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SectionⅢLearningaboutLanguage&UsingLanguage1．sacredadj.宗教的；庄严的；神圣的2．conceptionn.主意；计划3．championn.冠军；优胜者4．politiciann
.政客；政治家5．courageousadj.勇敢的；有胆量的6．attainvt.达到；获得7．economicsn.经济学8．thereforeadv.因此；所以9．wisdomn.智慧10．receptionistn.接
待员；招待员11．appreciatevt.感激；欣赏；理解；鉴赏12．amateurn.业余爱好者13．entireadj.全部的；完整的14．accountantn.会计15．salaryn.薪水1．focu
son集中精力于……2．competein参加……比赛3．concentrateon专心于……4．retirefrom从……退休5．makealiving谋生6．bidfor投标；竞价7．initself就其本质而
言；本身8．winthegoldmedal赢得金牌ⅠReadthetextquicklyandthenchoosethebestansweraccordingtothetext.1．WhichofthefollowingordersistrueaboutwhatMichellieJonesdid
accordingtothepassage?A．establishmentofthetriathlon→completingteachingqualification→beginningtoconcentrateontriathlon→winningthesilvermedalB．esta
blishmentofthetriathlon→beginningtoconcentrateontriathlon→completingteachingqualification→winningthesilvermedalC．establishmentoft
hetriathlon→completingteachingqualification→winningthesilvermedal→beginningtoconcentrateontriathlonD．completingteach
ingqualification→establishmentofthetriathlon→beginningtoconcentrateontriathlon→winningthesilvermedal2．WhatdidFuMingxialearnafterherretirementfromdiv
ingafterAtlanta?A．Swimming.B．Politics.C．Economics.D．Triathlon.3．Whopracticedplayingtheguitarbeforebe
comingaprofessionalmarathonswimmer?A．FuMingxia.B．MartinStrel.C．MichellieJones.D．LanceArmstrong.答案：1－3.ACBⅡReadthepassagecarefullyandtellthefollowin
gstatementsTrue(T)orFalse(F)．1．Itwasin1988andinAmericathatMichellieJoneshelpedestablishthetriathlon.
()2．FuMingxiawasthefirstwomaninOlympicdivinghistorytowinthreegoldmedals.()3．In2001，MartinStrelbecamethefirstpersonevertoswimtheenti
relengthoftheDanubeRiverinEurope.()答案：1－3.FTF...abouttheirschool’sbidtobreakaGuinnessrecord.……关于他们学校打破吉尼斯纪录的尝试。①Severalfirmshavebidforthec
ontracttobuildthenewconcerthall.有几家公司投标争取建造新音乐厅的合同。②Shebid$500forthepainting.她出价500美元买这幅画。③Hefailedinhisbidtoreachthesummi
t.他攀登顶峰但没有成功。[自我探究]bid是动词，意为出价，投标；吩咐；命令；bidsb.(to)dosth.意为命令某人做某事；bidsomemoneyforsth.出价买某物；bid也可以是名词，意为出价，投标；努力，争
取。makeabidof出价……makeabidfor出价买；争取makeabidforpower/popularsupport争取权利/大众的支持Hewasanamateurcyclistbefor
ethe1992OlympicGamesbutturnedprofessionalafterhehadcompetedintheGames.在1992年奥运会之前他是个业余自行车运动员，但在参加完奥运会之后就成为专业的了。①Sheturnedpale.她的脸变白了。②Theweath
ersuddenlyturnedcoldandwindy.天气突然变得寒冷而多风。③Heturnedcommunist.他成了一名共产主义者。④Shehasturnedteacher.她成了一名老师。[自我探究]turn意为变得，变成，后面可以跟形
容词组成系表结构，也可以跟名词作表语，但是，如果是单数名词作表语，名词前不加冠词。turnover翻身；移交turnon打开(水、电、煤气、电器)turnoff关上(水、电、煤气、电器)turnup调大/高(水、电器)；前来，露面t
urndown调小(水、电器)；拒绝(提议)turnaway拒绝(某人)；打发走turnout(tobe)最后结果是，最终turnin＝handin上交turntosb.转向；向……求助turnagainst反
对turninto转变成，把……变成[巧学活用]——用turn的相关词语完成下面小片段Thepartywasalmostover，butJanestilldidn’t(1)________________．Tomwasverydisappointed.Hedidn
’tknowwhyJanedidn’t(2)________________hisinvitationifshedidn’twanttocome.He(3)________________thebottleso
nthetables，andtherestguestsleftthehallinshock.Tom(4)________________allthelightsinthehall，(5)_______
_________thehall________________aworldofdarkness.Noonecouldimaginehowupsethewas!答案：(1)turnup(2)turndo
wn(3)turnedover(4)turnedoff(5)turning；intoIn2000，hewasthefirstpersonevertoswimtheentirelengthoftheDanubeRiverinEurope—
adistanceof3，004kilometresin58days.在2000年，他是第一位游过欧洲多瑙河全程的人——58天游过了3004千米。①Shespenttheentiredayinbed.她一整天都躺在床上。②Iaminentireagreementwithyou.我完全同意你的
看法。[自我探究]entire是形容词，意为完整的，全部的，完全的，其副词形式是entirely。单词意义区别entire指事物没有被分割或破坏等；强调事物的完整性和保持原样whole作形容词时，可以与entire互换total主要指数量或程度上是“完整的，全部的”③Iwantanent
ireapple.我想要一个完整的苹果。④Pleasetellmethewholething.请告诉我整件事情。⑤Hehaspaidoffhistotaldebts.他还清了全部的债务。Groupwordsthatcomefromthesameroot，egappreciate，apprecia
tion，appreciative.来自同一词根的一组词，例如：appreciate，appreciation和appreciative。①Thepassengersappreciatedmywarmheartedservice，wh
ichgreatlyinspiredme.乘客感激我热情的服务，这极大地鼓励了我。②Successfully，IhavelentahelpinghandtoherinseveralEnglishactivitiesofmyclass，whichhasbeenapprec
iatedbybothteachersandmyclassmates.在班级的几次英语活动中我成功地帮助了她，这受到师生的赞赏。[自我探究]appreciate是及物动词，意为鉴赏；感激；欣赏，其名词是app
reciation，意为感激，欣赏；appreciate后面可以跟动名词作宾语或that从句，如：appreciatedoingsth./that从句(但是不能跟不定式作宾语)。③I’dappreciateyourwritingmebackassoonaspossible.你尽早回信
我将感激不尽。当appreciate,hate,dislike,love,like,depend/relyon等词后接宾语从句时，一般先加it,再接宾语从句。[巧学活用]——一句多译如果你能不辞辛苦地为我做那么多事情我将感激不尽。(1)____________________youcouldta
kethetroubletodosomuchforme.(2)____________________youcouldtakethetroubletodosomuchforme.答案：(1)Iwouldappreciatei
tif(2)IwouldbegratefulifSincethen，shehasneverfinishedlowerthanfourthinanyoftheworldchampionshipsshehas
competedin.从那以后，在她所参赛的任何一次世界锦标赛中，她从来没有得过低于第四名的成绩。①Sincewehavenomoney，wecan’tbuyit.因为没有钱，我们不能买它。②Sinceeverybod
yishere，let’sbeginourmeeting.既然大家都在这里，我们开会吧。③Myuncleleftthetownin1980andIhaven’tseenhimsince.我叔叔在1980年离开了这个城镇，我从此以后就没有见过他。④WherehaveyoubeensinceI
lastsawyou?自从我上次见到你之后，你去哪了？[自我探究]since是连词，当引导原因状语从句时，意为既然；当引导时间状语从句时，意为自从，主句用现在完成时时态。sinceconj.&adv.(1)表示“由于，因为，既然”，引导原因状语从
句，一般置于句首相当于nowthat。(2)表示“自从……以后，自……以来”，可用作连词、介词，副词，用来表示时间，其所在的句子的中心动词用现在完成时。(3)since引导时间状语从句时，若动词为非延续性动词，句子可译为：自……以来有多长时间了；若从句的动词为延续性动词时，句子可译为：没做
某事有多长时间了。⑤It’stwoyearssinceIsmoked.我戒烟两年了。⑥It’stwoyearssinceIbegantosmoke.自从我开始抽烟有两年了。单词意义区别because引导的从句通常表示说话人认为听话人不知道的原因或理由，从句往往是整个主从复合
句的重心。所以在所有表示原因的词中是语气最强的since，assince和as表示原因时，往往表示人们显然已经知道的理由或原因。因此，侧重点是主句的内容，原因只是附带说明，在语气上because最强，si
nce次之(在意义上相当于汉语的“既然”)，as最弱for它表示的原因只是附加说明，所以常用逗号与主句分开。另外，for引导的原因状语从句不能放在句首⑦Hewasannoyedbecausehemissedthebus.他非常生气因为他错过了那班公交车。⑧Sincehismethod
doesn’twork，let’stryyours.既然他的方法不行，那就试试你的吧。⑨Asyouobject，I’llreconsidertheplan.既然你反对，我将重新考虑这个计划。⑩Irecommendseeingthelat
estfilm，foritisveryexcitingandinteresting.我建议看最新的电影，因为它很有趣又令人兴奋。AttheSydneyOlympicsin2000shewonthesilvermedalintheWomen’sTriathlon，thef
irsttimetheeventhadbeenincludedintheOlympicGames.在2000年悉尼奥运会上，她在女子三项全能比赛中获得银牌，那是该项比赛首次成为奥运会的比赛项目。①ItisthefirsttimethatIhavese
ensuchawonderfulfilm.这是我第一次看这么精彩的电影。②ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadseenthesea.那是我第一次见到大海。③ThisisthefirsttimethatIhavereadanEnglishnovel
.这是我第一次读英文小说。④Itisthethirdtimethathehaswrittensuchagoodcomposition.这是他第三次写这么好的文章。[自我探究]thefirsttimetheeventhadbeenincludedin...是省略句，全句为it_wast
hefirsttimethattheeventhadbeen...。It/Thisis/wasthefirst/second...timethatsb.has(have)/haddonesth.这是某人第一/二……次做某事。此处主句的谓语动词要用现在完成时或过去完成时。[巧学活用]——完成句子这是
她第一次去北京。Itisthefirsttime______________________________________________.答案：thatshehasbeentoBeijing课时作业2Ⅰ单句语法填空1．It’ssuggestedthatmedicineshouldn
otbekeptwhereitis____________(access)tochildren.答案：accessible2．Amanwithoutalongheadwouldregret____________hehasdone.答案：what3
．Theplanwasdoomed____________failure.答案：to4．Shebadesixhundreddollars____________thetablelastweek.答案：f
or5．Thegoodsweredamagedduringtransportation，and____________weneedtomakeaclaimfromthefreightcompany.答案：therefore6．The____________(e
ntirely)bodyofazebraismarkedwithblackandwhitestripes.答案：entire7．Theyareseeking____________(attain)themostadvancedtechnologi
callevelsintheworld.答案：toattain8．Iwouldappreciate____________ifyouwouldturnthemusicdown.答案：it9．Theyare____________(courage)animals.Theydonote
venfeartoattacklions.答案：courageous10．A____________(politics)mustbeabletowithstandpubliccriticism.答案：politicianⅡ阅读理解AIt’scoldanddarkoutside,andyo
urbedissowarmandcomfortable.Goingforarunseemslikesuchabadidea.Butbeforeyouhideyourrunningshoes,itmightbeworthgivingthatcrazyideaago.Accord
ingtoTheHuffingtonPost,anoutdoorruninwinter,asopposedtooneonatreadmill(跑步机),burnsmorecaloriesbecausethebodyisworkinghar
dtoregulate(调节)itscoretemperature.Furthermore,researchshowsthatracetimesarefasterincoldweatherthaninwarmertemperatu
res—andquickerrunsburnmorecalories.Similarly,coldweatheralsomakestheheartworkhardertodistributebloodthroughthebody
,makingthatvitalmuscleevenstronger.Outdoorexercisealsoturnsupyourenergyandridsyouofthestressanddepressionthatbui
ldupeveryday.Theheatandhumidityinsummercandragyoudownandtireyoufaster,butcoldweatherisrefreshing.Itadjustsyoutoyoursurroundings,makingyoufe
elalive.Ofcourse,thethreatofsmoginsomebuiltupareasisafurtherhurdletowinterexercise.Heartattacks,strok
es,lungcancerandasthmaarealldangersofrunninginsmog.Thecombinationofairpollutionandexerciseincreasesthepotent
ialproblems.Ifyoudochoosetorunoutsideonsmoggydays,takeapathinaparkorresidentialareatoavoidcarexhaust(废气),andgoearlyinthemorning,beforer
ushhour.Butstayinginsideonsmoggydaysandwaitingforthenextcleardaytorunisbest.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了冬季户外跑步的意义和方法。冬季户外跑步能燃烧更多的热量，
让肌肉更强健，心脏更健康，但是应当避免在雾霾时进行户外活动。1．Howdoescoldweatherbenefitrunners,comparedwithwarmweather?A．Theycanrunm
oreslowly.B．Theycantakeinmorecalories.C．Theirheartscanfunctionharder.D．Theirbodytemperaturecangetlower.C解析：细
节理解题。由题干关键词“benefit”和“comparedwithwarmweather”可将答案定位至第二段的最后一句“Similarly...makestheheartworkhardertodistributeblo
odthroughthebody,makingthatvitalmuscleevenstronger.”可知，与温暖的天气相比，在寒冷的天气里户外跑步能使心脏更健康，故C项正确。2．Howdoessummeraffectrunners?A．Itbuildsuptheirenergyquickly.
B．Itmakesrunnerstiredeasily.C．Itlessensrunners’stress.D．Itcausesheartattacks.B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的“Theheatandhumidityinsummercandragyo
udownandtireyoufaster”可知，夏季的炎热和湿气容易让跑步的人很快就感到疲劳，故B项正确。3．Whataretherunnerssupposedtodoonsmoggydays?A．Stopdrivingcars.B．Do
moreexercise.C．Avoidoutdoorexercise.D．Runlateinthemorning.C解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的最后一句“Butstayinginsideonsmoggyd
aysandwaitingforthenextcleardaytorunisbest.”可知，如果有雾霾，最好待在室内，等到天气晴朗时再跑步，故C项正确。4．Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A．Ref
reshwithaWinterRunB．TakeOutdoorExerciseinSummerC．GotoRuninaParkD．FollowtheTipstoReduceStressA解析：标题归纳题。
通读全文可知，本文介绍了冬季早晨户外跑步的意义和方法。冬季跑步能燃烧更多的热量，让肌肉更强健，心脏更健康，但是应当避免在雾霾天气进行户外活动。据此可以判断，A项最能概括文意，故A项正确。BModernhumanshav
eahardtimecontrollingtheirdesiretoeat.Oftenyoueatnotbecauseyouarehungry,butbecauseyouareaffectedbymanyotherthings.Howmuchy
oueatisstronglyaffectedbyhowmuchthosearoundyoueat.Peopleeatingaloneeatleast.Peopleeatingwithoneotherpersone
at35percentmorethantheydoathome.Peopledininginapartyoffoureat75percentmore.Eatingwithoverweightfriends?You’lleatmore
.Isyourwaitressoverweight?You’lleatmore.Awidevarietyoffood?You’lleatmore.Platescandecidehowsweetdesserttastes.Ifpeop
leateitoffapaperplate,they’dsay,“Thisisgood.”Iftheyateitoffafancysilverplate,theywouldsay,“ThisisthegreatestcakeI’veeaten
inmyentirelife.”Yourknowledgeaboutwhatmakesfoodgoodorbadalsoaffectshowmuchyoueat.Youtendtoeatmorewhenyouthinkthefoodisgood
,andlesswhenyouthinkitisbad.SoGrandma’scookiesalwaystastebetterthanothercookies.“Goodfood”evenhasa“healthhalo(光环)effect”.Ifwe’reeatingsomethinghe
althy,wefeelthateverythinginthatmealishealthy.Duetothis,peopleoftenbelievethatacheesecakewithasaladhasfewercalories(卡路里)th
anthecheesecakealone.That’sperhapsalsowhyeatingorganic(有机的)foodmightturnyouintoanannoyingguy.Yourbrainmayuseanyth
ingthatmakesyoufeelgoodaboutyourownmoralitytoexcuseyourimmoralbehaviour.Foodandhungeraffectyourjudgmenttoo.Hungryjudgesgivemoreserioussentences.Kids
whodon’teatbreakfastbehaveworsethankidswhoeattheirbreakfast.Peoplewhohavelowbloodsugararemorelikelythantheaveragepersontohavetroubleconcentrati
ngandcontrollingtheirunpleasantemotions.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了哪些因素会导致人们吃得更多。5．Whatismentionedasacauseofovereating?A．Sufferingfromgreatloneliness.B．Being
servedbyahelpfulwaitress.C．Beingtreatedtohighqualityfood.D．Eatingwithmanyfriends.D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“Peopleeatingwithoneotherpersoneat35percentmor
ethantheydoathome.”可知，和许多朋友一起吃饭是吃得多的一个原因，故D项正确。6．Accordingtothepassage,anannoyingpersonmaybeonewho________．A．findsanyexcuseforeatingmoreB．iscrazy
aboutthequalityofplatesC．competeswithothersinmakingcookiesD．teachespeopletosticktomoralityA解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的内容和第三段中的“That’sperhapsal
so...yourimmoralbehaviour.”可知，一个让人讨厌的人可能总会找到多吃的借口，故A项正确。7．Accordingtothepassage,peoplearemorelikelytomakeabadjudgmentw
hen________．A．theydon’tfeelhungryB．theyaren’toverweightC．theyhavelowbloodsugarD．theyknowlittleaboutfo
odC解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的“Peoplewhohavelowbloodsugararemorelikelythantheaveragepersontohavetroubleconcentratingandcontrollingtheirunpleasantemotion
s.”可知，低血糖的人比常人更难以集中注意力和控制自己的情绪，判断力会更差，故C项正确。8．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．WhenCan’tWeGoonaDiet?B．WhatA
ffectsEating?C．HowtoMakeGoodFoodD．WheretoFindSafeFoodB解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文的主题句是第一段的第二句“Oftenyoueatnotbecauseyouarehungry,butbecauseyoua
reaffectedbymanyotherthings.”，结合下文内容可知，本文主要介绍影响吃饭的因素，故B项最能概括文章大意。Ⅲ七选五Whatishappiness?Whenyoucanfeelinne
rpeaceandsatisfaction,youarehappy.1.________Thisusuallyhappenswhenwedosomethingweloveorachievesomethingthatwevalue.Itisouropinionstha
tmakeusfeelhappyorunhappy.Allofusconstantlygothroughvarioussituationsorconditions,butwedonothavetolettheminflu
enceourreactionsandfeelings.2.________Tryhardtomakeachangeofthewayyoulookatthings.3.________Thatmeanslookingatthegoodandpositivesid
eofeverysituation.Payattentiontosolutions,notproblems.Listentorelaxingandupliftingmusic.Watchfunnyandinterestingprogramstha
tmakeyoulaugh.Alwayslookatwhatyouhavedoneandnotatwhatyouhaven’tdone.Lookatwhatyoucando,notatwhatyoucannot
do.Eachdaydoatleastoneacttomakeothershappy.Whenyoumakesomeonehappy,you’llbecomehappy,andthenpeoplewilltrytomakeyouhappy.4.________Onthecon
trary,behappyfortheirhappiness.Communicatewithhappypeopleandtrytolearnfromthemtobehappy.Remember,doyourbesttostaydetached(冷静
的)whenthingsdonotoccurasintendedanddesired.Detachmenthasmuchtodowithinnerpeace.5.________A．I’veneverregrettedit.B．Alwayslookatthebr
ightside.C．Donotenvypeoplewhoarehappy.D．Stopaskingforeveryone’sapproval.E．Innerpeacecanleadtohappiness,sosmilemoreoften.F．Hereareafew
tipsforincreasinghappinessindailylife.G．Itisusuallyexperiencedataspecialmoment.【解题导语】本文就如何提高幸福感提出了几条建议。1．
G解析：由空后一句可知，幸福感总是在我们做我们喜欢做的事情或者得到我们重视的东西时出现；据此可知，G项“在特定的时刻通常会体验到幸福感”引出下文，故G项正确。2．F解析：根据下文内容可知，下面两段阐述的是提高幸福感的建议，所以
选F项，F项起承上启下的作用。3．B解析：根据空后一句“Thatmeanslookingatthegoodandpositivesideofeverysituation.”可知，选B项，要看到事物光明的一面。4．C解析：根据空后一句“Onthecontrary,behap
pyfortheirhappiness.”可知，空处的意思与“behappyfortheirhappiness”相反，故空处选C项“不要嫉妒幸福的人”。5．E解析：根据空前一句“Detachmenthasmuchtodowithinnerpeace.”可知，冷静地面对
事情和内心的平静有很大关系，据此可以判断，空处阐述的是内心的平静和幸福的关系，故E项正确。获得更多资源请扫码加入享学资源网微信公众号www.xiangxue100.com
