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1SectionAListeningandSpeaking&ReadingandThinking必备知识基础练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Thecompetitionisopentobothteamsand(individual).

2.Her(puzzle)lookonherfacesuggestedshedidn’tunderstandwhatIsaid.3.Uniformshelptheschoollooksmart.Thestudentsfeeltha

ttheybelongaparticulargroup.4.Aswellas(write)stories,Ilovereadingandlisteningtomusic.5.Thesoldiersfoughtbravelydefenceofthesafet

yoftheircountry.6.Youcannotacceptanopinion(offer)toyouunlessitisbasedonfacts.7.Lastnight,thereweremillio

nsofpeople(watch)theopeningceremonyliveonTV.8.Thegirldecidedtobreakawayherfamilyifherparentsdidn’tagreetoher

marryingtheyoungman.9.Hesurroundedhiscottagefenceindefenceofhisbelongings.10.Hepassedthedrivingtestathisfirstattempt,madehimexcited.Ⅱ.短语填空jo

in...to...,breakawayfrom,belongto,aswellas,keepone’seyesopen(for),alittlebit,resultin,referto,datebackto,l

eavebehind1.TheoriginofChinesepaintingcanChineseStoneAge’spottery.2.Theweatherisgoodbutperhapshotinsummer.3.C

ulturalrelicsandnaturalsceneryeveryone,includingthegenerationstocome.4.Wearegladtoknowthatourhometownwillthebigcitiesthroughahigh-speedrailway.

5.Whentravellinginaforeigncountry,youhadbetterthelocalhistoryandtradition.6.Modernmusiclikejazzhastheoldtraditionalrule

s.7.Thenewlawdoesnotlandusedforfarming.8.Thestaff,allthestudentsandtheirparents,anyoneinterestedinitarewelcome.9.Whenyou

gocamping,pleasedon’tanytrash.10.First,someinformationofferedinWeChatisfalseanditmaypeoplebeingcheated.2Ⅲ.完成句子1.

未来属于那些相信梦想之美的人。(belongto)thosewhobelieveinthebeautyoftheirdreams.2.除了写故事,我还喜欢阅读和听音乐。(aswellas),Ilovereadingandlisteningtomusic.3.有一些证据证明他偷

了钱,但我不敢肯定。(evidence)hestolethemoney,butI’mnotcertain.4.不管我往哪里看,都是美丽的花朵。(everywhere),therewerebeautifulflowers.5.房

间的角落里有许多箱子。(Therebe)inthecorneroftheroom.能力素养提升练Ⅳ.阅读理解AIrelandhashadaverydifficulthistory.Theproblemsstartedinthe16thcentury

whenEnglishrulerstriedtoconquerIreland.Forhundredsofyears,theIrishpeoplefoughtagainsttheEnglish.Finally,in1921,theBritishgovernmentwasforcedtogive

independencetothesouthofIreland.Theresultisthattodaytherearetwo“Irelands”.NorthernIreland,inthenorth,

ispartoftheUnitedKingdom.TheRepublicofIreland,inthesouth,isanindependentcountry.Inthe1840s,themaincrop,potatoes,wereaffectedbydiseaseandabout750

,000peoplediedofhunger.This,andashortage(短缺)ofwork,forcedmanypeopletoleaveIrelandandliveintheUSA,theUK,AustraliaandCanada.Asares

ultoftheseproblems,thepopulationfellfrom8.2millionin1841to6.6millionin1851.Formanyyears,themajorityofIrishpeopleearned

theirlivingasfarmers.Today,manypeoplestillworkonthelandbutmoreandmorepeoplearemovingtothecitiestoworkinfactoriesandoffices

.Lifeinthecitiesisverydifferentfromlifeinthecountryside,wherethingsmoveataquieterandslowerpace.TheIrisharefamousf

orbeingwarm-heartedandfriendly.OscarWilde,afamousIrishwriter,oncesaidthattheIrishwere“thegreatesttalkerssincetheGreeks”.Since

independence,Irelandhasrevived(复兴)itsowncultureofmusic,language,literatureandsinging.DifferentareashavedifferentstylesofoldIrishs

ongswhicharesungwithout3instruments.OtherkindsofIrishmusicusemanydifferentinstrumentssuchastheviolin,whistles,etc.1.Whatdoes

theauthortellusinparagraph1?A.HowtheIrishfoughtagainsttheEnglish.B.HowIrelandgainedindependence.C.HowEnglishr

ulerstriedtoconquerIreland.D.Howtwo“Irelands”cameintobeing.2.WhatcanwelearnaboutIrelandfromthetext?A.Foodshortagesinthe1840sledtoadecli

neinpopulation.B.Peoplearemovingtothecitiesforlackofworkinthecountryside.C.Itishardertomakealivingasafarmer

thanasafactoryworker.D.DifferentkindsofoldIrishsongsareallsungwithinstruments.3.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.LifeinIrelandB.AVer

yDifficultHistoryC.Ireland,PastandPresentD.TheIndependenceofIrelandBThePolishtakegreatprideintheirculture.Ourculturehas

manydifferentcustomsandtraditions.Iwilldiscussthreeofthesetraditionsandcustoms.ThePolishwillsay“Dziekuje”(“t

hankyou”)onlyafterreceivingtheirchange.WhatImeanbythisisthatwhenyouareinPoland,youshouldwaittosay“thankyou”untilafteryouhavebeengivenyourcha

ngeback.Ifyoudonot,youaretellingcashiers(收银员)thattheycan“keepthechange”.Often,peoplevisitingPolandwillfee

lthatthingsareveryexpensive,untiltheylearnthattheyaregivingthestoreclerkpermissiontokeepthemoneythatwouldhavebeengivenback.Polishpeoplebreak“b

read”withtheirfamiliesduringtheirChristmasEvemeal.TheChristmasEvecelebrationstartswiththebreakingoftheOplatek,whichisathinpieceof

“bread”.Inmyfamily,theeldestinthefamily(mygrandfather)takesthebigOplatekandbreaksitintolargepiecesthathethenhandsdowntoeachofhisfourchildren(mya

unt,uncles,andfather).Then,thesefamilymembersbreaktheirpiecesintosmallersizesandpassthemouttotheirownchildren.Oncethelastp

ieceispasseddowntotheyoungest,wesayaprayer(祷告)andeatthepieceofthinbread.Polishpeoplecelebrate“Imieniny”,orName’sDay.Thisdayismoreimpor

tantthanone’sbirthday.Theyoftennametheirchildrenafterasaint(圣徒)whosedayisclosesttothedatethattheywerebornon.Thenth

eirsaint’sdaythattheywerenamedafterbecomestheir“new”birthday.OnName’sDay,familiesandfriendsgathertogetherandenjoyavarietyoffood,d

rinking,anddancing.4Asyoucansee,Polandhasafewveryunique(独特的)traditionsandcustoms.IhonormyPolishcultureandwillpassitontomyownchild

renbecauseitisimportanttoknowone’sownculture.4.Whatwillhappenifyousay“Dziekuje”beforegettingyourchangeinPoland?A.Thestoreclerkwil

lkeepit.B.Theproductwillbechanged.C.Thestoreclerkwillcheckthemoney.D.Theproductwillbereturnedtothestore.5.Whowilltheautho

rreceive“bread”fromonChristmasEve?A.Hisgrandfather.B.Hisuncle.C.Hisaunt.D.Hisfather.6.Whatdoweknowabout

aPolishperson’sImieniny?A.Itisadaytovisitfamiliesandfriends.B.ItismoreimportantthanName’sDay.C.Itisneartohisorherbirthday.D.Itisadayt

ohonorasaint.7.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofPolishtraditionsandcustoms?A.Hefeelsproudofthem.B.Heshowsnointerestinthem.C.Heisworr

iedaboutthem.D.Heconsidersthemveryfunny.Ⅴ.七选五Therehavebeenalotofcommentsrecentlysurrounding5G,thenextgenerationofwirelesstechnology.1Howmightitc

hangeourlives?5Gstandsforthefifthgeneration,meaningthenextstepintheprogressionoftechnologytoreplacethecurrent4

Gsystem.Earlier“G”systemsweredesignedtoimprovemobilecommunicationoperations.Eachnewtechnologybroughtmajorimprovementsinspeedandgreatlyincreasednetwor

kcapacity(容量).2Itisexpectedtopermitmoreuserstodomorethingsatafasterrate.However,technologyexpertssaythereisamajorwayt

hat5Gisdifferentfromtheearliersystems.3Itwillaffectmoredevicesandindustriesthanother“G”versions.5Gwillhelpfuelfu

ture“smartcities”byconnectingsensornetworks.5Gisalsoexpectedtoconnectself-drivingcarsandsupportnewtechnologiesinvolvi

ngvirtualreality(虚拟现实).Higher5Gspeedscouldalsopermitdoctorstocommonlyperformremotemedicaloperations.Factoriesandbusinessescoulduse5Gtechnolo

gytoincreaseautomationandimprovethecollectionofinformation.4Theincreaseddataflowacross5GnetworkswouldgiveInternetattackersalotmorepossibilit

iestostealandmisusedata.Inaddition,thewideruseofa5Gwirelessnetwork5meansanybreakdownofthesystemwouldhavemorewidespreadandsevereresults.Suchdifficulti

escouldaffectpublicsafety.5oranetworkbreakdowncouldcauseself-drivingvehiclestocrash.A.Whyis5Gsopopular?B.Whatisthistechnology?C.Ever

ycoinhastwosides.D.Thenew5Gsystempromisesmoreofthesame.E.Itwillmovebeyondmobilenetworktechnology.F.Abreakdownof5Gnetwor

ksmaycauseeconomiclosses.G.Afailureduringadoctor’sremoteoperationcouldleadtodeathⅥ.语法填空TheBritishhavemanytraditionsbutthereisnothingmoretypica

lthan1.(take)afternoontea.WeknowtheBritishhavealoveaffairwithdrinkingtea,2.morethan160millioncupsdrunkeveryday,butitwastheinventionofaftern

oontea3.turnedtea-drinkingintoapopularpastime(消遣).Thissociablefeastinvolvesdrinkinggoodqualitytea4.(comfort)whilenib

bling(小口吃)onnicesandwiches,sconeswithjamandcreamandaselectionofsmallcakes.And,ofcourse,itcanonlyhappenintheafternoon!Afternoontea,which5.

(design)asalightsnacktobridgethegapbetweenlunchanddinner,datesbacktothe1840s.Itwentontobecomea6.(fashi

on)socialoccasionfortheupperclasses.Nowthereisaresurgence(复苏)inits7.(popular)intheUKanditisavailabletoanyonewhocanaffordi

t.8.itcanbeenjoyedathome,thebestwaytoexperienceitisatasmarthotelorcafe.Butifyou’rethinkingofvisitingsuchaplace9.(enjoy)

aplateofsweetandsavorytreatswithasteaminghotbrew,remembertherulesyoumustfollowtoavoid10.(ask)toleave.WriterHe

nryJamesoncenotedthat“therearefewhoursinlifemoreagreeablethanthehourdedicatedtotheceremonyknownasafternoontea.”I’msureonceyouhavetriedit,youwillagr

ee.6答案：Ⅰ.1.individuals2.puzzled3.to4.writing5.in6.offered7.watching8.from9.with10.whichⅡ.1.datebackto2.a

littlebit3.belongto4.bejoinedto5.keepyoureyesopenfor6.brokenawayfrom7.referto8.aswellas9.leavebehind10.resultinⅢ

.1.Thefuturebelongsto2.Aswellaswritingstories3.Thereissomeevidencethat4.EverywhereIlooked5.TherearemanycaseslyingⅣ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。

主要介绍了一段关于爱尔兰的历史,以及其文化、农业和人民的生活情况。1.D推理判断题。由第一段中“Theresultisthattodaytherearetwo‘Irelands’.NorthernIreland,inthenorth,i

spartoftheUnitedKingdom.TheRepublicofIreland,inthesouth,isanindependentcountry.”可知,北爱尔兰是英国的一部分,而南部的爱尔兰共

和国是独立的国家。由此可知,作者告诉我们,“两个爱尔兰”是如何形成的。故选D项。2.A细节理解题。根据第二段中“Inthe1840s,themaincrop,potatoes,wereaffectedbydiseaseandabout750,000peo

plediedofhunger.”和“thepopulationfellfrom8.2millionin1841to6.6millionin1851”可知,在19世纪40年代,主要农作物受疾病影响,大约75万人死于饥饿,爱尔兰人口骤减到660万。故

选A项。3.C主旨大意题。文章讲述了爱尔兰的一段历史,没有详细讲爱尔兰的独立,B、D项排除;文章第三段主要讲的是爱尔兰人的生活,A项是对第三段的总结,不够全面。总览全文,文章讲了爱尔兰的过去和现在,故选C项。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。作者是波兰人,他讲述了波兰的三种传统习俗。4.A

细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Ifyoudonot,youaretellingcashiersthattheycan‘keepthechange’.”可知,在波兰,如果你在收银员给你找钱之前说Dziekuje,就等于让收银员留下零钱。因此A项正确。5.D细节理解

题。根据第三段中“Then,thesefamilymembersbreaktheirpiecesintosmallersizesandpassthemouttotheirownchildren.”可知,在圣诞节前夜作者会得到他父亲切的面包。因此D

项正确。6.C推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Theyoftennametheirchildrenafterasaintwhosedayisclosesttothedatethattheywerebornon.Thentheirsaint’sdaythattheywerenamed

afterbecomestheir‘new’birthday.”可知,在波兰,孩子经常以某位圣徒的名字命名,哪位圣徒的纪念日与孩子的生日最接近,人们就选哪位圣徒命名。因此C项正确。7.A细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“IhonormyPolishcultureandw

illpassitontomyownchildren...”可知,作者以自己国家的传统习俗为荣。因此A项正确。Ⅴ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍5G技术及其优点,同时也介绍了它的安全风险。1.B根据第二段“5Gstandsforthefifthgenera

tion,meaningthenextstepintheprogressionoftechnologytoreplacethecurrent4Gsystem.”可知,第一个问题是关于5G的概念。故选B项。72.D根据前一句“Eachnewtechnologybroug

htmajorimprovementsinspeedandgreatlyincreasednetworkcapacity.”可知,每一项新的技术都会带来速度的提升和网络容量的扩大,D项中的ofthesame与前一句呼应,指代上文提到的速度与容量,故选D项。3.E根据后一句“It

willaffectmoredevicesandindustriesthanother‘G’versions.”可知,与其他的四代通信版本相比,5G会影响更多的设备和产业,E项“它的影响超过手机网络技术”符合题意。4.C根据下文“Theincreaseddataflowacross5Gn

etworkswouldgiveInternetattackersalotmorepossibilitiestostealandmisusedata.”可知,本段主要讲述5G技术可能存在的风险。C项“凡事有利弊”符合题意。

5.G根据后一句“oranetworkbreakdowncouldcauseself-drivingvehiclestocrash”可知,此处讲述5G技术对公共安全可能造成的不利影响,G项“远程手术的失败可能造成病人死亡”符合题意。Ⅵ.【语篇导读】

本文是一篇说明文。提起英国人的传统风俗,最负盛名的一个应该就是下午茶了。文章介绍了这一传统的由来、发展以及现状。1.taking考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,take在这里作than的宾语,表示“喝下午茶”这一行为,要用动词-ing形式。故填taking。2.with考查介词。分析句子可知,

cups与drunk之间是动宾关系,符合“with+名词(或代词)+过去分词”的with复合结构用法。故填with。3.that考查强调句。分析句子可知,从句中去掉itwas和空白处,句子的成分是完整的,这里是对主

语进行了强调,强调句的基本结构是“itis/was+被强调部分+that”。故填that。4.comfortably考查副词。分析句子可知,该空在这里修饰动词drinking,要用副词形式。故填comfortably。5.wasdesigned考查动词时态和语

态。分析句子结构可知,这里使用了定语从句,which指代的就是Afternoontea,与design之间是被动关系,构成bedesignedas,描述发生在过去的事情,用一般过去时。故填wasdesigned。6

.fashionable考查形容词。分析句子可知,fashion在这里作定语修饰socialoccasion,要用形容词形式。故填fashionable。7.popularity考查名词。这里its是形容词性物主代词,其后要接名词,需将po

pular变为popularity表示“流行,受欢迎”。故填popularity。8.Although/Though/While考查状语从句的连接词。分析前后句逻辑关系可知,前句是让步状语从句,要用although,though或while引导,表示“尽管,虽然”。故填Althoug

h/Though/While。9.toenjoy考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,这里enjoy作目的状语,要用不定式形式。故填toenjoy。10.beingasked考查非谓语动词。avoiddoingsth意为“避免做某事”,其后要接动

词-ing形式。“你”和“要求离开”之间是被动关系,用动词-ing的被动形式,故填beingasked。