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2021北京市普通高中学业水平合格性考试仿真模拟卷04英语一、听力理解（共25小题，25分。每小题1分）略二、完形填空（共15小题，15分。每小题1分）阅读下面短文，从各题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。For

alongtimeGabrieldidn’twanttobeinvolvedinmusicatall.Inhisfirstyearsofhighschool,Gabrielwouldlookpityinglyatmusicstud

ents,___1___acrossthecampuswiththeirheavyinstrumentcases,turningupatschoolforpracticehours___2___any

oneelsehadtobethere.Hesworetohimselfto___3___music,ashehatedgettingtoschoolextraearly.___4___,oneday

,inthemusicclassthatwaspartofhisschool’sstandardcurriculum,hewasplayingidly(随意地)onthepianoandfoundit___5___topickouttunes.Withasinkingfeeling,herea

lizedthatheactually___6___doingit.Hetriedtohidehisobviouspleasurefromthemusicteacher,whohad___7___overtoli

sten.Hemightnothavedonethisparticularlywell,___8___theteachertoldGabrielthathehadagood___9___andsuggestedthatGabrielgointothemusicstor

e-roomtoseeifanyoftheinstrumentsthereappealedtohim.Therehedecidedtogivethecello(大提琴)a___10___.Whenhebeganpracticing,

hetookitvery___11___.Buthequicklyfoundthathelovedplayingthisinstrument,andwas___12___topracticingitsothatwithinacoupleofmonthshewa

splayingreasonablywell.This___13___,ofcourse,thathearrivedatschoolearlyinthemorning,___14___hisheavyinstrumentcaseacrossthecampustothepitying

looksofthenon-musicianshehadleft___15___.1.A.travellingB.marchingC.pacingD.struggling2.A.beforeB.afterC.untilD.since3.A.betrayB.acceptC.avoidD.

appreciate4.A.ThereforeB.HoweverC.ThusD.Moreover5.A.complicateB.safeC.confusingD.easy6.A.missedB.disliked

C.enjoyedD.denied7.A.runB.joggedC.jumpedD.wandered8.A.becauseB.butC.thoughD.so9.A.earB.tasteC.heartD.voice

10.A.changeB.chanceC.missionD.function11.A.seriouslyB.proudlyC.casuallyD.naturally12.A.committedB.usedC.limitedD.admitted13.A

.provedB.showedC.stressedD.meant14.A.pushingB.draggingC.liftingD.rushing15.A.overB.asideC.behindD.out三、阅读理解（共20小题，40分，每小题2分）第一节阅读下面短文，从各题A、B、C、D四个

选项中，选出最佳答案。APOETRYCHALLENGEWriteapoemabouthowcourage,determination,andstrengthhavehelpedyoufacechallengesinyourlife.

Prizes3GrandPrizes:TriptoWashington,D.C.foreachofthreewinners,aparentandoneotherpersonofthewinner’schoice.Tripincludesrou

nd-tripairtickets,hotelstayfortwonights,andtoursoftheNationalAirandSpaceMuseumandtheofficeofNationalGeographicWorld.6FirstPrizes:ThebookSk

yPioneer:APhotobiographyofAmeliaEarhartsignedbyauthorCorinneSzaboandpilotLindaFinch.50HonorableMentions:Judg

eswillchooseupto50honorablementionwinners,whowilleachreceiveaT-shirtinmemoryofEarhart’sfinalflight.RulesFollowallrulescaref

ullytopreventdisqualification.■Writeapoemusing100wordsorfewer.Yourpoemcanbeanyformat,anynumberoflines.■

Writebyhandortypeonasinglesheetofpaper.Youmayuseboththefrontandbackofthepaper.■Onthesamesheetofpaper,writeortypeyourname,address,telephonenumber

,andbirthdate.■MailyourentrytousbyOctober31thisyear.16.Howmanypeoplecaneachgrandprizewinnertakeonthefreetrip?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Six

.17.Whatwilleachofthehonorablementionwinnersget?A.Aplaneticket.B.AbookbyCorinneSzabo.C.AspecialT-shirt.D.AphotoofAme

liaEarhart.18.Whichofthefollowingwillresultindisqualification?A.Typingyourpoemout.B.Writingapoemof120words.C.Usingbothsidesofthepaper.D.Mailing

yourentryonOctober30.19.Whenisthepropertimeforyoutomailyourentry?A.beforeOctober31thisyearB.afterOctobe

r31thisyearB.beforeOctober31nextyearB.afterOctober31nextyearBIftherewasasubjectatschoolthatmademeanxious,itwasscience.Maybethat'sbec

auseinmytenthgrade,Icouldn'tunderstandmyphysicsteacher'sinstructions,causingmetoaccidentallysetfiretotheclassroom.So,w

henmyhusbandandIdecidedtohomeschoolourdaughters,wemadeadeal:hewouldteachscience,whileIwouldhandleeverythingelse.

Butthat'snothowthingshavebeengoingthesepastfewweeks,sincemyhusbandhasbeentoobusytoteachthegirls.Recently,whileo

utonmymorninghikebeforestartinglessons,Inoticedthattheskywasabeautifulblue,andtheairwasfilledwiththesweetsmellofflowers.That'swhyIdecidedtha

ttheday'slessonswouldbetaughtoutside,althoughIrememberedthatmydaughtershadn'thadanyscienceclassesfrommyhusbandfo

rawhile.Ireturnedtothehousetogetthegirlsready.Weheadedupintotheforest,settlingourselvesbyapondthatrarelyhasanyvisitors.MydaughterSaoirsestartedtop

ickuppondweedandcatchfrogs,whilemyotherdaughterUlalookedatme,waitingtobeinstructed.Ihandedheradrawingboardandcoloredpencils.

“Wewait，”Itoldher,“andseeifsomethingcomesalong.Inthemeantime,justdrawwhat'saroundyou.”Weworkedformorethananh

our,hardlyspeaking.Abirdflewacrossthewater,andthensettledinfrontofafallentree.IquicklytoldUla,worryingthatshe'dnotseenthe

creature.Butshehad,andshestarteddrawingit.Anhourlater,shefinishedherpictureandIstareddownatit.Shedrewthebirdonherpaperwitha

mazingaccuracy.Buttherewasoneotherinterestingfactaboutthisdrawing:shealsodrewme,sittingbesideher.Irealized,asIstared

atthischild'sdrawingofuswatchingabird,howI'dlivedfor40years,received10yearsofhighereducation,andneverunde

rstoodthefoundationofsciencebeforethismoment.Thefoundationofscienceisasenseofwonder;itisn'taboutaccurat

elyrecitingwordsfromatextbook.Itisfirstandforemostaboutsteppingoutsideourbusylivesandbeingamazedattheworldaroundus.20.Howdidtheauthorf

eelaboutsciencewheninschool?A．Shewasnervousaboutit.B．Shewasfondofit.C．Shewasconfusedaboutit.D．Shewaseagerforit.21．Theunderlinedword“it”inParagra

ph4refersto“________”．A．thefallentreeB．theforestC．thebirdD．thepicture22．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesUla?A．She'sveryoutgoi

ng.B．She'sgoodatobserving.C．She'sveryhardworking.D．Shesharesinterestswithhersister.23．Whatisthefound

ationofscienceintheauthor'sopinion?A．Attentiontoaccuracy.B．Curiosityabouttheoutsideworld.C．Determinationtofindoutthetruth.D．Theabilitytounderstandtea

chers'instructions.C“ThefactthatthesmokereachedSãoPauloandblackenedanafternoonproveshowunusualthefiresthatburnin

thecountrysideofBrazilare，”RicardoMello,headoftheWorldWideFundforNature's(WWF)Amazonprogram,said.Thelatestfigurescomeatatimeofint

ernationalprotestagainsttheinactionofPresidentJairBolsonaro'sadministration.InJuly,Brazil'sNationalInstituteforSpaceResearch(IN

PE)showeddatatothepublic,whichindicatedthattherehadbeenasignificantriseindeforestation(毁林)rates.Particularly,thefiguresshowedthatinJu

ly2019,deforestationhadincreasednearly300percentincomparisontothesamemonthin2018.Environmentalistsarebecomingincreasing

lyconcerned,accusingthegovernmentofencouragingdeforestationandthosewhowanttomakeuseoftheforestforcommercialgain.Duringhist

imeinpower,Bolsonarohasmovedtorobsomepowerofgovernmentagenciesthatareresponsibleforprotectingtherainforestaswellasregulationscoveringnativel

andsandnaturereserves.BolsonaroseesthesekindsofregulationsasadragoneconomicgrowthintheAmazonregion.FireintheAmazonisusedasatechniquetoclearland

foragriculture.“Farmersclearcutlandtomakewayforagriculture,andthenwaitforthedryseasontosetfiretoclearthelandsotheycanplant，”Mellosaid.“It'slikelyth

atalloftheseforestfiresaredeliberatelysetbyhumans.”NowitisthedryseasonintheAmazon,whichmeansconditionsinmanypartsoftherainforestaresuit

ableforthefirestospreadoverlargeareas.“Itisveryunlikelythatthosefiresbreakoutnaturally，”Mellosaid.“Itisimpo

rtanttorememberthat2019isnotastrongElNiñoyear.WhenwehavestrongElNiños,weathergetsdrierinthenorthernp

artofBrazilandthisfavorsfires.Thisisnotthecaseof2019.”24．Whyaredeforestationfiguresof2018and2019compared?A．To

shareknowledgeoftheAmazonforest.B．ToshowhowtheBrazilpresidentgoverns.C．Tostresstheseriousnessofdeforestation.D．Toexpressth

eangerofenvironmentalists.25．WhatdoesPresidentBolsonarodofordeforestation?A．Weakeningrelevantgovernmentagencies.B．Encouragingthefigh

tforcommercialgain.C．Usingtechniquestoclearlandforagriculture.D．Defendingregulationsaboutnaturereserves.26．WhataretheweatherconditionsoftheAmazonwhen

thefiresbreakout?A．They'refitforfirestobreakoutnaturally.B．TheAmazonexperiencesthedryseason.C．They'repossibleforfirestospreadeve

rywhere.D．TheAmazonisjustinastrongElNiñoyear.27．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．JairBolsonaro'sAdministrationWasAccusedB．FarmersClearedAmazonLan

dforAgricultureC．UnusualRainforestFires:EffectsonHealthandWeatherD．AmazonFires:PossiblyLinkedtoEnvironmentalPoliciesDHybridcarsarecarsthatrunon

bothpetrolandelectricity.Theyeachhaveasmallstandardpetrolengineandabatteryandanelectricmotortoprovideelectricalpower.The

rearesomedifferencesbetweendifferentmodelsofhybridcars,butthegeneralprincipleisthatthecarrunsonpetrol,andthe

electricmotorkicksinwhenadditionalpowerisrequired,forexamplewhengoinguphilloraccelerating.Insomehybridcarsthepetrolengineturnsitselfoffwhenn

otneeded,forexamplewhenthecarhasstoppedattrafficlights,keepingonlytheelectricenginerunning.Conventionalcars

havelargeenginestocopewithdrivinguphillandaccelerating.Mostofthetime,thishighenginecapacityisnotneeded,buttheenginecontinue

sburningupfuel.Hybridcarshavemuchsmallerpetrolengines,boostedbyelectricmotorswhenneeded,sotheyuselesspetrol.Hybrid

carsarealsolighterandaerodynamically(空气动力学地)designedforgreaterfuelefficiency.Anotherwaythatfuelconsumptioniscutisbyasyst

emof“regenerativebraking(刹车)”.Theelectricmotorisusedtoslowdownthecar,ratherthanconventionalbrakes.Theenergyproducedbytheslowingcaristransfor

medintoelectricalpower,whichisautomaticallystoredinthebattery.Ineffect,thebatteryrechargeswhenyoubrake.Inconventionalcarstheenergyproduced

whenthecarsarebrakingiswasted.Carmanufacturersandengineershavebeenexperimentingwithelectricandhybridcarssincethelate19thcentury.In1898Ferdinand

Porschebuiltanexperimentalhybridcarthatusedbothaninternalburningengineandelectricmotors.Thefirstmassproducedhybridcar,theToyotaPrius,cameoutinJapan

attheendof1997.However,hybridcarsbecameavailableintheUSAonlyin1999,whentheHondaInsightwentonsale.Astheyuselessfuel,hybridcarsarecheapertorun.T

herearealsomanyinitiativesinplacetoencouragepeopletobuythem.Insomecountries,hybridcarownerspayalowerrateoftax

,anddon'thavetopayoncertaintollroads(收费公路).Insomecitiesaroundtheworld,hybridcarsareallowedtoparkforfree.28．What

canwelearnfromParagraph2?A．Hybridcarsdon'tneedpetrolanymore.B．Thepetrolengineandtheelectricmotorworkalltheway.C．Hybridcarsmainlydependonelectricalpo

wertorun.D．Somehybridcarpetrolengineswillquitwhenunnecessary.29．WhichisNOTthereasonwhyhybridcarsconsumelessenergy?A．Smallerpetrolengines.B．

Scientificdesign.C．Conventionalbrakes.D．Energystorage.30．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Hybridcarsarecheapertobuy.B．H

ybridcarownersdon'thavetopaytax.C．Hybridcarownersdon'tneedtopaytheparkingfee.D．Hybridcarswillhaveabrightfutu

re.31．What'stheauthor'spurposeofwritingthepassage?A．Toadvertisehybridcars.B．Tointroducehybridcars.C．Tocompareconventiona

lcarsandhybridcars.D．Toinformthedevelopmentofhybridcars.第二节阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题

的回答，答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。Howmuchdoyouhatewaitingforanotherbeerinacrowdedbar?ItannoyedJoshGoodmanenoughtoinventapre

ttyobvioussolution—self-servicebeertaps.Goodman,36,recalledtheexactmomentinlate2008whenhisfrustrationboiledover.“Iwashangingoutwithmyfriendsata

Baltimoresportsbarbeforeagame,”hesaid.“Wejustcouldn’tgetanotherbeerservedtousquickly.”Almostimmediately,hegottoworkonaself-se

rvicebeerconcept.Withinafewmonths,GoodmanhadlaunchedPourMyBeerinChicago.Heinvested$20,000andpartneredwith

aU.S.manufacturertomakebeertableswithtwotofourself-servicetaps,whichweredesignedbyhimself.InFebruary2009,Goodmanlandedhisfirstcl

ient(客户):AbarinBaltimore,America.Hespentthenexttwoyearsgrowingthebusinessandaddingmorebarsandrestaurants.In2011,hecarriedoutanideaofse

lf-service“beerwalls”,whichletpeoplepourtheirownbeerfromtapsonawall.PourMyBeerhasswelledtoover200restaurantsandbarsin28states.Theconceptwillrollout

inChicago’sO’HareInternationalAirportthisweekandinItalyandBrazillaterthisyear.Thetablesstartat$4,000andthebeerwa

llscostasmuchas$16,000.Theygeneratedmorethan$400,000insalesin2013anddoubledthatin2014.Goodmanexpectstotakeincloseto$2millioninrevenue(收益)thisyear—wh

ichwouldmakeitthecompany’sfirstprofitableyear.“Ourbusinesscustomerstellusthatthey’vecutdownonwasteandthey’resellingtwiceas

muchbeeronaverage,”saidGoodman.32.WhatmadeGoodmancomeupwiththeidea?(nomorethan15words)_______________

_____________________________________________33.HowsoondidGoodmanturnhisideaintoreality?(nomorethan6words)________________________________________

____________________34.WhatdidGoodmandesignforcustomersinthebars?(nomorethan15words)______________________________________________________

______35.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“swelled”mostprobablymean?(1word)___________________________________

_________________________四、书面表达（共1小题，20分）假定你是李华，你的澳大利亚朋友William寒假期间要来中国游玩，行程中计划在你家住三天，请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1．住宿条件；2．活动安排；3．其他事项(气候差异、着装提醒等)。注意：1.词数80左右；2．

可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearWilliam，IamdelightedtoknowthatyouarecomingtoChina，_________________________________________________

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