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UNIT3ENVIRONMENTALPROTECTIONSectionAReadingandThinking必备知识基础练Ⅰ.单句填空1.Theyhavesentsomebookstothecountrysidebecausechildrenth

erearestarvingknowledge.2.Thereisalotofcontroversyoverwhetherornotwolvesshouldbereleasedthepark.3.Theroofisunable(sustain)theweightofallthesn

ow.4.Theconcertwill(broadcast)livetomorrowevening.5.Heisself-employedbecausehefindsworkingforotherpeopletoo(re

strict).6.Bythistimeshewasinherninetiesandneededhelpmoreandmore(frequent).7.Thestudentsweredoinga(comprehension

)reviewoftheterm’swork.8.(sustain)developmentofsocietyandenvironmentiscloselyrelatedtohumanculture.Ⅱ.完成句子1.Atpresent,cycling,(和……一起)joggingandswimmi

ng,isregardedasoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.2.MissJackbelievesherexperimentcould(对……有影响)theenvironment.3.WhenJohnmeetwithdifficulties,heusual

lychoosesto(参考)relevantlearningmaterials.4.Theplanets’strongforceofgravityholds(大量的)hydrogenandheliumgas.5.AsfarasI’mconcerned,concentrationonyourst

udieswill(导致)goodgrades.6.Thecountryistryingto(采取措施)topreventandcontrolpollution.7.Governmentwillneedto(制定政策)toencouragepr

ivatecompanies.8.IfIwereyou,Ishould(抓住这次机遇)toimprovemyself.Ⅲ.一句多译这无疑是我一生所经历的最重要的个人经历。1.ThisisthemostsignificantpersonalexperienceIhavebeenthrough

.(介词短语)2.thisisthemostsignificantpersonalexperienceIhavebeenthrough.(同位语从句)打乒乓球不仅能增强你的体质,而且能塑造你的性格。3.Playingping-pongcanbuildupyourbodyitca

nshapeyourcharacter.(并列连词)4.playingping-pongbuildupyourbodybutitalsocanshapeyourcharacter.(倒装句)挪威北极岛斯瓦尔巴岛发现了一只死北极熊

的新闻照片使人们震惊。5.PeoplewereshockedbyanewsphotoofadeadpolarbearonNorway’sArcticislandofSvalbard.(定语从句)6.Peopleweres

hockedbyanewsphotoofadeadpolarbearNorway’sArcticislandofSvalbard.(过去分词作定语)他当时所记得的是,他滑了一下,倒在了地上。7.atthemomentwasthatheslippedandfelltot

heground.8.atthemomentwasthatheslippedandfelltotheground.我们认为对环境做出贡献是我们的责任。9.Wethinktomakecontributionstotheenvironment.(形式主语)10.Wethinktomakeco

ntributionstotheenvironment.(形式宾语)能力素养提升练Ⅳ.阅读理解AOnEarthDay,peoplearoundtheworldworktohelpourplanet.ButApril22isn

’ttheonlydaythishappens.Manypeople,includingkids,protecttheEarthallyearlong.Readaboutsomeinspiringstories,andthendecidehowyouwil

lmakeadifference.JustinSather,10,fromLosAngeles,CaliforniaWhenhewas5,Justinlearnedthathisfavoriteanimal’shabitatwasindang

er.Sohetookaction.HestartedagroupcalledFortheLoveofFrogsandsoldtoyfrogstoraisemoney.Justinsaidthatfrogsarean“indicatorspecies”,whi

chmeansthatwhentheirhabitatisthreatened,theyshowsignsofillnessearlierthanotheranimals.“Frogsaretellingusourpl

anetreallyneedsyourhelp,”Justinadded.AadyaJoshi,16,fromMumbai,IndiaWhenAadyawas13,shechangedajunklotinherneighb

orhoodintoagardenbyusingplantsnativetotheareabecausenativespeciesattractnativeinsectsandanimals.“Thewa

ytofixthehabitatisn’tjusttoplantanytree,”shesaid.“It’storeplacewhatwastorndownfromthatspot.”NowAadyaisleadingtheRightGreen,anorgani

zationshefoundedtoeducatepeopleaboutgrowingnativeplantsandmaintaininghealthyecosystems.XavierBaquero-Iglesias,11,f

romNaples,FloridaWhileplayingwithfriendsonAstroturf(artificialgrass),Xaviernoticeditwassuperhot,muchhotterthanrealgras

s.Xavierusedhisknowledgeofsciencetofigureoutwhy.ThenheinventedSoleXTurfwhichusestheheatfromAstroturftomakeelectrici

ty.Xaviersaidhisinventioncreatedelectricityinawaythatwasnotharmfultotheenvironment,“Iwantedtofindawaytoreducetheeffectsofclimatecha

ngeandthemainwayistofindrenewableenergysources.”1.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“indicatorspecies”inparagraph2refe

rto?A.Frogslivinginthedamagedhabitat.B.Animalslikefrogsfacingextinction.C.Animalssufferingfromdeadlyillness.D.Creaturesmonitoringenvironmentalcha

nges.2.WhatistheproperwaytorepairtheecosystemsaccordingtoAadya?A.Plantingmoretrees.B.Growingnativeplants.C

.Changingjunklotsintogardens.D.Preventingforeigninsectsandanimals.3.WhatisthevalueofXavier’sinventio

n?A.ItcanmakeAstroturfcool.B.Ithelpsreduceelectricitywaste.C.Itcanbringdownthepriceofelectricity.D.Itmakeselectricityinapollution-freewa

y.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ActivitiesonEarthDayB.KidHeroesforthePlanetC.OrganizationsfortheEcosystemD.Benefi

tsofProtectingtheEarthB(2021·浙江杭州高二期末)LiuJichen,23,astudentfromTsinghuaUniversity,hasdevelopedaWeChatmini-prog

ramcalled“ClearYourPlate”.Afterameal,userscanopenthemini-programandtakeapictureoftheiremptyplates.Oncetheimageisrecogni

zedbytheAI(ArtificialIntelligence),studentscancollectpointsandusethemtobuygiftsorpurchasecharitymealstochildreninpoor

ruralareas.Liuandhisteam,togetherwithotherorganizations,launchedthe“ClearYourPlate”campaigninNovemberforthethirdyear

.Ithassweptover1,017universitiesacrossthecountry.Theone-monthcampaignattractedalmost1.6millionparticipantsandcollec

tivelyreducedfoodwasteby862tonsandcarbonemissions(碳排放)by3,337tons.“Technologicalinnovationisagoodwaytoreducefoodwaste,”Liuthou

ght.Heorganizedateamof20memberstoworkontheprojectattheendof2017.TosolvetheAI’sproblemofidentifyingphotosofemptyplates,theteamspenthal

fayearcollectingover100,000samplesincanteensandrestaurants.In2018,themini-programwasofficiallyputintooperationonOct1

6,WorldFoodDay.Theythenlaunchedacampaignlaterthatyear.“Thereweresomanyunknownsinresearchanddevelopment.Forourteammembers,thebigg

estchallengewaswhetherwewereconfidentenoughtocompleteit,”Liusaid.Theynotonlyachievedtheirgoal,butnow,themini-programhasmorethan5milli

onregisteredusers,accordingtoLiu.“Wehopeoureffortscanstartanewtrendamongtheyoungergenerationbyencour

agingthemtocherish(珍惜)theirfoodanddevelopthehabitofthrift(节约),”Liuadded.5.Whatcanweknowaboutthe“ClearYourPlate”mini-program?A.Itaimstoputane

ndtowasteandencouragethrift.B.Its6millionusersaremostlystudents.C.Ithelpedreducefoodwasteby3,337tons.D.Itisanexchan

geofnotwastingfoodforrewards.6.WhatchallengedidLiuandhisteamface?A.Theyfoundittoughtopromotethecampaign.B

.Theyfeltuncertainwhethertheycouldcompletetheproject.C.Theylackedprofessionaltechnicalsupport.D.Theyhaddifficulty

gatheringenoughsamples.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLiuJichen?A.Optimisticanddemanding.B.Generousandresponsible.C.Talente

dandhumorous.D.Creativeanddetermined.8.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Aguidebook.B.Anewsreport.C.Abookrevie

w.D.Atextbook.Ⅴ.七选五(2021·山东淄博高二期末)TipsforCuttingtheCostofTravelWhetherforpleasureorbusinessreasons,itisnormalforustosometimeswanttopack

ourbags,hittheroad,andheadtoanewdestination.1,itisnotwithoutitsexpensesandthoseexpensesarecapableofdrillingaholeinone’spocketifnotprop

erlyplannedoutbeforehand.Belowareseveraltipstoensureyoudon’tenduptoomuchoutofpocketbytheendofyourtravels.•2.Moreoftenthannot,p

eoplegodirectlytotheairlinewebsitestobooktheirtickets.Butdidyouknowthattherearesomanywebsites,likeTraveligo,whichspeciali

zeinfindingcheapflightsfortravelers?Thisisagreatgo-towebsitewheneveryouwanttobookyourflight.•Chooseacheapermeansoftransportation.

Whileeveryonelikestoflytotheirtraveldestinationforeaseandspeed,flyingisn’ttheonlytransportoptionavailable.Dependingonwhereyou’rel

ivingandwhereyou’reheaded,youcanalwaysselectpublictransport.3.•Don’tusehotels.4.ByusingAirbnboranyofitspopularcompeti

tors,travelershavetheopportunitytonotonlylivelikelocalsbutalsospendfarless.•Useatravelcreditcard.Whenyouapplyforthesecards,youcancontro

lopportunitieslikesigning-upbonuses,mostofwhichareofferedbyairlinecreditcards.5.Youcansaveyourselfalotofmoneybywayofextramiles,whene

veryou’rereadytohittheroad.A.SaveonairfareB.SurfthewebsiteforticketsC.Whiletravelingisanexcitingexpe

rienceD.ThesebonuspointscanhelpyouincreasealotofmilesE.Stayingatsomeone’shousecanbecheaperthanbookingahotelF.Soresea

rchwhat’savailableandchoosethebestoptionforyourbudgetG.Ifyou’reabudgetsensibletravelerlookingtoreducethetravelcosts答案：Ⅰ.1.for2.i

nto3.tosustain4.bebroadcast5.restrictive6.frequently7.comprehensive8.SustainableⅡ.1.alongwith2.haveanimpac

ton3.referto4.hugeamountsof5.resultin6.takemeasures7.makepolicies8.seizetheopportunityⅢ.1.withoutdoubt

2.Thereisnodoubtthat3.notonly;butalso4.Notonlycan5.that/whichwasfound6.foundon7.Allthathecouldremember8.Whathecouldremember9.itisourresponsibil

ity10.itourresponsibilityⅣ.【语篇解读】文章主要讲述几名青少年为保护环境所做的努力。1.D词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的定语从句“whichmeansthatwhentheirhabitatisthreatened,theyshowsignsof

illnessearlierthanotheranimals”可知,“指示物种”指的是能够通过自身状况去反映环境变化的物种,所以D项正确。2.B细节理解题。根据AadyaJoshi,16,fromMumbai,India部分的“...toeducatepeople

aboutgrowingnativeplantsandmaintaininghealthyecosystems.”可知,Aadya认为修复生态系统的适当方式是种植当地的植物。3.D细节理解题。根据XavierBaquero-Iglesias,11,fromNaples,Florida部分

的“Xaviersaidhisinventioncreatedelectricityinawaythatwasnotharmfultotheenvironment”可知,Xavier的发明其价值在于它能够以无污染的方式发电。4.B主旨大意题。通读全文内容可知,文章主要讲述几名青少年为保护

环境所做的努力,所以B项“KidHeroesforthePlanet(保护地球的儿童英雄)”概括了文章主旨,适合作为文章标题。【语篇解读】23岁的清华大学学生刘继臣开发了一个名为“清盘”的微信小程序,用技术创新来帮助减少食物浪费。5.D细节

理解题。根据第一段中“...studentscancollectpointsandusethemtobuygiftsorpurchasecharitymealstochildreninpoorruralareas.”可知,通过拍空盘子的照片到这个小程序,参与者可以获得积分,同时可以利

用积分来购买礼物或购买捐赠给贫困农村地区儿童的慈善餐。所以这是不浪费食物而获得回报的一种交换。6.B细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Forourteammembers,thebiggestchallengewaswhetherwewerec

onfidentenoughtocompleteit(对于我们的团队成员来说,最大的挑战是我们是否有足够的信心去完成它)”可知,对于是否能完成这个任务刘的团队是不确定的。7.D推理判断题。根据第一段第一句中的“hasdevelopedaWeChatmini-programcalled‘C

learYourPlate’”可知,刘继臣是极具创造性的人;由倒数第二段中的“TosolvetheAI’sproblemofidentifyingphotosofemptyplates,theteamspenthalfayearcollectingover100,000s

amplesincanteensandrestaurants.(为了解决人工智能识别空盘子照片的问题,研究小组花了半年时间,在食堂和餐馆收集了超过10万个样本。)”可知,刘和他的团队是意志坚定的。8.B推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Li

uJichen,23,astudentfromTsinghuaUniversity,hasdevelopedaWeChatmini-programcalled‘ClearYourPlate’.”可知,本文主要讲述了23岁的刘继臣发明了“清盘”的微信小程序,所以本文最有可能是一篇新闻报道。Ⅴ.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了减少旅行费用的一些小贴士。1.C根据下文“itisnotwithoutitsexpensesandthoseexpensesarecapableofdrillingaholeinone’spocketifnotpro

perlyplannedoutbeforehand.”可知,此处与下文形成转折关系,故选C项。2.A根据下文“Butdidyouknowthattherearesomanywebsites,likeTraveligo,whichspecializeinfindin

gcheapflightsfortravelers?”可知,此处是本段的小标题,内容与节省机票钱有关,选项A“Saveonairfare(节省机票钱)”符合题意。3.F根据上文“Dependingonwhereyou’relivinga

ndwhereyou’reheaded,youcanalwaysselectpublictransport.”可知,此处内容与选择合适的交通工具有关,选项F“所以,研究一下什么是可用的,然后根据你的预算选择最好的选择”符合题意。4.E根据本段小标题“Don’tusehotels

.”和下文“travelershavetheopportunitytonotonlylivelikelocalsbutalsospendfarless”可知,此处内容与住当地人的家里可能比住酒店花费少有关,选项E“住在别人家里可能比预订酒店便宜”符合题意。