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Unit4LivingwithtechnologySectionAWelcometotheunit&Reading必备知识基础练Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Therehasbeenabig(投入)ofresourcesintotheprojectfromind

ustry.2.Weshoulddevelopthestudents’abilityto(分析)andsolveproblems.3.Theterm“cardboardcity”was(创造)todescribecommunitiesofhomelesspeoplelivinginc

ardboardboxes.4.Theattacker(威胁)mewithagun.5.Storesspendmoreandmoreon(罪行)preventioneveryyear.6.Theofficial(敦促

)thegovernmentnottopassuptheopportunitythathasnowpresenteditself.7.Whilethemodellingbusinessisbynomeanseasytogetinto,thegoodmodel,maleorfemale,

willalwaysbein(需要).8.Heglancedbrieflytowardsherbuttherewasnosignof(认出).9.Policeareinvestigatingthe(盗窃)ofcomputersfromthecompany’soffices.10.Whatisthe

differencebetweenahungrymananda(贪心的)man?Ⅱ.短语填空buildcastlesintheair,cometrue,putforward,tonamebutafew,getcloseto,toone’sadvantage,fa

llvictimto,comeintouse,intheory,breakinto1.Differenthypotheseshavebeentoexplainwhythesefoodsaremorelikelytocauseproblems.2.Localsareprettyexpertattur

ningthesun,usingittogeneratesolarpower.3.Tworobbersherhome,heldaknifetoherthroatandrobbedhersavings.4.Hewasamanwholikedto,butneve

rsucceededinanything.5.Thisnewmethodshouldwork,eventhoughitdoesn’tworkinreality.6.Thereisnodenyingthatmoreandmoreartificialintelligencewillinourdaily

life.7.Activitiesavailableincludesquash,archeryandswimming,.8.Ittakesmealongtimetodropmyguardandpeople.9.Thelongerapers

onhassmoked,thegreaterbecomeshisliabilitytolungcancer.10.Moreandmoreyoungpeoplearethinkingcreativelytomaketheirdream

s.Ⅲ.完成句子1.借给他五百美元的那个人昨天离开纽约去伦敦了。ThemanfivehundreddollarsleftNewYorkforLondonyesterday.2.大学的目标是帮助学生实现他们的梦想。Thecollege’saimis.3.天气这么闷热,十之八九要下雨

。,tentooneit’llrainpresently.4.有些科学家表示了担忧,认为这种病可能传染给人类。Somescientistshavevoicedconcern.5.他想出的处理这个问题的方法是非常重要的。Thewaytodealwiththeproblemwa

sofgreatimportance.6.显然,网上的一些汉语课程有助于你适应汉语环境。someonlinecoursesofspokenChinesecanbehelpfulforyoutoadaptintotheChineselanguageen

vironment.关键能力提升练Ⅳ.阅读理解A主题语境:人与社会语篇类型:说明文SeveralJobsThatWillBeAutomatedbyArtificialIntelligence(AI)andRobotsTranslatorIma

gerecognitionsoftwareandvoicerecognitionsoftwarearebringingsomemajoradvancestolanguagetranslation.ApplicationslikeGoogle’sWordL

enscantranslatewordsfromsignsanddocumentsinrealtimeandtherearealotoftranslationappsthatallowyoutotypeinawordorphraseandwilltranslateitforyou.Somewi

llevenspeakthephraseforyouandrawword-to-wordtranslationwillbefullyautomatedsoon.FastfoodworkersAutomatedorderingboothshavealreadymadetheirwayintoafe

wMcDonald’srestaurantsaroundtheworld,andcookingpositionscouldberemovednext.Theboothsprobablycan’thandlecustomerserviceproblemswell,sotele

videosystemscouldbringinanofficeemployeetodealwithcomplaints.FieldtechnicianNewadvancesintheInternetofTh

ingscouldmakethisworkabandoned.Low-costsensorscombinedwithhighavailabilitycellular/satellitecommunicationsandcloudtechnologyarebeingstar

tedtoautomateandalarmthesesites,andcanbecheckedandmaintainedfromadesktopormobiledevice.SalesrepresentativeBut,e-commerceisc

hanginghowwemakepurchasingdecisions,especiallythosewherethereisn’tmuchdifferentiation(区分度)amongthemajorcompetitors.Ifyou’reselli

ngahigh-differentiationproductorahigh-price,low-volume(体积)product,youhavesomejobsecurity,butifyou’resellingahigh-volume,low-differentiationproduct,

youbetterstartpolishingyourresume,saidDougCamplejohn,CEOofFliptop.“Thesekindofproductsalesareallmovingonline.”1.Google’sWor

dLenscan.A.makereal-timetranslationB.speakthephraseorwordforyouC.translatebyimageandvoicerecognitionsoftwareD.al

lowyoutotypeinawordorphrase2.Whatcanweinferfromthesecondpart?A.Alltherestaurantsownautomatedorderingbooths.B.Serviceprobl

emscan’tbehandledautomatically.C.CookswillnotbeautomatedbyAIandrobots.D.Customerswillhavenocomplaintsb

ecauseofAI.3.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“youbetterstartpolishingyourresume”inthelastparagraph?A.Youmustvalueyourpresentwork.B.Youh

avesomejobsecurity.C.Youshouldconsiderchangingthejob.D.Yourresumeneedscorrectingfurther.B主题语境:人与社会语篇类型

:说明文TheGoogleBrainteamhasbeenworkingoncomputingsystemscalled“neuralnetworks”—systemsthatweredesignedbasedonhowneuronsworkinthehumanbrai

n.Thistime,theygaveamissiontothreeoftheneuralnetworks,whichtheynamedAlice,BobandEve.Eachofthenetworkshad

itsownjob—AlicesentmessagestoBob,Evetriedto“eavesdrop(偷听)”andfindoutthemessages,andAliceandBobhadtofigureoutawa

ytohidethemessagesfromEve.AllthehelpthatAliceandBobgotfromtheresearchersbeforethemissionbeganwasmadeupofasetofnumbers,whichEvedidn’thaveaccess

to.Atfirst,Alicewasnotverygoodatsendingsecretmessages.Butslowlyitworkedonawaytoencrypt(加密)them—putti

nginformationintoaspecialcodesothatotherscouldnotunderstanditiftheygottheinformation—usingthenumbersgivenbyresearchers.Andafterp

ractice,Bobalsocametobeabletodecrypt(解密)Alice’smessages.Withoutthenumbersorkeys,EvefailedtounderstandAlice’s“speech

”mostofthetime.Thistestisconsideredabigstepinthedevelopmentofcomputers’learningskills.“Computingwithneuralnet

worksonthisscalehasonlybecomepossibleinthelastfewyears,sowetrulyareatthebeginningofwhat’spossible,”JoeSturonasofUSencryptioncompanyPKWAREtoldNewScien

tistmagazine.Unfortunately,thetesthappenedonlyoneweekafterUKphysicistStephenHawking,whilespeakingatCambridgeUniver

sity,warnedhowAI(artificialintelligence)coulddevelopawillofitsown.Thiscouldbe“eitherthebestortheworstthingevertoh

appentohumanbeing”,hesaid.ButjustasSturonaspointedout,nomatterwhatthepossibilitiesofcomputersareinthefuture,theyarejuststartingout.

Westillhaveplentyoftimetoworkoutasolutionbeforetheygetanywherenearbecomingathreattohumanity.4.Forwhatpurposewasthetestconducted?A.Tostudyhowne

uronsworkinthehumanbrain.B.Tostudyhowcomputingsystemsworkandlearn.C.Tofindoutamoreeffectivewaytokeepsecrets.D.Tofindoutamorepower

fulwaytobreakthecodes.5.Howdoesthecomputingsystemworkinthetest?A.encrypting—messages—code—messages—decryptingB.messages—encrypti

ng—code—decrypting—messagesC.code—messages—encrypting—decrypting—messagesD.messages—code—decrypting—encrypting—messages6.Whatcanwelearnfro

mHawking’swarning?A.AImustbeablessing.B.AIshouldbeforbidden.C.AIissuretobeafailure.D.AIisadouble-edgedsword.7.What’sS

turonas’attitudetowardsthedevelopmentofAI?A.Hopeful.B.Doubtful.C.Puzzled.D.Panicked.Ⅴ.七选五主题语境:人与社会语篇类型:说明文Thea

dventofhigh-techeraisstillbasedonthedevelopmentofhumanabilitytousetools.Fromancienttimes,1Thepositiveaspectsoftheseabilitiesweredugou

tbyhumansurvivalinstinct,whilethenegativeoneswereignoredbecausetheywereinsignificant.Whenorganizedciviliz

ationbegantoappearontheearth,peoplebegantomakevehicles.Onthepositiveside,2Onthenegativeside,theymadetheburdenofsla

vesheavierandincreasedthepossibilityofcivilianuprising.Duringthealternationperiodbetweenthemiddleagesa

ndthemodernworldinthe17thand19thcenturies,whentheindustrialrevolutionwasflourishing,thereweremanygreati

nventionsinthehandsofhumanbeings,suchasthesteamengineandmanyfactories.3Thepositivesideprovidedasolidfoundationforscientificexploration,greatlyenhanc

edthepower,andgreatlyenhancedthecarryingcapacity.Thenegativesideisthattheenvironmentalpollutionisgreatlyaggravated.Inthe20thcentury,mankin

dbegantousenuclearenergy,andtheadvantagesgainedfromthe17thto19thcenturiescontinuedtogrowsubstantially.4Butatthesametime,thenegativeeffectswerealsoi

ncreasingsecretly.Theleakageofnuclearenergymakestheeconomyofsomecountriesfacecollapse(suchasJapan),andaslong

asaterroristhasmasteredthecodeforlaunchinganuclearbomb,humanlifeintheworldwillbeatstake.Inthe21stcentury,thepositiveandneg

ativeaspectsbroughtaboutbynucleardeterrencehavestabilizedandstoppedgrowing.5Butthedisadvantagesareinevitable.Forexample,theInternetmakesmanyne

tizensaddictedtotheInternet,thenetworkcrimeisrampant,andthedevelopmentofartificialintelligencetoacertainextentmayproduceself-consci

ousness,anditispossibletoresisthumanbeingswithitshighintelligence.Asforthefollow-up,wecanonlyseehowhumanbeingsdecidetheirowndirection.A.humanbeing

sbegantolearntousestoneaxestocutdowntreesanddrillwoodforfire.B.Inaddition,nucleardeterrencestabilizedth

eworldsituation,especiallywiththecomingofthenextWorldWar.C.Therearebothadvantagesanddisadvantagesinscienceandtechnology.

Weshouldtreattherapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnologywithcorrecteyes.D.theymainlyenhancedthecarryingcapacityandhadmorefunctions.E.Thepositiveandnega

tiveaspectsincreasedinproportion.F.However,theInternet,artificialintelligence,newenergydevelopmentandotheremergingfieldshavegreatlybenefitedma

nkind.G.Soweshouldresistthebadfactorstopromotethefurtherdevelopmentofscienceandtechnology.参考答案SectionAWelcometotheunit&ReadingⅠ.1.input2.

analyse3.coined4.threatened5.crime6.urged7.demand8.recognition9.theft10.greedyⅡ.1.putforward2.totheiradvantage3.brokeinto4.buildcastles

intheair5.intheory6.comeintouse7.tonamebutafew8.getcloseto9.fallvictimto10.cometrueⅢ.1.fromwhomheborrowed2.tohelpstudentsachieve

theirdreams3.Withtheweathersocloseandstuffy4.thatthediseasecouldbepassedontohumans5.thathehadthoughtof6.Itisobvioust

hatⅣ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个可以被人工智能和机器人自动操作的工作。1.A细节理解题。根据Translator中的“ApplicationslikeGoogle’sWordLenscantranslatewordsfro

msignsanddocumentsinrealtimeandtherearealotoftranslationappsthatallowyoutotypeinawordorphraseandwilltranslateitf

oryou.”可知,谷歌的WordLens可以进行实时翻译。故选A项。2.B细节理解题。根据第二部分中的“Theboothsprobablycan’thandlecustomerserviceproblemswell,sotelevideosystemscouldbringinan

officeemployeetodealwithcomplaints.”可知,自动订餐亭的服务问题不能自动处理。故选B项。3.C句意猜测题。由最后一段“Ifyou’resellingahigh-differentiationproductorahig

h-price,low-volume(体积)product,youhavesomejobsecurity,butifyou’resellingahigh-volume,low-differentiationproduct,youb

etterstartpolishingyourresume”中的转折连词but可知,“youbetterstartpolishingyourresume”的意思应该与“youhavesomejobsecurity”相反,所以该句暗含的意思是“你应

该考虑改变工作”。故选C项。【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了谷歌智囊团做了一项测试研究“神经网络”计算系统,这项测试被认为是计算机学习技能发展的一大步。4.B推理判断题。根据第一段内容和第四段中“Thistestisconsideredabigstepinthedeve

lopmentofcomputers’learningskills.”可知,进行测试的目的是研究计算机系统如何工作和学习。故选B项。5.B细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知,计算系统在测试中工作的过程是:得到信息——

加密——生成代码——解密——得到信息。故选B项。6.D推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知,霍金的话表明人工智能是一把双刃剑。故选D项。7.A推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,斯图纳斯对人工智能的发展持充满希望的

态度。故选A项。Ⅴ.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章讲述了科技发展的历史,说明高科技时代的到来仍然是基于人类使用工具能力的发展,并阐述了不同阶段科技发展的优缺点。1.A空格前是逗号,讲述古代人们运用工具的情况,首字

母不大写,确定A、D项。A项中的“usestoneaxestocutdowntreesanddrillwoodforfire”对应下文的“theseabilities”,且与第一段的“humanabilitytousetools”呼应。故选A项。2.D空格前是逗号,所

填句子首字母不大写,确定A、D项。根据“Onthepositiveside”可知,此处描述人们制作交通工具的积极影响,D项中的“enhancedthecarryingcapacityandhadmorefunctions”说明了其积极作用,与下文的“Onthenegativeside”相互呼应。

故选D项。3.E上文说明17、19世纪人类有许多发明,下文说明了这些发明的积极作用和消极作用都提高了,因此推断空格处承上启下,故E项“积极方面和消极方面都按比例增加”符合语境。故选E项。4.B上文说明核能的出现以及优势大幅度增加,下文说明其消极影响也大

幅度提高。因此推断空格处也是在讲述核能的优势,B项中的“Inaddition”与上文构成递进关系,继续说明核能的益处,即“nucleardeterrencestabilizedtheworldsituation”。故选B项。5.F下文说明互联网带来的不利之

处,由But可推断,空格处说明互联网、人工智能等的积极的影响,F项“然而,互联网、人工智能、新能源开发等新兴领域给人类带来了巨大的利益”与下文的举例一致,且“greatlybenefitedmankind”说明了它们的好处,与下文是转折关系。故选F项。