【文档说明】2023届高考二轮总复习试题 英语 （适用于老高考旧教材） 专题一 阅读理解 考点分类练12　主旨大意题——段落大意类 Word版含解析.docx，共(6)页，28.654 KB，由小赞的店铺上传

转载请保留链接：https://www.doc5u.com/view-0aa0dd9ccf67a3f69ceaf4790c5b9d76.html

以下为本文档部分文字说明：

考点分类练(十二)主旨大意题——段落大意类Passage1(2022黑龙江齐齐哈尔一模)Theworldisgettinggreener,accordingtoanewstudypublishedinNaturethisweek.ChiChen,leadauthorofthestud

y,andhiscolleagueshavebeenminingdatacollectedbyanorbitingNASAcamerathatmonitorsgreenvegetationonEarth’ssurface,daybyday.Evenmoreinterest

ing:Theyareabletoshowtheexactcausesofincreasingordecreasingleafcoverinparticularareas.Insomecoldplaces,increaseinleafcoverapparentlyresulte

dfromglobalwarming.Sincetheclimateisbecomingmoreandmoretemperateandthegrowingseasonisgettinglongerandlonger,theplantsaregrowingbiggerandleafierther

e.“OnelargeareaofBrazillostvegetation.Ipersonallycheckedthedata,andthat’sbecauseoflackofrain,”Chensaid.Themoststrikingchanges,though,weretheresultofh

umandecisionsinChinaandIndia.Bothcountrieshavebeengettingalotgreener.ThegreeningofIndia,Chensays,comesfromahugeexpansionofirrig

atedagriculture.“Insteadofhavingjustcropswhenit’sraining,theyalsohaveawholesixmonthsofcroppingandgreennesswhenit’snotraining,”hesa

ys.“Thisversionofgreeningisn’treallysogreatfortheenvironment,though.Theirrigationdrainsgroundwater,vegetationiswipedawayatharvesttimeandtheextrachemi

calsfarmersuseproducegreenhousegases.”InChina,though,abouthalfofthenewleafcoverthatChendetectedappearstobetheresultofamassivereforestationeff

ort.It’sagovernment-supportedattempttopreventdisastrousduststormsthatresultedfromearlierdeforestation.“Theyarereallydoingagoo

djob,”Chensays.“Theyhavealargeandcomprehensivetree-plantingprogram.Thosetreeswillstayinplace,capturing(捕捉)dustandalsoCO2,thegreenhousegas.

They’llstoreitinwood,rootsandsoil,doingtheirparttoslowglobalwarming.”1.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlinedword“temperate”inparagra

ph3?A.Warm.B.Wet.C.ColdD.Dry.2.WhathasledtothedecreaseofleafcoverintheBrazilianarea?A.Treecutting.B.Dryweather.C.Seasonalharvest.D.Desertifi

cation.3.HowdoesChiChenprobablyfeelaboutthegreeninginIndia?A.Excited.B.Puzzled.C.Worried.D.Annoyed.4.Whatisthela

stparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thebenefitsoftreeplanting.B.Theharmofglobalwarming.C.ThecostsofgreeninginChina.D.ThecauseofgreeninginChina.Passage2(2022吉

林延边一模)Manypeoplehavewarmmemoriesofplayinggameswhilegrowingup.Doyourememberrunningaroundoutsideasachildplayingrock-paper-sciss

ors?Youmaynothaverealizedit,butgamesareaveryimportantpartoflife.Duringprehistorictimes,humanswouldplayagamecalledKnucklebones.T

oplayKnucklebones,theplayerswouldbalancesmallobjectslikesheepanklebonesonthetopoftheirhands,toss(抛掷)themintotheair

,andthentrytocatchasmanyaspossible.Butwhydopeoplelovegamessomuch?Theyarefuntoplay,butthatisn’ttheonlyreason.Formost,gamesare“likechoco

late:aguiltypleasureconsumedsecretly”,Canadian-AmericangamedesignerSidMeiersaid,“Theyhaveaseriesofintere

stingchoices.”Therock-paper-scissorsgameisjustanexample.Ineveryturn,peoplemakeajudgment,whichisoftenbasedontheirpersonalitiesandp

astexperiences.“Navigatingthesechoicesshapesthecourseofplay,revealingwhoweareandhowwethink,”TheNewYorkTime

snoted.“Playingagameisanactofexposition(展示).”Gamessuchasthisrequireafasterwayofthinkingthanineverydaylife.Butinterestingly,whenthegam

eisover,theplayerscanswitchoutofacompetitionmodequicklyandreturntonormal.“Itseparatesagamefromreality,”SamVonEhrenofTheNew

YorkTimeswrote.“Wecanenterandexitthemagiccirclefreely.”Gamescanalsobeusedtohelpimprovecriticalthinkingskills.JusttakeGoa

sanexample.GoisagamethatwasmadeinancientChina,anditisstillevenplayedtoday.Eventhoughwedon’texactlyknowhowGostar

ted,manyresearchersthinkitwasinventedtohelpteachtacticsandstrategyskills.Eventoday,gamesarebeingusedtohelpsolvereal

-worldproblems.Thesetypesofgamesarecalledseriousgames,andtheyareusedtohelpfindsolutionstoproblemsinfieldssuchaseducati

onandhealthcare,amongothers.Perhapsplayinggameshelpsustothinkoutsidetheboxinafunandinterestingway.5.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellus?A.Thewayto

playKnucklebones.B.ThedevelopmentofKnucklebones.C.ThepopularityofKnucklebones.D.TheobjectsofKnucklebones.6.Whatcanwesayabouttherock-paper-scisso

rsgame?A.Itisagameofeatingchocolate.B.Itshowstheplayers’personalities.C.Thewayofthinkingisanecessaryrul

e.D.Judgmentsdecidetheplayers’pastexperiences.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinparagraph6mean?A.Awareness.B.Emotion.C

.Politeness.D.Method.8.Whatcanweinferaboutgames?A.Gamesarenothingbutfunandinteresting.B.Gamesareseriousintheworldofadults.C.Pla

yinggamesmayencouragecreativity.D.Weshouldplaygameswhilesolvingproblems.Passage3(2022江西九江二模)Anewstudywarns1,500endang

eredlanguagescouldnolongerbespokenbytheendofthiscentury.Thestudy,ledbyTheAustralianNationalUniversity(ANU),

identifiedpredictorsthatputendangeredlanguagesathighrisk.Co-authorProfessorLindellBromhamsaidthatoftheworld’s7,000recognizedlan

guages,aroundhalfwerecurrentlyendangered.“Wefoundthatwithoutimmediateintervention,languagelosscouldtripleinthenext40years.Andbytheend

ofthiscentury,1,500languagescouldceasetobespoken.”Theirstudyfindsthewidestrangeoffactorseverputtingendangeredlanguagesunderpress

ure.Onefindingwasthatmoreyearsofschoolingincreasedtheleveloflanguageendangerment.Theresearcherssayitshowsweneedtobuil

dcurriculathatsupportbilingualeducation,promotingbothnativelanguageproficiencyaswellasuseofregionally-dominantlanguag

es.“Acrossthe51factorsorpredictorsweinvestigated,wealsofoundsomereallyunexpectedandsurprisingpressurepoints.Thisincludedro

addensity,”ProfessorBromhamsaid.Headded,“Contactwithotherlocallanguagesisnottheproblem.Butwefoundthatthemoreroadsthereare,conn

ectingthecountrytocities,andvillagestotowns,thehighertheriskoflanguagesbeingendangered.It’sasifroadsarehelpingdominant(主导的)

languages‘steamroll’overothersmallerlanguages.”ProfessorBromhamsaidthestudy’sfindingswereavitalremindert

hatmoreactionwasurgentlyneededtopreserveat-risklanguages.Headded,“Whenalanguageislost,oris‘sleeping’aswesayforlanguagesthatarenolongers

poken,welosesomuchofourhumanculturaldiversity.Everylanguageisbrilliantinitsownway.Manyofthelanguagespredictedtobelostt

hiscenturystillhavefluentspeakers,sothereisstillthechancetoinvestinsupportingcommunitiestobringnativelanguagesbacktolif

eandkeepthemstrongforfuturegenerations.”9.Whichsuggestionismentionedtosavetheendangeredlanguages?A.Settingupbilingualcourses.B.Avoidingbuildi

ngmoreroads.C.Openingmorelocalschools.D.Contactingdifferentlanguages.10.Whatdoestheauthormainlytellusinparagraph3?A.Someexactexamplesforth

enewresearch.B.Detailedwaystohelpdominantlanguages.C.Differentfactorstobrightenat-risklanguages.D.Elementstomakeendangeredlanguagesatrisk.11.What’s

Bromham’sattitudetowardssavingat-risklanguages?A.Indifferent.B.Hopeless.C.Optimistic.D.Uncertain.12.Whatcanbet

hebesttitleforthetext?A.1,500endangeredlanguagesathighrisk.B.Anewstudyconcerningdominantlanguages.C.Reasonsputtinglanguagesunderp

ressure.D.Somegoodwaystosaveendangeredlanguages.考点分类练(十二)主旨大意题——段落大意类Passage1【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了ChiChe

n及同事利用在轨卫星的地面监控数据分析全球绿地面积的变化。1.A解析词义猜测题。根据画线词前“Insomecoldplaces,increaseinleafcoverapparentlyresultedfromglobalwarmin

g.”及后面的“andthegrowingseasonisgettinglongerandlonger,theplantsaregrowingbiggerandleafierthere”可知,植物长得越来越大,叶子也越来越多是因为气候变暖。因此画线词temperate意为

“暖和的”,故选A项。2.B解析细节理解题。根据第四段中“Ipersonallycheckedthedata,andthat’sbecauseoflackofrain”可知,巴西地区树叶覆盖的减少是因为天气干燥。3.C解析推理判断题。根据第六段中“Thisversionof

greeningisn’treallysogreat...useproducegreenhousegases.”可知,过度耕种会对环境造成负面影响。由此推知,ChiChen对印度的过度耕作所造成的绿地面积增加感到担心。4.D解析主旨大意题。根据最后一

段的“InChina,though,abouthalf...resultedfromearlierdeforestation.”可知,最后一段主要讲的是中国的绿化事业。Passage2【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是玩游戏的好处。5.A解析主旨大意题

。根据第二段中“ToplayKnucklebones,theplayerswould...andthentrytocatchasmanyaspossible.”可知,第二段主要讲的是玩Knucklebones这个游戏的方法,即ThewaytoplayK

nucklebones。6.B解析细节理解题。根据第四段中“Therock-paper-scissorsgameisjustanexample...‘Playingagameisanactofexpo

sition.’”可知,石头剪刀布游戏展示了玩家的个性。7.D解析词义猜测题。根据第六段中“Gamescanalsobeusedtohelpimprovecriticalthinkingskills.JusttakeGoasanexample.”和“

manyresearchersthinkitwasinventedtohelpteach”和“andstrategyskills”可知,围棋是为了帮助教和“策略技巧”类似的东西,也就是“方法”,因此画线词tactics的意思是“方法”,和method意思相近。8.C解析推理

判断题。根据最后一段中“Perhapsplayinggameshelpsustothinkoutsidetheboxinafunandinterestingway.”可推断出,玩游戏也许会激发创造力。Passage3【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明

,到本世纪末,1500种濒临灭绝的语言将不再被使用,如果不立即进行干预,语言丧失将在未来40年增加两倍。9.A解析细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Theresearcherssayitshows...useofreg

ionally-dominantlanguages.”可知,拯救濒危语言的建议是开设双语课程。10.D解析主旨大意题。根据第三段的主要内容,尤其是第一句“Theirstudyfindsthewidestrangeoffactorseverputtinge

ndangeredlanguagesunderpressure.”可知,第三段主要讲的是这些造成语言濒临灭绝的因素。11.C解析推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Manyofthelanguagespredicted...strongfor

futuregenerations.”推知,布罗姆对拯救濒危语言持乐观的态度。