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【文档说明】高考英语新课标大二轮专题辅导与增分攻略专题一 语法填空1-2-1第1节 名词含答案.docx，共(26)页，91.480 KB，由envi的店铺上传
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第二讲“有提示词类”解题攻略第1节名词Step1典题感悟·高考名题这样考考查角度1名词变复数1．(2019·北京卷)Nomatterwhatyouliketodo，thereisawaytogetinvolvedinvarious_____
_______(activity)onEarthDay.[解析]考查名词复数。句意：无论你喜欢做什么，有一个方法可以让你参与地球日的各种活动。根据设空前的修饰词various可知，此处要用名词的复数形式
。故填activities。[答案]activities2．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014thatshowedamerefiveto1
0minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall____________(cause)．[解析]考查名词复数。此处cause是可数名词，
意为“原因”，句中的all表示“所有”，后应用可数名词的复数形式，故填causes。[答案]causes3．(2018·浙江卷)MakingChinese____________(dish)isseenasespeciallytro
ublesome.[解析]考查名词复数。dish是可数名词，其前无限定词，故用其复数形式dishes。[答案]dishes4．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Shehasturneddownseveral_______(invitation)tostaratshowsi
nordertoconcentrateonherstudies.[解析]考查名词复数。根据句意可知她已拒绝了好几个邀请，前面有several修饰，故用invitation的复数形式。[答案]invitations考查角度2动词变名词5．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Wh
entheywerefreefromwork,theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninteresting____________(compete)towatch,togetherwiththestor
ybehindit.[解析]考查名词。由空格前的不定冠词an与空格后的不定式towatch可以确定空格处应该填名词形式。故填competition。[答案]competition6．(2019·浙江卷)OtherAmericanstud
iesshowedno____________(connect)betweenuniformsandschoolperformance.[解析]考查名词。句意：其他的美国研究表明校服和学校表演之间没有联系。no是形容词，形容词修饰名词，位于名词前，名词可用复数也可用单数形式。conne
ct是动词，“联系”的意思，因此，要用其名词形式。故填connection/connections。[答案]connection/connections7．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Thisswitchhasdecreased_
___________(pollute)inthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.[解析]考查词性转换。此处应
填pollute的名词形式pollution作宾语。[答案]pollution8．(2018·浙江卷)Researchershavefoundthatthereisadirectlinkbetweentheincreaseinfoodeatenout
sidethehomeandtherisein____________(weigh)problems.[解析]考查名词。根据语境可知，此处表示“体重问题”，空处需要填名词weight。[答案]weig
ht9．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe____________(introduce)ofelectricpoweredenginesandlifts.[解析]考查词性转换。空格前是the，后面应该是名词，故填名词introduc
tion。[答案]introduction考查角度3形容词变名词10．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableist
heir____________(able)to“aircondition”ahousewithoutusingelectricequipment.[解析]考查词性转换。空格前是their,后面应该是名词，故填名词ability。[答案]a
bility考查角度4名词变名词11．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)MynameisMireyaMayor.I'ma____________(science)whostudiesanimalssuchasapesandm
onkeys.[解析]考查词性转换。空格前是a,后面应该是表“人”的名词，故填名词scientist。[答案]scientistStep2知识储备·抓重破难补短板一、名词的单复数的规则变化1．一般在名词词尾直接加s。例如：friend朋友→friends,member成员→members,chan
ge变化→changes,wing翅膀→wings。①(2019·郑州高中第三次质量预测)Thiscompletesetoflawscangiveusthe____________(answer)toquestionslike“Howdidtheu
niversebegin？”．[答案]answers2．词尾是s,x,ch,sh时一般加es。例如：bus公共汽车→buses,fox狐狸→foxes,coach教练→coaches,branch树枝→branches,bush灌木丛→bushes。注意：stom
ach(胃部)的复数形式是在词尾直接加s。②(2019·武汉市五月训练题)Shehadtwolowsodium(低钠)bacon____________(sandwich)withadietsodaforlunch.[答案]san
dwiches3．词尾是辅音字母＋y时，变y为i，再加es;词尾是元音字母＋y时，直接加s。例如：enemy敌人→enemies,hobby业余爱好→hobbies,difficulty困难→difficulties,to
y玩具→toys,key钥匙→keys。③(2019·合肥市第三次教学质量检测)ItreflectsthefrequentbusinessandculturalcommunicationbetweenChinaand__________
__(country)alongtheancientSilkRoad.[答案]countries4．以f或fe结尾的名词，多数把f或fe改为v然后再加es。例如：wife妻子→wives,knife刀子→knives,shelf架子→
shelves,wolf狼→wolves。④(2019·高考原创题)Brickscoveredthegroundlikeredautumn____________(leaf).Nowind,however,couldblowthemaway
.[答案]leaves5．词尾是以辅音字母＋o结尾，直接加es;以元音字母＋o结尾，直接加s。例如：tomato番茄→tomatoes,zoo动物园→zoos。注意：外来词piano与缩略词photo直接加s。⑤
(2018·四川龙泉市期末测试)TheymayletyousurftheInternet,listentomusicandtake____________(photo)whereveryouare.[答案]
photos二、名词单复数的不规则变化1．不规则名词的复数变化。如：child孩子→children，foot脚→feet，mouse老鼠→mice，womandoctor女医生→womendoctors，manteacher男老
师→menteachers等。⑥(2019·贵州遵义航天高级中学高三检测)Forexample,wecanmakeplanstovisitsickchildinthehospitalorraisemoneyforhomelesspeople.____________[答案]child→chil
dren2．单复数同形的词。如：series系列，species种类，means手段，works(工厂),deer鹿，sheep绵羊，Chinese中国人。⑦(2018·沧州联考)Therehasbeenase
riesactivitiestogetpeopletogetherandmakethemclosertoeachotherinthistown.____________[答案]series后加of三、抽象名
词具体化问题抽象名词通常是不可数名词，但是具体到某人或某物身上时可以加不定冠词。experience经验(不可数名词)→anexperience一次经历(可数名词)surprise惊奇(不可数名词)→asurprise令人吃惊的人或事(可数名词)pleasure愉快(不
可数名词)→apleasure一件乐事，一个乐趣(可数名词)honor荣誉(不可数名词)→anhonor一个(件)光荣的人或事(可数名词)success成功(不可数名词)→asuccess一个(件)成功的人或事(可数名词)c
omfort安慰(不可数名词)→acomfort一个(件)令人安慰的人或事(可数名词)⑧(2018·南昌市三校联考)Finally,itwasagreat____________(successful)whichsavedlivesthen,andisstillsavinglivest
oday.[答案]success四、固定短语中的名词1．名词与介词搭配atpresent目前atrisk冒险bymistake错误地bychance/accident偶然inruins破败不堪inadvance提前onpurpose故意地onthewhole总的来说outofdate过时out
oforder出故障；不整洁outofbreath上气不接下气underrepair在修理中underconsideration在考虑中⑨(2019·海南模拟)Wassomedamnnewspaper,concernedonlywithprintingasensationalone－day
story,abouttolayin____________(ruin)allhisworkanddreams?[答案]ruins2．名词与动词搭配catchsightof瞥见findfaultwith挑
……的错makeuseof利用keeppacewith与……同步makeafoolof愚弄makefunof取笑⑩(2019·海南模拟)Thosegirlsatthetelephoneofficehaveverysharptonguesandtheyliketomak
e____________(funny)ofothers.[答案]funStep3增分攻略·献计献策献妙招单数变复是重点，词性转换是关键，定语名词常变格，固定搭配意当先。[操作技法1]复数形式及变化规则当确定填名词时，首先考虑是否该用复
数形式，着眼点应放在前面的修饰词上或者谓语的数上。如果修饰语为many，afew，other，数字等词时，或谓语动词是are，were，have(havedone)等形式时，名词必定是复数形式。[典例](2019·重庆质量调研抽测
)Nowwiththelonghistoryof30____________(year),ithasbecomethemostfamoustimehonoredbrandteahouseinChongqing.[解析]考查名词的单复数。year是可数名词，并结合空前的“30”可知，此处
应用其复数形式，故填years。[答案]years[操作技法2]词性的名词转换问题当提示词为除名词外的其他词性时，要考虑词性的转化形式，所以必须掌握好词性转化的一般性规则。如：invite邀请→invitation，differ不同→difference，develo
p发展→development。[典例](2019·石家庄市重点高中高三毕业班摸底考试)Actuallywithmy____________(confident)builtup,Inowturnouttobeagreatspeaker.[解析]考查词性转换。由空前的形容词性物主代词my可
知，此处用名词形式，即confidence。[答案]confidence[操作技法3]固定搭配问题如果没有提示词又确定填入名词时，此类填空往往是对固定搭配或固定词组的考查。如makeadifference，keepone'sword，geti
ntotrouble等，这些需要结合语境和词组的固定搭配寻找答案。[典例](2019·郑州一中入学摸底测试)Duringthattimeherfatherdiedandshehadtomovehometohelptake____________(careful
)ofhermother.[解析]考查固定搭配。根据固定搭配takecareof“照看，照顾”，故填care。[答案]care1．名词单复数看限定(1)不定冠词a，an后用名词单数形式。(2)有these,those,several,many
,all,both等词修饰时名词用复数形式。(3)名词前有oneof时用名词复数形式。2．名词判定看位置(1)形容词性物主代词、形容词、冠词、所有格、介词或及物动词(短语)后要用名词。(2)表示两个(或两个以上)的可数名词、`并列名词或谓语动词为复数形式时，名词需用复数形式。(3)
名词一般在句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。(4)作表语时，与主语构成同位关系一般用名词。step4刷题训练·练稳练准练速度Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2019·兰州高三模拟)Englishandmathareusuallysuch
coursesandoftenahistoryanda____________(scientific)coursearerequiredtoo.[解析]根据and前面是ahistory，故course前也应为名词，故填scie
nce。[答案]science2．(2019·大庆高三模拟)BeijingOperarolesrequireperformerstopainttheirfacesinpatternsandcolorstorepr
esentdifferentcharactertypesand____________(quality)．[解析]根据and前面是types，故应填quality的复数形式，故填qualities。[答案]qualit
ies3．(2019·成都高三模拟)Nearlyhalfofthehighschool________(graduate)inAmericagoontocollege.[解析]根据句意，应为“毕业生”，故应填gra
duates。[答案]graduates4．(2018·福建师大附中5月模拟)Aimingtocarryforwardthespiritofpeace,cooperation,opennessandinclusiveness(包容)forshar
edbenefitsthroughconcreteprojects,theNewSilkRoadhasalreadyreceivedawarmresponsefrommorethan60countriesandanumberofinternational________
____(organization)．[解析]空前由anumberof修饰，故应填organizations。[答案]organizations5．(2018·绵阳模拟)Her____________(willing)tostandupforjusticehas
beenaninspiration.[解析]空前有形容词性物主代词，故应填名词willingness。[答案]willingness6．(2018·双流中学模拟)The____________(invent)ofparkour(跑酷)can'tb
egiventoonepersonbecausemanypeoplehaveworkedonit.[解析]空前有定冠词the，故应填名词invention。[答案]invention7．(2018·双流中学模拟)Inthisway,parkourallowsonetodea
lwith____________(difficulty)indailylifeifheorshedealswiththemthroughparkour.[解析]根据句意“……处理日常生活中的困难”故应用复数形式，故填difficulties。[答案]difficulties8．(2019·佛山
高三模拟)Ifyouwakeuptoafire,youmaybeblindedandconfusedaboutwhereyouareorinwhich____________(direct)youshouldgo.[解析]此处考查固定短语inthedi
rection，故填direction。[答案]direction9．(2018·廊坊模拟)Perhapsyouwillbechoosingclasses,andtakingpartinother________
____(activity)．[解析]空前有other修饰，故应用activity的复数形式。[答案]activities10．(2018·南充模拟)However,inthe____________
(begin),onlythreecolorswereused—red,white,andblack.[解析]此处考查固定短语inthebeginning“起初，开始”，故用名词形式。[答案]beginning11．(20
18·广东东莞三调)WhenthedeadlypoisonwasfinallybroughttoSocrates,hisfriendswerein____________(tear),butSocratesse
emedtobethebravestmanintheroom.[解析]intears表示“眼含泪水”，固定搭配，故填tears。[答案]tears12．(2018·山东师大附中模拟)Buthismainconcernwasneverwithmakingmoneyorevenwithmakingsc
ientific____________(discover).Instead,hewasalwayssearchingfora____________(mean)forlife.[解析]第一个空，形容词scientific修饰可数名词discov
ery，空前没有不定冠词说明是复数。故填discoveries。第二个空，根据前面有不定冠词a，故判断这里用名词。故填meaning。[答案]discoveries;meaning13．(2018·保定模拟)Halfwaythroughhistalk,thespeakerst
oppedanddecidedtocreateagroup____________(act)．[解析]该空作create的宾语，应用名词。故该空填action。[答案]action14．(2018·辽宁大
连一模)The____________(operate)areoftenfriendlyandit'salsoconvenienttofindothertourists,whowanttocarpoolortraveltoget
hertocutcost.[解析]由句意可知，此处是表示人的名词作主语，且由系动词are，判断出主语应该用名词复数，故填operators。[答案]operators15．(2018·广东茂名五校联考)It
'sshowingthisSundaywith____________(perform)everyhourfrommiddayonwards,withthelastshowingat5o'clock,twohou
rsbeforethemuseumcloses.[解析]with为介词，后需跟名词或动名词，由句意可知此处表示“演出”，应用名词performance。故填performance。[答案]performanceⅡ.语篇语法填空(2019·四川眉山第一中学月
考)Carsaretooexpensiveformanypeoplearoundtheworld1.______________(own).Notonlythat,manycitiesarealreadyfulloft
raffic,andmanycountryareashaveroughroads.Sohowdopeopletravelthosedistances2.______________aretoofartowalk?Theyusepublictransportation.Ifyouride
thesubway3.______________bus,youcanappreciatesomeofthebenefitsofpublictransportation.Withmanypeople4.______________(share)onebusortrain,there
islesstrafficand,more5.____________(importance),lesspollution.Whichofthetypesofpublictransportation6.______________(describe)belowareyoufamiliarw
ith?Ifaregularbuscanholddozensofpeople,imagine7.______________abustwicethesizecanhold!InGreatBritain
,therearemanybusesthatareknownasdoubledeckers(carswithtwofloors)．BusesinHaitiareoftenverycrowded.It'snot
8.____________(common)forpassengerstoactuallysitontherooftops.Busesaresometimescalled“taptaps”，becausethe9.______________(ride)ontheroofta
pwhentheywanttobedroppedoff.Manylargecitiesaroundtheworldtakeadvantageofthespacebeneaththestreetsandrunundergroundtrains.PeopleinParis,
MexicoCityandTokyomayusethesubwaysystemtogettoschool,towork,ortovisitfriendsin10.______________neighborhoods.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，目前世界上主要的
公共交通工具是公交车和地铁，文章详细介绍了这两种公共交通工具并列举了一些城市对公共交通工具的利用。1．[解析]考查不定式复合结构。句意：对于世界上很多人来说拥有汽车太贵了。不定式复合结构为：for/ofsb.
todosth.，其中sb.是动作的发出者。故填toown。[答案]toown2．[解析]考查定语从句。本题定语从句的先行词是thosedistances，这是指物的先行词，所以要使用关系代词which/that指代，引导定
语从句并在句中作主语。故填that/which。[答案]that/which3．[解析]考查连词。句意：如果你乘坐地铁或公共汽车，你就能够享用公共交通的好处。在疑问句和条件句中通常使用or而不是and。故填or。[答案]or4．[解析]考查with复合结构。句意：很多
人共同使用一辆公交车或火车，交通流量会更少，更重要的是污染更少了。介词with的复合结构为“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”，本句中with的宾语manypeople与动词share构成主动关系，所以使用现在分词。故填sharing
。[答案]sharing5．[解析]考查副词。副词在句中通常作状语修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子。句意：很多人共同使用一辆公交车或火车，交通流量会更少，更重要的是污染更少了。本句中副词importantly
在句中作状语，故填importantly。[答案]importantly6．[解析]考查非谓语动词。本句中动词describe与publictransportation构成被动关系，所以使用过去分词短语describedbelow作定语修饰publictrans
portation。句意：下面描述的公共交通类型中哪一种是你所熟悉的？故填described。[答案]described7．[解析]考查宾语从句。本句中what引导从句作动词imagine的宾语，并在句中作动词hold的宾语。句意：如果常规的公共汽车能够容纳很多人，
想象一辆两倍尺寸的公交车能容纳多少人呢？故填what。[答案]what8．[解析]句意：海地的公交车通常非常拥挤，乘客坐在车顶上都是很常见的。根据上文中crowded，可知海地的公交车很拥挤，后句中使用双重否定表
示肯定，强调拥挤程度。故填uncommon。[答案]uncommon9．[解析]考查名词。句中谓语动词tap前面是主语，tap是复数形式，说明主语应该使用ride的名词rider的复数形式riders。故填riders。[答案]riders10．[解析]考查形容词。句意：在巴黎、墨西哥和东京，人们
经常乘坐地铁上学、上班或去其他社区看望朋友。句中形容词other作定语修饰名词neighborhoods。故填other。[答案]other专题强化训练(二)Ⅰ.语法填空A(2019·陕西省渭南中学第五次质量检测)Shawn'sSaturday“Hey,Dad!”Shawnshouted,“I
'mgoingtoplaybasketballwithPeter！”Shawn'sdadcameintothekitchen,“Haveyoufinished1.______________(clean)thegarage？”Shawntriedtodecidewhethertoadmi
tthe2.______________(true).Hisdadwouldnoticethegaragehadn'tbeencleaned,3.____________Shawnwantedtoplaybasketball.Shawn'sdadunderstoodhissil
ence.“Youhaven'tevenstarted,haveyou?Youpromisedyou'dtakecareof4.______________firstthingthismorning.”Shawncomplaine
d,“WhydoIhavetocleanthegarage,anyway？”“Becauseyousaidyouwould,andyouneedtofollowthroughwith5.______________yousay.”“ButDad，”Shawnprotested,“Ip
romisedPeter.”Soon,hisdad'sfacelit6.______________.“Let'sgoouttothegarageforaminute.”7．____________(puzzle),Shawnfollowedhisf
atherintothegarage.Hisdadpointedtothedull,graycementwalls.“WhatifyouaskPetertocomeoverhere?IfyouandPetercle
anupthoroughly,thenyoucanpaint8.____________(picture)onthosetwowalls.”“Whataboutplayingbasketball?Peter9.______________(wait)for
me.”Hisdadsaidthoughtfully,“IfPeterstaysovertonight,thenIwilldriveyoutwoovertoplaybasketballaftersupper.
”“Canweorderpizza？”“10.______________(absolute)！”hisdadgrinned.ShawnracedbackintothekitchentocallPete.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了爸爸教育儿
子做事要坚持到底。1．[解析]考查非谓语动词。finish后加动词时应该是ing形式。句意：你把车库打扫完了吗？故填cleaning。[答案]cleaning2．[解析]考查名词。the后面应该加名词形式。句
意：肖恩试图决定是否承认事实。故填truth。[答案]truth3．[解析]考查连词。根据无提示词的做题规律，此处可以排除冠词、代词、介词，故只能填连词。而上下文出现了转折，故此处填but。句意：他的父亲会注意到车库没有被打
扫过，但是肖恩想打篮球。故填but。[答案]but4．[解析]考查代词。takecareof后缺宾语，故只能用代词it指代前文出现过的事物。句意：你答应过今天早上第一件事要处理的。故填it。[答案]it5．[解析]考查宾语从句。宾语从句中
缺少宾语，填what，代表所说的内容。句意：你必须坚持你所说的。故填what。[答案]what6．[解析]考查副词。短语lightup，本意是“容光焕发”，本文段中应理解为肖恩父亲心中有另外的想法，所以“脸色一变”。句意：很
快，他爸爸脸色一变。故填up。[答案]up7．[解析]考查非谓语动词。过去分词作状语，表示人“感到迷惑的”。句意：肖恩迷惑不解地跟着父亲走进车库。故填Puzzled。[答案]Puzzled8．[解析]考查名词的单复数。此处应填名词，再根据文意，picture不只有一副，故填复数形式。句意：然
后你可以在这两堵墙上画画。故填pictures。[答案]pictures9．[解析]考查时态。当事人说话的当下，应该用现在进行时，表示Peter此刻正在等“我”。句意：彼得正在等我。故填iswaiting。[答案]iswaiting10．[解析
]考查副词。这里作为感叹词。句意：“一点儿不错！”他的爸爸咧嘴笑了。故填Absolutely。[答案]AbsolutelyB(2019·山西应县第一中学月考)Inrecentyears,manyoriginalCh
inesechildren'snovelsandpicturebooks,withmovingstoriesandChineseelements,1.____________(reach)greatheightsintheinternationalmarkets.Chil
dren'sbookshaveclocked7.3millionvolumes,2.____________(account)for50.33percentofallbooksexported.Threefactorsha
ve3.____________(great)contributedtothe4.____________(grow):thedepthofthestory,traditionalChineseelementsandemotionsofthecharacters.Themean
ingofchildren'sbooksliesinconveyingtheprofoundconnotation(内涵)behindthestory.Throughtheuniqueinterpretationofthehu
manityandtheenvironment,5.____________(write)sharethesamefeelingswithChineseandWesternreaders.CaoWenxuan,6.___
_________isthewriterofBronzeandSunflower,evenwonHansChristianAndersenAward.TheEnglishversionofthebook
waspublishedin2015byaBritishcompany,7.____________republishedin2017.Itwasincludedin“thevoiceoftheworld—theworld's8.____________(beautiful)nov
elseries”．Thebooktellsthestoryofthegrowingrelationship9.____________acitygirl,Sunflower,andacountryboy,Bronze.Theaut
hordisplaystheextremestruggleofthecharactersin10.____________faceofhardship,anddescribesthetrue,thegoodandthebeautifulin
humannaturewithvigor(活力)andwarmth.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。近年来，许多中国的儿童的小说和图画书含有中国元素，在国际市场上得到了很高的认识度。有三个因素极大地促进了这种增
长：故事的深度、中国传统元素和人物的情感。本文介绍了作家曹文轩及他的获奖作品BronzeandSunflower。1．[解析]考查时态。根据Inrecentyears，可知句子用现在完成时态，句子主语是manyoriginalChinesechildren'snovelsandp
icturebooks，所以谓语动词用复数形式，故填havereached。[答案]havereached2．[解析]考查现在分词。句意：儿童书籍的销量达到730万册，占所有图书出口的50.33%。此处是现在分词作伴随状语，故填accounting。[答案]accounting
3．[解析]考查副词。句意：有三个因素极大地促进了经济增长。此处contribute是动词，副词修饰动词，故填greatly。[答案]greatly4．[解析]考查名词。句意：有三个因素极大地促进了经济增长。定冠词the用在名词前面，故填growth。[答案]growth5．[解析]考查名词复数。
句意：通过对人文和环境的独特解读，作家们与中国和西方读者有着同样的感受。结合句意可知此处用名词复数，故填writers。[答案]writers6．[解析]考查非限制性定语从句。句意：曹文轩是Bronze和Sunflower这两本书的作者，赢得了安徒生奖。此处CaoWenxuan是先
行词，指人，后面的定语从句缺少主语，故填who。[答案]who7．[解析]考查并列连词。句意：这本书的英文版于2015年由一家英国公司出版，并于2017年再版。此处表示递进的并列关系，故填and。[答案]and8．[解析]考查最高级。句意：它被收录在“世界之声——世界上最美丽的小说系列”中。可知此
处用形容词最高级，故填mostbeautiful。[答案]mostbeautiful9．[解析]考查介词。句意：这本书讲述了一个城市女孩和一名乡村男孩之间的故事。between...and...，两者之间，故填between。[答案]
between10．[解析]考查固定搭配。句意：作者展示了面对苦难人物的极端斗争，并用活力和热情描述了人性的真实、善良和美丽。inthefaceof“面对着……”，故填the。[答案]theⅡ.短文改错
A(2019·山东枣庄第八中学考前预测)IamwritingtotellyousomethingaboutthetransportationinChina.Overthepastfewdecadeswehaddevelopedanamazingnetworkofpublictransport
ation.Beside,wehavebeendecidedtomakeeffortstomakethemmuchbetter.Iamsureanetworkwillsatisfyyourneedsfortravelingeverywheremorecon
venient.Peopleusuallychoosethemeansoftransportationbasedwithsomeaspects,suchasthecostsandthetimeneeding.Forexample,businessmenaremorelikelytr
avelbyplaneorhighspeedtraintosavetimewhileofficeworkertendtotakebusesordrivetoworkthemselves.Ibelieveyo
uwillquicklyfigureoutwhentogetaroundonceyouareinChina.[答案]IamwritingtotellyousomethingaboutthetransportationinChina.Overthepastfewdecadeswehadha
vedevelopedanamazingnetworkofpublictransportation.BesideBesides，wehavebeen＼decidedtomakeeffortstomakethemitmuchbetter.Iamsureathenetworkwillsatisfyy
ourneedsfortravelingeverywheremoreconvenient.Peopleusuallychoosethemeansoftransportationbasedwithonsomeaspects
,suchasthecostsandthetimeneedingneeded.Forexample,businessmenaremorelikely∧totravelbyplaneorhighspeedtraintosavetimewhileofficew
orkerworkerstendtotakebusesordrivetoworkthemselves.IbelieveyouwillquicklyfigureoutwhenhowtogetaroundonceyouareinChina.B(2019·贵州安顺市高中期末)Duringm
yprocessofgrowup,seniorhighschoollifeismostwonderful.Theteachersgiveexcellentlessonsonaspecialway.Allofthem
haverichknowledge.Theynotonlyexplainthecontentsoftextbooksandalsoprovideextrainformationfrommanyotheraspect.Ev
erywordtheysayitinclassmakesmefeelexciting.IhaveastrongdesiretolearnasmuchasIcan.Therearedifferentafterschoolactivitieswhatareo
rganizedbyus.Weoftensharedalotofthingstogether.Iamabsolutefondofmyseniorschoollife.[答案]Duringmyprocessofgrowgrowingup,seniorhighschoollifeis∧themo
stwonderful.Theteachersgiveexcellentlessonsoninaspecialway.Allofthemhaverichknowledge.Theynotonlyexplainthecontentsoftextbook
sandbutalsoprovideextrainformationfrommanyotheraspectaspects.Everywordtheysayit＼inclassmakesmefeelex
citingexcited.IhaveastrongdesiretolearnasmuchasIcan.Therearedifferentafterschoolactivitieswhatwhich/thatareorganizedbyus.
Weoftensharedsharealotofthingstogether.Iamabsoluteabsolutelyfondofmyseniorschoollife.Ⅲ.阅读理解(2019·广西六市联合调研)TheIceandSnowFe
stivalHighlightsItwillfalluponJanuary1st,2019andlasttilltheearlyMarch,2019,Basedonthethemeof“BrightPearloftheCrownofIceandSnow”，avarietyofactivi
tiesabouticeandsnow,concerningtourism,culture,fashionandsport,willbeopentoalltourists.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。短文介绍了哈尔滨冰雪旅游节的相关信
息。1．Wherecanyougotoseecollegestudents'snowsculptureworks?A．HarbinEngineeringUniversity.B．People'sStadium.C．SunIslandScenicArea.D．FriendshipPalace.[解析
]细节理解题。由Art的“HarbinEngineeringUniversity”可知，第十一届国际大学生雪雕大赛将于1月4日～7日在哈尔滨工程大学举行。所以你可以去哈尔滨工程大学看大学生的雪雕作品。故选A。[答案]A2．Whoi
sthe31stSunIslandSnowSculptureArtExpositionintendedfor?A．Newlymarriedcouples.B．Theold.C．Collegestudents.D．Theyoung.[解析]细节理解题。由Touri
sm中的“The31stSunIslandSnowSculptureArtExpositionforseniorpeople”可知，第31届太阳岛老年人雪雕艺术博览会于2月5日～10日在太阳岛景区举行。所以，第31届太阳岛雪雕艺术博览会是专为老年人举办的。故选B。[答案]B3．W
hicheventwilllastthelongesttime?A．2019NewYearConcert.B．The30thHundredFlowerDanceContest.C．The35thGroupWeddingCeremony
ontheIce.D．InternationalWinterSwimmingInvitingCompetition.[解析]细节理解题。由Sport中的“Jan.1stfortrailoperationandofficiallyopeningonJan.
5th,tilltheearlyMar.”可知，国际冬季游泳邀请赛在1月1日试运行，1月5日正式开放至3月初，所以国际冬季游泳邀请赛持续的时间最长。故D选项正确。[答案]DⅣ.七选五阅读填空(2019·甘肃天水第一中
学第五次质量检测)Ifyou'releadingagroupofpeopletowardssuccess,youmustlearnhowtomotivateothers.Tryoneormoreofthefollowingwaysofmotivatingpeople.Treat
peoplekindly.Asaleader,youneedtotreatothershelpingyouwiththeutmostrespectandkindness.____1____Youmightnotknowit,butit'sabigmotivati
onboosterwhenpeoplearetreatedright.Peopleenjoyknowingwhenthey'redoingagoodjobandenjoyworkingwithpeoplethat
treatthemwithkindness.2____Whenpeoplearefullyresponsible,they'llbemorelikelytofindthemotivationtocompletethetas
k.Thisisbecause,asapartofagroup,theymaynotfeelliketheirhardworkmatters,butwhenthey'reresponsibleitcertainlymatters.Theyalsoknowthattheymakeadifferen
cetothesuccessoftheproject.Beagoodlistener.Noonelikestofeelliketheydon'tmatter.Havingthefinalsaydoesn'tmeanthatyouneedn'tgetanyhelpwithimportantdecis
ionmaking.____3____Alwayskeepanopenearandyou'llbemotivatingyourteamtocomeupwithgoodsolutionsandcreativeideas.Setrealisticgoals.Thinklon
gandhardabouthowyourgoalsettingabilitiescanteachyoutomotivateothers.Youdon'twanttosetgoalsthataretooeasy.Yourteammightr
eachthemquicklybuttheywon'tbepushedtobecomethebesttheycanbe.____4____Yourteamwillquicklylosemotivationbecausethey'llnevergetthefeelingofhavingm
ettheirgoals.Gettoknowyourpeople.Keeplinesofcommunicationopenandgettoknowyourteambypayingattentiontotheirwants,needs,strengthsandweaknesses.
____5____Sothey'llcertainlybemoremotivatedtoworkhardforsomebodythatcaresaboutthem.A．Offeranicecleanworkingenvironment.B．Give
peopleresponsibility.C．Peopleenjoyfeelinglikethey'remakingadifference.D．Peoplearesmartandtheywillknowwhentheyhaveal
eaderthatcaresandaleaderthatdoesn't.E．Handoutpraisewhenit'snecessary.F．Atrustworthyneighboralsoprovidesasafeplacetorunincaseofafire.G．Meanwhile,y
oudon'twanttosetgoalsthatareimpossibletoachieve,either.语篇解读：本文一篇说明文。主要介绍了作为领导，激励他人努力工作和学习的五条实用的建议。1．[解析]根据本段最后一句Peopleenjoyknowingwhenthey'redoin
gagoodjobandenjoyworkingwithpeoplethattreatthemwithkindness.可知人们喜欢知道他们表现很好，也就是说喜欢受到表扬，故E项Handoutpraisewhenit'snecessary.(必要的时候表扬别人)，符合上下文语境。故选E。
[答案]E2．[解析]根据横线后一句Whenpeoplearefullyresponsible，they'llbemorelikelytofindthemotivationtocompletethetask.可知当人们有责任心的时候，他们会更有
动力去完成自己的任务，故B项Givepeopleresponsibility.(给予人们责任)，符合上下文语境，故选B。[答案]B3．[解析]根据本段第二句Noonelikestofeelliketheydon'tmatt
er.(没有人喜欢他们不受重视的那种感觉)，因此推断每个人都喜欢自己受重视的那种感觉，故选C。[答案]C4．[解析]根据本段第一句Setrealisticgoals(设立现实的目标)，可知我们设立的目标必须是能够实现的目标
，不能过难也不能过于容易。G项Meanwhile，youdon'twanttosetgoalsthatareimpossibletoachieve，either.(同时，你也不想设定不可能实现的目标)，这与本段中心思想一致，故选G。[答案
]G5．[解析]根据横线前句Keeplinesofcommunicationopenandgettoknowyourteambypayingattentiontotheirwants，needs，strengthsandweaknesses.(要了解你的队友的需要及他们的优势
和劣势。)也就是说要让人们知道他们有一个很体贴的领导人，这样他们才会更加努力地工作。D项Peoplearesmartandtheywillknowwhentheyhavealeaderthatcaresandaleaderthatdoesn't.(人们会知道他们有一个体贴的领
导者)，符合上下文语境。故选D。[答案]D
