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考点分类练(十一)主旨大意题(2)(限时:25分钟)Passage1(2023辽宁鞍山二模)Afewyearsago,Iwentshoppingwithafriendforanewmotorcycle.Hedidn’thaveaparticularbrandormodelinmi

ndexcepttwostandards.Abigengine—sincetoomuchhorsepowerisneverenough—andsincehe’stall,arelativelyrelaxedridingposition.Isuggesteda

Hayabusa,whichmethisstandardsoranXS-14R.Bothwerewithinhisbudget,especiallytheHayabusasincethedealerwasofferinga$2,500discountonapreviousyear’sm

odel.Herodethembothandlovedthemboth.ButthenhebecameveryinterestedinaZX-6RKRT—agreatmotorcycle,sure,butwithamuchsmallermo

torandaridingpositionthatmadehimlooklikeacontortedmantis(变形的螳螂).Itseemedlikeastrangechoice.Ifeltpuzzleduntilithitme.Thep

urchaseofanymotorcycle750ccandundercamewithafreehelmet(头盔).Sincemyfriendalsowantedanewhelmet,gettingoneforfreewasextremelyattractive.Aftera

ll,themathdidn’twork.Weeventuallynegotiated$3,200offthepriceoftheHayabusa.Thefreehelmetwasonlyworth$250.However,myfriend’

sfinaldecisionwasZX-6RKRTwithafreehelmet.A2017studypublishedinMarketingSciencefoundthatpeopletendtosignifi

cantlyovervalue“free”.Whenfacedwithachoiceofselectingoneofseveralavailableproducts,peoplewillchoosetheoptionwiththehighestcost-benefitdiff

erence;however,decisionsaboutfree(zero-price)productsdiffer,becausepeopledonotsimplytakeawaycostsfrombenefitsbutinstead,considerthebenefitsass

ociatedwithfreeproductstobehigher.Twomonthslater,myfriendtradedinhis6Rfora14R.ButIdon’tthinkbadlyofhim.W

e’veallbeenblindedbythepowerof“free”.Sowheneversomethingisfree,stopandconsidertheintention,andsee“free”asareasontodoevenmorem

ath.1.Whatkindofmotorcycledidtheauthor’sfriendintendtobuy?A.Agoodsecond-handone.B.Apreviousyear’sHayabusa.C.Ah

ighlyfashionableXS-14R.D.Apowerfulandcomfortableone.2.WhataspectoftheZX-6RKRTattractedtheauthor’sfriendmost?A.Itsprice.B.Themotorc

ycle’s750ccengine.C.Itsfreegift.D.Themotorcycle’sclassicaldesign.3.Whydoestheauthormentionthe2017study?A.Toofferhisfrien

dabetterpurchaseplan.B.Tostresstheimportanceofnegotiatingskills.C.Totellreadershowtogetmorezero-priceproducts.D.Toexplainwhyhisfriendmad

esuchanunwisechoice.4.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.It’stimetostopdoingthemath.B.“Free”issometimestheworstdeal

.C.Gettingsomethingforfreeissofun.D.Wealllovetobuysomethingonsale.Passage2(2023江西赣州一模)IsawtheSwedish

filmadaptation(starredbyTobiasAlmborgeandAnna-LenaBrudin)ofFredrikBackman’sincrediblyfunny,heartbreakingnovel“A

ManCalledOve”.Towardtheendofthatfilm,whichwasbeautifullywrittenanddirectedbyHannesHolm,thereisasceneinwhichOve,aw

idower(鳏夫)inhis60s,takeshisneighboursoutforadrive.Astheyridetogether,thenormallyunfriendlyandsevereOvesighs,allowshimselfararesmileandsays:“Thisisliv

ing.”Mostviewersprobablydidn’tgivethislittlecommentofOve’sasecondthought.Forme,though,itmarkedtheturningpointofOve’ssearchforrenewed

purposeinhislife.InOve,Backmanhascreatedacharacterwhoattimescanbeunreasonable,stubbornandevendownrightrude—thesortofman

whoseshockingandmorallyunacceptablereactionstoeverydaysituationsbecomethesubjectofcomicanecdotesthatareretoldcountlesstimesbyenemiesand

friendsalike.Manyofthepeopletellingthosestoriesdon’trealize,though,thatmuchofOve’sstrangebehaviourisactuallyasymptomofhisprivateheartache.W

idowed,livingaloneandrecentlypushedintoretirement,OveisstrugglingattheoutsetofBackman’sstorytofindsomethingworth

livingfor,andhisunwillingnesstosharewithotherswhatheisgoingthroughservesonlytofurtherseparatehimfromtheworld.Ove’ssituationremindsmeofth

eisolationweallfeltduringthepandemic.Isawalongwitheveryoneelsehowquicklylonelinessandisolationcaninfluenceharmony,drivingpeopleapartatatimewh

enweneedtoconnecttoothersthemost.Oveisjustgoingonadrivewithneighbourswhenhesays,“Thisisliving,”butIthinkhei

sfeelingthewaymanyofusdidwhenthepandemicbecamelessseriousandwebegantoreconnectwiththeworld.Inthatmoment,Ovehasstartedtof

indhisnewpurposejustbyallowingothersbackintohislifeandcaringforthem.5.Whoisthescreenwriterof“AManCalledOve”?A.T

obiasAlmborge.B.Anna-LenaBrudin.C.FredrikBackman.D.HannesHolm.6.WhatcanweknowaboutOve?A.Hewasbornwithabadtemper.

B.Heispopularwithpeoplearound.C.Hehasintegratedhimselfintosociety.D.Hesuffersfromsocialanxietydisorder.7.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?

A.Ove’spresentlivingsituation.B.Theinfluenceofthepandemic.C.ThereasonsbehindOve’sstrangebehaviour.D.Theimp

ortanceofrelationshipwithothers.8.Whatisthistext?A.Adiaryentry.B.Amoviereview.C.Abookintroduction.D.Ashortstory.Pas

sage3(2023江西南昌二模)Justasdigitaltransformationimprovedmanybusinessesandemergingtechnology,artificialintelligence(A.I.),andmachine

learningalsohavethepotentialtogreatlyimproveoperationsinhealthcaresettings.Bringinginthesechangesisbecomingincreasinglypopularforhealt

hcareproviders.OnecompanyleadingtheautomationrevolutioninhealthcareisAKASA,aSanFrancisco-baseddeveloperofA.I.forhealthcare

operations.“Americanmedicinemaybethebestintheworld,butthehealthcaresystemisstillfarbehindbecauseithasacomplicatedback-en

dsystem,”saysAKASA’schiefexecutiveofficerandco-founderMalinkaWalaliyadde.“Wearesimplifyingandautomatingthatsystemtomakeitabetterexperienceforhealthca

reproviders.”ForAKASA,theresulthasbeenanimmediateimprovementinbothpatientsatisfactionandtheirorganizati

on’srevenues(收入).MethodistHealthSysteminOmaha,forexample,beganworkingwithAKASAtoautomatethenon-value-

addedaspectswithinitsrevenuecycle.“Now,processesthatusedtotakemorethansevenminutestodeterminearedowntojustoneminute,”saysJeffFrancis,M

ethodistHealthSystem’schieffinancialofficerandvicepresidentoffinance.“Therehasbeenasharpincreaseinrevenue,whichisupbya

tleast1%to$3billion.”WalaliyaddecreditsAKASA’simpressiveproductofferinganditsamazingresultstothedevotionandunmatchedexpertiseofitsworkfo

rce.“Wehirethebestandthebrightestinboththehealthcareandtechnologyworldsfromaroundthecountryandgiveemployeestheresourcestosolveoldproblemsinnewwa

ys.Themoreuniquebackgroundswecanbringtoaproject,thebetterequippedwe’llbetohandlechallengeswithnewandcrea

tivesolutions,”Walaliyaddesays.EvenasAKASAstrengthensitsplaceinthehealthcaretechnologyfield,Walaliyaddeknowstherearemanymoreinnovatio

nstocome.“Wehavemadealargeamountofprogressalready,”hesays,“butthereissomuchmoretodo.”9.WhatdoweknowaboutAKASA?A.Itsrevenuereache

s$3billion.B.ItsaimistoupgradeAmericanhealthcare.C.ItsheadquarterisbasedinFrance.D.Itsemployeesareofsimilarbackgrounds.10.WhatcanweinferfromJeff

Francis’swords?A.HeisimpressedbyAKASA’sservice.B.Hiscompanyhasincreaseditsrevenue.C.Hiscurrentsystemisfacingchallenge

s.D.Value-addedaspectsaretobetransformed.11.WhatledtoAKASA’ssuccessaccordingtoWalaliyadde?A.Advanceddigitaltechnolo

gy.B.Itssimplecorporatestructure.C.Jointeffortsmadebyitsskilledstaff.D.Diverseproductsofferedbythecompany.12.Whatcanbeasuitabletitlefort

hetext?A.AKASAPioneersA.I.IndustryB.AKASAWelcomesMoreInnovationC.AmericanHealthCareNeedsTalentsD.AutomationImprov

esAmericanHealthCare答案：Passage1[语篇解读]本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了一个有趣的现象,阐述了人们在面对免费产品时心理的变化,往往会高估免费产品的价值并被其诱导而做出不经济的决策,同时本文也

提醒读者,在面临购买决策时,要全面考虑产品的成本和收益,并留意背后的意图,避免受到免费赠品的影响而做出错误的决定。1.D细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Hedidn’thaveaparticularbrandormodelinmindexcepttwo

standards.Abigengine—sincetoomuchhorsepowerisneverenough—andsincehe’stall,arelativelyrelaxedridingposition.”可知,作者朋友想买一辆动力强且舒适的摩托车。2.

C细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“Sincemyfriendalsowantedanewhelmet,gettingoneforfreewasextremelyattractive.”及“However,myfrien

d’sfinaldecisionwasZX-6RKRTwithafreehelmet.”可知,ZX-6RKRT最吸引作者朋友的是免费的头盔。3.D推理判断题。根据文章第五段中“Whenfacedwithachoic

eofselectingoneofseveralavailableproducts...considerthebenefitsassociatedwithfreeproductstobehigher.”可知,作

者引用该研究是为了解释人们在面对免费产品时会怎样做出决策,以及为什么会产生对免费产品价值的高估,进而揭示出作者的朋友做出不明智的决定背后的心理因素。4.B主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了一个有趣的现象,阐述了人们

在面对免费产品时心理的变化,往往会高估免费产品的价值并被其诱导而做出不经济的决策,同时本文也提醒读者,在面临购买决策时,要全面考虑产品的成本和收益,并留意背后的意图,避免受到免费赠品的影响而做出错误的决定。故选B项。Passage2[语篇解读]本文是一篇

影评。文章主要介绍作者对改编自弗雷德里克·巴克曼(FredrikBackman)令人难以置信的搞笑、令人心碎的小说《一个叫欧维的男人决定去死》的瑞典电影的评价。5.D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Towardtheendofthat

film,whichwasbeautifullywrittenanddirectedbyHannesHolm”可知,这部电影是汉内斯·霍姆(HannesHolm)写的。6.C细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Inthatmoment,Ovehasstartedtof

indhisnewpurposejustbyallowingothersbackintohislifeandcaringforthem.”可知,欧维已经让他自己融入社会中。7.C主旨大意题。根据第四段可知,这一段主要讲述欧维的许多奇怪行为的原因。

8.B推理判断题。根据第一段和第二段可知,这篇文章是电影评论。Passage3[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了AKASA公司利用自动化改善美国医疗保健。9.B推理判断题。根据第二段中“‘Americanmedicinemaybethebestintheworld

...makeitabetterexperienceforhealthcareproviders.’”可知,AKASA的目标是为医疗保健提供者提供更好的体验,换句话说,提升美国的医疗保健水平。10.A推

理判断题。根据第三段中“‘Now,processesthatusedtotakemorethansevenminutestodeterminearedowntojustoneminute,’saysJeffFrancis,MethodistHealthSystem’schieffinanci

alofficerandvicepresidentoffinance.”可知,JeffFrancis认为服务效率大大提升,说明他对服务印象深刻。11.C细节理解题。根据第四段中“WalaliyaddecreditsAKASA’simpressiveproductoff

eringanditsamazingresultstothedevotionandunmatchedexpertiseofitsworkforce.”可知,Walaliyadde认为导致成功的因素是其熟练的工作人员的共同努力。12.D主旨大意题。根据第二段可知,AKASA公司为了给医疗保健提供

者提供更好的体验,AKASA利用自动化改善了美国医疗保健。词汇积累:1.(Passage1)relativelyadv.相对地2.(Passage1)budgetn.预算3.(Passage1)disco

untn.折扣4.(Passage1)afterall毕竟,终究5.(Passage1)negotiatev.商定6.(Passage1)(be)associatedwith与……有关7.(Passage1)thinkbadlyof对……评价低

8.(Passage2)heartbreakingadj.令人心碎的9.(Passage2)attimes有时10.(Passage2)stubbornadj.固执的11.(Passage2)gothrough经历12.(Pass

age2)carefor照顾13.(Passage3)sharpadj.急剧的14.(Passage3)alargeamountof大量的熟词生义:(Passage1)blindvt.蒙蔽长难句分析:(Passage2)Isawalongwitheveryoneelsehowq

uicklylonelinessandisolationcaninfluenceharmony,drivingpeopleapartatatimewhenweneedtoconnecttoothersthem

ost.分析:本句为复合句。howquicklylonelinessandisolationcaninfluenceharmony为宾语从句;whenweneedtoconnecttoothersthemost为定语从句,修饰先行词time。句意:我和其他人一起看到了孤独和孤立是

如何迅速地影响和谐,在我们最需要与他人联系的时候把人们分开。