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SectionⅢLearningaboutLanguage&UsingLanguage1．sacredadj.宗教的；庄严的；神圣的2．conceptionn.主意；计划3．championn.冠军；优胜者4．politiciann.政客；政治家5．courageousadj.勇敢的；有胆量
的6．attainvt.达到；获得7．economicsn.经济学8．thereforeadv.因此；所以9．wisdomn.智慧10．receptionistn.接待员；招待员11．appreciatevt.感激；欣赏；理解；鉴赏12．amateurn.业余爱好者13．en
tireadj.全部的；完整的14．accountantn.会计15．salaryn.薪水1．focuson集中精力于……2．competein参加……比赛3．concentrateon专心于……4．retirefrom从……退休5．makealiving谋生6
．bidfor投标；竞价7．initself就其本质而言；本身8．winthegoldmedal赢得金牌ⅠReadthetextquicklyandthenchoosethebestansweraccordingtothetext.1．Wh
ichofthefollowingordersistrueaboutwhatMichellieJonesdidaccordingtothepassage?A．establishmentofthetriathlon→completingteachingqualification
→beginningtoconcentrateontriathlon→winningthesilvermedalB．establishmentofthetriathlon→beginningtoconcentrateontriathlon→completin
gteachingqualification→winningthesilvermedalC．establishmentofthetriathlon→completingteachingqualification→winningth
esilvermedal→beginningtoconcentrateontriathlonD．completingteachingqualification→establishmentofthetriathlon→begi
nningtoconcentrateontriathlon→winningthesilvermedal2．WhatdidFuMingxialearnafterherretirementfromdivingafterAtlanta?A．Swimming.B．Polit
ics.C．Economics.D．Triathlon.3．Whopracticedplayingtheguitarbeforebecomingaprofessionalmarathonswimmer?A．FuMingxia.B
．MartinStrel.C．MichellieJones.D．LanceArmstrong.答案：1－3.ACBⅡReadthepassagecarefullyandtellthefollowingstatementsTrue(T)orFalse(F)．1．Itwa
sin1988andinAmericathatMichellieJoneshelpedestablishthetriathlon.()2．FuMingxiawasthefirstwomaninOlympicdivinghistorytowi
nthreegoldmedals.()3．In2001，MartinStrelbecamethefirstpersonevertoswimtheentirelengthoftheDanubeRiverinEurope.()答案：1－3.FTF...about
theirschool’sbidtobreakaGuinnessrecord.……关于他们学校打破吉尼斯纪录的尝试。①Severalfirmshavebidforthecontracttobuildthenewconcerthall.有几家公司投标争取建造新音乐厅的合同。②Shebid$
500forthepainting.她出价500美元买这幅画。③Hefailedinhisbidtoreachthesummit.他攀登顶峰但没有成功。[自我探究]bid是动词，意为出价，投标；吩咐；命令；
bidsb.(to)dosth.意为命令某人做某事；bidsomemoneyforsth.出价买某物；bid也可以是名词，意为出价，投标；努力，争取。makeabidof出价……makeabidfor出价买；争取makeabi
dforpower/popularsupport争取权利/大众的支持Hewasanamateurcyclistbeforethe1992OlympicGamesbutturnedprofessionalafte
rhehadcompetedintheGames.在1992年奥运会之前他是个业余自行车运动员，但在参加完奥运会之后就成为专业的了。①Sheturnedpale.她的脸变白了。②Theweathersuddenlyturnedcoldandwindy.天气突然变得寒冷而多风。③H
eturnedcommunist.他成了一名共产主义者。④Shehasturnedteacher.她成了一名老师。[自我探究]turn意为变得，变成，后面可以跟形容词组成系表结构，也可以跟名词作表语，但是，如果是单数名词作表语，名词前不加冠词。turnover翻身；移
交turnon打开(水、电、煤气、电器)turnoff关上(水、电、煤气、电器)turnup调大/高(水、电器)；前来，露面turndown调小(水、电器)；拒绝(提议)turnaway拒绝(某人)；打发走turn
out(tobe)最后结果是，最终turnin＝handin上交turntosb.转向；向……求助turnagainst反对turninto转变成，把……变成[巧学活用]——用turn的相关词语完成下面小片段Thepartywasalmostover，bu
tJanestilldidn’t(1)________________．Tomwasverydisappointed.Hedidn’tknowwhyJanedidn’t(2)________________hisinvitationifs
hedidn’twanttocome.He(3)________________thebottlesonthetables，andtherestguestsleftthehallinshock.Tom(4)________________allthelights
inthehall，(5)________________thehall________________aworldofdarkness.Noonecouldimaginehowupsethewas!答案：(1)turnup(2)turndown(3)turnedover(4)turn
edoff(5)turning；intoIn2000，hewasthefirstpersonevertoswimtheentirelengthoftheDanubeRiverinEurope—adistanceof3，004kilometresin58da
ys.在2000年，他是第一位游过欧洲多瑙河全程的人——58天游过了3004千米。①Shespenttheentiredayinbed.她一整天都躺在床上。②Iaminentireagreementwithyou.我完
全同意你的看法。[自我探究]entire是形容词，意为完整的，全部的，完全的，其副词形式是entirely。单词意义区别entire指事物没有被分割或破坏等；强调事物的完整性和保持原样whole作形容词时，可以与entire互换total主要指数量或程度上是“完整的，全部的”③Iwa
ntanentireapple.我想要一个完整的苹果。④Pleasetellmethewholething.请告诉我整件事情。⑤Hehaspaidoffhistotaldebts.他还清了全部的债务。Groupwordsthatcomefromthesamer
oot，egappreciate，appreciation，appreciative.来自同一词根的一组词，例如：appreciate，appreciation和appreciative。①Thepassengersappreciatedmywarmheartedservice
，whichgreatlyinspiredme.乘客感激我热情的服务，这极大地鼓励了我。②Successfully，IhavelentahelpinghandtoherinseveralEnglishactivitiesofmyclass，whichhasbeenappreciatedbyb
othteachersandmyclassmates.在班级的几次英语活动中我成功地帮助了她，这受到师生的赞赏。[自我探究]appreciate是及物动词，意为鉴赏；感激；欣赏，其名词是appreciation，意为感激，欣
赏；appreciate后面可以跟动名词作宾语或that从句，如：appreciatedoingsth./that从句(但是不能跟不定式作宾语)。③I’dappreciateyourwritingmebackassoon
aspossible.你尽早回信我将感激不尽。当appreciate,hate,dislike,love,like,depend/relyon等词后接宾语从句时，一般先加it,再接宾语从句。[巧学活用]——一句多译如果你能不辞辛苦地为我做那么多事情我
将感激不尽。(1)____________________youcouldtakethetroubletodosomuchforme.(2)____________________youcouldtakethetroubletodosomuchforme.答案：(1)I
wouldappreciateitif(2)IwouldbegratefulifSincethen，shehasneverfinishedlowerthanfourthinanyoftheworldcha
mpionshipsshehascompetedin.从那以后，在她所参赛的任何一次世界锦标赛中，她从来没有得过低于第四名的成绩。①Sincewehavenomoney，wecan’tbuyit.因为没有钱，我们不能买它。②Sinceeverybodyishere
，let’sbeginourmeeting.既然大家都在这里，我们开会吧。③Myuncleleftthetownin1980andIhaven’tseenhimsince.我叔叔在1980年离开了这个城镇，
我从此以后就没有见过他。④WherehaveyoubeensinceIlastsawyou?自从我上次见到你之后，你去哪了？[自我探究]since是连词，当引导原因状语从句时，意为既然；当引导时间状语从句时，意为自从，主句用现
在完成时时态。sinceconj.&adv.(1)表示“由于，因为，既然”，引导原因状语从句，一般置于句首相当于nowthat。(2)表示“自从……以后，自……以来”，可用作连词、介词，副词，用来表示时间，其所在的句子的中心动词用现在完成时。(3)
since引导时间状语从句时，若动词为非延续性动词，句子可译为：自……以来有多长时间了；若从句的动词为延续性动词时，句子可译为：没做某事有多长时间了。⑤It’stwoyearssinceIsmoked.我戒烟两年了。⑥It’stwoyearssinceIbegan
tosmoke.自从我开始抽烟有两年了。单词意义区别because引导的从句通常表示说话人认为听话人不知道的原因或理由，从句往往是整个主从复合句的重心。所以在所有表示原因的词中是语气最强的since，assinc
e和as表示原因时，往往表示人们显然已经知道的理由或原因。因此，侧重点是主句的内容，原因只是附带说明，在语气上because最强，since次之(在意义上相当于汉语的“既然”)，as最弱for它表示的原因只是附加说明，所以常用逗号与主句分开。另外，fo
r引导的原因状语从句不能放在句首⑦Hewasannoyedbecausehemissedthebus.他非常生气因为他错过了那班公交车。⑧Sincehismethoddoesn’twork，let’stryyours.既然他的方法不行，那就试试你的吧。⑨Asyouobject，
I’llreconsidertheplan.既然你反对，我将重新考虑这个计划。⑩Irecommendseeingthelatestfilm，foritisveryexcitingandinteresting.我建
议看最新的电影，因为它很有趣又令人兴奋。AttheSydneyOlympicsin2000shewonthesilvermedalintheWomen’sTriathlon，thefirsttimetheeve
nthadbeenincludedintheOlympicGames.在2000年悉尼奥运会上，她在女子三项全能比赛中获得银牌，那是该项比赛首次成为奥运会的比赛项目。①ItisthefirsttimethatIhaveseensuchawonderfulfi
lm.这是我第一次看这么精彩的电影。②ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadseenthesea.那是我第一次见到大海。③ThisisthefirsttimethatIhavereadanEnglishnovel.这是我第一次读英文小说。④Itisthethirdtimethatheh
aswrittensuchagoodcomposition.这是他第三次写这么好的文章。[自我探究]thefirsttimetheeventhadbeenincludedin...是省略句，全句为it_wasthefirsttimethattheeventhadbeen...。It/This
is/wasthefirst/second...timethatsb.has(have)/haddonesth.这是某人第一/二……次做某事。此处主句的谓语动词要用现在完成时或过去完成时。[巧学活用]——完成句子这是她第一次去北
京。Itisthefirsttime______________________________________________.答案：thatshehasbeentoBeijing课时作业2Ⅰ单句语法填空1．It’ssuggestedthatmedicineshouldnotbek
eptwhereitis____________(access)tochildren.答案：accessible2．Amanwithoutalongheadwouldregret____________hehasdone.答案：what3．Theplanwasdoomed___
_________failure.答案：to4．Shebadesixhundreddollars____________thetablelastweek.答案：for5．Thegoodsweredamagedduringtransportation，and____________wenee
dtomakeaclaimfromthefreightcompany.答案：therefore6．The____________(entirely)bodyofazebraismarkedwithblackandwhitestrip
es.答案：entire7．Theyareseeking____________(attain)themostadvancedtechnologicallevelsintheworld.答案：toattain8．Iwouldappreciate___
_________ifyouwouldturnthemusicdown.答案：it9．Theyare____________(courage)animals.Theydonotevenfeartoattacklions.答案：courageous10．A_______
_____(politics)mustbeabletowithstandpubliccriticism.答案：politicianⅡ阅读理解AIt’scoldanddarkoutside,andyourbedissowarmand
comfortable.Goingforarunseemslikesuchabadidea.Butbeforeyouhideyourrunningshoes,itmightbeworthgivingthatcra
zyideaago.AccordingtoTheHuffingtonPost,anoutdoorruninwinter,asopposedtooneonatreadmill(跑步机),burnsmorecaloriesbecause
thebodyisworkinghardtoregulate(调节)itscoretemperature.Furthermore,researchshowsthatracetimesarefasterincoldweatherthaninwarmertemperatures—andquick
errunsburnmorecalories.Similarly,coldweatheralsomakestheheartworkhardertodistributebloodthroughthebody,makingthat
vitalmuscleevenstronger.Outdoorexercisealsoturnsupyourenergyandridsyouofthestressanddepressionthatbuildupeve
ryday.Theheatandhumidityinsummercandragyoudownandtireyoufaster,butcoldweatherisrefreshing.Itadjustsyou
toyoursurroundings,makingyoufeelalive.Ofcourse,thethreatofsmoginsomebuiltupareasisafurtherhurdletowinterexercise.Heartattacks,s
trokes,lungcancerandasthmaarealldangersofrunninginsmog.Thecombinationofairpollutionandexerciseincreasesthepotentialproblems.Ifyoudochoosetorunou
tsideonsmoggydays,takeapathinaparkorresidentialareatoavoidcarexhaust(废气),andgoearlyinthemorning,beforerushhour.Butstayinginsideonsmoggydaysandwaitin
gforthenextcleardaytorunisbest.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了冬季户外跑步的意义和方法。冬季户外跑步能燃烧更多的热量，让肌肉更强健，心脏更健康，但是应当避免在雾霾时进行户外活动。1．Howdoescoldweatherbenefitrunners,com
paredwithwarmweather?A．Theycanrunmoreslowly.B．Theycantakeinmorecalories.C．Theirheartscanfunctionharder.D．Their
bodytemperaturecangetlower.C解析：细节理解题。由题干关键词“benefit”和“comparedwithwarmweather”可将答案定位至第二段的最后一句“Similarly...makestheheartworkhardertodistri
butebloodthroughthebody,makingthatvitalmuscleevenstronger.”可知，与温暖的天气相比，在寒冷的天气里户外跑步能使心脏更健康，故C项正确。2．Howdoessummeraffectrunn
ers?A．Itbuildsuptheirenergyquickly.B．Itmakesrunnerstiredeasily.C．Itlessensrunners’stress.D．Itcausesheartattacks.B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中
的“Theheatandhumidityinsummercandragyoudownandtireyoufaster”可知，夏季的炎热和湿气容易让跑步的人很快就感到疲劳，故B项正确。3．Whataretherunnerssupposedtodo
onsmoggydays?A．Stopdrivingcars.B．Domoreexercise.C．Avoidoutdoorexercise.D．Runlateinthemorning.C解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的最后一
句“Butstayinginsideonsmoggydaysandwaitingforthenextcleardaytorunisbest.”可知，如果有雾霾，最好待在室内，等到天气晴朗时再跑步，故C项正确。4．Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetex
t?A．RefreshwithaWinterRunB．TakeOutdoorExerciseinSummerC．GotoRuninaParkD．FollowtheTipstoReduceStressA解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文介绍
了冬季早晨户外跑步的意义和方法。冬季跑步能燃烧更多的热量，让肌肉更强健，心脏更健康，但是应当避免在雾霾天气进行户外活动。据此可以判断，A项最能概括文意，故A项正确。BModernhumanshaveahardtimecontrollingtheirdesiret
oeat.Oftenyoueatnotbecauseyouarehungry,butbecauseyouareaffectedbymanyotherthings.Howmuchyoueatisstronglyaffectedbyhowmucht
hosearoundyoueat.Peopleeatingaloneeatleast.Peopleeatingwithoneotherpersoneat35percentmorethantheydoathome.Peoplediningina
partyoffoureat75percentmore.Eatingwithoverweightfriends?You’lleatmore.Isyourwaitressoverweight?You’ll
eatmore.Awidevarietyoffood?You’lleatmore.Platescandecidehowsweetdesserttastes.Ifpeopleateitoffapaperplate,they’dsay,“Thisisgood.”Iftheyateitoffa
fancysilverplate,theywouldsay,“ThisisthegreatestcakeI’veeateninmyentirelife.”Yourknowledgeaboutwhatmakesfoodgoodorbadalsoaffectshowmuchyoueat.Yo
utendtoeatmorewhenyouthinkthefoodisgood,andlesswhenyouthinkitisbad.SoGrandma’scookiesalwaystastebetterthanothercookies.
“Goodfood”evenhasa“healthhalo(光环)effect”.Ifwe’reeatingsomethinghealthy,wefeelthateverythinginthatmealishealthy.Duetothis,peopleoftenbeli
evethatacheesecakewithasaladhasfewercalories(卡路里)thanthecheesecakealone.That’sperhapsalsowhyeatingorganic(有机的)foodmightturnyouintoanannoyin
gguy.Yourbrainmayuseanythingthatmakesyoufeelgoodaboutyourownmoralitytoexcuseyourimmoralbehaviour.Foodandhungeraffectyourjudgmenttoo.Hu
ngryjudgesgivemoreserioussentences.Kidswhodon’teatbreakfastbehaveworsethankidswhoeattheirbreakfast.Peoplewhoh
avelowbloodsugararemorelikelythantheaveragepersontohavetroubleconcentratingandcontrollingtheirunpleasa
ntemotions.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了哪些因素会导致人们吃得更多。5．Whatismentionedasacauseofovereating?A．Sufferingfromgreatloneliness.B．Beingser
vedbyahelpfulwaitress.C．Beingtreatedtohighqualityfood.D．Eatingwithmanyfriends.D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“Peopleeatingwithoneotherpersoneat35percentmoreth
antheydoathome.”可知，和许多朋友一起吃饭是吃得多的一个原因，故D项正确。6．Accordingtothepassage,anannoyingpersonmaybeonewho________．A．findsanyexcus
eforeatingmoreB．iscrazyaboutthequalityofplatesC．competeswithothersinmakingcookiesD．teachespeopletostickt
omoralityA解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的内容和第三段中的“That’sperhapsalso...yourimmoralbehaviour.”可知，一个让人讨厌的人可能总会找到多吃的借口，故A项正确。7．Accordingtothepassage,peoplearemorelik
elytomakeabadjudgmentwhen________．A．theydon’tfeelhungryB．theyaren’toverweightC．theyhavelowbloodsugarD．theyknowlittle
aboutfoodC解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的“Peoplewhohavelowbloodsugararemorelikelythantheaveragepersontohavetroubleconcentratingandcontrollingtheirunpleasantem
otions.”可知，低血糖的人比常人更难以集中注意力和控制自己的情绪，判断力会更差，故C项正确。8．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．WhenCan’tWeGoonaDiet?B．WhatAffectsEating?C
．HowtoMakeGoodFoodD．WheretoFindSafeFoodB解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文的主题句是第一段的第二句“Oftenyoueatnotbecauseyouarehungry,butbecauseyouareaffectedbymanyothe
rthings.”，结合下文内容可知，本文主要介绍影响吃饭的因素，故B项最能概括文章大意。Ⅲ七选五Whatishappiness?Whenyoucanfeelinnerpeaceandsatisfaction,youarehappy.1
.________Thisusuallyhappenswhenwedosomethingweloveorachievesomethingthatwevalue.Itisouropinionsthatmakeusfeelhap
pyorunhappy.Allofusconstantlygothroughvarioussituationsorconditions,butwedonothavetolettheminfluenceourreactionsandfeel
ings.2.________Tryhardtomakeachangeofthewayyoulookatthings.3.________Thatmeanslookingatthegoodandpositivesideofeverysituation.Paya
ttentiontosolutions,notproblems.Listentorelaxingandupliftingmusic.Watchfunnyandinterestingprogramsthatmakeyoulaugh.A
lwayslookatwhatyouhavedoneandnotatwhatyouhaven’tdone.Lookatwhatyoucando,notatwhatyoucannotdo.Eachdaydoatleastoneacttomakeothers
happy.Whenyoumakesomeonehappy,you’llbecomehappy,andthenpeoplewilltrytomakeyouhappy.4.________Onthecontrary,be
happyfortheirhappiness.Communicatewithhappypeopleandtrytolearnfromthemtobehappy.Remember,doyourbesttostaydetached(冷静的)whenthingsdonotoccurasintendeda
nddesired.Detachmenthasmuchtodowithinnerpeace.5.________A．I’veneverregrettedit.B．Alwayslookatthebrightside.C．
Donotenvypeoplewhoarehappy.D．Stopaskingforeveryone’sapproval.E．Innerpeacecanleadtohappiness,sosmilemoreoften.F．Hereareafewtipsforincreasinghap
pinessindailylife.G．Itisusuallyexperiencedataspecialmoment.【解题导语】本文就如何提高幸福感提出了几条建议。1．G解析：由空后一句可知，幸福感总是在我们做我们喜欢做的事情或者得到
我们重视的东西时出现；据此可知，G项“在特定的时刻通常会体验到幸福感”引出下文，故G项正确。2．F解析：根据下文内容可知，下面两段阐述的是提高幸福感的建议，所以选F项，F项起承上启下的作用。3．B解析：根据空后一句“Thatmeanslookingatthegooda
ndpositivesideofeverysituation.”可知，选B项，要看到事物光明的一面。4．C解析：根据空后一句“Onthecontrary,behappyfortheirhappiness.”可知，空处的意思与“b
ehappyfortheirhappiness”相反，故空处选C项“不要嫉妒幸福的人”。5．E解析：根据空前一句“Detachmenthasmuchtodowithinnerpeace.”可知，冷静地面对事情和内心的平静有很大关系，据此可以判断，空处阐述的是内
心的平静和幸福的关系，故E项正确。获得更多资源请扫码加入享学资源网微信公众号www.xiangxue100.com
