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2023届高三英语名校新题快递--10月月考专辑专题03阅读理解之说明文原卷版【01】2023届广东省六校高三上学期第二次联考【02】安徽省皖豫名校联盟2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次联考【03

】广东省广州市第五中学2022-2023学年高三上学期10月月【04】浙江省强基联盟2022-2023学年高三上学期10月联考【05】湖南省长沙市长郡中学2022-2023学高三上学期月考卷（二）【06】河南省实验中

学2022-2023学年高三上学期第二次月考【07】湖南省长沙市长郡中学2022-2023学高三上学期月考卷（二）【08】浙江省C8名校协作体2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次联考【09】甘肃省张掖市2022-2023学

年高三上学期第一次诊断考试【10】浙江省C8名校协作体2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次联考【11】江苏省南京师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次月考【12】江苏省苏州市2022〜2023学年高三上学期八校联考【13

】2023届广东省六校高三上学期第二次联考【14】湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2022-2023学年高三上学期月考二【15】江苏省泰州中学2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次月检【16】河北省邢台市六校联考2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次月考【17】江苏省泰州中学2022

-2023学年高三上学期第一次月检【18】江苏省泰州中学2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次月检【19】江西省名校高中2022-2023学年高三上学期联合测评【20】湖北省荆州荆门宜昌三校2022-2023学年高三上学期联考试题【21】广东省深圳市重点高中

2023届高三上学期第二次月考【22】江苏省南京市2023届高三上学期10月学情调查考试【23】湖北省襄阳市重点高中2022-2023学年高三上学期第二次月考【24】山东省潍坊市五县市2022-2023学年高三10月统考【01】2023届广东省六校高三上学期第

二次联考Theworld’sbiggestelectricvehicle—a45-tonminingdumptrucknamedtheeDumper—mayhavetogiveupitsthrone.Thenewcomer,powered

withbothelectricityandareserveofhydrogenfuel,isgoingtostealthattitleasthelargestelectricminingtruck.Londo

n-basedAngloAmericanisdevelopingthebeastofamachine—itweighs290tons—aspartofitssustainableminingvision.Theconceptualwo

rkisdone,butU.K-basedWilliamsAdvancedEngineeringwillbringthetrucktolife.Theideaistoreplacethevehicle’

sdieselengine(柴油机)withahigh-powermodularlithium-ionbattery(锂电池).“Wearedelightedtobeinvolvedinthisinnovativeandexcitingprojectwhichshowsthepot

entialofbatterytechnologythatcanadapttoincreaseddemands,fromautomotiveandmotorsportto‘heavyduty’industrialapplications,”CraigWilson,ma

nagingdirectorofWilliamsAdvancedEngineering,said.WhiletheeDumper—aminingtruckusedtomovestonesfromthesidesofmountai

nsinSwitzerland—reliesentirelyonpureelectricityandpurephysicsforpower,theAngloAmericantruckwillusebothali

thium-ionbatteryandahydrogenfuelcell(电池)module.Altogether,thenewtruckwillhaveover1,000Kilowatthoursofenergystorage.Hydrogenfuelisaclearf

uelthatproducesonlywaterasaby-productwhenconsumedinafuelcell.It’stypicallyproducedfromnaturalgas,nuclearpo

wer,orrenewablewindandsolarpower.Addinghydrogenfuelcellstothevehicle’sbatterywillallowthetrucktorunforlongerperiodsoftimewit

houtrecharging.There’salsoathirdtypeofpowerthatcomesintoplaywiththeAngloAmericantruck:kinetic(动力的)energycreatedthrough

theprocessofregenerativebraking(再生制动系统).Whenanelectricvehicle—beittheAngloAmericantruck,ortheeDumper—rollsdowna

hill,thatmovementcreateselectricalenergyforthebatteryasyoubrake.Theelectricmotorspowerthecarthroughthebattery’sstoredenergy,butcanals

obecomeminigeneratorsthatreturnsomeenergybacktothebattery.AfterAngloAmericanfinishestesttrialswiththetruck,thefirmwillconduc

tstudiestounderstandhowthetruck’spowerunitscanbeusedtoprovideenergystorageinotherapplications.8.Whatcanbeknownabout

“theeDumper”?A.Itweighsmorethan290tons.B.Itispoweredbyhydrogenfuel.C.Itwillnolongerbethelargestelectrictruck.D.Itwilldiscouragebuyersforbe

ingexpensive.9.WhatcanbeinferredfromCraigWilson’swords?A.Batterytechnologyisthekeytoupdatingvehicles.B.Battery

technologyisthebasisofmanufacturingtrucks.C.Thedevelopmentofthelithium-ionbatteryislimited.D.Thefutureofthelithium-ionb

atteryispromising.10.Whatisthebenefitofadoptinghydrogenfuelcells?A.Itcansavealotofmoney.B.Vehiclesbecomemoree

co-friendly.C.Ithasnoenvironmentalimpactatall.D.Vehiclesnolongerneedtoberecharged.11.Accordingtoparagraph5,whichofthefollowingcanbeafe

atureofregenerativebraking?A.Autonomousbraking.B.Energytransformation.C.Simpleoperation.D.zero-carbonemission.【02

】安徽省皖豫名校联盟2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次联考TheAlps’glaciers(冰川)areontrackfortheirhighestmasslossesinatleast60yearsofrecordkeeping,datasharedwithReute

rsshows.Bylookingatthedifferenceinhowmuchsnowfellinwinter,andhowmuchicemeltsinsummer,scientistscanmeasurehowmu

chaglacierhasshrunkinanygivenyear.Sincelastwinter,whichbroughtrelativelylittlesnowfall,theAlpshavegonethroughtwobigearlysummerheatwaves—includin

goneinJulymarkedbytemperaturesnear30ºCintheSwissmountainvillageofZermatt.Duringthisheatwave,theelevation(海拔)atwhichwaterfro

zewasmeasuredatarecordhighof5,184meters—atanaltitudehigherthanMontBlanc’s—comparedwiththenormalsummerlevelofbetween3

,000-3,500meters.Mostoftheworld’smountainglaciersareshrinkingduetoclimatechange.ButthoseintheEuropeanAlpsareespeciallyvulnerable(脆弱的)becausethey

aresmallerwithrelativelylittleicecover.Meanwhile,temperaturesintheAlpsarewarmingataround0.3ºCperdecade—aroundtwiceasfastastheg

lobalaverage.Ifgreenhousegasemissionscontinuetorise,theAlps’glaciersareexpectedtolosemorethan80%oftheircurrentm

assby2100.Manywilldisappearregardlessofwhateveractionistakennow,thankstoglobalwarmingbakedinbypastemissions,accordingtoa201

9reportbytheUNIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange.Swissresidentsworrythattheglacierlosseswillhurttheireconomy.Somes

kiresortsoftheAlps,whichrelyontheseglaciers,nowcoverthemselveswithwhitesheetstoreflectsunlightandreduceme

lting.Swissglaciersfeatureinmanyofthecountry’sfairytales,andtheAletschGlacierisconsideredaUNESCOWorldHeri

tageSite.“Losingtheglaciersmeanslosingournationalheritageandouridentity,”saidhikerBernardinChavaillaz.12.Whathappenedtotheel

evationatwhichwaterfrozeintheAlps?A.Itremainedunchanged.B.Itincreasedsharply.C.Itreachedanewlow.D.Itdroppednoticeably.

13.What’sthemainpurposeofparagraph3?A.ToshowtemperaturesarerisingintheAlps.B.Toproveclimatechangeleadstoheatwaves.C.ToexplainwhytheAl

ps’glaciersareindanger.D.TopredictwhatwillhappentotheAlps’glaciers.14.WhatdidBernardinChavaillazexpressinthelastparagraph?A.Hisadviceonprotectinggl

aciers.B.Hisconfusioninfindinghisidentity.C.Hisconcernoverthelossofglaciers.D.Hisinterestinimprovingtheeconomy.15.Whatwouldbethebes

ttitleforthetext?A.GlaciersintheAlpsAreDisappearingRapidlyB.ClimateChangeIsPresentingaThreattotheAlpsC.SummerHeatwavesHittheAlpsM

oreFrequentlyD.MeasuresAreNeededtoProtecttheAlps’Glaciers【03】广东省广州市第五中学2022-2023学年高三上学期10月月Parentingtechniquesmayhavelonglastingcon

sequencesforbehavior—evenwhenitcomestodogs.ResearchersattheUniversityofPennsylvaniastudiedtheearlydevelopment,parentingandthefol

lowingperformanceof98puppieswhounderwentguidedogtraining.Dogswhoreceivedmoreindependenceandlesssupportfromthe

irmothersweremorelikelytobesuccessfulinbecomingaguidedog.ThestudywaspublishedMondayinthejournalProceedingsoftheNationalA

cademyofSciences.Mom-pupinteractionswereusedtodefinehowhighlyinvolvedthepuppy’smotherswere.Puppiesraisedwithhighlyinvol

vedmothersweremorelikelytobereleased—ordroppedoutfromtheguidedogprogram—comparedtothosewithlessattentivemothers.“Toomuchofagoodthing

canbeabadthing,”saidleadstudyresearcherEmilyBray.Althoughthestudycouldn’tdefinitelypointtowhatwasdrivingthiseffect,“onepossibilityisthatthedogst

hatarehavingoverbearing(专横的)mothersarenevergiventhechancetodealwithsmallchallengesontheirown,andisharmfultotheirlaterbehavi

orandoutcomeintheirproblemsolving.Anotherpossibilityisthatthepuppiesforwhomthemothersarealwaysaroundarea

lsothemostanxiousorstressed,”sheexplained.“WhatIwashappyaboutwasthatthereisastudybeingdoneaboutearlylifeexperiencesindogs,”anotherresearc

herDoloresHolesaid.“Ifthemomistryingtoprotectherpupsagainstsmallchallenges,thentheywillnotbesuitedforthebigchallenges.”

Thestudyincludedthreebreeds(品种):Germanshepherds,LabradorretrieversandGoldenretrievers.Thepuppieswerefollowedfrom

thefirstweeksoflifeforseveralyears.Interestingly,Labradorretrieverstendedtowashoutfromtheprogram,whileGoldenr

etrieverstendedtosucceed.Asforwhetherthefindingscanbeappliedtohumanbabiesofso-called“helicopterparents,”Braywashesitant.“Ith

inkpeoplecandrawparallels(相似之处),butIthinkyoualsohavetobecarefulbecausetheyaredifferentspecies,”shesaid.Sheadded,“Thenicethingaboutdogsis

thattheyarealotlesscomplicatedthanhumans.”8.Whatmakessuccessfulguidedogsaccordingtothestudy?A.Lessattentiveowners.B.Morepracticaltraining.C.Less

supportivemothers.D.Moretenseenvironment.9.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Thenecessityofmom-pupinteractions.B.

Somecharacteristicsofgoodguidedogs.C.Thesignificanceofhighparentalinvolvement.D.Potentialcausesofsomepuppies’

poorperformance.10.WhatcanweknowaboutLabradorretrieversinthestudy?A.Theychoosetostay.B.Theyfailtobequalif

ied.C.Theyrisetochallenges.D.Theyareeasytonotice.11.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Parentingtechniq

uescanapplytoguidedogsB.GuidedogsarelesscomplicatedthanhumansC.Researchershelpraisepublicawarenessofbli

ndpeopleD.Astudyisdoneaboutearlylifeexperiencesofhumanbabies【04】浙江省强基联盟2022-2023学年高三上学期10月联考InJapan,youarewhatyourbloodt

ypeis.Aperson’sbloodtypeispopularlybelievedtodecidehis/hercharacterandpersonality.Type-Apeoplearegenerallyconsidereds

ensitiveperfectionistsandgoodteamplayers,butover-anxious.TypeOsarecuriousandgenerousbutstubborn.TypeABsareartisticbutmyste

riousandunpredictable,andtypeBsarecheerfulbuteccentric,individualistic,andselfish.Thoughlackingscientificevidence,thisbeliefiswidelyseeninb

ooks,magazines,andtelevisionshows.Lastyear,fourofJapan’stop10bestsellerswereabouthowbloodtypedeterminespersonality,throughwhichreadersseeme

dtobeabletodiscoverthedefinitionoftheirbloodtypeorhavetheirself-imageconfirmed.Theblood-typebeliefhasbeenusedinunusualways.Thewomensoftballt

eamthatwongoldforJapanattheBeijingOlympicsisreportedtohaveusedblood-typetheoriestocustomizetrainingforeachplayer.Somekindergartenshaveadopted

teachingmethodsalongbloodgrouplines,andevenmajorcompaniesreportedlymakedecisionsaboutassignmentsbasedonanemployee’sbloodtype.In1990,

MitsubishiElectronicswasreportedtohaveannouncedtheformationofateamcomposedentirelyofABworkers,thanksto“thei

rabilitytomakeplans”.Thebeliefevenaffectspolitics.Oneformerprimeministerconsidereditimportantenoughtorevealinhisofficialprofileth

athewasatypeA,whilehisoppositionrivalwastypeB.In2011,aminister,RyuMatsumoto,wasforcedtoresignafteronlyaweekinof

fice,whenabad-temperedencounterwithlocalofficialswastelevised.Inhisresignationspeech,heblamedhisfailingsonthefactthathewasbloodtypeB.Theblood-typec

raze,consideredsimplyharmlessfunbysomeJapanese,mayrevealitselfasprejudiceanddiscrimination.Infact,thisseemssocommonthattheJa

panesenowhaveatermforit:bura-hara,meaningblood-typeharassment(骚扰).Therearereportsofdiscriminationleadingtochildrenbeingbullie

d,endingofhappyrelationships,andlossofjobopportunitiesduetobloodtype.8.What’sthemainideaofparagraph1?A.TheJapaneseatt

achgreatimportancetobloodtype.B.ThebooksaboutbloodtypearepopularinJapan.C.TheJapaneseconfirmtheirpersonalitytotallythroughblo

odtype.D.TheJapanesethinkbloodtypebestsellersareimportanttotheirself-image.9.Accordingtothepassage,whichbloodtyp

ecanweinferistheLEASTfavoredinJapan?A.TypeA.B.TypeB.C.TypeO.D.TypeAB.10.PrimeMinisterRyuMatsumotoresignedfromof

ficebecause________.A.herevealedhisrival’sbloodtypeB.hewasseenbehavingrudelyonTVC.heblamedhisfailingsonlocalofficialsD.hewasdiscriminatedag

ainstbecauseofbloodtype11.Whatisthespeaker’sattitudetowardtheblood-typebeliefinJapan?A.Negative.B.Defensive.C.Objecti

ve.D.Encouraging.【05】湖南省长沙市长郡中学2022-2023学高三上学期月考卷（二）HundredsofnativeNorthAmericanplants,oftendismissedasweeds,deservealotmorerespect,accord

ingtoanewstudy.Theseplants,distantcousinsoffoodslikesunflowersandlettuce(莴苣),actuallyrepresentabotanicaltreasurenowfaci

ngincreasedthreatsfromclimatechangeandhabitatloss.Thecropsthatthehumanracenowdependson,includinggrainsli

kewheatandtreefruitlikepeaches,originallywereselectedorbred(培育)fromplantsthatgrewwildhundredsorthousandsofyearsago.IntheU.S.,therearewildancestorsof

blueberries,sweetpotatoes,onions,potatoes,andmanyotherfoodcrops.“Someofthemarequitecommon,”saysColinKhoury,are

searchscientistattheInternationalCenterforTropicalAgriculture.“Wildlettuceplantsgrowalongsidewalks,orinbackyards,butgounrecognized.”Othercr

oprelativesarerareandthreatened.OneofKhoury’sfavoritesistheparadoxicalsunflower.”ItgrowsjustinwetlandsofthedesertsofNewMexicoandTe

xas.Littlesaltyareaswherethere’salittlebitofwaterbeneaththesoil,”hesays.Soplantgrowerscrossbreditwithcommercialsunflowersandcreatednewvarietiesthatca

ngrowinplaceswherethesoilcontainsmoresalt.Otherwildrelativesmaybehidingsimilarlyremarkablegifts,Khourysays,suchasgenesthatcouldhelptheirdomestic

atedrelativessurvivediseases,ordealwithpests.Khouryandsomeofhiscolleaguesjustfinishedasurveyofabout600wildcroprelativesthatgrowinNorthAmerica,andth

eyfoundthatmostoftheseplantsarethreatenedbythingslikefires,farminganddevelopment.Thescientistsarguethattheydeserv

emoreprotection.Foronething,“genebanks”shouldcollectandpreservethem.Inaddition,theseplantsneedmoreprotectionintheirnaturalhabitat.Accordin

gtoKhoury,thatdoesn’tnecessarilymeansettingasidelandforthem.Inmanycases,theplantsalreadyaregrowingonpubliclandthat’s

managedbytheU.S.ForestService(USFS)ortheBureauofLandManagement(BLM).“It’smoreaboutjustbeingawarethattheseplantsactuallyexist,”h

esays.28.Whatdidthenewstudymainlyfocuson?A.Endangeredplantspecies.B.Wildrelativesoffoodcrops.C.Theimpactsofclimatec

hange.D.Thethreatsfromplanthabitatloss.29.Whatdoweknowabouttheparadoxicalsunflower?A.Itneedsmuchwatertogrowwell.B.Itgrowsalong

sidewalksorinbackyards.C.Itseemscapableofsurvivingvariousdiseases.D.Ithelpscommercialsunflowersadapttosaltysoil.30.Howmightthescient

istsfeelabouttheirsurveyresults?A.Relieved.B.Concerned.C.Annoyed.D.Critical.31.WhatmightKhourysuggesttheBLMdo?A.JoinhandswiththeUSFS.B.Se

tasidelandforwildplants.C.Collectgenesofthreatenedcropspecies.D.Learnaboutplantsonitsmanagedland.【06】河南省实验中学2022-2023学年高三上学期第二次月考TheWorldHealthOr

ganizationwarnsthatmillionsofpeoplearedyingeveryyearfromindoorairpollution.Nearlythreebillionpeopleareunabletousecleanfuelsandte

chnologiesforcooking,heatingaswellaslighting.Thesefindingsshowthattheuseofdeadlyfuelsininefficientst

oves,spaceheatersorlightsistoblameformanyofthesedeaths.WHOofficialssayindoorpollutionleadstoearlydeathsfromstroke,hear

tandlungdisease,childhoodpneumoniaandlungcancer.Womenandgirlsarethemainvictims.Thesediseasescanoftenresultfromtheburningofsolid

fuels.Thesefuelsincludewood,coal,animalwaste,cropwasteandcharcoal.TheUnitedNationsfoundthatmorethan95percentofhouseholdsinsub-Sahara

nAfricadependonsolidfuelsforcooking.ItsayshugepopulationsinIndia,ChinaandLatinAmericancountries,suchasGuatermalaandPeru,area

lsoatrisk.NigelBraceisaprofessorofPublicHealthattheUniversityofLiverpool.Hesaysresearchersaredevelopinggoodcook-stovesandotherequipmenttoburnfuelsin

amoreefficientway.Therearealreadymultipletechnologiesavailableforuseincleanfuels.Thereisreallyquiteaneffectiveandreasonablylow-costalcoholstovem

adebyDometic(aSweden-basedcompany)thatisnowbeingtestedout.LPG(LiquefieldPetroleumGas)cookisobviouslywidelyavaila

bleandeffortsareunderwaytomakethoseefficient.Anotherinterestingdevelopmentiselectricinductionstoves.WHOexpertsnotet

hatsomenew,safeandlow-costtechnologiesthatcouldhelparealreadyavailable.InIndia,youcanbuyaninductionstoveforabout$8.00

.AndinAfricayoucanbuyasolarlampforlessthan$1.00.Butthis,theagencysays,isjustastart.Itisurgingdevelopingc

ountriestousecleanerfuelsandincreaseaccesstocleanerandmoremoderncookingandheatingappliances/devices.12.Whatdoestheindoorpollutionmainlyresultfrom?

A.Poisonousfuels.B.Hightechnology.C.Spaceheaters.D.Solarenergy.13.HowisParagraph3mainlydeveloped?A.Byshowingd

ifferences.B.Bydescribingaprocess.C.Bymakingalist.D.Byanalyzingdata.14.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Indoo

rpollutionresultsinsomedeaths.B.Mostofthedeathsareindevelopingcountries.C.Thesolidfuelsareusedinmoreeffectiveways.D.Thereisnoindoo

rpollutionindevelopedcountries.15.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.LPGcooksarebeingtestedout.B.Alcoholstovesarewidelyuse

dnow.C.Electricinductionstovesareexpensive.D.SolarlampsareverycheapinAfrica.【07】湖南省长沙市长郡中学2022-2023学高三上学期月考卷（二）Itisn’

tjustthebeautyofvastnaturalwondersliketheGrandCanyonthatcantakeyourbreathaway.Youcanfindaweineverydaythings.Anewrese

arch,publishedinthejournalEmotion,foundthatolderadultswhotook“awewalks”feltmorepositiveemotionsintheirdailylives.I

nthestudy,52olderadultsaged60to90weredividedrandomlyintotwogroups.Theyweretoldtotakeatleastone15-minutewalkeachweekforeightweek

s.Volunteersinthe“awegroup”wereinstructedinhowtoinspireaweastheywalked.“Weaskedthemtotrytoseetheworldwithfresheyes—totakeinnewdetailsofaleafo

rflower,forexample,”Sturmsays.Forexample,oneparticipantfromtheawegroupwroteabout“thebeautifulfallcolorsandhowthele

aveswerenolongercrunchy(嘎吱响)underfootbecauseoftherain”—thewonderthatsmallchildrenfeelastheyembracetheirexpandingworld.However,peopleintheotherg

roupwerelessfocusedontheworldaroundthem.Oneparticipantwrote,“IthoughtaboutourvacationinHawaiinextThursday.

”Inaddition,participantswereaskedtotakeselfies(自拍)inthebeginning,middle,andendofeachwalk.Researchersfoundthatparticipantswhotookawewalksshow

eda“smallself”,inthattheyfilledlessoftheirphotographswiththeirownimageandmorewiththebackgroundscenery.“Whenwefeelawe,oura

ttentionshiftsfromfocusingonourselvestofocusingontheworldaroundus,”Sturmsays.“Aweaffectsoursocialrelati

onshipsbecauseithelpsustofeelmoreconnectedwiththeworld,universe,andotherpeople.”Theirsmilesalsogrewbroaderbytheendofthestudy.“Weanalyzedthein

tensityoftheirsmilesintheselfies,andparticipantswhotookawewalksdisplayedgreatersmilesovertimethanthosewhotookcontrolwalks.Theformerreportedgre

aterpositiveemotionsingeneral,includingmorejoyandgratitude.”Participantsinthecontrolgrouptookmorefrequentwalksthanthosepeopl

eintheawegroup,theresearchersdiscovered.Butwalkingmoredidn’tresultinpositivechangesinemotionalhealthorint

hewaytheirselfiesweretaken.Thissuggeststhattheresultsweremainlyduetoexperiencingawe,andnotjustinspendingtimeexercising.32.

Whatwereparticipantsinthe“awegroup”requiredtodoinParagraph2?A.Totakeawalkeachweek.B.Tofocusontheirinnerworld.C

.Tocollectleavesaftertherain.D.Toexplorewithchildlikecuriosity.33.Whatcanweseeintheselfiesfromtheawewalks?A.Close-upima

geswithwidesmiles.B.Moreattentiononthemselves.C.Simplythebackgroundscenery.D.Smallfigureswithbiggersmiles.34.Whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph?A.

Experiencingawecounts.B.Morewalks,morejoy.C.Exercisescanbenefitus.D.Awecomeswithwalking.35.Whichofthefollowi

ngcanbethebesttitle?A.AweWalksPromoteYourPhysicalFitnessB.ExperiencingAweDoesWondersforEveryoneC.AweWalksImproveYourPositiveEmotionsD.Frequ

entWalksContributetoEmotionalHealth【08】浙江省C8名校协作体2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次联考IliveinthelandofDisney,Hollywoodan

dyear-roundsun.Youmaythinkpeopleinsuchaglamorous,fun-filledplacearehappierthanothers.Ifso,youhavesomemistakenideasaboutthenatureofhappiness.Manyin

telligentpeoplestillequatehappinesswithfun.Thetruthisthatfunandhappinesshavelittleornothingincommon.Funiswhat

weexperienceduringanact.Happinessiswhatweexperienceafteranact.Itisadeeper,moreabidingemotion.Goingtoanamusementparkorballgame

,watchingamovieortelevision,arefunactivitiesthathelpusrelax,temporarilyforgetourproblemsandmaybeevenlaugh.Butth

eydonotbringhappiness,becausetheirpositiveeffectsendwhenthefunends.IhaveoftenthoughtthatifHollywoodstarshavearoletoplay,itistoteachus

thathappinesshasnothingtodowithfun.Theserich,beautifulindividualshaveconstantaccesstoglamorousparties,fancycars,expensiv

ehomes,everythingthatspells“happiness”.Butinmemoiraftermemoir,celebritiesrevealtheunhappinesshiddenbeneathalltheirfun:depression,alcoholism,dr

ugaddiction,brokenmarriages,troubledchildrenandprofoundloneliness.Askabachelorwhyheresistsmarriageeventhoughhefindsdat

ingtobelessandlesssatisfying.Ifhe’shonest,hewilltellyouthatheisafraidofmakingacommitment.Forcommitmentisin

factquitepainful.Thesinglelifeisfilledwithfun,adventureandexcitement.Marriagehassuchmoments,buttheyarenotitsmostdistinguishingfeatur

es.Similarly,couplesthatchoosenottohavechildrenaredecidinginfavorofpainlessfunoverpainfulhappiness.Theycandineoutwhenever

theywantandsleepaslateastheywant.Coupleswithinfantchildrenareluckytogetawholenight’ssleeporathree-dayvacatio

n.Idon’tknowanyparentwhowouldchoosethewordfuntodescriberaisingchildren.Understandingandacceptingthat

truehappinesshasnothingtodowithfunisoneofthemostliberatingrealizationswecanevercometo.Itliberatestime:nowwecandevotemorehourstoactivitiesthatca

ngenuinelyincreaseourhappiness.Itliberatesmoney:buyingthatnewcarorthosefancyclothesthatwilldonothingtoincreaseourhapp

inessnowseemspointless.Anditliberatesusfromenvy:wenowunderstandthatallthoserichandglamorouspeopleweweresosurearehappybecauseth

eyarealwayshavingsomuchfunactuallymaynotbehappyatall.8.Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.Funcreateslong-lastingsatisfaction.B.Happinessise

nduringwhereasfunisshort-lived.C.Funprovidesenjoymentwhilepainleadstohappiness.D.Funthatislong-standingmaylea

dtohappiness.9.Totheauthor,Hollywoodstarsallhaveanimportantroletoplaythatisto________.A.writememoiraftermemoirabouttheirhappiness

B.teachpeoplehowtoenjoytheirlivesC.tellthepublicthathappinesshasnothingtodowithfunD.bringhappinesstothepublicinsteadofgoingtoglamor

ousparties10.Havinginfantchildren,thecouplescan________.A.gainhappinessfromtheircommitmentB.findfuningettingthemintobedatnightC.findmoretimetoplayan

djokewiththemD.beluckysincetheycanhaveawholenight’ssleep11.Ifonegetsthemeaningofthetruesenseofhappiness,hewill________.A.stopplay

inggamesandjokingwithothersB.keephimselfwithhisfamilyC.giveafreehandtomoneyD.makethebestuseofhistimetoincreasehappiness

【09】甘肃省张掖市2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次诊断考试Elderlypeoplehaveahigherchanceofsufferingfromillnessessuchasdiabetes,cancer,andheartdi

sease.OnecommonhealthproblemthataffectsthemisAlzheimer’sdisease,whichaffectsaperson’smemory,behavior,andthinking.Becauseofmemorylo

ssandbehavioralchanges,peoplewithAlzheimer’smayslowlybecomeunabletotakecareofthemselves,eventuallyrequiringconstantcare

fromfamilymembersorcaregivers.ThereisnocureforAlzheimer’satthemoment—drugscanonlytreatitssymptoms.Buttechnologycanimprovethelivesofthoseliv

ingwiththeconditionbymakingiteasierforthemtogoabouttheirdailyactivities.Forexample,trackingdevicesplacedinwat

chesorjewelrycanmonitorwhereapersonis.Automatedreminderscanalsobestoredinmotionsensorsandplacedaroundthehouse.Whenasensor

detectsmovement,itcanplayarecordedvoicemessagetoremindthepersontolockthedoororturnoffthestove.Alzheimer’sdiseaseisahu

gechallenge,butwemaybegettingclosetofindingasolution.Inthefuture,itmightbepossibletotreatAlzheimer’swithoutusingdrugs.Ateamofresear

chersinAustraliahascreatedaformoftechnologythatcansendsoundwavesintothebrain.Thesesoundwaveshelptoclearwastei

nthebrainthatcontributestoAlzheimer’s.Theteamhastestedtheirtechnologyandfoundthatithelpedtorestorememoryin75percentofmice.Wo

rkonthetechnologyisn’tcomplete,but,ifsuccessful,itcouldpreventmemorylossinpeoplewithAlzheimer’s.Thisreallydoesfundamentallychangetheunderstan

dingofhowtotreatthisdiseaseandresearchersforeseeagreatfutureforthisapproach.12.Alzheimer’sisadiseasethatmainlyaffectsthe____.A.musclesB.bloo

dC.brainD.heart13.Uptonow,whichcanhelpAlzheimer’spatientswhogetlosteasily?A.Trackingdevices.B.Automatedreminders.C.Sendingsoundwavesinto

thebrain.D.Restoringmemory.14.Whichofthefollowingcanreplace“contributesto”inthelastparagraph?A.Helpstocure.B.Helpstocause.C.Helpstoworsen.D.Helps

toprevent.15.What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.Elderlypeoplewillbegintofacemanychallenges.B.Societyshouldprovideenoughhealthcaretoelderlypeople.C.Ther

e’saneedtobetterunderstandthecauseofAlzheimer’s.D.TechnologymightsolvesomeproblemsofpeoplewithAlzheimer’s.【10】浙江省C8名校协作体

2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次联考AlbertEinstein’s1915masterpiece“TheFoundationoftheGeneralTheoryofRelativity”isthefirstandstillthebestintroductiontothesubjec

t,andIrecommenditassuchtostudents.Butitprobablywouldn’tbepublishableinascientificjournaltoday.Whynot?Afterall,itwouldpasswithflyingcolour

sthetestsofcorrectnessandsignificance.Andwhilepopularbeliefholdsthatthepaperwasincomprehensibletoitsfirstreaders,infactma

nypapersintheoreticalphysicsaremuchmoredifficult.AsthephysicistRichardFeynmanwrote,“Therewasatimewhenthenewspaperssaidthatonly12menunder

stoodthetheoryofrelativity.Idobelievetheremighthavebeenatimewhenonlyonemandid,becausehewastheonlyguywhocaughton,be

forehewrotehispaper.Butafterpeoplereadthepaperalotunderstoodthetheoryofrelativityinsomewayorother,certainlymoret

han12.”No,theproblemisitsstyle.Itstartswithaleisurelyphilosophicaldiscussionofspaceandtimeandthencontinueswithanexpositionofknownmathem

atics.Thosetwosections,whichwouldbeconsideredextraneoustoday,takeuphalfthepaper.Worse,therearezerocitationsofpreviousscientists’work,noraretherean

ygraphics.Thosefeaturesmightmakeapapernotevengetpastthefirsteditors.Asimilarprocessofprofessionalizationhas

transformedotherpartsofthescientificlandscape.Requestsforresearchtimeatmajorobservatoriesornationallaboratories

aremorerigidlystructured.Andanythinginvolvingworkwithhumansubjects,orputtinginstrumentsinspace,involvespilesofpaperwork.WeseeitalsointheRegen

eronScienceTalentSearch,theNobelPrizeofhighschoolsciencecompetitions.Intheearlydecadesofits78-yearhistory,thewinningproj

ectswereusuallythesortofcleverbutnaive,amateurisheffortsonemightexpectoftalentedbeginnersworkingontheirown.Today,polishedworkcomingoutofinte

rnships(实习)atestablishedlaboratoriesisthenorm.Theseprofessionalizingtendenciesareanaturalconsequenceoftheexplosivegrowthofmodernscience.Sta

ndardizationandsystemmakeiteasiertomanagetherapidflowofpapers,applicationsandpeople.Butthereareseriousdownsides.Alotofunprod

uctiveeffortgoesintojumpingthroughbureaucratichoops(繁文缛节),andoutsidersfaceentrybarriersateveryturn.Ofcourse,Einsteinwouldhavefoun

dhiswaytomeetingmodernstandardsandpublishinghisresults.Itsscientificcorewouldn’thavechanged,butthepapermightnotbethesametastetoread.12.Accordingt

oRichardFeynman,Einstein’s1915paper________.A.wasaclassicintheoreticalphysicsB.turnedouttobecomprehensibleC.neededfu

rtherimprovementD.attractedfewprofessionals13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“extraneous”inParagraph4mean?A.Unre

alistic.B.Irrelevant.C.Unattractive.D.Imprecise.14.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisaffectedasmodernsciencedevelops?A.Theapplicationofresearchfindi

ngs.B.Theprincipleofscientificresearch.C.Theselectionofyoungtalents.D.Theevaluationoflaboratories.15.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispass

age?A.WhatmakesEinsteingreat?B.Willsciencebeprofessionalized?C.CouldEinsteingetpublishedtoday?D.Howwillmodernsciencemakeadvances?

【11】江苏省南京师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次月考Modernzoosaimtopromoteanimalconservation,educatepeople,andsupportfurtherwildliferese

arch.Staffaredevotedtoprovidingspeciesspecifichousingandappropriatedietstoensurethattheanimals’livesareasna

turalaspossiblewithincaptivity(圈养).Infact,mostzooanimalshavebeenbornandbredincaptivity.Theyhaveneverexperienced“thewild”,whichma

nypeopleassumeisawonderfulandsafeplace,despitedestructionofnaturalhabitsforpalmoilthreatsfromclimatechangeortheincreaseinpoaching.Therearetwoways

capturinganimalshelpsconservethem.Zooconservationworkcanbein-situ(在原处)wheremoney:expertiseandsometimesstaffareprovidedtoprotectanimalsan

dtheirhabitatsinthewild.Large,charminganimalssuchaspandas,tigersorelephantsdrawthecrowds.Theseflagshipspecieshelptoraisetheimageandfundsfor

in-situconservationeffortsforthenotsowellknownspecies“Ex-situ”conservation,meanwhile,takesplaceoutsideoftheanimals’naturalhabitats,usual

lybackatthezooandofteninvolvinginternationalcaptivebreedingprograms.Thesestudbooks(良种登记册)canoutlinesuitablegeneticmatches

forbreeding,tokeepasustainablecaptivepopulationofacertainspeciesandensuregeneticvariation.IntheUKaleast,zoosmusthaveawritteneducati

onstrategyandanactiveeducationprogramme.Ifyouhavebeentoanaccredited(官方认可的)zoorecentlyyouwillhavenoticedtheyusegam

esandtechnologytogowaybeyondthesebasicrequirements.Researchwithinzoosoftenlooksatanimalbehaviourorwelfa

rehelpingtoensuretheanimalsarewellhousedandfed.Otherresearchinvestigatestheimpacthumanshaveonthezooanimalsfromthevisitoreffecttothere

lationshipswhichcanbeformedbetweentheanimalsandtheirkeepers.Researchalsofocusesonbiologicalfunctioningofanimals.Muchofthisisworkthat

cannotbeconductedinthewildiftheanimalsliveinremoteorinhospitableareas.Overall,zoosprovideopportunitiestoobs

erveandengagewithexotic(外国的)animals,manyofwhichmaybethreatenedwithextinctioninthewild.Seeingthemupclosecancauseapas

sionforbiology,conservationandtheenvironment.12.Whatdopeoplethinkof“thewild”?A.Itposesadangertohumans.B.I

tisperfectforlargeanimalsC.Itisanidealhabitatforanimals.D.Itguaranteesthesafetyofanimals.13.Whathighlights“ex-situ”conserv

ation?A.Savingtheconservationcost.B.Attractingmorevisitorstozoos.C.Keepingaspecies’populationstable.D.Changingthegenesofacertainspecies.1

4.WhatisParagraph6mainlyabout?A.Howzookeepersgetalongwithanimals.B.Howzooscancontributetoresearchwork.C.Whatresearchersareexpectedt

odoinzoos.D.Whyitisdifficulttocarryoutresearchinthewild.15.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwringthetext?A.Toshowzooswaystoraiseanimals.B.Tostressmodernzo

osresearchvalue.C.Todefendzoosroleinprotectinganimals.D.Toadvisezoostoreleaseanimalsintothewild.【12】江苏省苏州市2022〜

2023学年高三上学期八校联考Astheeffectsofclimatechangebecomemoredisastrous,well-knownresearchinstitutionsandgovernmentagenciesarefocusingnewmon

eyandattentiononanidea:artificiallycoolingtheplanet,inthehopesofbuyinghumanitymoretimetocutgreenhousegasemis

sions.Thatstrategy,calledsolarclimateintervention(干预)orsolargeoengineering,involvesreflectingmoreofthesun’senergybackintospace—abruptlyreducingg

lobaltemperaturesinawaythatimitatestheeffectsofashcloudsflowingoutfromthevolcaniceruptions.Theideahasbeenconsid

eredasadangerousandfanciedsolution,onethatwouldencouragepeopletokeepburningfossilfuelswhileexposingtheplanettounexpecteda

ndpotentiallythreateningsideeffects,producingmoredestructivehurricanes,wildfiresfloodsandotherdisasters.But.asglobalwarmingcontinues,produc

ingmoredestructivehurricanes,wildfiresfloodsandotherdisasters,someresearchersandpolicyexpertssaythatconcernsabou

tgeoengineeringshouldbeoutweighedbytheimperativetobetterunderstandit,incasetheconsequenceofclimatech

angebecomesoterriblethattheworldcan’twaitforbettersolutions.Onewaytocooltheearthisbyinjectingaerosols(气溶胶)intotheup

perlayeroftheatmosphere.wherethoseparticlesreflectsunlightawayfromtheearth.Thatprocessworks,accordingtoDouglasMacMartin,arese

archeratCornellUniversity.“Weknowwith100%certaintythatwecancooltheplanet,”hesaidinaninterview.What’sstillunclear,headded,isw

hathappensnext.Temperature,MacMartinsaid,isanindicatorforalotofclimateeffects.“Whatdoesitdotothestrengthofhurr

icanes?”heasked,“Whatdoesitdotoagricultureproduction?Whatdoesitdototheriskofforestfires?”Anotherinstitutionf

undedbytheNationalScienceFoundationwillanalyzehundredsofsimulationsofaerosolinjection,testingtheeffectsonweatherextremesaroundtheworld.Onegoaloft

heresearchistolookforasweetspot:theamountofartificialcoolingthatcanreduceextremeweathereventswithoutca

usingbroaderchangesinregionalrainfallpatternsorsimilarimpacts.12.Whydoresearchersandgovernmentagenciesworkoncoolingtheearth?A.Topr

eventnaturaldisasters.B.Towinmoretimetoreducegasemissions.C.Toimitatevolcaniceruptions.D.Toencouragemorepeopletoburf

ossilfuels.13.Whatareresearchersworriedaboutintermsofglobalwarming?A.Morevolcanoeswillthrowout.B.Moresolare

nergywillgointospace.C.Moredisasterswillendangerthefutureoftheworld.D.Peoplewillkeepburningfossilfuelstokeepwa

rm.14.WhatcanbeinferredfromDouglas’wordsinaninterview?A.Hethinksmoreresearchremainstobedone.B.Heisoptimisticabouttheeffectofcoolingtheearth.

C.Heisconcernedaboutthereductioninagricultureproduction.D.Hedisapprovesofthepracticeofsolarclimateintervention.

15.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“sweetspot”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Therainfallpatternofaregion.B.Themodestdropintemperature.C.Thenumberofextreme

weatherevents.D.Theinjectionamountofaerosol.【13】2023届广东省六校高三上学期第二次联考Dreams,accordingtoCarlJung,revealacertainam

ountofrealityhiddenduringwakingconsciousness.InJungianphilosophy,theconflictandchaosexperiencedindreamsfinallybringordertoourlives.While

Jung’smysticaltheoriesaredebatable,hewasnotmistakenabouttheimportanceofdreaming.Agrowingnumberofreportsshowthatacontinuouslackofd

reamingisdamagingourwakinghoursinmanyways.Thistrendiscausingdamagetoourimmuneandmetabolic(新陈代谢的)systems,letalonetheelectronicproductstha

tkeepusuplateatnightareruiningoursleeppatterns,whichhaslong-termconsequencesonourmemorysystem.Onestudyshowedthatnotallowingmicetohaveade

quateamountsofREM(RapidEyeMovement)sleep,thestageinwhichwedream,themicecouldn’tstrengthenmemories.Youmig

htthinkthisisjustasleepproblem,butdreamingisinseparablefromournighttimerest.Wesleepincycles(周期),eachlastingabout90minutes;inasleepcycle,wego

throughnon-REMsleepbeforehittingREM.Asthenightprogresses,REMsleepperiodsincreaseinlengthwhiledeepsleep(oneofthestagesofnon-REMsleep)decr

eases.Thelongerwesleep,themoretimewespendinREM,whichiswhyweareoftendreamingwhenwakingupinthemorning.Ifwes

leeplessthansevenhours,however,itbecomeshardertoachievethislevelofREM.Thecombinationofsleepinganddreamingactsa

sanemotionalstabilizer.Werecoverfromemotionalhurtfasterwhenwesleepanddreamproperly.However,we’renotgettingenoughsl

eeptocyclethroughthestagestotakeadvantageofthisnaturalcircadiananti-depressant(抗抑郁剂)—dreams.Instead,wegetdepressedandturntoalcoholormedic

inestogettosleep,whichonlymakesthingsworsebecauseevenonedrinkleadstolateREMwhileanti-depressantspromotedeepsleepattheex

penseofREM.We’repayingforthislackofdreaminginmanyways.Forexample,a2021studystatedthatcomparedwithquietres

tandnon-REMsleep,REMpromotedtheformationofassociativenetworksandtheintegration(整合)ofunassociatedinformation.Volunteerstha

texperiencedmoreREMsleepwerebetterequippedforsolvingproblemsrequiringcreativesolutions.RowanHooper,themanag

ingeditoratNewScientist,writesthatdreamsthatincludean“emotionalcore”appeartobeamainfunctionofREMsleepandthatweshouldlookatsleeppatternsasse

riouslyaswedodietandexercisehabits.12.What’sCarlJung’sviewaboutdreams?A.Theycausechaos.B.Theydamageimmunity.C.Theyrevealsecrets.

D.Theymirrorreality.13.Whyisthesleepprocessexplainedinparagraph3?A.ToshowadreammainlyoccursduringREMsleep.

B.Toprovetheminimumsleeptimeshouldbesevenhours.C.Toprovedreamproblemsandsleepproblemsareattached.D.Toshowpeopleofte

ndreamwhenwakingupinthemorning.14.Whatconclusioncanbeinferredfromparagraph5?A.Dreamingpromotescreativity.B.Dreamin

ghelpsfightdepression.C.ThebrainstillreceivesnewinformationduringREMsleep.D.Thebrainispayingthepriceforhavingmorenon-REMsleep.15.What’

sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Theimportanceofsleepliesindreams.B.Theabsenceofdreamsisterribleforus.C.Dreamingpatternsaremo

reimportantthanwerealize.D.Dreaminghasmysticalpowerofstrengtheningmemories.【14】湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2022-2023学年高三上学期月考二Thedeep-seaoi

landgasindustryhasvastandcostlyfacilitiestomaintain.Wells,otherequipment,andthousandsofkilometersofpipelinesmustbeinspectedandrepaired.Now,cutt

ing-edgeunderwaterdrones(无人机)androbotsarebeingdevelopedthatcouldmaketheworksaferandcheaper.AmongthemisE

elume,asix-meter-long,snake-likerobotequippedwithsensorsandacameraateachend.Itcanbekeptatastationatdepthso

fuptohalfakilometerforsixmonths,withoutbeingbroughtbacktothesurface.Therobotcantravelupto20kilometersbeforeneedingtoreturntoitsstation

torecharge.Maintenanceworkatmanydeep-waterwellsandpipelinesystemsisalreadycarriedoutbyunmannedvehicles.B

utthesevehiclestypicallyneedtobetransportedtotheoffshoresiteonafullycrewedshipandthenremotelyoperated

fromonboardthesurfaceship.Thatcancostupto$100,000perday,accordingtoPålLiljebäck,chieftechnologyofficerwithEelumeSubseaIntervention,whichdevel

opedtherobot.Liljebäcksaysthatby“enablingtherobottobecomeasubsearesidentlivingatastation,itcanbemobilizedatanytimetodoinspections,therebyredu

cingtheneedforcostlysurfaceships”.Eelumecanworkautonomouslyontasksassignedfromacontrolroomonshore,ands

endbackvideoanddata.Itssnake-likedesignallowsittoworkinsmallspacesandwriggle(扭动)itsbodytostayinplaceinstrongcurren

ts.Bystayingunderthesea,itcancarryouttaskswhatevertheconditionsonthesurfaceoftheocean.Theglobalunderwaterroboticsmarketisexpectedto

bewortharound$7billionin2025,accordingtoanalysts,andothercompaniesareintheprocessofcommercializingnewdeep-seadr

oneandrobottechnology.EelumeSubseaInterventionwillcarryoutfinaltestingontheseabedlaterthisyearattheÅsgardoilandgasfield.Itexpectstoputitsfirstsn

akerobotsintousenextyearandhopestohaveupto50inoceansaroundtheworldby2027.12.WhatisonefeatureofEelume?A.Itcantraveln

early40kilometersbeforerecharging.B.Itcandiveasdeepas500meters.C.Itworksmainlyaroundthestation.D.Itworksfor6monthsononech

arge.13.Whatistheproblemwithunmannedvehicles?A.Theyaretoocostlytomaintain.B.Theyarehardtooperateremote

ly.C.Theyrequiretransportationtoandfromwork.D.Theyhavetoworkonafullycrewedshipallthetime.14.WhatcanbeexpectedofEelumeinthefuture?A.Itwillrequir

enofurthertests.B.Itwillbewortharound$7billion.C.Itwillbeputonthemarketin2027.D.Itwillfacealotofcompetitors.15.Whatisthemainideaofthepassa

ge?A.Asnakerobotisonitswayforunderwatertasks.B.Eelumeisthenewchoiceforconstructingpipelines.C.Maintenanceworkontheoceanfloorisariskyjob.D.Unmannedv

ehiclesmarketinghasseenstronggrowth.【15】江苏省泰州中学2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次月检MitsuhiroIwamotoisablindpersonwhosailednon-stopacrossthePacificOcean.OneofMr.Iw

amoto’sfriendssays,“Hefeelsthewavesandhecansensethespeedandangleofthewindstoadjustthesailsproperly.”TheonlythingMr.Iwamotocan’tdoissee.Soheteam

edupwithDougSmith.In2013,Mr.IwamototriedtosailacrossthePacific.Butafteronlyfivedaysatsea,hisboatwashitbyawhale.Theboatsank,andhespent11

hoursfloatingintheseainaliferaftbeforehewasrescued.WhenMr.SmithlearnedthestoryofMr.Iwamoto’sdefeatduringhisfirstattemptatcrossingthePacific,ithada

bigeffectonhim.Hedecidedtojointhetripnotjusttoprovethattheycoulddoit,butalsotocollectfundsforapublicwelfarefoundationthatboughtmedicalinsu

ranceforpoorchildren.HegotintouchwithMr.Iwamoto.Thetworealizedthattheywouldmakeagoodteam.Ittookalotofcouragetoma

keasecondattemptafterthefailure.ButMr.Iwamotowasdetermined.Hebegantotrainforthetrip.Heskied,ranhalf-marathonsandmarathons,andtookpartin

triathlons(raceswithswimming,biking,andrunning).Mr.Smithboughta12-metersailboatfromlocalpeople.Theytookdrinkingwater

andenoughfoodfor60days.ThesailboathadsolarpanelstokeeptheGPSandthesatellitephonecharged.OnFebruary24,Mr.Iwam

otosetoutfromSanDiego,Californiaontheir14,000-kilometertrip.Finally,around9a.m.onApril20—aftersailingnon

-stopfor55days,thetwoarrivedinIwaka,FukushimaPrefecture,Japan,“Peopleoftensaythatthephysicalillnesscan’tstopapersonfrommakingadifference,butIhav

etowalkthewalktoproveit,”Mr.Iwamotosaid.4.WhatcanbeinferredaboutDougSmith?A.Hespentalotoftimeintheocean.B.Hehadgreatskillsinsailingtheboat.C.Hework

edasaguideduringthetrip.D.Heboughttheinsurancebeforethetrip.5.WhydidDougSmithjointhetrip?A.Tohuntwhales.B.Toraisemoney

forcharity.C.Torescuepeoplelostintheocean.D.Tobeinsearchoffameandfortune.6.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thepreparationstheyma

deforthetrip.B.Thesupporttheyreceivedfromlocalpeople.C.Theequipmenttheyboughtfortheirtraining.D.Thedifficultyth

eyencounteredduringthetrip.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthisstory?A.Neverlookdownonunderdogs.B.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.C.Afriendinneed

isafriendindeed.D.Bethechangeyouwanttoseeintheworld.【16】河北省邢台市六校联考2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次月考Sincethebeginningofthesummerin2022,Chi

nahasbeenswelteringundertheworstheatwaveindecades.AnumberofpeopleinZhejiang,Henan,JiangsuandSichuanprovinceswerediagnosedwiththermoplegia(热射病),them

ostsevereformofheatstroke,andsomeevendiedofthisdisease.Inawarmingworld,thehazardsofheatwavesareincreasing.Acco

rdingtoastudy,thenumberofdeathscausedbyheatwavesinChinahasincreasedrapidlysince1979,from3,679personsp

eryearinthe1980sto15,500personsperyearinthe2010s.Hightemperatureswouldacceleratethelossinsoilmoisture(水分)andhurtthegrowthofcorn,cotton,treesandf

ruits.What’smore,eachadditionaldegreeofwarmingwillincreasecroplossestoinsectsby10-25percent,threateningfoodsecurityforbillionsofpeople.Chinah

aswitnessedarangeofextremeweatherevents,includingheavyrainfall,flooding,tornadoesandrecordheatwavesthisyear.Meteorologic

alofficialssaidthecountryhadanaveragetemperatureof21.3degreesCelsiusinJune,0.9degreesCelsiushigherthanthesameperiodo

naverage,andthehighestrecordforthesameperiodsince1961.Expertssaythatwhileextremesummerheatisnotentire

lynew,thesesortsofoccurrencescouldbesomethingthatbecomesastandardpartoflife,requiringpeopletostartlearninghowtocopewithheatwavesthatmaycontinueforthe

restofsummerandwellintothefuture.Rememberthatevenhealthy,youngathletescanbeharmedbyextremeheat,soeveryactivity,indoorsoroutdoors,s

houldbeevaluatedwhenextremeheathits.Therearesomewaystostaysafeduringextremeheatevents,suchasdrinkingplentyofwate

r,lookingforshadeorremaininginshadewhenoutside,andavoidingcookinglargemealsthatcanaddheattoyourindoorenvironment.8.Whydoesthewritermentionthe

fourprovincesinChina?A.Tointroducethetopic.B.Toshowtherisinggrowthofpopulation.C.Toidentifytheimpactoftheworstheatwave.D.Tooffer

theaccuratedataforthethermoplegia.9.Whatdostheunderlinedword“hazards”inparagraphsprobablymean?A.Panics.B

.Dangers.C.Outcomes.D.Expenses.10.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3?A.Ruralareassuffermorefromheatwavesthancities.B.C

hinahaswitnessedtheworstclimateeverin2022.C.Climatechangeresultsinthedeclineininsectspecies.D.Hightemperatur

eshavenegativeeffectsonagriculture.11.Whatdoesthewriterwanttoconveyinthelastparagraph?A.Waystodealwithextremeheat.B.Thetendencyofheatw

avesinthefuture.C.Effectsofglobalwarmingontheenvironment.D.Thesignificanceofkeepinghealthyinsummer.【17】江苏省泰州中学2022-2

023学年高三上学期第一次月检Manyexceptionalhumanskills,suchasreadingandmasteringamusicalinstrument,requirethousandsof

hoursofpracticeandconsistentcognitiveeffort.Popularscientifictheoriesholdthatcognitiveeffortisexperiencedasunpleasantandpeople

trytoavoiditwheneverpossible.However,therearemanysituationsineverydaylifeinwhichpeopleseemtoexertthemselves(努力

)voluntarily,evenifthereisnoobviousexternalreward.Forexample,manypeopleenjoysolvingSudokupuzzles,studentsareof

tenmotivatedbychallengingintellectualtasks,andamateurpianistscanspendhoursstrivingforperfectionwithoutanyexternalreward.I

tisbasedonthesefactsthatresearchersfromtheUniversityofViennaandtheTechnischeUniversitatDresdencriticallyquestionedwhethercognitiveeffortisalw

aysaversive(令人嫌恶的)andsoughttoaddressthisquestioninacurrentprojectoftheCollaborativeResearchCenter(SFB)940.Inthefirstexperimentwith121pa

rticipants,theresearchersusedcardiovascularmeasurements(activityoftheheart)todeterminehowhardpeopleexertedthemselvesincognitivetasksofvaryin

gdifficultylevels.Inonegroup,rewardwasdirectlydeterminedbyeffort:ifapersonexertedmoreeffortondifficultlevelsofthetask,theyreceivedahi

gherrewardthanoneasierlevelsinwhichtheyexertedlittleeffort.Inthecontrolgroup,therewardwasrandomlyassigned

andwasindependentofhowmucheffortsomeoneinvested.Thetotalrewardonofferwaskeptconstantbetweengroups,withonlythecontingency(可能性)betweeneffortandreward

beingmanipulated.Subsequently,allsubjectsworkedonmathtaskswheretheycouldchoosethedifficultylevelofthetaskstheywantedtoworkon.“Su

bjectswhohadpreviouslybeenrewardedforeffortsubsequentlychosemoredifficulttasksthansubjectsinthecontrolgroup,eventhoughtheywereawa

rethattheywouldnolongerreceiveanexternalreward,”explainsProf.VeronikaJobfromtheFacultyofPsychologyattheUniversityofVie

nna.“Theresultsshowedtheassumptionthatpeoplewanttotakethepathofleastresistancemaynotbeaninherent(固有的)characteri

sticofhumanmotivation.Thetendencytoavoidchallengingtaskscouldratherbetheresultofindividuallearninghistoriesthatdifferdependingontherewardpattern

:wasitmainlyperformanceoreffortthatwasrewarded?”concludesThomasGoschke,ProfessorofGeneralPsychologyatTUDresdenandspokespersonofS

FB940.8.WiththeexamplesinParagraph2,theauthoraimsto________A.challengesomescientifictheoriesB.encouragepeopletomakegreateffortsC.inspiresomeresearcho

npeople’seffortsD.explainthemotivationbehindpeople’sefforts9.Whatdidtheresearcherswanttofindoutbymeasuringtheparticipants’heartactivity

?A.Theirwillingnesstoperformthetask.B.Theimpactoftasksontheparticipants.C.Theefforttheyputinthecognitivetask.D.Theirreaction

todifficultcognitivetasks.10.Whatcanwelearnaboutthesubjectswhowererewardedforeffort?A.Theyweremotivatedtochallengethemselves.B.Theyalwaysexpecte

dtoreceiveabiggerreward.C.Theyturnedouttobeclevererthanthecontrolgroup.D.Theywereabletofigureoutbetterwaystosolveproblems.11.W

hatwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?A.WorkhardtoimproveyourselfB.LearntoenjoycognitiveeffortC.IttakestimeforyourefforttopayoffD.I

tisworthwhiletoperformdifficulttasks【18】江苏省泰州中学2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次月检Dailylifehasitssatisfactions.Theperfectreplyto

afriend’stextmessage.Thefirstafter-workdrink.Butdoanyreallycomparetothejoyofgoingtosleep?Somehowwehavepushedthispleasuretothebackofthequeu

e.AthirdofAmericanadultsreportsleepinglessthantherecommendedsevenhours.Forsome,theproblemismodernlife:emails,to-dolistsandscr

eens.Forotherpeople,it’sthedemandsofworkorfamily.Thentherearethosewhocan’tsleepwhentheytry.Uptoonein10adultscouldmeetthec

riteria(标准)forinsomnia(失眠).Themixofexperienceshasledustotakesleepingmorescientifically.Acenturyago,weweren’tawarethatthebrain

’selectricalactivitychangesduringsleep.Nowthere’sevidencethatalackofsleepisassociatedwithhigherriskofdepression,cancer,

Alzheimer’sandobesity.ResearchpublishedintheEuropeanHeartJournalrecentlyreportsthatheartdiseasewasloweramongpeoplewho

wenttosleepbetween10pmand11pm,nomatterhowlongtheyslept.Suchresearchisallwellandgood.Butaftertheriseofstepcounters,is

sleepthenextpartofhumanexperiencethatwillbecomeincreasinglytracked,countedandcompared?WesighatLinkedInuserswhoclaimtow

akeupat5amandlearnChinese.Butwhatifpeoplearetoocommittedtoagoodsleep?SleepresearcherMatthewWalkeroncesaid,“Ihaveanon-negotiableeight

-hoursleepopportunitywindow.”Butforme,makingone’ssleepsoinflexiblejuststrikesmeasrathercoldlyindividualistic.S

tressingourselvesoutaboutalackofsleepcanaggravatetheproblem.InhisbookOvercomingInsomniaandSleepProblems,OxfordprofessorColinEspiewrites

about“orthosomnia”,wherepeople’sattentionissofocusedonsleepingwellthattheybecometooanxioustodoso.Espiesaysweeachhaveasleeppatternthat,

likeashoesize,wefigureoutthroughtrialanderror.Theresearchonbedtimesbetween10pmand11pmwillcheerthosewholeave

partiesearlyandgiveuplate-nightfootballhighlights,butitestablishesnocausallink.Genetically,somehumansarelarks(云雀)andsomeareowls.Foranowltotrytofightt

heirnaturalschedule,andsleepearlier,itwouldn’tnecessarilyhelp.Oncewewereurgedtosleepwhenweweredead.Nowtheen

lightenedtellustosleeporwewilldie.Idon’treallybelieveanyofthis.Agoodnight’ssleepisagreatenjoyment.Asfaraspossible,itshouldalsoremainasimpleone.

12.WhatdocsParagraph3mainlytellus?A.WepaytoomuchattentiontosleephoursB.Ourancestorsalwayssufferedfromalackofsleep.C.Ourmentalhealthiscloselyrela

tedtoourbrainactivityD.Wenowhaveabetterunderstandingofthebenefitsofsleep.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“aggravate”inParagraph5

probablymean?A.Ease.B.Worsen.C.Prevent.D.Address.14.WhichofthefollowingmightColinEspieagreewith?A.Weshouldrespecteveryone

’ssleeppattern.B.Anowlshouldtryhardtogoagainsttheirnature.C.Itisnecessarytocomparedifferentsleeppatterns.D.Weshouldchangeoursleeppa

tternswhennecessary.15.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toshowtheimportanceofsleep.B.Toanalyzethecauseofinsomnia.C.Topersuadepe

opletogotobedearly.D.Toreducepeople’sanxietyaboutsleep.【19】江西省名校高中2022-2023学年高三上学期联合测评Musiccanreallyaffectyour

well-being,learning,qualityoflife,andevenhappiness.Thefactthatmusiccanmakeadifficulttaskmoretolerablemaybewhystudentsoftenchoosetolistentoi

twhiledoingtheirhomework.Butislisteningtomusicthesmartchoiceforstudentswhowanttoimprovetheirlearning?Anewstudysuggeststhatforsomestud

ents,listeningtomusicisawisestrategy,butforothers,itisn’t.Theeffectofmusiconcognitive(认知的)functionappearstodependpartlyonyourpersona

lity—specifically,onyourneedforexternalstimulation(刺激).Researchersnotonlyassessedlisteners’personalitybutalsochangedthedifficultyofthetaskandthe

complexityofthemusic.Participantsfirstcompletedapersonalitytestusedtodeterminetheneedforexternalstimulation.Then

,theyengagedinaneasycognitivetask(searchingfortheletterAinlistsofwords)andamorechallengingone(rememberingwordpairs)inorder.Parti

cipantsfinishedbothtasksunderoneoftwosoundconditions:(1)nomusic,(2)withmusic.Thedatasuggestthatforthose

withahighneedofexternalstimulation,onthesimpletaskoffindingA’s,thescoresforthemusicconditionweresignificantlyworsethanthoseforthe

silentcondition.Onthecomplextaskoflearningwordpairs,theirperformancewasworsewhenevermusicwasplayed.Forthosewithalowneedofexterna

lstimulation,however,onthesimpletask,suchparticipants’scoresforthemusicconditionweremuchbetterthanthoseforthesilentcondition.Onthecomplextaskoflear

ningwordpairs,theparticipantsshowedasmallbutreliablebenefitwhenlisteningtomusic.Accordingtothestudy,thereareindiv

idualdifferencesintheimpactofmusiconcognitivefunction.Studentswhoareeasilyboredandwhoseekoutstimulationshouldbecautiousofaddingmusictothem

ix.Ontheotherhand,studentswithalowneedforstimulationmaybenefitsignificantlyfromthepresenceofmusic.Withtherightpersonality,therightmusicandtheri

ghttask,thepresenceofmusicmaysignificantlyimprovecognitivefunctioning.Giventhebenefitsofmusic,subscriptiontoSpotifywillberewarding!12.Whatca

nwelearnaboutthestudyinparagraph2?A.Itonlyinvolvedtheparticipants’responsetomusic.B.Participantscompletedtwotasks

whencomposingsongs.C.Thedifficultyofthetwotasksdecreasedintheexperiment.D.Participantsweregroupedbytheirneedforext

ernalstimulation.13.Whatcanweinferfromtheresultoftheresearch?A.Thecomplexityoftasksmightreducethebenefitofmusic.B.Students

shouldlistentomusicwhenperformingcomplextasks.C.Studentswithlessexternalstimulationperformbadlywithmusic.D.Thepresenceofmusicbenefitsstudentswh

oseekforexternalstimulation.14.Whatmighttheunderlinedword“Spotify”be?A.Atravelguide.B.Apsychologyjournal.C.A

musicplatform.D.Apersonalitytest.15.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthearticle?A.Whyismusicessentialinyourstudy?B.Ismusicbeneficialto

yourpersonality?C.Howcanmusicaffectyourexternalstimulation?D.Doesmusicpromoteyourcognitiveperformance?【20】湖北省荆州

荆门宜昌三校2022-2023学年高三上学期联考试题Petindustryseemstoresistgravity．Withcontinualgrowthoverthepast50years，itshowsnosignofslowingdown．Withpeopletreatingtheirp

etsmoreandmorelikeafamilymember，thepetindustrycontinuestoseeariseinrelatedproductsandservices．ThepetindustryintheUSAre

achedamilestonein2020，withtotalsalesof$103．6billion，ahistorichigh，accordingtotheAmericanPetProductsAssociationStateoftheIndustryReport，

comparedtosalesof$48billionin2010．Thatismorethana100%increaseinjusttenyearsinwhatyoumightconsidertobearelati

velyboringindustry．Thepetsupplementindustryhasbeengrowingrapidlyaspetownerstreattheircatslikeamemberofthefamily，almostmirroringhumanbehavior．Payatt

entiontowhathumantrendsforhealthasitmightcrossovertotheirpets．Andifyouthoughtproductinnovationwaslimitedtohumans，youw

ouldbewrong．Wearestartingtoseesignificantamountsofinnovationinpetproductresearchanddevelopment．Forexample:petwipes．Petwipe

sareessentiallymoisttowelettes(湿纸巾)usedonpetsaftergoingtothebathroom．Anotherrelativelynewpetproductcategoryispettoothpaste．Thesametrendgoesintheh

igh-endproductaswell．Ifitwillmaketheirpetshappier，there’sagroupofownerswhowillbuyit．Andthatincludesrelativelyexpensiveluxur

yproducts．Anewbrandofkittylitter(猫砂)changescolorbasedonacat’surinepHlevelsandthecompanyclaimsthattheproducthelpsca

townersdetectillnessintheircats．Itseemsthatanythinghumansneed，petsneed．So，perhapsit’snotsurprisingthatpetinsuranceisontherise．Theglobalpetinsura

ncemarketsizewasestimatedat$3．8billionin2019andisexpectedtoreach$4．4billionin2020accordingtoGrandViewResearch．EvenLemonade，theAI-po

weredinsurerrecentlylauncheditsownpetinsurancecoverage．32．Whatmakespetindustrycontinuetodevelop？A．ItsresistancetogravityB．People’sg

rowthofloveforpetsC．ThesupportofsomeorganizationsD．Thefashionableproductsandservices33．Inwhatwayisthegrowthofpetindustryreflected？A．Thedi

versityofpetsB．Thefamilymembers’behaviorC．TheamountofmoneyspentonitD．Human’sneedsfortheirownlife34．Accordingtothepassage，whatarethet

rendsofpetindustrymainlyabout？A．Pets’healthandwellbeingB．Pets’appearanceandbeautyC．Pets’trainingandbehavi

orD．Pets’rescueandprotection35．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle？A．Whatistheinfluenceofpetindustry？B．Whydopetownerstreatpetskindly？C．D

oesapetbelongtofamilymembers？D．Howdoespetindustrycontinuegrowing？【21】广东省深圳市重点高中2023届高三上学期第二次月考Wearetheproductsofevolution,andnotj

ustevolutionthatoccurredbillionsofyearsago.Asscientistslookdeeperintoourgenes（基因）,theyarefindingexampl

esofhumanevolutioninjustthepastfewthousandyears.PeopleinEthiopianhighlandshaveadaptedtolivingathighaltitudes.Ca

ttle-raisingpeopleinEastAfricaandnorthernEuropehavegainedamutation（突变）thathelpsthemdigestmilkasadults.OnThursdayinanarticlepublishedinCell,ateamofre

searchersreportedanewkindofadaptation—nottoairortofood,buttotheocean.Agroupofsea-dwellingpeopleinSoutheastAsiahaveevolvedintobet

terdivers.TheBajau,asthesepeopleareknown,numberinthehundredsofthousandsinIndonesia,MalaysiaandthePhilippines.Theyhavetraditionallylivedonhou

seboats;inrecenttimes,they’vealsobuilthousesonstilts（支柱）incoastalwaters.“Theyaresimplyastrangertotheland,”saidRodneyC.Jubila

do,aUniversityofHawaiiresearcherwhostudiestheBajau.Dr.JubiladofirstmettheBajauwhilegrowinguponSamalIslandinthePhilippines.Theymadealiv

ingasdivers,spearfishingorharvestingshellfish.“Weweresoamazedthattheycouldstayunderwatermuchlongerthanuslocalislanders,”Dr.Jubiladosaid,“Icouldseethe

mactuallywalkingunderthesea.”In2015,MelissaIlardo,thenagraduatestudentingeneticsattheUniversityofCopenhagen,heardabou

ttheBajau.Shewonderedifcenturiesofdivingcouldhaveledtotheevolutionofphysicalcharacteristicsthatmadethet

askeasierforthem.“Itseemedliketheperfectchancefornaturalselectiontoactonapopulation,”saidDr.Ilardo.Shealsosaidtherewerelikelyanumberofotherge

nesthathelptheBajaudive.22.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusbytheexamplesinparagraph1?A.Environmentaladaptationofcattleraiser

s.B.Newknowledgeofhumanevolution.C.Recentfindingsofhumanorigin.D.Significanceoffoodselection.23.WheredotheBaja

ubuildtheirhouses?A.Invalleys.B.Nearrivers.C.Onthebeach.D.Offthecoast.24.WhywastheyoungJubiladoastonishedattheBajau?A.The

ycouldwalkonstiltsallday.B.Theyhadasuperbwayoffishing.C.Theycouldstaylongunderwater.D.Theylivedonbothlandandw

ater.25.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.BodiesRemodeledforaLifeatSeaB.Highlanders’SurvivalSkillsC.BasicMethod

sofGeneticResearchD.TheWorld’sBestDivers【22】江苏省南京市2023届高三上学期10月学情调查考试Withnospecialequipment,nofencesandnowatering,twoaban

donedagriculturalfieldsintheUKhavebeenrewilded(重新野化),inlargepartduetotheeffortsofjays,whichactually“engineered”thesenewwoodlan

ds.Researchersnowhopethatrewildingprojectscantakeamorenaturalandhands-offapproachandthatjayscanshedsomeoftheirbadreputations.Thet

wofields,whichresearchershavecalledtheNewWildernessandtheOldWilderness,hadbeenabandonedin1996and1961respectively.Theformerwasabarefie

ld,whilethelatterwasgrassland—bothlaynexttoancientwoodlands.Researchershadsuspectedthatthefieldswouldgraduallyreturntowilderness,butitwasimp

ressivetoseejusthowquicklythishappened,andhowmuchofitwasowedtobirds.Usingaerialdata,theresearchersmonitoredthetwosites.Af

terjust24years,theNewWildernesshadgrownintoayoung,healthywoodwith132livetreesperhectare,overhalfofwhich(57%)wereoa

ks.Meanwhile,theOldWildernessresembledamaturewoodlandafter39years,with390treesperhectare.“Thisnativew

oodlandrestorationwasapproachingthestructure(butnotthespeciescomposition)oflong-establishedwoodlandswithinsixdecades,”ther

esearchersexplainedinthestudy.Partofthisreforestationwasdonebythewind,andresearcherssuspectthatpreviousgrounddisturbancemayhaveaidedthewoodlan

destablishment—whichisgoodnews,asitwouldsuggestthatagriculturalareasmaybereforestedfasterthananticipated.However,animals—Eurasianjays,

thrushes,woodmice,andsquirrels—alsoplayedanimportantroleinhelpingtheforeststakeshape.Thishandfulofspeciesprovidedmuchofthenaturalregen

erationneededfortheforesttodevelop.Jays,inparticular,seemtohavedonealotofheavylifting.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword

“shed”inParagraph1referto？A.Beopposedto.B.Beashamedof.C.Getusedto.D.Getridof.33.Whichaspectofthechange

sinthetwofieldsimpressedtheresearchers?A.Thescaleofthewoodlands.B.Thediversityofthefields.C.Therateofthechanges.D.Thefrequencyofthe

wilderness.34.WhatdoestheauthorwanttotellusbyprovidingsomedatainParagragh3?A.Thewoodlandrestorationwasapproachingthestructureoflong-esta

blishedones.B.Muchofthewildernessofthefieldswasowedtobirds.C.Previousgrounddisturbanceaidedthewoodlandestablishmen

t.D.Howquicklythefieldsreturnedtowildernessovertime.35.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Theesse

ntialroleofhumansinthereforestation.B.Thefactorsthatcontributetothereforestation.C.Theimportanceofwoodlandes

tablishment.D.Thethreatsfacedbyahandfulofwildanimals.【23】湖北省襄阳市重点高中2022-2023学年高三上学期第二次月考Anewstudyfocusedonbirdsexamineshowthemovementsofriversinthe

Amazonhavecontributedtothatarea'sexceptionalbiologicaldiversity.Theresearchteam,ledbytheAmericanMuseumofNaturalHistory,foundthata

ssmallriversystemschangeovertime,theyspurtheevolutionofnewspecies.ThefindingsalsorevealpreviouslyunknownbirdspeciesintheAmazonthatar

eonlyfoundinsmallareasnexttothesedynamicriversystems,puttingthemathighriskofextinction.ThelowlandrainforestsoftheAmazonRiverbasinha

rbor(藏匿)morediversitythananyotherecosystemontheplanet.Itisalsoagloballyimportantbiome(生物群落)containingabout18percent

ofalltreesonEarthandcarryingmorefreshwaterthanthenextsevenlargestriverbasinscombined.Researchershavelongwonderedandhotlydebated

howtheAmazon'srichbiodiversityaroseandaccumulated.“EarlyevolutionarybiologistslikeAlfredRusselWallacenoticedthatmanyspeciesofprimatesandb

irdsdifferacrossoppositeriverbanksintheAmazon,”saidthestudy'sleadauthorLukasMusher.“Moreover,accumulatinggeologicalevidencehassuggestedthat

theseriversarehighlydynamic,movingaroundtheSouthAmericanlandscapeoverrelativelyshorttimeperiods,ontheorderofthousandsortens

ofthousandsofyears.”Toinvestigatehowthemovementofriversacrossthelandscapehasinfluencedtheaccumulatio

nofbirdspeciesintheAmazon,theresearcherssequencedthegenomes(基因组)ofsixspeciesofAmazonianbirds.Becausetheseriversmovearoundthelandscap

eatdifferenttimescales,theirmovementscanhavevaryingoutcomesforbirdspecies:whenriverrearrangementsoccurquickly,populationsofbirdso

neachsidecancombinebeforethey'vehadtimetodiffer;whenriverchangeshappenslowly,specieshavealongertimetodivergefromoneanoth

er.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“spur”inParagraph1mean?A.Stimulate.B.Renew.C.Pursue.D.Interrupt.29.Whathaveresearchersdebatedon?A.Whatthe

Amazon'sbiodiversityindicates.B.HowtheAmazon'sbiodiversitywasformed.C.WhethertheAmazonhastherichestbiodiversity.D.WhyAmazonbirdspeciesar

eatriskofdistinction.30.WhatcanweconcludefromLukasMusher'swords?A.TherearesixspeciesofAmericanbirds.B.RiversmoveveryslowlyinSouthAmeri

ca.C.MostspeciesdifferacrossoppositeAmazonriverbanks.D.RivermovementmayleadtotheAmazon'sbiodiversity.31.Whathasinfluencedthechangeofbi

rdspeciesintheAmazon?A.Thelocationofrivermovement.B.Thepopulationsofbirds.C.Thespeedofrivermovement.D

.Theamountofthegenomes.【24】山东省潍坊市五县市2022-2023学年高三10月统考AsanyoneinmainlandBritainwhohaseverattemptedtogrow

berriesornutsorindeedfeedthebirds–willknow,doingsoisequaltoanopeningmoveinagameofchesswithlocalgreysquirrels,agamethesquirrel

stendtowin.Greysquirrelsarealsofondoftheoccasionalbird’seggortheyoungbird,andenjoytearingandeatingthebarkofyoungbroadleaftrees,whichcaneithe

rkillthetreesorleavethemopentoinfection.This,apartfromaffectingbiodiversityandlandscape,harmsthewoodindust

ry.Thelossisnotinsignificant:£37ayearinEnglandandwalks.Greysquirrels,introducedfromNorthAmericain1876,havealmostrepla

cednativeredsquirrelsbycompetingthemforfoodandhabitat.Theyarelargerandstronger,andresistanttosquirrelpoxvirus,whileredsarenot.Abou

t3milliongreysquirrelsnowliveintheUK;theInternationalUnionforConservationofNatureliststhegreysquirrelamongthetop100mostha

rmfulinvasive(入侵的)speciesintheworld.InBritain,mucheffortandinventivenesshasbeenmadeinstoppinggreysquirrel

progress,fromtrappingandshootingthem,toreleasingpinemartensintotheirhabitats.Thelatestmove,aworkablesystemforwhichwasthoughttobeadecadeaway,

isforbiddingthebreeding(繁殖)ofgreysquirrels.However,legalchallengebroughtsomanydelaysthattheinvasivegreysquirrelpopulationexpandedtoanunmanageablelev

elandwipingoutwereabandoned.ThemainissueinBritainwasthoughttobemoretechnologicalthanlegaldesigningadru

gthattargetsonlygreysquirrelstopreventtheirbreeding.AnotherpossibilityintheyearsaheadistouseDNAeditingtoensuregreyfemalearebornuna

bletogivebirth.Greysquirrelshavenowbeenherefornearly150years.TheydoactivelythreatenanotherspeciesinBritain.Thereisastrongargum

entthatecosystemschange.Infact,thatistheiressentialnature,anditisunrealistictostopit.Theattractionofcontrollingthe

breedingmethodsofgreysquirrelsisthattheyarelessinhumane,andaimforbalanceratherthanuprooting.28.Whatdoestheauthorfocusonin

paragraph1?A.Theharmfromgreysquirrels.B.Theeatinghabitsofgreysquirrels.C.Theeffectofgreysquirrelsonindustry.D.

ThegamebetweentheBritishandgreysquirrels.29.Whatledtothevictoryofgreysquirrelsoverreds?A.Theirhugenumber.B.Theiruniqueorigins.C.Theirbreedingab

ility.D.Theirphysicalqualities.30.WhatisthemaindifficultyinremovinggreysquirrelsinBritain?A.Lesslabour.B.Shortageofmoney.

C.Imperfectlaw.D.Lackoftechnology.31.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoforbiddingthebreedingofgreysquirrels?A.Unclear.B.Objective.C.Favorable.D.Do

ubtful.