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UNIT4NATURALDISASTERSSectionAListeningandSpeaking&ReadingandThinkingA级必备知识基础练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Nearlyone(three)ofthenationfelttheearthquakeattha

ttime.2.Inhislifehesetanexampleofbraveryand(wise)forothers.3.Adultsunderstandwhatitfeelsliketobe(flood)withobjects.4.

Toenjoythemselves,thechildrendecided(slide)thegrassyslope.5.Firemenhavetobreakthedoordowntoreachthepeople(trap)inside.6.(rescue)thedrowni

ngboy,thesoldierjumpedintothelakewithouthesitation.7.Thenumberofapplicantsforthecourse(have)beenincreasin

ginrecentyears.8.Thepeopleintheearthquake-strickenareaareinneedoffood,medicineand(shelter).Ⅱ.短语填空dodamageto,cometoanend,asusual,blowawa

y,getawayfrom,provide...with,digout,inshock,sufferfrom,inruins1.AlthoughIgotupwithaheadache,Iwenttowork.2.Soonastron

gwindpassedthroughandthecloudsinthesky.3.Twohourslater,thesailorsthesinkingshiponalittleboat.4.Thetreasurewhichwasoftheearthwasaboxofgoldcoi

ns.5.Hewasstillfromwhathadhappenedearlierintheafternoon.6.Lookingatthesundirectlywithoutdarkglassesc

anyoureyes.7.Thelongcruelwinteratlastandagentlewarmspringwascoming.8.Theyhealthproblemsandfearthelong-termeffectsofr

adiation.9.Aftertheheavyfloodtwomonthsago,thewholevillagewasleft.10.Theypromisedthattheywouldtheworkerstechnicalsupport.Ⅲ.翻译句子1.这道数学题太难了,我自己做不出来。(to

o...to...)__________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________2.那个男孩有点害怕,因此他让灯整个晚上都亮着。(have...doing

)_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________3.天气这么暖和,看起来好像已经是春天了一样。(Itlooksasif...)_________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________4.他们无论到什么地方都会受到热烈的欢迎。(everywhere引导的状语从句)____________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.他毕业后不久,就到了一个学校教英语。(soonaft

er)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________6.我喜欢早晨锻炼,因为空气呼吸起来很新鲜。(sth.is+adj.todo)_____________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___B级能力素养提升练Ⅳ.阅读理解A(2022·上海延安中学期末)Nobodyexpectsanaturaldisastertostrike.Neitherdoesanyoneknowtheimpactitcanhaveonlife.Thefollow

ingmeasurescansaveyourlifeinanemergency.TyphoonTyphoonsoccurinthenorthwesternPacificOcean,particularlyinexposedre

gionsliketheCarolineIslands,thePhilippines,andJapan.Thebestplacetohideduringatyphoonisasecurebasemen

torabathroomwithnowindows.Amust-havedeviceisabattery-poweredweatherradio,throughwhichyouwillhearevacuationordersorinothercases,instructionsonhowtosur

viveinyourshelterandlearnabouttheweathersituation.FloodFloodsoccurmoreoftenthananyothernaturaldisasterandchangethelandsca

pedramatically.Theyareusuallycausedbyintenserainfallslastingfordays.Don’ttrytobethebravestpersonaroundandstayinyourhouse.Onceyouheartheevacuat

ionwarning,leaveforsaferhighergroundswithyourimportantpapersinawaterproofcontainer.AvalancheAnavalanchec

anhitwhenyouareenjoyingAlpineskiinginadreamlikelocation.Itisveryfastanddisastrous,buryingeverythinginitswayundertonsofsnow.Whenanavalanchestarts

,trytomovetothesideoftheslopeasfastasyoucan.Ifyougetburiedinthesnow,diganairpockettobeabletokeepbreathing.Waitfortherescueteamtofind

youanddon’twasteyourenergyshoutingordiggingfrantically.Calloutwhenyouheartheteamapproaching.WildfireWildfiresspreadatanamazingspeedanddestroye

verythingintheirway.Ifyouarecaughtinawildfire,useawetclothtocoveryournoseandmouthtoensurethatyoucanbreathe.Trytostay

upwindofthefireatalltimesandgetclosetoapondorriver.Staylowandcoveryourselfwithwetclothing,ablanket,orsoiluntil

thefirepasses.1.Amongthefournaturaldisasters,whichonerequirespeopletohideindoors?A.Typhoon.B.Flood.C.Avalanche.D.Wildfire.2.Whatshoul

dthosetrappedintyphoonsprobablydowhentheyheartheevacuationorders?A.Gettoabasementorwindowlessbathroom.B.Findsomethingsolidtohideunder.C.Leavethepla

cewheretheyare.D.Getatorchincaseofablackout.3.Whatdoweknowfromthetext?A.Typhoonsoccuronlyintheexposedregionsinthenorth

westernPacificOcean.B.Floodscausethemostfrequentdamageamongthedisastersmentioned.C.Thosewhomeetwithavalanchesareadvisedtocalloutthe

minutethey’retrapped.D.Gettingcleanairmattersmostinthecaseofwildfires,despitethedifficulty.B(2021·山东枣庄高一期中)Standingonth

eruinsafterthefirewherehishousehadbeen,PeterRuprechtadmittedthathewasnotsurehoworwhentorebuild.Hewassti

llshockedbywhatAustralia’sincreasinglychangeableclimatehadalreadydelivered:firstadrought,thenadestruc

tivebushfire,thenafootofrainfromastorm.“It’sunstoppable,”saidMr.Ruprecht,aformerdairyfarmer.“Wespeakabou

tthewarmthofMotherNature,butnaturecanalsobeviciousandwildandunforgiving.”Australia’s’hellish(地狱的)fireseasonhaseased(缓和),b

utitspeoplearefacingmorethanasingledisaster.Withfloodsdestroyinghomesnotfarfromwherefiresrecentlyspread,t

heyarefacingacycleofwhatscientistscall“compoundextremes”:oneclimatedisasterstrengtheningthenext.Warmertemperaturesdomorethanjustdryouttheland.The

yalsoheatuptheatmosphere,whichmeanscloudsholdmoremoisture(水汽)forlongerperiodsoftime.Sodroughtsgetworse,givingwaytof

ires,thentoheavyrainsthatthelandistoodrytoabsorb.ManyAustraliansindisasterzonescomplainthattheirgovernment,

afterignoringclimatechangeforyears,hasnotyettodrawuprecoveryplansthatareclearandthattakefuturethreatsintoac

count.Atthesametime,theeconomiccostsofachangingclimatearerisingquickly.PhilipLowe,thegovernoroftheReserveBankofAustralia,warnedrecentlyth

atAustraliawasalreadypayingaprice,andthatitwouldonlygoup.4.WhyisPeterRuprechtmentionedinthebeginning?A.Toarousereaders’pity.B.Tointrod

ucethetopic.C.Tostresstheproblem.D.Tocallonreaderstohelp.5.Whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedword“vicious”inp

aragraph2?A.Grateful.B.Advanced.C.Responsible.D.Cruel.6.Whatisthemaincauseof“compoundextremes”inAustralia?A.Governmentinact

ion.B.Warmertemperature.C.Thelackofmoney.D.Norecoveryplans.7.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Aguidebook.B.Atraveljou

rnal.C.Anewsreport.D.Abookreview.Ⅴ.七选五(2022·山东泰安高一期末)Evenwhennaturaldisastershappenfaraway,wefeelforthepeoplewhoaregoingthroughthem.Itcanbemorestre

ssfuliftheyhappenclosetohomeoraffectpeopleyouknow.1It’salsogoodtofindawaytohelp.Whenyouturnyourfeelingsintoaction,youcandosomethingthatmatters.You

canfindoutwhatkindofhelppeopleneedontheInternet.CheckthewebsiteofgroupsliketheRedCross.2Youcanjoinintosupportth

eirefforts.3Morepeople-powermeansmorehelpforthosewhoneedit.Youcoulddecidetodosomethingasafamily.Oryoucoulddosomethingatschool,orwithpeopleinacommu

nityyoubelongto.Planwhatyou’lldo,andmakeithappen.Forexample,ifyouplantocollectsupplies,youneedtopostalistofwhattobringandwhenandwh

eretodropitoff.Aftertheevent,you’llneedtodecidehowtogroupthethingsandsendthemtothecharity.4Nomatterwhichwayyouchoose,youractionhelpsothers.5Givingisg

oodforyou,too.Maybeyoufindanewinterestinhelpingorservice.Thinkaboutwhatitmeanttoyou.You’llnoticehowgooditfeelstobeparto

fsomethingthatmattersandtoknowyoucanmakeadifferenceinsomeone’slife.A.Workoutallthesteps.B.It’sgoodtoplanafundraiser

event.C.Youcanalsogetotherstojoinyou.D.It’sgoodtotalkaboutwhat’sgoingon.E.Youcanalsotalkaboutyourplanwithothers.F.Evensmallactsofkind

nessandgivinghaveaneffect.G.Theyknowwhatpeopleneedmostandthebestwaystohelp.Ⅵ.语篇填空Earthquakesarequitecommon.Infact,thousandsofearthquakes1.(happen)

almostateverymoment.2.,mostofthemaretooweaktofeel.Duringabigearthquake,thereisoftenabignoisefirst.Thentheearthshakes3.(terrible)andmanyhou

sesfalldown.Asoneofthemostdeadly4.(nature)disastersintheworld,earthquakesoftenresultinmanypeoplebeinginjuredorkilled.I

n2008,asevereearthquakehitChina’sSichuanProvince,5.(kill)lotsofpeoplethere.Besidesthegreatdamageand6.(death)causedbytheearthquake,otheraccidentssuch7

.firesoftenfollow.Morebuildingsmaybedamagedandmore8.(injure)maybecaused.Forcenturies,people9.(be)makingstud

iesofearthquakes.It’ssaidthatabout2,000yearsago,forexample,someoneinventedamachinewhichcouldfindoutthedirection

10.theearthquakewavescame.SectionAListeningandSpeaking&ReadingandThinkingⅠ.1.third2.wisdom3.flooded4.toslide5.trapped6.Torescue7.

has8.sheltersⅡ.1.asusual2.blewaway3.gotawayfrom4.dugout5.inshock6.dodamageto7.cametoanend8.sufferfrom9.inruins10.p

rovide;withⅢ.1.Themathproblemistoodifficultformetoworkoutallbymyself.2.Theboywasafraid,sohehadthelightburningallnightlong.3.Itissowa

rmthatitlooksasifitwerespringalready.4.Everywheretheywent,theyreceivedwarmwelcome.5.Soonafterhegraduated,hewenttoteachEn

glishinaschool.6.Iliketoworkoutinthemorning,becausetheairissofreshtobreathe.Ⅳ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了台风、洪水、雪崩和野火发生

时的一些急救措施。1.A细节理解题。根据Typhoon部分中“Thebestplacetohideduringatyphoonisasecurebasementorabathroomwithnowindows.”可知,台风来临时要求人们待在室内。2.

C推理判断题。根据Typhoon部分中“Amust-havedeviceisabattery-poweredweatherradio,throughwhichyouwillhearevacuationo

rdersorinothercases,instructionsonhowtosurviveinyourshelterandlearnabouttheweathersituation.”可知,当他们听到疏散命令时,那些被困在台风中的人可能离开他们所在的地方。3.B

细节理解题。根据Flood部分中“Floodsoccurmoreoftenthananyothernaturaldisasterandchangethelandscapedramatically.”可知,在上述灾害中,洪水造成的破坏最为频繁。【语篇解

读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚一系列极端气候灾害,包括它的成因、危害及造成的经济成本等。4.B推理判断题。根据第一段的“Standingontheruinsafterthefirewherehishousehadbeen,PeterRuprechtadmittedt

hathewasnotsurehoworwhentorebuild...”可知,文章开始提到PeterRuprecht站在灾难后的废墟上以及说的话都是为了引出话题:澳大利亚的气候灾难。5.D词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“‘WespeakaboutthewarmthofMother

Nature,butnaturecanalsobeviciousandwildandunforgiving.’”中的warmth及转折连词but,wild及并列连词and可知,画线词vicious应为“残酷的,野蛮的”之

意,cruel符合题意。6.B细节理解题。根据第四段可知,温度升高导致了这种极端情况的发生。7.C推理判断题。全文描述了澳大利亚的极端气候灾难,它的成因、危害以及造成的经济成本等,属于实时报道。所以,该文章应出自一篇新闻报道。Ⅴ.【语篇解读

】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了个人帮助受灾群众的方法和措施。1.B根据下文“It’salsogoodtofindawaytohelp.”中的also可知,空格处句式与此句相同。选项B“计划一个筹款活动是很好的。”切合文意。2.G根据上文“Checkth

ewebsiteofgroupsliketheRedCross.”和下文“Youcanjoinintosupporttheirefforts.”可知,G项“他们知道人们最需要什么和最好的帮助方式。”可承接上下文。3.C根据下文“Morepeople-powermeansmor

ehelpforthosewhoneedit.”可知,此处是指团结其他人的力量帮助受灾群众,所以选项C“你也可以让其他人加入你。”切合文意。4.E上文“Planwhatyou’lldo,andmakeithappen.”中的Pl

an对应选项E中的yourplan,also表示并列关系。所以选项E切合文意。故选E项。5.F上文的“Nomatterwhichway”对应选项F中的Even,下文“Givingisgoodforyou,too.”对应选项F

中的giving,too表示空格处和下文的并列关系。所以选项F“即使是很小的善举和给予也会产生效果”符合语境。Ⅵ.1.arehappening2.However3.terribly4.natural