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Unit2Besporty,behealthySectionAWelcometotheunit&Reading课后篇素养形成必备知识基础练Ⅰ.单句填空1.Trytounderstandwhat’sactuallyhappeninginsteadofacti

ngonthe(assume)you’vemade.答案assumption2.IhadhopedtosendPeteragifttocongratulatehimhismarriage,butIcouldn’tmanagei

t.答案on3.Somepeopletend(look)downupondisabledpeopleandregardthemasunfitforaregularlife.答案tolook4.HazeMabry,whohasworkedaschoolkeeperfo

rthirteenyears,walksintotheschoolbuildingeverydayandemptiesgarbagecans,wipesdownbathroomsandmopswetmessesinthehallways.答案as5.Onourwaythehouse

,itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldn’thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtaketogetthere.答案to6.Thesedevelopmentsarelikely(make)our

currentproblemswithrobocallsmuchworse.答案tomake7.Wearedeterminedthatourtrainingshouldkeeppacethecurrentdevelopmentineducation.答案with8.M

eanwhile,withherparents’help,Mooreis(general)abletoliveanormalteenagelife.答案generally9.Mammals(哺乳动物)weigh

ingsixtykilogramshaveaveragebrainsizeof200cm3.Modernmanhasabrainaveraging1200-1400cm3.答案anⅡ.完成句子1.知道怎样清晰地思考并正确地说出来会增加人的自信。Knowingandhowto

speakcorrectlygivesoneconfidence.答案howtothinkclearly2.因为超重(对健康)有保护作用这一理念,所以人们对减肥是否对健康有益还有争论。Whetherweigh

tlosshasbeendebatedbecauseofthisconceptthatbeingoverweightisprotective.答案isofbenefittohealth3.你认为讲座怎么样?thelecture?答案Whatdoyouthinkof4.近来,越来越多的人在地

铁里遭到袭击。Moreandmorepeopleintheundergroundthesedays.答案aregettingattacked5.当被父母陪同时,孩子们被允许进入体育场。Children,theirp

arents,areallowedtoenterthestadium.答案whenaccompaniedby关键能力提升练Ⅲ.阅读理解AYousignedupforsoccer,andplayedeverygameoftheseason.Su

re,you’renotthebestplayerontheteam,butmostdaysyougaveityourall.Doyoudeserveatrophy(奖杯)?IfthedecisionisuptoCarolDweck,theanswer

wouldlikelybeno.She’sapsychologyprofessoratStanfordUniversity,California.Shesaysaplayerdoesn’thavetobethebesttogetatrophy.

Butthosewhoreceiveanawardshouldhavetoworkforit.Shesuggeststrophiesgotothemostimprovedplayer,ortheonewhocontribut

emosttotheteamspirit,aswellastothosewhoplaythebest.“Thetrophyhastostandforsomething,”DwecktoldTFK.“Ifwegiveatrophyt

oeveryone,thentheawardhasnovalue.”Dweckarguesthatgivingkidstrophiesforparticularreasons,suchasimprovinginasport,teacheskidsthatadultsva

luehardwork.Otherssaythatthere’snoharmingivingawardstoallkidswhoplayasport,regardlessofhowtheyplayedorwhetherornottheyimproved.“Ithinkwesh

ouldencouragekids’participationinsports,”saysKennethBarish,apsychologyprofessoratWeillCornellMedicalCollege,inNewYorkCity.

“Atrophyisonewaytoencouragekids’efforts.”Barisharguesthatwhenwesingleoutonlythebestoreventhemostimprovedplayerswithatrophy,

weareteachingkidsthewronglesson.Wearesendingthemessagethatwinningiseverything.“Winningisonlypartoftheequation(等式),”BarishtoldTFK.“Playi

ngsportsalsoteacheskidsaboutteamworkandtheimportanceofexercise.”Therewillbeplentyofopportunitiesforkidstolearnaboutcompetition

astheygetolder,saysBarish.They’llsoonrealizethatonlyonesoccerteamwinstheWorldCupandonlyonefootballteamwinstheSup

erBowl.Fornow,hethinksthere’snothingwrongwithlettingallkidswhoplayasportfeellikewinners.Thatmeanstrophiesfor

everyone.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。如果孩子参加体育比赛,那么是不是每个人都该得到奖杯呢?文章就这个问题给出了两种不同的看法。1.AccordingtoCarolDweck,whichplayershouldreceiveatrophy?A.Tony,them

ostattractiveplayerofthesoccerteam.B.David,asoccerplayerwhoisbothcleverandfunny.C.Peter,whoisreadyto

helphispartnerstoscoregoals.D.Jim,asoccerplayerwhotrieshisbesttowinthegame.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Shesugge

ststrophies...thosewhoplaythebest.”可知,斯坦福大学的心理学教授CarolDweck认为,进步最大的、对团队精神贡献最多的和表现最佳的运动员都应获奖。故选C项。2.Whichofthefollowingstatementswo

uldKennethBarishagreewith?A.Thereisnosenseingivingatrophytoeveryone.B.Kidsfondofplayingsportsshouldberewarded.C.Kidsshouldb

egiventrophiesfortryingtheirbest.D.Itisnecessarytoencouragekids’participationinsports.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第五段中的“‘Ithinkweshouldencourage.

..toencouragekids’efforts.’”可知,纽约市威尔康奈尔医学院的心理学教授KennethBarish认为,我们应该鼓励孩子参加体育活动,颁发奖杯就是一种激励方式。故选D项。3.The

underlinedphrase“singleout”inParagraph6probablymeans“”.A.honorB.chooseC.valueD.stress答案B解析词义猜测题。根据第六段中的“Barisharguesthatwhe

nwesingleout...thatwinningiseverything.”可知,Barish认为,当我们挑选出最佳球员或进步最大的球员并授予他们奖杯的时候,我们给孩子们传递了一个错误的信号:获胜就是一切。因此画线词组singleout意为“挑出

”。故选B项。4.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.WhoDeservesaTrophyB.AllKidsDeserveaTrophyC.WhatDoesaTrophyDeserveD.B

estPlayerDeservesaTrophy答案A解析主旨大意题。根据第一段“Yousignedupforsoccer...deserveatrophy(奖杯)?”和最后一段中的“Fornow...Thatmeanstrophiesfore

veryone.”可知,本文主要论述了是不是每个参加比赛的人都该得到奖杯。故选A项。BExercisehelpstokeepusingoodhealth.DoctorsattheAmericanHeartAssociationsugge

stgettingatleast150minutesofproperphysicalactivitieseveryweek.Manypeopleexerciseforafewminuteseverydayoreveryotherday.So,getti

ng150minuteseveryweekiseasy.Butwhataboutthosetimeswhenyouaresick?Ifyoudonotfeelwell,shouldyoukeepfollowingyourexerciseh

abit?Healthexpertsanswertheseandotherquestions.EdwardR.LaskowskiisadoctorattheMayoClinic.Heandotherexpertshaveageneralruleofyesaboutexercisingwhe

nyouaresick.Itisusuallyfinetoexercise,heexplains,ifyoursymptoms(症状)areall“abovetheneck”.Thesesignsmayincludearunnynose,

ablockednose,sneezingoraminorsorethroat.GeralynCoopersmithisaphysicalfitnesstrainerwhohaswrittenseveralbooksonexe

rciseandnutrition.BothCoopersmithandDrLaskowskisuggesttakingabreakfromexercisingifsignsofyourillnessappear“belowtheneck

”.Payspecialattentiontosymptomssuchaschestcongestion,extremecoughorpaininthestomach.Thereareothersymptomsthatc

antellyoutoavoidexercise.Theyinclude:ahigherthannormalbodytemperature,asenseoffeelingextremelytired,andwidespreadmusclepain.Bot

hCoopersmithandDrLaskowskisuggestlisteningtoyourbody.Ifyoufeelreallybad,takeabreakandletyourbodyrest.I

fyoudon’tfeeltoobad,theseexpertsbothsuggestreducingtheamountofexercise.Forexample,ifyouusuallyrun,takeaquickwalkinstead.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明

文。锻炼有助于保持身体健康,但是在感觉不适的时候,要看具体情况:如果病症出现在“颈部以上”的位置,通常可以锻炼;如果病症出现在“颈部以下”,请暂停锻炼。5.Howlongshouldpeopledoexercisetokeephealthy?A.About150m

inutesperday.B.Around100minutesperday.C.Atleast150minutesperweek.D.Nomorethan100minutesperweek.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Exercisehelpsto...properp

hysicalactivitieseveryweek.”可知,锻炼有助于保持身体健康,美国心脏协会的医生建议每周至少进行150分钟的适当体育锻炼,因此人们应该每周至少运动150分钟才能保持健康。故选C项。6.Whenw

illEdwardR.Laskowskisaynotoexercise?A.Whenyourleftlegisbroken.B.Whenyouhavearunnynose.C.Whenyouhaveablockednose.D.Whenyouhaveaminorso

rethroat.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“BothCoopersmith...ifsignsofyourillnessappear‘belowtheneck’”可知,EdwardR.Laskowski不

赞同在颈部以下出现症状时运动。故选A项。7.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedphrase“listeningtoyourbody”inParagraph6?A.Becarefulwithy

ourears.B.Learntotakeadviceofothers.C.Payattentiontobodysignals.D.Listentomusictokeephealthy.答案C解析词义猜测题。

根据第六段中的“Ifyoufeelreallybad,takeabreakandletyourbodyrest.Ifyoudon’tfeeltoobad,theseexpertsbothsuggestreducingtheamountofex

ercise.”可知,身体不适时应休息一下。如果不是非常不舒服,可以减少运动量。故选C项。8.Whatwillthewriterbelikelytoagreewith?A.Practicemakesperfect.B.Nothi

ngseek,nothingfind.C.Putyourheartintoexercise.D.Actaccordingtoyourabilities.答案D解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“BothCoopersmithandDrL

askowskisuggestlisteningtoyourbody.”可知,这两个人都建议按照身体的舒适程度来决定运动与否以及运动量,作者并没有提出反对和质疑,即作者赞同二者的建议,故选D项。