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考点分类练(十一)主旨大意题(2)(限时:25分钟)Passage1(2023辽宁鞍山二模)Afewyearsago,Iwentshoppingwithafriendforanewmotorcycle.H

edidn’thaveaparticularbrandormodelinmindexcepttwostandards.Abigengine—sincetoomuchhorsepowerisneverenough—andsincehe’stall,arelativelyrelaxedridi

ngposition.IsuggestedaHayabusa,whichmethisstandardsoranXS-14R.Bothwerewithinhisbudget,especiallytheHayabusasincethedealerwasofferinga$2,500d

iscountonapreviousyear’smodel.Herodethembothandlovedthemboth.ButthenhebecameveryinterestedinaZX-6RKRT—agre

atmotorcycle,sure,butwithamuchsmallermotorandaridingpositionthatmadehimlooklikeacontortedmantis(变形的螳螂).Itseem

edlikeastrangechoice.Ifeltpuzzleduntilithitme.Thepurchaseofanymotorcycle750ccandundercamewithafreehelmet(头盔).Sincemyfriendalsowanteda

newhelmet,gettingoneforfreewasextremelyattractive.Afterall,themathdidn’twork.Weeventuallynegotiated$3,200offthepriceoftheHayabusa.Thefreehel

metwasonlyworth$250.However,myfriend’sfinaldecisionwasZX-6RKRTwithafreehelmet.A2017studypublishedinMarketingSciencefoundthatpeople

tendtosignificantlyovervalue“free”.Whenfacedwithachoiceofselectingoneofseveralavailableproducts,peoplewillchoosetheoptionwiththehighestcos

t-benefitdifference;however,decisionsaboutfree(zero-price)productsdiffer,becausepeopledonotsimplytakeawaycostsfrombenef

itsbutinstead,considerthebenefitsassociatedwithfreeproductstobehigher.Twomonthslater,myfriendtradedinhis6Rfora14R.ButIdon’tthinkbadlyofhim

.We’veallbeenblindedbythepowerof“free”.Sowheneversomethingisfree,stopandconsidertheintention,andsee“free”asareasontodoe

venmoremath.1.Whatkindofmotorcycledidtheauthor’sfriendintendtobuy?A.Agoodsecond-handone.B.Apreviousyear

’sHayabusa.C.AhighlyfashionableXS-14R.D.Apowerfulandcomfortableone.2.WhataspectoftheZX-6RKRTattractedt

heauthor’sfriendmost?A.Itsprice.B.Themotorcycle’s750ccengine.C.Itsfreegift.D.Themotorcycle’sclassical

design.3.Whydoestheauthormentionthe2017study?A.Toofferhisfriendabetterpurchaseplan.B.Tostresstheimportance

ofnegotiatingskills.C.Totellreadershowtogetmorezero-priceproducts.D.Toexplainwhyhisfriendmadesuchanunwisechoice.4.What

doesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.It’stimetostopdoingthemath.B.“Free”issometimestheworstdeal.C.Gettingsomethingforfreeissofun

.D.Wealllovetobuysomethingonsale.Passage2(2023江西赣州一模)IsawtheSwedishfilmadaptation(starredbyTobiasAlmborgeandAnna-LenaBrudin)ofFredrikBackm

an’sincrediblyfunny,heartbreakingnovel“AManCalledOve”.Towardtheendofthatfilm,whichwasbeautifullywrittena

nddirectedbyHannesHolm,thereisasceneinwhichOve,awidower(鳏夫)inhis60s,takeshisneighboursoutforadrive.Astheyridetogether,thenormallyun

friendlyandsevereOvesighs,allowshimselfararesmileandsays:“Thisisliving.”Mostviewersprobablydidn’tgivethi

slittlecommentofOve’sasecondthought.Forme,though,itmarkedtheturningpointofOve’ssearchforrenewedpurposeinhislife.InOve,Backma

nhascreatedacharacterwhoattimescanbeunreasonable,stubbornandevendownrightrude—thesortofmanwhoseshockingandmorallyunacceptablereaction

stoeverydaysituationsbecomethesubjectofcomicanecdotesthatareretoldcountlesstimesbyenemiesandfriendsalike.Manyofthepeopletellingt

hosestoriesdon’trealize,though,thatmuchofOve’sstrangebehaviourisactuallyasymptomofhisprivateheartache.Widowed,livingaloneandrecentlypushedinto

retirement,OveisstrugglingattheoutsetofBackman’sstorytofindsomethingworthlivingfor,andhisunwillingnesstosharewithotherswhatheisgoingthroughse

rvesonlytofurtherseparatehimfromtheworld.Ove’ssituationremindsmeoftheisolationweallfeltduringthepandemic.Isawalongwitheveryonee

lsehowquicklylonelinessandisolationcaninfluenceharmony,drivingpeopleapartatatimewhenweneedtoconnecttoothersthemost.Oveisjustgoingonadriv

ewithneighbourswhenhesays,“Thisisliving,”butIthinkheisfeelingthewaymanyofusdidwhenthepandemicbecamelessser

iousandwebegantoreconnectwiththeworld.Inthatmoment,Ovehasstartedtofindhisnewpurposejustbyallowingothersbackintohislifeandcaringforthem.5

.Whoisthescreenwriterof“AManCalledOve”?A.TobiasAlmborge.B.Anna-LenaBrudin.C.FredrikBackman.D.HannesHolm.6.Whatcanweknowab

outOve?A.Hewasbornwithabadtemper.B.Heispopularwithpeoplearound.C.Hehasintegratedhimselfintosociety.D.Hesuffersfr

omsocialanxietydisorder.7.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Ove’spresentlivingsituation.B.Theinfluenceofthepandemic.C.ThereasonsbehindOve’

sstrangebehaviour.D.Theimportanceofrelationshipwithothers.8.Whatisthistext?A.Adiaryentry.B.Amoviereview

.C.Abookintroduction.D.Ashortstory.Passage3(2023江西南昌二模)Justasdigitaltransformationimprovedmanybusinessesandemergingte

chnology,artificialintelligence(A.I.),andmachinelearningalsohavethepotentialtogreatlyimproveoperationsi

nhealthcaresettings.Bringinginthesechangesisbecomingincreasinglypopularforhealthcareproviders.Onecompan

yleadingtheautomationrevolutioninhealthcareisAKASA,aSanFrancisco-baseddeveloperofA.I.forhealthcareoperati

ons.“Americanmedicinemaybethebestintheworld,butthehealthcaresystemisstillfarbehindbecauseithasacomplicatedback-endsystem,”saysAKASA’schiefexecutiveo

fficerandco-founderMalinkaWalaliyadde.“Wearesimplifyingandautomatingthatsystemtomakeitabetterexperienceforhealthcareproviders.”ForAKASA,there

sulthasbeenanimmediateimprovementinbothpatientsatisfactionandtheirorganization’srevenues(收入).MethodistHealthSysteminOmaha,forexample,beganworkingw

ithAKASAtoautomatethenon-value-addedaspectswithinitsrevenuecycle.“Now,processesthatusedtotakemorethansevenminutestodetermi

nearedowntojustoneminute,”saysJeffFrancis,MethodistHealthSystem’schieffinancialofficerandvicepresidentoffinance.“Therehasbeenasharpincreaseinre

venue,whichisupbyatleast1%to$3billion.”WalaliyaddecreditsAKASA’simpressiveproductofferinganditsamazingr

esultstothedevotionandunmatchedexpertiseofitsworkforce.“Wehirethebestandthebrightestinboththehealthcareandtechnologyworldsfromaroundthecountryand

giveemployeestheresourcestosolveoldproblemsinnewways.Themoreuniquebackgroundswecanbringtoaproject,thebetterequippe

dwe’llbetohandlechallengeswithnewandcreativesolutions,”Walaliyaddesays.EvenasAKASAstrengthensitsplaceinthehealthcaretechnologyfield,Walaliyaddek

nowstherearemanymoreinnovationstocome.“Wehavemadealargeamountofprogressalready,”hesays,“butthereissomuchmoretodo.”9.WhatdoweknowaboutAKASA?A

.Itsrevenuereaches$3billion.B.ItsaimistoupgradeAmericanhealthcare.C.ItsheadquarterisbasedinFrance.D.Itsemployeesareofsimilarbackgrounds.10.Wh

atcanweinferfromJeffFrancis’swords?A.HeisimpressedbyAKASA’sservice.B.Hiscompanyhasincreaseditsrevenue.C.Hiscurrentsys

temisfacingchallenges.D.Value-addedaspectsaretobetransformed.11.WhatledtoAKASA’ssuccessaccordingtoWalaliyadde?A.Advanceddigitaltechnology.B.Its

simplecorporatestructure.C.Jointeffortsmadebyitsskilledstaff.D.Diverseproductsofferedbythecompany.12.Whatc

anbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AKASAPioneersA.I.IndustryB.AKASAWelcomesMoreInnovationC.AmericanHealthCa

reNeedsTalentsD.AutomationImprovesAmericanHealthCare答案：Passage1[语篇解读]本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了一个有趣的现象,阐述了人们在面对免费产品时心理的变化,往

往会高估免费产品的价值并被其诱导而做出不经济的决策,同时本文也提醒读者,在面临购买决策时,要全面考虑产品的成本和收益,并留意背后的意图,避免受到免费赠品的影响而做出错误的决定。1.D细节理解题。根据文章第一

段中“Hedidn’thaveaparticularbrandormodelinmindexcepttwostandards.Abigengine—sincetoomuchhorsepowerisneverenough—andsincehe’stall,arelativelyre

laxedridingposition.”可知,作者朋友想买一辆动力强且舒适的摩托车。2.C细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“Sincemyfriendalsowantedanewhelmet,gettingoneforfreewasextr

emelyattractive.”及“However,myfriend’sfinaldecisionwasZX-6RKRTwithafreehelmet.”可知,ZX-6RKRT最吸引作者朋友的是免费的头盔。3.D推理判断题。根据文章

第五段中“Whenfacedwithachoiceofselectingoneofseveralavailableproducts...considerthebenefitsassociatedwithfreeproductstobehigher.”可知,作者引用该研

究是为了解释人们在面对免费产品时会怎样做出决策,以及为什么会产生对免费产品价值的高估,进而揭示出作者的朋友做出不明智的决定背后的心理因素。4.B主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了一个有趣的现象,阐述了人们在面对免

费产品时心理的变化,往往会高估免费产品的价值并被其诱导而做出不经济的决策,同时本文也提醒读者,在面临购买决策时,要全面考虑产品的成本和收益,并留意背后的意图,避免受到免费赠品的影响而做出错误的决定。故选B项。P

assage2[语篇解读]本文是一篇影评。文章主要介绍作者对改编自弗雷德里克·巴克曼(FredrikBackman)令人难以置信的搞笑、令人心碎的小说《一个叫欧维的男人决定去死》的瑞典电影的评价。5.D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Towardtheendofthatfil

m,whichwasbeautifullywrittenanddirectedbyHannesHolm”可知,这部电影是汉内斯·霍姆(HannesHolm)写的。6.C细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Inthatmoment,Ovehasstartedtofindhisnewpurpo

sejustbyallowingothersbackintohislifeandcaringforthem.”可知,欧维已经让他自己融入社会中。7.C主旨大意题。根据第四段可知,这一段主要讲述欧维的许多奇怪行为的原因。8.B推理判断题。根据第一段

和第二段可知,这篇文章是电影评论。Passage3[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了AKASA公司利用自动化改善美国医疗保健。9.B推理判断题。根据第二段中“‘Americanmedicinemaybetheb

estintheworld...makeitabetterexperienceforhealthcareproviders.’”可知,AKASA的目标是为医疗保健提供者提供更好的体验,换句话说,提升美国的医疗保健水平。10.A推理判断题

。根据第三段中“‘Now,processesthatusedtotakemorethansevenminutestodeterminearedowntojustoneminute,’saysJeffFrancis,Methodis

tHealthSystem’schieffinancialofficerandvicepresidentoffinance.”可知,JeffFrancis认为服务效率大大提升,说明他对服务印象深刻。11.C细节理解题。根据第四段中“WalaliyaddecreditsAKAS

A’simpressiveproductofferinganditsamazingresultstothedevotionandunmatchedexpertiseofitsworkforce.”可知,Walaliyadde认为导致成功的因素是其熟练的工作人员的共同努力

。12.D主旨大意题。根据第二段可知,AKASA公司为了给医疗保健提供者提供更好的体验,AKASA利用自动化改善了美国医疗保健。词汇积累:1.(Passage1)relativelyadv.相对地2.(Passage1)budgetn.预算

3.(Passage1)discountn.折扣4.(Passage1)afterall毕竟,终究5.(Passage1)negotiatev.商定6.(Passage1)(be)associatedwith与…

…有关7.(Passage1)thinkbadlyof对……评价低8.(Passage2)heartbreakingadj.令人心碎的9.(Passage2)attimes有时10.(Passage2)stubbornadj.

固执的11.(Passage2)gothrough经历12.(Passage2)carefor照顾13.(Passage3)sharpadj.急剧的14.(Passage3)alargeamountof大量的熟词生义

:(Passage1)blindvt.蒙蔽长难句分析:(Passage2)Isawalongwitheveryoneelsehowquicklylonelinessandisolationcaninfluenceha

rmony,drivingpeopleapartatatimewhenweneedtoconnecttoothersthemost.分析:本句为复合句。howquicklylonelinessandisolationcaninfluenceharmony为宾语从句;whenwen

eedtoconnecttoothersthemost为定语从句,修饰先行词time。句意:我和其他人一起看到了孤独和孤立是如何迅速地影响和谐,在我们最需要与他人联系的时候把人们分开。