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练习7单句语法填空＋阅读理解授课提示：对应学生用书15页Ⅰ.单句语法填空(非谓语动词Ⅰ)1．[2024·浙江杭州外国语学校检测]The5Gservicesarenowbeingusedin50cities,Beiji

ng,Shanghai,GuangzhouandShenzhen________(include).答案与解析：included句意为：目前，包括北京、上海、广州和深圳在内的50个城市正在使用5G服务。in

clude意为“包括，包含”，在此应用非谓语动词形式，include与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填included。2．[2024·安徽师大附中期中]Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredried

tofeedandhousetheever－increasingpopulations,greatly________(reduce)waterfowlhabitat.答案与解析：reducing句意为：数百万英亩的湿地被抽干，以为不断增加的人口提供食物和住所，结

果大大减少了水禽的栖息地。reduce与其逻辑主语之间为主动关系，此处应用现在分词形式作结果状语，故填reducing。3．[2024·辽宁大连双基测试]TheChinesepeoplehavethecustomofstic

kinguppictures________(celebrate)thetraditionalSpringFestival.答案与解析：tocelebrate句意为：中国人有贴年画来庆祝传统春节的习俗。分析句子成分可知，________thetraditionalSp

ringFestival充当目的状语，空处应用动词不定式。故填tocelebrate。4．[2024·山东烟台学业水平诊断]________(build)intheSongDynasty,thetownofferspleasantviews

andlandscapesofancientChina,characterizedbypicturesquecanalscrossedbyarchbridgesandwhitewashedhousesthatov

erlookthewater.答案与解析：Built句意为：建于宋朝的古镇提供了美丽的古代中国景观，以有拱桥横跨的如画般的运河和俯瞰水面的粉刷成白色的房屋为特色。分析句子结构可知，build在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与其

逻辑主语town之间构成被动关系，应用过去分词形式。空处位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Built。5．Lifeislikeridingabicycle.________(keep)yourbalance,youmustkeepmoving.答案与解

析：Tokeep生活就像骑自行车。想要保持平衡，你必须不断前行。根据句意可知，空处应用动词不定式表目的。6．Childrenabove16areencouragedtotakepartintheseoutdoorrecreationalandsportsac

tivitiesspecially________(design)forthem.答案与解析：designed我们鼓励十六岁以上的孩子参加这些专为他们设计的户外文体活动。design与activitie

s之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用designed作后置定语。7．Morethan2millionforeigntouristsareexpectedtovisittheUSbytheendoftheyear,________(contribute)a

lottotheUSeconomy.答案与解析：contributing根据句意可知，逗号后的内容是逗号前的内容的一种自然结果，contribute与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系，故应用现在分词形式作结果状语。8．Driversarenottheonly

ones________(blame)fortheirresponsibilitythataccountsformanyoftheautomobileaccidents.答案与解析：toblame此处为(be)t

oblame(forsth.)结构，表示“该(因……)受责备，应(为……)承担责任”。9．Manypeoplethinkanygovernment'sworkshouldbeevaluated________(base)

oncitizens'happinesslevel.答案与解析：based很多人认为政府的任何工作都应该以市民的幸福水平为基础来评价。________oncitizens'happinesslevel

在句中作方式状语，base和government'swork为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词。10．Guests________(invite)tothisinternationalmeetingaremainlyscholars,politicians,andrepresentatives

ofinternationalorganizations.答案与解析：invited受邀参加这次国际会议的宾客主要是学者、从政者和国际组织代表。分析句子结构可知，Guests与invite之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填invited

。Ⅱ.阅读理解A2024·新课标Ⅰ卷，C议论文333词★★☆☆☆Iscomprehensionthesamewhetherapersonreadsatextonscreenoronpaper?Andarelisteningtoandviewingcontentaseffe

ctiveasreadingthewrittenwordwhencoveringthesamematerial?Theanswerstobothquestionsareoften“no”.Thereasonsrelatetoavarietyoffactors,includi

ngreducedconcentration,anentertainmentmindset(心态)andatendencytomultitaskwhileconsumingdigitalcontent.W

henreadingtextsofseveralhundredwordsormore,learningisgenerallymoresuccessfulwhenit'sonpaperthanonscreen.

Alargeamountofresearchconfirmsthisfinding.Thebenefitsofprintreadingparticularlyshine__throughwhenexperimentersmovefromposingsimpletas

ks—likeidentifyingthemainideainareadingpassage—toonesthatrequirementalabstraction—suchasdrawinginferencesfromatext.Th

edifferencesbetweenprintanddigitalreadingresultsarepartlyrelatedtopaper'sphysicalproperties.Withpaper,thereisaliterallayingonofhands,alongwith

thevisualgeographyofdistinctpages.Peopleoftenlinktheirmemoryofwhatthey'vereadtohowfarintothebookitwasorwhereitwasonthepage.Butequallyimportantist

hementalaspect.Readingresearchershaveproposedatheorycalled“shallowinghypothesis(假说)”.Accordingtothist

heory,peopleapproachdigitaltextswithamindsetsuitedtosocialmedia,whichareoftennotsoserious,anddevotelessmentaleffortthanwhentheyarereadingprint.Audio

(音频)andvideocanfeelmoreengagingthantext,andsouniversityteachersincreasinglyturntothesetechnologies—say,assigninganon

linetalkinsteadofanarticlebythesameperson.However,psychologistshavedemonstratedthatwhenadultsreadnewsstories,theyremembermoreofthecontentt

haniftheylistentoorviewidenticalpieces.Digitaltexts,audioandvideoallhaveeducationalroles,especiallywhenprovidingresourcesnotavailablei

nprint.However,formaximizinglearningwherementalfocusandreflectionarecalledfor,educatorsshouldn'tassumeallmediaarethesame,evenwhentheycon

tainidenticalwords.语篇类型：议论文主题语境：人与社会——科学与技术——学习媒介的选择【语篇解读】本文探讨了有纸化学习与无纸化学习的区别，并提出用纸质书籍更容易让人投入、专心学，而电子书籍更容易使人分心，故阅读印刷品比阅读电子书籍记得更多。1．What

doestheunderlinedphrase“shinethrough”inparagraph2mean?A．Seemunlikelytolast.B．Seemhardtoexplain.C．Becomereadytouse.D．Becomeeasytonotice.答案与解析：D理解

词汇。根据本段第一句谈到当阅读几百字或更多字的文本时，有纸化学习通常比在屏幕上学习更成功，接着谈到大量的研究证实了这一发现。故画线短语所在部分应该是指从提出简单的任务转向需要抽象思维的任务时，这种有纸化阅读的好处尤其明显，也就是说

很容易被注意到，答案为D。2．Whatdoestheshallowinghypothesisassume?A．Readerstreatdigitaltextslightly.B．Digitaltextsaresimple

rtounderstand.C．Peopleselectdigitaltextsrandomly.D．Digitaltextsaresuitableforsocialmedia.答案与解析：A理解具体信息。根据题干中的shallowinghypothe

sis可以将答案定位在第四段中。根据第四段中的“whichareoftennotsoserious”以及“devotelessmentaleffort”可知，在对待电子文本的时候，读者通常不是很严肃，同时比阅读纸质文本时投入的精力要少，即读者对电

子文本不是很重视，答案为A。3．Whyareaudioandvideoincreasinglyusedbyuniversityteachers?A．Theycanholdstudents'attention.B．Th

eyaremoreconvenienttoprepare.C．Theyhelpdevelopadvancedskills.D．Theyaremoreinformativethantext.答案与解析：A理解具体信息。根据题干可将解题信息定位在

第五段。本段第一句谈到音频和视频比文字更吸引人，所以大学教师越来越多地改用这些技术，故选A。4．Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Studentsshouldapplymultiplelearningtechniques.B

.Teachersshouldproducetheirownteachingmaterial.C．Printtextscannotbeentirelyreplacedineducation.D．Educationoutsidetheclassroomcannotbeig

nored.答案与解析：C推断。根据最后一段首先谈到电子文本、音频和视频都具有教育作用，特别是在提供纸质文本无法提供的资源时。“However”后提到为了最大限度地进行需要集中注意力和反思的学习，教育者不应该假设所有媒体都是一样的，即使它们包含相同的词汇

。这与倒数第二段最后一句中的信息意思一致：当成年人阅读新闻故事时，他们比听或看相同的片段能记住更多内容，也就是说有纸化学习在教育中是不能完全被取代的，答案为C。A项“学生们应该应用多种学习技巧”；B项“教师应制作自己的教材”；C项“纸质文本在教育中是不能完全被取代的”；D项“

课堂外的教育不容忽视”。B2024·九省联考议论文288词★★★☆☆Inhis1936workHowtoWinFriendsandInfluencePeople,DaleCarnegiewrote:“Ihavecometotheconclusionthatthereisonlyonewa

ytogetthebestofanargument—andthatistoavoidit.”Thisdistasteforargumentsiscommon,butitdependsonamistakenviewofargumentsthatcausesproblems

forourpersonalandsociallives—andinmanywaysmissesthepointofarguinginthefirstplace.Carnegiewouldberightifargumentswerefights,whic

hishowweoftenthinkofthem.Likephysicalfights,verbal(言语的)fightscanleavebothsidesbloodied.Evenwhenyouwin,y

ouendupnobetteroff.Youwouldbefeelingalmostasbadifargumentswereevenjustcompetitions—like,say,tennistournaments.Pairsofopponentshittheballbackandforthu

ntilonewinnercomesoutfromallwhoentered.Everybodyelseloses.Thiskindofthinkingexplainswhysomanypeopletrytoavoidarguments.However,thereareways

towinanargumenteverytime.Whenyoustateyourposition,formulate(阐述)anargumentforwhatyouclaimandhonestlyaskyou

rselfwhetheryourargumentisanygood.Whenyoutalkwithsomeonewhotakesastand,askthemtogiveyouareasonfortheirviewandspell__outtheirargume

ntfully.Assessitsstrengthandweakness.Raiseobjections(异议)andlistencarefullytotheirreplies.Thismethodwillre

quireeffort,butpracticewillmakeyoubetteratit.Thesetoolscanhelpyouwineveryargument—notintheunhelpfulsenseofbeatingyouropponentsbutinthebettersenseof

learningaboutwhatdividespeople,learningwhytheydisagreewithusandlearningtotalkandworktogetherwiththem.Ifwereadjustourviewofarguments—froma

verbalfightortennisgametoareasonedexchangethroughwhichweallgainrespectandunderstandingfromeachother—thenwechangetheverynatureofwhatitmeansto“win”a

nargument.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。作者阐述了争论的意义和赢得争论的方法。5．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardCarnegie'sunderstandingofargument?A．Critical.B

．Supportive.C．Tolerant.D．Uncertain.答案与解析：A推理判断题。根据第一段中“Thisdistasteforargumentsiscommon,butitdependsonamistakenviewofar

gumentsthatcausesproblemsforourpersonalandsociallives—andinmanywaysmissesthepointofarguinginthefirstplace.(这种对争论的厌恶是很普遍的，但它取决于对争

论的错误看法，这种观点会给我们的个人和社会生活带来问题——而且在很多方面，它首先忽略了争论的意义。)”可知，作者对于Carnegie对争论的看法持批判态度，故选A。6．Whydomanypeopletrytoavoidar

guments?A．Theylackdebatingskills.B．Theymayfeelbadeveniftheywin.C．Theyfearbeingignored.D．Theyarenotconfidentinthemselves.答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据第二段中“Likeph

ysicalfights,verbal(言语的)fightscanleavebothsidesbloodied.Evenwhenyouwin,youendupnobetteroff.Youwouldbefeelingalmostasbadifarguments

wereevenjustcompetitions—like,say,tennistournaments.(和身体上的打斗一样，言语上的打斗也会两败俱伤。即使你赢了，你最终也不会变得更好。如果争论只是一场比赛，比如网球

比赛，你也会感觉很糟糕。)”可知，很多人尽量避免争论，是因为即使赢了他们也感觉很糟糕，故选B。7．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“spellout”inParagraph3probablymean?A．Defend.B．E

xplain.C．Conclude.D．Repeat.答案与解析：B词句猜测题。根据画线短语所在句“askthemtogiveyouareasonfortheirview”可知，让他们为自己的观点提供依据，即让他们充分阐明他们的观点，spellout意为“解

释明白，讲清楚”，故选B。8．Whatisthekeyto“winning”anargumentaccordingtotheauthor?A．Senseoflogic.B．Solidsupportingevidence.C．Propermanners.D．

Understandingfrombothsides.答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Ifwereadjustourviewofarguments—fromaverbalfightortennisgametoareasonedexchan

gethroughwhichweallgainrespectandunderstandingfromeachother—thenwechangetheverynatureofwhatitmeansto‘win’anargument.(如果我们

重新调整我们对争论的看法——从一场口水战或网球比赛转变为一种理性的交流，通过这种交流，我们都能获得彼此的尊重和理解——那么我们就改变了‘赢得’争论的本质。)”可知，作者认为“赢得”争论的关键是通过交流获得彼此的尊重和理解，故选D。黄金考点语法填空——名词考

点12名词作介词宾语考例Filledwith________(curious),theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.点拨填curiosity，充当介词with的宾语。考点13名词作表语考例ChineseNewYearisa________(celebrate)mark

ingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningofthespring.点拨中国新年是一个标志着冬季结束和春季开始的庆祝活动。空前的冠词a是名词作表语的标志，故填celebration。