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第2节代词Step1典题感悟·高考名题这样考考查角度1人称代词、物主代词、反身代词1.(2019·北京卷)IknowIwillwhisperto____________(I)thetwosimplewords“Beyourself”.[解析]考查代词。句意:我知道我将轻声对自己说两
个简单的字“Beyourself”。本句的主语是I,当宾语与主语是同一人称时,宾语要用反身代词。故填myself。[答案]myself2.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachothe
r,Iwasjustgladtofind____________(they)alive.[解析]考查代词。这里用them指代上文的thegorillas。[答案]them3.(2017·浙江卷)Pahlssonscreamedsoloudlythatherdaughtercame
runningfromthehouse.“ShethoughtIhadhurt____________(I),”saysPahlsson.[解析]考查代词。此处表示她以为我伤着自己了。选择代词时要注意代词的功能及意义。根据句意可知,此处用反身代词mys
elf。当句子的主语和动词的宾语指相同的人时,一般用反身代词。[答案]myself考查角度2it的用法4.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetth
esamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive____________atry.[解析]考查固定搭配。giveitatry为固定搭配,意为“试一试”,根据语境可知,it指代running,故可填it或running。
[答案]it/running5.(2018·浙江卷)Manywesternerswho/thatcometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheap__
__________canbetoeatout.[解析]考查代词。此处应用it作形式主语,真正的主语是toeatout。[答案]it6.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)However,therailwayquickl
yprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusing____________everyday.[解析]考查代词。句意:然而,该地铁很快被证明是巨大的
成功,在六个月内,每天超过25000人使用它。根据语境可知,此处应用it指代文中的therailway。[答案]it考查角度3不定代词、替代词7.(2019·天津卷)Astudyshowsthestu
dentswhoareengagedinafterschoolactivitiesarehappierthan____________whoarenot.[解析]考查代词。句意:一项研究表明,参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更开心。空格处代词与thestudents是对应关系,可以用t
heones或者those替代。[答案]theones/those8.(2016·浙江卷改编)Inmanyways,theeducationsystemintheUSisnotverydifferentfrom____________intheU
K.[解析]考查代词。that用来替代前面的theeducationsystem,故用that。[答案]thatStep2知识储备·抓重破难补短板一、人称代词的用法1.人称代词的主格I,you,he,she,
it,we和they在句中作主语,宾格me,you,him,her,it,us和them在句中作动词或介词的宾语。①(2019·考试大纲调研卷)Asisknowntoall,illnessesalwa
ysbringpainsandsufferingstohumans,butdoctorscanhelpusgetridofit.____________[答案]it→them②(2019·惠州第一次调研考试)After
manyattempts,wedugsholesandputseedlingsintoit.____________[答案]it→them2.下列情况常用宾格代替主格(1)在非正式英语尤其是口语中,人称代词在be后作表语时。
如:It'sme.(2)单独使用或在带not的简略回答中。如:Me!(Notme!)(3)感叹句或省略句中。如:Whyme?③(2019·成都市高中毕业班摸底测试)ItwasmybirthdayandIwaslookingforwardtoseeingmyfriends.Idecidedtowai
tforhimpatiently.____________[答案]him→them④(2019·陕西省部分学校第一学期摸底检测)Ihavebeengettingmybirthdaypresentsbutnoneofwhichhavebeenremarkablesofar
.____________[答案]which→them二、形容词性物主代词及名词性物主代词形容词性物主代词my,your,his,her,its,our,their只能在名词前作定语。如果名词前有形容词性物主代词,则
不能再使用冠词(a,an,the)或指示代词(this,that,these,those)修饰此名词。名词性物主代词mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,theirs相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,在句中作主语、宾语、表语或与of连用
作后置定语,但不能单独作定语。⑤(2019·合肥市调研性检测)Atnoon,weallhadtosaygoodbyetothem.Andtheywereextremelygratefultousfortheirvisit.____________[答案]the
ir→our⑥(2019·辽宁省五校协作体联合模拟考试)Whatdoyouthinkofmysuggestion?Lookingforwardtoyoureply.____________[答案]第二个you→your三
、指示代词的用法指示代词有this,that,these,those等。注意this,these是时间或空间上的“近指”,可与here连用;that,those是时间或空间上的“远指”,可与there连
用。⑦(2018·原创卷)Hehasbeenplanningtodothiscreativepaintingsforsometime,andisgladthatsomanypeopleliketheirstyle.____________[答案]this→t
hese四、反身代词的用法反身代词在句子中可以作enjoy,teach,hurt,buy,introduce等动词和by,for,to等介词的宾语,还可以作主语或宾语的同位语,可译作“亲自,本人”,但不能作主语。反身代词的常用搭配:byones
elf独自,单独calloneself自称enjoyoneself过得愉快helponeselfto随便吃loseoneselfin沉迷于teachoneself自学tooneself独自占用ofon
eself自动地⑧(2019·南昌市重点中学高三段考)Theotherday,someofmyclassmatesandItookabicycletripalongthe“RenminRoad”,whichwasspeciall
ybuiltforpeopletorelaxourselves.____________[答案]ourselves→themselves五、替代词和不定代词1.替代词that,one与itthat可以指代前面出现过的不可数名词或单数可数名词。指代单数可数名词相当于theo
ne。其复数形式为those,相当于theonesone指代前面出现过的那类事物中的“一个”,其复数形式为onesit特指前面提到过的同一个人或者物⑨(2019·绵阳高中第一次诊断性考试)Foreachonemeal,Ieatquit
ealot,butIdon'tactuallyriskanyhealthproblem.____________[答案]去掉one2.不定代词both,all,either,any,neither,none
都任何一个都不(全部否定)部分否定两者botheitherneither=noteitherboth和not连用三者或三者以上allanynone=notanyall和not连用⑩(2018·广州市高三调研)Judgingbythefactthatth
erewasnoleft,Ithinkthatourteamdidagreatjob.____________[答案]no→none/nothing3.不定代词theother,other,another,otherstheother可单独使用,特指两个人或物中的“另一个”
,也可修饰名词表示“另外的……”other不能单独使用,只能修饰名词,表示泛指意义another可单独使用,也可修饰名词,泛指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“另一个”,代替或修饰单数可数名词。另外another后可接“基数词/
few+复数名词”形式,表示“另外的……(多少)”others单独使用,表示泛指意义,意为“其他的人或事物”,常与some一起出现;特指“其他的全部人或事物”时用theothers⑪(2019·江西省三名校联考)Organicfarmingis_
___________risingtrendthatisappearingintheUK.[答案]another六、it的用法1.it可指代前面提到的同一个人或物,也可指代不清楚或没必要知道性别的说话对象,还指代环境、情形、时间、地点、距离、天气、季节、
度量衡单位等。⑫(2019·郑州市高中第三次质量预测)Somestudentscutpotatoesintopieces,somedugholesandtheothersputthepiecesofpotatoesintotheholes,puttheearth
backandpushedthemdownhard.____________[答案]them→it2.it可作形式主语或形式宾语,用来指代不定式、动词ing形式或从句,而把真正的主语或宾语后置。⑬(2019·郑州市高中第一次质量预测)Although____________isnoty
etclearhowtheDubaiprojectwillbeabletosecureenoughfreshwatertodiluteseawaterforlargescalericeplanting,Chinesescientistshavealreadys
tartedgrowingitclosertohomeonacommercialscale.[答案]it3.表示“喜欢、恨”等心理方面的动词后面接it,构成一些固定结构,这类动词有like,love,hate,d
islike,appreciate等。⑭(2019·武汉部分学校调研测试)Iwillappreciateifyouletmeknowwhatyouhavedonetosolvetheproblem.___
_________[答案]appreciate后加it4.it常用于一些固定搭配中,如Itisnowonderthat“难怪……”;makeit“成功;确定时间为……”;Whenitcomesto...“当提到……”等
。⑮(2019·太原市第一学期考试)____________isclaimedthatconsiderationofothersandhighlevelsofmanagementarerequired.[答案]ItSte
p3增分攻略·献计献策献妙招确保代词不失误,下列忠告要记住:一思人称你我他,二思所指单复数,三思反身代词法,再思名词为谁物。it用法归句型,不定代词两边述。[操作技法1]确定“格”如果有提示词,重点考虑两个方面,如果后面没有被修饰名词,重点考虑主格、宾语或反身代词;若后面有修饰语,则要考
虑形容词性物主代词。[典例](2019·南昌市第三次模拟测试)Thequietguidewasnotourleader,butonlythepersonwhosesensitivitywasmoredevelopedt
han____________(we).[解析]考查代词。空处与“whosesensitivity”呼应,故此处用名词性物主代词作宾语。[答案]ours[操作技法2]不定代词或it的用法不定代词往往出现在比较句、对比句以及转
折句当中,而it则出现在固定的句子结构中。[典例](2019·沈阳市高中教学质量监测)___________isalsogoodtolimittheamountoftimeexposedtonoiseandtotake
listeningbreakstogivetheearsarest.[解析]考查代词。It+系动词+形容词+todosth.是固定句型,it作形式主语,不定式作真正的主语,故填It。[答案]It[操作技法3]代词固定搭配、固定句式要记全在语法填空题中,某些是对代词固定句式的考查,平时一
定要注意积累关于代词的某些固定搭配和固定句式,在做题时灵活、准确的应用。[典例](2019·洛阳市第一次统考)Thetourguidetoldustherewerealmost8,700roomsinthePalaceMuseum.D
uringtheMingDynasty,constructionbeganin1406.________took14yearstobuildtheForbiddenCity.[解析]考查代词固定句,Ittakes(sb.)sometimet
odosth.故填It.[答案]It[操作技法4]代词it用法灵活,句式结构不会分析it用作形式主语或形式宾语,而把真正的主语或宾语放在后面,真正的主语或宾语往往由从句、动名词、不定式充当。[典例](2019·河北唐山一次调研)Ire
alized________wasfoolishtojudgeAlthatway.[解析]句意:我意识到那样判断阿尔是愚蠢的。设空处需用it作形式主语,本句中的“tojudgeAlthatway”为真正的主语。故填it。[答案]it1.代词
选用前后看(1)it可用来指代前面提到的同一个物体;固定搭配,如makeit(成功),assb.putsit(正如某人所说)。(2)语境中给出两个选择的情况:二者选其一,用either;二者都不选,用neither;二
者都选,用both。(3)表示其他或另外的情况:若表示“另外一个”,即暗指除这个之外的另一个,用another;other和others表示不确定意义,其中other可以修饰名词,而others后不能接名词,两者的关系可描述为:others=other
+复数名词。2.代词使用看结构it用作形式主语或形式宾语,而把真正的主语或宾语放在后面,真正的主语或宾语往往由从句、动名词、不定式充当。step4刷题训练·练稳练准练速度Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.(2019·抚州高三模拟)That'swhyIdon'tdriveanyw
hereuntil____________(I)isontight.[解析]此处表示mycar=mine。故填mine。[答案]mine2.(2019·遵义高三模拟)Aftertryingeverything,thekingthought
to____________(he),“MaybeIneedsomeonewhoknowsmoreaboutthecountrysidetosolvetheproblem.”[解析]考查固定短语thinktooneself“自己想”,故用himself
。[答案]himself3.(2019·石家庄高三质检)Atanearbycoffeeshop,____________(it)ownerscannedaQRcodeonmyphone.[解析]根据空后为owner,名词,故应用形容词性物主代词修饰,故填its。[答案]its4
.(2019·鄂州高三模拟)Chinaisoneoftheworld'soldestcivilizations.____________isastatelocatedinEastAsia.[解析]此处用it指代前面提到的同一事物,故用代词It。[答案]It5.(20
18·黄冈模拟)Wheneverguestsvisit,____________isnecessarytomakeandserveteatothem.[解析]此处考查固定句式itis+adj.+todosth.,it为形式主语,故用it。[答案]it6.(2018·南昌模拟)Healsoem
phasizedthatthesystem____________(it)isnotconnectedtoacloudserver,buttoalocalserver,inordertopreventunauthorizedaccesstothedata.[解析]此处表示
thesystem本身,故用反身代词,故填itself。[答案]itself7.(2018·柳州模拟)____________iswell-knownthatthenovelwaswrittenbyLouis
Cha,betterknownbyhispenname,JinYong.[解析]此处考查句式“Itiswell-knownthat...众所周知的是……”其中It为形式主语。[答案]It8.(2018·南阳模拟)HeaskedmewhetherIwouldbeinte
restedindoingaparttimejobinoneof____________(they)leadinghotels.[解析]leadinghotels为名词短语,故应用形容词性物主代词修饰,故填their。[答案]their9.(2018·莆田模拟)Inthetemplefa
iryoucantastenumerouskindsoflocalsnacks,courtfoodandsome____________dishes.[解析]someotherdishes表示“一些其他的菜”,other+复数名词,故应用other。[答案]other10.(2019·原创卷)T
hefullmoonsonJan.2andJan.31willbesuper____________(one)andeventhey'llbebluesupermoons,whichmeansthesecondfullmooninasinglemonth.[解析]ones用来代替前面
提到过的可数名词复数moons,故填ones。[答案]ones11.(2018·江苏扬州中学检测)Achildshouldbereceivingeithermeatoreggsdaily,preferably____________.[解析]句意为:孩子应该每日食用肉类或蛋类,最
好两种都吃。根据语境判断是“两者都”,故填both。[答案]both12.(2019·创新题)Wemayliketothinkof____________(we)moreimportantthanoth
ers,butourhappinesssometimesliesinthehappinessofotherpeople.[解析]句意为:我们可能认为我们自己比别人更重要……。该空作thinkof的宾语,且表示“我们自己”,故
该空应填反身代词ourselves。[答案]ourselves13.(2018·北京101中学一模)—Thereisstillacopyofthebookinthelibrary.Willyougoandborrow____________?—No,I'drathe
rbuy____________inthebookstore.[解析]it特指上文提到过的具体的某物;one指上文提到过的同类事物中的一个,是泛指。第一个空指的是图书馆的那本书,指的是同一本书,故用it;第二个空指的是去书店买一本和那本一样的书。[答案]it;one14.(201
9·内蒙古预测)Equippedwithmodernfacilities,today'shospitalsarequitedifferentfrom____________ofthepast.[解析]用those指代上
文中出现的复数名词hospitals,故填those。[答案]those15.(2018·内蒙古包头一模)InZhangjiajiearea,HuanglongdongandLongwangdongarecavesknownformanynaturalrockform
ationsand____________(they)undergroundcataracts(急流).[解析]根据后面的名词cataracts可知,这里用they的形容词性物主代词their。[答案]theirⅡ.语篇语法填空(2019·甘肃兰州第一中学
期中考试)Believeitornot,haveyouevernoticedthatyoufeelhappierandmorerelaxedafteryoueatbread,pastaorfruit?Doyoufindthatyouaremor
eenergeticandawakeaftereatingyogurtorbeans?Thesethingsarenotaccidents.Foodaffect1.______________wefeelmorethanwethin
k.Scientistsresearching2.______________(it)effectonourmoodsarebeginningtounderstandthatwecaninfluenceourf
eelingswithwhatweeat.Althoughourmoodsrelates3.______________havingvariousfoods,itisnotquiteassimpleaschoosingthefoodsfortheright
occasions.Ifthat4.______________(be)thecase,athleteswouldnoteatalotofcarbohydratesbeforearace.Anotherchemical5.____________
(connect)withourmoodiscaffeine,which6.____________(find)incoffee,chocolateandmanytypesoftea,isperhaps7.____________worstthingyoucanhavewhenyouaref
eelingstressed.Ofcourse,8.____________(enjoy)anicemealwithfriends,whateverweeat,canalsoimpactourspirits.Beingwith
friendsandfamilyplaysabigpartinexperiencinghappiness.Most9.______________(important),though,rememberthefollowin
goldrule:trytoeatdifferentfood,10.______________nottoomuch.语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。我们所吃的食物会对我们的情绪有影响。因此,我们要尝试吃不同的食物,但是不要吃太多。1.[解析]考查宾语从句。分析该句结构可知,空
处引导宾语从句。由“wefeelmorethanwethink”可知后面的宾语从句不缺成分。结合语境可以判断,应用疑问副词how引导该从句。[答案]how2.[解析]考查代词。由名词effect可知,应该用形容词性物主代词its。[答案]its3.[解析
]考查动词短语。relateto为固定搭配,意为“和……有关系”。故填to。[答案]to4.[解析]考查虚拟语气。根据该句中的“athleteswouldnoteatalotofcarbohydratesbeforearace”可知该句为虚拟语气,表示现在情况的虚拟。与现在事实相反的虚拟语
气,if从句要用一般过去时,be动词要用were。故从句谓语动词用过去式were。[答案]were5.[解析]考查过去分词。句意:另一种与我们的情绪联系在一起的化学物质是咖啡因,分析句子可知,本句的主语是
chemical,而connectwithourmood作它的定语,chemical和connect为动宾关系,故用过去分词短语作后置定语。因此填connected。[答案]connected6.[解析]考查动词时态和语态。分析句子可知,此处which引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为ca
ffeine,它和find之间是动宾关系,故用被动语态。此处是对客观情况的描述,应用一般现在时。因此填isfound。[答案]isfound7.[解析]考查定冠词。根据空后的形容词最高级worst,形容词最高级前要用定冠
词the,因此本空应用the。[答案]the8.[解析]考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知,本空是作主语的,因此可以用动词ing形式或不定式作主语,因此此处可填enjoying/toenjoy。[答案]
enjoying/toenjoy9.[解析]考查固定短语。mostimportantly为固定用法,意为“最重要的是”,在句中一般作状语。故用副词形式importantly。[答案]importantly10.[解析]考查连词。根据语境可知,本句句意为“尝试吃
不同的食物,但是不要吃太多”。根据语境可知,表示转折的可用but/yet。[答案]but/yet专题强化训练(三)Ⅰ.语法填空A(2019·广西桂林第十八中学月考)Carryisafellowstudentofmine.Hesuffersfromcerebra
lpalsy(大脑性麻痹),whichmakesitalmostimpossibleforhimtocontrolhismovements.Asaresult,hespendshislifeinawheelchairandcannotwrite1.______________meanso
fapenorpencil.Andhespeakssoslowlyandstrangely2.______________ittakespatiencetounderstandwhatheissaying.This,togetherwithhisthin,twistedbodyandawkward
3.______________(face)expressions,canoftencausepeopletotreathimasifhewereabackwardchild.However,behindhisphysical4.______________(appear),Carryis
awarm,funloving,intelligentperson.Hismuscles5.______________(affect),nothismindorpersonality.Heenjoysthesamethinganystudentdoes,6.______________(l
isten)tomusic,meetingfriendsandsoon,andhenotisthebeststudentinourclass,butalsohas7.____________excell
entsenseofhumourandagenuineinterestinotherpeople.Unabletoexpresshimself8.____________(easy)inconversation,heusesaspecialtypewritertowriteletterstohis
friends,andbeautiful9.______________(poem).Helivesaveryregularlife,studyingeverydayandneverallowing10.______________(he)tofallbehindinhisschoolwork.语
篇解读:本文属于记叙文。介绍Carry虽然身体残疾,但是却积极向上、乐于助人。1.[解析]考查介词。句意:因此,他一生都要在轮椅上度过,也不能用笔写字。本句为固定短语bymeansof“用……方法”,故用by。[答案]by2.[解析]考查状语从句
。句意:他说话很慢,很奇怪,因此需要耐心弄明白他的意思。本句为固定结构so...that“如此……以至于”,故用that。[答案]that3.[解析]考查形容词。句意:连同他那瘦弱变形的躯干,以及可怕的面部表情。
修饰名词expression用形容词,故用facial。[答案]facial4.[解析]考查名词。句意:在身体外貌后面,他是一个温暖、搞笑又聪明的人。由于有形容词physical修饰,故用名词appearance。[答案]appearance5.
[解析]考查被动语态。句意:他的肌肉受到影响,但是心灵和智力没有。分析句子可知,affect在句中作谓语,与其主语muscles为动宾关系,故用被动语态,因而用areaffected。[答案]areaffected6.[解析]考查非谓语动词
。句意:他喜欢做其他学生都喜欢做的事情,比如听音乐、跟朋友见面。分析句子可知,listen在句中作非谓语,与其逻辑主语为主动关系,故用动名词形式listening。[答案]listening7.[解析]考查冠词。句意:他不仅是班上最优秀的学生,还有极好
的幽默感,对其他人也很感兴趣。sense为可数名词,由于用excellent修饰,故用不定冠词an。[答案]an8.[解析]考查副词。句意:不能很容易地用言语表达自己。分析句子可知,修饰express用副词,故用e
asily。[答案]easily9.[解析]考查名词。句意:他用一台特别的打字机给朋友写信、写诗。根据文章可知,poem为可数名词,故用其复数名词poems。[答案]poems10.[解析]考查反身代词。句意:他每天过的很规律,每天都在学习,从不允许自己在作业方
面落后于别人。分析句子可知,本句主语he,他不允许自己落后,故用反身代词himself。[答案]himselfB(2019·贵州遵义航天高级中学五模)Thegiantpanda1.______________(love)bypeoplethroughouttheworld.Chinesesci
entists2.______________(recent)hadachancetostudyawildfemalepandawithanewbornbaby.Shewasavery3.______________(care)mother.For25days
,sheneverleftherbaby,noteventofindsomething4.______________(eat)!Shewouldnotletanyotherpandascomenear.Shelickedthebabyconstantlytokeepitc
lean.Anysmellmightattractnatural5.______________(enemy)thatwouldtrytoeatthelittlecomfortingpats.Themot
herheldthebabyinherfrontpawsmuchthewayahumandoes.6.______________itcried,sherockeditbackandforthandgaveitlittlecomfortingpats.Themothercontinued
tocarefortheyoungpanda7.______________morethantwoyears.Bythattime,thepandanolongerneeded8.______________(it)motherforfood.However,itstayedwi
thherandwanderedaboutthewaysoftheforest.Then,aftertwoandahalfyears,themother9.______________(drive)theyoungpandaaway.Itwastimefor
hertohaveanewbaby,10.______________itwasalsotimefortheyoungpandatobeindependent.语篇解读:本文为记叙文。主要呈现科学家对一个野生熊猫妈妈精心养育孩子的观察研究过
程。1.[解析]考查动词时态语态。句意:大熊猫被全世界的人们所喜爱。熊猫和喜爱是被动关系,这是事实,应使用一般现在时的被动。故填isloved。[答案]isloved2.[解析]考查副词。句意:科学家最近有机会研究生下宝宝的野生大熊猫。此处修饰动词had,应使用
副词形式。故填recently。[答案]recently3.[解析]考查形容词。句意:这只大熊猫妈妈对幼崽是很关爱的。用形容词修饰mother,care有两个形容词caring“关爱的”、careful“小心的”。故填caring/careful。[答案
]caring/careful4.[解析]考查不定式。分析句子结构可知,找东西是为了吃,表示目的用不定式结构。故填toeat。[答案]toeat5.[解析]考查名词复数。句意:熊猫妈妈舔幼崽去除幼崽身上的气味,任何气味都会招惹危险动物们来
伤害幼崽。危险动物有很多,应使用复数形式。故填enemies。[答案]enemies6.[解析]考查连词。句意:当幼崽哭了或者如果幼崽哭了,她前后摇晃着它,轻轻地拍了拍它,使它感到安慰。句首第一个字母大写。故填When/If。[答案]When/
If7.[解析]考查介词。句意:熊猫妈妈继续照看孩子超过两年。介词for加时间,表示一段时间。故填for。[答案]for8.[解析]考查代词。句意:到那时,熊猫不再需要妈妈给它喂食了。此处指“它的妈妈”,应使用形容词性物主代词。故填its。[答案]
its9.[解析]考查动词时态。句意:两年半后,熊猫妈妈把熊猫宝宝赶走了。本文主要呈现科学家对熊猫妈妈的观察研究过程,应使用一般过去时。驱赶孩子离开,故填drove。[答案]drove10.[解析]考查连词。分析句意和句子结构可知,小熊猫该生宝宝了
和小熊猫该独立了,前后句意是并列顺承关系,应使用and。故填and。[答案]andⅡ.短文改错(2019·河北保定高三上学期期末)NowadaysonlinevotingisverypopularinChinaandithasba
deffectsforpeople.Somepeoplefeelannoyedwhenasktodowhattheydon'tlikeit.Ingeneral,onlinevotingdon'tdependonthecompetitor
s'strength.Butitusuallyliesinhowmuchsocialnetworkingresourceswehave,soitisunfair.Worsestill,itmightbecommercialtrickpl
ayedbytheorganizer.Therefore,itwasverynecessarythatregulationshouldbeworkedoutandstrictlyobserved.[答案]Nowadaysonlinevotingisverypopulari
nChinaandbutithasbadeffectsforonpeople.Somepeoplefeelannoyedwhenaskaskedtodowhattheydon'tlikeit\.Ingeneral,onli
nevotingdon'tdoesn'tdependonthecompetitors'strength.Butitusuallyliesinhowmuchmanysocialnetworkingresou
rceswetheyhave,soitisunfair.Worsestill,itmightbe∧acommercialtrickplayedbytheorganizer.Therefore,itwasisverynecessarythatregulationr
egulationsshouldbeworkedoutandstrictlyobserved.Ⅲ.阅读理解(2019·衡水中学二调)“Tomorrowisanotherday”—thislinehasimpressed
variouspeopleatvarioustimes.It'snow70yearsafteritappearedinthefilm,butitstillseemstoholditspowerespeciallyduringaneconomi
cdownturn.ThephrasecomesfromafilmadaptationofMargaretMitchell'ssuccessful1936novelGoneWiththeWind.It'ssetintheAmericanSouthandtellsthes
toryofastrongheroine,ScarlettO'Hara,whostrugglestofindloveduringtheCivilWarand,afterwards,ofherstrengthinsurvivingthewarand
itshardships.LovestoryInamomentofdespair,ScarlettfinallyrealizesthatherlovebelongstoRhettButler.Formanyaudiences,itisthethemeofloveandstruggleth
athaskeptthemoviealive.WhiletheburningofAtlantamightseemirrelevant(不相关的)totoday'sviewers,thetimelessthemeoflovekee
psitsabilitytotouchpeople.Withapromisetoherloverstillinhermind,ScarlettchoosestostayinthemidstofwarandtakecareofM
elanie.ButherheartisbrokenwhenRhettjustwalksaway,leavingthewomanthatheoncelovedwithcruelwords,“Frankly,dear,
Idon'tgiveadamn.”Greatepic(史诗)Thefilmshowsthelovehaterelationshipofthesecharacters,butalsoAmericanhistory,t
hefalloftheConfederacyandthefollowingperiodofreconstructionintheSouth.Thebackgroundmadethisfilmatruec
lassicintheepicgenre.WhenthefilmopenedafterWorldWarⅡ,Frenchviewerslovedit,anditremindedthemoftheirfightagainsttheNazis.
In1940Shanghai,duringtheWarofResistanceAgainstJapaneseAggression(侵略),peoplestoodinlineforhourstowatchthisfilm,andsawthesamesufferingtheywe
rehavingaswellasthehopeandpossibilityofbuildinganewhomelandfromtheruins.Eachnationalitycouldidentifywiththes
toryandseeitasavictory.Infact,GoneWiththeWindneverlostitscharmandabilitytoinspireandamaze.BiggestofalltimeThefilmhadfivedirec
tors,15plusscreenwriters,andanunexpected$3.9millionbudget.Thefilmbroughtin$200million,whichmakesitthebiggestsellingfilmof
alltimesinNorthAmerica.Italsowon10Academyawardsin1940.语篇解读:文章向大家阐明了“飘”这部电影的魅力所在。1.Theunderlinedword“it”inthefirstparagraphrefersto________.A.th
enovelGonewiththeWindB.“tomorrowisanotherday”C.themovieGonewiththeWindD.theAcademyAward[解析]代词指代题。根据上下文可知这里的it指代上文提及的Tomorrowisanotherday这句话。
[答案]B2.Thetextiswrittenmainlyto________.A.celebratetheanniversaryofMargaretMitchellB.introducehowthefilmwasdirected
andfilmedC.throwlighton(阐述)thecharmofthemovie“GonewiththeWind”D.inspirepeopletostruggletheeconomicdownturn[解析]推理判断题。通读文章可知
文章是在阐明这部电影的魅力所在。[答案]C3.ItcanbeconcludedthatScarlettO'Harais________.A.optimisticandluckyB.childishan
drealisticC.caringandstubbornD.strongmindedandpersistent(坚毅的)[解析]推理判断题。根据文章第四段Withapromisetoherloverstillinhermind,Scarlettchoosestostay
inthemidstofwarandtakecareofMelanie.可知她很坚强。[答案]D4.ThepassagementionsShanghaiinorderto________.A.provethat
thebackgroundofthemovietouchedviewersB.describehowpopularthemoviewasatthattimeC.pointoutthatShanghaiwasacenterofentertainmentD.tellusth
atChineseweresufferingtheWarthen[解析]细节理解题。文章倒数第三段提到的几个例子正是为了证明电影的背景触动了很多观看者。[答案]AⅣ.完形填空(2019·河南省实验中学期中考试)Thesnowwasfallingandtheroadshadbecomedang
erous.Theschoolsweredismissedearly,butmuchtomysurprise,my____1____wasn'tcanceled.SoIwent,feelingespeciallyheroic.A
sfarasIcouldsee,Iwasriskingmylifetokeepmy____2____.Snowornosnow,Iwouldbeontimeformyscheduleddonationatthelocal____3____center.WhenIgotth
ere,IdiscoveredIwasn't____4____.Fourmore“herotypes”werealreadylyingbackindonorchairswithlines____5____totheir
veins,andmachinesquietlypumpingawayto____6____theirlifesavinggifts.Seeingmyfellowdonorshonoringtheirowncommitments,Ireal
izedwhyIwasthere.Ilaybackinmydonorchair,readytomakeadifferenceinthelifeofsomeoneIwouldnever____7____.Tobehonest,I'dneverreallythough
taboutwhyIdonate.Ijustdoit.Butafewmonthsago,duringoneofmy____8____donationsIlearnedthatmybloodwasspecificallyforacancerpatientandforanewbornbaby—bot
hpatientsneededwhatIwouldgiveinordertolive.I'veviewedmyvisitstothebloodcenter____9____eversince.MywifeKarenisa____10____
,too.Andmoreimportantly,shehasbeenonthebonemarrow(骨髄)listforfifteenyears,eversinceshesigneduptoprovidebonemarrowtoakindergar
tnerwithleukemia(白血病).ThatlittlegirldiedbeforeKaren'sbonemarrowcouldhelpher,____11____Karenwascalledagainrecently.Hertestresultswerestillonfil
e,anditturnedoutshewasapotential____12____forsomeoneelse.ThecalleraskedKarenifshewouldstillbewillingt
obecomeabonemarrowdonor.“Yes,”shesaidandthenimmediatelybeganansweringquestionsonthepagesofpaperworkforfurth
ertesting.Itwasarace____13____time.IwishIcouldsaythatthis____14____waswon.Itwasn't.ThecallerlaterthankedKarenforherparticipati
onandaskedafewmorequestions—includingwhetherornotshe'd____15____onthedonorlist.“Ofcourse,”Karenanswered.Lastwe
ekKarengavebloodandnextweekI'llmakemyusualdonation.I'll____16____anafternoonfrommyscheduleandmakeanappointment.Idon'tk
nowwhoselifemydonationmay____17____.Mostlikelyitwillbea____18____,butonanydaythepersonneedingabloodproductcouldbeyouo
rmeormaybealovedone.Itisworthwhileto____19____ourtimetodonate.Ireallydofeel____20____everytimeIdonate.AndIlikethefeeli
ng.语篇解读:本文通过作者志愿参加献血的活动告诉我们:你献出的每一份小小爱心,都可能有大影响。1.A.appointmentB.classC.meetingD.flight[解析]考查名词。根据下文可知我要去参加献血活动。所以可知句意:下
大雪了,但我的约会没取消。A.“约会”;B.“课,班级”;C.“会议”;D.“飞行”。故选A。[答案]A2.A.secretB.balanceC.shapeD.word[解析]考查名词。因为下着大雪我还是去了,所以说我是冒着生命危险遵守诺言
。固定短语keepone'sword(遵守诺言)。A.“秘密”;B.“平衡”;C.“形状”;D.“话”。故选D。[答案]D3.A.serviceB.shoppingC.bloodD.care[解析]考查名词。因为要献血,所以到达的是血液中心。A.“服务”;B.“购物”;C.“血
液”;D.“关心”。故选C。[答案]C4.A.aloneB.welcomeC.lateD.lucky[解析]考查形容词。句意:当我到达那里时,我发现我不是一个人,还有几个人也来献血了。A.“独自”;B.“欢迎的”;C.“迟的”;D.“幸运的”。故选A。[答案]A5.A.exposedB.a
ttachedC.appliedD.added[解析]考查动词。句意:另外四个英雄已经躺在捐赠者的椅子上,他们的血管上系着线。A.“揭露”;B.“附上”;C.“应用”;D.“加”。故选B。[答案]B6.A.examineB.p
roduceC.collectD.clean[解析]考查动词。句意:机器静静地抽走并且收集着他们的救命礼物——血液。A.“检查”;B.“生产”;C.“收集”;D.“清理”。故选C。[答案]C7.A.meetB.forget
C.missD.recognize[解析]考查动词。我献血也许会帮助某个我以前从未谋面的人。A.“遇见”;B.“忘记”;C.“错过”;D.“认出”。故选A。[答案]A8.A.regularB.unexpectedC.specialD.pleasant[
解析]考查形容词。句意:几年前,在一次意外的献血中,我了解到我的血液是专门给那些癌症患者和新生儿使用的。A.“常规的”;B.“意外的”;C.“特殊的”;D.“高兴的”。故选B。[答案]B9.A.wiselyB.d
ifferentlyC.hesitantlyD.carefully[解析]考查副词。句意:自从那时起,我就用不同的方式看待血液中心。A.“明智地”;B.“不同地”;C.“犹豫地”;D.“小心地”。故选B。[答案]B10.A.rece
iverB.doctorC.patientD.donor[解析]考查名词。根据下文说她是在捐赠骨髓的名单上,可知句意:我的妻子一直都是一个捐赠者。A.“接受者”;B.“医生”;C.“病人”;D.“捐赠者”。故选D。[答案]D
11.A.orB.butC.andD.for[解析]考查连词。句意:那个小女孩在凯伦的骨髓可以帮助她之前就死了,但凯伦最近又被叫到了。因为她的骨髓还能帮到其他人。A.“或者”;B.“但是”;C.“和”;D.“因为”。故选B。
[答案]B12.A.riskB.customerC.matchD.partner[解析]考查名词。句意:她的测试结果还在档案里,并且结果证明她仍然是一个潜在的匹配者。A.“风险”;B.“顾客”;C.“匹配者,比赛”;D.“搭档”。故选C。[答案]C13
.A.beyondB.withC.againstD.of[解析]考查介词。句意:这就是与时间赛跑。固定短语:araceagainsttime(与时间赛跑),故选C。[答案]C14.A.honorB.tes
tC.prizeD.race[解析]考查名词。句意:我希望我可以说我们赢得了这场比赛。A.“尊敬”;B.“测试”;C.“奖赏”;D.“比赛”。故选D。[答案]D15.A.rankB.signC.appearD.remain[解
析]考查动词。打电话的人问凯伦是否她还在那个捐赠者的名单上。也就是是否她还愿意捐赠。A.“排名”;B.“签名”;C.“出现”;D.“仍然是”。故选D。[答案]D16.A.clearB.separateC.
loseD.remove[解析]考查动词。此处是指我要在百忙之中找出一个下午去做这件事。A.“清理,找出”;B.“分开”;C.“失去”;D.“移除”。故选A。[答案]A17.A.touchB.affectC.createD.enrich[解析]考查动词。句意:我并不知道我的捐赠可能会影响谁
的生活。A.“触摸”;B.“影响”;C.“创造”;D.“丰富”。故选B。[答案]B18.A.childB.strangerC.heroD.friend[解析]考查名词。句意:很可能那是陌生人,但有一天,需要血液制品的人可能就是你,或者我,或者可能就是你所爱的人。A.“孩子”
;B.“陌生人”;C.“英雄”;D.“朋友”。故选B。[答案]B19.A.spendB.saveC.killD.take[解析]考查动词。句意:花费我们的时间在捐赠上还是很值得。A.“花费”;B.“拯救”;C.“杀死”;D.“花费”。故选D。[答案
]D20.A.emptyB.gratefulC.proudD.nervous[解析]考查形容词。句意:每次捐赠时,我真的感觉很骄傲,我喜欢这种感觉。A.“空的”;B.“感激的”;C.“骄傲的”;D.“紧张的”。故选C。[答案]C