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SectionⅡWelcometotheunit&Reading—LanguagePointsfocuson集中于；关注于(教材P18)Thisarticlewillfocusontwodrugsthatstartedrevolutio
nsinmedicine.这篇文章将着重讲述两种在医学上引起巨变的药物。(1)focusvt.&vi.集中注意力于……；(使)聚集focusone’sattention/efforts/energy/mindon
...集中注意力/努力/精力/心思于……(2)focusn.焦点；关注点thefocusof...……的焦点①Mostofusaremorefocusedonourtasksinthemorningthanwearelaterinthed
ay.我们中的大多数人在早上的时候会比我们在一天中的晚些时候更加集中于我们的工作。②Youshouldfocusyourattentiononyourstudy.Afterallyouareastudent.你应该把注意力集中在学习上，毕竟你是一名学生。③Wherevertheactress
is，sheisalwaysthefocusofattention.这位女演员无论在哪里，都是注意力的焦点。[巧学活用]——完成句子这表明了当今社会的一个普遍现象：孩子是家庭的中心，承载着父母的希望。Itshowsacommo
nphenomenonnowadaysthatchildrenarethefocusoffamilies,shoulderingthehopeoftheirparents.openup打开；开拓；开业；(使某事物)成为可能(教材
P18)Ifyouopenupanymedicinecupboardorgotoanymedicinecounterintheworld,itislikelythatyouwillfindaspirinandpenicillin.倘若你打开世界上的任何一个药柜，或者走到任何一个卖药的柜台，都可
能找到阿司匹林和青霉素。(1)openone’seyestosth.使开眼界，使长见识，使认识openone’shearttosb.向某人讲心里话openone’smindtosth.(使人)思想开阔，意识
到某事(2)keepone’seyesopen留心；注意①Ateachercanopenupanewworldtostudents.老师能够给学生开拓一个新的世界。②MissWangfoundthatstudentswerewillingtoopenuptoh
er.王老师发现学生们愿意对她畅所欲言。③Travellingreallyopensyoureyestoothercultures.旅游真正能使人开阔眼界，了解其他文化。beneficialadj.有益的(教材P18)Bothofthesemedicineshavesavedmillionsofp
eople’slivesandhaveprovedbeneficialtomankindsincetheywereinvented.自这两种药被发明以来，它们已经挽救了数百万人的性命，并已证实对人类有益。(1
)bebeneficialto...对……有益(2)benefitv．&n.有助于；受益；利益；好处beofbenefitto...＝bebeneficialto...对……有益benefitfrom得益于；从……中受益forthebenefitof...为了……的利益①Asamatte
roffact,musiceducationisbeneficialandimportantforallthestudents.事实上，音乐教育对所有的学生都有益而且很重要。②Asweallknow，booksarethesourceofknowledge，fromwhi
chIbenefit(beneficial)alot.我们都知道，书籍是知识的源泉，我从中获益匪浅。③IfIamluckyenoughtobeelected，Iwillmakeeveryefforttoserveforthebenef
itofstudentsandourclub.如果我有幸当选，我将尽最大努力为同学们和俱乐部的利益服务。[巧学活用]——句式升级自从你们到我校参加交流活动以来已经两周了，这项交流活动对我们都有益处。(1)普通表达Ithasbeentwoweek
ssinceyoucametoourschoolfortheexchangeprogram，anditisbeneficialtoallofus．(并列句和be＋形容词)(2)高级表达Ithasbeentwoweekssincey
oucametoourschoolfortheexchangeprogram，benefitingallofus．(现在分词作结果状语)(3)高级表达Ithasbeentwoweekssinceyoucametoourschoolfortheexchangepro
gram，whichisofbenefittoallofus．(定语从句和be＋of＋抽象名词)possessvt.拥有，具有；支配，控制(多用于被动语态)(教材P18)Nearly3，500yearsago,peopleche
wedonleavesordrankakindofteamadefromleavespossessingaspecialchemicaltoreducebodypainsandfever.将近3500年前，人们咀嚼一种含有特殊化学物质的树叶或饮用这种树叶制成的茶，
以减轻身体疼痛或退烧。(1)possessedadj.具有……的bepossessedof具有；拥有；占有(2)possessionn.拥有；所有物，财产(-s)inone’spossessioninpossessio
noftakepossessionof拥有……inthepossessionof为……所拥有，被……占有①Happinessisnotwishingforwhatwedon’thave,butenjoyingwha
twedopossess.幸福不是盼望我们没有的东西，而是享受我们确实拥有的东西。②Thefarmtothewestofthevillageisinthepossessionofhisuncle.村庄西部的农场是他叔叔的。astonishvt.使十分惊讶，使吃惊(教材P1
9)Itastonishedhimtoseethebacteriasurroundingthemoulddead，whichmeantthatthemouldhadkilledthem.令他十分惊讶的是，他发现这种霉周围的细
菌都死了，这意味着这种霉杀死了它们。(1)astonishingadj.令人吃惊的astonishedadj.感到吃惊的beastonishedat/by对……感到吃惊beastonishedtodo做……感到吃惊(2)astonishmentn.惊讶，令人惊讶的事物toone’sas
tonishment使某人吃惊的是①Whattheteacherdidastonishedthewholeschool.这位老师的所作所为使全校惊讶。②I’mastonished(astonish)thathedidn’tpasstheexam.他考试不及格，这使我感到很惊讶。③M
uchtomyastonishment(astonish),sherememberedmyname!使我万分惊讶的是，她居然记得我的名字！④Wewereastonished(astonish)toheart
henewsthatherdaughterhadlefthome.我们听到她女儿离家出走的消息很惊讶。[巧学活用]——一句多译让我们感到非常惊讶的是这个漂亮的女孩竟然是小偷。(1)Toourgreatastonishment,theb
eautifulgirlisathief.(2)Whatmadeusastonishedmostwasthatthebeautifulgirlisathief.(主语从句)tryout测试，试验；参加选拔(教材P19)Flemingtriedthism
ouldoutonanotherbacteriumandfoundthatitkilledthebacteriumtoo.弗莱明将这种霉用在另外一种细菌上做试验，发现它同样杀死了那种细菌。tryoutfor竞争，参加选拔tryon
试穿(衣物)；试试看tryone’sluck/fortune碰运气tryone’sbesttodo...竭尽全力做……①Theapproachseemsgoodbutweneedtotryitoutinpractice.这个方法似乎不错，但我们需要在实践中试验一下。②Sheisgo
ingtotryoutforthebasketballteam.她准备参加篮球队的选拔。③ThecoatisalittletightandIwanttotryonalargerone.这件外套有点紧，我想试穿一件大一点的。动词短语tryout中的out是副词，因此当代词作宾语时，代词置于try
out之间，当名词作宾语时，可置于try和out之间或tryout之后。[巧学活用]——单句语法填空(1)I’dliketotryonthatbluecoattoseeifitmatchesmyshirt.(2)Hisbrother’sexampleinspiredhim
totryoutforthefootballteam.(3)Iwilltrymybesttomake(make)mydreamcometrue.applicationn．[C，U]申请(书)；用途，实际应用(教材P19)Heimmediatelyrealizedthatt
hemouldmighthaveanapplicationintreatingillnessescausedbybacteria.他立刻意识到这种霉或许能用于治疗由细菌引起的疾病。(1)applyv．申请；涂，敷；应用
apply...to...把……运用到……中；把……涂到……上applyoneselfto致力于；集中精力于applyto...适应……apply(to...)for...(向……)申请……(2)applicantn.申请人①Amicr
ocomputerhasawiderangeofapplicationsforbusinesses.微型电脑在商业方面用途很广。②Wemustapplywhatwehavelearnedtoourdailyworkbecauseinnocaseshouldth
eorybeseparatedfrompractice.我们必须把所学的知识应用到日常工作中去，因为理论与实践绝不能分开。[巧学活用]——句式升级Ifyoureallyapplyyourselftoyourstudy,youwillpassthe2018Colle
geEntranceExamination.Applyingyourselftoyourstudy,youwillpassthe2018CollegeEntranceExamination.(现在分词作状语)effectiveadj.有效的；生效的；实际的，事实上的(教材P
19)Second，itwasdifficulttoproducepenicillinintheamplequantitiesneededtobeeffective.其次，有效所需的青霉素也难以足量生产。(1)effectiv
elyadv.有效地；实际上，事实上(2)effectn.影响；效果；作用haveaneffect/influenceon/upon对……产生影响bring/carry/put...intoeffect实施，使生效co
me/gointoeffect开始生效，开始实施takeeffect生效；实施①Wehavetakeneffectivemeasurestopreserveournaturalresources.我们已采取有效措施保护自然资源。②Wes
houldputthenewrulesintoeffectassoonaspossible.我们应该尽可能快地使新规定生效。③ThisregulationwillcomeintoeffectfromS
eptember1.本章程自9月1日起施行。④Animportantnegativeeffectofgossipisthatitcanhurtthepersonbeingtalkedabout.闲谈的一个主要消极作用是它可能会伤害被谈论的人。[巧
学活用]——一句多译吸烟对你的健康有很坏的影响，因此你最好戒掉它。(1)Smokinghasabadeffectonyourhealth,soyou’dbettergiveitup.(effect)(2)Smokingaffectsyourh
ealthbadly,soyou’dbettergiveitup.(affect)inlargequantities大量地(教材P19)In1940,twootherscientists,HowardFlore
y(Australian)andErnstChain(German-bornEnglish),helpedsolvetheseproblems,andmanagedtomakeandtestthenewdruginlargequantities.在19
40年，另外两位科学家霍华德·弗洛里(澳大利亚人)和恩斯特·钱恩(在德国出生的英国人)帮助解决了这些问题，成功地大量制造和测试这种新药物。(1)alarge/smallquantityof＝large/smallquantitiesof大/少量的，后面可以接可数名词的复数，也可以接不可数
名词。(2)alarge/smallquantityof后面的谓语动词用的是单数形式，而large/smallquantitiesof后面的谓语动词用的是复数形式。①It’scheapertobuygoodsinlargequantities.大量购物比较便宜。②Largequantitiesof
carbondioxidearereleasedintotheair.＝Alargequantityofcarbondioxideisreleasedintotheair.大量的二氧化碳被释放到空气中。massn．一团，一堆adj.大量的，许多的v．聚集，集合(教材
P19)SincethenewdrugwasneededforWorldWarⅡ，thegovernmentapprovalprocessforpenicillinwasaccelerated，andmassproductionbegan
in1944.由于这种新药为第二次世界大战所需，政府审批青霉素的流程得以加快，并且于1944年大批量生产。amassof许多，大量massesof许多，大量themasses群众，平民①Therewerema
ssesofdarkcloudsinthesky.天上有大片大片的乌云。②Thegreycloudsmassing(mass)behindthemountainsindicateitisgoingtorain.积聚在群山之后的灰色云团表明要下雨了。③Agreatmassofrocksfellfr
omthecliffandblockedtheroad.一大堆岩石从悬崖上掉了下来，堵塞了道路。(教材P17)Haveyoueverseenadoctor?Ifso,whathappened?你曾经看过医生吗？如果看过的话，发生了什么事情？本句中的ifso是个省略句，so用在i
f之后，代替表示肯定的意思，其完整的形式是“Ifyouhaveseenadoctor”。(1)ifnot是ifso的否定省略形式，意为“如果不是这样的话”。(2)ifany如果有的话ifever如果曾经有的话ifpossib
le如果有可能的话ifnecessary如果必要的话①Ifyouwanttobepopular,aboveall,joininourclassactivitiesandmakeacontributiontoourclassifpossi
ble.如果你想受欢迎，首先，参加班级活动，如果可能的话对班级做些贡献。②Iseverybodyfeelingcold?Ifnot，let’sopenthewindow.大家感到冷吗？如果不冷的话，让我们打开窗户吧。[巧学活用]——完成句子你赞同我推迟去云南旅游吗？如果赞同，请尽快
写信告诉我。DoyouagreethatIwillputourvisittoYunnanoff?Ifso,writebacktotellmeaboutitassoonaspossible.(教材P18)Ifyouopenupanymedicinecupboardorgotoanym
edicinecounterintheworld,itislikelythatyouwillfindaspirinandpenicillin.倘若你打开世界上的任何一个药柜，或者走到任何一个卖药的柜台，都可能找到阿司匹林和青霉素。句中itislikelythat...为固定句
型，意为“很有可能……”。Itislikelythat...可以转化成Sb./Sth.islikelytodosth.。①Youarelikelytosufferfrombadhealthifyoukeepsmoking.＝Itislikelythatyouwillsufferfrombadhe
althifyoukeepsmoking.如果继续吸烟，你的身体健康可能会受到损害。②Itisverylikelythat,inmanyschools,thestudentsaregoingtospendlesstimeindoinghom
eworkthantheyusedto.在很多学校学生做作业的时间将有可能比以前更少。③Manybadhabitscanbeespeciallydifficulttocurebecausetheyarelikelytohavebeenformedataveryyoungage
.许多坏习惯特别难以纠正，因为它们可能是人们在年幼时就形成了的。[巧学活用]——一句多译如果你在一个大家庭中长大，你更有可能培养与他人融洽相处的能力。(1)Ifyougrowupinalargefamily,youaremorelikelytodevelo
ptheabilitytogetonwellwithothers.(2)Ifyougrowupinalargefamily,itismorelikelythatyoudeveloptheabilitytoget
onwellwithothers.(教材P18)Notonlyhasaspirinprovedvitalforreducingfeverandhelpingstoppain,buttherearealsoo
therthingsthataspirincanhelpwith.阿司匹林不仅被证明对于退烧、止痛必不可少，而且还有其他用途。本句中notonly...but(also)连接两个并列分句。因notonly放在句首，故其所在的分句使用了倒装结构。
(1)语法功能：连接平行结构。(2)主谓一致：notonly...butalso...连接两个并列成分作主语的时候，谓语动词和数遵循就近原则。(3)倒装：notonly...butalso...连接两个并列分句，并且当notonly...放在句首的时候，其后的分
句要用部分倒装，butalso后面的分句不倒装。①Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherwasagainsttheplan.不但学生反对这个计划，老师也反对。②Bydoingso,Icannotonlysharegoo
dideaswithothersbutalsolearntoexpressmyselfclearly.＝Bydoingso,notonlycanIsharegoodideaswithothersbutalsoIcanlearntoexpressmyselfclearly.通
过这种做法，我不仅能与他人分享好的想法，而且学会了清楚地表达自我。(教材P19)Ifpenicillinhadnotbeenavailable,manypeoplewouldhavediedfromsicknessorevensmallwounds.如果没有青霉素，很多人会死
于疾病，甚至是很小的伤口。(1)本句为虚拟语气，是对过去的事实作出假设。在这种情况下，条件状语从句通常用过去完成时，主句谓语形式为“would/should/could/might＋havedone”。(2)虚拟条件句的谓语形
式：从句谓语主句谓语虚拟现在一般过去式(be通常用were)should/would/could/might＋do虚拟过去had＋doneshould/would/could/might＋havedone虚拟将
来一般过去式/should＋动词原形/weretodoshould/would/could/might＋do①IfIwereyou,Iwouldseizethechancetogoabroad.如果我是你的话，我会抓住这
个机会出国。②Ifithadn’tbeenforthebigtree,thecarwouldhavefallen(fall)offthebridge.如果不是这棵大树，这辆汽车早从桥上翻下去了。③Ifyoucame(come)tomorrow,wewouldhavethem
eeting.如果你明天来的话，我们将开会。[学生用书P32]Ⅰ品句填词1．Usingcomputersis_________(有益的)tochildren’slearning.答案：beneficial2．Hewaschargedwith___
_________(拥有)agunwithoutalicence.答案：possessing3．Sheseemed____________(吃惊的)toknowthatIhadneverbeentothezoo.答案：astonished4．Ineedtosubmitmy______
______(申请书)soon.答案：application5．Youdealtwiththesituationvery____________(有效地)．答案：effectively6．Iwonderifthe
yaretrulyconcernedwiththeinterestsofthe____________(群众)．答案：masses7．Thenewsystemisthe____________(焦点)ofc
ontroversy.答案：focus8．Hefollowedhisfatherandbecamea____________(外科医生)．答案：surgeon9．Theindustrial____________(革命)tookplaceinEnglandfirst.答案：
revolution10．I____________(支持)ofyourtryingtoearnsomemoney,butpleasedon’tneglectyourstudies.答案：approveⅡ单句改错1．Therefore,ago
odcommandofEnglishwillgreatlybeneficialmeinmywork.____________________答案：beneficial→benefit2．Thepursewasinposse
ssionofanotherstudentandthatstudentwascaught.____________________答案：possession前加the3．“Isityouthatbrokethewindow？
”theteacheraskedtheshyboyinastonish.____________________答案：astonish→astonishment4．Groupexerciseisone
ofthemosteffectwaystoimprovephysicalfitnessandsustain(保持)ahealthylifestyle.____________________答案：effect→effective5．W
ithhisattentionfocusingonthebookhewasreading，hedidn’tnoticewhathadhappened.____________________答案：focusing
→focusedⅢ完成句子1．如果必要的话，我用车去宾馆接你。I’llpickyouupatthehotel________________．答案：ifnecessary2．如果有的话，只有很少的人能经历这个空难而幸存。Fewpeople,____
____________，cansurvivesuchanaircrash.答案：ifany3．如果我有足够的钱，我就买下那辆车了。________________________________，Iwouldhavealready
boughtthecar.答案：IfIhadhadenoughmoney4．他很可能赢得200米的比赛，但是因跌倒在地上而失去了机会。____________________________hewouldwinthe200-mete
rrace,buthefelltothegroundandmissedthechance.答案：Itislikelythat5．他不仅丢了工作，而且还被送进监狱。________________________________，buthe
wasalsosenttoprison.答案：NotonlydidhelosehisjobⅣ课文语法填空Ifyouopenupanymedicinecupboard1.____________gotoanymedicinecounterintheworld,itislikely2.____
________youwillfindaspirinandpenicillin.Aspirin3.____________(invent)in1897.Thefirsttrialsofthismedicinetookplacein1899.In1900aspirin
wassoldinshopsin4.____________formoftablets.Notonlyhasaspirinprovedvitalfor5.____________(reduce)feverandhelpingstoppain,buttherearealsootherthings
thataspirincanhelp6.____________.In1977astudycarriedoutintheUSAshowedthataspirincouldpreventstrokes.Anotherdrugthathashelpedincreas
ethestandardofpeople’s7.____________(healthy)ispenicillin.ItwasdiscoveredbyaScottishscientist8.____________(name)F
lemingin1928.In1940,twootherscientistsmanagedtomakeandtestthenewdruginlarge9.____________(quantity)．Duetothewidespreaduseofpenicillin,ma
nylivesweresavedduringWorldWarⅡ.Penicillinbecamethe10.____________(great)drugofthe20thcentury,savingmillionsoflives.答案：
1.or2.that3.wasinvented4.the5.reducing6.with7.health8.named9.quantities10.greatestA卷[学生用书P105(单独成册)]Ⅰ单句语法填空1．IfIhadn’ttakenyouradv
iceI____________(make)abadmistake.答案：wouldhavemade2．NotonlyyoubutalsoI____________(be)toblame.答案：am3．T
hechangeis____________(benefit)insomewaysbutnotinothers.答案：beneficial4．Hewasfoundin____________(possess)ofdangerousdrugs.答案：
possession5．Heis____________(astonish)tohearhehasgotthejob.答案：astonished6．Theireffortstoimprovetheproductionhavebeenvery____________(
effect)．答案：effective7．Theyfocusedtheirattention____________themainproblems.答案：on8．Someownerswishtheycouldtry____________thecarinaracet
rack.答案：out9．Greatquantitiesofsoil____________(wash)downthehillsidebytherain.答案：werewashed10．Ithinkitislike
ly____________Iwillarrivetomorrow.答案：thatⅡ阅读理解WhenIwasgrowingup,mymotherusedtoeatsomeunpleasantthings.She’dpeelanappleformeandeattheskinsandthenwhen
Iwasdone,she’deatthefruitI’dleftaroundthecore(果核)．Ithoughtsomethingwaswrongwithher.Mymotherdressedugly,too.Shenev
ergotherselfanewpairofsneakers.Ineverunderstoodwhyshedressedsobadly.However,shealwaysboughtmereallycutecoats.I’dprayshe’dnevercomet
omyschool.Mymotherwassoembarrassing.Thenonemorning,recently,Ifinallygotit.Aftereatingmydaughter’sunwantedpiecesoftoastforbreak
fast,wewentshopping.Ineedednewshoesforawedding.However,oncewegottothemallIrealizedthatmyfeetweren’tgrowing.Itwasjust
aparty.Noonewasgoingtobelookingatmyfeet.Butthebaby？She’dnearlyoutgrownallofhershoesandwouldbeinanews
izesoon.SheneedednewshoesmorethanIdid.Whenwegothome,wehadlunch.Sheatethetopsofthebroccoli(西兰花)andIrealizedI’dlearnedtolovethetough
stems(茎)．Iwantedapeachbuttherewereonlytwoleft,soIdecidedthatIdidn’treallylikepeachesasmuchasIdidwhenIwa
slittleanyway.Neitherdidmymomandthat’swhyshealwaysletmehavethelastonesinthepackagetoo.Whenyou’reaparent,youdon’tmindgivingupthegoodparts
.Idon’tneedabunchofnewthingsbecauseIhaveallIneed.IhavemydaughterandherhappinessandIhaveamotherthatIfina
llyappreciate—amotherwhooncegavemeallthegoodpartsinhopethatonedayI’dgrowuptobethatkindofparenttoo.【解题导语】本文
是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了母亲对自己“吝啬”的背后是对孩子深深的爱。1．Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor’smotherfromParagraph1?A．Shehidhertruefeelingsbeforeherdaughter
.B．Shecaredaboutherchildmorethanherself.C．Shefeltembarrassedaboutherappearance.D．Shecouldn’taffordnewclothesforherself.B解析：细节理解题。第一段
作者通过对比形象地展现了母亲对自己满满的爱。2．Whatwastheauthor’sattitudetohermother’sdressatfirst?A．Supportive.B．Negative.C．Unconcerned.D．S
atisfied.B解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的Ineverunderstoodwhyshedressedsobadly...I’dprayshe’dnevercometomyschool.Mymotherwassoemb
arrassing.可知，作者开始对母亲的衣着并不理解也不赞成，故选B项。3．Whatdidtheauthorrealizeintheend?A．Hermothermeanseverythingtoher.B．Hermother’slovetoherhasneverchanged.
C．Sheshouldappreciatehermother’sgreatlove.D．Parentsshouldsetanexampletotheirchildren.C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句、第三段第二句
以及第四段最后一句可知，作者最终发现自己也不知不觉地学会了把最好的留给孩子，她也因此意识到母亲对自己的爱，内心对母亲充满感激。4．Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A．M
other’sLoveB．ALovingChildC．AStrongMotherD．AnUnforgettableExperienceA解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，从作者的母亲把最好的留给自己到作者把最好的留给自己的女儿，字里
行间流露出了母爱的传递，故最佳标题为A项。Ⅲ完形填空IneverexpectedtogototheUniversityofMichigan.IgrewupinasmallMidwesttownwherecolle
gewasn’t__1__byanymeans.Manystudentsenteredtheworkplace__2__outofhighschool.Foralongtime，that’swhereIthoughtIwould__
3__．Atsomepointduringmysenioryear，Istarted__4__everywhere，justbecauseIwantedtosee__5__Iwouldget.Ihadtherequiredgrade
sandtheACT(AmericanCollegeTesting)__6__，butIcamefromatownofnowhere.Soyoucanimaginetheemotionsof__7__IhadwhenIreceive
dabigenvelopeinthemailwiththeword“__8__”writtenacrossthetop.Nowthattheopportunitywasopentome，Idecidedtogo.Ihadreceived__9__aidandscholarships，which
Ithinkwasa__10__factor(因素)inthedecision.Butmyparentsdidn’tsee__11__collegeasanopportunityformetobuil
dupmy__12__．AnditseemedthatnomatterhowmuchworkI__13__，itwouldjustbeconsideredawasteof__14__．IoftenfeltIwaslack
ing__15__．Ididtheapplicationallbymyself.Aftermovingtothecollege，Ididtwojobsandpaidformy__16__andbills.Lookingbackonitnow，Ifeelthatitwas
n’t__17__tobeselfreliant.Butinthelongrun，I__18__thelackofsupportIhadatsuchakeypointinmylifewhichtaughtmetobe__19__andresponsibleinhardtimes，
togobeyond__20__andtotrythingsIneverthoughtIwouldeverbeabletotry.Ibelievethat’swhatcollegeisallabout.1．A.expectedB．envi
edC．admiredD．affordedA解析：根据空前一句“IneverexpectedtogototheUniversityofMichigan.”及空后一句“Manystudentsenteredtheworkplace______outofh
ighschool.”可知，作者在美国中西部的一个小城镇长大，很多学生在高中毕业后就工作了，所以作者没料到自己一个来自小城镇的人能上大学。expect“期待，料想”；envy“羡慕，忌妒”；admir
e“欣赏，赞赏”；afford“负担得起”。2．A.straightB．randomlyC．lateD．happilyA解析：根据上文可知，作者没有料到自己会上大学，因为这儿的很多学生高中毕业后直接(straight)就去工
作了。straight“直接地，立即”；randomly“随机地，随意地”；late“晚，迟”；happily“快乐地，高兴地”。3．A.workupB．putupC．endupD．pickupC解析：根据上文可知，作者没有料到自己能上大学，认为自己最终也会
和其他学生一样高中毕业后直接去工作。workup“激发”；putup“建造”；endup“(尤指经历一系列意外后)最终处于，到头来”；pickup“拾起”。4．A.deliveringB．applyingC．registeringD．competingB解
析：此处表示在高中毕业那年的某个时候，作者开始到处申请(大学)。根据常识可知，想要上大学需要进行申请。下文中的“Ididtheapplication”也是提示。deliver“发表，递送”；apply“申请”；register“登记，注册”；compete“竞争，
竞赛”。5．A.whenB．whetherC．howD．whereD解析：分析空处所在句子结构可知，从句“______Iwouldget”中缺少地点状语。6．A.qualificationsB．diplomasC．scoresD．c
ertificatesC解析：根据本句中的“requiredgrades”用“theACT(AmericanCollegeTesting)”可知，作者达到所要求的成绩和ACT分数(scores)。此处“grades”
与“scores”同义。qualification“资格，学历”；diploma“文凭，学位证书”；score“分数，成绩”；certificate“证明书，文凭”。7．A.anxietyB．reliefC．calmnessD．conflictD解析：根据上文中的“Ihad
therequiredgradesandtheACT(AmericanCollegeTesting)______，butIcamefromatownofnowhere.”可知，作者达到了大学的申请条件，但觉得自己来自一个不知名的小镇，因此心情矛盾(conflict)
。anxiety“焦虑，忧虑”；relief“宽慰，安心”；calmness“平静，冷静”；conflict“矛盾、冲突”。8．A.WishesB．RegardsC．CheersD．CongratulationsD解
析：根据下文中的“Nowthattheopportunitywasopentome，Idecidedtogo.”可知，作者最终上了大学，故信封上的字应是“祝贺”。regards“致意，问候”；cheers“干杯(用于祝酒)”；congratu
lations“祝贺”。9．A.financialB．spiritualC．academicD．parents’A解析：根据下文中的“scholarships”可知，作者得到了助学金和奖学金。financialaid“(高等院校的)助学金，助学贷款”。spiritua
l“精神的”；academic“学术的”。10．A.boringB．drivingC．discouragingD．promisingB解析：根据上文可知，作者获得了经济上的帮助，这推动了作者决定去上大学。boring“无聊的”；driving“推进的，起推动作用的”；discourag
ing“令人沮丧的”；promising“有前途的，有希望的”。11．A.adjustingB．attendingC．droppingD．managingB解析：根据上文可知，作者决定去上大学，但是作者的父母不
把上大学看作是作者发展潜能的机会。attendcollege“上大学”。adjust“调整”；drop“终止，放弃”。12．A.moralityB．survivalC．potentialD．confiden
ceC解析：参见上题解析。morality“道德”；survival“幸存，生存”；potential“潜能”；confidence“自信”。13．A.getinB．takeinC．putinD．persistinC解析：根据语境可知，似乎无论作者付出多少
努力，都只是被看作浪费时间。getin“到达”；takein“欺骗”；putin“投入(时间、精力)”；persistin“坚持，执意”。14．A.spaceB．moneyC．resourceD．timeD解析：根据语境可知，作者的父母认为上大学就是在浪
费时间。15．A.supportB．courageC．motivationD．concernA解析：根据空后的“Ididtheapplicationallbymyself.”及下文中的“lackofsupport”可知，没有人支持帮助作者。support“支持，帮助”；cou
rage“勇气”；motivation“动力，积极性”；concern“关切”。16．A.feastsB．necessitiesC．seminarsD．majorsB解析：上大学之后，作者做了两份工作，独立支付日用必需品的开销和账
单。feast“筵席，宴会”；necessity“必需品”；seminar“讨论会，研讨班”；major“专业”。17．A.hardB．rightC．easyD．awkwardC解析：现在回想一下，作者感觉自力更生并不容易。根据后一句中的“But”可知，作者认为自力更生不容易
，但却从中受益匪浅。18．A.ignoreB．appreciateC．forgetD．disapproveB解析：从长远来看，作者感激在生命的关键时刻缺少帮助这件事情，这教会作者在困难时期独立并有责任心，教会作者超越
预期并且尝试从来没有想过自己能尝试的事情。ignore“忽视，不理”；appreciate“感激，欣赏”；forget“忘记”；disapprove“不同意”。19．A.independentB．easygoingC．honestD．considerateA解析：参见上题解析。i
ndependent“独立的”；easy-going“随和的”；honest“诚实的”；considerate“考虑周到的”。20．A.recognitionB．descriptionC．controlD．expectationD解析：作者在文章开头
提到从来没料到自己能上大学，与此处呼应，故选D项。recognition“识别，承认”；description“描述”；control“控制”；expectation“期待，预期”。B卷[学生用书P107(单独成册)]Ⅰ阅读理解AWhenAmyPaulsonwasgrowing
upinPhoenix,Ariz.，peoplewouldoftenstopheronthestreetwithhermomanddadtosayhowluckyshewasthatherfamilyhadadoptedher.P
aulson,nowbasedinSanFrancisco,wasabandonedinapolicestationinSeoulwhenshewasadayoldandspentherfirstthreemonthsinanorphanage(孤儿院)．“Ialwa
yswonderedwhyIshouldbemorethankfultomyparentsthanthenextperson，”shesays.In2011,however,PaulsonreconnectedwithherbirthmotherinSouthKorea,h
eradoptivemombyherside.“MyKoreanmothertookmyAmericanmother’shandsinhersandsaid，‘Thankyou.’Afterthat,mywholeworldchanged，”Paulso
nsays.Atthetime,shewasworkingintheecommercesectorandstrugglingwithanxiety,depressionandaneatingdisorder.Reconnectingwithherbirthfamily,howev
er,madeherfeelliketheluckiestpersonintheworld—andshewantedtoactivelysharehergoodfortune.Thatyear,shequitherjobandcofounded
theGlobalGratitudeAlliance,whichpartnerswithgrassrootsorganizationstocreatecommunityledsolutionsforsocialandeconomicchange.Sincethen,as
enseofthankfulnesshasbecomePaulson’sbeliefforwork,relationshipsanddailylifeingeneral.“Thatapproachcanmakeyouhappierandhealthier，”saysLouisaJewel
l,founderandpresidentoftheTorontobasedCanadianPositivePsychologyAssociation,anonprofitdedicated(致力于)towell-
being.Somecallit“spontaneousgratitude(自发的感激)”，othersdescribeitas“casual”；eitherway,it’smorethananoccasionalfeelingofap
preciationwhensomethinggoesright.“Thisattitude，”saysJewell，“canbecomealens(透镜)throughwhichyoucanseetheworld,whichisdiffer
entthanjustsayingthankyoutosomeone.”【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了一位从小被收养的女孩从不知如何感恩到明白感恩的意义，并为之付诸行动的故事。1．HowdidPaulsonfeeltowardsheradoptiveparentsatfirst?
A．Shewasdissatisfiedwiththem.B．Shedidn’tputhertrustinthem.C．Shethoughtherselfluckytobeadopted.D．Shedidn’tshowmuchappreciat
iontothem.D解析：推理判断题。由第一段中的peoplewouldoftenstop...hadadoptedher以及whyIshouldbemorethankfultomyparentsthanthenextperson可知，AmyPaulson起初不明白
感恩的意义。2．WhatcausedPaulson’schange?A．Herworkexperience.B．Thestruggleshewentthrough.C．Ameetingwithherbirthmother.D．Theconnectionwithheradoptivem
other.C解析：细节理解题。由第二段中的MyKoreanmothertookmyAmericanmother’shandsinhersandsaid，‘Thankyou.’Afterthat,mywholeworldc
hanged可知，作者在生母与养母见面之后，内心受到了触动，决定改变。3．WhydidPaulsonco-foundtheGlobalGratitudeAlliance?A．Torealizeherownvalue.B．Tohelpthosewhoareinne
ed.C．Tobuildanewcareerforherself.D．Toencourageasenseofthankfulness.D解析：推理判断题。由第二段中的Reconnectingwithherbirthfamily.
..goodfortune.以及第三段中的asenseofthankfulnesshasbecome...ingeneral可知，Paulson觉得自己是世界上最幸运的人，想要和人们分享她的好运气，并希望通过自己的努力让人们学会感恩。4．WhatdoJewell’swordsstress?A．
Thesecrettosuccess.B．Theimportanceofgratitude.C．Thetruemeaningofhappiness.D．Therightwaytoexpressgratitude.B解析：细节理解题。由最后一段中的“Thatapp
roachcanmakeyouhappierandhealthier，”saysLouisaJewell以及canbecomealens(透镜)...tosomeone可知，Jewell认为感恩有益于人的身心健康。BRead
withGreaterSpeedDoyouhavedifficultyreadinginclass?Ifso,aspecialreadingprogrammethathelpsmatch(匹配)soundswithletterscouldspeedupyourbrain.Atleaston
eoutofeveryfiveelementaryschoolstudentsintheU．S.hastroublelearningtoread,evenwhenthestudentsaregoodatothersubjects.
Thebiggestchallengeformanyofthesekids,scientistssay,ismatchingsoundswithletters.ResearchersfromYaleUniversi
ty(耶鲁大学),U．S.，studiedagroupofchildrenfromNewYorkandConnecticutState.Aspartofthestudy,37strugglingreadersreceivedspecialtutoring.Everyday,instructo
rsworkedwiththemonrecognizinghowwrittenlettersrepresentunitsofsoundcalledphonemes(音素)．Thestudentsalsopracticedreadingaloudandspelling.
Bytheendoftheschoolyear,thesechildrencouldreadfasterthanbefore.Theyalsomadefewermistakes,andunderstoodmoreofwhattheyr
eadthantheycouldearlierintheyear.Aspartoftheirstudy,theresearchersusedaspecialmachinetotakeactionphotosoft
hestudents’brains.Thepicturesshowedanincreaseinactivityinthebackofthebrainontheleftside.Thisisthesamepartofthebrainthatbecomesa
ctivewhengoodreadersread.Thisactivatedbrainareaappearstoincludeastructure(结构)thathelpspeoplerecognizefamiliarwritt
enwordsquickly.Inlowerlevelreaders,thisstructureremainsinactive.Ayearlater,thebrainstructurewasstillworkinginthestudentswhohadgonethrough
thespecialtutoring,andtheycontinuedtodowellinreadingtests.Anothergroupinthestudywhowentthroughamoretraditionalreadingprogrammedid
n’tshowthesameprogress.However,someresearchersstilldoubtthestudy.Theybelievethatreadingwithoutmakinganynoiseorlinkingwordstosoundsismoreefficient
.5．Thereadingprogrammetalkedaboutinthispassageisdesignedspeciallytohelp________．A．youngpupilswhoareb
ackwardingeneralsubjectsB．elementarystudentswhocan’tmatchsoundswithlettersC．elementarystudentswhosebrainstructureisinactiveD．smal
lpupilswhohavedifficultyinreadingD解析：推理判断题。文章第一段出现havedifficultyreading，第二段出现elementaryschoolstudents，把两处信息综合起来，可得出答案。6．Theprogrammetalkedab
outinthepassageseemsto________．A．improvestudents’abilityinstudyingB．improvestudents’abilityinreadingaloudC．activatethebra
inareaontheleftsideD．activatethebrainareaontherightsideC解析：细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段可推知，这项训练目的在于激活学生左脑不活跃的脑组织。7．Theresearcherswhodoubt
theprogrammebelievethatstudentsshould________．A．readaloudB．readsilentlyC．matchsoundswithlettersD．improvetheirreadin
gabilitynaturallyB解析：推理判断题。文章介绍的这种训练是出声朗读，因此最后表示怀疑的人显然认为学生该“默读”，不必去进行“音”和“形”的匹配。由文章最后一句可推知答案。8．Theunderlin
edword“tutoring”inthelastparagraphhasasimilarmeaningto“________”．A．trainingB．effectC．struggleD．purposeA解析：词义猜测题。通过文章提供的语境判断，这是一项“训练”学生阅读能力的项目。Ⅱ七选五I
tisveryimportantforkidstobecourageous.Abravechildismorelikelytowithstandnegativepeerpressure,saynototemptations(诱惑)andfightthegoodfight.1.________
Itboostskids’resilience(适应力),confidenceandwillpoweraswellastheirlearning,performanceandschoolengagement.Hereareseveralwaystodevelopkids’cour
age：Setamodelofcourage.Kidswhowatchtheirparentssticktheirnecksouttodotherightthingaremorelikelytodothesame.2.________
Thenexpresshowgooditfeelswhenyouconqueryourfearsinsteadoftakingashortcut.Yourkidswilllearnhowtotakeonthetoughchallengetheyfacebywitn
essinghowyoutackleyourfears.3．________Researchfindsthatkidsaremorelikelytobecourageousiftheybelievethattheirparentsencouragethemtosupporttho
seinneed.Discussbraverywithyourkids:Tellthem“Courageismakingthechoicetodowhatyouknowisrightevenifyouare
afraid.”Askyourkidstosharetheiractsofbravery.Learningtobebravetakespractice,soencourageyourchildrentodosom
ethingcourageouseveryday.4.________AmomItalkedtohadherkidssharetheirbravedeedsatdinnertime.Teachyourkidshowtoreducetheirfears.Ifnotkeptu
ndercontrol,fearscanbepowerful.5.________Youmightencouragepositiveselftalk,suchassaying“Icanhandlethis”or“Ihavecourage
todothis”.Orteachyourchildrentotakeslow,deepbreathstofindcourage.A．Talkaboutvaluesandcourage.B．Couragehasoth
ersurprisingbenefits.C．Thegoodnewsisthatcouragecanbetaught.D．Teachyourchildrensimplestrategiestobebrave.E．Letyourchildrenseeyoustepoutofyourcomfortz
one.F．Intoday’suncertainworld,kidswillneedcourageandconfidence.G．Thentaketimetofocusontheircourageousbreakthroughs.【
解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了四个培养孩子勇气的方法。1．B解析：根据上文可知，一个勇敢的孩子更能承受压力、拒绝诱惑，更能够为了信仰和原则而斗争；根据空处后一句可知，勇气能提高孩子的适应力、信心和毅力。据此可以
判断，空处承上启下，说明勇气还有其他的益处，故B项正确。2．E解析：本段讲述榜样的作用。根据空处后一句可知，要向你的孩子表达克服恐惧而非走捷径的感觉是多么棒。据此可以判断，空处说明要让你的孩子看到你走出舒适区，故E项正确。3．A解析：
根据该空位置可知，该空为该段的主题句。通读该段内容，尤其是该段最后一句可知，要与你的孩子讨论勇气，告诉他们勇气是即使你害怕也选择去做你认为正确的事。据此可知，该段主要陈述培养勇气的方法：和孩子讨论价值观和勇气，故A项正确。4．G解析：根
据空处后一句可知，一位“我”与之交谈过的母亲让她的孩子晚饭时分享他们自己的勇敢行为。据此可知，空处陈述与此对应的父母的做法：要花时间专注于孩子的勇敢突破，故G项正确。5．D解析：根据空处后一句可知，你可能会鼓励孩
子进行积极的自我对话，比如说，“我可以处理这件事”或“我有勇气做这件事”。据此可以判断，空处是说要教会你的孩子变得勇敢的一些简单的方法，故D项正确。Ⅲ短文改错Asweallknow,wecanmeetwithvariouschallengesinour
life.Facingwithchallenges,howshouldwedo?Lastmonth,ourclassclimbedMountTai,whichwasmorethan1，500metersabovesealevel.Lackingexercises,Ithoughtthat
thisactivitywasgreatchallengeforme.IfeltveryexhaustedhalfwaythatIwantedtogiveup.Seethis,myclassmatesandevensome
strangersencouragedme.Intheend,Imanagedtoreachonthetopofthemountain.Therefore，don’tgiveupinthefaceofc
hallenges.Ifyouaredeterminedenough,it’scertainlythatyoucanovercomeit.答案：Asweallknow,wecanmeetwithvariouschallengesinourlife.Facing
Facedwith/Facingwith＼challenges,howwhatshouldwedo?Lastmonth,ourclassclimbedMountTai,whichwasismorethan1
，500metersabovesealevel.Lackingexercisesexercise，Ithoughtthatthisactivitywasa∧greatchallengeforme.Ifeltverysoexhaustedhalfwaythat
Iwantedtogiveup.SeeSeeingthis,myclassmatesandevensomestrangersencouragedme.Intheend,Imanagedtoreachon＼thetopofthemountain.Therefore，don’tgiveupin
thefaceofchallenges.Ifyouaredeterminedenough,it’scertainlycertainthatyoucanovercomeitthem.获得更多资源请扫码加入享学资源网微信公众号
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