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2021北京市普通高中学业水平合格性考试仿真模拟卷02英语一、听力理解（共25小题，25分。每小题1分）略二、完形填空（共15小题，15分。每小题1分）阅读下面短文，从各题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。Thelittleboywithbigbrown

eyeswaswaitingforusontheothersideoftheworld.Eversinceouradoptionagencyhad____1____us,I’dbeenhurriedl

ycompetingallthenecessarypaperwork.Imadeitapersonalgoaltoneverdelaytheprocess.OnonelateafternooninJune.Irushedtowardthec

losestFedExoffice.Ihadsome____2____tosendovernight,andIwantedthemtogooutthatday.IthoughtIknewwheretheFedExoff

icewas.Idrovethereastheminutesslippedaway,onlytofindthattheofficewasnolonger____3____whereIrememberedit.Tearscametom

yeyes.Thiswas____4___weallhadasmartphoneinourpockets.Ihadnowayof____5____thecorrectlocation.___6____,Istarteddrivingtowardhom

e.Ifeltlikeafailure,asthoughI’djust_____7_____mynewsontomoredaysinanorphanagewaitingforus.Suddenly,Iwas_____8_____atastopl

ightbyanoversizedboxtruckMyangerturnedto_____9_____whenIsawthesign.ItwasaFedExtruckI_____10_____closelybehindthetruck.What

werethe_____11_____thetruckwouldleadmestraighttotheFedExofficeIwasseeking?Itbrokeoutthechancesweregood.Lessthanfiv

eminuteslater,IsawaFedExsign,andthetruckmadeaturnintotheparkinglot.Ihad_____12_____inmyeyesagain.Ourdocum

entswentoutthatnight.Thetruckdriver_____13_____knewhewasanangelformethatday.Threemonthslater,weflewhalfwayaroundtheworld

to_____14_____oursonforthefirsttime.Wehavebeenwithhimeverydaysince.Miraclesarealwaysaroundus_____15_____weareopentothem.Sometimes,it’sasmileattheri

ghttimeorakindword.Andeverynowandthen,it’sevenabigtruckthatcutsusoffintraffic.1.A.debatedB.challengedC.matchedD.scanned2.A.giftsB.lettersC

.documentsD.postcards3.A.lockedB.locatedC.rankedD.repaired4.A.beforeB.afterC.sinceD.when5.A.findingB.choosingC.des

cribingD.showing6.A.BoredB.DelightedC.DisappointedD.Surprised7.A.comparedB.sentencedC.appointedD.accompanied8.A.keptu

pB.putdownC.takeninD.cutoff9.A.guiltB.panicC.shockD.terror10.A.ranB.aroseC.walkedD.followed11.A.chancesB.wondersC.doubtsD.promises12.A.dustB.dirtC.te

arsD.sands13.A.justB.neverC.exactlyD.immediately14.A.freeB.meetC.beatD.spoil15.A.ifB.althoughC.unlessD.until这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了奇迹的出现。作者

有一些文件要寄给收养机构，想在当天发出去，但是找不到记忆中快递点的位置。在失望之余返回，在红灯处被一辆特大型货车拦住了，那正是一辆联邦快递的卡车。跟着这辆车，作者找到了快递点，并在夜里把文件顺利寄出去了。【1

题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从我们的收养机构匹配到了我们，我就一直在匆忙地完成所有必要的文件。A.debated争论，辩论；B.challenged挑战；C.matched敌得过，和…相配；D.

scanned扫描，浏览。根据上文Thelittleboywithbigbrowneyeswaswaitingforusontheothersideoftheworld.可知此处表示收养机构匹配到了我们。故选C。【2题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有一些文件要在

夜间发送，我想在当天发出去。A.gifts礼品，礼物；B.letters信，字母，文学C.documents文档，文件；D.postcards。根据下文Ourdocumentswentoutthatnight.可知此处表示文件。故选C。【3题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：数分钟过去了

，我开车去了那里，却发现办公室没处在我记忆中的位置。A.locked锁上，闭上；B.located处于，位于；C.ranked排名，位列；D.repaired修理，修复。根据whereIrememberedit可知此

处表示发现办公室没处在我记忆中的位置。故选B。【4题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：那是在我们口袋里都有智能手机之前。A.before在…之前；B.after在…之后；C.since因为，自…以来；D.when在…时候。根据Ihadnowayof8thecorr

ectlocation.可知此处表示那是在我们口袋里都有智能手机之前的事。故选A。【5题详解】考查动名词词义辨析。句意：我找不到正确的位置。A.finding找到，发现；B.choosing选择；C.descr

ibing描述；D.showing展示，表演。根据thecorrectlocation可知此处表示找到。故选A。【6题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：失望之下，我开始开车回家。A.Bored无聊的；B.Delig

hted高兴的，乐意的；C.Disappointed失望的，沮丧的；D.Surprised感到惊讶的。根据Ifeltlikeafailure可知此处表示失望。故选C。【7题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我觉得自己像个失败者，就好像我判决我的新儿子在孤儿院再待几天等着我们一样。A.compar

ed比较，相比；B.sentenced审判，判决；C.appointed任命，约定；D.accompanied陪伴，伴随。根据mynewsontomoredaysinanorphanage可知此处表示判决。故

选B。【8题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：突然，我在红灯处被一辆特大型货车拦住了。A.keptup保持，经营，遵守，饲养；B.putdown着陆，放下，写下；C.takenin吸收，领会，欺骗，接受；D.cutoff切断，中断。根据byanoversizedbo

xtruck可知此处用cutoff表示被拦下。故选D。【9题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我看到那个标志时，我的愤怒变成了震惊。A.guilt内疚，过失；B.panic恐慌，惊慌；C.shock震惊；D.terror恐怖，可怕的人。根据ItwasaFe

dExtruck可知此处表示我的愤怒变成了震惊。故选C。【10题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是一辆联邦快递的卡车，我紧跟在卡车后面。A.ran跑；B.arose出现，引发；C.walked走路，散步；D.followed跟着，听从。根据closelybehindthetruck可

知此处表示跟着。故选D。【11题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这辆卡车能把我直接带到我要找的联邦快递公司的可能性有多大？A.chances可能性，机会；B.wonders奇观；C.doubts怀疑，疑问；D.promi

ses承诺。根据tIt15thechancesweregood.可知此处表示可能性。故选A。【12题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的眼里又充满了泪水。A.dust灰尘，尘土；B.dirt泥土，灰尘；C.tears眼泪，泪水；D.sands沙子。根据inmyeyesagain可知此

处表示泪水。故选C。【13题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：卡车司机从来不知道，那天他是我的天使。A.just仅仅，只是；B.never从不；C.exactly恰好地，正是；D.immediately立刻，马上。卡车司机与我萍水相逢，他也并不知道

我在跟随着他的车，所以卡车司机从来不知道，那天他是我的天使。故选B。【14题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：三个月后，我们飞了半个地球去第一次见到我们的儿子。A.free使自由，解放；B.meet会面，满足，遇见，对付；C.beat打败，避免；D.spoil破坏，糟蹋，溺爱。

根据oursonforthefirsttime可知此处表示见到。故选B。【15题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：如果我们敞开心扉，奇迹总是在我们身边。A.if如果；B.although即使，尽管；C.unless除非，若非；D.until到…时，直到…为止。根据weareop

entothem可知此处表示条件，因此用if。故选A。三、阅读理解（共20小题，40分，每小题2分）第一节阅读下面短文，从各题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。AForgetaboutthe“post-1995generation”.Youngpeoplebornin1995orla

terhaveanothernameinEnglish—GenerationZ.Theyareenteringadulthoodandwillsoonshapeourfuture,whichiswhypolicymakers,as

wellasemployersandmarketers,aretryingtheirbesttounderstandtheseyoungpeople.So,howshouldwepindowntheGenZ-ers?Mostpeople

willagreethatthesinglebiggestdifferencebetweenGen-Zandothergenerationsishowconnectedtheyare.Thisisagroupofpeoplewhowerehookeduptosocialmedia

assoonastheywereborn.SocialmediahaschangedthewayGenZ-ersinteractwitheachotherandhowtheygetandprocessinformation.Theyrea

dnewsfromTwitter,watchvideosfromVine,shareexperiencesinInstagramandpostrecipesinPinterest.“Wearethefirsttruedigit

alnatives.Icanalmostsimultaneouslycreateadocument,editit,postaphotoonInstagramandtalkonthephone,allfromtheuser

-friendlyiPhone,”saidHannahPayne,an18-year-oldUCLAstudent.ItisnotedthatyoungpeopleintheUKarebecomingm

oreactiveinPolitics.Youngpeopleregardvotingasoneoptionamongmanytoshowtheirpoliticalengagementthatcanpotent

iallyinfluencepolicies.Insteadofpartypolitics,theyfocusmoreonsingle-topicissuessuchasfeminism(女权主义)orclimatechange.And“muchoftheengagement

andorganizingtheydotakesplaceonsocialmediaratherthanthroughtraditionalpoliticalstructures,”accordingtotheGuardians.GenZ-ersarealsoculturec

reators.GrowingupwiththeInternethasfreedthisgenerationfromtraditionalculturalexpression.Theyarenolonge

rwillingtolettheircreativitybelimitedbytheirparentsortraditionalrules.“Wedecidewhatkindofcontentwewanttoexperien

ceandchoosehowweexperienceit,”wroteMasback,aHuffingtonPostbloggerandaGenZ-erherself.16.Whatdoestheun

derlinedphrase“pindown”meaninParagraph1?A.Cooperatewith.B.Firmlyconvince.C.Communicatewith.D.Clearlyun

derstand.17.WhatisspecialabouttheGenZ-ers’engagementinpolitics?A.It’stopic-specific.B.Itstressessocialresponse.C.It’sp

arty-based.D.Ithasanimmediateeffect.18.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheGenZ-ers?A.Theyaresociallyresponsible.B.Theyarefriendlyand

generous.C.Theyareaddictedtosocialmedia.D.Theyarerootedintraditionalculture.19.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsGenZ-ers?A.Worried.B.Ambiguo

us.C.Objective.D.Disapproving.本文为说明文。本文主要讲述了GenerationZ这一代的特点，对他们生存的时代背景和现状进行阐述。【16题详解】词义猜测题。根据其前一句Theyareenteringadulthoodand

willsoonshapeourfuture,whichiswhypolicymakers,aswellasemployersandmarketers,aretryingtheirbesttounderstandtheseyoungpeople.(他们正在步入成年，并将很

快塑造我们的未来，这就是为什么政策制定者、雇主和营销人员正在尽最大努力了解这些年轻人。)可知，人们正在尽力了解这些年轻人，因此下文指出“如何尽力了解”，选项D.Clearlyunderstand符合语境，故选D。【17题详解】细节理解题。

根据第四段Insteadofpartypolitics,theyfocusmoreonsingle-topicissuessuchasfeminism(女权主义)orclimatechange.(他们更关注

女权主义或气候变化等单一话题，而不是政党政治。)可知，他们参与政治的特别之处在于他们参与女权主义或气候变化等特定的主题。故选A。【18题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段Thisisagroupofpeoplewhowerehookedup

tosocialmediaassoonastheywereborn(这是一群一出生就和社交媒体联系在一起的人);倒数第二段ItisnotedthatyoungpeopleintheUKarebecomingmoreactiveinPolitics

(值得注意的是，英国的年轻人在政治上变得越来越活跃)和最后一段GenZ-ersarealsoculturecreators.(z世代也是文化创造者)等句描述可见，他们利用社交媒体参与政治，参与文化的创造等，

可推断出他们有社会责任感。故选A。【19题详解】推理判断题。作者对GenerationZ这一代人的特点、他们生存的时代背景和现状等进行了客观阐述，在本文中并没有倾向性的态度表达，可知，作者持客观态度，故选C。BKobeBryantwasoneofnin

epeoplekilledinahelicoptercrashon26,Jan.2019.Hewas41.His13-year-olddaughterGiannawasalsokilledinthecrash.BryantwasoneofthegreatestNBApla

yersofall-timeandaniconinthesportsworld.Inadditiontohissuccessonthebasketballcourt,Bryantwasknownforace

aselessworkethicandincredibledrive.InhonorofBryant’slegacy,herearesomeinspiringquotesfromBryantonhardwor

k,success,andlife.Onachievingsuccess:“Whenyoumakeachoiceandsay,‘Comehellorhighwater,Iamgoingtobethis,’thenyoushouldnotbesurprisedwhenyouarethat.

Itshouldnotbesomethingthatisintoxicatingoroutofcharacterbecauseyouhaveseenthismomentforsolongthatwhenthatmomentc

omes,ofcourseitisherebecauseithasbeenherethewholetime,becauseithasbeen[inyourmind]thewholetime.”Onfailure:“Idon’tmeantosoundcavalierwhenI

saythat,butnever.It’sbasketball.I’vepracticedandpracticedandplayedsomanytimes.There’snothingtrulytobeafraidof,whenyout

hinkaboutitBecauseI’vefailedbefore,andIwokeupthenextmorning,andI’mOK.PeoplesaybadthingsaboutyouinthepaperonMonday,andth

enonWednesday,you'rethegreatestthingsinceslicedbread.I’veseenthatcycle,sowhywouldIbenervousaboutithappening?”Onlife:“There’sa

choicethatwehavetomakeaspeople,asindividuals.Ifyouwanttobegreatatsomethingthereisachoiceyouhavetomake.Wecanallbemast

ersatourcraft,butyouhavetomakeachoice.WhatImeanbythatis,thereareinherentsacrificesthatcomealongwiththat—familytime,hangingoutwithyourfr

iends,beingagreatfriend,beingagreatson,nephew,whateverthecasemaybe.Therearesacrificesthatcomealongwiththat.”Onretiringandfa

cingtheendofhisbasketballcareer:“Thereisbeautyinthat.Imean,it'sgoingthroughthecycle.Imean,it'sthecyclethatisthenaturalprogression

ofgrowth,ofmaturation.Imean,there'snosadnessinthatIseethebeautyinnotbeingabletoblowpastdefendersanymore,youknowwhatImean?Iseetheb

eautyingettingupinthemorningandbeinginpainbecauseIknowallthehardworkthatittooktogettothispoint.So,I’mno

t,I'mnotsadaboutit.I'mveryappreciativeofwhatI'vehad.”20.WhatistheattitudeofKobeBryanttowardsachievingsuccessbysaying“Comehellorhighwate

r,Iamgoingtobethis”?A.ConfidentB.DeterminedC.OptimisticD.Frightened21.Theword“cavalier”inthe3rdparagraphprobablymeans__________.A.no

tseriousorcaringB.anxiousandeagerC.worriedandpessimisticD.notproudorarrogant22.Whenitcomestofailure,

KobeBryanttendedto__________.A.fightagainstthosewhosaidbadthingsabouthim.B.worryaboutothers’commentsonhisperformance.C.cheerforhimselfbyregard

inghimselfasthegreatestfigure.D.shownofearfacingupsanddowns.23.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Peoplepaidtributet

oKobeBryantforhissuccessonthebasketballcourt.B.KobeBryantdevotedmoreofhislifetobasketballinsteadofaccom

panyinghisfamily.C.KobeBryantregardedhisretirementasthebeginningofanothercareer.D.KobeBryantfeltemotionlesswhenfacingtheendofhisbaske

tballcareer.这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了逝去的NBA历史上最伟大的球员之一科比·布莱恩特关于努力、成功和生活的一些鼓舞人心的语录。【20题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中…whenthatmomentcomes,ofcourseitishereb

ecauseithasbeenherethewholetime,becauseithasbeen[inyourmind]thewholetime.……当那个时刻到来的时候，它就在这里，因为它一直在这里，因为

它一直在你的脑海里。可知，科比对成功的态度对成功的态度是有决心的。故选B项。【21题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段中It’sbasketball.I’vepracticedandpracticedandplayedsomanyti

mes.There’snothingtrulytobeafraidof,whenyouthinkaboutit这是篮球。我练习了很多次，很多次，很多次。当你仔细想想，其实没什么好害怕的……由科比说自己练习了

很多次，可知他对失败并不是说漫不经心或者不在意的，因此猜测划线词cavalier意为“漫不经心的，不在意的”。故选A项。【22题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中BecauseI’vefailedbefore,andIwokeupthen

extmorning,andI’mOK.PeoplesaybadthingsaboutyouinthepaperonMonday,andthenonWednesday,you'rethegreatestthingsincesli

cedbread.因为我以前也失败过，第二天早上醒来，我没事。人们在星期一的报纸上说你的坏话，然后在星期三，你是自切片面包以来最伟大的事物。可知，当谈到失败的时候，科比并不害怕面对起起落落。故选D项。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数

第二段中Wecanallbemastersatourcraft,butyouhavetomakeachoice.WhatImeanbythatis,thereareinherentsacrificesthatcomeal

ongwiththat—familytime,hangingoutwithyourfriends,beingagreatfriend,beingagreatson,nephew,whateverthecasemaybe.Thereares

acrificesthatcomealongwiththat.我们都可以成为技艺上的大师，但你必须做出选择。我的意思是，随之而来的是一些内在的牺牲——家庭时间，和朋友一起玩，做一个好朋友，做一个好儿子，好侄子，不管是什么情况。这也会带来一些牺牲。可知，科比将更多的时间奉献

给了篮球，而不是陪伴家人。故选B项。CThereareonlyafewtrulypleasantsmellstowakeuptointhemorning.Itmightbethearomaoffreshlyb

akedbread,orthescentofyourpartner’sfreshlybrushedteeth-butforme,it’sthesmelloffreshlycookedcoffee.Justasniffofitmakesmejumpoutofb

edandrushtothekitchenforagulp(大口)ofthehotblackliquid.IalsoknowtheexperiencewhenIwalkintoacafeformydoubleespresso(浓缩咖啡)orflatwhite,mymouthbeginstow

aterinadvance.Althoughit’sreallythecaffeinehitI’mafter,it’sthesmellthatmakesmefeelgood.However,thisfeeling

sometimesturnstodisappointmentwhenIactuallystartdrinkingmyhotcoffee-thetastejustdoesn’tmatchthesmell.Thisispar

ticularlythecasewhenIorderacoffeetogoinatallpapercupandsiptheliquidthroughaholeinthelid.Yes,it’sconvenient,butisitreallytheri

ghtwaytoappreciateit?TimHayward,afoodwriterandcoffeeshopowner，describesthisprocessas“strange”.Hesays,“Youwalkintothecoffeeshop,yougetthesmell,bu

twhenyouactuallytakethedrinkout,youaredrinkingitfromsomethingthatisdesignedtodeliverthehotliquiddirectlypastyourtongue,butstopanysmellc

ominguptoyournose.”Aswellasremovingthesmell,takeawaycoffeecupscreatealotofwasteandavastmajorityofthemstilldon’tgetr

ecycled.In2011,itwasestimatedthat2.5billioncoffeecupswerethrownawayeachyearintheUK,andthatfigureislikelytobehighernow.Somaybenowisthetimetoreallywak

eupandsmellthecoffeebydrinkingfromacupormuginacafe,chattingwithfriendsandsavingtheplanet!24.Fromthefirsttwoparagraphsweknow________.A.theauthorlove

scoffeealoneB.thesmellofcoffeeispleasantC.peoplesmellonescentatatimeD.smellsareusedtowakeuppeople25.Whatsometimesdisappointsthea

uthorwhendrinkingcoffee?A.Thewaytoenjoycoffee.B.Coffeedoesn’ttastetasty.C.Nopartnersharescoffeewithhim.D.Thetypeofcoffeehelikesisn’tavailable.26.Wh

atmadeTimHaywardfeelstrange？A.Thesmellofcoffee.B.Hotcoffeewithoutsmell.C.Treatingcoffeejustashotliquid.D.Drinkingcoffeeinthecoffeeshop.27.Whatcanb

eimpliedinthelastparagraph?A.Peoplerecyclecoffeeregularly.B.Takeawaycoffeeisofhighquality.C.Pollutioncausedbycoffeecupsisgrowing.D.Acupormugiswid

elyusedfordrinkingcoffee.这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述咖啡的气味让作者保持清醒，但是喝咖啡的纸杯阻碍了人们对咖啡味道的享受，还带来了很多污染。【24题详解】细节理解题。由第一段第二句“Itmightbethearomaoffreshlybakedbread,o

rthescentofyourpartner’sfreshlybrushedteeth-butforme,it’sthesmelloffreshlycookedcoffee.”和第二段的最后一句“Alth

oughit’sreallythecaffeinehitI’mafter,it’sthesmellthatmakesmefeelgood.”可知，这令人愉快的气味可能是刚烤出面包的芳香，或者是你同伴刚刷牙的气味，但是对于我来说，它是刚煮好的咖啡味道，虽然实际上是我追随咖啡因提神功

效，但是的确这个气味使我感觉舒服。由此可知，咖啡的气味是令人愉快的。结合选项可知，选项B正确。【25题详解】细节理解题。由第三段的第二句“ThisisparticularlythecasewhenIorderacoffeetogoinatallpapercupandsi

ptheliquidthroughaholeinthelid.”和最后一句“Yes,it’sconvenient,butisitreallytherightwaytoappreciateit?”可知，情况是这样的，当我点了一份在高纸杯里的咖啡，然后通过在杯盖上

的一个小孔喝这个液体的时候。是的，它是方便的，但是这真的是欣赏它的正确方法吗？由此可知，当喝咖啡的时候，喝咖啡的方法使作者失望。结合选项可知，选项A正确。【26题详解】细节理解题。由第四段TimHayward说

的话“Youwalkintothecoffeeshop,yougetthesmell,butwhenyouactuallytakethedrinkout,youaredrinkingitfromsomethingthatisdesignedtodeliverthehotliq

uiddirectlypastyourtongue,butstopanysmellcominguptoyournose.”可知，你走进咖啡店，你闻到了香味，但是当你实际取出这个饮品的时候，你正在通过被设计来直接传送热饮经过你的舌头但是阻止任何气味飘进你的鼻子的某物喝这份饮品。由此可知

，TimHayward对这种用来对待热饮的方式对待喝咖啡觉得很奇怪。结合选项可知，选项C正确。【27题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段的第一句“Aswellasremovingthesmell,takeawaycoffeecupscreatealotofwasteandavastma

jorityofthemstilldon’tgetrecycled.”和第二句“In2011,itwasestimatedthat2.5billioncoffeecupswerethrownawayeachyearintheUK,

andthatfigureislikelytobehighernow.”可知，和去除咖啡气味一样，外带咖啡杯造成了很多废物并且绝大多数的他们仍然没有得到回收利用。在2011年，据估计在英国每年有25亿的咖啡杯被丢弃，并且这个数据现在可能更高。由此可见，咖啡杯造成的污染正在增长。结合选项可知

，选项C正确。DAverageageisrisingaroundtheworld——ademographic（人口统计）changethatmayposeasignificantchallengetoeffortstoslowdownclimatech

ange.HosseinEstiriatHarvardUniversityandEmilioZaghenioftheMaxPlanckInstituteforDemographicResearch,Ge

rmany,havefoundthatenergyuseincreasesaswegetolder,andnotjustbecausewetendtogetwealthier.Anageingpopulationcouldme

anagreaterproportionofsocietywithhigherenergyuse,theirstudysuggests.Theycombinedtwodecades,worthofdatafromthousandsofUShouseholdsandusedthi

stobuildamodeltorevealhowenergyusevariedacross17agegroupsbetween1987and2009.Theyfoundthat,onaverage,children'senergyconsumption（

肖耗）climbsastheygrowup,beforedippingslightlywhentheyleavehome.Consumptionthenrisesagainwhenpeoplehittheir30s,b

eforebrieflydroppingafter55,andthenbeginningtoclimbagain.Thestudyinvolvedfactorssuchasincome,localclimateandtheage,typeandsizeofaperson'shom

e.Theincreaseinenergyuseatvariouspointsinourlifespan（寿命）seemstobetheresultoflifestyleandhowourneedschangeasweage.Whydoesdemandgrowsomuchinour3

0s?“Weneedmoreofeverything.Morespace,abiggerTVtwofridges,"saysEstiri.Thestudyfoundthat,inwarmerpartsoftheUS,ener

gyuseincreasesinpeopleovertheageof65—probablyasaresultofincreaseduseofairconditioning,Thissuggeststhatthereisafe

edbackeffectbetweenclimatechangeandanageingpopulationthatwillonlymakemattersworse.HeatwaveshavebecomemorecommonintheUSinrecentyearsandare

expectedtobecomemorefrequentduetoglobalwarming.Moreolderpeopleusingmoreelectricalenergytokeepcoolastemperaturesrisecouldaddtoemissions（排放），andth

usdrivemorewarminguntilourenergysupplybecomesentirelyfossilfuel-free.“Thisconfluence（汇集）ofpopulation,ageingandclimatechangeonenergyd

emandisreallyimportanttostartthinkingabout,"saysEstiri.BenjaminSovacoolattheUniversityofSussex,UK,saystheworkshowstheimporta

nceofdemographicswhenitcomestocuttingcarbonemissions.Mostmodellingofclimatechangemitigation（减缓气候变化的模型）assumespeople'sene

rgyconsumptioneitherstaysthesameoronlychangesbyasmallamountovertime."Thisstudydirectlychallengesthatentirebod

yofresearchbyforcingittofightwiththetemporalityandcomplexityoftheconsumptionofenergy,saysSovacool.CatherineMitchellattheUniversityofExeter,U

K,saystheresearchcouldhaveanimportantinfluenceonpolicymakers."Whatthepapersaysisthatthereisalotofworkabouthowbuildingsuseenergy,butprobablynot

enoughabouthowthepeopleinthemuseenergy,"shesays.28.Bysaying“notjustbecausewetendtogetwealthier"inParagraph2,th

ewriterprobablymeansthat.A.poorpeoplecan'tbringdownthehighdemandforenergyB.acomfortablelifeisnotthemaincauseofincreasedenergyuse

C.therearesomeotherreasonsleadingtotheincreaseinenergyconsumptionD.peoplebeingwealthyornothasnothingtodowiththeriseofenergyconsumption29.Wh

ichofthefollowingstatementsisHosseinEstirimostlikelytosupport?A.Energywillstopincreasingwhenpeoplegetolder.B.Hisresearchcould

inspirepolicymakerstochangecurrentpolices.C.Variousfactorsinfluencingenergyconsumptionshouldbeconside

red.D.Oldpeopleshouldusefossilfuel-freeratherthanelectricalenergytokeepcool.30.Whatistheshortcomingofmostmodelingofclimatechangemitigati

on?A.Itisexpensiveanddifficulttopromote.B.Itoverestimatesthehouseholdenergyconsumption.C.Itdidnottakeclimatechangeadaptationintoaccount.D.Itregard

senergyconsumptionasstableorasonlyslightlychanging.31.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Moreemphasisshouldbeputonpeople'senergyuse.B.Thegovern

mentcan'tdomuchwithoutthesupportofthestudy.C.Itisthebuildings,notthepeopleinside,thatconsumethemajorityoftheenergy.D.Polic

ymakershavebeenworkingonhowtocutdownpeople'senergyuse.本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了人类消耗的能源对大自然的影响，人口老龄化对全球气候变化产生很大影响。【28题详解】推理

判断题。根据下文Anageingpopulationcouldmeanagreaterproportionofsocietywithhigherenergyuse,theirstudysuggests.(他们的研究表

明，人口老龄化可能意味着更大比例的社会有更高的能源使用)可推断energyuseincreasesaswegetolder,andnotjustbecausewetendtogetwealthier.的句意是：随着年龄的增长，能源的使用也会增加，而不

仅仅是因为我们倾向于变得更富有。也就是说还有一些其他原因导致能源消耗增加。故选C。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段的“Thisconfluence（汇集）ofpopulation,ageingandclimatechangeonenergydemandisreallyimportan

ttostartthinkingabout,"saysEstiri.(埃斯蒂里说：“人口、老龄化和气候变化对能源需求的这种融合，对于建立一个降低能源消耗的国家是非常重要的。)可推断，Estiri最可能支持影响能源消耗的各种因素都需要考虑。故选C。【30题详解】细节

理解题。根据倒数第三段的Mostmodellingofclimatechangemitigation（减缓气候变化的模型）assumespeople'senergyconsumptioneitherstaysth

esameoronlychangesbyasmallamountovertime.(大多数减缓气候变化的模型都假设人们的能源消耗要么保持不变，要么随时间发生少量变化。)可知，大多数气候变化缓解模型的缺点是

认为能源消耗是稳定的或只是轻微的变化。故选D。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的Whatthepapersaysisthatthereisalotofworkabouthowbuildingsuseenergy,butpr

obablynotenoughabouthowthepeopleinthemuseenergy(论文上说，关于建筑物如何使用能源，有很多工作要做，但关于建筑物中的人如何使用能源，可能还不够)可推断，应该更加强调人们的能源

使用。故选A。第二节阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答，答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。Mostpaintersdiscoverastyleofpaintingthatsuitsthemandsti

cktothat,especiallyifpeopleadmiretheirpictures.ButPicasso,thegreatSpanishpainter,waslikeamanwhohadnotyetfoundhisownpa

rticularstyleofpainting.Hekeptonstrugglingtofindtheperfectexpressiontillhisdeathin1973.SomeofPicasso’spa

intingsarerich,soft,coloredandbeautiful.Othersareuglyandcruelandstrange.Butsuchpaintingsallowusto_____________forourselves.Theyforceustosaytoours

elves,“Whatdoesheseethatmakeshimpaintlikethat?”Andwebegintolookbeneaththesurfaceofthethingswesee.Picassopai

ntedthousandsofpicturesindifferentstyles.Sometimeshepaintedthenaturallookofthings.Sometimesheseemedtobreakthemapartandth

rowthepiecesinourfaces.Heshoweduswhatthemindknowsaswellaswhattheeyesees.Attheageof90heremainedascuriousabouttheworldashehadbeenwhenhewasyoung.Thatis

whypeoplehavecalledhim“theyoungestpainterintheworld”.32.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?(Pleaseanswerwithin10words.)______________________

___________________________________________.33.Whichsentenceinthepassagecanbereplacedbythefollowingone?Attimes,thingsinsomeofhispicturesseemedtobei

ndisorder._________________________________________________________________34.Pleasefillintheblankwithproperwordstocompletethesentence.(Pleas

eanswerwithin10words.)_________________________________________________________________35.Translatetheunderlinedsentencein

thelastparagraphintoChinese.__________________________________________________________________这是一篇写人的记叙文，描写的是大画家毕加索独特的作

画风格。32.Picasso’sparticularstyleofpainting.【32题详解】文章第一段指出每个画家都会有自己的风格，毕加索一直苦苦的追寻完美的绘画展现方式，通篇围绕的皆是这个主题。Picass

o…,waslikeamanwhohadnotyetfoundhisownparticularstyleofpainting.Picassopaintedthousandsofpicturesindiffere

ntstyles.33.Sometimesheseemedtobreakthemapartandthrowthepiecesinourfaces.【33题详解】indisorder杂乱无章的正是文章中提到了break…apartandthrowthepiecesin…34.imagin

ethings【34题详解】allowusto…引发我们(观赏的人)进行想象与Theyforceustosaytoourselves…呼应35.他90岁高龄时，仍像小时候一样，对世界充满了好奇。这就是为什么人们称他为“世界上最年轻的画家”的

原因。【35题详解】翻译题，处理好主干成分和方式状语从句的位置关系。四、书面表达（共1小题，20分）假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Jack来信说，他暑假后将到北京大学留学。请你根据以下内容给他写一封回信，告知有

关情况。1．简单介绍北京大学；2．生活便利、居民友善；3．留学期间，愿提供任何帮助。注意：词数100左右：开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。DearJack，IgladtoknowthatyouwillcometoChinaforfurtherstudy．Nowletmetel

lyouwhatyouareconcernedwith．________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________I’mlookingforwardtom

eetingyouinBeijing．Yourssincerely,LiHua范文DearJack,I’mgladtoknowthatyouwillcometoChinaforfurtherstudy.Nowletmetellyouwhatyouareconcern

edwith.Asisknowntous,BeijingUniversityisoneofthetopuniversitiesinChina,whichisfamousforitsexcellentteaching

inartandculture.Studyingthere,youaresuretogetimprovedineveryaspect.Thisisthefirsttimeforyoutoliveinaforeignc

ountryalone,butyoudon’tneedtoworryaboutthelifethere,becauseitislocatedinthebusinesscenterofBeijing.Therefore,itisextremelyconvenientf

oryoutolivethere.Besides,mostpeopleinBeijingarebothkindandhospitabletoforeigners.I’dliketohelpyoufindaproperhostfamilynearbytheuniversityifn

ecessary.I’mlookingforwardtoourmeetinginBeijing.Yourssincerely,LiHua【思路点拨】本文是一篇记叙文，主题是“介绍北京大学的情况”。在写作时要注意从北大

介绍、生活情况和自己能提供的帮助三方面要点着手，因为提示信息较少，所以要充分发挥想象，增加适当的细节以使行文连贯，充实内容。本篇范文短小精悍，要点全面，语言简练，时态人称准确，很好的完成了写作任务。在文中作者用到了非限制性定语从句Asisknowntous和whichis

famousforitsexcellentteachinginartandculture以及分词短语Studyingthere作状语等以及连词besides，固定句型Thisisthefirsttimeforyoutoliveinaforeign

countryalone等，这些都给朴素的语言带来了亮点获得更多资源请扫码加入享学资源网微信公众号www.xiangxue100.com