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必修第三册Unit2MoralsandVirtues高考题型组合练Ⅰ.阅读理解AAn89-year-oldman，ManfredSteiner，hasreachedagoalhespent20yearsworkingtoward

andnearlyalifetimethinkingabout：earninghisPhD.Andnowheisaphysicist.Steinervaluesthisdegreebecauseitiswhathealwayswantedandbecauseheovercamehea

lthproblemsthatcouldhaveaffectedhisstudies.“ButImadeit，andthiswasthemostsatisfactorypointinmylifetofinishit，”hesaid.Wh

enhewasyoung，SteinerwantedtobecomeaphysicistafterreadingaboutAlbertEinstein.Buthismotherandunclepersuadedhimthatstudyingmedici

newouldbeabetterchoice.Heearnedhismedicaldegreein1955andmovedtotheUSsoonafter.Steinerstudiedhematology(血液学)atTuftsUniversityandbiochemistrya

ttheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.HebecameafullprofessorandledthehematologydepartmentatBrowns’medicalschoolfrom1985t

o1994.SteinerhelpedestablisharesearchprograminhematologyattheUniversityofNorthCarolina.Hedirectedthatprogramuntilheretiredfrommedicin

ein2000.Steinerfoundmedicalresearchpleasing，butitwasnotquitethesameashisinterestinphysics.“Itwassomethingl

ikeawishthatwasneverfulfilled，thatalwaysstuckinthebackofmyhead，”hesaid.Atage70，hestartedtakingundergraduatecla

sses.PhysicsprofessorBradMarstonwassurprisedwhenSteinerenteredhisquantummechanicsclass.ButhebecameSteiner’sadviserforhisdissertation(学位论文)after

realizinghowseriousSteinerwasaboutthesubjectandhowhardheworked.“Hehaswrittenmanypapersinmedicalscience，morepapersthanI’

vewritteninphysics，”Marstonsaid.“Onethingthat’sreallytrueaboutManfredisthatheperseveres.”Aftertheuniversitypublishedastor

yaboutSteineronitswebsite，peopleacrosstheUScontactedhimtoaskforadviceonhowtogoaftertheirdreamslaterinlife.Hisadviceis：Dowhatyoulovetodo.语篇

解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位坚持实现自己梦想的老人的故事。1．WhydidSteinervaluehisdegreeinphysics?A．Becauseitsolvedhishealthproblems

.B．Becauseitwashislong-pursueddream.C．Becauseitmethismother’sexpectation.D．BecauseitwasinspiredbyAlbertEinstein.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，他重视他的物理学位是因为那是

他长期追求的梦想。故选B。2．Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A．Steiner’scontributionstoteaching.B．Steiner’sresearchesa

fterretirement.C．Steiner’sachievementsinhematology.D．Steiner’sperformancesatTuftsUniversity.答案C解析段落大意题。通读第四段尤其根据该段最后两句可知，本段主要讲Steiner在血液学上的成就。故选C。3．W

hatimpressedProfessorMarstonmostaboutSteiner?A．Histakingundergraduateclassesat70.B．Hiswritingmorepapersinphysics.C．Hisstickingtobeco

mingaphysicist.D．HisbeingarolemodelforAmericans.答案C解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知，Steiner令Marston教授印象最深的是他坚持成为一

名物理学家。故选C。4．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeSteiner?A．Activeandopen-minded.B．Enthusiasticandeasy-going.C．Intelligentandwarm-he

arted.D．Perseverantandhard-working.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第一段“An89-year-oldman，ManfredSteiner，hasreachedagoalhe

spent20yearsworkingtowardandnearlyalifetimethinkingabout：earninghisPhD.”和倒数第二段中“howhardheworked”“Onethingthat’sreally

trueaboutManfredisthatheperseveres.”可知，Steiner是一位有毅力、努力的人。故选D。BTheshortfilmPiper，releasedbyPixarin2016，wonthe89thAcademyA

wardforBestAnimatedShortFilm.PiperwaswrittenanddirectedbyAlanBarillaro，previouslyworkingintheanimation(动画片)depar

tment.It’sawonderthathehadthefortunetowinOscarforhisfirstfilm.TheshortfilmfollowsababybirdnamedPiper，asshelearnsandover

comesherfearsoffindingfoodattheseafront.Piperisencouragedtopeck(啄)atthesandbeachbutgetswetthroughwithwaterfromawave.D

iscouragedbytheterriblewave，shehopestogetfoodfromhermotherbutfails.Aftergatheringupthecourageagain，she

meetsahermitcrab(寄居蟹)whoshowshernottobescaredoftheoceanbuttoembraceit.Finally，shediscoversthesecretoftheoceanandfeeds

herselfevenherfamily.It’sastoryaboutfacingchallengesandnotbeingdiscouragedbyfailure.LikePiper，wecanalwaysfindsolutionsand

comeoutstrongerthaneverbefore.SomehowPixarmanagestofitalloftheseintoafive-minute-longshortfilm，withoutusingany

spokenlanguageandentirelybyanimation.Movementsandpersonifiedfacialexpressionsarewhatdrivethisstoryinthisfilm.Muchlikethenaturedocumentary，th

econtinuouspullingoftheshallowfocusaddsthesenseofrealism.Thecleanandclearanimationallowsforeventheslig

htestmicro-expressionstobepickedupbytheaudience.AndthemusicisconsistentwithPiper’semotions，makingtheaudiencefee

lthesameway.ThisfilmandlotsofothersbyPixarmakeuslaughandcryallthetime.Byfittingasimplestorywithsimplechara

cters，weareledthroughchallengestoasatisfyingconclusionforourcharacters.It’soneofthebestshortfilmsinalongtime.语篇解读本文是一篇影评。文章主要介绍了

一部获奖动画短片《鹬》。5．Whatisthestorylineoftheshortfilm?A．Amotherinstructsherchildtofindfood.B．Abirdovercomesfearsandgr

owsindependent.C．Abirdfamilytriestoadapttolifeattheseafront.D．Asandbeachoffersfoodtothebirdslivingnearby.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thesho

rtfilmfollowsababybirdnamedPiper，asshelearnsandovercomesherfearsoffindingfoodattheseafront.”可知，短片主要是讲一只小水鸟克服恐惧，变得独立的故事，故选B

。6．Whattechniquesareusedintheshortfilm?A．Animationandmusic.B．Soundandvirtualscenes.C．Movementsandspee

ches.D．Clearpicturesandvividlines.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thecleanandclearanimationallowsforeventheslightestmicro-expressionstobepickedupbytheaudience.And

themusicisconsistentwithPiper’semotions，makingtheaudiencefeelthesameway.”可知，这部短片主要运用了动画和音乐的技巧，故选A。7．What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardstheshortfilm?

A．Indifferent.B．Critical.C．Favorable.D．Negative.答案C解析观点态度题。根据最后一段中“It’soneofthebestshortfilmsinalongtime.”可知，作者对于这部短片是赞许的，故选C。8．Wh

atisthistext?A．Adocumentary.B．Areview.C．Astory.D．Anessay.答案B解析文章体裁题。根据文章对短片内容和特点的介绍及最后一段可知，本文是一篇对这部短片的评论。故选B。COnpaper，

hydrogen(氢气)lookslikeadreamfuel.Inpractice，thingsaretrickier.Storingmeaningfulquantitiesofhydrogengasrequirescompressing(

压缩)itseveralhundredtimes.Transformingitintoliquidstateisanotheroption，butonethatrequirescoolingthestuffto

－253℃.Eitherprocessrequiresruggedtanks.Overtime，hydrogengascanpassslowlyintometals，weakeningthemandpotentiallycausingcrac

ks.Tanksmustbebuiltfromspecialmaterialsdesignedtoresistthisbreakdown.ResearchersattheFraunhoferInstitute，ledbyMarcusVogt，thinkthats

upplyinghydrogenasgoop(糊状)offersawayaroundsomeofitslimitations.Theyhavebeenexperimentingwithachemicalcompoundthatcanbepumpe

dintoacontainerandthenpersuadedtogiveoffitshydrogenondemand.Theirinvention，whichtheynickname“powerpaste”，looksliket

oothpaste.Itsmainingredientismagnesiumhydride(氢化镁)，acompoundthatwhenintroducedtowater，reactswithittoformhydrogenandmagnesiumhydroxid

e(氢氧化镁)．Theescapedhydrogencanthenberedirectedintoafuelcell，whereitreactswithoxygenfromtheairtogenerateelectricpower

.Themagnesiumhydroxidewasteisemptiedfromthereactorautomatically.DrVogt’sschemeoffersseveraladvantagesoverbatteries，petrolandmoreconventionalwa

ysofhandlinghydrogen.Oneisthestorageofenergythaneitherbatteriesorpetrolcanmanage.Asecondiseaseofrefilling，whichissimplyamatterof

swappinganemptycontainerofpasteforafullone，andtoppingupthewater，whichisstoredinaseparatetank.Athirdadv

antageisthat，unlikeabattery，thepastedoesnotgraduallyloseitsstoredenergyifitisleftontheshelf.Moreover，thepasteitselfisharmless，as

arethereaction’sby-products.Buttherearestillmoretoworkthrough.Magnesiumhydridereactsonlyslowlywithwater.Toovercomethis，

DrVogtandhisteamhavefoundachemicaladditivethatgreatlyacceleratesthereaction.Theyhavealsofoundawaytoensurethatthereactioncanbecontrolledpreci

selyenoughtosupplyonlyasmuchhydrogenasisneededatanygivenmoment.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员发明了一种像牙膏一样的化合物，它的主要成分是氢化镁，与水反应生成氢气，氢气再与空气中的氧气反应产生电能。9．Which

ofthefollowingbestexplains“rugged”underlinedinparagraph1?A．Creative.B．Fragile.C．Tough.D．Enormous.答案C解析词义猜测题。根据第一段画线词后的“Overtime，hydrogen

gascanpassslowlyintometals，weakeningthemandpotentiallycausingcracks.Tanksmustbebuiltfromspecialmaterialsdesi

gnedtoresistthisbreakdown.”可知，这两种工艺都需要坚固的储罐。所以rugged为“坚固耐用的”之意。故选C。10．Whatcanweknowabouttheinventionaccordingtoparagraph3?A．Magnesiumhydridemixed

withwaterreleaseshydrogen.B．Severalchemicalreactionsoccurinthesametank.C．Waterandelectricityarenecessaryinthep

rocess.D．Theremainingwasteneedsremovingwithextrahelp.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Itsmainingredientismagnesiumhydride

(氢化镁)，acompoundthatwhenintroducedtowater，reactswithittoformhydrogenandmagnesiumhydroxide(氢氧化镁)．”可知，氢化镁与水反应可以生成氢气。故选A

。11．Howisparagraph4mainlydeveloped?A．Byprovidingexamples.B．Bydrawingcomparisons.C．Byquotingsayings.D．Byexplainingaconcept.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第

四段中“DrVogt’sschemeoffersseveraladvantagesoverbatteries，petrolandmoreconventionalwaysofhandlinghydrogen.”及“unlikeabattery”等内容可知，本段主要是通过比较的方法来展开陈述的。故

选B。12．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．DreamFuel：HydrogenGasB．NewCleanEnergyC．AdvantagesofHydrogenGoopD．

“Toothpaste”inYourTank答案D解析标题归纳题。根据全文可知，文章主要介绍了研究人员发明了一种像牙膏一样的化合物，它的主要成分是氢化镁，与水反应生成氢气，氢气再与空气中的氧气反应产生电能。所以“‘Toothpas

te’inYourTank”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。Ⅱ.七选五(2023·福建福州期中联考)Practicinggratitudecanincreasefeelingsofhappinessandlifesatisfactionwhiledecreasing

depressivesymptoms.1Tostartimprovingyourgratitudeskill，trythefollowinggratitudechallenges.Reflectonthegiftsofhardship.Therei

snoquestionthatlifecanbechallenging，asthingsdon’talwaysturnoutthewaywe’dhoped.2Itmayseemdifficulttoreflectonchallengingtimesandfindareasont

obegrateful，butinmakingourpainpurposeful，wecanfindmeaningintheexperience.Expressgratitudetoothersinwriting.3Sendeachofthemaquickb

utconsideratecorrespondenceintheformofahandwrittennote，emailorevenathoughtfullycomposedtext.Remindthemofwhytheyarespecialt

oyouandhowworthwhiletheyareintheworld.Asaresultofyoureffort，thoseonthereceivingendwillexperiencethemood

-boostingbenefitsofbeingappreciated.Theywon’tbetheonlybeneficiaries.Writinglettersofgratitudehasapositiveeffectonth

eauthor，increasingfeelingsofhappinesswhiledecreasingdepression，studieshaveshown.4Animportantaspectofpracticinggratituderegularly

isbecomingawareofopportunitiesthroughoutyourdaytoexpressgratitude.Acknowledgeatleasttwotimesadaythatso

meonespreadsasmallactofkindnesstowardyou.Theseactscouldbeadeliverypersonbringingapackagetoyourdoor，acoworkerof

feringassistanceatworkoryoursignificantothergettingyouacoffee.5Whenyoufinishthechallenges，hopefullyyou’llbeinspiredbythemood-boosting

benefitsandcontinueactivelypracticinggratitudeonadailybasis.A．Catchthechancesofactingkindness.B．Noticeandappreciatethesmallstu

ff.C．Thinkofthreepeopleinyourlifethatyoutrulyappreciate.D．Allofusexperiencedilemmasatdifferentpointsinourlives.E．Thebe

nefitsofthankfulnessextendtoboththegiverandreceiver.F．Gratitudetakespracticetorealizeitsfullpotential，justl

ikeanyotherskill.G．Oncerecognizingtheirefforts，youcanconsistentlyshowyourappreciationbetter.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何提高感恩技能给出了一些策略。1．答案F解析上文说明练习感恩对生活

是有益的，下文介绍怎样提高感恩技能；F项(感恩和其他技能一样，需要练习才能充分发挥它的潜力)承上启下。故选F。2．答案D解析上文说明生活中充满挑战，D项(我们每个人都会在人生的不同阶段经历困境)承接上

文，对上文进一步说明，选项中dilemma和上文中challenging语义相关。故选D。3．答案C解析上文建议以书面的形式表达感恩，下文建议快速真诚地用书信向“他们”表达感恩；C项(想出在你的生活中你真正感激的三个人)说

明感恩的对象，承上启下。故选C。4．答案B解析下文建议要注意到表达感恩的机会并且要承认别人微小的善举，B项(注意并感激小事)概括本段主题，适合放在段首。故选B。5．答案G解析上文建议要承认别人的微小善举，

包括陌生人、同事、家人的善意，G项(一旦认可了他们的努力，你就可以不断地更好地表达你的感恩)承接上文。故选G。