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UNIT3DIVERSECULTURESSectionAListeningandSpeaking必备知识基础练Ⅰ.单句填空1.Forslan’sobjectistogatherasgreata(diverse)ofgeneticmaterialaspossible.答案diversit

y2.Iwasfortunate(have)agoodEnglishteacherinmiddleschool.答案tohave3.Itisbelievedonedaytheywillhaveenoughanimalstosetfree.答案that

4.You’dbetterwritedownthekeywordswhen(take)notes.答案taking5.Doyouknowwhenexactlythefortunecookies(invent)?答案wereinvented6.Afterseveralmonthsofvoyage,

ColumbusarrivedinwascalledAmerica.答案whatⅡ.短语填空(注意动词的适当形式)diefrom,lateron,savetime,mixwith,haveaninterview,inaddition1.A

tfirstthingswentverywell,butweranintorealtrouble.答案lateron2.Ifyouhavegoodstudyhabits,youcanandeffort.答案savetime3.Mybrothertoldmethathewasgoingtosome

timeintheafternoon.答案haveaninterview4.Youneedmoneyandtime;,youneeddiligence.答案inaddition5.InAfricancountriese

veryyear,manychildrenstarvation.答案diefrom6.Whenwatersugar,itmakesapleasant,refreshingdrink.答案mixed;withⅢ.完成句子1.老人打开了房门,发现地上覆

盖着厚厚的雪。Theoldmanopenedthedoorandfoundtheground.答案coveredwiththicksnow2.我弟弟对我正在做的事情非常感兴趣。Mybrotherwasveryinterestedin.答案whatIwasdoing3.汤姆学习很用功,他

很有可能在竞赛中获得一等奖。Tomstudiesveryhardandhecangetthefirstprizeinthecontest.答案itislikelythat4.欧洲人到达以后,当地人遭受了很大的痛苦。

ThenativepeoplesufferedgreatlytheEuropeans.答案afterthearrivalof5.我们学校在校学习的学生比这个城市的其他任何一个学校的都多。Therearemorestudentsstudyinginourschooltha

ninthecity.答案anyotherschool关键能力提升练Ⅳ.阅读理解A(2021·北京高一开学考试)RayTokuda,a54-year-oldJapaneseAmerican,isproudofthetitlehisschoolhasgivenhim.H

eisaShifu,aChinesewordliterallymeaningamaster,mentororseniorpractionerofmartialarts.Tokudahasreasontobeproud.Hehasbeeninvol

vedwithChinesemartialartsforalmostfourdecades.AfterlearningthematthemartialartsschoolinNewMexicoState,todayheisamongthemostexperiencedkungf

uteachersoftheschool.PracticingmartialartstwotothreehoursandhelpingstudentsimprovetheirskillshavebecomeTokuda’sdailyrou

tine.Heexpectstopracticeandteachmartialartsfortherestofhislife.“I’mstilllearning.It’sworthmorethanalifetimetolearnChinesemartialarts,”he

said.“OnceIstarted,Ijustcouldn’tstop.Ithinkit’salsothemagicofChineseculture.”Tokudawassenttothemartialartsschoolwhenhew

as10.Hestillremembershowunwillinghewaswhenstartingout.“MyfatherhadalwayswantedtolearnChinesemartialartsbutneverg

otthechance,soheputhiskidin,”hesaid.“IwassoafraidatthattimebecauseIthoughtkungfuwasallaboutfighting.”Butthingschangedafterhelearnedthat

martialartsweremorethanpunchingandkicking.“Oneofthethingsmartialartsteachmeisovercomingadversity,”Tokudasaid.“Asalittlekid,myfirst

lessonwaslike,oh,look,thisisathingthatIcangetthroughbydiligence,perseverance(毅力)anddedication,andthatwaspricele

ssformylife.”LearningChinesemartialartsopenedagatewayforhimtobetterunderstandChineseculturebecausehecouldhearalotofancientChinesekung

fu-relatedstories.“ItislikeinAmerica,wherewehearstoriesaboutknightsinshiningarmorandKingArthurandnobledeedsdone,”hesa

id.“IfeelmartialartspreservesomethingofancientChinathatcan’tbefoundinbooks.Theyaresortofanoralhistor

y.”TokudahasalsobeeninvitedtovariouseventsinhishomestatetoshowcasetraditionalChineseculture,includingthedragondanceandliondance,whichhealsole

arntatthemartialartsschool.Becauseofthis,heisnowconsideredaculturalenvoy(使者)intheeyesofthepublic.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述中国功夫让一位日裔美国人成为中国文化使者,帮助传播中国传统文化

——武术。1.Tokudadidn’twanttolearnkungfubecausehehadthoughtitwas.A.practicalB.magicalC.violentD.difficult答案C解析细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Iwassoafraidatthattim

ebecauseIthoughtkungfuwasallaboutfighting.”可知,那时,Tokuda以为功夫就是打斗,是暴力。故选C项。2.Fromthepassage,whatcanwelearnaboutTokuda?A.Helearntmartialartsfromhis

father.B.Heisthefounderofthekungfuschool.C.Helearntfrommartialartshowtodealwithdifficulties.D.Heisthemostexperiencedkungfuteacherofhis

state.答案C解析推理判断题。根据文章第六段“‘Oneofthethingsmartialartsteachmeisovercomingadversity,’Tokudasaid.‘Asalittlekid,myfirstlessonwa

slike,oh,look,thisisathingthatIcangetthroughbydiligence,perseverance(毅力)anddedication,andthatwaspricelessformylife.’”可知,Tokuda认为,

武术教他的一件事就是克服逆境,从而可以推断出他从武术中学会了如何处理困难。故选C项。3.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeTokuda?A.Modestandfriendly.B.Devotedandperseve

ring.C.Talentedandhumorous.D.Motivatedandconsiderate.答案B解析推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Tokudahasreasontobeproud.HehasbeeninvolvedwithChinesemartialartsforalmos

tfourdecades.”可知,Tokuda从事中国武术近40年,可以推断他的坚持;文章第三段“PracticingmartialartstwotothreehoursandhelpingstudentsimprovetheirskillshavebecomeTokuda’sdailyro

utine.Heexpectstopracticeandteachmartialartsfortherestofhislife.”帮助学生提高技能已经成为Tokuda每天的例行公事,他希望在他的余生中练习和教授武术,可以推断他对自己事业的热爱与奉献。故选B项。B(2021·山

东青岛高一期末)Singapore’straditionofeatingoutinplacescalledhawkercentersisnowrecognizedbytheUnitedNationsforitsculturali

mportance.Ahawkerisapersonwhosellsfoodorgoodsandadvertisesbyshoutingatpeoplewalkingbyonthestreet.Hawkersareanimpor

tantpartofSingaporeanculture.Open-aireatingareaswherehawkersselltheirgoodsareverypopular.Famouschefs,suchasAnthonyBourdainandGordonRamsayhaveprai

sedthem.OnWednesday,theUnitedNations,culturalagency,UNESCO,addedthecity’s“hawkerculture,”toitsRepresentativeLi

stoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity.Singaporesoughttohavehawkercultureaddedtothelistabouttwoyearsago.Nowthatithasbeenrecognized,

SingaporemustprovideareporteverysixyearstoUNESCO.Thereportmustshoweffortsthecity-statehasmadetosaveandsupportitshawkerculture.“Thesecenter

sserveas‘communitydiningrooms’,wherepeoplefromdiversebackgroundsgatherandsharetheexperienceofdiningoverbreakfast,lunc

handdinner,”UNESCOsaid.Inthe1970s,Singaporecleanedupitsstreetssothecitymovedstreethawkerstoneweatingcenters.Theseareaswerepartofaneffor

ttoimprovetheisland.Now,thecentersoffermanydifferentlow-costmealsforlocalpeopleandprovideapleasingsocialsetti

ng.The2018filmCrazyRichAsiansshoweditsstarsenjoyingmealsatafamousnightmarket.SomesellersevenreceivedMichelinstarsfromafamousrestaurantratin

gsystemfortheirmealscostingonlyafewdollars.But,nowtheaverageageofahawkerinSingaporeis60yearsold.Younge

rSingaporeansnowwanttoworkinoffices.Theyarelessinterestedinworkinginsmallrestaurants.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了新加坡叫卖小贩文化及其存在的意义,同时还提及其目前的困境。4.Whatdowekn

owabouthawkersfromParagraph2?A.Theysellgoodsintheopen-airarea.B.Theyarefamouschefs.C.TheyareSingaporenat

ives.D.Theyarepopularallovertheworld.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Open-aireatingareaswherehawkersselltheirgoodsareverypopular.”可知,叫卖小贩们通常会选择开放的地带卖东西。

故选A项。5.WhyishawkercultureaddedtoUNESCO’slist?A.FortheeffortsSingaporehasmade.B.ForitsimportanceinshowingSingapore’sculture.C.Forthe

reportSingaporeprovided.D.FortherecommendationbyUNESCO.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第一段“Singapore’straditionofeatingoutinplacescalledhawkercenter

sisnowrecognizedbytheUnitedNationsforitsculturalimportance.”可知,联合国的文化机构把新加坡的这种传统加入它的列表,是因为承认其在文化方面的重要性。故选B项。6.Whyisthefil

mCrazyRichAsiansmentioned?A.Toadvertisethefilm.B.Tointroducethestars.C.Toshowthepopularityofhawkercenters.D.T

ohelpthesellersreceiveMichelinstars.答案C解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Now,thecentersoffermanydifferentlow-costmealsforloca

lpeopleandprovideapleasingsocialsetting.The2018filmCrazyRichAsiansshoweditsstarsenjoyingmealsatafamousnightm

arket.”可知,本段在讲这些小贩聚集中心的好处,作者提到电影《摘金奇缘》是为了证明小贩聚集中心的受欢迎程度。故选C项。7.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thedifficultieshawke

rculturearefacing.B.Theaverageageofhawkers.C.Youngerpeoplewanttobehawkers.D.Thefutureofthehawkerculture.答案A解析主旨大意题。根据最后一段可知,本段主要讲

述了目前小贩经济的困境。故选A项。