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题型针对练(三)——段中句类Passage1(2022广西南宁二模)Whereverwego,wearesurroundedbyhistory.Acrosstheglobe,theculturalheritageispasseddownthroughgenerations.Yetwefighta

never-endingandveryexpensivewartopreserveitforthefuture.Andtoday,itisunderattackasneverbefore.Technologyisoftenseenassomethingthatdestroysthepast.1C

reatingcopiesvia2Dimagesisextremelylaboriousandtime-consuming.AItechnologiesarebeingusedtodoalltherequir

edsourcing,allowinglotsofimagestobecross-referencedandstoredinamatterofhours.2AIwillalsomakerestorationandpreser

vationoftheexistingculturalheritagefareasierandvastlysuperiortopreviousmethods.Airbornetechnology(机载技术)isbeingincreasinglyused

inthefighttopreserveourculturalheritage.3LiDAR(LightDetectionandRanging)hasalreadybeenusedtorevealover60,000Mayanstructu

resthatwerelyingundiscoveredinthejunglesofGuatamala,withoutneedingasinglebootontheground.Drones(无人机)arealsobeingusedt

oexcellenteffect,documentingandmonitoringhugeareasandremovingtheneedforallthatcostlymanpower.Humaninteractionwiththemostimportantsitesandarchitect

ureisdoingagreatdealofharm.VirtualReality(VR)technologywillplayaleadingroleinpreservingourculturalheritageinthecomingyea

rs.4VRtechnologywillgraduallybecomethewaythatpeopleexperiencethem.We’llalleventuallybeabletowalkthroughplaces,lookat

(andtouch!)artifactsandworksofartwithouteverseeingthemwithourowneyes.5Effortsinresearch,datasharingandprojectworkwillneedtobepooledinternati

onally.Usingthetechnicalexpertnessofspecialistorganizationswillbecomeevermoreimportanttosustainablypromoteandpreservethecul

turalheritageofcountriesallacrosstheworld.A.Itisbeingusedtosaveandfindit.B.Technologyhasshapedconflicti

nseveralways.C.Butitisnowthemostessentialweaponinthebattle.D.Ourculturalheritagewillbeprotectedviatechnology.E.Thiswillenableev

enmoreaccurateandbettercopiestobecreated.F.Asmoreculturalheritagesitesandobjectsaredigitallymappedandrecorded,G.Whenitmeasuresdistancesby

hittingatargetandanalyzingthereflectedlight,Passage2(2022安徽蚌埠三模)Howcanyoudeleteyourbadbehaviorsandsti

cktogoodonesinstead?1Chooseasubstituteforyourbadhabit.Youneedtohaveaplanaheadoftimeforhowyouwillrespondwhenyoufacethestresso

rboredomthatleadstoyourbadhabit.Whatareyougoingtodowhenyougettheurgetosmoke?WhatareyougoingtodowhenMetaiscallingtoyou?2Cutoutasma

nytriggers(诱因)aspossible.IfthefirstthingyoudowhenyousitonthecouchispickuptheTVremote,thenhidetheremotei

naclosetinadifferentroom.3Makeiteasieronyourselftobreakbadhabitsbyavoidingthethingsthatcausethem.Joinforceswithsomebody.Maybeyou“qu

itsmoking”,butyoukeptittoyourself.Instead,pairupwithsomeoneandquittogether.Thetwoofyoucanholdeachotheraccountableandcelebrate

yourvictoriestogether.4Surroundyourselfwithpeoplewholivethewayyouwanttolive.Youdon’tneedtoabandonyouroldf

riends,butdon’tunderestimatethepoweroffindingsomenewones.5Seeyourselfbuyinghealthyfoodorwakingupearly.Whateverthebadhabit

thatyouarelookingtobreakis,visualizeyourselfquittingit,smiling,andenjoyingyoursuccess.Seeyourselfbuildinganewidentity.Breakingbadhabitstakestimean

deffort.Youmightnothavesuccessrightaway,butthatdoesn’tmeanyoucan’thaveitatall.A.Visualizeyourselfsucceeding.B.Imagineyoucanmakeitintime.C.Her

earesomeideasforbreakingyourbadhabits.D.Yourenvironmentmakesyourbadhabitseasierandgoodhabitsharder.E.If

youeatcookieswhentheyareinthehouse,thenthrowthemallaway.F.Knowingthatsomeoneelseexpectsyoutobebetterisapowerfu

lmotivator.G.Whateveritis,youneedtohaveaplanforwhatyouwilldoinsteadofyourbadhabit.Passage3(2022河南洛阳二模)WhyYouShouldn’tExerciset

oLoseWeightManyofusarestarting(orrestarting)exerciseinthehopeoflosingunwantedpounds.Aimingtobemoreactiveisgood.But

ifthemainreasonistoloseweight,yourNewYear’sresolutioncouldbackfire.1weoftensouronitandstopworkingout.Inastudyof30overweightpeoplewhoparticipa

tedina12-weekexerciseprogramandwereinterviewedafterward,thisresponsewastypical:“ItwasquitedisappointingthatId

idn’tloseasinglepound.2”Perhapsthebiggestproblemwithexercisingtodroppoundsisthatitturnsphysicalactivityintopunishment—apri

cewehavetopayforaslimmerbody.Howmanytimeshaveyouheardsomeonesay(orsaidyourself)“I’lldoextraexercise”aftereatingtoom

uchduringtheholidaysoratacelebratorydinner?3Asaconsequence,we’reunlikelytoenjoyitortokeepdoingit.Thetakeawayisthatweseeexerci

sepositivelyandactuallydoitwhenwefocusonourwell-beingratherthanourweight.Forsome,themotivationmaybeanimprovedmoodorle

ssstress.Othersmayfindexercisemakesthemfeelphysicallyandmentallystronger.4Itcanhelpreducetheriskofheartdise

ase,cancer,colds,etc.Itcanalsoimprovesleep,makeyouenergetic,andpreventaging.What’smore,exercisecanpreventweightgainandimproveyourappearance.5It’

sperhapsthemostimportantthingyoucandoforyourhealth.Buttoimprovethechancesofsuccess,focusonhowmovementhelpsyoufeelbe

tterphysicallyandemotionally—andforgetabouthowitmovestheneedleonthescale.A.Itkindofmademegiveup.B.Sob

yallmeans,trytoexerciseregularlyin2022.C.Whileit’snotveryhelpfulformeltingawaypounds,D.Whenexercisefailstomeetourweight-lossexpectations,

E.Thebenefitsofphysicalactivityarewellbeyondtheseaspects.F.Wetreatexerciseasaformofself-punishmentforbeing“bad”int

hepast.G.Forstarters,exercise,atleastthekindmostofusdo,istypicallyineffectiveforweightloss.Passage4(2022江西景德镇三模)Whenwepresentaspeech,howcanwewint

heaudience’strust?Pleasebuildthethreecapacities.1.Becompetent.1Firstly,wecandemonstrateknowledgeofourtopicbyeitherusingexamplesfromourown

experienceorsharingcurrenttrendsinourfield.Secondly,wedemonstratecompetencybyourpresentationskills.Therefore,we’llpresentaconvincin

gspeech.2.Beconnected.Storiescaninspiretheemotionofouraudience,throughwhichtheaudiencestarttoconnectwithusonapersonallevel.Whatpersonalexamplescanw

eshareinourspeech?2Peopleoftentrusttheirseniorleadermoreifthatleaderisveryhonest.3.Beconsistent.3Wha

tmakesapersonapowerfulspeakerisn’thiscomplexspeechskills.Instead,it’shisabilitytobethesameconfident,authenticspeakeronstageinfrontof1,0

00peopleasheisinfrontofagroupoffivepeople.Doesourmessageconstantlychangeordoesitremainconsistent?4Inordertodemonstrateconsistency

,weneedtobeconsistentlypreparedandconsciousaboutbothourwordsandouractions.Consistencyishowwebuildapositivereputation.T

hesethreecapacitiesarenoteasytobuild.5Whenwetaketimetoprepareaspeechordifficultmessage,trytoaddressthethreecapacitiesinourpresentation.There

sultswillhaveamassiveandpositiveimpactonus.A.Areouractionsconsistentwithourwords?B.Peopletrustclarityanddistrustwhatisoverlyvague.C.Wecanshowourcom

petencyinmanywayswhenwespeak.D.Werecommendaspecificfocusonthestoriesthatshowourhonesty.E.Whileweaddressthiscapacitylast,it’sac

tuallyoneofthemostimportant.F.Whenweputourselvesinouraudience’sshoes,wemakethemfeelheardandunderstood.G.However,oncethey’r

epracticedinourspeech,theywillhelpusbuildtrustwithouraudience.题型针对练(三)——段中句类Passage1【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了科技对文化遗产的保护作用。1.C解析根据空前“Yetw

efightanever-ending...Technologyisoftenseenassomethingthatdestroysthepast.”可知,前面说到了科技的不利方面。而下文内容主要讲述科技对于文化遗产保护等

方面的作用,所以此处与上文应该是转折关系。C项的But是表示转折的连词。C项符合语境。2.E解析根据空前“Creatingcopiesvia2Dimages...andstoredinamatterofhours.”可知,这里强调了人工智能技

术创建副本的重要功能。根据空后“AIwillalsomakerestorationandpreservationoftheexistingculturalheritagefareasierandvastlysuperiortopreviousmethods.”可知人工智能还将使现有文

化遗产的修复和保护变得更容易,而且大大优于以往的方法。E项符合语境。3.A解析根据空前“Airbornetechnologyisbeingincreasinglyusedinthefighttopreserveourculturalheritage.”可知,这里说到了

技术正在被应用。以及空后“LiDAR(LightDetectionandRanging)hasalreadybeen...withoutneedingasinglebootontheground.”是应用科技保护文化遗产的例子。A项符合语境

。4.F解析根据空前“Humaninteractionwiththemost...ourculturalheritageinthecomingyears.”可知,VR技术可以帮助降低人类对文化遗址的交互危害。根据空后“VRtechnologywillgrad

uallybecomethewaythatpeopleexperiencethem.”可知VR技术将逐渐成为人们体验它们的方式。下文的them和F项中的sites对应,F项符合语境。5.D解析根据空后“Effortsi

nresearch...ofcountriesallacrosstheworld.”可知,国际共同努力才能保护越来越多的文化遗产。空后的Efforts指的是保护文化遗产。D项符合语境。Passage2【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章对如何消除自己的坏习惯而坚持好的习惯给出了四条建议。坚持

下去需要时间和努力,之后就会获得成功。1.C解析下文“Chooseasubstituteforyourbadhabit.”“Cutoutasmanytriggersaspossible.”“Joinforceswithsomebody.”以及第五个空都是祈使句开头,给出了建议。C项呼

应了下文中的每段首句,回答了上文的问题“Howcanyoudeleteyourbadbehaviorsandsticktogoodonesinstead?”2.G解析上文“Youneedtohaveaplanaheadoftimeforhowyo

uwillrespondwhenyoufacethestressorboredomthatleadstoyourbadhabit.”说明了本段与计划有关。紧接着是两个问句“Whatareyougoingtodowhenyougettheurget

osmoke?WhatareyougoingtodowhenMetaiscallingtoyou?”说明空格处应该回答前面的问题并且与“计划”有关。G项前半句的“Whateveritis”说的是上文的问句的答案,不管答案是什么,且G项中“have

aplan”提到了计划,与上文一致。3.E解析上文“Cutoutasmanytriggersaspossible...inaclosetinadifferentroom.”说明要想消除坏习惯要切掉诱因。空格处应和上文中的例子句式一致列举另外一个例子

。E项举了饼干的例子,句子结构与前句一致。4.F解析上文“Joinforceswithsomebody.”说明本段讲述的所有内容都与其他人有关。紧接着全段中多处提到了其他人“pairupwithsomeone”“Thetwoofyou”“eachother”“

friends”等。空格处承上启下,F项也提到了别人,说明别人的期望也很重要,与整个段落联系紧密。5.A解析空格处是段落标题。下文“visualizeyourselfquittingit,smiling,a

ndenjoyingyoursuccess.Seeyourselfbuildinganewidentity.”说明要想象自己已经成功的样子,以此激励自己坚持改掉自己的坏习惯。空格处为本段首句,给出建议

,应是祈使句。A项与下文关系紧密,且A项中的“Visualize”与下文呼应。Passage3【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了锻炼减肥的错误认知并倡导我们有规律地锻炼。1.D解析根据下文“weoftensouronitandstopwork

ingout”可知,停止锻炼的前提是我们运动没有效果,没达到目标。D项符合题意。2.A解析根据上文“ItwasquitedisappointingthatIdidn’tloseasinglepound.”可知

,本句是超重人士未达到减肥效果后的感想,可知,他们很想放弃。A项符合题意。3.F解析根据上文“Perhapsthebiggestproblemwithexercising...apricewehavetopayforaslimmerbody.”可知,本

段介绍的是减肥失败的原因之一是我们把运动当作惩罚。F项符合题意。4.E解析根据上文“Forsome,themotivation...feelphysicallyandmentallystronger.”可知,本段介绍的是运动的好处。E项符合题意。5.B解析根据下文“It

’sperhapsthemostimportantthingyoucandoforyourhealth.”可知,最后一段是重申本文的观点,要有规律地锻炼。B项符合题意。Passage4【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主

要介绍了赢得听众信任的三个能力。1.C解析空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Firstly,wecandemonstrateknowledge...byourpresentationskills.”可知,本段主要讲述的是展示我们能力的方法。C项中的“compet

ency”和段落小标题“Becompetent.”对应。故选C项。2.D解析根据上文“Whatpersonalexamplescanweshareinourspeech?”和下文“Peopleoftentrusttheirseniorlea

dermoreifthatleaderisveryhonest.”可知,空处承上启下。D项中的“thestories”和上文的“personalexamples”对应,D项中的“showourhones

ty”和下文的“thatleaderisveryhonest”对应。故选D项。3.E解析根据段落小标题“Beconsistent.”可知,本段主要讨论的是保持一致性的能力。E项中的“thiscapacity”和“Beconsistent.”对应。故选E项。4.A解析根据下文“I

nordertodemonstrateconsistency,weneedtobeconsistentlypreparedandconsciousaboutbothourwordsandouractions.”可知,空处

是针对下文提出的疑问:我们的言行是否一致。A项中的“ouractionsconsistentwithourwords”和下文“beconsistentlypreparedandconsciousaboutbothourwordsandouractions”对应。故选A项。