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1SectionAListeningandSpeaking&ReadingandThinking必备知识基础练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Itisillegal(hunt)endangeredspecies.2.(alarm)bythesharpfallofthestockma

rket,thousandsandthousandsofstockholderssoldouttheirstockatasacrifice.3.Thetemperaturehereinsummeristwentycentigradeaverage.4.Hedidn’tseemi

ntheleast(concern)forhersafety.5.ForrestGumpisanAmericanfilm,whichisadaptedthenovelwrittenbyWinstonGroom.6.Toourj

oy,thelocalgovernmenthastakensome(measure)topreventhaze.7.Mustweusecreditcardstomakearoom(reserve)?8.Let’sta

kemeasurestosolvetheproblemrightnowandwecanmake.9.Inourchildhood,wewereoften(remind)byGrandmatopayattentiontoour

tablemanners.10.Thechanceof(attack)byasharkisverylittlecomparedtootherdangers.Ⅱ.短语填空makeprogress,remind...of,watchover,dayandnight,makeout,underpress

ure,onearth,adaptto,concernedabout,onaverage1.Theyusespeciallytraineddogstotheirsheepatnight.2.Thepatienthasbeenatten

dedonbynursessincetheoperation.3.Jimissonear-sightedthathecan’twhattheteacherhaswrittenontheblackboard.4.Anoticewassetupinordertothestudentsthecha

ngedlecturetime.5.Ireallydon’tknowwhattheyhavedoneinthelaboratory.6.TomisseveralyearsjuniortoAlice,buthecanhisnewsurroundingsmucheasier.7.Now

adayspeoplearemoretheenvironmentwheretheylive.8.Thecommoncoldisagoodexample:women,,getfewercoldsthanmen.9.IhopetoplayChinesech

esswithyousothatwecantogether.210.fromthepublic,manyregionalgovernmentscleaneduptheirbeaches.Ⅲ.完成句子1.众所周知,他人很诚实。那就是我一直信任他的原因。(Thatisw

hy...)Asisknowntoall,heishonest.allthetime.2.当他回到家里时,才知道出了什么事。(only引导的倒装句)whathadhappened.3.完成作业后,他出去踢足球了。(现在分词短语作状语),hewentouttoplayfootball

.4.随着孩子们慢慢长大,他们对一切也变得越发感兴趣了。(as引导时间状语从句),theybecomemoreandmoreinterestedineverything.5.由于路况很糟糕,我们路上花了很长时间。(since引导原因状语从句),thejourneytookusalongtime.能

力素养提升练Ⅳ.阅读理解AMoreandmorebirdsareflyingtosettleatQinghaiLake,oneofthehighestinlandlakesinChina,thankstotheprotectioneffo

rtsofthelocalgovernment.Coveringanareaofover4,000squarekilometers,QinghaiLakeisalsothecountry’sbiggestsaltlake.LocatedinNorthw

estChina’sQinghaiProvince,thelakeisfamousforthetwoislandsatitsnorthwestpoint—CormorantIslandandEggIsland.Thetwoislandshaveplentyoffloatinggrass

andvariousschoolsoffish,offeringrichfoodsourcestobirds.Theislandshavebecomeadreamlandfordifferentkindsofgroupsofbirdsandhavebeencalled“BirdIs

lands”.EachMarchandApril,wheniceandsnowcoveringtheQinghai-TibetPlateau(高原)starttomelt,over20kindsofbirdsflyt

otheBirdIslandstolayeggs.Duringthemonths,flocksofbirdscoverthewholeskyovertheislandsandbirdeggscanbefoundeverywhere.Visitorscanhear

thesingingofbirdsfrommilesaway.Thesehavebecomeaworld-famoussymbolofthelake.Toprotectthisdreamlandforbirdsandsupportcallsforecologicalprotection,China

setuptheQinghaiLakeNationalNaturalReserveattheendof1997.Meanwhile,theStatehaspointedouttheBirdIslandsandSpringBayofQinghaiLakewerecentralpr

otectionzones.3Inspectorsandconservatorsoftenpatrolthelake,enrichinglocalresidents’knowledgeofrelate

dlawsandspreadingknowledgeaboutanimalprotectiontovisitors.Theyaremakinggreateffortstocallonpeopletoloveandprotectthebirds.Atthesametime,theyha

vebuiltspecialfencesaroundtheislandareatopreventwolves,foxesandothercarnivorousanimals,aswellasillegalhuntersfrombreakingupthebirds’buildingnests,l

ayingeggsandbreeding.Asaresult,moreandmorebirdsarecomingtotheislandsforshelteringandbreeding.1.Whyaremoreandmorebirdscomingtothebigges

tsaltlakeinNorthwestChina?A.Becauseitisgettingwarmerandwarmer.B.Becauseitisbeingreformed.C.Becauseenvironmentstherearegettingmoreandmor

eagreeabletothemtolivein.D.Becausethepeopletherearebecomingricherandricher.2.Whatdothebirdsfeedon?A.Floatingfishandvariousgrass.B.Grassfloatingont

hewatersurfaceanddifferentkindsoffish.C.Saltwaterandplentyofgrains.D.Cornfromthelocalfarmers.3.Whatcany

ouinferaccordingtothepassage?A.Over20kindsofbirdscometotheBirdIslandsbeforeMarch.B.Flocksofbirdsflyuptothewholeskyoverislandstolayeggs.C.Visitor

scanseethebirdsfrommilesaway.D.Thegovernmenthastakenmanymeasurestoprotectthedistrict.4.Whereisthispassagemostprobablytakenfrom?A.Anewspaper.B.Adoc

ument.C.Astorybook.D.Asciencebook.BWhatdoyouusuallydowhenaflyinginsectlandsonyourarm?Mostlikelyyoublowitaway.Butwhatifthatbugwer

ealadybug(瓢虫)?Thenchancesarethatyouwouldletitstay.Whatisitaboutladybugsthatwelike?Farmersoncethoughtladybugswereagoodlucksign.Aladybuginthef

ieldmeantthatthecropswouldbesuccessfulandtheweatherwouldbegood.Thefarmersmayhavebeenexaggerating(夸大)aboutwhataverysmallbugcando,butinfactlad

ybugsdohelpoutwiththecrops.Theyeatharmfulinsects.Actually,itisnottheadultladybugthateatstheotherinsects.It’stheladybuglarvae(幼虫).Ladybugslaytheireggs

onleavesthatarecoveredwithaphidsorotherinsects.Whenthelarvaecomeoutoftheeggs,theyareveryhungryandwilleatmites,aphids,mealybugs,greenflies,andother

crop-destroyers.4Asingleladybuglarvacaneatover1,000aphidsinoneday.Inthe1800s,ladybugswerebroughtallthew

ayfromAustraliatoCaliforniaandsetfreeamongorangetreesthatweredyingfrombeingeatenbyinsects.Thelittleredandblack“eatingmachines”completelysavedallth

etrees.Ladybugsgoabouttheirdailybusinesswithoutworryingmuchaboutanything.Veryfewbirdsorinsectswilleataladybugbecauseitgivesoffsom

ethingthatisdangeroustoeat.Ladybugsalsoprotectthemselvesbyplayingdead.Theyfalloffleavesandremainverystilluntiltheirenemygoesaw

ay.Sonexttimeyouseealadybug,thinkaboutwhatitmaybeupto.Maybeitisofftosaveanorangetree.Maybeitsnextmovewillbe

tofalloffaleafandplaydeadorstanduptoabirdabout100timesitssize.Maybeit’slettingyouknowthattheweatherwil

lbegoodtomorrow.Whoknows?Ladybugsarespecialthatway.5.Whatdoweknowaboutmitesandaphids?A.Theydoharmtothecrops.B.Theyeatmorethantheyshould

.C.Theyarefoodforadultladybugs.D.Theyaretheenemyofladybuglarvae.6.WhywereladybugsbroughtfromAustraliatoCaliforniainthe1800s?A.Toreportthe

weatherforfarmers.B.Toincreasetheirnumber.C.Todoresearchonthem.D.Tosaveorangetrees.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“standupto”inthelast

paragraphprobablymean?A.Playwith.B.Worryabout.C.Getalongwith.D.Fightbackagainst.8.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheladybug?A.Itisacrop-destroyer.B.Itisago

odlucksign.C.Itisalittleflyinghelper.D.Itisabigeatingmachine.Ⅴ.语法填空Ifyougoouttothefieldsatnightinspringorsummer,youcanhearfrogssinging1.(happy)her

eandthere.Itseemsasiftheywereperformingafieldgroupsinging.Thefrogisagoodandusefulcreaturethatbenefitshumanbeings.Theycancatchfast-moving2.(i

nsect).Eachfrogeatsalargenumberofpeststhatareharmfultocrops.Thislittlecreatureisregarded3.“thenaturalenemyofp

ests”.5Butnowfrogs4.(get)fewerandfewer.Thisisbecausetheyarekilledandput5.thetableasadeliciousdishbytheirchiefenemy—humanbeings.Itisashameles

sandcruelact,isn’tit?Thecausethatis6.(responsibility)fortherapidreductionoffrogsisthatfarmersuseinsectkiller

stokillpestsandfrogsgetkilledasaresultofdrinkingpoisonedwaterwhile7.(eat)poison-killedinsects.Somethingmustbedoneassoonasposs

ible8.(save)frogs.Ifwedon’tpunishthose9.sellandkillfrogstomakemoney,thenonedayallofus10.(punish)bynatureforfailingtokeepth

em.6答案：Ⅰ.1.tohunt2.Alarmed3.on4.concerned5.from6.measures7.reservation8.it9.reminded10.beingattackedⅡ.1.watchover2.dayandnight3.mak

eout4.remind;of5.onearth6.adaptto7.concernedabout8.onaverage9.makeprogress10.UnderpressureⅢ.1.That’swhyIbelieveinhim2.Onlywhenhereturnedhomewashe

awareof3.Havingfinishedhishomework4.Aschildrengetolder5.SincetheroadsareverybadⅣ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇时文报道类文章,讲

述了越来越多的鸟来到青海湖,当地政府的保护措施使这个地方成为鸟类的乐园。政府向人们普及鸟类保护法,号召人们保护鸟类。1.C推理判断题。根据第一段中的“MoreandmorebirdsareflyingtosettleatQinghaiLake,oneofthehighestinlandlakes

inChina,thankstotheprotectioneffortsofthelocalgovernment.”以及下文的内容可知,越来越多的鸟飞到青海湖栖息一方面是由于当地政府对于环境保护所做出的努力,另一方面是那里有充足的食物来源,也就是说那里的环境越来越适合鸟类生存。故选C项。2.B

细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thetwoislandshaveplentyoffloatinggrassandvariousschoolsoffish,offeringrichfoodsourcestobirds.”可知,两个岛上有丰富的浮草与各种鱼类,为鸟提供丰

富的食物。故选B项。3.D推理判断题。根据第四五段的内容及第一段中的“thankstotheprotectioneffortsofthelocalgovernment”可知,D项正确。故选D项。4.A推理判断题。通读全文可知,本文讲的是由

于当地政府对环境的保护,越来越多的鸟来到青海湖。这篇文章很有可能出现在报纸上,是一篇新闻报道。故选A项。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。瓢虫是一种益虫,是庄稼的好帮手。本文对瓢虫进修了详细的介绍。5.A推理判断题。由第三段中的“mites,aphids,mealybugs,greenflies,

andothercrop-destroyers”可知,这些都是对庄稼有害的虫子。6.D细节理解题。由第四段中的“ladybugs...setfreeamongorangetreesthatweredyingfrombeingeatenbyi

nsects”可知,十九世纪瓢虫被从澳大利亚带到加利福尼亚州是为了挽救被害虫侵害的橘子树。7.D词义猜测题。由倒数第二段中的“Veryfewbirdsorinsectswilleataladybugbecauseitgivesoff

somethingthatisdangeroustoeat.”可知,很少有鸟或昆虫吃瓢虫。再由画线部分后的“abirdabout100timesitssize”可知,当遇见比它大的鸟时,瓢虫会释放某种物质从而对鸟造成威胁

。故此处的standupto有“回击、抵御”之意。8.C推理判断题。本文旨在介绍瓢虫这种能够吃害虫的昆虫,它们对于庄稼来说是得力的帮手。C项中的helper最符合瓢虫的这一特性。Ⅴ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。青蛙是一种对人类有益的动物。但是现在青蛙越来越少了。这是

因为它们的头号敌人——人类杀死了它们,把它们当成了美味佳肴。所以我们必须尽快采取措施拯救青蛙。1.happily考查词性转换。此处修饰现在分词singing,应使用副词形式,意为“快乐地歌唱”。72.insects考查名词复数。insect是可数名词,前面没有修饰词,应使用复数形式。3.as考查

介词。beregardedas“被认为是……”为固定短语。4.aregetting考查时态和语态。根据语境可知,此处应使用现在进行时,表示现在或目前这一阶段正在进行的动作。5.on考查介词。putsthonthetable“把某物放在桌子上”。6.re

sponsible考查词性转换。beresponsiblefor意为“为……负责”。此处在从句中作表语,应使用形容词。7.eating考查非谓语动词。此处的逻辑主语是frogs,当时间状语从句的主语与主句主语一致且从句

谓语含有be动词时,可以省略从句的主语和be动词。此处为whilefrogsareeating...的省略形式。8.tosave考查非谓语动词。不定式表目的。9.who考查定语从句。此处为定语从句,先行词是those,指人,关系词在从句中作主语,应使用

关系代词who引导。10.willbepunished考查时态和语态。根据语境和句意可知,此处用一般将来时的被动语态。