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开鲁一中2020-2021学年度上学期高三年级第三次阶段性考试英语学科试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡/纸上。2.作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡/纸上，写在本试卷上无效。3.短文改错务必用直尺辅助作答并严格按照短文改错要求作答。4.不使用两色

笔。5.写作时，不能暴露考区考点。第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFirePreventionInformationTheUnivers

ityofAdelaideemploysafull-timestaffoffirepreventionprofessionals.Theyinspectallcampusbuildingsandtestandmaintainallsprinkler(喷水灭火装置)systemsf

irealarmsandfireextinguishers(灭火器).Theyalsoprovideeducationalprogramsorfiresafetyintheresidencehall.Wheneveryoumov

etoanewarea,youshouldlocatethefirealarmpullstationsandthetwoexitsnearestyourroom.FireAlarmsThefloorsofallcampusbuildingsareequippedwithma

nual(手动的)firealarmsystemswhichincludefirealarmpullstationsandpipes.Mostarealsoequippedwithautomaticfirealarmsystemsconsistingofheatde

tectors,smokedetectorsandsprinklers.Foryoursafety,nevertamperwith(胡乱摆弄)thesesystems.Falsefirealarmsareillegaland

mayleadtoimprisonment.FireDrillsAfiredrillwillbeconductedinyourresidencehalleverysemester.Duringafiredrill,p

leasedothefollowing:·TakeyourroomkeyandID[Failedtodownloadimage:http://qbm-images.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/QBM/2020/8/3/2519867658747904/2

522076407029760/STEM/27096eaa2417471aa51c358ccc1823c6.png]closeandlockthedoortoyourroom.·Exitimmediatelyfromthenearestemergencyexitdonotusealift.·Me

etoutsideofyourresidencehallandwaitforfurtherinstructions.FireExtinguishersFireextinguishersarelocatedoneachfloorandineachapartment.Useafireextin

guisheronlyifyouhavebeentrainedtodoso.Irresponsibleuseofafireextinguishercancreateadangeroussituationforoth

erresidentsandcouldresultindamagetopersonalproperty.Misuseofafireextinguisherwillresultinfines.SmokeDetectorAsmokedetectorisonthecei

linginyourroom.Somebuildingsalsohaveheatdetectorsontheceilings.Dothefollowingtoensurethesafeoperationofyoursmokedetector:·

Ifyoursmokedetectorisworkingproperly,theredlightshouldbeon.Iftheredlightisnotblinking(闪动)，contactresidencehallstaffimmediately.·Donotc

overorblockyoursmokedetectorinanyway.·Ifasmokedetectorsetsoffanalarmandthereisnofireorsmoke,informyourhallstaff.1.

Whatdotheautomaticfirealarmsystemsinclude?A.Pipesandsmokedetectors.B.Smokedetectorsandsprinklers.C.Firealarmpullst

ationsandpipes.D.Sprinklersandfirealarmpullstations2.Whatdoweknowabouttheuseoffireextinguishers?A.Usingthemwronglyre

sultsinpunishment.B.Irresponsibleuseofthemcandamagethem.C.Improperuseofthemcandestroytheapartment.D.Usingthemwithoutatrainerpresentisforbid

den.3.Toensurethesafeoperationofthesmokedetector,oneshould_________.A.contactthehallstaffregularlyB.coverthethingsthatburneasil

yC.startthesmokedetectorinafireD.makecertaintheredlightisworking【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】这是一篇应用文。介绍了防火的相关信息，包括：警报器的种类

、消防演习的注意事项、灭火器的使用、烟雾检测器的信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Mostarealsoequippedwithautomaticfirealarmsystemsconsistingofheatdetectors,s

mokedetectorsandsprinklers.可知大多数还配备了自动火灾报警系统，包括热探测器、烟雾探测器和洒水器。由此可知，火灾自动报警系统包括烟雾探测器和洒水器。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据FireExtinguishers部分中Misuseofafireexti

nguisherwillresultinfines.可知滥用灭火器会导致罚款。由此可知，不恰当地使用灭火器会导致被处罚。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段·Ifyoursmokedetectorisworkingprope

rly,theredlightshouldbeon.Iftheredlightisnotblinking(闪动)，contactresidencehallstaffimmediately.可知·如果您的烟雾探测器工作

正常，红色指示灯应该是亮的。如遇红灯不闪烁，应立即与宿舍工作人员联系。由此可知，为了确保烟雾探测器的安全运行，应该确保红灯在工作。故选D。BStephenWamukota,anine-year-oldfromMukwavillageinWesternKe

nya,ismakingheadlinesworldwideforhiscreativehandwashingmachine.Theyoungboycameupwiththeideaafterwatchingvillagers,whodonothaveeasyaccesstorunningwat

erandstruggletofindaneffectivewaytowashtheirhandstoavoidspreadingandcatchingCOVID-19.Usingthefewreso

urceshecouldget—wood,nails,andabucket—Stephendesignedandbuiltasimplebutfunctionalwashingstation.Thecle

vercreation,whichismadeupoftwopedals（踏板）—onetoreleasesoapandtheothertoreleasewater—enablesvillagerstow

ashtheirhandscontact-free,thusreducingthelikelihoodofcatchingtheinfectiousdisease."Ihadboughtsomepiecesofwo

odtomakeawindowframe,butwhenIcamebackhomeafterworkoneday,IfoundthatStephenhadmadethemachine,"hisfather,James,toldthemedia."Theconceptwashis,and

Ihelpedtightenthemachine.I'mveryproud."JamescreditsStephen'sbuildingskilltothevillageschool'scurriculum(课程),whichte

acheschildrentoconstructitemsfromaveryyoungage.Theinvention,whichwentviralafterJamespostedaphotoonline,hasmadeStephenaninstantcelebrityinKenya.Ine

arlyJune2020,thecountry'sleadergaveStephentheUzalendoAwardformakingsignificantcontributionstowardsthenation'sf

ightagainstCOVID-19.Stephenhasalsobeenpromisedafullscholarshiptoaschoolthatcandevelophiscreativetalent,bythecountygo

vernor.Thoughthrilledattheunexpectedfameandsuccess,Stephenisnotsatisfiedwithwhathehasachieved.Theyoungboyhasalreadybuiltanotherhandwas

hingmachineandplansonaddingseveralmore.4.WhatinspiredStephentodesignthehandwashingmachine?A.Theschoolprojecthe

wasworkingon.B.Thefewresourceshecoulduseinhishouse.C.Thedifficultythevillagershadkeepingtheirhandsclean.D.Thenumberofthevillager

sgettinginfectedwiththedisease.5.What'stheoriginalfunctionofthepiecesofwood?A.Tomaketheframeofawindow.B.Tostartafire

tocookmeals.C.Tocreatetwopedalsofamachine.D.Toconstructahandwashingmachine.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"wentviral"inParagraph4mean?A.Spreadrap

idly.B.Disappearedsuddenly.C.Improvedimmediately.D.Maturedgradually.7.WhatcanwelearnfromStephen'sstory?A.Agoodfameisbettertha

nanything.B.Manyhandsmakelightwork.C.Asmallchildcanmakeabigdifference.D.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.【答案】4.C5.A6.A7.C【解析】本文为新闻报道

。来自肯尼亚西部穆克瓦村的9岁男孩斯蒂芬·瓦穆克塔因其创意手洗机而登上了世界各地的头条新闻。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段Theyoungboycameupwiththeideaafterwatchingvill

agers,whodonothaveeasyaccesstorunningwaterandstruggletofindaneffectivewaytowashtheirhandstoavoidspreadingandcatchingCOVID-19(这名

小男孩是在观察村民后想出这个主意的。这些村民没有方便的自来水，并且努力寻找一种有效的洗手方式，以避免传播和感染COVID-19)可知，村民们洗手不便，激发了斯蒂芬设计洗手机的灵感，故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Ihadboughtsomepiecesofwoodt

omakeawindowframe,butwhenIcamebackhomeafterworkoneday,IfoundthatStephenhadmadethemachine,”hisfather,James,toldthemedia.(“我买了一些木头做一个窗框，但当我

一天下班回家时，我发现斯蒂芬做了那台机器，”他的父亲詹姆斯告诉媒体。)可知，木块最初是父亲用来做窗户的框架，故选A。【6题详解】短语猜测题。根据第四段Theinvention,whichwentviralafter

Jamespostedaphotoonline,hasmadeStephenaninstantcelebrityinKenya(詹姆斯在网上发布了一张照片后，这项发明迅速走红，斯蒂芬也因此在肯尼亚一夜成名)可知，这项发明使斯蒂芬在肯尼亚一

夜成名，在詹姆斯在网上发布了一张照片后便迅速传播开来，划线短语意为“迅速传播”，选项A符合语境，故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文报道了9岁的男孩发明了洗手机爆红网络，但他并不满足自己的成功，又造了一台洗手机并且打算

再造几台，可知，一个小孩也可以造成很大影响，故选C。CEcoTreasures,ayoungtourcompanybasedinSydney,haveinvolvedanewplanintheirManlyCoastalWalkstoremove

marinedebrisfromPenguinhabitats.ThetourcompanyspecializesinEcotourismexperiencesonSydney’sNorthernBeachesandwithin

Ku-ring-gaiChaseNationalPark,NewSouthWales.EcotreasureshavebeenluckytohostarangeofinternationalstudytourstudentsvisitingSydneythiswinter,w

hohavebeenparticipatingintheplan.ThestudentsarriveinAustraliaforshortstaysofgenerally7—14days,whichconsistofEnglishlesson

sandAustraliatourexperiences.EcoTreasuresowner,DamienMcClellan,hasbeenhappytohostthestudentsonhistoursandtoinvolv

eanewelementinthehalf-dayadventure,withapurposetocleanupmarinedebristhataccumulatesinthenaturalenvironmentknowntobetheha

bitatforlittlepenguins.McClellanhasbeenveryproudtorunthesetours,whichhighlightarangeofenvironmentalawarenessmessages,andmentions,“whenwevisitthelit

tlepenguinhabitatatCollinsBeachinSydneyHarbourNationalParkweconductabeachclean-up.Thestudentsalwaysputi

n110%andweremoveasmuchasmarinedebrisfromthecatchment(积水处)aspossible.Weareallgivingbacktothelocationweareappreciatingbecauseofitsnaturalbeau

ty,andI’mproudofalltheseinternationalguestscaringforAustralia’senvironment.”ThetoursofferagreatdisplayofSydney

’snaturalsettingrightonthecity’sdoorstep.Mr.McClellanalsoadds,“Thestudentsandteachersreallyenjoytheirexperienceonthewal

karoundManly.Wevisitthebeach,SydneyHarbourNationalPark,CabbagetreeAquaticreserveandManlysuburbsallinahalfdayadve

nture.Wealwayskeepthewalkfunandinterestingbyidentifyingnativeplants&searchingforWhalesfromlandwithbinoculars

andotherwildlifealongtheway.”EcoTreasureswasfoundedin2010byDamienMcClellan,andthebusinessislookingforwardtoworkin

gwithmorepartnersinthefuture,developingnewecotourismplansforarangeoftargetmarkets,andkeepingitfunispartoftheplan.EcoTreasuresisAdvancedEco

tourismandROCcertified.8.WhatdoesEcoTreasuresmainlyspecializein?A.protectingLittlePenguins.B.teachingstudentsaboutenvironmentalprotectio

n.C.cleaninguppenguinhabitats.D.holdingecotoursincertainareas.9.Theunderlinedword“debris”inParagraph1hasasimilarmea

ningto_________A.waterB.animalC.trashD.rock.10.WhatdoesMr.McClellanwanttoexpressinthethirdparagraph?A.Hisappreciationfornaturalbeauty.B.Hispur

posetorunthetours.C.Hispridetorunthetours.D.Theimportanceofraisingenvironmentalawareness.11.Wecaninferfromthefourthp

aragraphthat____________.A.thetoursarepleasantandvaluable.B.thetoursmakethestudentstired.C.thetoursareheldfarfromSydney

.D.thetoursareheldmainlyforstudents【答案】8.D9.C10.C11.A【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了悉尼的一家旅游公司在其组织的旅游活动中注入新元素——通过海滩漫步来清除企鹅栖息地的海洋垃圾。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The

tourcompanyspecializesinEcotourismexperiencesonSydney’sNorthernBeachesandwithinKu-ring-gaiChaseNationalPark,”（这家旅游公司专注于悉尼北部海

滩和新南威尔士州KuringgaiChase国家公园内的生态旅游体验）可知，EcoTreasures专注于在在某些地区建立生态保护区，故选D项。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“EcoTreasuresowner,DamienMcClellan,hasbeenhappytohostthest

udentsonhistoursandtoinvolveanewelementinthehalf-dayadventure,withapurposetocleanupmarinedebristhataccumulatesinthenaturalenvironmentknowntobethehabi

tatforlittlepenguins.”可知，EcoTreasures的老板达米恩·麦克莱伦很高兴地邀请学生们参加他的旅行，并在半天的探险中加入新的元素，目的是清理在小企鹅栖息地自然环境中堆积的海洋垃圾，因此这项新计划就是清除企鹅栖息地的海洋垃圾，由此可知画线

词词义为“垃圾”，故选C项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“McClellanhasbeenveryproudtorunthesetours,whichhighlightarangeofenvironmentalawarenessmessages”可知，组织这些

旅游活动令麦克莱伦感到很自豪，因为它们突出了一系列环保意识信息，由此可知，麦克莱伦在该段主要想表达组织这些旅游活动的自豪感，故选C项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Thestudentsandteachersreallyenjoytheire

xperienceonthewalkaroundManly.Wevisitthebeach,SydneyHarbourNationalPark,CabbagetreeAquaticreserveandManlysuburbsallinahalfdayadventure.Wealwayskeepth

ewalkfunandinterestingbyidentifyingnativeplants&searchingforWhalesfromlandwithbinocularsandotherwildlifealon

gtheway.”（学生和老师真的很享受他们在曼利散步的经历。我们游览了海滩、悉尼港国家公园、卷心菜树水生保护区和曼利郊区。我们总是通过辨认本地植物，用双筒望远镜寻找陆地上的鲸鱼和其他野生动物来保持行走的乐趣和趣味性）可知，这些旅游活动是令人愉快又有价值的，故选A项。DAn

yonewhocommutes(通勤)bycarknowsthattrafficjamsareanunavoidablepartoflife.Buthumansarenotaloneinfacingpotentialbackups.Antsalsocommute—betwee

ntheirnestandsourcesoffood.Thesurvivaloftheircoloniesdependsondoingthisefficiently.Whenhumanscommute,there’sapoi

ntatwhichcarsbecomedense(稠密)enoughtoslowdowntheflowoftraffic,causingjam.Motsch,amathematicianinArizonaStateUniversity,andhiscolleagueswan

tedtoknowifantsonthemovecouldalsogetstuck.Sotheyregulatedtrafficdensitybyconstructingbridgesofvariouswidthsbetwee

nacolonyofArgentineantsandasourceoffood.Thentheywaitedandwatched.“Thegoalwastotrytofindoutatwhatpointtheyaregoi

ngtohaveatrafficjam.”saidSebastienMotsch.Butitappearsthatthatneverhappened.Theyalwaysmanagedtoavoidtrafficjam.Theflowofantsdidincreas

eatthebeginningasantsstartedtofillthebridgeandthenlevelledoffathighdensities.Butitneversloweddownorstopped,evenwh

enthebridgewasnearlyfilledwithants.Theresearchersthentookacloserlookathowthebehaviourofindividualantsimpactedtrafficasawhole

.Andtheyfoundthatwhenantssenseovercrowding,theyadjusttheirspeedsandavoidenteringhigh-densityareas,whichpreventsjams.Thesebe

havioursmaybepromotedbypheromones,chemicalsthattellotherantswhereatrailis.Theantsalsomanagetoavoidcolli

ding(碰撞)witheachotherathighdensities,whichcouldreallyslowthemdown.ThestudyisinthejournaleLife.Canantshelpussolveourowntrafficprobl

ems?Notlikely,saysMotsch.That’sbecausewhenitcomestogettingfrompointAtopointBasfastaspossible,humandriversputt

heirowngoalsfirst.Individualantshavetobemorecooperativeinordertofeedthecolony.Buttheresearchcouldbeus

efulinimprovingtrafficflowforself-drivingcars,whichcanbedesignedtobelesslikeselfishhumans—andmorelikeants.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inpa

ra.2referto?A.Surviving.B.Commuting.C.Findingfood.D.Avoidingjams.13.Howdidtheresearcherscontrolthetraffic

densityofthecommutingants?A.Byfindingoutthedensepoints.B.Throughcloserobservation.C.Bycontrollingthewidthsoftheirp

ath.D.Byregulatingtheirnumbers.14.Accordingtotheresearch,antscanavoidtrafficjamsmainlybecause________.A.theyfollowaspecialrout

e.B.theyleveloffathighdensities.C.theyneverstoporslowdownontheway.D.theydependontheirnaturalchemicalstoadjusttheirspee

ds.15.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Trafficjams.B.Unavoidable?Notforants!C.Survivalofanantcolony.D.Differencebetweenhumanandants.【答案】12.B13.

C14.D15.B【解析】【分析】本文为议论文。我们生活中常会遇到交通拥挤的现象，蚁群中虽然蚂蚁很多，但是不会导致交通堵塞。本文用事实证明了蚁群可以避开交通堵塞。【12题详解】猜测词意题。第二段划线部分“this”的所在语境“Antsalsocommute—betweentheir

nestandsourcesoffood.Thesurvivaloftheircoloniesdependsondoingthisefficiently”蚂蚁也在它们的巢穴和食物来源之间往返。蚂蚁的殖民地的生存有效地依赖于“this

”,由此可知，蚂蚁要生存就要依赖于“Antsalsocommute”。可知，this是指蚂蚁的“commuting”，故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“theyregulatedtrafficde

nsitybyconstructingbridgesofvariouswidthsbetweenacolonyofArgentineantsandasourceoffood.Thentheywaitedand

watched.”因此，他们通过在一群阿根廷蚂蚁群和食物来源之间建造不同宽度的桥梁来调节交通密度，然后等着观察。可推断出，研究人员是通过控制蚁群的路的宽度来控制蚁群的密度的。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段中“Andtheyfoundthatwhenantssens

eovercrowding,theyadjusttheirspeedsandavoidenteringhigh-densityareas,whichpreventsjams.Thesebehavioursmaybepromotedbypheromones,chemicalsthattellot

herantswhereatrailis.Thesebehavioursmaybepromotedbypheromones,chemicalsthattellotherantswhereatrailis.”他们发现，当蚂蚁感觉到过度拥挤时，它们会调整速度，避免进入高密度区域，从而避免拥堵。

这些行为可能是由信息素引起的，信息素是一种化学物质，可以告诉其他蚂蚁路线的位置。可推断出蚂蚁可以避免交通堵塞的主要原因是它们依靠化学物质来调整速度。由此可知，选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。文章第一段提出人类上下班遇到交通堵塞是不可避免的。而蚂

蚁也会往返于巢穴与食物源之间。那么蚂蚁遇到交通阻塞也是不可避免的吗？从第三段至倒数第二段研究者用实验证明，蚂蚁不会的，因为蚂蚁可用分泌的信息素通知同伴调整速度，进而避免拥堵现象出现。因此最佳标题应该为B项。故选B。【点睛】选择标题在英语阅读理解中属于主旨大意

题，是一种深层理解题。要求考生在通读全文的基础上，认真分析文章大意及作者的写作意图。通常情况下，标题要有根据性，针对性和醒目性的特点。所谓概括性，就是指标题应最大程度上覆盖全文，囊括文章的主要内容，体现文章的主题。针对性就是对标

题外延的一种界定，标题要直接指向文章的主要特点。而醒目性是为了吸引了读者的注意，唤起读者对文章阅读的兴趣。确定最佳标题的方法。在阅读文章时，要注意文章中反复出现的或强调的信息，寻找与文章大多数内容相关的信

息。找出覆盖全文的核心词汇。如第4小题属于主旨大意题。文章第一段提出人类上下班遇到交通堵塞是不可避免的。而蚂蚁也会往返于巢穴与食物源之间。那么蚂蚁遇到交通阻塞也是不可避免的吗？从第三段至倒数第二段研究者用实验证明，蚂蚁不会的，因为蚂蚁可用分泌的信息素通知同伴调整速度，进而避

免拥堵现象出现。因此最佳标题应该为B项。故选B。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Manycampuseshaveintramural

(校内的)sportsteams—teamsthataren’tascompetitiveasothersportsteamsoncampus.___16___Butyoucanbenefitgreatlybytakingpartinintramuralsports.Intramu

ralsportareanamazingstressreliever.You’llhavenoshortageofstressincollege:exams,groupprojects,computerproblems,

etc.___17___Intramuralcompetitionshaveasetschedule,soyou’repracticallyforcedtosetasidetimetorunaroundwithyourfriends.A

littlefriendlycompetitionwillbeanicechangeofpacefromtheclassroom.___18___Whilemoststudentswouldliketogotothegymregularly,fewactuallydo.

Withapredeterminedtimealreadyinyourschedule,yourworkoutismorelikelytohappen.Inaddition,you’llbemoreexcitedwhenyouworkoutinateam.Thusyouwon’twanttocut

thegymsessionshort.Teamsportsareagreatwaytopushyou.They’reagreatwaytomeetpeople.Youmaybegettingusedtoseein

gpeopleofthesamemajor.Intramuralsportsteamscanbeagreatwaytomeetstudentsyoumaynototherwiseruninto.Infact

,youdon’tnecessarilyneedtoknowanyonetojoinanintramuralteam.___19___It’soneofthefewthingsyou’lldojustforfun.Manythingsyoud

oincollegehavespecificgoalsandpurposes.___20___Butyoudon’tneedtoassignapurposetointramuralsports.Afterall

,you’renotmakingaprofessionoutofit.A.Theyprovidegreatexercise.B.Havingpurposesispossible.C.Andsingingupcanquicklyexpand

yoursocialcircle.D.Theyimprovesportsskills.E.Joininganintramuralteamcantakelotsoftimeandenergy.F.Forexam

ple,youworktopayforyourschoolfee.G.Thusitcanbehardtofitfunintoyourbusylife.【答案】16.E17.G18.A19.C20.F【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了大学时期参加校

内运动队收益匪浅的原因。【16题详解】上文“Manycampuseshaveintramural(校内的)sportsteams”说明许多校园有内部的体育团队，E项中的“anintramuralteam”与上文一致；下文“Bu

tyoucanbenefitgreatlybytakingpartinintramuralsports.”说明你可以通过参加校内运动而获益良多，与空格处是转折关系，E项中的“takelotsoftimeandenergy”与下文的“benefitgreatly”是转折关系。因此推断E项符合语境。故

选E。【17题详解】上文“You’llhavenoshortageofstressincollege:exams,groupprojects,computerproblems,etc.”说明在大学里你不缺少

压力，G项“itcanbehardtofitfunintoyourbusylife(在你忙碌的生活中找到乐趣是很难的)”与上文构成因果关系，thus“因而”表示结果。因此推断G项符合语境。故选G。【18题详解】空格处为段落标题。根据下文“Withapredetermin

edtimealreadyinyourschedule,yourworkoutismorelikelytohappen.Inaddition,you’llbemoreexcitedwhenyouworkoutinateam.(在你的计划中已经有了一个预定的时间，你就更可能进行锻炼。此外，当你在一

个团队里锻炼时，你更会感到兴奋)”因此推断，本段讲述参加学校内部运动队更可能提供很多锻炼。A项“Theyprovidegreatexercise.(它们提供了很好的锻炼)”符合语境。故选A。【19题详解】本段段落标题“They’reagreatwayto

meetpeople.”说明参加校内运动队是遇到人的好方法，C项中的“expandyoursocialcircle(拓展你的社交圈)”与本段一致，且C项与上文“Infact,youdon’tnecessarilyneedtoknowanyonetojo

inanintramuralteam.(事实上，你不需要认识任何一个人就可以加入一个内部团队)”是并列关系，说明了参加校内运动队是遇到人的好方法。故选C。【20题详解】上文“Manythingsyoudoincollegehavespecificgoalsandpurposes.”说明在大学里做的

许多事情都有具体的目标和目的，F项中的“youworktopayforyourschoolfee.(你努力工作为了交学费)”是对上文的举例说明，forexample说明这是举例说明。故选F。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅

读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Onhisknees,acuteboyispackingthesandintoabucketatabeautifulbeach.Heturnsthebucketupsid

edownand___21___it.Tothe___22___ofthelittlearchitect,acastletoweriscreated.Heworksallafternoonpackingthewalls,buildingsen

tries（哨兵）withbottletopsandbridgeswithsticks.Andasandcastlewillbebuilt.Inabigcitywith___23___streetsandtr

affic,amanisworkinginanoffice.Hepackspapersintopiles,holdsthephonebetweenhis___24___andshoulderand___25___thekeyboardwithhisfingers.Contractsg

etssignedandtothejoyoftheman,a___26___ismade.Hispensionwillbesentriesandcapitalgainswillbe___27___.Anempirewil

lbebuilt.Thetwobuildersofthetwocastleshaveverymuch___28___.Theyboth___29___smallnessintogreatness.Theybothmakesomethingbeaut

ifuloutof_____30_____.Andforboth,thetidewillriseandthe_____31_____willcome.Yetthatiswherethe_____32_____stop.Thelittleboyseesthee

ndofhiscastlewhiletheman_____33_____it.Astheduskapproachesandwavesnear,thechild_____34_____tohisfeetandbeginstoclapasthewaveswashawayhis_

____35_____.Thereisnosorrow,no_____36_____andnoregret.Hesmilesandgoeshome.Themaninhisofficeisnotvery_____37___

__likethechild.Ashisempireisfading,heisterrified,tryingto_____38_____it."It'smycastle!”He_____39_____attheincomingtide.Goah

eadandbuildyourdreams,butwithachild'sheart.Whenthesun_____40_____andthetidestake,justapplaud.Salutet

heprocessoflifeandgohomewithasmile.21.A.kicksB.liftsC.breaksD.covers22.A.shockB.sorrowC.regretD.delight23.A.lonelyB.busyC.cleanD.

empty24.A.handB.neckC.armD.ear25.A.fixsB.feelsC.hitsD.checks26.A.profitB.pointC.recordD.wish27.A.bridgesB.toolC.bucketsD.beaches28.A.inhandB.

incommonC.inneedD.intotal29.A.increaseB.cutC.shapeD.throw30.A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing31.A.awardB.victorC.futureD.

end32.A.similaritiesB.competitionsC.differencesD.changes33.A.followsB.acceptsC.ignoresD.enjoys34.A.jumpsB.strugglesC

.sticksD.bends35.A.dreamB.giftC.masterpieceD.memory36.A.excitementB.hesitationC.fearD.desire37.A.wiseB.naughtyC.curiousD.pessimistic38.A.finishB.

protectC.improveD.collect39.A.glancesB.staresC.yellsD.points40.A.setsB.shinesC.risesD.bums【答案】21.B22.D23.B24.D25.C26.A27.A28.B29.C30.D31

.D32.A33.C34.A35.C36.C37.A38.B39.C40.A【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过男孩建造沙堡和男人在工作中创造自己的帝国进行对比，当海浪来临时，男孩面对自己的杰作被冲走，拍手跳跃，而男人则是恐惧，文章启示我们凡事只要用心了，享受了过程，结局就

随潮起潮落，这都是生命的过程。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个美丽的海滩上，一个可爱的男孩正跪在地上把沙子装进桶里。他把水桶倒过来提了起来。A.kicks踢腿；B.lifts提起；C.breaks打破；D.covers覆盖。根据后文男孩在搭建城堡可知，

他是将水桶口朝下举了起来。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：让这位小建筑师高兴的是，一座城堡的塔楼被创造出来了。A.shock震惊；B.sorrow痛苦；C.regret后悔；D.delight快乐。沙堡堆好了，所以是高兴的。故选D项。【23题详解】考查形

容词词义辨析。句意：在一个街道交通繁忙的大城市，一个男人正在办公室工作。A.lonely孤独的；B.busy忙的；C.clean干净的；D.empty空的。根据空前的“bigcity”可知，街道和交通是繁忙的。故选B项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把文件堆成一堆，

把电话夹在耳朵和肩膀之间，余下的用手指敲击键盘。A.hand手；B.neck脖子；C.arm胳膊；D.ear耳朵。由前文的“holdthephone”可知，男人是在接电话，所以是放在耳边。故选D项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析

。句意：他把文件堆成一堆，把电话夹在耳朵和肩膀之间，余下的用手指敲击键盘。A.fixs修理；B.feels感受；C.hits打击，敲打；D.checks检查。根据后文的“keyboard键盘”可知，这里是敲打键盘。故选C项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：合同签订了，

让他高兴的是，一笔利润到手了。A.profit利润；B.point点；C.record记录；D.wish希望。由前文的“contracts合同”可知，这个男人在谈生意，签了合同，所以盈利就到手了。故选A项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的养老金将成为岗哨，资本收益将成为桥梁。

A.bridges桥梁；B.tool工具；C.buckets桶；D.beaches沙滩。根据第一段末尾“buildingsentrieswithbottletopsandbridgeswithsticks.”可知，此

处sentries和bridges照应前文。故选A项。【28题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：这两座城堡的建造者有许多共同之处。A.inhand在手中；B.incommon共同的；C.inneed需要；D.intotal。根

据后文的theyboth可知，两者是有共同点。故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们都能把渺小塑造成伟大。A.increase增加；B.cut切；C.shape形状；D.throw扔。根据前文男

孩搭建城堡可知，是把渺小的沙子搭成城堡。故选C项。【30题详解】考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：它们都能从虚无中创造美好。A.something某物；B.anything任何事；C.everything每件事；D.nothing没有什么。沙子本来都是没有意

义的东西，但是搭建成了城堡，所以是nothing。故选D项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于两者来说，潮水会上涨，末日会到来。A.award奖赏；B.victor胜利者；C.future未来；D.end结尾。根据语境，潮水上涨，沙堡

会被淹没，一切都会结束，下文的“endofhiscastle”和“hisempireisfading”亦是提示。故选D项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，相似之处就止于此。A.similarities相同点；B.c

ompetitions竞赛；C.differences不同点；D.changes改变。根据上文一切都会结束，这也正是相似之处就止于此。故选A项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：小男孩看到了他的城堡的尽头，而男人却忽略了它。A.follows跟随；B.accepts接受；C.igno

res忽视；D.enjoys享受。由下文小男孩对自己被毁的沙堡和那个男士对待自己衰落的帝国的不同态度可知，小男孩看到了他城堡的结局，而那个男士则忽视了。此处while表示前后的对比。故选C项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当暮色降临，海浪袭来时，孩子跳起来，开始拍手，海浪把他的杰作冲走了

。A.jumps跳跃；B.struggles挣扎；C.sticks坚持；D.bends弯腰。根据后文的feet可知，此处应选jumps，表示孩子跳了起来。故选A项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当暮色降临，海浪袭来时，孩子跳起来，

开始拍手，海浪把他的杰作冲走了。A.dream梦想；B.gift礼物；C.masterpiece杰作；D.memory记忆。这里是冲走了沙堡，也是小男孩的杰作。故选C项。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有悲伤没有恐惧和遗憾

。A.excitement激动；B.hesitation犹豫；C.fear恐惧；D.desire渴望。前文说小男孩跳起来拍手，所以这里是不害怕海浪冲走了沙堡。故选C项。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在办公室的男人不像这个孩子一样明智。A.wise明智的；B.n

aughty淘气的；C.curious好奇的；D.pessimistic悲观的。根据上文“Thelittleboyseestheendofhiscastlewhilethemanignoreit”可知，小男孩看到了他的城堡的尽头，而男人却忽略了它。那个男士忽视了

创造的东西总有结束的一天，因此他并不像那个孩子一样明智。故选A项。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的帝国正在衰落，他很害怕，试图保护它。A.finish结束；B.protect保护；C.improve提

高；D.collect收集。随着他的帝国日渐衰落，他感到恐惧，所以要去保护它。故选B项。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他对着即将到来的海浪叫喊：“这是我的城堡”。A.glances瞥；B.stares盯着；C.yells呼喊；D.points指。根据上文那个男士非常恐惧自己的帝国衰落，所

以是对着海浪叫喊。故选C项。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当太阳落山，潮水来袭，只是鼓掌。A.sets落沉；B.shines闪耀；C.rises升起；D.burns燃烧。由下文的“thetidestak

e”和“gohome”可知，此处指太阳落下。故选A项。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。YueyangToweris___41___ancientChinesetowerontheshoreofLakeDongti

ng.ItisoneoftheThreeGreatTowerofJiangnan.YueyangTowerbecamefamousforMemorialtoYueyangTower(《岳阳楼记》）___42___(writ

e)byFanZhongyan,whowasanexcellentministeroftheNorthenSongDynasty(960-1127)inChina.___43___(lie)onthecitywallofthewestgateoftheancientcityinY

ueyangCity,HunanProvince,China,YueyangTowerfacesJunshanIslandandoverlooksDongtingLake,beingextremelybeautifuland___44

___(impress).Sinceancienttimes,it____45____(enjoy)thegoodreputationthatDongtingLakeisthe___46___(famous)amongla

kes,andYueyangTowerisincomparableamongtowers.YueyangTower’sroof___47___(cover)withyellowglazedtiles(黄色琉璃瓦)looksli

keageneral’shelmetinancientChina.ItistheonlyancientbuildingwithahelmetroofstructureinChina.BeforetheTangDynasty,Y

ueyangTowerwasmainlyused___48___themilitarypurpose.AftertheTangDynasty,it____49____(gradual)becameafamousscenicspot_____50_____menofle

tterschantedpoetryandwrotefu.【答案】41.an42.written43.Lying44.impressive45.hasenjoyed/hasbeenenjoying46.mostfa

mous47.covered48.for49.gradually50.where【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了岳阳楼这一名胜古迹的历史。【41题详解】考查不定冠词。句意：岳阳楼是中国古代的一座塔，坐落在洞庭湖上。分析句子成分可知

，设空处需填入不定冠词修饰tower，因为空后的ancient第一个音素是元音，故填an。【42题详解】考查过去分词。句意：岳阳楼因范仲淹写的《岳阳楼记》而闻名，范仲淹是中国北宋(960-1127)杰出的大臣。分析句子成分可知，设空处需填入分词形式作

后置定语修饰MemorialtoYueyangTower(《岳阳楼记》），根据空后的by可知MemorialtoYueyangTowe和动词write是被动关系，应填入过去分词表示被动。故填written。【43题详解】考查现

在分词。句意：岳阳楼坐落在中国湖南省岳阳市古城西门的城墙上，面朝君山岛，俯瞰洞庭湖，非常美丽，令人印象深刻。分析句子成分可知，设空处需填入分词形式作定语，修饰主语YueyangTower，lie在此处意为：位于，与主

语YueyangTower是主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式。故填Lying。【44题详解】考查形容词。句意：岳阳楼坐落在中国湖南省岳阳市古城西门的城墙上，面朝君山岛，俯瞰洞庭湖，非常美丽，令人印象深刻。分析句

子成分可知，设空处需填入形容词形式与beautiful一起作并列表语。故填impressive。【45题详解】考查现在完成时。句意：自古以来，洞庭湖就远超众湖泊而闻名于世，岳阳楼更是无与伦比的。分析句子成

分可知，设空处需填入谓语，根据时间状语sinceancienttimes可知，设空处动词需用现在完成时，因为主语是it，所以助动词用has；或根据句意，短文要强调“洞庭湖从古至今一直享有盛名”，也可用现在完成进行时，表达动作开始于过去，并一直持续到现在。故填hasenjo

yed/hasbeenenjoying。【46题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：自古以来，洞庭湖就远超众湖泊而闻名于世，岳阳楼更是无与伦比的。分析句子成分可知，设空处需填入形容词形式作表语，根据空前的the和空后表范围的am

onglakes可知，应填入形容词最高级形式。故填mostfamous。【47题详解】考查过去分词。句意：岳阳楼的屋顶覆盖着黄色的琉璃瓦，看起来像中国古代将军的头盔。分析句子成分可知，设空处需填入分词形式作定语修饰roof，因为roo

f与cover是被动关系，且cover动作已经完成，所以应用过去分词表示被动和完成。故填covered。【48题详解】考查介词。句意：唐代以前，岳阳楼主要用于军事用途。根据句意可知，设空处需填入介词for构成固定

短语beusedfor，意为：用于，被用来做某事。故填for。【49题详解】考查副词。句意：唐代以后，它逐渐成为一个文人骚客吟诗作赋的著名景点。分析句子成分可知，设空处需填入副词形式修饰半系动词beca

me，故填gradually。【50题详解】考查定语从句的关系副词。句意：唐代以后，它逐渐成为一个文人骚客吟诗作赋的著名景点。分析句子成分可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰spot，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故填where。第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一

节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用

斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Lastweekend,wewenttothelocalorphanage(孤儿院)todosom

evoluntaryworks.Onthewayhere,weboughtmanybooksandtoyswiththemoneydonatingbystudentsinourclass.Uponourarrival,wehandedoutallt

hegiftstothechildren,thenwepatientlytaughtthemtosingsongs.Tooursurprise,wereceivepicturesdrawnbythemassouvenirs.Whenitwastimeforustoleave,thechi

ldrenwavedourhandsandthankedusforourkindness.Seenthechildren’sbrightsmiles,weconsideredavisitworthwhile.Wewererealhappytob

ringsunshinetotheirlives.Inthefuture,wecanorganizemoreofmeaningfulvoluntaryactivities.【答案】1.works→work2.here→there3.donat

ing→donated4.在then前加and5.receive→received6.our→their7.seen→seeing8.a→the9.real→really10.去掉of【解析】【分析】

这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者同行们去孤儿院做志愿者的一些事情。【详解】1.考查名词。句中work意为“工作”，为不可数名词，没有复数形式，故将works改为work。2.考查副词。句意：在去那里的路上，我们

用班上同学的捐款买了很多书和玩具。结合句意可知，here意为“这儿”，与原句事实不符，故将here该处there。3.考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，该句已有谓语动词bought，因此donate要用非谓语动词形式，句中主语money与donate之间为被动关系，应用

过去分词作状语，故将donating改为donated。4.考查连词。句意：一到学校，我们就把所有的礼物分发给孩子们，然后耐心地教他们唱歌。andthen可以引导并列句，而then不可以。分析句子可知，该句为并列句，有两套谓语结构，所以

只能用andthen作连词，故在then前加and。5.考查时态。整篇文章是讲述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故将receive改为received。6.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：当我们要离开的时候，孩子们挥手感谢我们的好意。结合

句意可知，此处应为孩子们挥起“他们自己的手”，而不是孩子们挥起“我们的手”，故将our改为their。7.考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，该句已有谓语动词considered，see应用非谓语动词形式，且主语we和see构成主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语，故将

Seen改为Seeing。8.考查冠词。句意：看到孩子们灿烂的笑容,我们认为是访问是有价值的。结合句意可知，该处特指“这次的访问”，应用定冠词the来修饰，故将a改为the。9.考查副词。句中happy为

形容词，应用副词修饰，故将real改为really。10.考查比较级。分析句子可知，moremeaningful意为“更有意义的”，中间的of多余，故将of去掉。【点睛】第二节书面表达（满分25分）5

2.为了鼓励学生参加户外活动，星光中学（XingguangHighSchool）近期举行了一次登山活动。假定你是学校英语报记者，请写一篇短文，介绍此次活动。内容包括：1.时间与地点：4月10日，大青山（DaqingMoun

tain）2.活动的过程3.活动感受注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】Inordertoencouragethestudentstotakeoutdoorexercise,ourschoolorganizedamountain

-climbingonApril10.Hundredsofustookpartinit.Itwasaniceday.At8:00am,wegatheredatthefootofDaqingMountainandsetoff

forthetopinhighspirits.Allthewaywewerechatting,singingandlaughing,enjoyingthefreshairandthebeautifulscenery.Whensomefellbehind,other

swouldcomeandofferhelp.About2hourslater,weallreachedthetop.Whenwewerebathedinsunshine,wejumpedandcheeredwithjoy.Thisactivitybenefitedusalot.Noton

lydiditgetusclosetonatureandgiveusrelaxationfromheavyschoolwork,italsopromotedthefriendshipamongus.Whatawonderfultime!【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于记叙文。要求考生写一篇文

章介绍近期学校组织的一次登山活动。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：记叙文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般过去时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.时间与地点：4

月10日，大青山2.活动的过程3.活动感受第二步:列提纲（重点词组）inorderto;takeoutdoorexercise;takepartin;setofffor;batheinthesunshine;getcloseto第三步：连词成句1.Inordertoencoura

gethestudentstotakeoutdoorexercise，ourschoolorganizedamountain-climbingonApril10.Hundredsofustookpartinit.2.Itwa

saniceday.At8:00am,wegatheredatthefootofDaqingMountainandsetoffforthetopinhighspirits.3.Allthewaywewerechatting,singingand

laughing,enjoyingthefreshairandthebeautifulscenery.4.Whensomefellbehindotherswouldcomeandofferhelp.5.

About2hourslater,weallreachedthetop.6.Whenwewerebathedinsunshine,wejumpedandcheeredwithjoy.7.Thisactivitybenefitedusalot.8.Notonlydid

itgetusclosetonatureandgiveusrelaxationfromheavyschoolwork,italsopromotedthefriendshipamongus.9.Whatawonderfultime!根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和

时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表并列补充关系：notonly…but(also),2.表因果关系：Because,As,So（供参考）连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，【点睛】[高分句型1]Whensomefellbehind

,otherswouldcomeandofferhelp.句中when引导时间状语从句。[高分句型2]Notonlydiditgetusclosetonatureandgiveusrelaxationfromheavyschoolwork,it

alsopromotedthefriendshipamongus.句中使用了部分倒装。