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把视觉错觉和路上的车辆联系在一起时，人们想到的往往是超速、车祸；其实科学利用视觉错觉恰恰可以减少此类事情的发生。Believeitornot,opticalillusion(视觉错觉)cancuthighwaycrashes.Japanisacaseinpoint.Ithasr

educedautomobilecrashesonsomeroadsbynearly75percentusingasimpleopticalillusion.Bentstripes(条纹),calledchevrons(人字形图形),paintedontheroadsmakedriver

sthinkthattheyaredrivingfasterthantheyreallyare,andsodriversslowdown.NowtheAmericanAutomobileAssociationFoundati

onforTrafficSafetyinWashington,D．C.isplanningtorepeatJapan’ssuccess.Startingnextyear,thefoundationwill

paintchevronsandotherpatternsofstripesonselectedroadsaroundthecountrytotesthowwellthepatternsreducehighwaycrashes.Excessive(过度的)s

peedplaysamajorroleinasmuchasonefifthofallfataltrafficaccidents,accordingtothefoundation.Tohelpreducethoseaccidents,thefoundationwillconductit

stestsinareaswherespeed­relatedhazardsarethegreatest­curves,exitslopes,trafficcircles,andbridges.Somestudiessuggestthatstra

ight,horizontalbarspaintedacrossroadscaninitially(最初地)cuttheaveragespeedofdriversinhalf.However,trafficoftenreturnstofullspeedwi

thinmonthsasdriversbecomeusedtoseeingthepaintedbars.Chevrons,scientistssay,notonlygivedriverstheimpressio

nthattheyaredrivingfasterthantheyreallyarebutalsomakealaneappeartobenarrower.Theresultisalongerlastingred

uctioninhighwayspeedandthenumberoftrafficaccidents.SectionⅠWelcometotheunit&Reading—WarmingUp[基础词汇]1．forecast

vt.&n．预测，预报2．glancevi.&n.瞥一眼，匆匆看3．approachvi.&vt.靠近；着手处理n.靠近；方法；路径4．narrowadj.狭窄的5．graspvt.抓紧，抓牢[拓展词汇]6．confusevt.使糊涂，使迷惑→confusionn．惶惑；混乱→

confusingadj.使人困惑的；令人费解的→confusedadj.困惑的；混乱的7．observevt.观察；注意到；评论→observationn．观察；观察力；注意；评论8．hesitatevi.犹豫，迟疑不决→hesitationn．犹豫；踌躇→hesita

tedadj.犹豫的；踌躇的9．reliefn．轻松，宽慰→relievev．救济；减轻；解除10．firmlyadv.牢牢地，坚定地→firmn．公司；商行adj.坚定的；结实的v．(使)变得坚实；确定1．in_sight看得到，在视力范围之内2．wish_for盼望，企盼3．

reach_out伸出(手)4．stare_up_at抬头凝视5．watch_out_for留心，密切注意6．come_to_one’s_aid来帮助某人7．in_relief轻松地，宽慰地8．pay_back偿还；报答9．in_the_future将来10．get_across(使

)越过，(使)横穿马路；(使)被了解1．状语从句的省略Once_out_in_the_street(一到大街上),shewalkedquicklytowardsherusualbusstop.2．that引导同位语从句AsPollyobservedthepassengersonthe

train,shehadafeelingthat_she_was_being_watched_by_a_tall_man_in_a_dark_overcoat(一个穿黑色大衣的高个子男人一直在注视着她)．3．n

owheretobedone到处都不……Thetallmanwasnowhere_to_be_seen(到处都看不到)．4．wh-ever引导让步状语从句Outside,wherever_she_looked(无论她往哪儿看)thefoglaylikeathick,greycloud.5．fin

dsb.doing发现某人正在做……Pollyfound_herself_staring_up_at(发现自己正盯着)thefaceofanoldmanwithabeard.ⅠReadthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.1．Why

didthebusconductorrefusetotakePolly?A．Becausethefogwastooheavyforthebustogettoherhome.B．Becausethebuscouldn’tgettoherho

me.C．Becausethebusservicewasbeyondthetime.D．Becauseallthebusserviceswerecancelledduetotheheavyfog.2．WhydidPollyfeelfrightenedonherwayhome?A．Thefo

ggotthickerandthicker.B．Shecouldn’tgethomeontime.C．Shethoughtshemetabadman.D．Shecouldn’tfindamaninthestreet.3．Accordingto

thetext,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Thefogwasverythickinthemorning.B．WhenshegottoGreenPark,theweatherturnedouttobefine.C．PollygottoGreenParkbytrai

n.D．Theoldmancarriedanumbrellainhishand.4．Ifyouarerequiredtogivethebesttitletothispassage,itwillbe“________”．A．HeavyFogB．Help!Help!C．FogAndLifeD．

PayBackHelp答案：1－4.ACCDⅡAnalyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.1．AsPollyobservedthepassengers

onthetrain,shehadafeelingthatshewasbeingwatchedbyatallmaninadarkovercoat.AsPollyobservedthepassengersonthetrain是as引导的__________从句；shehada

feeling是主句；thatshewasbeingwatchedbyatallmaninadarkovercoat是that引导的________从句。[尝试翻译]当波莉观察地铁车厢里的乘客时，她感觉到有一个穿黑色大衣的高个子男人________________她。答案：时间状语；

同位语；一直在注视着2．Asshewalkedalongthenarrowstreet,sheheardthesoundoffootstepsapproaching,butbythetimeshereachedth

ecornerofthestreet,thefootstepsweregone.本句是一个由并列连词but连接的并列复合句。Asshewalkedalongthenarrowstreet是由as引导的____________从句；bythetimeshereachedthecornero

fthestreet也是一个____________从句。[尝试翻译]____________________________，她听到了脚步声在靠近，但当她走到街道的拐角处时，脚步声消失了。答案：时间状语；时间状语；当她沿着那条狭窄的街道行

走时Fog①byBillLoweFogwarningWhenPollylefthomethatmorning②，thecitywasalreadycoveredinagreymist③.Atlunch，

theradioforecast④thatthemistwouldbecomeathickfogintheafternoon⑤.Atfouro’clock，Pollyleftworkandstepped⑥outintothefog.Shewonde

red⑦ifthebuseswouldstillberunning⑧.NobusestoKingStreetOnceoutinthestreet⑨，shewalkedquicklytowardsherusualbusstop.‘Howfarareyougoing?’t

hebusconductorB10askedherbeforehetookherfare⑪.‘KingStreet，’saidPolly.‘Sorry，Miss，’repliedtheman，‘thetruthisthatitistoofoggy⑫forthebusto⑬

runthat⑭far⑮.TaketheUndergroundtoGreenPark.Theweathermightbebetterthereandyoumightbeabletogetataxi.’AtallmanAsPollyobserv

ed⑯thepassengersonthetrain,shehadafeelingthatshewasbeingwatchedbyatallmaninadarkovercoat⑰.Atlastthetrainarrive

datGreenParkstation.Whiletherestofthepassengersweregettingout⑱，sheglanced⑲atthefacesaroundher.Thetallmanwasnowhere⑳tobeseen.①f

og[fɒɡ]n.雾②when引导时间状语从句。③mist[mIst]n.薄雾；水汽④forecast['fɔːkɑːst](forecast，forecast)vt.&n．预测，预报⑤that引导宾语从句。⑥stepv．跨步，迈步n．脚步，步骤stepout走出

去⑦wonderv．想知道，对……感到疑惑n．惊奇，奇迹，奇观⑧if引导宾语从句，意为“是否”。if也可引导条件状语从句，此时if意为“如果，假如”。⑨省略结构作状语，补充完整为Onceshewasoutinthestreet。once意为“一……就……”。○10conductor[kən'

dʌktə(r)]n.(公交车)售票员；(乐队)指挥⑪fare[feə(r)]n.车费before引导时间状语从句。⑫foggy['fɒɡI]adj.有雾的，雾茫茫的⑬too...to...太……而不能……⑭thatadv.那么，相当于so。⑮此处第一个

that引导表语从句。⑯observe[əb'zзːv]vt.观察；注意到；评论observesb.do/doing/done注意到某人做/正在做/做了……⑰overcoat['əʊvəkəʊt]n.长大衣⑱while引导时间状语从句，

意为“在……期间，趁”。⑲glance[ɡlɑːns]vi.&n．瞥一眼，匆匆看glanceat瞥见，浏览，迅速地看⑳nowhere['nəʊweə(r)]adv.无处，到处都不雾比尔·洛浓雾警报那天早晨波莉离开家时，整个城市已笼罩在灰色

的薄雾中。午餐时分，广播预报说，薄雾将会在下午变成浓雾。四点钟，波莉下了班，步入了浓雾中。她想知道公共汽车是否还会照常运行。没有到国王街的公共汽车一来到街上，她就很快地向往常乘车的车站走去。“您要坐多远？”公共汽车售票员收下她的车费前问道。

“国王街。”波莉答道。“对不起，小姐，”售票员回答说，“现实情况是雾太浓了，公共汽车跑不了那么远。乘地铁到格林公园吧。那里的天气可能好一点儿，您也许能叫到一辆出租车。”高个子男人当波莉观察地铁车厢里的乘客时，她感觉到有一个穿着黑色大衣的高个子男人一直注视着她。地铁

终于到达了格林公园站。趁其他乘客下车的时候，她扫视了一下周围的面孔。到处都看不到那个高个子男人的身影。FootstepsWhenPollygottothestationentrance,itwasempty

.Outside,wherevershelookedthefoglaylikeathick，greycloud.Therewasnooneinsight.PollysetofftowardsParkStreet.Asshewalkedalongthenarrowstr

eet,sheheardthesoundoffootstepsapproaching,butbythetimeshereachedthecornerofthestreet,thefootstepsweregone.SuddenlyPollyfelta

roughhandbrushhercheek，andsheheardaman’svoiceinherearsaying‘Sorry.’Themanmovedaway.Shecouldfeelherheartbeatingwithfear

.ThehelpfulstrangerThensheheardthesoundagain—softfootstepsbehindher.Aminutebefore,shehadwishedforsomeonetocome

along.Nowshewantedtorun,butfearheldherstill.Thefootstepsseemedclosenow.Thenaman’svoicecameoutofth

edarkness.‘Isanybodythere？’Pollyhesitated.Atlastsheanswered，‘Hello,IthinkI’mlost.’Afewsecondslater,ahandreached

out☺andgraspedherarm.Pollyfoundherselfstaringupatthefaceofanoldmanwithabeard.‘MaybeIcanhelpyou.Whichroaddoyouw

ant？’heasked.‘Iliveat86KingStreet，’Pollyreplied.‘Justtakemyhand，’saidtheman.‘Comewithme.You’llbeallright.’HetookPolly’shand.‘Watchoutforthestephe

re.’Inhisotherhandthemancarriedastick.Pollyheardithitthestep.‘Icanremembersometerriblefogs,butmaybethatwasbeforeyourtime.Ican’tseeyourface,but

yousoundyoung.Howoldareyou？’‘Justtwenty，’answeredPolly.‘Ah,twenty!Aniceagetobe．Iwasyoungonce.Nowwe’reatthecrossroads.Tur

nlefthere.’‘I’mquitelostnow.Areyousureyouknowtheway？’Pollywasbeginningtofeelfrightenedagain.‘Ofcours

e.Youreallyshouldn’tfeelanxious.’Heheldherhandmorefirmly.○21footstep['fʊtstep]n.脚步(声)○22WhenPollygot...是when引导的时间状语从句。○23wherev

er[weər'evə(r)]adv.&conj.无论哪里shelooked是wherever引导的让步状语从句。○24lievi.(平)躺，存在于，位于。过去式为lay，过去分词为lain，现在分词为lying。○25insight

看得到，在视力范围之内outofsight看不见的，在视力范围之外的○26setoff出发，启程○27narrow['nærəʊ]adj.狭窄的○28Asshewalkedalong...是as引导的时间状语从句。○29approach[ə'prə

ʊtʃ]vi.&vt.靠近；着手处理n．靠近；方法；路径；approach用作名词时，后多接介词to。○30roughadj.粗糙的，粗略的，狂暴的○31brushvt.轻擦，轻拂，刷，掠过n．刷子，

毛刷，画笔○32此处是feelsth.doing结构，beating作宾语补足语。○33withfear害怕地，with表示原因。○34wishfor盼望，企盼(＝longfor)○35comealo

ng出现，到达○36holdvt.(使某人)保持某种姿势hold→held→held○37stilladj.静止的，不动的○38darkness['dɑːknəs]n.黑暗○39hesitate['hezIteIt]vi.犹豫，迟疑不决don’thesitatetodosth.不要犹豫做某事，尽

管做某事○40secondn．秒，片刻○41reachout伸出(手)○42grasp[ɡrɑːsp]vt.抓紧，抓牢○43stare[steə(r)]vi.凝视，盯着看stareupat抬头凝视foundherselfstaring...是“find＋

宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。○44beard[bIəd]n.胡须，络腮胡子○45watchoutfor留心，密切注意○46Aniceagetobe.补充完整应为：Itisaniceagetobetwenty.。○47crossroads['kr

ɒsrəʊdz]n.十字路口atthecrossroads在十字路口○48anxious['æŋkʃəs]adj.焦虑，忧虑beanxioustodosth.急于做某事○49firmly['fɜːml

I]adv.牢牢地，坚定地firm作副词时，表示“坚固地”；而firmly表示“坚决地，坚定地”。脚步声当波莉到达车站入口处时，那里空无一人。外面，无论她往哪儿看，雾像浓密的灰云一样聚积着。一个人也看不

到。波莉向公园街走去。当她沿着那条狭窄的街道行走时，她听到了脚步声在靠近，但当她走到街道的拐角处时，脚步声消失了。突然，波莉感到有一只粗糙的手拂过她的脸颊，并且她还听到了一个男人在她耳边说“对不起”的声音。那个男人走开了。她能感到她的心脏因害

怕而怦怦直跳。热心的陌生人然后，她又听到了那种声音——在她身后响起的轻柔的脚步声。一分钟前，她还盼望着有人朝她走过来。现在她想跑，可恐惧让她挪不动脚步。脚步声这会儿似乎已经离她很近了。接着，黑暗中传来一个男人的声音：“

有人吗？”波莉犹豫了。最终她还是回答道：“你好，我想我是迷路了。”几秒钟后，一只手伸出来抓住了她的胳膊。波莉发现自己正盯着一张长着络腮胡子的老人的脸。“也许我能帮你。你想去哪条路？”他问道。“我住在国王街86号，”波莉答道。“只要拉着我的手就成，”老人说，“跟着我走，不会有事儿的。”他拉着波莉

的手。“当心这里的台阶。”老人的另一只手攥着一根手杖。波莉能听见它敲击台阶的声音。“我还记得几次糟糕的大雾，不过那可能都是在你出生之前的事了。我看不见你的脸，但你听起来挺年轻的。你多大了？”“刚20岁，”波莉答道。“啊，20岁！

多好的年纪啊。我也年轻过。现在我们到十字路口了。在这里向左拐。”“我现在是彻底迷路了。您肯定您认识路吗？”波莉又开始感到害怕了。“当然了，你真的不该感到担心。”老人将她的手握得更紧了。Thegratefulhel

per‘Hereweare.KingStreet.’Hestopped.‘Thankyousomuchforcomingtomyaid，’saidPollyinrelief.‘Wouldyouliketocomeinandrestforawhile？’‘It

’sveryniceofyou，’saidtheman，‘butI’llbeoff.Theremaybemorepeoplelosttoday,andI’dliketohelpthem.Yousee,afogthisbadisrare.Itgivesmethechancetopayba

ckthehelpthatpeoplegivemewhenit’ssunny.Ablindpersonlikemecan’tgetacrosstheroadwithouthelp,exceptinafogl

ikethis.’○50grateful['ɡreItfl]adj.感激的，表示感谢的begratefultosb.对某人表示感激begratefulforsth.感激/感谢某事○51helper['helpə(r)

]n.帮助者○52Hereweare.(＝We’vearrived.)我们(终于)到了。○53aid[eId]n.&vt.帮助cometoone’said来帮助某人○54relief[rI'liːf]n.轻松，宽慰inrelief欣慰地○55wouldl

iketodosth.想要/愿意做某事○56forawhile一会儿，一段时间○57It’sveryniceofyou.常用于表示感谢。○58beoff(＝leave)离开○59this在这里是副词，表示“

如此”，相当于so。○60rareadj.稀有的，罕见的○61payback报答，偿还○62that引导定语从句，修饰help。○63getacross通过；将(想法、信息等)传达给○64can’t...without...没有……无法……感恩的帮助者“我们到国王街了。”老人停住了脚步。“

非常感谢您帮我，”波莉如释重负地说。“您愿意进来休息会儿吗？”“你真客气，”老人说道，“不过我还是得走了，今天可能还会有更多人迷路，我想帮助他们。你瞧，像今天这么大的雾是很少见的。这给了我机会来回报晴天时人们给

我的帮助。像我这样的盲人没有(别人的)帮助是根本过不了马路的，除非是在这样的浓雾里。”A卷[学生用书P77(单独成册)]Ⅰ阅读理解AItwaspastmidnightwhenIsawanemailthattoldmethatIhadb

eenacceptedintotheInternationalSummerSchoolatOsloUniversity,Norway.IwokeupeveryoneathometotellthemthatIwoul

dbeoneoffivehundredstudentsvisitingthisbeautifulScandinaviancountryfortenweeksonafullscholarship(奖学金).Myparentsweredelightedbutanxiousaboutho

wI’dmanageonmyowninaforeignlandforthefirsttime.ThedayIleftthecountrywaspackedwithexcitementandnervousness.Isleptthroughthelongflight

andwokeuptotheannouncementthatwehadcometoOsloAirport.Now,ifIwereinIndia,Iwouldhavetakenataxitomydestination,butmyonlineresearc

hhadtaughtmethatinOslo,takingataxiwouldbeconsideredasawastefulway.SoItookthesubwaytotheuniversity.Uponmyarrival,Iwastoldthatmyroom

hadbeenarrangedandmyroommatehadsettledin.MyroommatewasaChinesestudent,whobecamemyfirstfriend.Thoughitwassunnyoutsid

e,Iwastired.Irealizeditwasclosetomidnight.SunsetsduringsummerareverylateinNorway.IwastostudyacourseonInternationalDevelopmen

tandtheclasshadstudentsfrom20differentcountries.Iworkedwithmyclassmatesongroupprojects.Teamworkbrough

tuscloserasaunit.Werealizedwesharedsimilardreamsaboutourfuture.Osloisacitythathasanexcellentpublictransportssystem.Onecangettoasa

ndybeachorforestwithinminutes.Inourfreetime,wewentforhikesandIrealizedhowmuchIlovedbeingoutdoors.IlearnttoreadmapsandpickedupNorwegian.Thehardestpar

twasgettingusedtoeatingdinnerat5：00pm.Igrewupandintomyselfduringthistrip.Icamebacktomyhometownwithabagfulofhappymemoriesincludingmyn

ewfriendswhohadhelpedmeandwalkedwithmeinthisbeautifulcountry.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者获得了一次免费在欧洲学习的机会，这次经历让他受益匪浅。1．Theauthor’sparentswereworri

edthathecouldn’t________.A．getafullscholarshipB．takegoodcareofhimselfC．learnmoreaboutaforeignlandD．communicatewithNorwegian

swellB解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的MyparentsweredelightedbutanxiousabouthowI’dmanageonmyowninaforeignlandforthefirsttime.可知，作者的父母担心他第一次出国无法照顾好自己。2．Whatcanweinfera

bouttheauthorfromthepassage?A．HefeltterriblyhomesickinNorway.B．HehardlyspokeNorwegian.C．Hecausedmanymisunderstandingsatfirst.D．Hegotalongquitewell

withotherstudents.D解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的Teamworkbroughtuscloserasaunit.Werealizedwesharedsimilardreamsaboutourfu

ture.可知，作者和其他同学相处得非常好。3．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Theauthor’stravelexperienceinEurope.B．Theauthor’sfriendshipwithaC

hinesestudent.C．Theauthor’sfirstexperienceofoverseasstudy.D．Theauthor’smostunforgettablesummerholiday.C解析：主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要介绍了作者

第一次出国学习的经历。BManypeoplemayknowCoachella,whichisoneofthelargest,mostfamousandmostprofitable(盈利的)musicfestivalsintheUnit

edStatesandallovertheworld.However,fewpeopleknowJustforLaughs(JFL).FoundedbyMontrealproducerGilbertRozonin1983,JustforLaughsisthelargestint

ernationalcomedyfestivalintheworld.PaulRonca,thefestival’sdirector,describesJustforLaughsastheCoachellaofcomedy.“Ifyou’reafanofc

omedyorworkinit,thisfestivalshouldbeattheverytopofyourlist，”hesays.JustforLaughswasoriginallyatwo­dayFrench­onlycomedyevent.In1985,AndyNulmanjoined

thefestival’sstaffandintroducedEnglishlanguageeventsaswell.ThankstoAndyNulman,thefestivalgrewfromatwo­dayshowtoamonth­longeventdrawinginte

rnationalaudiences.In1999,Nulmanleftthefestival’sfull­timeemploy.However,hedirecteditsmajorshowsattheSaint­DenisTheatreeveryJuly,

andremainedontheboardofdirectorsofthefestival’sparentcompany.About11yearslater,NulmanreturnedtoJustforLaughsinJuly2010aspresidentofFestivalsandT

elevision.NowJustforLaughsiscomingtoAfrica.Ajointventure(合资企业)betweenthegreatcomedybrandandaSouthAfrica’scompany,JustforLaughsAfricawillgivetheAfri

cancomedianstheopportunityofgettinginternationalpublicity.Thelong­termcontinentalpartnershipwasannouncedduringthe35thMontrealC

omedyFestival,withthenewsthatthefirstJustforLaughsAfricawilltakeplaceinDurban,SouthAfrica.“Wehavealreadysetupsuccessf

ulJustforLaughsfestivalsinmanycitiesbeyondMontrealincludingToronto,VancouverandSydney,andwecouldn’tbemoreexcitedbythisnewventureinSouthAfrica，”say

sGilbertRozon,presidentandfounderoftheJustforLaughsGroup.“TheopportunitytobringtheexperienceoftheJustforLaughsteamtodevelopin

gAfricancomedywasonewejustcouldn’tdecline,_soweagreedonthepartnership，”saysGilbertRozon.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。蒙特利尔国际喜剧节即将来到非洲，将与

南非本土公司合作，推出“非洲轻松一笑”。4．WhatcanwelearnfromPaulRonca’swords?A．JFLisaspopularasCoachella.B．JFLplaysanimportantroleincomedy.C．JFLhasmore

supportersthanCoachella.D．JFLattractsmanypeopletolearningcomedies.B解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的PaulRonca,thefestival’sdirector,

describesJustforLaughsastheCoachellaofcomedy.“Ifyou’reafanofcomedyorworkinit,thisfestivalshouldbeattheverytopofyourlist，”hesays.可知，JustforLa

ughs相当于喜剧界的柯契拉音乐节，在喜剧界有着举足轻重的作用。5．WhatachievementsdidAndyNulmanmake?A．PromotingJFLsuccessfully.B．MakingJFLmoreprofitable.C．IntroducingJ

FLtoSouthAfrica.D．HelpingJFLgetmoreshowinvitations.A解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的ThankstoAndyNulman,thefestivalgrewfromatwo-dayshowtoam

onth-longeventdrawinginternationalaudiences.可知，AndyNulman推广JustforLaughs很成功。6．ThroughJustforLaughsAfrica,theAfricancomediansare

likelyto________．A．developmoreskillsB．makeAfricawidelyknownC．becomeknownworldwideD．improvethedevelopmentofcomedyC解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的JustforL

aughsAfricawillgivetheAfricancomedianstheopportunityofgettinginternationalpublicity.可知，JustforLaughsAfrica是非洲喜剧演

员获得国际知名度的好机会。7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decline”inthelastparagraphmostprobablymean?A．Doubt.B．Explain.C．

Understand.D．Refuse.D解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的soweagreedonthepartnership...可知，这是一个让JustforLaughs团队帮助非洲本土喜剧发展的好机会

，也是我们不能“拒绝”的好机会，所以我们答应了这次合作。CWhenIwas16yearsoldandinfostercareinTennessee,peopletoldmeIwasunadoptable.ButIdesperate

lywantedafamily.Isoughtthehelpofajudge,eventhecommissioneroftheDepartmentofChildren’sServices,andIwasadoptedjustaweekbeforemy17thbirthday.Weha

vealottobegratefulforandthisholidayseasonlet’snotforgetaboutthemorethan415，000youthinfostercareespeciallyolderyouth.Theseyoutharethem

ostlikelytogetoverlookedforadoption,buttheyshouldn’tbe.Theyneedanddeserveafamilyjustasmuchasyoungchildrendo.Makinganolderyouthapartofyourfamil

ycanbringjustasmuchajoyasadoptingababyorayoungerchild—withoutallthediapersandpottytraining.Myadoptionwaslifechanging

andprobablythebestthingthateverhappenedtome.Istillrememberthefirstgiftmyparentsgavetome.ItwasaMickeyMousekeychainwithakeytotheirhome.Theytoldmethat

nomatterwhathappenedtheywouldalwayslovemeandI’dalwayshaveaplacetocomehometo.Thisisour17thThanksgivingtogether...MyfirstThanksgivingwithmyf

amilywasalittleoverwhelmingwithlotsofextendedfamilyincludinggrandparents,aunts,uncles,andcousins.However,it’swhenIrealize

dthatIwouldneverhavetospendanotherholidayaloneandthatwastrulyanamazingfeeling.Iwasalwayseagertospendtimewithmylittle

sister,Beth.ShewassixwhenIjoinedthefamily.Mydadalwayssaysheknewwewerereallysisters,andIwasnolongeraguestinthehousewhenBetha

ndIhadourfirstfight.Today,she’soneofmybestfriends,andI’mherbiggestcheerleader.TherewerealsobittersweetThanksgivings.Onewespentinmymom’s

hospitalroom.Itwastherethatshehelpedmeplanmyweddingbutpassedawaythreeweeksbeforetheceremony.Mydadwalkedmedowntheaisle

,andmysisterwasmymaidofhonor.Becauseofourbond,wewereabletosupporteachotherthroughthatchallengingtimeandthat’swh

atfamilyisfor—thegoodandbadtimes.It’snicehavingmydadandsistertoshareholidaysandspecialoccasions.Butthey’reevenmoreimportantwhenitcomestothelittle

things—likehavingsomeonetosharemybaddaywith,celebratemypromotionatwork,orhelpmethinkthroughadifficultdecis

ion.It’sinthesemomentsthatIjustcan’timaginebeingaloneintheworld.I’msogladthatIdidn’tlistentothosepeoplewhosaidI

wasunadoptable,I’dneverfindafamily,andthatIwasputtingmyselfoutthereforrejection.It’sariskforolderfosteryouthtoconsid

eradoption.It’s_an_opportunity_to_be_rejected_once_again.Butit’sarisktheyshouldtakebecauselifedoesn’tendat18.It’sreal

lyjustbeginning.Ifyouknowsomeonewhomightconsideradoptinganolderteen,pleasesharemystory—andhavehimorherthinkofmyfam

ily.Theydidn’tgettoseemyfirststepsorwatchmebeapilgriminmysecondgradeThanksgivingplay.Buttheytaughtmesomanythingsaboutlife,andwerethe

retowatchmewalkacrossthestagewhenIgraduatedfromcollegeandlawschoolandaccompaniedmetotheWhiteHouselastyearasIwashonoredformyworkhelpingfosteryouth.Ilo

okforwardtomanymoreThanksgivingswithmyfamily,andI’meternallythankfultheychosemetobeapartoftheirfamily.【解题导语】本文主要讲了作者在她16岁时被领

养的故事，介绍了她被领养后的经历和领养年龄较大的青少年的优点。目的就是要呼吁更多的人领养年龄较大的青少年。8．Whatcontributestotheauthor’sfeelingthatshecan’timaginebeingaloneintheworld?A．Thefamil

y’sgivingtheauthoraMickeyMouseasagift.B．Theauthor’sspendingherThanksgivingwithherextendedfamilyfor17years.C．Themother’

sfailingtoattendtheauthor’sweddingceremonyforherseveredisease.D．Thefamily’salwayssharinghappinessandsorrowwithher.D解析

：细节理解题。根据第七段中的likehavingsomeonetosharemybaddaywith,celebratemypromotionatwork,orhelpmethinkthroughadiffi

cultdecision.It’sinthesemomentsthatIjustcan’timaginebeingaloneintheworld.如有人分享我糟糕的一天，庆祝我工作上的晋升，或帮助我做出一个艰难的决定。就是这些时刻让我不能想象独自一人在世界上。可知家庭

总是与她分享快乐和悲伤让她不能想象独自一人在这个世界上。故选D。9．Whatdoesadoptionforolderyouthreallymean?A．Itmeansnotlivingaloneanyl

onger.B．Itmeansbeingtakengoodcareofbyothers.C．Itmeansbeingsuccessfulincareer.D．Itmeansbeinglovedandasenseofbelonging.D解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的Theyneedandd

eserveafamilyjustasmuchasyoungchildrendo.他们像小孩子一样需要并值得拥有一个家庭。可知对大龄的青少年来说，被领养意味着被爱和归属感。故选D。10．Theunderlinedsentence“It’sanopportunityto

berejectedonceagain.”inParagraph8meansthat________．A．olderteenstaketheopportunitytobeadoptedB．olderteensare

lesslikelytobeadoptedC．olderteenscreatetheopportunitytobeadoptedD．olderteensareindangerofbeingadoptedB解析：句意理解题

。It’sanopportunitytoberejectedonceagain.这是一个再次被拒绝的机会，那是因为年龄较大的青少年不太可能被收养。故选B。11．What’stheauthor’smainpurposeofwri

tingthepassage?A．Toexpressherappreciationforherfamily.B．Toshowsympathytotheunadoptableolderyouth.C．Toap

pealtomorepeopletoadopttheolderyouth.D．Topersuadethereadersnottobelieveothers’words.C解析：写作意图题。本文主要讲了作者在她16岁时被领养的故事，介绍了她的经历和领养年龄

较大的青少年的优点。目的就是要呼吁更多的人领养年龄较大的青少年。故选C。Ⅱ七选五TheInternethasopenedupawholenewonlineworldforustomeet,chatand

gowherewe’veneverbeenbefore.Butjustasinfacetofacecommunication,therearesomerulesofbehaviorthatshouldbefollowedwhenonline.1.________Imaginehowyo

u’dfeelifyouwereintheotherperson’sshoes.Foranythingyou’reabouttosend:askyourself,“WouldIsaythistotheperson’sface？”Iftheanswerisno,rewri

teandreread.2.________Ifsomeoneinthechatroomisrudetoyou,yourinstinct(本能)istofirebackinthesamemanner.

Buttrynottodoso.3.________Ifitwascausedbyadisagreementwithanothermember,trytofixthesituationbypolitelydiscussingit.Remembertorespectthebeliefsan

dopinionsofothersinthechatroom.4．________Offeradvicewhenaskedbynewcomers,astheymaynotbesurewhattodoorhowtocommunicate.Whensom

eonemakesamistake,whetherit’sastupidquestionoranunnecessarilylonganswer,bekindaboutit.Ifit’sasmallmistake,youmaynotneedtosayanything.Evenifyou

feelstronglyaboutit,thinktwicebeforesayinganything.Havinggoodmannersyourselfdoesn’tgiveyoulicensetocorrecteveryoneelse.5.________Atthesametime,ifyou

findyouarewrong,besuretocorrectyourselfandapologizetothosethatyouhaveoffended(冒犯)．Itisnotpolitetoaskotherspersonalquestionssuchas

theirage,sexandmaritalstatus.Unlessyouknowthepersonverywell,andyouarebothcomfortablewithsharingpersonalinformation,don’t

asksuchquestions.A．It’snaturalthattheresomepeoplewhospeakrudelyormakemistakesonline.B．Repeattheprocesstillyoufeelsurethatyou’

dfeelcomfortablesayingthewordstotheperson’sface.C．Everyonewasnewtothenetworkonce.D．Thebasicruleissimple:treatothersinthesamewayyouwouldw

anttobetreated.E．Whenyousendshortmessagestoapersononline,youmustsaysomethingbeautifultohear.F．Youshouldeitherignor

etheperson,oruseyourchatsoftwaretoblocktheirmessages.G．Ifyoudodecidetotellsomeoneaboutamistake,pointitoutpolitely.【解题导语】互联网为我们提供了一

个全新的在线世界，我们可以在网上见面、聊天，并且能够去我们以前从未到过的地方。但是，就像面对面聊天一样，网络交流也需要遵守一些规则。1．D解析：考查上下文联系。根据空前therearesomerulesofbehaviorthatshouldbe

followedwhenonline可知，接下来会介绍网络交流中的一些行为准则，再根据空后Imaginehowyou’dfeelifyouwereintheotherperson’sshoes.可知，

这里说的是换位思考，D项“基本规则很简单：以你希望得到对待的方式来对待别人。”串联上下文，故选D。2．B解析：考查上下文联系。askyourself,“WouldIsaythistotheperson’sface？”可知，本段讲的是，

在说话之前应该想清楚是否要当面说出来，B项中的“sayingthewordstotheperson’sface”与前一句相呼应，故选B。3．F解析：考查上下文联系。根据yourinstinct(本能)istof

irebackinthesamemanner.Buttrynottodoso.可知，如果聊天室里有人对你无礼，你不应该反击他，而是应该忽视那个人或屏蔽掉他的信息，F项符合语境，故选F。4．C解析：考查上下文联系。根据空后Offeradvicewhenaskedbynewc

omers可知，本段讲的是，应该为新手提供建议，包容他们所犯的错误。因为每个人在刚开始时对网络都是陌生的，故选C。5．G解析：考查上下文联系。根据空后Atthesametime,ifyoufindyouarewrong,besuretocorrectyourselfandap

ologizetothosethatyouhaveoffended(冒犯)．可知，这里说的是如果你想指出别人的错误，应该用一种礼貌的方式指出来，同时，如果是自己错了，你应该改正错误并向他人道歉，故选G。B卷[学生用书P79(单独成册)]Ⅰ阅读理解Ju

streadingFacebookposts—withoutpostingmessagesorrespondingtocomments—makesusersfeelbadaboutthemselves,somestudieshavediscovered.A2015studyattheUniv

ersityofMichigan,forexample,foundthatstudentswhosimplyreadFacebookpostsfor10minuteswereinaworsemoodbythe

endofthedaythanthosewhopostedmessagesorcommentedonfriends’posts.Researchersthinkthatuserswhoonlyreadpostsmaybeal

wayscomparingtheirownlivestoothers’postsandfeelthey’recomingupshort.Orusersmaysimplybemissingoutonface-to-facehumancommunication.Thisisnecess

aryandimportantforahealthierstateofmind.“Ingeneral,whenpeoplespendalotoftimepassively(被动地)receivinginformation—reading,butnotinteracting

(交流)withpeople—theyreportfeelingworseafterward，”saidanunusualFacebookblogpost.TheresearchappearstobebadnewsforFacebook,butFacebookitselfisgettingthen

egativenewsknowntothepublic.Infact,thefindingssupportthecompany’spushtogetuserstobemoreactiveonthesite,theblognoted

.Researchhasalsofoundthat“interactingwithpeople—especiallysharingmessages,postsandcommentswithclosefriend

sandthinkingofpastinteractions—isconnectedwithimprovementsinwell-being”．OnecommentertotheFacebookblogpostnotedthatit’s“nosurpriset

hatyourconclusions—encouraging‘active’Facebookuse—areconnectedwithFacebook’sbusinessinterests.ItgivesFacebookchancestopersuadeusintosh

aring,commenting,andpostingmorethanever—forourowngood！”ThecompanyhasfacedalotofnegativenewsaboutFacebook.FormerFacebookVicePresidentChamathPaliha

pitiyatoldStanfordUniversitygraduatebusinessstudentsthatsocialmediaaredestroyingsociety.Palihapitiyasaidhefeltreallybadf

ortheroleheplayedinmakingFacebooksooutstanding.“Wekindofknewsomethingbadcouldhappen.”【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，只在Facebook上浏

览文章而不分享动态或与他人互动会使人心情变差。1．Whatdidthe2015studymainlyshow?A．NotallusersconsideredFacebookuseful.B．UsingFacebookintherightwaycouldbene

fitus.C．NotallpeoplelovedinteractingwithothersonFacebook.D．PassivelyusingFacebooknegativelyaffectedusers’moods.D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的．..stude

ntswhosimplyreadFacebookpostsfor10minuteswereinaworsemoodbytheendofthedaythanthosewhopostedmessagesorcommentedonfriends’

posts.可知，这个研究表明：在Facebook上只浏览信息而不主动与他人互动会影响心情。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”inParagraph2referto?A．Avoidingcomparingourselveswithot

hers.B．ReadingthepostsonFacebookpositively.C．Interactingwithothersfacetoface.D．SharingexperiencesonFacebook.C解析

：代词指代题。根据画线词前的Orusersmaysimplybemissingoutonface-to-facehumancommunication.可知，此处是指面对面交流对于保持一个健康的心态很重要，故This指代与他人面对面交流。3．WhydidFacebookmakethefindings

knowntothepublic?A．ToencouragepeopletouseFacebookmore.B．ToshowFacebook’sconcernaboutitsusers.C．Toapologizetoitsusersfortheba

dinfluence.D．Toprovetheimportanceofhumaninteraction.A解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的Infact,thefindingssupportthecompany’spushtogetuserstobemoreactiveonthe

site...及第四段中的ItgivesFacebookchancestopersuadeusintosharing,commenting,andpostingmorethanever...可知，Facebook这样做是为了鼓励用户在该平台更活跃，即鼓励人

们多使用该网站。4．FromwhatChamathPalihapitiyasaid,welearnthat________．A．FacebookhassomedisadvantagesB．Facebook

isfacingseriouschallengesC．FacebookdisappointsthepublicdeeplyD．Facebookisimprovingsomestudents’lifeA解析：推理判断题。根据末段中的Palihapitiyasaidhefeltreal

lybadfortheroleheplayedinmakingFacebooksooutstanding.“Wekindofknewsomethingbadcouldhappen.”可知，Facebook存在一些弊端。Ⅱ完形

填空BillyArjanSinghwasawildlifeexpertinIndia.Singh__1__bigcatcuborphans(幼崽孤儿)，suchasleopards(豹)andtigers.__2__Sing

h，oneleopardcuborphanthatgrewuponhisfarmwasnamedHarriet.But，shewasnota(n)__3__．SinghtaughtHarriethowto__4__inthewild._

_5__SinghreleasedHarriettotheforest，hekepttrackofherforawhile.He__6__whenHarrietwentawaytohavecubsofherown.Atthattimehe__7__

hewouldneverseeheragain.Then，floodscametotheriverandtheforest.Harrietandhertwocubswereindanger.__8__shehadlivedinthewildforyears，Har

riet__9__theplacewhereshehadbeensafeasacub.Shetookoneofhercubsinhermouth.Then，HarrietswamacrosstherivertoSingh’s__10__，walkedintothekitche

n，andputhercubonthefloor.HarrietwentbacktogethersecondcubandbroughtthecubtoSingh’shousetoo.Singh’scookmovedoutand__11__thekitchentothele

opards!Harrietwatchedthe__12__everyday.Oneday，Harrietswamacrosstherivertoseeherhome.Shedecidedthatherhomewas__13__．Sh

etookthefirstcubacrosstheriver，__14__thecurrentintheriverwasstronganditwas__15__forhertoswimbacktothefarm.Harrietknewth

atsheshouldnot__16__acrosswiththesecondcub.__17__，Harriettookhercubinhermouth，walkedtoSingh’sboat，andjumpedin.WhenSin

gh__18__Harriet，heknewthatsheneeded__19__．Singhrowed(划船)theleopardstotheforest.Harrietandhercubswereathomeinthewild__20__．Singhneversawheragai

nafterthat.【解题导语】本文是记叙文。Singh将他从小养大的豹子Harriet放回大自然，本以为再也见不到她了，没想到一次洪水又让他们重逢。在Singh的帮助下Harriet带领小豹子重回家园。1.A．gottiredofB．tookcar

eofC．madeuseofD．tookadvantageofB解析：根据上一句中的Singhwasawildlifeexpert及下一句中的oneleopardcuborphanthatgrewuponhisfarm可知，Singh的工作就是“照顾

(tookcareof)”大型猫科动物的幼崽。2．A.BecauseofB．AccordingtoC．ExceptforD．InrelationtoB解析：根据语境可知，Singh说有一只叫Harriet的豹子在他的农场长大。Accordingto表示“据……所说”。3．A.

friendB．animalC．catD．petD解析：根据下文中的releasedHarriettotheforest可知，Harriet不是“宠物(pet)”，所以Singh将她放回大自然。4．A.exploreB．disappearC．liveD．hideC解析：根据本句中的inth

ewild可知，Singh教Harriet如何在野外“生活(live)”。5．A.AfterB．BeforeC．WhenD．UntilA6．A.doubtedB．knewC．askedD．guessedB解析：根据文中的h

ekepttrackofherforawhile可知，Singh将Harriet放回大自然“之后(After)”，继续跟踪了她一段时间。所以Singh“知道(knew)”Harriet生下了小豹子。7．A.imaginedB．expectedC．suggestedD．thought

D解析：根据上文中的Harrietwentawaytohavecubsofherown可知，Harriet有了自己的孩子，Singh“认为(thought)”他再也见不到Harriet了。8．A.ThoughB．UnlessC．I

fD．ForA9．A.destroyedB．rememberedC．missedD．hatedB解析：根据下文中的HarrietwentbacktogethersecondcubandbroughtthecubtoSingh’shouse可知，“尽管(Though)”Harr

iet在野外生活了好多年，但是她仍然“记得(remembered)”小时候温暖的家。10．A.hometownB．hotelC．officeD．houseD解析：根据下文中的broughtthecubtoSingh’shouse可知，Harr

iet带着她的孩子来到了Singh的“家(house)”。11．A.leftB．returnedC．sentD．showedA解析：根据上文中的Singh’scookmovedout可知，Singh的厨师将厨房“留给(left)”Harriet。12．A.cookB．foodC．

riverD．enemyC解析：根据上文中的floodscametotheriver可知，Harriet天天观察“河流(river)”的情况。13．A.beautifulB．farC．safeD．warmC解析：根据下一句中的Shetookthefirstcuba

crosstheriver可知，Harriet在确认“安全(safe)”后才将小豹子带过河。14．A.andB．butC．soD．orB15．A.difficultB．pleasantC．importantD．possibleA解析：根

据本句中的thecurrentintheriverwasstrong可知，“但是(but)”水流湍急，Harriet游回农场很“困难(difficult)”。16．A.jumpB．runC．walkD．swimD17．A.FirstB．InsteadC．OnceD．BesidesB解析：根据下文

中的Harriettookhercubinhermouth，walkedtoSingh’sboat，andjumpedin可知，Harriet知道自己无法带着第二只小豹子“游(swim)”过河了，所以她“改为(

Instead)”去找Singh寻求帮助。18．A.sawB．foundC．forgotD．followedA19．A.changeB．hopeC．helpD．praiseC解析：根据下文中的Singhrowed(划船)theleopards

totheforest.可知，当Singh“看见(saw)”Harriet的时候，他知道她需要“帮助(help)”。20．A.againB．alreadyC．tooD．aloneA解析：根据上文中的Singhrowed(划船)theleopardst

otheforest.可知，在Singh的帮助下，Harriet和她的小豹子们又“重新(again)”回到了他们的家。Ⅲ语法填空TheBigBangtheoryisscience’sbestexplanationofhowtheuniversebegan.T

hetheoryinsiststhatouruniverse1.____________(create)whenatinyandsuper-hotmassexplodedandbeganexpandingv

eryrapidly.It2.____________(final)cooledandformedintothestarsandgalaxies(银河系)with3.____________wearefamiliar.Itissaid4.____________theeventhappenedap

proximately15billionyearsago.TheeventoftheBigBangwasspaceitselfexpanding—perhapsatspeeds5.____________(great)thanlight.Since

thelate1960s,theBigBangtheory6.____________(be)themainexplanationforthebirthofouruniverse.Because7.____________(physics)havenotyetf

oundaconvincingtheorythatexplainshowgravityoperates,theyareunable8.____________(find)theoriesastowhathappenedaftertheBigBang.Attheverybeginni

ng,ouruniversemayhavebeenanobjectwithnearly­infinitedensity,9.____________perhapssomethingelse.Ourinstrumentsand10.____________(science)methodsmayne

edtobefullyimprovedbeforeanyfurtherprogressismade.1．wascreated解析：考查一般过去时的被动语态。universe与create之间是被动关系，且create所表示的动作发生在过去，故填wascreated。2．finally

解析：考查副词。设空处作状语修饰cooled和formed，故填finally。3．which解析：考查关系代词。此处为由“介词＋关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词starsandgalaxies(银河系),因该关系代词在从句

中作介词with的宾语，故填which。4．that解析：考查连接词。Itissaidthat...意为“据说”，其中It是形式主语，真正的主语是由that引导的从句。5．greater解析：考查形容词比较级。由than可知，此处应用比较级形式，故填greater。6．hasbeen解析：考查现在

完成时。由Sincethelate1960s可知，此处应用现在完成时，故填hasbeen。7．physicists解析：考查名词。设空处作主语，表示“物理学家”，又因谓语动词为复数形式，故填physicists。8．tofind解析：考查不定式作宾语的用法。beunableto

dosth.意为“没有能力做某事”。9．or解析：考查连词。由句意可知，anobjectwithnearly­infinite­density与somethingelse之间是选择关系，故填or。10．scien

tific解析：考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处作定语修饰methods,表示“科学的”，故填scientific。获得更多资源请扫码加入享学资源网微信公众号www.xiangxue100.com