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1第4讲现在完成时入门测()1.I______atthisschoolfortwoyearsalready.A.amstudyingB.studyC.studiedD.havestudied()2.They____

__inthecitysincelastsummer.A.liveB.didn’tliveC.havelivedD.live()3.Mrs.WanghaslivedinHaikou______1992.A

.sinceB.fromC.afterD.in()4.She______asananimaltrainersince2003.A.hasworkedB.worksC.willworkD.haveworked()5.---Wouldyoulike______somecoffe

e?---No,thanks.I______some.A.have;alreadyhaveB.had;justhadC.having;havehadD.tohave;havealreadyhad【参考答案】1.D2.C3.A4.A5.D情景导入Teacher：“Whendidyoug

otoShenzhenMiddleSchool?”Students：“WewenttoShenzhenMiddleSchooltwoyearsago.”Teacher：“Areyoustillstudyinghere?”Students：“Y

es,weare.”Teacher：“SoyouhavestudiedinShenzhenMiddleSchoollfortwoyears.”Teacher：“AndMissMaryhastaughtyouEnglishfort

woyears.”学习目标1.Tolearnthestructureandkeypointsofpresentperfect.2.Tolearnhowtousepresentperfect.3.Attractstudents’in

teresttoEnglishlearning.2知识精讲现在完成时的用法和标志一、概念：表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果；或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。二、用法：1.现在完成时的"完成用法"现

在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在。常用时间状语：already，yet，just，ever，never，before等。E

g:Hehasturnedoffthelight.他已把灯关了。(灯现在不亮了。)Ihavespentallofmymoney.我已经花完所有钱了。(现在我没有钱花了。)2.现在完成时的"未完成用法"指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直

延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去。这里的动词要用持续性动词。常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点）及uptonow,sofar,untilnow,forthepastfewyears,duringthelastfourmonths,throughhist

ory等连用。Eg:Maryhasbeenillforthreedays.Maryhasbeenillsincethreedaysago.【即学即练】1.ItseemsthatElNino______somedisastersinthewor

ldinthepastfewmonths.A.hascausedB.iscausingC.willcauseD.caused2.Thismedicine_____millionsofpeople’slivessinceitw

asputintouse.A.issavingB.willsaveC.hassavedD.hadsaved3.---Areyougoingtowatch“RunningMan”tonight?---No!I_____itwithmyparentsonlyonce.Idon’tth

inkit’sexciting.A.seeB.haveseenC.willseeD.amseeing【参考答案】ACB3现在完成时的结构肯定句主语+have/has+过去分词(done)+其他.Hehasjustcopiedallthenewwords.We

'vejustcleanedtheclassroom.否定句主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.Ihaven'tfinishedmyhomeworkyet.Shehasn'ttravelledonatrain.一般疑问句Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他？肯定

回答：Yes,主语+have/has.否定回答：No,主语+haven't/hasn't.No,notyet./No,never.---Haveyouevermadedumplings?---Yes,Ihave

./No,Ihaven’t.---Hassheeverbeenabroad?---No,never.特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词+其他？---HowlonghaveyoulivedinBeijing?---IhavelivedinBeijingfortenyears.

【注：动词的过去分词构成规则】规则变化①大部分动词在词尾直接加-edcleancleanedhelphelped②以不发音的e结尾的，直接加-dlikelikedlivelived③以辅音字母+y结尾的单词，变y为i再加edtrytriedst

udystudied④重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母的，需要双写最后这个辅音字母再加-ed.planplannedstopstopped【即学即练】1.写出下列单词的过去分词形式work_________finish___________arrive________

___change_________see___________have___________marry__________visit__________miss___________4meet___________be__________2.It’snicetoseeyouagain.Weeac

hothersince2014.A.won’tseeB.don’tseeC.haven’tseenD.didn’tsee3.---_____youever_____HanHongsinglive?---Ofcourse.Acoupleoftimesindifferentcities.A.H

ave,seenB.Did,seeC.Do,seeD.Are,seeing【参考答案】1.worked;finished;arrived;changed;seen;had;married;visited;missed;met;been2-3CA现在完成时的五个考点1.havebeen

to/havegoneto/havebeenin的区别havebeento+地点表示曾经去过某地，现人已返回。(once,twice...)havegoneto+地点表示人已去了某地，人还未返回。(whereissb?)havebeenin+地点表示在某地呆多长时间。（

for…../since…..）Eg:IhavebeentoBeijingtwice.我去过北京两次。---WhereisTom?---HehasgonetoAmerica.汤姆在哪里？他去了美国。IhavebeeninShen

zhenfortwoyears/sincetwoyearsago.我已经在深圳两年了。2.现在完成时和一般过去时区别现在完成时与现在有关的时态，它侧重于过去的动作对现在造成的影响。一般过去时侧重于表示过去的动作与现在无关，若询问该动作发生在过去的具体的时间时，只能用一般过去时。试比较：Thep

lanehasarrived.飞机已经来了。（说明现在的情况：飞机在这儿）Theplanearrivedaquarterago.飞机是一刻钟以前来的。（强调动作发生时间在过去）Ihavetaughthereforfifteenyears.我在这儿教了十五年。（表示十五年前的动作一直延续到现在，

还可能继续）Itaughthereayearago.我一年前在这儿教书。（表示我现在已经不在这任教了）53.since和for区别since+时间点（过去一个时间点/一段时间+ago/从句）for+时间段,与延续性动

词连用。如：IhaveworkedinShenzhensince2007.IhaveworkedinShenzhensincefiveyearsago.（since+从句，从句用一般过去时）Ihave

livedheresinceIwastenyearsold.IhaveworkedinShenzhenforfiveyears.4.短暂性动词和延续性动词区别①短暂性动词：表示不能延续的动作，如：open,die,c

lose,begin,come,go,move,borrow,lend,buy等②延续性动词：表示能够延续的动作，如：learn,work,stand,lie,know,walk,keep,have等短暂动词不能和时间

段连用，若与时间段连用，必须将短暂性动词改成延续性动词。◆短暂性动词和延续性动词的转换(1)短暂性动词转化为意思相同的延续性动词borrow/lend—keep借—保有puton—wear/bein穿上b

ecome—be变—是gettoknow—know了解buy—have/own买—拥有catchacold—haveacold感冒receive—have收到—拥有gotosleep—sleep去睡觉join—beinmemb

erof+组织/beinthe+组织加入(2)将短暂性动词转化为“be+形容词或副词”begin—beon上演（last持续）gothere—bethere去那comeback—beback回来comehere—behere来这open—beopen开close—beclosed关着d

ie—bedead死marry—bemarried结婚finish—beover结束gotobed—beinbed睡觉leave—beaway(from)离开return—beback返回6getout—beout出去fallasleep—beasleep入睡lose—belost丢失falli

ll—beill生病➢buy—have买；borrow/lend—keep借Iboughtthecameralastweek.我上周买了部相机。Ihavehadthecameraforaweek.相机我

买了一个星期。➢die—bedead死；leave—beaway离开Themandiedtwoyearsago.这个男人两年前死的。Themanhasbeendeadfortwoyears.这个男人死了两年了。➢join—beinthe+组织/bea

memberof+组织Shejoinedthearmytwoyearsago.Shehasbeenasoliderfortwoyears.她入伍两年了。➢open—beopen开张；close—beclosed关闭

Theshopopenedlastyear.=Theshophasbeenopenforayear.商店开了一年了。5.现在完成时的主要句型1).主语+have/has+延续性动词的过去分词+for+时间段HehaslearnedEnglishfornearlytwo

years.他学习英语近两年了。2).主语+have/has+延续性动词的过去分词+since时间点/since+从句（从句用一般过去时）.Ihaveworkedinthefactorysince2007.WehavelivedinShenzh

ensinceIwasborn.我自从出生以来就住在深圳。3).It’s+时间段+since+一般过去时Itistwoyearssincehedied.=Hediedtwoyearsago.=Hehasbeendeadfor

twoyears.他死了两年了。【即学即练】1.同义句转换1)LiLeijoinedthePartythreeyearsago.LiLeithePartythreeyears.LiLeithePartythreeyearsago.2)Myfa

therleftGuizhoulastweek.MyfatherGuizhouaweek.MyfatherGuizhoulastweek.72.WilliamShakespeare______for400years,buthisworksstillhavegreatinfluenceto

day.A.diedB.wasdyingC.hasdiedD.hasbeendead3.I_____myhometownforalongtime.Ireallymissit.A.wentawayfromB.havebeenawayfromC.havele

ft【参考答案】1.1)hasbeenin;for/hasbeenin;since2)hasbeenawayfrom;for/hasbeenawayfrom;since2-3DB当堂练习一、写出下列单词的过去分词形式prefer____

______do___________hear____________live____________clean________study___________plan____________take_________stop____________keep___________

_buy_________spend____________learn___________forget__________bring____________二、用所给动词的适当形式填空1.Mr.andMrs.White________

already________(live)inthesmalltownforaboutseventyyears.2.____you______(find)yoursciencebookyet?3.---WhereisLily?She_______

(be)herejustamomentago.---She__________(go)tothecomputerroom.4.Thestudents____________(read)Englishwhentheteachercamein.5.---_________theyever

_______(be)toHongKongafteritreturnedtoChina?---Yes.Onlyonce.6.Mr.Smith______just______(have)lunch.Nowhe_______(have)arest.7.We

________never_______(keep)arabbitasapetbefore.8.---HowmanyEnglishgreatfilms________you_______(see)sofar?---About15.9.There________(be)greatchangesin

ourcountryinthepast25years.10.---Daniel,I________(buy)anEnglish-Chinesedictionary.8---Really?Where_______you_

_______(buy)it?---InXinghuaBookStoreonShanxiRoad.11.I_______(read)thenoveltwice.It’sinteresting.12.Mr.Chen_________(give)upsmokinglastyear.13.---Sh

e_____(go)toPairs,hasn’tshe?---Yes.---How______she_______(go)there?---She_______(go)therebyair.三、同义句转换1.Thefactoryopenedin1996.Thefactorytwentyyears

.Thefactorysince1996.2.Mr.WangreachedBeijingfivedaysago.Mr.WangBeijingfivedaysago.Mr.WangBeijingfiveda

ys.3.Thefilmbegantenminutesago.Thefilmfor.Thefilmsince四、单项选择1.Howlonghaveyou_______here?A.comeB.gotC.arrivedD.been

2.Mygrandpadied_________.A.attheageofmy2.B.for2years.C.whenIwas2yearsold.D.myagewas6.3.Janehas_____toBeijing.S

hewillcomebacktomorrow.A.beenB.goneC.wentD.neverbeen4.Itistenyears_____Ilastsawher.A.afterB.sinceC.forD.tha

t5.---WhowillgotothestationtomeetLorry?---Iwill.I_____herseveraltimes.A.metB.havemetC.hadmetD.willmeet6.---Whatanicedress!Howlo

ng_____you_____it?---Just2weeks.A.will,buyB.did,buyC.are,havingD.have,had7.---DoyouknowLydiaverywell?9---Yes,SheandI_____friendssincewewereveryyo

ung.A.havemadeB.havebecomeC.havebeenD.haveturned8.TheSmiths_______inChinafor8years.A.haslivedB.livedC.havebe

enD.live9.---Hello,thisisMr.Greenspeaking.CanIspeaktoMr.Black?---Sorry.He______theBainiaoPark.A.hasbeentoB.has

gonetoC.wenttoD.willgoto10.---____youever____totheUS?---Yes,twice.A.Have,goneB.Have,beenC.Do,goD.were,going11.Hurryup!Theplay_____

_____fortenminutes.A.hasbegunB.hadbegunC.hasbeenonD.began12.---ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates.---Really?When_____there?A.willtheygoB.didthe

ygoC.dotheygoD.havetheygone13.---Ourcountry______alotsofar.---Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven______.A.haschanged;wellB.changed;goodC.haschang

ed;betterD.changed;better14.Hehas_______beentoShanghai,hashe?A.alreadyB.neverC.everD.still15.Thefamouswriter_____onenewbook

inthepasttwoyear.A.iswritingB.waswritingC.wroteD.haswritten【参考答案】一、写出下列单词的过去分词形式preferred;done;heard;lived

;cleaned;studied;planned;taken;stopped;kept;bought;spent;learned;forgotten;brought;二、用所给动词的适当形式填空1.havelived2.Have;found3

.was;hasgone4.werereading5.Havebeen6.hashad;ishaving7.havekept8.haveseen9.havebeen10.bought;did;buy11.haveread12.gave13.hasgone;did;go;we

nt三、同义句转换1.hasbeenopenfor/hasbeenopen2.hasbeenin;since/hasbeenin;for3.hasbeenon;tenminutes/hasbeenon;tenminutes

ago四、单项选择10DCBBBDCCBBCBCBD当堂总结今天的收获：______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________出门测一、用since和for填空。1.________fiveyears2.________fiveyearsago3.________lastyear4.______

__20095.________January6.________amonth7.________6hours8.________anhourago二、用have/hasbeento,have/hasbeenin,

have/hasgoneto填空。1.John______________Englandsincehecameback.2.Howlong_________he__________thisvillage

?3.TheSmiths______________Beijingforyears.4.---_________youever__________America?---Yes.I______________theremanyt

imes.5.Myfather______________England.Hewillbebacktomorrow.三、单项选择。11()1.ImustreturnthecameratoLiLei.I_______itfortwoweeksAke

epBborrowedChavekeptDhavelent()2.---Whydidn’tyougotoseethedolphinshowwithme?---BecauseI_______it.A.sawB.willseeC.seeD.haveseen()3.---Doyouknowhimwel

l---Sure.We_______friendssincetenyearsago.A.wereB.havebeenC.havebecomeD.havemade()4.---WhereisMissGao.Lily?---She_______totheteachersofficeA.ha

sbeenB.hasgoneC.wentD.wouldgo()5.He_______acitybusforovertwenty-fiveyears.A.isdrivingB.droveC.hasdrivenD.drives()6.Notmanypeopleknowhim,alt

houghhe_______morethan100songs.A.alreadywroteB.havealreadywrittenC.hasalreadywrittenD.wasalreadywriting

()7.---Whomareyouwaitingfor?---Gary’sparents.Butneitherofthem_______yet.A.arrivedB.hasarrivedC.arearrivingD.isarriving()8.---MayIspe

aktoMrsLi,please?---Sorryshe_______London.Butshewillbebackintwodays.A.hasbeentoB.hasgonetoC.wenttoD.goesto()9.MrLi_____

__ourschoolsincetwoweeksago.Andhewillbebacknextmonth.A.hasbeeninB.leftC.hasbeenawayfromD.hasleft()10.---Youseemtoknowmuchaboutthecity.-

--That’strue.I_______itthreetimes.A.visitedB.hadvisitedC.havevisitedD.willvisit【参考答案】一、选择适当单词成短语填空。1.for2.s

ince3.since4.since5.since6.for7.for8.since二、用have/hasbeento,have/hasbeenin,have/hasgoneto填空。121.hasbeenin2.has...beenin3.havebeenin4.Have...bee

nto,havebeen5.hasgoneto三、单项选择。1-5CDBBC6-10CBBCC