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UNIT4NATURALDISASTERSSectionAListeningandSpeaking&ReadingandThinkingA级必备知识基础练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Nearlyone(three)ofthenationfelttheearthquakeatthattim

e.2.Inhislifehesetanexampleofbraveryand(wise)forothers.3.Adultsunderstandwhatitfeelsliketobe(flood)withobjects.4.Toenjoythemselves,thechildrendeci

ded(slide)thegrassyslope.5.Firemenhavetobreakthedoordowntoreachthepeople(trap)inside.6.(rescue)thedr

owningboy,thesoldierjumpedintothelakewithouthesitation.7.Thenumberofapplicantsforthecourse(have)beenincreasinginrecentyears

.8.Thepeopleintheearthquake-strickenareaareinneedoffood,medicineand(shelter).Ⅱ.短语填空dodamageto,cometoanend,asusual,b

lowaway,getawayfrom,provide...with,digout,inshock,sufferfrom,inruins1.AlthoughIgotupwithaheadache,Iwenttowork.2.Soonastrongwindpassed

throughandthecloudsinthesky.3.Twohourslater,thesailorsthesinkingshiponalittleboat.4.Thetreasurewhichwasoftheearthwasaboxofgoldcoins.5.Hewassti

llfromwhathadhappenedearlierintheafternoon.6.Lookingatthesundirectlywithoutdarkglassescanyoureyes.7.Thelongcruelwi

nteratlastandagentlewarmspringwascoming.8.Theyhealthproblemsandfearthelong-termeffectsofradiation.9.Aftertheheavyfloodtwomonthsago,thewholevilla

gewasleft.10.Theypromisedthattheywouldtheworkerstechnicalsupport.Ⅲ.翻译句子1.这道数学题太难了,我自己做不出来。(too...to..

.)_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________2.那个男孩有点害怕,因此他让灯整个晚上都亮着。(have...doing)______________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________3.天气

这么暖和,看起来好像已经是春天了一样。(Itlooksasif...)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________4.他们无论到什么地方都会受到热烈的欢迎。(everywhere引导的状语从句)____

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________5.他毕业后不久,就到了一个学校教英语。(soonafter)________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________6.我喜欢早晨锻炼,因为空气呼吸起来很新鲜。(sth.is+adj.todo)_______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____B级能力素养提升练Ⅳ.阅读理解A(2022·上海延安中学期末)Nobodyexpectsanaturaldisastertostrike.Neitherdoesanyoneknowtheimpactitcanhave

onlife.Thefollowingmeasurescansaveyourlifeinanemergency.TyphoonTyphoonsoccurinthenorthwesternPacificOcean,particu

larlyinexposedregionsliketheCarolineIslands,thePhilippines,andJapan.Thebestplacetohideduringatyphoonisasecurebasementorabathroomwithnowindows

.Amust-havedeviceisabattery-poweredweatherradio,throughwhichyouwillhearevacuationordersorinothercases,instructionsonhowtosurviveinyourshelt

erandlearnabouttheweathersituation.FloodFloodsoccurmoreoftenthananyothernaturaldisasterandchangethelandscapedramatically.Theyareusu

allycausedbyintenserainfallslastingfordays.Don’ttrytobethebravestpersonaroundandstayinyourhouse.Onceyouheartheevacuationwarning,leaveforsaferhi

ghergroundswithyourimportantpapersinawaterproofcontainer.AvalancheAnavalanchecanhitwhenyouareenjoyingAlpineskiinginadreaml

ikelocation.Itisveryfastanddisastrous,buryingeverythinginitswayundertonsofsnow.Whenanavalanchestarts,trytomovetothesideoftheslopeasfastasyoucan.If

yougetburiedinthesnow,diganairpockettobeabletokeepbreathing.Waitfortherescueteamtofindyouanddon’twasteyourenergyshouti

ngordiggingfrantically.Calloutwhenyouheartheteamapproaching.WildfireWildfiresspreadatanamazingspeedanddestroyeveryth

ingintheirway.Ifyouarecaughtinawildfire,useawetclothtocoveryournoseandmouthtoensurethatyoucanbreathe.Trytostayupwindofthefireatalltimesandgetcloseto

apondorriver.Staylowandcoveryourselfwithwetclothing,ablanket,orsoiluntilthefirepasses.1.Amongthefournaturaldisasters,whichonerequirespeop

letohideindoors?A.Typhoon.B.Flood.C.Avalanche.D.Wildfire.2.Whatshouldthosetrappedintyphoonsprobablydowhentheyheartheevacuationorders?

A.Gettoabasementorwindowlessbathroom.B.Findsomethingsolidtohideunder.C.Leavetheplacewheretheyare.D.Getat

orchincaseofablackout.3.Whatdoweknowfromthetext?A.TyphoonsoccuronlyintheexposedregionsinthenorthwesternPacificOcean.

B.Floodscausethemostfrequentdamageamongthedisastersmentioned.C.Thosewhomeetwithavalanchesareadvisedtocallouttheminuteth

ey’retrapped.D.Gettingcleanairmattersmostinthecaseofwildfires,despitethedifficulty.B(2021·山东枣庄高一期中)S

tandingontheruinsafterthefirewherehishousehadbeen,PeterRuprechtadmittedthathewasnotsurehoworwhentorebuild.Hewass

tillshockedbywhatAustralia’sincreasinglychangeableclimatehadalreadydelivered:firstadrought,thenadestructivebushfire,thenafootofrainfromastorm.“It’sun

stoppable,”saidMr.Ruprecht,aformerdairyfarmer.“WespeakaboutthewarmthofMotherNature,butnaturecanalsobeviciousandwildandunforg

iving.”Australia’s’hellish(地狱的)fireseasonhaseased(缓和),butitspeoplearefacingmorethanasingledisaster.Withfloodsdestroyinghomesnot

farfromwherefiresrecentlyspread,theyarefacingacycleofwhatscientistscall“compoundextremes”:oneclimatedisasterstrengtheningthenext.Wa

rmertemperaturesdomorethanjustdryouttheland.Theyalsoheatuptheatmosphere,whichmeanscloudsholdmoremoisture(水汽)forlongerperi

odsoftime.Sodroughtsgetworse,givingwaytofires,thentoheavyrainsthatthelandistoodrytoabsorb.ManyAustraliansindisasterzonescomp

lainthattheirgovernment,afterignoringclimatechangeforyears,hasnotyettodrawuprecoveryplansthatareclearandthattakefuturethreatsintoaccoun

t.Atthesametime,theeconomiccostsofachangingclimatearerisingquickly.PhilipLowe,thegovernoroftheReserveBankofAustralia,warnedrecentlythatAustrali

awasalreadypayingaprice,andthatitwouldonlygoup.4.WhyisPeterRuprechtmentionedinthebeginning?A.Toarousereaders’pity.B.Tointroducethetopic.C.T

ostresstheproblem.D.Tocallonreaderstohelp.5.Whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedword“vicious”inparagraph2?A.Grateful.B.Adv

anced.C.Responsible.D.Cruel.6.Whatisthemaincauseof“compoundextremes”inAustralia?A.Governmentinaction.B.Warmertemperature.C.Thelackofmoney.D

.Norecoveryplans.7.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Aguidebook.B.Atraveljournal.C.Anewsreport.D.Abookreview.Ⅴ.七选五(202

2·山东泰安高一期末)Evenwhennaturaldisastershappenfaraway,wefeelforthepeoplewhoaregoingthroughthem.Itcanbemorestres

sfuliftheyhappenclosetohomeoraffectpeopleyouknow.1It’salsogoodtofindawaytohelp.Whenyouturnyourfeelingsintoaction,youcandosomethingthatmatters.Yo

ucanfindoutwhatkindofhelppeopleneedontheInternet.CheckthewebsiteofgroupsliketheRedCross.2Youcanjoinintosupporttheirefforts.3Morepeople-powermeansm

orehelpforthosewhoneedit.Youcoulddecidetodosomethingasafamily.Oryoucoulddosomethingatschool,orwithpeopleinacommu

nityyoubelongto.Planwhatyou’lldo,andmakeithappen.Forexample,ifyouplantocollectsupplies,youneedtopostalistofwhattobring

andwhenandwheretodropitoff.Aftertheevent,you’llneedtodecidehowtogroupthethingsandsendthemtothecharity.4Nomatterwhichwayyouchoose,your

actionhelpsothers.5Givingisgoodforyou,too.Maybeyoufindanewinterestinhelpingorservice.Thinkaboutwhatitmeanttoyou.You’llnoticehowgooditfeelstobepa

rtofsomethingthatmattersandtoknowyoucanmakeadifferenceinsomeone’slife.A.Workoutallthesteps.B.It’sgoodtoplanafundraiserevent.C.Youcanalsogetothersto

joinyou.D.It’sgoodtotalkaboutwhat’sgoingon.E.Youcanalsotalkaboutyourplanwithothers.F.Evensmallactsofkindnessandgivinghaveaneffect.G.Theykn

owwhatpeopleneedmostandthebestwaystohelp.Ⅵ.语篇填空Earthquakesarequitecommon.Infact,thousandsofearthquakes1.(happen)almostateverymoment.

2.,mostofthemaretooweaktofeel.Duringabigearthquake,thereisoftenabignoisefirst.Thentheearthshakes3.(terrible)andman

yhousesfalldown.Asoneofthemostdeadly4.(nature)disastersintheworld,earthquakesoftenresultinmanypeoplebeinginjured

orkilled.In2008,asevereearthquakehitChina’sSichuanProvince,5.(kill)lotsofpeoplethere.Besidesthegreatdamageand6.(d

eath)causedbytheearthquake,otheraccidentssuch7.firesoftenfollow.Morebuildingsmaybedamagedandmore8.(injure)maybecaused.Forcen

turies,people9.(be)makingstudiesofearthquakes.It’ssaidthatabout2,000yearsago,forexample,someoneinventedamachinewhichcouldfindoutthedirection10

.theearthquakewavescame.SectionAListeningandSpeaking&ReadingandThinkingⅠ.1.third2.wisdom3.flooded4.toslide5.trapped6.Torescu

e7.has8.sheltersⅡ.1.asusual2.blewaway3.gotawayfrom4.dugout5.inshock6.dodamageto7.cametoanend8.sufferfr

om9.inruins10.provide;withⅢ.1.Themathproblemistoodifficultformetoworkoutallbymyself.2.Theboywasafraid,sohehadthelightburningall

nightlong.3.Itissowarmthatitlooksasifitwerespringalready.4.Everywheretheywent,theyreceivedwarmwelcome.5.Soonafterhegraduated,hewent

toteachEnglishinaschool.6.Iliketoworkoutinthemorning,becausetheairissofreshtobreathe.Ⅳ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了台

风、洪水、雪崩和野火发生时的一些急救措施。1.A细节理解题。根据Typhoon部分中“Thebestplacetohideduringatyphoonisasecurebasementorabathroomwithnowindows.”可知,台风来临时要求人们待

在室内。2.C推理判断题。根据Typhoon部分中“Amust-havedeviceisabattery-poweredweatherradio,throughwhichyouwillhearevacuationorde

rsorinothercases,instructionsonhowtosurviveinyourshelterandlearnabouttheweathersituation.”可知,当他们听到疏散命令时,那些被困在台

风中的人可能离开他们所在的地方。3.B细节理解题。根据Flood部分中“Floodsoccurmoreoftenthananyothernaturaldisasterandchangethelandscapedramatically.”可知,在上述灾

害中,洪水造成的破坏最为频繁。【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚一系列极端气候灾害,包括它的成因、危害及造成的经济成本等。4.B推理判断题。根据第一段的“Standingontheruinsafterthefirewhereh

ishousehadbeen,PeterRuprechtadmittedthathewasnotsurehoworwhentorebuild...”可知,文章开始提到PeterRuprecht站在灾难后的废墟上以及说的话都是为了引出话

题:澳大利亚的气候灾难。5.D词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“‘WespeakaboutthewarmthofMotherNature,butnaturecanalsobeviciousandwildandunforgiving

.’”中的warmth及转折连词but,wild及并列连词and可知,画线词vicious应为“残酷的,野蛮的”之意,cruel符合题意。6.B细节理解题。根据第四段可知,温度升高导致了这种极端情况的发生。7.C推理判断题。全文描述

了澳大利亚的极端气候灾难,它的成因、危害以及造成的经济成本等,属于实时报道。所以,该文章应出自一篇新闻报道。Ⅴ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了个人帮助受灾群众的方法和措施。1.B根据下文“It’salsogoodtofindawayto

help.”中的also可知,空格处句式与此句相同。选项B“计划一个筹款活动是很好的。”切合文意。2.G根据上文“CheckthewebsiteofgroupsliketheRedCross.”和下文“Youcanjoinintosupportthei

refforts.”可知,G项“他们知道人们最需要什么和最好的帮助方式。”可承接上下文。3.C根据下文“Morepeople-powermeansmorehelpforthosewhoneedit.”可知,此处是指团结其他人的力量帮助受灾群众,所以选项C“你也可以让其他

人加入你。”切合文意。4.E上文“Planwhatyou’lldo,andmakeithappen.”中的Plan对应选项E中的yourplan,also表示并列关系。所以选项E切合文意。故选E项。5.F上文的“Nomatterwhichway”对应选项F中的E

ven,下文“Givingisgoodforyou,too.”对应选项F中的giving,too表示空格处和下文的并列关系。所以选项F“即使是很小的善举和给予也会产生效果”符合语境。Ⅵ.1.arehappening2.However3.terribly4.natural