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Unit4LivingwithtechnologySectionAWelcometotheunit&Reading必备知识基础练Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Therehasbeenabig(投入)ofresourcesintotheprojectf

romindustry.2.Weshoulddevelopthestudents’abilityto(分析)andsolveproblems.3.Theterm“cardboardcity”was(创造)todescribecommunitiesofhomelesspeoplelivingi

ncardboardboxes.4.Theattacker(威胁)mewithagun.5.Storesspendmoreandmoreon(罪行)preventioneveryyear.6.Theofficial(敦促)thegovernmentnottopassuptheoppo

rtunitythathasnowpresenteditself.7.Whilethemodellingbusinessisbynomeanseasytogetinto,thegoodmodel,maleorfemale,willalwaysbein(需要).8.Heglan

cedbrieflytowardsherbuttherewasnosignof(认出).9.Policeareinvestigatingthe(盗窃)ofcomputersfromthecompany’soffices.10.Whatisthedifferencebetweenahungryman

anda(贪心的)man?Ⅱ.短语填空buildcastlesintheair,cometrue,putforward,tonamebutafew,getcloseto,toone’sadvantage,fallvictim

to,comeintouse,intheory,breakinto1.Differenthypotheseshavebeentoexplainwhythesefoodsaremorelikelytocauseproblems.2.Local

sareprettyexpertatturningthesun,usingittogeneratesolarpower.3.Tworobbersherhome,heldaknifetoherthroatandrobbedher

savings.4.Hewasamanwholikedto,butneversucceededinanything.5.Thisnewmethodshouldwork,eventhoughitdoesn

’tworkinreality.6.Thereisnodenyingthatmoreandmoreartificialintelligencewillinourdailylife.7.Activitiesavaila

bleincludesquash,archeryandswimming,.8.Ittakesmealongtimetodropmyguardandpeople.9.Thelongerapersonhassmoked,thegreaterbecomesh

isliabilitytolungcancer.10.Moreandmoreyoungpeoplearethinkingcreativelytomaketheirdreams.Ⅲ.完成句子1.借给他五百美元的那个人昨天离开

纽约去伦敦了。ThemanfivehundreddollarsleftNewYorkforLondonyesterday.2.大学的目标是帮助学生实现他们的梦想。Thecollege’saimis.3.天气这么闷热,十之八九要下雨。,tentooneit’llrainpresently.4

.有些科学家表示了担忧,认为这种病可能传染给人类。Somescientistshavevoicedconcern.5.他想出的处理这个问题的方法是非常重要的。Thewaytodealwiththeprob

lemwasofgreatimportance.6.显然,网上的一些汉语课程有助于你适应汉语环境。someonlinecoursesofspokenChinesecanbehelpfulforyoutoadaptintotheChineselanguageenvironment.关键能力提升练Ⅳ

.阅读理解A主题语境:人与社会语篇类型:说明文SeveralJobsThatWillBeAutomatedbyArtificialIntelligence(AI)andRobotsTranslatorImagerecognitionsoftwareandvoicerecognitionsoftwa

rearebringingsomemajoradvancestolanguagetranslation.ApplicationslikeGoogle’sWordLenscantranslatewordsfromsignsanddoc

umentsinrealtimeandtherearealotoftranslationappsthatallowyoutotypeinawordorphraseandwilltranslateitforyo

u.Somewillevenspeakthephraseforyouandrawword-to-wordtranslationwillbefullyautomatedsoon.FastfoodworkersAutomatedor

deringboothshavealreadymadetheirwayintoafewMcDonald’srestaurantsaroundtheworld,andcookingpositionscouldb

eremovednext.Theboothsprobablycan’thandlecustomerserviceproblemswell,sotelevideosystemscouldbringinanoffice

employeetodealwithcomplaints.FieldtechnicianNewadvancesintheInternetofThingscouldmakethisworkabandon

ed.Low-costsensorscombinedwithhighavailabilitycellular/satellitecommunicationsandcloudtechnologyarebeingstartedtoautomateand

alarmthesesites,andcanbecheckedandmaintainedfromadesktopormobiledevice.SalesrepresentativeBut,e-commerceischanginghowwemakepurchasingdec

isions,especiallythosewherethereisn’tmuchdifferentiation(区分度)amongthemajorcompetitors.Ifyou’resellingahigh-diff

erentiationproductorahigh-price,low-volume(体积)product,youhavesomejobsecurity,butifyou’resellingahigh-vo

lume,low-differentiationproduct,youbetterstartpolishingyourresume,saidDougCamplejohn,CEOofFliptop.“Thesekindofproductsalesareallmovingonline.”1.Go

ogle’sWordLenscan.A.makereal-timetranslationB.speakthephraseorwordforyouC.translatebyimageandvoicerecognitionsof

twareD.allowyoutotypeinawordorphrase2.Whatcanweinferfromthesecondpart?A.Alltherestaurantsownautomatedorderingbooths.B.Serviceproblemscan’

tbehandledautomatically.C.CookswillnotbeautomatedbyAIandrobots.D.CustomerswillhavenocomplaintsbecauseofAI.3.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“youbetterstartpol

ishingyourresume”inthelastparagraph?A.Youmustvalueyourpresentwork.B.Youhavesomejobsecurity.C.Youshouldconsiderchangingthejob.D.Yourresumeneedsco

rrectingfurther.B主题语境:人与社会语篇类型:说明文TheGoogleBrainteamhasbeenworkingoncomputingsystemscalled“neuralnetworks”—

systemsthatweredesignedbasedonhowneuronsworkinthehumanbrain.Thistime,theygaveamissiontothreeoftheneuralnetworks,whichtheynamedAl

ice,BobandEve.Eachofthenetworkshaditsownjob—AlicesentmessagestoBob,Evetriedto“eavesdrop(偷听)”andfindoutthemessages,andAliceand

BobhadtofigureoutawaytohidethemessagesfromEve.AllthehelpthatAliceandBobgotfromtheresearchersbeforethemissionbeganwasmadeup

ofasetofnumbers,whichEvedidn’thaveaccessto.Atfirst,Alicewasnotverygoodatsendingsecretmessages.Butslowlyitworked

onawaytoencrypt(加密)them—puttinginformationintoaspecialcodesothatotherscouldnotunderstanditiftheygotthe

information—usingthenumbersgivenbyresearchers.Andafterpractice,Bobalsocametobeabletodecrypt(解密)Alice’sm

essages.Withoutthenumbersorkeys,EvefailedtounderstandAlice’s“speech”mostofthetime.Thistestisconsideredabigstepinthedevelopmentofcompute

rs’learningskills.“Computingwithneuralnetworksonthisscalehasonlybecomepossibleinthelastfewyears,sowetrulyareatthebeginning

ofwhat’spossible,”JoeSturonasofUSencryptioncompanyPKWAREtoldNewScientistmagazine.Unfortunately,thetesthappenedonlyo

neweekafterUKphysicistStephenHawking,whilespeakingatCambridgeUniversity,warnedhowAI(artificialintelligence)coulddev

elopawillofitsown.Thiscouldbe“eitherthebestortheworstthingevertohappentohumanbeing”,hesaid.ButjustasSturonaspointedout,nomatterwhattheposs

ibilitiesofcomputersareinthefuture,theyarejuststartingout.Westillhaveplentyoftimetoworkoutasolutionbeforetheygetanywherenearbecomi

ngathreattohumanity.4.Forwhatpurposewasthetestconducted?A.Tostudyhowneuronsworkinthehumanbrain.B.Tostudyhowcomputingsystemsworkandlearn.C

.Tofindoutamoreeffectivewaytokeepsecrets.D.Tofindoutamorepowerfulwaytobreakthecodes.5.Howdoesthecomputingsystemworkinthetest?A.encrypting—messages—c

ode—messages—decryptingB.messages—encrypting—code—decrypting—messagesC.code—messages—encrypting—decrypting—messagesD.mess

ages—code—decrypting—encrypting—messages6.WhatcanwelearnfromHawking’swarning?A.AImustbeablessing.B.AIshouldbeforbidden.C.AIissuretobeaf

ailure.D.AIisadouble-edgedsword.7.What’sSturonas’attitudetowardsthedevelopmentofAI?A.Hopeful.B.Doubtful.C

.Puzzled.D.Panicked.Ⅴ.七选五主题语境:人与社会语篇类型:说明文Theadventofhigh-techeraisstillbasedonthedevelopmentofhumanabilitytousetools.Fromancienttimes,

1Thepositiveaspectsoftheseabilitiesweredugoutbyhumansurvivalinstinct,whilethenegativeoneswereignoredbecausetheywereinsignificant.Whe

norganizedcivilizationbegantoappearontheearth,peoplebegantomakevehicles.Onthepositiveside,2Onthenegativeside,theymadetheburdenofslavesheavierandincr

easedthepossibilityofcivilianuprising.Duringthealternationperiodbetweenthemiddleagesandthemodernworldinthe17thand19thcenturies,whenthe

industrialrevolutionwasflourishing,thereweremanygreatinventionsinthehandsofhumanbeings,suchasthesteam

engineandmanyfactories.3Thepositivesideprovidedasolidfoundationforscientificexploration,greatlyenhancedthepower,andgreatlyenhancedthecarrying

capacity.Thenegativesideisthattheenvironmentalpollutionisgreatlyaggravated.Inthe20thcentury,mankindbegantousenuclearenergy,a

ndtheadvantagesgainedfromthe17thto19thcenturiescontinuedtogrowsubstantially.4Butatthesametime,thenegativeeffectswerealsoincreasingsecretly.Thel

eakageofnuclearenergymakestheeconomyofsomecountriesfacecollapse(suchasJapan),andaslongasaterroristhasmasteredthecodeforlaunchinganuclearbomb,hum

anlifeintheworldwillbeatstake.Inthe21stcentury,thepositiveandnegativeaspectsbroughtaboutbynucleardeterrencehavestabilizedandstoppedgro

wing.5Butthedisadvantagesareinevitable.Forexample,theInternetmakesmanynetizensaddictedtotheInternet,

thenetworkcrimeisrampant,andthedevelopmentofartificialintelligencetoacertainextentmayproduceself-consciousness,

anditispossibletoresisthumanbeingswithitshighintelligence.Asforthefollow-up,wecanonlyseehowhumanbeingsdecide

theirowndirection.A.humanbeingsbegantolearntousestoneaxestocutdowntreesanddrillwoodforfire.B.Inaddition,nucleardeterrencestabiliz

edtheworldsituation,especiallywiththecomingofthenextWorldWar.C.Therearebothadvantagesanddisadvantagesinsc

ienceandtechnology.Weshouldtreattherapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnologywithcorrecteyes.D.theymainlyenh

ancedthecarryingcapacityandhadmorefunctions.E.Thepositiveandnegativeaspectsincreasedinproportion.F.However,theInter

net,artificialintelligence,newenergydevelopmentandotheremergingfieldshavegreatlybenefitedmankind.G.Soweshouldresistthebadfactorstopromote

thefurtherdevelopmentofscienceandtechnology.参考答案SectionAWelcometotheunit&ReadingⅠ.1.input2.analyse3.coined4.threatened5.crime6

.urged7.demand8.recognition9.theft10.greedyⅡ.1.putforward2.totheiradvantage3.brokeinto4.buildcastlesintheair5.intheory6.comeintouse7.ton

amebutafew8.getcloseto9.fallvictimto10.cometrueⅢ.1.fromwhomheborrowed2.tohelpstudentsachievetheirdreams3.Withthewe

athersocloseandstuffy4.thatthediseasecouldbepassedontohumans5.thathehadthoughtof6.ItisobviousthatⅣ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章

主要介绍了几个可以被人工智能和机器人自动操作的工作。1.A细节理解题。根据Translator中的“ApplicationslikeGoogle’sWordLenscantranslatewordsfromsignsanddocumentsinrealtimeand

therearealotoftranslationappsthatallowyoutotypeinawordorphraseandwilltranslateitforyou.”可知,谷歌的WordLens可以进行实时翻译。故选A项。2.B细节理解题。根据第二部分中的“Theboothsprobab

lycan’thandlecustomerserviceproblemswell,sotelevideosystemscouldbringinanofficeemployeetodealwithcomplaints.”可知,自动订餐亭的服务问题不能自动处理。故选B项。3.C句意猜测题。由最后一段

“Ifyou’resellingahigh-differentiationproductorahigh-price,low-volume(体积)product,youhavesomejobsecurity,buti

fyou’resellingahigh-volume,low-differentiationproduct,youbetterstartpolishingyourresume”中的转折连词but可知,“youbetterstartpolishingyourr

esume”的意思应该与“youhavesomejobsecurity”相反,所以该句暗含的意思是“你应该考虑改变工作”。故选C项。【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了谷歌智囊团做了一项测试研究“神经网络”计算系统,这项测试被认为是计算机学习技能发展的一大步。4.B推理判断题。根据第一段内

容和第四段中“Thistestisconsideredabigstepinthedevelopmentofcomputers’learningskills.”可知,进行测试的目的是研究计算机系统如何工作和学习。故选B项。5.B细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知,计算系统在测试中工作的过

程是:得到信息——加密——生成代码——解密——得到信息。故选B项。6.D推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知,霍金的话表明人工智能是一把双刃剑。故选D项。7.A推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,斯图纳斯对人工智能的发展持充满希望的态

度。故选A项。Ⅴ.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章讲述了科技发展的历史,说明高科技时代的到来仍然是基于人类使用工具能力的发展,并阐述了不同阶段科技发展的优缺点。1.A空格前是逗号,讲述古代人们运用工具的情况,首字母不大写,确定A、D项。A项

中的“usestoneaxestocutdowntreesanddrillwoodforfire”对应下文的“theseabilities”,且与第一段的“humanabilitytousetools”呼应。故选A项。2.D空格前是逗号,所填句子首字母不大写,确定A、

D项。根据“Onthepositiveside”可知,此处描述人们制作交通工具的积极影响,D项中的“enhancedthecarryingcapacityandhadmorefunctions”说明了其积极作用

,与下文的“Onthenegativeside”相互呼应。故选D项。3.E上文说明17、19世纪人类有许多发明,下文说明了这些发明的积极作用和消极作用都提高了,因此推断空格处承上启下,故E项“积极方面和消极方面都按比例

增加”符合语境。故选E项。4.B上文说明核能的出现以及优势大幅度增加,下文说明其消极影响也大幅度提高。因此推断空格处也是在讲述核能的优势,B项中的“Inaddition”与上文构成递进关系,继续说明核能的益处,即

“nucleardeterrencestabilizedtheworldsituation”。故选B项。5.F下文说明互联网带来的不利之处,由But可推断,空格处说明互联网、人工智能等的积极的影响,F项“然而,互联网、人工智能、新能源开发等新兴领域给人类带来了巨大的利益”与

下文的举例一致,且“greatlybenefitedmankind”说明了它们的好处,与下文是转折关系。故选F项。