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UNIT4ADVERSITYANDCOURAGESectionAReadingandThinking必备知识基础练Ⅰ.单句填空1.Bothsidesmetinordertotry(resolve)theirdifferences.2.Ifyoudon’tha

veanaim,youwilldriftlikean(abandon)shipatsea.3.Withfaithand(persevere),Goodallfinallyovercameallthedifficulties.4.Hisfriendswere(enthusiasm)

andencouragedhimtopublishhisideas.5.Heaskedmetotakefewer(belong)astherewaslittleroomleftinourcar.6.Inmyopinion,t

hereisnoevidenceindicatingthatheisa(qualify)teacher.7.BeforeIcompeted,Ihadmixedprogramofstrengthand(endur

e)training.8.NeverwillIforgethisfirst(assign)attheofficeofapopularEnglishnewspaper.Ⅱ.短语填空turndown,beenthusiasticabout,throw

away,bestuckin,holdon,frombadtoworse,setoff,afterall1.toyourdreamandyouwillsucceed.2.Underthenewmanagement,thingsmaygo.3.Ifyouwanttoyourwork,re

memberthesethreethings.4.IwasthirtyminuteslateforthemeetingbecauseItraffic.5.Idon’tknowwhyyouaresoconcerned—itisn’tyourproblem.6.You’dbetternotth

osebooksincaseyoucanreadthemagain.7.Itwasraininghardwhenweyesterday;wewerewetwhenarrivingthere.8.Tomhadtotheinvitationtothepartylastwee

kendbecausehewastoobusy.Ⅲ.一句多译1.我下火车时碰巧在下雨,因此我只好乘出租车。(1)itwasrainingwhenIgotoffthetrainandIhadtotakeataxi.(it作形式主语)(2)It

happenedwhenIgotoffthetrainandIhadtotakeataxi.(动词不定式短语)2.没有你的帮助,我不可能取得这么快的进步。(3),Iwouldnothavemadesuc

hrapidprogress.(without)(4)Ifyoume,Iwouldnothavemadesuchrapidprogress.(if引导的虚拟条件句)3.能有机会参加这次会议被认为是很大的荣耀。(5)Peopleagrea

thonortohaveachancetoattendtheconference.(it作形式宾语)(6)agreathonortohaveachancetoattendtheconference.(it作形式主语)4.他给我们讲的这个故事多

么有趣啊!(7)heistellingus!(what引导的感叹句)(8)heistellingus!(how引导的感叹句)5.树上的苹果太高了,我够不着。(9)Theapplesonthetreearetoreach.(too...to

...句式)(10)TheapplesonthetreeareIcan’treachthem.(so...that...句式)能力素养提升练Ⅳ.阅读理解A(2021·山东淄博高二期末)Palawanisamustfortheglobaltravelle

r,withitscharmingscenery,untouchedrainforestsandworld-classresorts(度假胜地).Palawan’sbeachessimplyhavenoequal,andthereares

coresofislandsforthetravellerstoexplore.DivingDiverstrooptoPalawan,whichliesattheveryheartoftheCoralTrianglebiodiversitycorridor(走廊).Theh

ighlightisTubbatahaReefsNationalPark,whichisaccessibleonlybylive-aboardboatfromlateMarchtomid-June.IslandhoppingTopofmostvisi

tors’listsisboardingatrustyspeedboatandsettingofftoexplorePalawan’s1780islands.Whynottakeamultidayjourney,campingonremoteislandsunderthestars,farremo

vedfromothertourists?BeachesThebestpartaboutPalawan’sgloriousbeaches?Onlyafewareknowntothemasses.Therestareyoursfo

rthetaking.EINidohasaseeminglyendlesssupplyofsandysights.NorthofEINido,aroughroadleadstoNacpanBeach.Wayupnorth,theCal

amianIslandsareoftenringed360-degreesbyblindinglywhitesand.JungleadventuresCloseto50%ofPalawan’sold-grow

thforestcoverremainsuntouched,byfarthemostamongPhilippineprovinces.Naturalistscanexploretherainforestsinsearchofanimalsandbirdwatchersmigratefromarou

ndtheglobetospotunusualbirdspecies.Additionally,determinedhikerscanscalenumerouspeaks.Palawanhasalwayshadaresponsibleattitudetowardsitsenvi

ronment.Againstthedestructionofcoastalecosystemsandillegalloggingandfishing,severalaward-winingresortsareleadingthewaytowardamoresustaina

blefuture,mixingnativedesignandlow-carbonelementstocreatelivingspacesthatwilllast.Ecotourismwillplayaroleindeterminingthefutureoftheisland

s.1.WhatcanatouristenjoyinPalawan?A.Watchingthemigrationofbirdsintherainforests.B.VisitingTubbatahaReefsNationalParkinJuly.C.Gettingexposedtoallthebe

aches.D.Exploringthefarawayislands.2.WhomayhavelessinterestinPalawan?A.Climbers.B.Skiers.C.Biologists.D.Divers.3.Whatshouldthelocalpeo

pledotomaintainitscontinuousbusiness?A.Forbidfishing.B.Protectecosystems.C.Logillegally.D.Ignoretheconceptoflow-ca

rbonlife.B(2021·山东潍坊高二期末)AristotlewasamongthefirstthinkerstobecomeinterestedintheredsnowonMountParna

ssusinthe4thcenturyBC.TheGreekphilosopherowedthecolourtohairywormslivinginfreezingconditionsathighaltitude.Thephenomenonha

spuzzledscientistseversince.NowateamofFrenchresearchersfindthatsnowisgettingredderallthetime.Theredisindeedpr

oducedbyorganismsinthesnow—notbyhairyworms,butbymicroalgae(微藻类)thatinhabitecosystemsupto3,000metresabovese

alevel.Themicroalgaethataregreenandinvisibleinwinterbecomeloadedwithpigments(色素)insummerwhichprotectthemfromthes

un,turningthesnowreddish.It’swhenthesun’sraysbecomestrongthatthemicroalgaecreateaprotectivelayerofredmolecu

les(分子)thatarelikeasuncream.Theresearcherssayontheirwebsite,“Theappearanceof‘redsnows’seemstobemoreandmorefrequentathig

haltitudes,aswellasintheArcticandAntarcticregions.”Oneexplanationforthespreadofredsnowscouldbeglobalwarming,thesci

entistssay.Microalgaecapturecarbondioxidewhenexposedtolight,turningitintoorganicmatterandplacingitatthefoundationofecosystemsins

oil,waterandsnow.Withclimatechange,theamountofcarbondioxideintheatmosphereisincreasing.“Itisthereforeexpectedthatcertainmicroal

gaerespondpositivelytothisincrease,behavingasmarkersofclimatechange,”thewebsitesays.Yetscientistsareunsureaboutwha

timpactthemicroalgaehaveonmeltingglaciersandsnow.Theysuspectthatbecausetheredpigmentsabsorbtheheattheyareacceleratingen

vironmentalchange.“Evenifitisfantastictoseemicroalgaedevelopinginthesnow,oneoftheconsequencesis...the

disappearanceoftheirenvironment,”theresearchersadded.4.WhatcausedtheredsnowaccordingtotheGreekphilosopher?A.Highaltitude.B.Aki

ndofworms.C.Themicroalgae.D.Thefreezingconditions.5.Whydothemicroalgaeturnredinsummer?A.Togenerateasuncream.B.Tobeloadedwithpigments.C.Toatt

ractpeople’sattention.D.Todefendthemselvesfromthesun.6.Whatcanwelearnabouttheredsnowinparagraph3?A.Itcancontributetoglob

alwarming.B.Itcanindicatetheriseofcarbondioxide.C.Itincreasescarbondioxideinecosystems.D.ItdisappearsfromtheArcticandAn

tarcticregions.7.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Redsnowsendsawarning.B.Microalgaegrowinredsnow.C.Microalgaestandcli

matechange.D.Redsnowdancesathighaltitude.Ⅴ.七选五(2021·河南驻马店高二期末)LifelessonsfromstudyingabroadI’vestudiedabroadthreetimes.Inhighschool,Itookabiolo

gytriptoPanamainCentralAmericafortwoweeks.1Allthethreeexperienceshaveresultedinhugepersonalgrowth.2While

youareabroad,therewillbetimeswhenyouwillfeellost,frightened,andcompletelyaloneinacityofmillionsofpeople,andyouneedhelp.You

havetotrustpeople,oryouarenevergoingtogetanywhereinlife.3Whenyouhaveyourbackagainstthewall,youhavetorelyonyourselftogettowhereyouaregoing.Sometimes

thatcanbefrightening,butwhenyoucanactuallytrustyourself,youcantrulylearntheimportanceofyourindependence.Ilea

rnedtotakeadvantageoftheopportunitiesthatweregiventome.Ioftensayalotmore“yes”andalotless“no”.Jogroundthepark?Yes.Hike

upavolcano?Yes.CampintheSaharaDesert?Yes.VolunteerinaSpanishschool?Yes.Ididn’tletanythingstandinthewayofmeexperiencing

someoftheseopportunities.4Ilearnedtobeadaptable(适应性强的).WhenIwasabroad,thereweremanytimeswhenthingsdidn’tgoasplanned,andIha

dtoadapttothesituationandfigureoutaplanB.Whetheritisacanceledconnectingflight,amissedtrain,orunexpectedfood

poisoning,youhavetofigureoutawaytogetthroughit.Ifindthistobeextremelyimportant.5Theymightknockyoudown

,orchangeyourpath,butit’showyourespondtothesechallengesthathelpsyoulearnandgrow.A.Ihadtohandleit.B.Havingfaithino

thersearnsyouhelp.C.Stayingabroadmademestrongerandmoreconfident.D.Ilearnedtoputbeliefinmyselfandalsoinothe

rpeople.E.Problemsaregoingtoarisewhenyouleastexpectthem.F.IncollegeI’vebeenontwo“EducationAbroadPrograms”.G.Lifeisto

oshorttobesayingnotothingsandregrettingthemlater.答案：Ⅰ.1.toresolve2.abandoned3.perseverance4.enthusiastic5.belonging

s6.qualified7.endurance8.assignmentⅡ.1.Holdon2.frombadtoworse3.beenthusiasticabout4.wasstuckin5.afterall6.thr

owaway7.setoff8.turndownⅢ.1.(1)Itsohappenedthat(2)toberaining2.(3)Withoutyourhelp(4)hadn’thelped3.(5)considerit(6)Itisconsidered4.(7)Whatani

nterestingstory(8)Howinterestingthestory5.(9)toohighforme(10)sohighthatⅣ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了旅游胜地巴拉望的景点以及旅游项目。1.

D细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Palawan’sbeachessimplyhavenoequal,andtherearescoresofislandsforthetravellerstoexplor

e.”可知,游客可以在巴拉望探索许多海岛。2.B细节理解题。根据小标题Diving中的“DiverstrooptoPalawan,...”可知,巴拉望是潜水胜地。根据Jungleadventures中的“Natu

ralistscanexploretherainforests...Additionally,determinedhikerscanscalenumerouspeaks.”可知,巴拉望也会吸引生物学家和登山者的兴趣。全文没有提到滑雪

,故选B项。3.B细节理解题。根据文章最后一段可知,巴拉望岛的本地人正在推行可持续的发展理念,生态旅游对岛屿未来的发展会起作用,即当地人应该通过保护生态环境来维持其持续的业务。【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述研究发现在高海拔地区出现的“红雪”现象可能预示着大气中二氧化碳含量的增多以及全球

变暖。4.B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“TheGreekphilosopherowedthecolourtohairywormslivinginfreezingconditionsathighaltitude.”可知,希腊哲学家认为红雪是生活在高海拔冰冻环境中的毛

毛虫造成的。5.D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Themicroalgaethataregreenandinvisibleinwinterbecomeloadedwithpigmentsinsummerw

hichprotectthemfromthesun,turningthesnowreddish.”可知,这些微藻夏天变红是为了保护自己不受阳光照射。6.B推理判断题。根据第三段可知,红雪的出现预示着全球变暖。微藻被暴露于光下捕获二氧化碳,将其转化为有机物,对大气中

二氧化碳的增加做出积极反应,即红雪变多意味着二氧化碳的增多。7.A主旨大意题。通读全文内容可知,文章主要讲述研究发现在高海拔地区出现的“红雪”现象可能预示着大气中二氧化碳含量的增多以及全球变暖。A选项“Redsnowsendsawarning.”概括了文章主旨,

适合作为文章标题。Ⅴ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了作者在国外留学时给出的一些建议和想法。1.F根据上文“Inhighschool,ItookabiologytriptoPanamainCentralAmer

icafortwoweeks.”可知,空格处承上启下。F项“在大学里,我参加了两个国外教育计划”其中Incollege与Inhighschool形成并列关系,与studiedabroadthreetimes相呼应。2.D根据下文“Youhavetotrustpeople,oryouare

nevergoingtogetanywhereinlife.”可知,本段主要讲述的是信任的话题。D项“我学会了相信自己和他人。”其中putbeliefin与trustpeople为同义复现。3.B根据上文“Youhavetotrustpeople,oryoua

renevergoingtogetanywhereinlife.”可知,此处承接上文,继续表述相信自己和相信他人的重要性。B项“对他人有信心可以帮助到你。”其中havingfaithin与trustpeople形成对比结构。4.G

根据上文“Ioftensayalotmore‘yes’andalotless‘no’.”可知,G项“人生苦短,不要拒绝任何事情以后再后悔。”符合此处语境。