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题型针对练(三)——段中句类Passage1(2022广西南宁二模)Whereverwego,wearesurroundedbyhistory.Acrosstheglobe,theculturalheritageispasseddownthroughg

enerations.Yetwefightanever-endingandveryexpensivewartopreserveitforthefuture.Andtoday,itisunderattackasneverbefore.Technologyisoftense

enassomethingthatdestroysthepast.1Creatingcopiesvia2Dimagesisextremelylaboriousandtime-consuming.AItechnologiesarebe

ingusedtodoalltherequiredsourcing,allowinglotsofimagestobecross-referencedandstoredinamatterofhours.2AIwillalsomakerestora

tionandpreservationoftheexistingculturalheritagefareasierandvastlysuperiortopreviousmethods.Airbornetechnology(机载技术)isbeingin

creasinglyusedinthefighttopreserveourculturalheritage.3LiDAR(LightDetectionandRanging)hasalreadybeenusedtorevealover60,000Mayanstructuresthatwere

lyingundiscoveredinthejunglesofGuatamala,withoutneedingasinglebootontheground.Drones(无人机)arealsobeingusedtoexce

llenteffect,documentingandmonitoringhugeareasandremovingtheneedforallthatcostlymanpower.Humaninteractionwiththemostimpor

tantsitesandarchitectureisdoingagreatdealofharm.VirtualReality(VR)technologywillplayaleadingroleinpreservingourculturalheritag

einthecomingyears.4VRtechnologywillgraduallybecomethewaythatpeopleexperiencethem.We’llalleventuallybeabletowalk

throughplaces,lookat(andtouch!)artifactsandworksofartwithouteverseeingthemwithourowneyes.5Effortsinresearch,datasharingandprojectwo

rkwillneedtobepooledinternationally.Usingthetechnicalexpertnessofspecialistorganizationswillbecomeevermoreimport

anttosustainablypromoteandpreservetheculturalheritageofcountriesallacrosstheworld.A.Itisbeingusedtosaveandfindit.B.T

echnologyhasshapedconflictinseveralways.C.Butitisnowthemostessentialweaponinthebattle.D.Ourculturalheritage

willbeprotectedviatechnology.E.Thiswillenableevenmoreaccurateandbettercopiestobecreated.F.Asmoreculturalheritagesitesandobjectsar

edigitallymappedandrecorded,G.Whenitmeasuresdistancesbyhittingatargetandanalyzingthereflectedlight,Passage2(2022安徽蚌埠三模)Howcanyoud

eleteyourbadbehaviorsandsticktogoodonesinstead?1Chooseasubstituteforyourbadhabit.Youneedtohaveaplana

headoftimeforhowyouwillrespondwhenyoufacethestressorboredomthatleadstoyourbadhabit.Whatareyougoingtodowhenyougettheurgetosmoke?Whatar

eyougoingtodowhenMetaiscallingtoyou?2Cutoutasmanytriggers(诱因)aspossible.Ifthefirstthingyoudowhenyousitonthecouc

hispickuptheTVremote,thenhidetheremoteinaclosetinadifferentroom.3Makeiteasieronyourselftobreakbadhabitsbyavoidingthethingsth

atcausethem.Joinforceswithsomebody.Maybeyou“quitsmoking”,butyoukeptittoyourself.Instead,pairupwithsomeoneandquittogether.Thetwoofyo

ucanholdeachotheraccountableandcelebrateyourvictoriestogether.4Surroundyourselfwithpeoplewholivethewayyouwanttolive.Youdon

’tneedtoabandonyouroldfriends,butdon’tunderestimatethepoweroffindingsomenewones.5Seeyourselfbuyinghealthyfoodorwakingupearly

.Whateverthebadhabitthatyouarelookingtobreakis,visualizeyourselfquittingit,smiling,andenjoyingyoursuccess.Seeyourself

buildinganewidentity.Breakingbadhabitstakestimeandeffort.Youmightnothavesuccessrightaway,butthatdoesn’tmeanyoucan’thaveitatall.A.Visualiz

eyourselfsucceeding.B.Imagineyoucanmakeitintime.C.Herearesomeideasforbreakingyourbadhabits.D.Yourenvironmentmakesy

ourbadhabitseasierandgoodhabitsharder.E.Ifyoueatcookieswhentheyareinthehouse,thenthrowthemallaway.F.Knowingthatsomeoneelseexpectsyoutobebetterisapo

werfulmotivator.G.Whateveritis,youneedtohaveaplanforwhatyouwilldoinsteadofyourbadhabit.Passage3(2022河南洛阳二模)W

hyYouShouldn’tExercisetoLoseWeightManyofusarestarting(orrestarting)exerciseinthehopeoflosingunwantedpounds.Aimingtobemoreactiveisgood.Butifthe

mainreasonistoloseweight,yourNewYear’sresolutioncouldbackfire.1weoftensouronitandstopworkingout.Inastudyof30overweightpeoplewhoparticipatedina12-week

exerciseprogramandwereinterviewedafterward,thisresponsewastypical:“ItwasquitedisappointingthatIdidn’tloseasingl

epound.2”Perhapsthebiggestproblemwithexercisingtodroppoundsisthatitturnsphysicalactivityintopunishment—apr

icewehavetopayforaslimmerbody.Howmanytimeshaveyouheardsomeonesay(orsaidyourself)“I’lldoextraexercise”aftereatingtoomuchduringtheholidaysoratacele

bratorydinner?3Asaconsequence,we’reunlikelytoenjoyitortokeepdoingit.Thetakeawayisthatweseeexerciseposit

ivelyandactuallydoitwhenwefocusonourwell-beingratherthanourweight.Forsome,themotivationmaybeanimprovedmoodorlessstress.Oth

ersmayfindexercisemakesthemfeelphysicallyandmentallystronger.4Itcanhelpreducetheriskofheartdisease,cancer,colds,etc.Itcanalsoimprovesleep,make

youenergetic,andpreventaging.What’smore,exercisecanpreventweightgainandimproveyourappearance.5It’sperhapsthemostimportantthingyoucandoforyou

rhealth.Buttoimprovethechancesofsuccess,focusonhowmovementhelpsyoufeelbetterphysicallyandemotionally—andforgetabouthowitmove

stheneedleonthescale.A.Itkindofmademegiveup.B.Sobyallmeans,trytoexerciseregularlyin2022.C.Whileit’sno

tveryhelpfulformeltingawaypounds,D.Whenexercisefailstomeetourweight-lossexpectations,E.Thebenefitsofphysicalactivityarewellbeyondthese

aspects.F.Wetreatexerciseasaformofself-punishmentforbeing“bad”inthepast.G.Forstarters,exercise,atleastthekindmostofusdo,istypicallyineffectiveforwei

ghtloss.Passage4(2022江西景德镇三模)Whenwepresentaspeech,howcanwewintheaudience’strust?Pleasebuildthethreecapacities.1.Becompetent.1Firstly,we

candemonstrateknowledgeofourtopicbyeitherusingexamplesfromourownexperienceorsharingcurrenttrendsinourfield.Secondly,wedemonstrate

competencybyourpresentationskills.Therefore,we’llpresentaconvincingspeech.2.Beconnected.Storiescaninspiretheemotionofou

raudience,throughwhichtheaudiencestarttoconnectwithusonapersonallevel.Whatpersonalexamplescanweshareinourspeech

?2Peopleoftentrusttheirseniorleadermoreifthatleaderisveryhonest.3.Beconsistent.3Whatmakesapersonapowerfulspeake

risn’thiscomplexspeechskills.Instead,it’shisabilitytobethesameconfident,authenticspeakeronstageinfrontof1,000peopleasheisinfrontofagroupoffiv

epeople.Doesourmessageconstantlychangeordoesitremainconsistent?4Inordertodemonstrateconsistency,weneedtobeconsistentlypreparedandconscio

usaboutbothourwordsandouractions.Consistencyishowwebuildapositivereputation.Thesethreecapacitiesarenoteasytobuild.5Whenwetaketimetopr

epareaspeechordifficultmessage,trytoaddressthethreecapacitiesinourpresentation.Theresultswillhaveamassiveandpositiveimpac

tonus.A.Areouractionsconsistentwithourwords?B.Peopletrustclarityanddistrustwhatisoverlyvague.C.Wecanshowourcompetencyinmanywayswhenwespeak.

D.Werecommendaspecificfocusonthestoriesthatshowourhonesty.E.Whileweaddressthiscapacitylast,it’sactuallyoneofthemostimpo

rtant.F.Whenweputourselvesinouraudience’sshoes,wemakethemfeelheardandunderstood.G.However,oncethey’repracticedinou

rspeech,theywillhelpusbuildtrustwithouraudience.题型针对练(三)——段中句类Passage1【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了科技对文化遗产的保护作用。1.C解析根据空前“Yetwefightaneve

r-ending...Technologyisoftenseenassomethingthatdestroysthepast.”可知,前面说到了科技的不利方面。而下文内容主要讲述科技对于文化遗产保护等方面的

作用,所以此处与上文应该是转折关系。C项的But是表示转折的连词。C项符合语境。2.E解析根据空前“Creatingcopiesvia2Dimages...andstoredinamatterofhours.”可知,这里强调了人

工智能技术创建副本的重要功能。根据空后“AIwillalsomakerestorationandpreservationoftheexistingculturalheritagefareasierandvastlysup

eriortopreviousmethods.”可知人工智能还将使现有文化遗产的修复和保护变得更容易,而且大大优于以往的方法。E项符合语境。3.A解析根据空前“Airbornetechnologyisbeingincr

easinglyusedinthefighttopreserveourculturalheritage.”可知,这里说到了技术正在被应用。以及空后“LiDAR(LightDetectionandRanging)hasalread

ybeen...withoutneedingasinglebootontheground.”是应用科技保护文化遗产的例子。A项符合语境。4.F解析根据空前“Humaninteractionwiththemost...ourculturalheritageinthecomingyea

rs.”可知,VR技术可以帮助降低人类对文化遗址的交互危害。根据空后“VRtechnologywillgraduallybecomethewaythatpeopleexperiencethem.”可知

VR技术将逐渐成为人们体验它们的方式。下文的them和F项中的sites对应,F项符合语境。5.D解析根据空后“Effortsinresearch...ofcountriesallacrosstheworld.”可知,国际共同努力才能保护越来越多的文化遗产。空后

的Efforts指的是保护文化遗产。D项符合语境。Passage2【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章对如何消除自己的坏习惯而坚持好的习惯给出了四条建议。坚持下去需要时间和努力,之后就会获得成功。1.C解析下文“Cho

oseasubstituteforyourbadhabit.”“Cutoutasmanytriggersaspossible.”“Joinforceswithsomebody.”以及第五个空都是祈使句开头,

给出了建议。C项呼应了下文中的每段首句,回答了上文的问题“Howcanyoudeleteyourbadbehaviorsandsticktogoodonesinstead?”2.G解析上文“Youneedtohaveaplana

headoftimeforhowyouwillrespondwhenyoufacethestressorboredomthatleadstoyourbadhabit.”说明了本段与计划有关。紧接着是两个问句“Whatareyougoingtodowhenyougettheurgetosmoke?W

hatareyougoingtodowhenMetaiscallingtoyou?”说明空格处应该回答前面的问题并且与“计划”有关。G项前半句的“Whateveritis”说的是上文的问句的答案,不管答案是什么,且G项中“haveaplan”提到了计划,与上文一致。3.E解析上文“Cu

toutasmanytriggersaspossible...inaclosetinadifferentroom.”说明要想消除坏习惯要切掉诱因。空格处应和上文中的例子句式一致列举另外一个例子。E项举了饼干的例子,句子结构与前句一致。4.F解析上文“Joinforceswithsome

body.”说明本段讲述的所有内容都与其他人有关。紧接着全段中多处提到了其他人“pairupwithsomeone”“Thetwoofyou”“eachother”“friends”等。空格处承上启下,F项也提到了别人,说明

别人的期望也很重要,与整个段落联系紧密。5.A解析空格处是段落标题。下文“visualizeyourselfquittingit,smiling,andenjoyingyoursuccess.Seeyourselfbuildinganewidentity.”说明要想象自己已经成功

的样子,以此激励自己坚持改掉自己的坏习惯。空格处为本段首句,给出建议,应是祈使句。A项与下文关系紧密,且A项中的“Visualize”与下文呼应。Passage3【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了锻炼减肥的错误认知并倡导我们

有规律地锻炼。1.D解析根据下文“weoftensouronitandstopworkingout”可知,停止锻炼的前提是我们运动没有效果,没达到目标。D项符合题意。2.A解析根据上文“ItwasquitedisappointingthatI

didn’tloseasinglepound.”可知,本句是超重人士未达到减肥效果后的感想,可知,他们很想放弃。A项符合题意。3.F解析根据上文“Perhapsthebiggestproblemwithexercising...apricewehavetopayforas

limmerbody.”可知,本段介绍的是减肥失败的原因之一是我们把运动当作惩罚。F项符合题意。4.E解析根据上文“Forsome,themotivation...feelphysicallyandment

allystronger.”可知,本段介绍的是运动的好处。E项符合题意。5.B解析根据下文“It’sperhapsthemostimportantthingyoucandoforyourhealth.”可知,最后一

段是重申本文的观点,要有规律地锻炼。B项符合题意。Passage4【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了赢得听众信任的三个能力。1.C解析空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Firstly,wecandemonstrateknowledge...byourpr

esentationskills.”可知,本段主要讲述的是展示我们能力的方法。C项中的“competency”和段落小标题“Becompetent.”对应。故选C项。2.D解析根据上文“Whatpersonalexamplescanweshareinourspeech?”和下文“Peopleof

tentrusttheirseniorleadermoreifthatleaderisveryhonest.”可知,空处承上启下。D项中的“thestories”和上文的“personalexamples”对应,D项中的“sh

owourhonesty”和下文的“thatleaderisveryhonest”对应。故选D项。3.E解析根据段落小标题“Beconsistent.”可知,本段主要讨论的是保持一致性的能力。E项中的“thiscapacity”和“Beconsistent.”对应。故选E项。4

.A解析根据下文“Inordertodemonstrateconsistency,weneedtobeconsistentlypreparedandconsciousaboutbothourwordsandouractions.”可知,空处是针对下文提出的疑问

:我们的言行是否一致。A项中的“ouractionsconsistentwithourwords”和下文“beconsistentlypreparedandconsciousaboutbothourwordsandoura

ctions”对应。故选A项。