【文档说明】2023届高考二轮总复习试题 英语 （适用于老高考旧教材） 专题一 阅读理解 考点分类练10　主旨大意题——标题归纳类 Word版含解析.docx，共(6)页，27.976 KB，由管理员店铺上传

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考点分类练(十)主旨大意题——标题归纳类Passage1(2022黑龙江齐齐哈尔三模)Withnationspreparingtospendbillionstoredesigntheircitieswithanewfocusonc

ycling,it’sworthrememberinghowtheinventionofthebicyclechangedsocietiesallovertheworld.Thepersongenerallycreditedwithinventingthemoder

nbicyclewasanEnglishmannamedJohnKempStarley.In1885,the30-year-oldinventorbeganexperimentinginhisworkshopwithachain-driven

bicyclefeaturingtwomuchsmallerwheels.Whenitfirstappearedatabicycleshowin1886,hisinventionwasregardedasacuri

osity.Buttwoyearslater,whenthenextmodelwaspairedwiththenewlyinventedrubbertire—whichnotonlycushionedtheridebutalsomadethenewbicycleabout30perc

entfaster—theresultwasmagic.Forafewyearsinthe1890s,almostanyonewantedtolearntoride,andalmosteveryonedid.ThekingofZanzibartookupcycling.Sodidtheempero

rofRussia.Butitwasthemiddleandworkingclassesaroundtheglobethattrulymadethebicycletheirown.Forthefirsttimeinhistory,

themasseswereabletocomeandgoastheypleased.Nomoreneedforexpensivehorsesandcarriages.Therocketingdemandledhundredsofnewcompaniesaroundth

eworldtooffertheirownversions.AttheStanleyBicycleShowinLondonin1895,about200bicyclemakersexhibited3,000models.Oneofthebiggestmak

erswasColumbiaBicycles,whosefactoryinHartford,Connecticut,couldturnoutabicycleaminutethankstoitsautomatedassemblyline(流水

线)—apioneeringtechnologythatonedaywouldbecomethebackboneoftheautomobileindustry.By1898,athirdofallpatentap

plicationsintheUSwerebicycle-related.Thebicycleevenimprovedthehumangenepool.Newlyliberatedyoungpeoplerodearoundthecountrysideatwill,meetingup

indistantvillages.Womenwereespeciallyenthusiastic.Theyabandonedtheirtroublesomeskirtsandtooktotheroadingrou

ps.MarriagerecordsinEnglandshowamarkedriseininter-villagemarriagesduringthebicyclecrazeofthe1890s.1.W

hatcanweknowaboutJohnKempStarley’sfirstmodel?A.Itwasinventedin1888.B.Ithadtwobiggerwheels.C.Itdidnothaverubbe

rtires.D.Itwasacceptedimmediately.2.Whenwerebicycleswidelyadoptedbythepublic?A.Inthe1860s.B.Inthe1870s.C.Inthe1880s.D.Inthe1890s.3.Whatarethest

atisticsinparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Thefastgrowingdemandforbicycles.B.Thehugesuccessofthebicycleindustry.C.Thegreatconvenienceof

feredbybicycles.D.Thepopularityofthenewlyinventedbicycles.4.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.HowHaveBicyclesChange

dOurWorld?B.WhichCountryInventedtheFirstBicycle?C.WhoIstheInventoroftheFirstBicycle?D.WhatLedtotheGeneticImprovement?Passage2(2022

吉林白山一模)Microplasticsare“oneofthegreatestman-madedisastersofourtime”,accordingtotheNaturalHistoryMuseum.That’sbadnews,giventheyarealsoeverywhe

re:intapwater,thefoodyoubuy,theclothesyouwearandtheairyoubreathe.Thelargestmicroplasticscanbeseenbythenakedeyeandareanythingunderhalfacentim

etreinsize.Butmanyofthemaresmallenoughtoactlikespotsofdustwhichwecanunconsciouslybreatheinoreatinfood.Thesmallestparticlesarecall

ednanoplasticsandtheyaresmallenoughtogettheirwaydeepintothehumanbody.NewfindingsfromtheUniversityofPortsmouthshowthatthereissomuchsyntheti

cmaterialinourhomesthatwemightbebreathinginupto7,000microplasticparticlesaday.Usingspecialequipment,researchersmeasuredatypicalfamilyh

omeandfoundthehighestconcentrationofitwasinthebedroomoftheeight-year-olddaughter,whoseroomwasdecorat

edwithplastic-basedbedding,carpetandsofttoys.Althoughresearchisinitsearlystage,therisksoftheseplasticscouldbeserious—somestudieshaveli

nkedhighexposuretocancerriskanddisruptingourhormones.Inanimalstudies,theparticleshavebeenshowntoaffectmetabolism,g

utbacteriaandtheimmunesystem,amongotherthings.Itisnotyetknownwhatahealthylevelofmicroplasticsmightlookl

ike,butDrSabineDonnai,CEOoftheViaviclinic,thinksthatmanypeopleintheWestareoverthelimit.Intestsatherclinic,patientsoftencomebackwith

dangerouslyhighlevelsofplasticintheirbodies,shesays.5.Whatdoesparagraph2talkabout?A.Theseriousnessofmicroplastics.B.Thesize

ofmicroplastics.C.Thesolutiontomicroplastics.D.Theeffectofmicroplastics.6.Howdidresearchersdeterminetheamountofmicroplasticsofahome?A.Wit

htechnicalequipment.B.Byreferringtopreviousdata.C.Throughexperiments.D.Byobservingenvironment.7.Whatdoestheunderline

dword“disrupting”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Deciding.B.Disturbing.C.Discovering.D.Defending.8.Whatwouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Newstudyfoundmicr

oplasticsB.MicroplasticsarefoundinclothesC.MicroplasticsarethreateningourlifeD.WebreatheinmicroplasticseverydayPassage3(2022吉林长春三模)Metahaslaunc

heditsfirstpairofsmartglasses,whichhousespeakersandcameras,builtwitheyewearfirmRay-Ban.Theglasses,whichareavailableinarangeofcoloursandstyles,ar

epricedat￡299andwillbeavailablefromSeptember13.CalledRay-BanStories,theglassesfeaturetwofive-megapixelcamerastotakephotosandvide

os,aswellasbuilt-inmicrophonesandspeakersenablinguserstomakecallsandlistentoaudio.Theglassesalsocomewithbu

ilt-inLEDlightstoletpeoplenearbyknowwhentheweareristakingaphotoorvideoandpairwiththenewMetaViewapp,whichenablesuserstosharecontentfromtheglassestothe

irsocialmediaaccounts.Announcingthenewhardware,Metaacknowledgedthatprivacywasakeyissueithadlookedtoaddresswhencreatingthenewdevice.“Aswithanyne

wdevice,wehaveabigresponsibilitytohelppeoplefeelcomfortableandprovidepeaceofmind,andthatgoesnotonlyfordeviceownersbutthepeoplea

roundthem,too,”thesocialnetworksaidinablogpost.Metasaiditwouldalsoofferguidancetousersonhowtosafelyusetheglasseswithregardtoothers.“We’

vedevelopedguidelinesforwhatisandisn’tanappropriateuseoftheglasses,someofwhicharesurfacedrightintheappduringonboarding,andwhi

chareavailableinfullonlineonourdedicatedprivacymicrositeforRay-BanStories.”“Thesetipsincluderespectingpeople’spreferencesiftheyaskyo

utostoprecordingordon’twanttobeinaphotoorvideo,notcapturingphotosandvideoswhiledriving,andturningofftheglassesinprivateareaslikeplacesofworsh

ip,adoctor’soffice,orlockerrooms.”9.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetext?A.Thesmart

glassesaremadebyMetaindependently.B.Theglasseshavemorethantwofive-megapixelcameras.C.Userscanshareco

ntentfromtheglasseswiththeirfriends.D.Thebuild-inLEDlightshelptakebetterpictures.10.Whatcanbeinferredfro

mthetext?A.TheglasseswillbeahitwithMetausers.B.PeoplecanbuytheglassesatthestartofSeptember.C.Thetipsonsafeuseoftheglassesarenotfree.

D.Somepeoplemayfeeluneasywhenbeingcaughtoncamera.11.WhatisMeta’sattitudetotheissueofprivacy?A.Serious.B.Indifferent.C

.Negative.D.Objective.12.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.SafetyGuidelinesforGlassesUsersB.Meta’sReleaseofSmartGlassesC.Privacy

RelatedtoNewTechnologyD.Users’FeedbackonSmartGlasses考点分类练(十)主旨大意题——标题归纳类Passage1【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自行车的发明

历史及其给世界带来的巨大影响。1.C解析推理判断题。根据第二段中“Buttwoyearslater...theresultwasmagic.”可反推,他的第一代自行车是没有塑料轮胎的。2.D解析细节理解题。根据第三段中“Forafewyearsinthe1890s,almostan

yonewantedtolearntoride,andalmosteveryonedid.”及最后一段中“MarriagerecordsinEnglandshowamarkedriseininter-villagemarriagesduringthebicyclecraze

ofthe1890s.”可知,自行车是在19世纪90年代被大众广泛采用的。3.B解析推理判断题。根据第四段中“Therocketingdemandled...bicyclemakersexhibited3,000models.”及“By1898,athirdo

fallpatentapplicationsintheUSwerebicycle-related.”可推断,本段主要是用数据说明该行业的空前繁荣。4.A解析主旨大意题。通读全文,特别是第一段可知,本文主要介绍了自行车的发明给世界带来的巨大影响。Passage2【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。

文章主要说明了微塑料无处不在,介绍了微塑料的大小,以及新发现表明家里的合成材料如此之多,以至于我们每天可能会吸入多达7000个微塑料颗粒。5.B解析段落大意题。根据第二段可知,第二段讲的是微塑料的大小。6.A解析细节理解题。根据第三段中“Usingspecialequipment.

..carpetandsofttoys.”可知,研究人员使用技术仪器确定一个家庭的微塑料含量。7.B解析词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Althoughresearchisinitsearlystage,therisksoftheseplasticscouldbeserious—somest

udieshavelinkedhighexposuretocancerrisk”以及下文“Inanimalstudies,theparticleshavebeenshowntoaffectmetabolism,gutbacteriaandtheimmunesystem,amongotherth

ings.”可知,虽然研究还处于早期阶段,但这些塑料的风险可能是严重的——一些研究已经将高暴露于癌症风险和扰乱我们的荷尔蒙联系起来。故画线词意思是“干扰”。故选B项。8.C解析主旨大意题。文章主要说明了微塑料无处不在,介绍了微塑料的大小,以及新发现表明家里的合成

材料如此之多,以至于我们每天可能会吸入多达7000个微塑料颗粒。可知,C选项“微塑料正在威胁我们的生命”最符合文章标题。Passage3【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章提到Meta即将发布一款新产品——智能眼镜,并且对这款智能眼镜进行了说明。9.C解析细节理解题。根据第二段中“The

glassesalsocome...fromtheglassestotheirsocialmediaaccounts.”可知,用户可以与朋友分享眼镜上的内容。故选C项。10.D解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Th

esetipsincluderespectingpeople’spreferencesiftheyaskyoutostoprecordingordon’twanttobeinaphotoorvideo”可推断,有些人在被镜头拍到时可能会感到不安。11.A解析推理判断题。根据第三

段中“Announcingthenewhardware,Metaacknowledgedthatprivacywasakeyissueithadlookedtoaddresswhencreatingthenewdevice.”可知,Meta说隐私是开发新设备要解决的关键问题,由此可推知,Met

a对隐私的态度是很严肃的。