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考点分类练(五)推理判断题(3)(限时:25分钟)Passage1(2023安徽马鞍山二模)Ihavealwayshadpets.Myfirstanimalfriendswereguineapigs.AndthenItriedmyb

esttopersuademyparentstogetadog.ForsomereasontheydidnotseemtobelieveIwouldwalkthedogthreetimesaday,nomatterhowhar

dItried.Thenmymothersaidafriend’scathadhadkittensandwecouldgoandgetone.AtfirstIwasdisappointed,butwithtimegoingby,IlearnedtoloveourcatsomuchthatIhave

hadcatseversince.Ijusthavetoremembertobolteverythingintoplace.IfIdon’t,thingsfly(theyseemtogetairbor

newhencatsarearound—themoreexpensiveanobjectis,themoreitseemstoenjoyflying).Also,wateringplantsisnoproblem.Duringthey

earsalltheplantshavedisappearedexceptthecactuses(仙人掌).Theydon’tseemtointerestcatsmuch.Nordotheyneedmuchwater.Itwouldbenicetoge

tflowers,butIdoadviseagainstanyonebringingthemtome.Nomatterwhatflower—itisconsideredakittysnack.Changingfurnitureisnicetoo.Ca

tshelpinlettingusknowwhenitistimetochangethesofa.EitherwhenthefabricstartstolooklikeEinstein’shairthathasbeencombedwithcats’paws

(爪子),orwhennoamountofvacuuming(用吸尘器打扫)helpsinrevealingtheoriginalcolorofthecouch,thankstothegenerousdonationofcathair.

Asoftsofaisnice,sure,butitsortofgetsabitembarrassingwhen,allourguestsleavethehousewithfur-trousers.Icouldgoonandontotellyoumore

interestingstoriesbetweenusnexttime!1.Whydidtheauthor’sparentsturnhimdownwhenhewantedtohaveadog?A.Theydidn’tfavourdogs.B.Theydidn’tthinkhecouldat

tenddogswell.C.Theyhadalreadyhadapet.D.Theythoughtdogsmightmessthehouseup.2.Whichofthefollowingcanexplain“bolteverythingintoplace”underl

inedinparagraph3?A.Keepeverythingfastened.B.Keepeverythingorganized.C.Haveeverythingprepared.D.Haveeverythingrepaired.3.Whatcanweinferabou

ttheplantsfromparagraph4?A.Theyarereplacedbynewones.B.Theyaresenttotheguests.C.Theyaremostlyeatenbythecats.D.Theyarefrequentlywater

ed.4.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tocomplainabouthiscats.B.Tosharefunexperiencesofpettingcats.C.Tocomparehisdifferentpets.

D.Tointroducehisskillsforkeepingpets.Passage2(2023海南海口一模)NooneintheUShas3D-printedatwo-storyhousebefore.Butnowthreecompaniesa

reworkingtogethertoprintthefirstlarge,two-storyhouseintheUS.Thehouse,whichisinHouston,Texas,wasdesignedbyacompany.Anothercompany

providedthe3Dprinter.Andaconstructioncompanyisdoingtheactualbuilding.LeslieLok,whodesignedthehouse,saystherearespecialchallengesinvolvedinpri

ntingthetwo-storyhouse.Oneofthebiggestisthesizeofthemachineneededforthebuilding.The3DprinterinHoustonismassive.Itweighsover12tons.Ms.Loksaysprintin

gthehousewilltakethemassivemachineabout330hours.That’sabouteightnormalworkweeks.Buttheteamisn’tinaru

sh.Thoughit’satwo-yearproject,theactualprintingdidn’tstartuntillastJuly.Thehouseisnowabouthalfwayfinished.“Wea

renottryingtobeattheclock,”saysHikmatZerbe,whoworksfortheconstructioncompany.Instead,they’reusingthehouseasa“biglaboratory”tolearnmoreabout3

D-printinghouses.Theywanttoseehowtheconcretereacts“underdifferentweatherconditions”.Theyalsowanttofigureouthowtomake3D-printingfasterand

cheaper.Mr.Zerbesaysthatcurrently,3D-printingahousewithconcretecostsmorethanbuildingahousewithwood.That’spartlybecausethetechnologyisnew.

Withtimegoingby,Mr.Zerbeexpectsthecostsof3D-printedhousestogodown.Hethinksprinterswillimproveandmakeiteasiertocreatemo

rehousesquickly.3D-printedconcretehousesarestrongerandholdupbetterinseriousstormsthanhousebuiltwithwood.Thiscansavemoneyinthelon

grun.Sincethemachineisdoingthebuilding,fewerworkersareneeded,whichalsosavesmoney.Besides,with3D-printing,i

t’seasytomakeeachhousedifferentfromotherhouses.Thesekindsofchangescanapplytoalmostanytiling.HikmatZerbesaysthatmeansin

thefuture,eachhousecouldbecreatedspeciallyforitsowner.5.Whatisabigprobleminprintingthetwo-storyhouse?A.Thelimitedtime.B.Thelackofski

lledworkers.C.Theneedforhuge3Dprinters.D.Theshortageofbuildingmaterials.6.Whatistobestudiedinthebuildingprocess?A.Howtheprintedhousesstandwearandtea

r.B.How3D-printedhousesaremadestronger.C.Howworkerscanprintlargehousesquicker.D.Howconcretechangeswiththeshiftofweather.7.Whatisadisa

dvantageofthe3D-printedhouseatpresent?A.Itscostishigher.B.Itcan’tsurvivethestorm.C.Itusesspecialconcrete.D.I

tneedsexperiencedworkers.8.HowdoesMr.Zerbefeelaboutthefutureof3D-printing?A.Negative.B.Unclear.C.Worried.D.Hopeful.Passage3(2023河北沧州二模)

ScientistshavelearnedmoreabouttheinnerworkingsoftheEarthbystudyingthewaywavesfromearthquakestravelthroughtheplanet’scenter.Theresultssugges

tthattheEarth’sinnercoremaybestartingtospinmoreslowlythantheEarth.TheEarth’scorehastwoparts:theoutercoreandtheinnercore.Bothofthesea

remademainlyofthemetals—ironandnickel.Theoutercoreisliquid.Buttheinnercoreisasolidballheldinthisliquidalmostliketheyolk(蛋黄)inanegg.Scie

ntistssuspectedforalongtimethattheinnercoremightbespinningslightlydifferentlyfromthewaytheEarthspins.Inthe1990s,two

scientists,PaulRichardsandXiaodongSong,studiedtheinnercorebylookingatthewavesfromearthquakesthattravelthroughthecenteroftheEarth.Theyfo

cusedongroupsandpairsofwavesfromearthquakesthatnaturallyrepeat.IftheinnercorewasspinningexactlywiththeEarth,each

waveofthepairshouldhavetakenthesametimetopassthroughtheEarth.Instead,somemovedfasterthanothers.Thiswasbecausetheywerehittingdifferentpartsofthein

nercoreasitspun.TheirstudiesrevealedthattheinnercorewasspinninginthesamedirectionastheEarth,butslightlyfaster.NowDr.Songand

YiYang—anotherscientistwhostudiestheEarth—saythey’veusedthesamemethodtolearnthattheEarth’sinnercoremaybestartingtospinslowert

hantheEarth.TheresearchersstudiedearthquakewavepairsfromAlaska,goingallthewaybackto1964.Theynoticedthattheinnercore’ssp

inalsoseemedtochangespeedintheearly1970s.Thescientistssaythattheinnercoremayhaveapatternofspeedingupandslowingdo

wnevery70yearsorso.Noteveryoneagrees.ManyscientistswhostudytheEarthsaymoreinformationneededtofigureoutwhatisreallygoingon.9.Whyisaneggmen

tionedinthesecondparagraph?A.ToexplainhowtheEarth’scoremoves.B.Toshowtheimportanceoftheinnercore.C.Toillustratethecompositionoftheoutercore.D.Toh

elppicturethestructureoftheEarth’score.10.Whatdidthescientistsdiscoverabouttheinnercoreinthe1990s?A.Itsentou

tearthquakewaves.B.Itchangedspeedrepeatedly.C.ItmovedexactlywiththeEarth.D.Itmovedalittlefasterthanth

eEarth.11.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthestudyresult?A.Itisaccurateandreliable.B.Itexcitesthescientists.C.It

needsfurtherconfirmation.D.Ithascausedaheateddiscussion.12.Whatisthetext?A.Asciencereport.B.Asci-fistory.C.Adiaryentry.D.Abrochure.答案：Passage1[语篇解读

]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要分享了作者养小猫的一些趣事。1.B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“ForsomereasontheydidnotseemtobelieveIwouldwalkthedogthreetimesaday,nomatterhowhardItried.”

可知,作者的父母担心作者不会每天遛狗三次,也就是说,父母担心他不会好好照顾宠物狗。2.A词义猜测题。根据画线短语后的“IfIdon’t,thingsfly(theyseemtogetairbornewhencatsarearound—th

emoreexpensiveanobjectis,themoreitseemstoenjoyflying).”可知,画线句子前面的内容是说“我必须要记得……”,如果没记住做这件事,家里的一切就会“飞”起来,结合选

项可知,为了防止一切不会“飞”起来,只能“把一切都固定好”符合逻辑。3.C推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Nomatterwhatflower—itisconsideredakittysnack.”可知,小猫会把

所有的花都当成零食,由此可推断,小猫会把这些花当零食吃掉。4.B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Icouldgoonandontotellyoumoreinterestingstoriesbetweenusnextti

me!”可知,作者说下次继续讲述与小猫在一起的趣事,由此推断,本文写作的目的是分享与小猫在一起的趣事。Passage2[语篇解读]本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了目前有三家公司正在合作打印美国第一个两层的大房子,而这有望成为一

种趋势。5.C细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“LeslieLok,whodesignedthehouse,saystherearespecialchallengesinvolvedinprintingthetwo-storyhouse.

Oneofthebiggestisthesizeofthemachineneededforthebuilding.The3DprinterinHoustonismassive.Itweighsover12tons.”可知,最大的问题之一就是需要

巨大的打印机。6.D推理判断题。根据文章第四段可知,在建房的过程中,他们想研究混凝土“不同天气条件下”的反应。7.A细节理解题。根据文章第五段的“Theyalsowanttofigureouthowt

omake3D-printingfasterandcheaper.Mr.Zerbesaysthatcurrently,3D-printingahousewithconcretecostsmorethanbuildin

gahousewithwood.”可知,3D房屋的造价成本较高。8.D推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知,HikmatZerbe对3D打印的未来抱有希望。Passage3[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。一项研究

发现,地球内核的自转速度可能比地球慢,但这一发现并非所有人都认可,仍需要进一步弄清到底发生了什么。9.D推理判断题。根据第二段可知,本段主要介绍的是地球内核的构造,与鸡蛋的构造有相似之处,所以,此处提到鸡蛋是以此来说明地球内核构造。10.D细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“Inthe1990s,tw

oscientists,PaulRichardsandXiaodongSong,studiedtheinnercorebylookingatthewavesfromearthquakesthattrav

elthroughthecenteroftheEarth.”和“TheirstudiesrevealedthattheinnercorewasspinninginthesamedirectionastheEarth,butslightlyfaster.”可知,20世纪90年代对地球内核的研究发现,

地球内核的旋转方向与地球相同,但速度略快。11.C推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,研究结果并非所有人都认可,仍需要进一步弄清到底发生了什么,由此可知,这项研究需要进一步证实。12.A推理判断题。根据首段

可知,本文讲述的是科学研究发现,地球内核可能比地球旋转得更慢,下文对此研究进行分析,由此可知,本文是一篇科学研究报告。词汇积累:1.(Passage1)walkthedog遛狗2.(Passage1)generousadj.慷慨的,大方的3.(Passage1)donatio

nn.捐赠4.(Passage2)inarush急急忙忙;慌慌张张5.(Passage2)withtimegoingby随着时间的推移6.(Passage2)inthelongrun从长远来看7.(Passage3)fo

cuson集中于8.(Passage3)slightlyadv.稍微9.(Passage3)speedup加速10.(Passage3)slowdown减速熟词生义:(Passage1)combvt.梳理长难句分析:(Passage3)ManyscientistswhostudytheEart

hsaymoreinformationneededtofigureoutwhatisreallygoingon.分析:本句为复合句。whostudytheEarth为who引导的定语从句;whatis

reallygoingon为what引导的宾语从句。句意:许多研究地球的科学家表示,需要更多的信息来弄清楚到底发生了什么。