliondance,whichhealsolearntatthemartialartsschool.Becauseofthis,heis

nowconsideredaculturalenvoy(使者)intheeyesofthepublic.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述中国功夫让一位日裔美国人成为中国文化使者,帮助传播中国传统文化——武术。

1.Tokudadidn’twanttolearnkungfubecausehehadthoughtitwas.A.practicalB.magicalC.violentD.difficult答案C解析细节理解题。根

据文章第四段“IwassoafraidatthattimebecauseIthoughtkungfuwasallaboutfighting.”可知,那时,Tokuda以为功夫就是打斗,是暴力。故选C项。2.Fromt

hepassage,whatcanwelearnaboutTokuda?A.Helearntmartialartsfromhisfather.B.Heisthefounderofthekungfuschool.C.Helearntfrommartialartshowtodealw

ithdifficulties.D.Heisthemostexperiencedkungfuteacherofhisstate.答案C解析推理判断题。根据文章第六段“‘Oneofthethingsmartialartsteach

meisovercomingadversity,’Tokudasaid.‘Asalittlekid,myfirstlessonwaslike,oh,look,thisisathingthatIcangetthroughbydiligence,perseverance(毅力)anddedicati

on,andthatwaspricelessformylife.’”可知,Tokuda认为,武术教他的一件事就是克服逆境,从而可以推断出他从武术中学会了如何处理困难。故选C项。3.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeTokuda?A.Mode

standfriendly.B.Devotedandpersevering.C.Talentedandhumorous.D.Motivatedandconsiderate.答案B解析推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Tokudahasreasontobeproud.Hehasbeeninvol

vedwithChinesemartialartsforalmostfourdecades.”可知,Tokuda从事中国武术近40年,可以推断他的坚持;文章第三段“Practicingmartiala

rtstwotothreehoursandhelpingstudentsimprovetheirskillshavebecomeTokuda’sdailyroutine.Heexpectstopracticeandteachmartialartsfortherestofh

islife.”帮助学生提高技能已经成为Tokuda每天的例行公事,他希望在他的余生中练习和教授武术,可以推断他对自己事业的热爱与奉献。故选B项。B(2021·山东青岛高一期末)Singapore’straditionof

eatingoutinplacescalledhawkercentersisnowrecognizedbytheUnitedNationsforitsculturalimportance.Ahawkerisap

ersonwhosellsfoodorgoodsandadvertisesbyshoutingatpeoplewalkingbyonthestreet.HawkersareanimportantpartofSingaporean

culture.Open-aireatingareaswherehawkersselltheirgoodsareverypopular.Famouschefs,suchasAnthonyBourdainandGor

donRamsayhavepraisedthem.OnWednesday,theUnitedNations,culturalagency,UNESCO,addedthecity’s“hawkerculture,”toitsRepresentativeListoftheInta

ngibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity.Singaporesoughttohavehawkercultureaddedtothelistabouttwoyearsago.Nowthatithasbeenrecogniz

ed,SingaporemustprovideareporteverysixyearstoUNESCO.Thereportmustshoweffortsthecity-statehasmadetosaveandsupportitshawkerculture.“Thesecen

tersserveas‘communitydiningrooms’,wherepeoplefromdiversebackgroundsgatherandsharetheexperienceofdiningoverbreakfast,

lunchanddinner,”UNESCOsaid.Inthe1970s,Singaporecleanedupitsstreetssothecitymovedstreethawkerstoneweatingcenters.Theseareaswerepartofaneffor

ttoimprovetheisland.Now,thecentersoffermanydifferentlow-costmealsforlocalpeopleandprovideapleasingsocialsetting.The2018filmCrazyRichAsianssh

oweditsstarsenjoyingmealsatafamousnightmarket.SomesellersevenreceivedMichelinstarsfromafamousrestaurantratingsystemfortheirmealscostingonlyafewdo

llars.But,nowtheaverageageofahawkerinSingaporeis60yearsold.YoungerSingaporeansnowwanttoworkinoffices.Theyarelessinte

restedinworkinginsmallrestaurants.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了新加坡叫卖小贩文化及其存在的意义,同时还提及其目前的困境。4.WhatdoweknowabouthawkersfromParagraph2?A.Theysellgoodsinth

eopen-airarea.B.Theyarefamouschefs.C.TheyareSingaporenatives.D.Theyarepopularallovertheworld.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Open-aireatingareaswhere

hawkersselltheirgoodsareverypopular.”可知,叫卖小贩们通常会选择开放的地带卖东西。故选A项。5.WhyishawkercultureaddedtoUNESCO’slist?A.FortheeffortsSingaporehasma

de.B.ForitsimportanceinshowingSingapore’sculture.C.ForthereportSingaporeprovided.D.FortherecommendationbyU

NESCO.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第一段“Singapore’straditionofeatingoutinplacescalledhawkercentersisnowrecognizedbytheUnitedNationsforitscul

turalimportance.”可知,联合国的文化机构把新加坡的这种传统加入它的列表,是因为承认其在文化方面的重要性。故选B项。6.WhyisthefilmCrazyRichAsiansmentioned?A.Toadvertisethefilm.B.Tointroducethesta

rs.C.Toshowthepopularityofhawkercenters.D.TohelpthesellersreceiveMichelinstars.答案C解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Now,thecentersoffe

rmanydifferentlow-costmealsforlocalpeopleandprovideapleasingsocialsetting.The2018filmCrazyRichAsianssh

oweditsstarsenjoyingmealsatafamousnightmarket.”可知,本段在讲这些小贩聚集中心的好处,作者提到电影《摘金奇缘》是为了证明小贩聚集中心的受欢迎程度。故选C项。7.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabo

ut?A.Thedifficultieshawkerculturearefacing.B.Theaverageageofhawkers.C.Youngerpeoplewanttobehawkers.D.Thefutureofthehawkercul

ture.答案A解析主旨大意题。根据最后一段可知,本段主要讲述了目前小贩经济的困境。故选A项。