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SectionⅢWordpower,Task&Project[基础词汇]1．attachvt.使连在一起，把……附在……上；认为……重要2．whispervi.&vt.小声说；私下说3．panicvi.&n.惊慌，恐慌4．looseadj

.松动的，松开的；宽松的vt.松开，释放[拓展词汇]5．distancen．距离；远处→distantadj.遥远的；远房的；冷漠的6．suitn．套装vt.适合，满足需要→suitableadj.适宜的；合适的7．contraryadj.相反的n．相反的事实或情况→contr

adictvt.反驳；与……矛盾8．attractvt.吸引→attractiveadj.有吸引力的；有魅力的→attractionn．吸引；吸引力；有吸引力的人或事物9．calmadj.镇静的，沉着的，平静的vt.&vi.使平静，

镇静→calmlyadv.平静地；安静地10．employvt.使用；雇佣→employeen．雇员→employern．雇主1．contrary_to和……相反2．keep_calm保持冷静3．mistake...for..

.把……误认为……4．result_in导致5．roll_up卷起来6．get_lost迷路Readthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.1．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutsharks？A．Amongth

e400differenttypesofsharks,onlyabout40typesattackhumanbeings.B．Themostfiercesharksarethetigersharkandthebullsha

rk.C．Thechanceofbeingattackedbysharksisrathersmallcomparedtootherdangers.2．Whichofthefollowingwayscanhelpyououtoftheattack

sfromsharks?A．Noswimminginthedark,especiallyaloneatnight.B．Thefewerpeople,thefewerchancestoattractsharks.C．Colorfulorshiningwears.3．________isthewa

ytosaveyououtofasharkattack.A．Tokeepstill,nottostirormakethesharkangryB．Topullasidetheshark’sjawstopully

ourselfoutofitsmouthC．Tohitthesharkonthenose4．Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat________.A．people’sscarestosharksmainlycomef

romthemovieJawsB．manypeopledieofdrowningandlightningC．knowingthewayssharksattackpeopleandthewaystosaveoneselfc

anpreventtheattackstotally答案：1－4.CACBShark①attacksTherearenearly400differenttypesofsharks,butonlyabout30typesareknownto②havea

ttacked③humanbeings④.Manypeopleknowthatthemostdangeroussharkisthegreatwhiteshark,probablybecausetheyhavese

enthefilmJaws⑤.However⑥，twoother⑦sharksarealsoratherdangerous:thetigersharkandthebull⑧shark.Contrary⑨towhatmanypeoplemightassumeB10,evid

ence⑪showsthatsharksseldomattackhumans.Therearethreetypesofsharkattacks.Inthemaintype,thesharkattacksyoubecauseitmistakesyoufor⑫afish,butwhenittastes

humanflesh⑬itdecidestogiveup⑭andswimsaway.Inthesecondtype,thesharkpushesyouwithitsnosetofindoutifyouarefittobeeaten⑮,andthenbitesyo

uifitthinksyouare⑯.Inthethirdtype,thesharkwaitsforyoutoswimby,andthenattacksyousuddenly.Thelasttwotyp

esofattackmoreoftenresultin⑰thedeathofhumans.①shark[ʃɑːk]n.鲨鱼②areknownto...可转换为Itisknownthat...句式。③atta

ckvt.袭击，攻击；抨击；非难；侵袭，损害④humanbeing人类⑤jaw[dʒɔː]n.颌because...Jaws是because引导的原因状语从句。⑥howeveradv.然而，可是⑦twoother另外两个，othe

r与数词连用时，应放在数词的后面；而another与数词连用时，应放在数词的前面。⑧bull[bʊl]n.公牛⑨contrary['kɒntrərI]adj.相反的n.相反的事实或情况contraryto与……相反○10assumevt.假定，设想what引导名词性从句，作介词to

的宾语。⑪evidencen．证据，证明；迹象⑫mistake...for...把……误认为……⑬flesh[fleʃ]n.(动物或人的)肉⑭giveup放弃⑮ifyou...是宾语从句。tobeeaten是动词不定式的被动形式。⑯ifitthinksyouare是条件状语从句。⑰res

ultin导致，结果是resultfrom起因于鲨鱼攻击(世界上)有将近400种不同种类的鲨鱼，但我们知道只有约30种鲨鱼攻击过人类。许多人知道最危险的鲨鱼是大白鲨，也许是因为他们看过电影《大白鲨》吧。然而，另外两种鲨

鱼也相当危险：虎鲨和牛鲨。与许多人所想的相反，证据表明鲨鱼很少攻击人类。鲨鱼攻击人类的情形有三种。在主要的情形中，鲨鱼攻击你是因为它把你错当成了一条鱼，但当它尝出人肉的味道时，就会决定放弃并游开。在第二种情形中，鲨鱼会用鼻子推搡你，以弄清你是

否适合被食用，如果它觉得适合，便会咬你。而在第三种情形中，鲨鱼会等待你游过来，然后突然攻击你。后两种攻击方式对人类来说更可能致命。Toreducetherisk⑱ofasharkattack,youshouldfollow⑲these

suggestions⑳.•Donotswiminthedark.Sharkscanstillseeyoubutyoucannotseethem.•Donotgoswimmingintheoceanifyouhaveafresh

wound.Sharkscansmellbloodoveralongdistance.•Donotwearbrightclothingorjewellery,becausesharksareattractedtotheflashofcoloursandbrightobjects

.•Stayingroups,assharksusuallyavoidlargenumbersofpeople.Recently,sharkattackshavebeenincreasingaswatersportsarebecomingmorepopular.Ifa

sharkattacksyou,followtheadvicebelow.•Keepcalm.Donotpanic.•Hitthesharkonthenosewithyourfist.•Stickyourf

ingerintheshark’seye.Don’tbefrightenedbysharks:youare30timesmorelikelytobehitbylightningthanbeattackedbyashark.,

⑱riskn．风险，危险⑲followvt.遵循⑳suggestionn．建议(为可数名词)○21freshadj.新鲜的；清新的，凉爽的○22woundn．伤口，创伤vt.使受伤ifyouhavea

freshwound是if引导的条件状语从句。○23distancen．距离○24jewellery['dʒuːəlrI]n.珠宝jeweln．[C]珠宝○25attract[ə'trækt]vt.吸引○26avoidvt.避开，避免avoid后接v.­ing,不接todo。○27largenu

mbersof大量的，许多a(large)numberof与(large)numbersof仅修饰可数名词复数，作主语时谓语动词用复数。○28assharks...people是as引导的原因状语从句。○29popularadj.受欢迎的，流行

的，通俗的aswater...popular是as引导的时间状语从句。○30advicen．建议(为不可数名词)○31calm[kɑːm]adj.镇静的，沉着的，平静的vt.&vi.使平静，镇静○32pan

ic['pænIk]vi.&n.惊慌，恐慌○33hitsb.on/inthe＋身体部位，the不可以换成one’s。○34fist[fIst]n.拳头○35likely['laIklI]adj.可能的为了降低被鲨鱼攻击的风险，你应该遵循这些建议：•不要在黑暗中游泳。鲨鱼仍

然能看得见你，而你却看不见它们。•如果你有刚受伤的伤口，不要在海洋中游泳。鲨鱼在很远处便能嗅到血腥味。•不要穿鲜亮的衣服或佩戴珠宝首饰，因为鲨鱼会被颜色或明亮物体的闪光吸引。•集体行动，因为鲨鱼通常会避开人群。最近

，随着水上运动更加普及，鲨鱼攻击事件也在持续增多。如果鲨鱼攻击你，遵循以下建议：•保持镇静。别惊慌失措。•用你的拳头击打鲨鱼的鼻子。•用你的手指戳鲨鱼的眼睛。不要被鲨鱼吓倒：你有可能被闪电击中的几率要比被鲨鱼袭击的几率大30倍。Thewonderfulworld

ofpigeons①Itisnight.Allisquiet.Thesoldiers②areasleepwhileaguardwatchesfor③theenemy④.Thereisaflash,andthesoundofguns!Theyarebeingattacked!Hundredso

fenemysoldiersrushtowardsthem⑤.Theyareallgoingtobekilledunlesstheygethelp⑥.Whatshouldtheydo?Anofficerwrit

esashortmessagequicklyonasmallpieceofpaper：‘Beingattacked!Hurry！’Herollsup⑦thepaperandputsitinto⑧asmallcase,andthenreachesinto⑨acageandget

sabird.AttachingthemessagetoB10itsleg,hesetsthebirdloose⑪.Itimmediately⑫fliesintotheairanddisappearsinthedark.Willthebirdarriveintime⑬？Willtheybesa

ved?①pigeon['pIdʒIn]n.鸽子②soldier['səʊldʒə(r)]n.士兵③watchfor守候，注意④while引导时间状语从句，意为“与……同时”。⑤rushto/towardssb.向某人冲去⑥unlesstheygethe

lp是unless引导的条件状语从句，unless意为“除非”。⑦rollup卷起来roll[rəʊl]vi.&vt.卷起来；(使)滚动⑧put...into...把……装入……⑨reachinto将手伸进……⑩attach...to...把…

…系在/附在……上⑪loose[luːs]adj.松动的，松开的；宽松的vt.松开，释放⑫immediatelyadv.立即conj.一……就……⑬intime及时ontime按时鸽子的奇妙世界万籁俱寂的夜晚。除了一名哨兵在站岗放哨，所有士兵都在梦乡。突然一道闪光，枪声四起！他们遭到攻

击了！数百名敌军士兵冲向了他们。除非获得救援，否则他们全都会被杀死。他们该怎么办呢？一名军官飞快地在一张小纸片上写道：“受袭！速援！”他把纸片卷起来，放进一个小盒子里，然后伸手探入一个笼子，捉出一只鸟来。他将信系在它的腿上后，便松开了鸟儿。它立刻飞向天空，消失在黑暗中

。这只鸟会及时到达吗？他们会得救吗？Thoughitmayseemhardtobelieve,thebirdtheofficerusesisthesamebirdoftenseeninpublicparks⑭—thepigeon.Pigeonshaveawonderfulsenseof

direction⑮andcanfindtheirwayhomeoverlongdistances.Indeed⑯，pigeonshavebeenknowntoflyhomefromasfarawayas1，800kilometres.Thatiswhypigeonshavebeenusedsin

ceancienttimes⑰tocarrythenewsoreventhemail⑱.However,itwasinwarthattheyfoundtheirgreatestuse⑲.Duringb

othWorldWarⅠandⅡ，pigeonswereemployed⑳byarmiestocarrymessagestoandfromthefrontlines,savingthelivesofmanysoldiersandevenhelpingwinsomeimportantvi

ctories.Howdopigeonsfindtheirway?Pigeonsappeartohaveacompassinsidethemthattellsthemwhichwayisnorth.How

thiscompassworksremainsamystery.Ofcourse,sinceacompassaloneisnotenoughtofindone’sway,theyalsoappeartousetheirsightandeventheirsenseofs

melltotellthemwhichwaytheyshouldgo.Unlikehumans,theynevergetlostandcanalwaysfindtheirwayhome.⑭though引导让步状语从句；theoffice

rusesisthe...parks是省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰bird；seeninpublicparks是过去分词短语作后置定语。⑮asenseofdirection方向感⑯indee

dadv.的确；确实⑰ancienttimes古代，上古时代⑱why引导表语从句，注意：在Thatiswhy...句型中why后接结果。⑲itwasinwarthattheyfoundtheir...是强调句型。⑳employ[Im'plɔI]vt.使用；雇佣

○21saving...soldiers与helping...victories是现在分词短语作结果状语。○22compass['kʌmpəs]n.罗盘；指南针○23that...north是that引导的定语从句，修饰acompass;whic

hwayisnorth是which引导的宾语从句。○24Howthiscompassworks是how引导的主语从句。○25remainlink­v.仍然是，保持不变○26be(not)enoughtodo

sth.(不)足够做某事○27tellvt.分辨出；辨别○28whichwaytheyshouldgo是which引导的宾语从句。○29unlike[ˌʌn'laIk]prep.不像；与……不同○30ge

tlost迷路虽然这似乎令人难以置信，但是那名军官所用的鸟儿和我们常在公园里看到的一种鸟是相同的——鸽子。鸽子有着极强的方向感，能从很远的地方找到回家的路。确实，据知鸽子能飞行远达1800千米回到家。这就是鸽子自古以来就被用于携带消息甚至邮件的原因。然

而，它们的最大用途却是在战争中被发现的。在第一、二世界大战中，鸽子被军方用来和前线往返传递信息，挽救了许多士兵的生命，甚至帮助赢得了一些重要的胜利。鸽子是怎么认路的呢？鸽子体内似乎有一只罗盘，告诉它们何处是北。这个罗盘是如何工作的仍然是个谜。当然，由于仅靠一只罗盘还不足以认

路，它们似乎也使用视觉及至嗅觉去辨明应该走哪条路。和人类不同，它们从不迷路，总是能找到回家的路。distancen．距离；远处；冷淡，疏远(教材P12)InthedistanceIcouldhearthunderandseelightningcoming.我能听到远处的雷声以及看见闪

电。(1)inthedistance在远处/方atadistance(of...)在(……)远处fromadistance(of...)从(……)远处keepa/one’sdistancefrom与……保持距离withinwalkingd

istance几步之遥(2)distantadj.遥远的；远处的①Takeyourtime—it’sjustashortdistancefromheretotherestaurant.别急——从这儿到餐馆只有短短的距离而已。②Hi

shouseiswithinwalkingdistanceoftheschool.他家离学校只有几步路。③ShewaswarnedtokeepherdistancefromCharlesifshedidn’twanttoget

hurt.有人告诫她说，如果不想受到伤害，就离查尔斯远一点。④Thepaintinglooksbetteratadistance.这幅画隔一段距离看起来更好。⑤WhatanamazingplaceLondonwasto

mewhenIsawitinthedistance.我从远处望着伦敦，觉得它真是一个令人惊奇的地方。[巧学活用]——完成句子(1)鲨鱼从半公里外的距离就能闻到血腥味。Asharkcansmellbloodat_a_distance_of_half_a_kilometer．(2)你没必要乘出

租车去火车站，因为只有几步之遥。Youneedn’tgototherailwaystationbytaxibecauseitiswithin_walking_distance．suitn．套装vt.适合，满足需要(教材P15)Itwasamaninam

etalsuit.那是一位穿着金属套装的男士。(1)suit...to...使……适合besuitedto/for...适合……Itsuitssb.todo...适合某人做……(2)suitableadj.适

合的；适宜的besuitablefor...适合于……besuitabletodo...适宜做……①Iwasstoppedbyanoldmaninabluesuit.一位身穿蓝色衣服的老人拦住了我。②Tostudents

,you’dbetterchoosetheactivitieswhichinterestyouandsuityou.对学生来说，你最好选择那些你感兴趣并适合你的活动。③Nowadaysthewaterontheearthwhichissuitable(suit)todri

nkisbecominglessandless.目前地球上可饮用的水越来越少。suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、场合等match多指色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配fit多指大小、形状的合适[巧学活用]——用上述词语的适当形式填空(1)Shematchedthecar

petwithsomeverynicecurtainsincolour.(2)—Howabouteighto’clockoutsidethecinema?—Thatsuitsmefine.(3)Thecoatdoesn’tfitme.Wouldyouple

asechangeitforabiggerone?attachvt.使连在一起；把……附在……上；认为……重要(教材P16)Duringtheoperation,MrLiuhadanewhandattached.在手术中，刘先生被接

上了一只新手。(1)attachsth.to...把……附在/固定在……上attachoneselfto...依附于……attachimportance/significanceto...重视……(2)attachedadj.依附的，依恋的beattachedto附

属于……；依恋/爱慕……(3)attachmentn.附属物；爱慕①Attacharecentphotographtoyourapplicationform.申请表上请贴一张近照。②Theyhaveattacheda

numberofconditionstotheagreement.他们在协议上附加了许多条件。③ThisresearchcenterisattachedtoTsinghuaUniversity.这家研究中心是附属

于清华大学的。④Myparentsalwaysattach_great_importance_tomygettingagoodeducation.我父母总是重视让我得到好的教育。[巧学活用]——一句多译他如此迷恋网络游戏以至于他经常旷课。(1)Heisso_attached_to

_the_network_games_thatheisoftenabsentfromclass.(2)So_attached_to_the_network_games，heisoftenabsentfromclass.(过去分词短语作状语)(3)Attachi

ng_himself_to_the_network_games_so_much，heisoftenabsentfromclass.(现在分词短语作状语)whispervt.&vi.小声说，私下说n．[C]耳语(教材P17)‘Mygoo

dness，’Sandywhispered,asshesteppedback.“天啊，”桑迪边后退边低语。(1)whisper(sth.)tosb.对某人小声说(某事)whisperaboutsb./sth.密谈某人/某事whisper(tosb.)that...(对某人)小声说……Itiswh

isperedthat...有人私下说……(2)inawhisper/inwhispers低声说①Heiswhisperingtohisneighbour.他在对邻座的人耳语。②Icouldheareveryonewhispering(whisper),“Whoinourschool

coulddrawthatwell?”我能听到所有人都小声说，“我们学校谁能够画得那么好？”③Iheardawhisperthathehadbeenadmittedtoauniversity.我听说他已考入了大学。④Theyaretalkinginawhisperinorde

rnottowakeupthesleepingbaby.他们低声交谈以免吵醒正在熟睡的小孩。whisper后面不能接双宾语，应该用whispersth.tosb.或whispertosb.sth.。[巧学活用]——单句改错(1)Inordernottobehea

rdbythepeoplearoundus,IwhisperedhimthatIwasleaving.whispered后加to(2)Theysatatthebackoftheroom,talkingwhispers

.talking后加incontraryadj.相反的n．相反的事实或情况(教材P18)Contrarytowhatmanypeoplemightassume,evidenceshowsthatsharks

seldomattackhumans.与许多人所想的相反，证据表明鲨鱼很少攻击人类。(1)becontraryto与……相反(2)onthecontrary反之，正相反tothecontrary相反地①Suchanattitudeisofcoursetotallycontrarytoreas

on.这种态度当然是完全违背理智的。②Itwasn’tagoodthing;on_the_contraryitwasahugemistake.那不是件好事，恰恰相反，是个巨大的错误。③Unlessthere’sevidenceto_the_contr

ary,_weoughttobelievehim.除非有反证，否则我们应该相信他们。calmadj.镇静的，沉着的，平静的vt.&vi.(使)平静，(使)镇静(教材P18)Keepcalm.保持镇静。(1)calm(sb.

)down(使某人)平静下来；镇静下来(2)stay/keep/becalm保持镇静(3)calmlyadv.镇定地；平静地①Itwasdifficulttocalmherdown，asshewastooexcited.要使她镇静下来是很困难的，因为她太激

动了。②Hekeptcalm(calmly)infaceofgreatdanger,whichsurprisedusall.面对巨大危险，他还能保持镇静，这使我们都非常吃惊。③Onemomentitwasquietandcalmintheforest,thenext

,theairwaschargedwithtension.有时森林里非常平静，接下来，空气中充满了紧张的气氛。calm“平静的，沉着的”，指无风浪或人的心情不激动quiet“宁静的，安静的”，指没有声音，不吵闹或心里没有烦恼、焦虑silent“寂静的，沉默的，不发音的”

，指没有声音或不讲话still“静止的，不动的”，指没有运动或动作的状态[巧学活用]——选用上述单词完成小片段Whenfacingdanger,oneshouldkeep(1)calm；whentak

enphotos,oneshouldkeep(2)still；whensomeoneelseisasleep,oneshouldkeep(3)quiet；inclass,oneshouldn’tkeep(4)silentabouttheteacher’squestions.employvt.使用；

雇佣(教材P19)DuringbothWorldWarⅠandⅡ，pigeonswereemployedbyarmiestocarrymessagestoandfromthefrontlines,savingthelivesofma

nysoldiersandevenhelpingwinsomeimportantvictories.在第一、二次世界大战中，鸽子被军方用来和前线往返传递信息，挽救了许多士兵的生命，甚至帮助赢得了一些重要的胜利。(1)beemployedin.

..忙于……employoneself(in)doingsth.从事于或忙于某事employ...as...把……用作……employsb.todosth.雇用某人做某事(2)employmentn.雇佣，就业unemploymentn.失业em

ployeen.雇工，雇员employern.雇主①Thecompanyemploys2，000peopleworldwide.这家公司在全世界雇用了2000名员工。②Women’sareasofemployment(employ)coverawiderangenow.现在妇女就业领

域十分广泛。③Thechildrenwereemployedinbuildingsandcastles.孩子们忙着堆沙堡。④Thebossofthecompanyistryingtocreateaneasyatmospherewherehisemployees(employ)enj

oytheirwork.公司老板正尽力创造一种轻松的气氛，在这种气氛中，其员工喜欢他们的工作。Aftertwoyears’unemployment,hehasjustbeenemployedbyabigcomp

any.Tobeagoodemployee,heemploysallhissparetimeinlearningnewthingsaboutthecompany.Soonheispromotedbyhisemployer.失业两年之后，他被一家大

公司雇用了。为了成为一个好员工，他利用他所有的空余时间学习关于公司的新东西。不久他就被他的雇主提拔了。mistake...for把……误当作……(教材P18)Inthemaintype,thesharkattacksyoubecauseitmistakesyouforafish...在主要的情

形中，鲨鱼攻击你是因为它把你错当成了一条鱼……(1)mistakeAforB把A误当作B(2)makeamistake/mistakes犯错误dosth.bymistake做错了某事①It’syourdecision,butIwarnyou—

you’remakingamistake.这是你的决定，但我要警告你——你在犯错误。②Sheisoftenmistakenforheryoungersister.她常被误认为是她的妹妹。③Someonemusthaveleftthedooropenby_mistake．一定是有人疏忽忘了关门。

resultin导致，结果是(教材P18)Thelasttwotypesofattackmoreoftenresultinthedeathofhumans.后两种攻击方式对人类来说更可能致命。(1)resultfrom由……造成(2)asaresult因而，

所以asaresultof因为①Hishardworkresultedinexcellentgradesinhisexams.他的刻苦学习使他在考试中取得了优异成绩。②However,pollutionandotherseriousproblemshavealsoresulted

fromhumanprogress.但是，人类的发展也产生了污染和其他严重的问题。③Asaresult,humansdevelopedarangeofcharactertypesthatstillexiststoday.结果，人类形成了多种性格类型，这些性格类型现今仍然存在。④Abou

t21millionpeoplediedduringthe1990sas_a_result_ofsmoking.20世纪90年代约有2100万人死于吸烟。[巧学活用]——一句多译因为越来越多的污染，很多物种正在灭绝。(result)

(1)Thereismoreandmorepollution.As_a_result,_manyspeciesaredyingout.(2)As_a_result_ofmoreandmorepollution,manyspeciesaredyingout.(3)Moreandmorepollu

tionhasresulted_inmanyspecies’dyingout.(4)Thefactthatmanyspeciesaredyingoutresults_frommoreandmorepollution.(教材P18)Don’tbefrightenedbysharks：youa

re30timesmorelikelytobehitbylightningthanbeattackedbyashark.不要被鲨鱼吓倒：你有可能被闪电击中的几率要比被鲨鱼袭击的几率大30倍。(1)30timesmore..

.than...是表倍数的结构，“比……多30倍”。本句含有倍数表达法，英语中表示倍数的句型有：①A＋be＋倍数＋as＋形容词或副词的原级＋as＋B②A＋be＋倍数＋形容词或副词的比较级＋than＋B③A

＋be＋倍数＋thesize/length/height/depth/width＋of＋B④A＋be＋形容词的比较级＋than＋B＋by＋倍数⑤A＋be＋分数/百分数＋形容词的比较级＋than＋B⑥...倍数＋what从句(2)belikelytodosth.意为“有

可能做某事”。本句型还可改为It’slikelythat...。①Ataroughestimate,NigeriaistwicebiggerthanGreatBritain.粗略估算，尼日利亚的面积是大不列颠的三倍。②Thissquareisthreetimesasbigast

hatone.＝Thissquareistwice_bigger_than_thatone.这个广场是那个的三倍大。③Ifthetotalstressinyourlifeisover150,youaretwiceaslikelyto_

get(get)ill.如果你生活中压力的总数值超过了150,那么你得病的机会会加倍的。④It’sverylikelythatshe’llringmetonight.她今晚很可能会给我打电话。[巧学活用]——单句改错(1)Itisreportedthatthe

UnitedStatesusestwiceasmanyenergyasthewholeofEurope.many→much(2)Thisbigstoneisthreetimesasheavierasthatone.heavier→heavy(3)Therear

efourtimesmanybooksinourlibrarythaninyours.many→moreⅠ品句填词1．Wesawlightsinthe____________(远处)．答案：distanc

e2．Itdoesn’t____________(适合)youtohaveyourhaircutshort.答案：suit3．Theflowershow____________(吸引)largecrowdsth

isyear.答案：attracted4．Trytokeep____________(镇静)andjusttellmewhathappened.答案：calm5．Onthe____________(相反),itreceivesawarmwelcome.答案：contrary6．________

____(贴上)thelabeltoyourluggage.答案：Attach7．Howmanyworkmendoyou____________(雇用)atyourfactory?答案：employ8．They’llbevery___

_________(可能)toaskforanincreaseinthebudget.答案：likely9．Thenewsthrewthefamilyintoa____________(惊慌)．答案：panic10．Sheonceheardhim____________(小声说

)toanothergirl.答案：whisperⅡ选词填空contraryto;mistake...for;resultin;watchoutfor;rollup1．Perhapshehad____________me____________someoneelse

.答案：mistaken；for2．____________popularbelief,manycatsdislikemilk.答案：Contraryto3．He____________allthewindows.答案：r

olledup4．Theirdispute____________war.答案：resultedin5．Theyare____________furtherdevelopment.答案：watchingoutfo

rⅢ完成句子1．亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。Asiais________________large________Europe.答案：fourtimesas；as2．小女孩突然静了下来，开始用好奇的眼光观察四周。Suddenlythegirl_____

_______andbeganlookingcuriouslyallaround.答案：calmeddown3．结果，他们赞同我的建议，一切按计划顺利进展。____________，theyagreedtomyadvice,andeverythingwen

twellasplanned.答案：Asaresult4．他问我是谁错拿了他的雨伞。Heaskedmewhoitwasthattookhisumbrella____________．答案：bymistake5．他很容易受伤，因为他很轻易就相

信别人。He________________becausehealwaystrustspeopleeasily.答案：islikelytogethurtⅣ课文语篇改错Therearenearly400typesofsharksandabout30typesarereport

ingtohaveattackedhumans.Therearemanytypesofdangersharks：thegreatwhiteshark,thetigersharkandthebullshark.Thesharkmistakesy

oubyafishandattacksyou,butwhereittasteshumanflesh,itgivesup.Thesharkbitesyouifitthinksyouarefitbeeaten.Thesharkwaitsforyoutoswimby,andthenattac

ksyouallofthesudden.Toreducetheriskofasharkattack,youshouldnotswiminthedarkness,swimintheoceanthatyouhaveafreshwo

undorwearbrightclothingorjewellery.Ifasharkattackyou,youshouldkeepcalmandnotgetintoapanic.Youcanbehitthesharkonthenosewithyou

rfistorstickyourfingerintheshark’seye.Youare30timesmorelikelytobehitbylightningthanbeattackedbyashark.答案：Therearenearly400typesofsharksandabout30t

ypesarereportingreportedtohaveattackedhumans.Therearemanytypesofdangerdangeroussharks：thegreatwhiteshark,thetigersharkandthe

bullshark.Thesharkmistakesyoubyforafishandattacksyou,butwherewhenittasteshumanflesh,itgivesup.Thesha

rkbitesyouifitthinksyouarefitto∧beeaten.Thesharkwaitsforyoutoswimby,andthenattacksyoualloftheasudden.Toreducetheriskofasharkattack,you

shouldnotswiminthedarkness,swimintheoceanthatifyouhaveafreshwoundorwearbrightclothingorjewellery.Ifasharkatta

ckattacksyou,youshouldkeepcalmandnotgetintoapanic.Youcanbehitthesharkonthenosewithyourfistorstickyourf

ingerintheshark’seye.Youare30timesmuchmorelikelytobehitbylightningthanbeattackedbyashark.A卷[学生用书P85(单独成册)]Ⅰ单句语法填空1．Thecarrunstwice________

____(fast)thanthattruck.答案：faster2．Thoughthereisalong____________betweenTomandhisfamily,theydon’tfeel____________．(distance

)答案：distance；distant3．Theaccidentresulted____________thedeathoftwopassengers.答案：in4．Wearealwaysmistakinghim____________histwinbrother.答案：

for5．Hewasbusily____________(employ)inwritinghisessay.答案：employed6．Ithinkthisplaceis____________(suit)foryoutosellsouvenirstotour

ists,butdon’tputyourpricestoohighoryou’llfrightenthemoff.答案：suitable7．Whatyouhavedoneiscontrary____________thedoctor’

sorders.答案：to8．Whatarethosetwo____________(whisper)toeachotherabout?答案：whispering9．Thepictureis____________(attach)tothewallbyanail.答案：attached10

．Hetookafewdeepbreathstocalmhimself____________．答案：downⅡ阅读理解AFrankLloydWrightisoftencalledthefatherofAmericanmodernar

chitecture.HedesignedbuildingsandhomesacrosstheUnitedStatesformorethan70years.Hecreatedmostofhisworksfrom1900throughthe1950s,buthisopen-living

spacesandimaginativedesignsstillappearverymoderntoday.Lastweek,theUnitedStatesnominated(提名)10ofhisbuildingsfortheUNEducation

al,Scientific,andCulturalOrganization—orUNESCO—theWorldHeritageList.TheWorldHeritageListrecognizesthemostimportantcultural

andnaturalsitesworldwide.The10buildings,titled“KeyWorksofModernArchitecturebyFrankLloydWright”werebuiltbetween1906a

nd1969.Theyincludeseveralofhispersonalhomesandstudios,churches,governmentbuildings,privateresidences,andoneveryfamousmuseum—NewYorkCity’sGuggenhe

imMuseum.TheSolomonR．GuggenheimMuseumisoneofthemostvisitedsitesinNewYorkCity.Aboutonemillionpeoplevisititeveryyear.FrankLloydWrightworkedonitfrom1943

to1959.Itwasdesignedtocreateanewtypeofspacefornewtypesofart.ThemuseumremainsaninternationalsymbolofmodernarchitecturethatrepresentsWright’suniquedesi

gn.ManyofMrWright’smodernbuildingsandhomesintheUSMidwesthavealsobecomesymbolsofmodernAmericanarchitecture.RichardLongstrethisthepresidentof

theFrankLloydWrightBuildingConservancy.HecallsMrWright“thefatherofmodernarchitecture,fundamentallyredefiningthenatureofformandspac

eduringtheearly20thcenturythatwouldhaveenduringimpactsofmodernarchitectureworldwide”．TheUNESCOWorldHeri

tageCommitteewillannounceitsdecisioninmid­2020.IfFrankLloydWright’s10buildingswerechosenforthelist,they

wouldbethefirstWorldHeritagelistingsformodernUSarchitecture.TheWorldHeritageListalreadyincludes22otherAmericansites,includingtheGrandCanyon

,YellowstoneNationalParkandtheStatueofLiberty.【解题导语】美国正在把享有“美国现代建筑之父”美誉的建筑师FrankLloydWright设计的10个著名的建筑申请加入联合国世界文化遗产名录

，结果要到2020年6月才能确定。1．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________．A．MrWright’sdesignsareoutofstyletodayB．MrWright’sdesignshavebeenwidelyrecognizedC．

MrWright’sdesignsonmodernbuildingsandhomesareafailureD．MrWrightistheowneroftenbuildingsB解析：推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句话可知，虽然FrankLloydWright的作品大多是在1900年至2

0世纪50年代创作的，但他的开放的生活空间和富有想象力的设计在今天仍然显得现代。因此可知，他的建筑设计理念一直很受欢迎，故选B。2．WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutGuggenheimMuseumisTRUE?A．ItisamasterpieceshowingM

rWright’suniquedesign.B．Itisagoodexampleoftraditionaldesign.C．ItisthemostfamoussiteinNewYorkCity.D．ItisthesymbolofNewYorkC

ity.A解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的ThemuseumremainsaninternationalsymbolofmodernarchitecturethatrepresentsWright’suniquedesign.可知，古根海姆博物馆是代表Wright先生独特设

计的一个建筑。故选A。3．Inwhichsectionofthenewspapercanyouprobablyfindthisarticle?A．News.B．Science.C．Biography.D．Economy.A解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的TheUNESCOWorldHer

itageCommitteewillannounceitsdecisioninmid-2020.推断，本文是时事新闻类，所以应该在新闻类栏目内，故选A。4．What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．FrankLloydWright—theFatherof

AmericanModernArchitectureB．TheWorldHeritageList—CulturalCollectionWorldwideC．GuggenheimMuseum—InternationalSymbolofmodernArch

itectureD．FrankLloydWright’sBuildings—OntheWaytoWorldHeritageListD解析：标题归纳题。根据文章第二段和最后一段可知，本文是在介绍被誉为美国现代建筑之父的Fra

nkLloydWright的10个著名的建筑正在申请联合国世界文化遗产名录，结果将在2020年6月才能确定。故选D。BAninterestingbitofresearchwasdonewithpigeons.Apigeonw

asputinaboxwithtwolevers(操作杆).Oneleverwouldsetfreecorn(谷物)witheveryfivepecks(啄).Theotherleverneeded100pecks.Whichleverwouldthepigeonchoo

setopeckat?Theleverthatsetfreecornmorefrequently,ofcourse.Peoplerespondsimilarly.Weprefertoreceivemorefrequentrewards.Thatisthereasonwhyp

rojectsaremoreeffectivelycompletedwhenbrokendownintosmallerparts.Forexample,ifyouhaveaworkprojectneededtobefinishedth

reemonthslater,youarelikelytotellyourselfthatyouhaveplentyoftimeandendupputtingofftheworkuntilthelastfewweeks.Unexpectedoccasionshappenandthepr

ojectispushedbackevenfurther.Theresultisaprojectthatisrushedandnotdoneascompletelyandwellasitshouldhavebee

n.If,however,theprojectisbrokendownintothreesmallerpartsandyou’rerequiredtohandinapartattheendofeachofthethreemonths,therewon’tbearushattheendtoc

ompleteit.Onepartwillbedoneafteronlyamonthandyouwillhavethefeelingofachievement,whichwillspuryoutobeginthesecondpart.At

theendofthesecondmonth,theprojectistocomplete.Thisgivesyouthetimetoreviewitandmakeanychangeforimprovemen

t.Youcantrulycelebrateaprojectwelldone.Celebratingsmallachievementsisimportanttoenjoyingwhatyoudo.Lookingforwardtotheappearanceofcornona

frequentbasiskeepsyouactivetodomore.Whatdoesyourcornlooklike?Maybeyouarelikemeandprefertogiveyourselfanactualrewardaft

ercompletingaproject.Ifyourcornreallyexists,theimportantthingisthatyougetitfrequently.Remember,rewardyourselfforsmallac

hievementsandyoucanliveyourlifetothefullest.【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文。人们总是喜欢干短期且易见效果的工作，因此将一个长期任务分几段完成能够提高工作效率。5．Whatwillprobablyh

appenifyou’reallowedtofinishataskinalongtime?A．Youmayexpectotherstohelpyou.B．Youwon’tbepatienttocontinueit.C．Itwon’tbefinishedaswe

llasexpected.D．Itwillappearmoreandmoredifficultandboring.C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的Theresultisaprojectthatisru

shedandnotdoneascompletelyandwellasitshouldhavebeen.可知，工期长会导致拖延，最后手忙脚乱的情况下完成的工作达不到预期的效果。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“spur”inParagrap

h3mostprobablymean?A．Warn.B．Forbid.C．Remind.D．Encourage.D解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前的Onepartwillbedoneafteronlyamonthandyouwillhavethefeelingofachiev

ement...可知，作者说一部分工作完成后，你会产生一种成就感，这种成就感能够“激励”你开始从事下一部分的工作。7．Whatdoesthewritermainlytalkaboutinthelastparagraph?A．Theimportanceoffinishingyourproje

ctontime.B．Thebenefitofrewardingyourselffrequently.C．Howtokeepactiveinyourwork.D．Howtosetrewardswiselyinlife.B解析：段

落大意题。根据最后一段的内容可知，该段主要谈论的是庆祝小成就或经常回报自己的重要性或好处。Ⅲ语法填空Carpoolingiswhenadriverofferstotakepassengersinexchange

forsomemoneyforpetrol.As1.____________result,carpoolingcanbe2.____________(cheap)thanpublictransportbecauseeveryoneinthecarsharesthecostofpetrol

.I3.____________(recent)didcarpoolingforthefirsttimeanditwasveryeasytofindadriver.Iusedawebsite4.____________listsdrivers’prof

iles(简介)andfoundsomeonewhowasgoingtothesameplaceasme.Alotofinformationcan5.____________(see)intheprofilessu

chastheirfirstname,ageandgender(性别)aswellasreviewsfromotherpassengers.Idecided6.____________(travel)withaladywhohadverygoodreviews.Ifoundcarpoolingto

bea(n)7.____________(impress)experience.Notonlywasthetripverycheap,butthedriverandtheotherpassengerswerereallyfriendly.Theywerea

llFrenchsoIhadthechancetopractise8.____________(speak)someFrench.WhenIwavedgoodbyetothem,athoughtsuddenlyoccurredtome9.____________carpoolingcou

ldbethefutureoftravel.Bothdriversandpassengerscanbenefit10.____________thisformoftravel.Itsavesmoney,a

ndperhapsmoreimportantly,carpoolingprovidesafantasticopportunitytomeetinterestingpeopleonyourtravels.1．a解析：考查固定结构。Asaresult意为“结果”。2．cheaper解析：考查形容词比较

级。由than可知，此处应用比较级形式，故填cheaper。3．recently解析：考查副词。设空处作状语修饰did，故填recently。4．which/that解析：考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰website，且在从句中

作主语，故填which/that。5．beseen解析：考查被动语态。information与see之间是被动关系，故填beseen。6．totravel解析：考查不定式作宾语的用法。decide后接带to的不定式作宾语，故填totravel。7

．impressive解析：考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处作定语修饰experience，表示“令人印象深刻的”，故填impressive。8．speaking解析：考查动词-ing形式作宾语的用法。practise后接动词-ing形式(短语)作宾语。故填spea

king。9．that解析：考查连接词。设空处引导同位语从句，解释说明thought的具体内容，且设空处在从句中不作成分，故填that。10．from解析：考查介词。benefitfrom...意为“受益于……”。B卷[学生用书P87(单独成册)]Ⅰ阅读理解Mostpeoplehave

experiencedostracism(孤立)asanobserver,whetherinschool,atwork,oramongfamilyorfriends.Eventhepeoplewhoarenotintroubleoftencouldn’tkeepca

lmwhenitcomestoostracism.Andwhenagroupostracizessomeoneoutofunkindreasons,othersusuallyviewitverynegativelyasun

fair.However,outsidersmayalsojudge(评判)ostracismtobeacceptable,forexample,whenthepersonostracizedhasbehavedoutofp

lace.AresearchteamfromtheUniversityofBaselledbythepsychologistDr.SelmaRuderthasnowresearchedfivestudies.Thesestudiesar

eusedtoexaminebywhatevidencepeopleareinfluencedinsuchjudgmentsituations.Thenumberofvolunteersineachofthestudiesrangesfrom30to527.Ther

esultshowsthatwhensomebodyisvisiblydifferentfromtheothers,thepersonwillbeostracized.Weconsiderthatthisper

sonisostracizedonlybecauseofdifferences.Theresearchersshowedthevolunteersvarioussituationsofostracism.Imaginetherewerethreestudentsina

room.Theideasandsuggestionsfromoneofthestudentswereregularlytakennonoticebytheothertwo.Whentheostracizedpersonwas“differe

nt”fromtheothertwo,forexample,outsidersjudgedtheostracismtobeunfair.Theywereannoyedatthetwostudents.However,whenthegro

upmembersweremoresimilar—suchasallfromthesamecountry,theoutsiders’viewpointschanged.Inthiscase,theythoughttheostracizedpers

onwasnegative,andconsideredtheostracismonhim/herwasreasonable.“Thesestudiesareimportantfortopicssuchasos

tracisminschoolsorworkplaces，”saysRudert.Whenpeoplearetooheavilyinfluencedbyfactorsonthesurfaceonlyanddon’tcareactualinformation,i

tcanquicklyleadtomisjudgments.“Infact，”saysRudert,“youshouldalwaystrytounderstandthewholehistorybehindanostracismsituationbeforejudging.”【解题导语】本文是一篇议

论文。文章主要论述了群体内的相似性影响着人们对孤立现象的评判。1．Whatdooutsidersthinkofostracism?A．Itisalwaysunfair.B．Itisunkindtoothers.C．Itcanbeacceptedattimes.D．Itcanhelpp

eoplekeepcalm.C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的．..outsidersmayalsojudge(评判)ostracismtobeacceptable...可知，旁观者有时认为孤立是可以接受的。2．WhatcanwelearnfromPar

agraph2?A．Thereare2，785volunteerstotallyinthestudies.B．Theostracizedpeoplebehavedifferentlyfromothers.C．Thesestudiesexaminetheevidenceofpeople’

sdifferences.D．Peopleareeasilyinfluencedbyotherswhenjudgingsomebody.B解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的Theresultshowsthatwhensomebodyisvi

siblydifferentfromtheothers,thepersonwillbeostracized.Weconsiderthatthispersonisostracizedonlybecauseofdifferences.可知，被孤立的人

通常行为举止异于他人。3．Theoutsidersshowednegativeopinionsontheostracizedpersonwhen________．A．thepersonhadannoyedthemB．thereweremoresimil

aritiesamongthemC．theirideasweretakennonoticebythepersonD．theywantedtohavenorelationshipwiththepersonB解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的．..whenthegro

upmembersweremoresimilar—suchasallfromthesamecountry,theoutsiders’viewpointschanged.Inthiscase,theythoughttheostracizedpersonwasnegative,a

ndconsideredtheostracismonhim/herwasreasonable.可知，当小组成员有相似之处的时候，旁观者不会同情被孤立的人。4．What’sRudert’ssuggestionontheostracis

m?A．Givingsupporttotheostracizedpeople.B．Payingmoreattentiontotheostracizedpeople.C．Knowingabouttheactualsituation

beforejudging.D．Avoidingtalkingaboutostracizedpeopleinschools.C解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的．..youshouldalwaystrytounderstandthewholehistorybehindanostracismsitua

tionbeforejudging.可知，Rudert建议人们在评判之前先了解情况。Ⅱ完形填空Ithappenedtomelastweek.Iwentduckhuntingandtookmyfour-legged__1__along.I

wentintoamuddylakeandgotstuck.__2__，mydogwasrightbymysideandprovidedmewithalifeline.Thatday,Iwantedto__3__aduckdecoy(诱饵)inthelake.Ithoughtitwassomet

hing__4__todo.Ididn’tknowthat__5__themuddywaterswouldputmylifeatrisk.WhenIwas__6__inthelake,mylegsgotstuckin

thethickmud.Icouldn’t__7__mylegsandhadtofindawaytocallfor__8__．Atthattime,mydogwaswaitingformy__9__totheshone,butwitheachpassingmin

utehegrew__10__.Fortunatelyforme,Ihadmy__11__withmeandwasabletocall911.However,whenrescuers__12__，theykn

ewtheywouldalsogetstuckinthemudiftheytriedtoreachme.Butthedogwastheonlyoneabletodothe__13__withoutgettingstuck.Rescuerstie

daropetomydogandhadhim__14__me.Andthatwashowmydogbecamemyonlylifeline.Oncemydogcametome,Iuntiedtherope,

tiedittomy__15__andwaitedforarescuertoreachme.Therescuerwasalsotiedtotheropeandwiththehelpofothersbackon

thesafe__16__，Iwaspulledoutfromthemud.Ifitweren’tformydog,Iwouldhavespent__17__timeinthecoldwaterswhenrescuerstriedtomakea__18__plantoreachme.

Thedogwas__19__beforeIfoundit.Itookithomeandkeptit.Frommyexperience,Ibelievethatkindnesswillbe__20__rewarded.【解题导语】作者收

养了一条狗，后来这条狗救了他一命，他的好心得到了回报。1．A.tableB．guideC．friendD．catC解析：作者是带着他的狗去的，他把狗当作是“朋友”，故选C项。2．A.StrangelyB．SurprisinglyC．Interesting

lyD．LuckilyD解析：根据mydogwasrightbymysideandprovidedmewithalifeline可知，幸运的是，狗在自己旁边。故选D项。3．A.tryB．placeC．changeD．settleB解析：根据作者陷进泥巴里的语境可知，他是第

一次去那里，故他是去那里“放”诱饵的。故选B项。4．A.safeB．boringC．difficultD．funnyA解析：作者一开始并不知道进去那个湖里会有危险，认为这是“安全”的行为。故选A项。5．A.touchingB．enteringC．enjo

yingD．cleaningB解析：这里是指“进入”那个湖里。故选B项。6．A.smilingB．washingC．walkingD．swimmingC解析：作者陷进了泥巴里，说明他当时在湖里“走动”。故选C项。7．A.seeB．hurtC．feelD．freeD解析：根据mylegsgot

stuckinthethickmud可知，作者无法将自己的腿拔出来，故选D项。8．A.changeB．emergencyC．serviceD．helpD解析：作者被陷在了那里，他应该想办法寻找“帮助”。故选

D项。9．A.stepB．signC．returnD．boatC解析：作者的狗在岸上等作者“返回”。故选C项。10．A.angryB．worriedC．calmD．excitedB解析：狗见作者迟迟不上岸，应该“担心”起来了。故选B项。

11．A.cellphoneB．purseC．keyD．cardA解析：根据andwasabletocall911可知，作者当时身上带着“电话”。故选A项。12．A.sailedB．arrivedC．finishedD．leftB解析：这里是指救援人员“到达”之

后。故选B项。13．A.workB．trickC．studyD．projectA解析：这里是指只有作者的狗能够在湖里游泳而不会陷入泥巴里，即只有它能干这份“活”，故选A项。14．A.showB．takeC．reachD．tieC解析：

根据Rescuerstiedaropetomydog可知，救援人员让那条狗“靠近”作者。故选C项。15．A.shipB．duckC．legD．bodyD解析：为了能够让救援人员将他拉出去，作者应该将绳子系在自己的“身”上。

故选D项。16．A.hillB．rockC．landD．waterC解析：那些救援人员在岸上面，故选C项。17．A.greatB．moreC．littleD．betterB解析：如果没有那条狗的帮助，作者得在水里面待“更多的”时间。故选B项。1

8．A.seriousB．longC．goodD．disappointingC解析：为了能够救出作者，救援人员应该想出一个“好的”办法。故选C项。19．A.homelessB．beautifulC．st

rongD．littleA解析：根据Itookithomeandkeptit.可知，那条狗以前是条“无家可归的”流浪狗。故选A项。20．A.stillB．neverC．hardlyD．reallyD解析：作者从这次经

历中明白好心“的确”会有回报。故选D项。Ⅲ短文改错It’sbeenalongtimesinceIdosomethinggoodfortheenvironment.Feelresponsibletoprotecttheenvironment,Idecidedtotakeactiona

gain.Itoldmyideawithmyfriendsandweplannedtoplantthetreesonthehillintheruralareaofthecity.Wecametothefootofthehillandselectedapl

acewherelookedsuitableandsettleddown.Wespendafewhoursdiggingholesandplacingtheyoungseedlings(幼苗)．Thenwewroteourwishesonc

ardsonetooneandburieditdeepdowntherootsofthetrees.Wealsotooknumerouspictures.Weweresuchbusythatwedidn’trealizeitwastimet

ogoback.Ifeltreallygladthatwemadedifferencetotheenvironment.答案：It’sbeenalongtimesinceIdodidsomethinggoodfo

rtheenvironment.FeelFeelingresponsibletoprotecttheenvironment,Idecidedtotakeactionagain.Itoldmyideawithtomyfriendsandweplannedtoplantthetr

eesonthehillintheruralareaofthecity.Wecametothefootofthehillandselectedaplacewherethat/whichlookedsuitableandsettleddown.Wespendspentafewh

oursdiggingholesandplacingtheyoungseedlings(幼苗)．Thenwewroteourwishesoncardsonetobyoneandburieditthemdeepdowntherootsofthetrees.Wealsotooknumero

uspictures.Weweresuchsobusythatwedidn’trealizeitwastimetogoback.Ifeltreallygladthatwemadea∧differencetotheenvironment.获得更多资源请扫码加入享学资源网微信公

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