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Unit3AtasteofEnglishhumour卓别林(CharlieChaplin,1889年4月16日～1977年12月25日)著名喜剧电影演员、导演、制片人。20世纪最卓越的喜剧电影大师、伟大的批判现实主义艺术家、反法西斯的和平、民主战士。卓别林比任何人都更好地表现了我们时
代的甘苦，半个世纪以来，他以他的丰富的想象力融合了所有人的欢笑和泪水，使人们对他的天赋赞叹不已。————————————————————————————MyfavouriteEnglishteacherc
oulddrawhumouroutofthedriestmaterial.Weweren'tforcedtolearn.HetookSamuelJohnson'sdictionary，JosephAddison'ses
says，andmanyotherliterarywondersfromtheeighteenthcenturyandmadethemhilarious，evenateighto'clockinthemorning
.ThethingthatamazedmemostwasthatthefirsttimeIreadtheseworksonmyown，someofwhichseemeddead，butthesecondtime，afterhisexplanation，Icouldn'tbeli
evethatIhadn'tseenthehumour.Thestoriesandpoemsandplaysweresuddenlyfilledwithallusions(典故)andironyandhilariousmoments.Ilearnedmorefromhim
thanfromanyotherteacher.MyleastfavouriteEnglishteacheralsomadepeoplelaugh.Somestudentsfoundhimwonderfullyfunny.Manyothers
didnot.Heassignedjournalsoverasixweekperiod，tobewritteneveryday.AttheendofthesixweeksIhadanotebookfullofb
itsandpiecesaboutmyideas，shortstories，reactionstowhatwehadread，andsoon.Ourteacherannouncedthatwewoul
dbegradingeachother'sjournals.MinewaspassedtoJoe，thatclassclown，whoalwaysbehavedinafunnyorsillyway.Hesawitfittomakeajokeofandsaid，“T
hiswritingisn'tfittolinethebottomofabirdcage.”Ourteacherlaughedatthatfunnyremark.Ithurtmesomuchthatth
eangerfromithasdrivenmywritingandteachingeversince.Sowhatmakesthedifference？Humourisoneofthemostpowerfultoolsteachersorwritershave.Itcanmak
estudentsandreadersexcitedaboutliteratureandwriting，oritcantearthemapart.Itistruethathumouriseitherproductiveorcounterproductiveandselfde
feating.根据文章内容判断正(T)误(F)。1．WewereforcedtolearnbecauseofmyEnglishteacher.()2．Thestoriesandpoemsandplaysweresuddenlyfilledwithal
lusionsandironyandhilariousmoments.()3．Myfavouriteteacheralsomadepeoplelaugh.()4．Ourteacherletusgradeeachother'sjournals.()5．Humoristhemostpowe
rfultoolteachersorwritershave.()[答案]1.F2.T3.F4.T5.FPartⅠWarmingup，Prereading，Reading&ComprehendingⅠ.重点单词1．____________n．喜剧2．___
_________adj.满足的；满意的n.满足vt.使满足3．____________adj.平常的；普通的4．____________adj.厌烦的5．____________prep.遍及；贯穿adv.到处；始终；全部6．____________adj.无
家可归的；无家的7．____________n.小胡子8．____________adj.用旧的；用坏的；破烂的9．____________n.失败(者)10．____________vt.&vi.战胜；克服11．____________vt.&vi.嚼碎；咀嚼(食物)12．__________
__adj.突出的；杰出的；显著的13．____________n.姿态；手势vi.做手势[答案]1.comedy2.content2.ordinary4.bored5.throughout6.homeless7.moustache8
.worn9.failure10.overcome11.chew12.outstanding13.gestureⅡ.词汇拓展1．__________n.幽默；滑稽→__________adj.幽默的；滑稽的2．__________n.表演者；演
出者→__________vt.表演；演出→__________n.演出；表演3．__________vt.使惊诧→__________adj.令人感到惊讶的→__________adj.吃惊的→__________n.惊讶4．__________
adj.幸运的；吉利的→__________adv.幸运地；吉利地→__________adv.不幸地5．__________vt.&vi.使欢乐；款待→__________n.欢乐；款待→__________adj.愉快的；
有趣的6．__________vt.使信服→__________adj.令人信服的7．__________vt.&vi.导演；指示；指挥adj.直的；直接的；直率的→__________n.指挥；指导者→____________n.方向[答案]1.humo
(u)r；humo(u)rous2．performer；perform；performance3．astonish；astonishing；astonished；astonishment4．fortunate；fortunately
；unfortunately5．entertain；entertainment；entertaining6．convince；convincing7．direct；director；directionⅢ.重点短语1．uptonow__________________2．feel/beconten
twith__________________3．badlyoff__________________4．pickout__________________5．cutoff__________________6．担任主角；主演__________________7．破门而入_______
___________8．寻找__________________9．(时间)过去；流逝；依照；遵循__________________10．照料；照顾__________________[答案]1.直到现在2.对……满足3.穷的；缺少的4.挑出；辨别出5.切断；断绝6.starin7.br
eakinto8．insearchof9.goby10.lookafterⅣ.重点句式1．as引导非限制性定语从句______________________，“Laughteristhesunthatdriveswinterfromthehumanface”，anduptonownobodyh
asbeenabletodothisbetterthanCharlieChaplin.正如维克多·雨果曾经说的“笑声如驱走人们脸上寒冬的太阳”。关于这一点，直到现在也没有人能比查理·卓别林做得更好。2．“by＋时间名词”通常和完
成时连用________________，Charlie__________，throughhishumour，__________oneofthemostpopularchildactorsinEngland.在十多岁的时候
，查理凭借着自己的幽默已经在英国成为最受欢迎的童星之一。3．with复合结构Insteadheandanothermanarehidinginasmallhutduringasnowstorm__________________.相反，他和另一个人被暴风雪困在一个小木屋中，没有任何东西
可吃。4．asif/asthough引导方式状语从句Thenhepicksoutthelaceoftheshoeandeatsit____________itwerespaghetti.然后他挑出鞋带来
吃，像是吃意大利面条一样。[答案]1.AsVictorHugooncesaid2．Byhisteens；had；become3．withnothingtoeat4.asifⅤ.课文理解1．Howdoyo
uunderstandthesentence“Laughteristhesunthatdriveswinterfromthehumanface”？A．Laughteristhepowertodrivewinterawayandwelcomewarmspring.B．Lau
ghtercankeepone'sfacewarm，especiallyduringfreezingwinter.C．Laughtercanmakepeopleforgettheirproblemsandmakethemfeelhappy.D．Laughtercangivepeo
plewarmth，sotheirfacesarenotcold.2．InTheGoldRush，Chaplinandtheotherfelloweatoneofhisleathershoesbecause__________.A．theyareinterest
edinitB．theshoeisdeliciousC．theywanttomakethepeoplelaughD．theyareveryhungry3．Peopleenjoyseeingotherpeople'sbadluckbecause
__________.A．theyenjoydoingsoB．itmakespeoplemoreworriedabouttheirlifeC．itmakespeoplemorecontentwiththeirlifeD．there'smuchfunindoingso4．Th
elittletrampiswellknownbecause__________.A．ChaplinplayedapoorandhomelesspersonB．thecharacterwasasocialfailureC．thecharacterisfunny
lookingD．thoughbeingasocialfailure，thelittletrampwasoptimisticanddeterminedandalwayskindtoothers5．What'stheauthor'satti
tudetoCharlieChaplin?A．Positive.B．Negative.C．Serious.D．Appreciative.[答案]1～5CDCDD————————————————————————————教材原文AMAST
EROFNONVERBALHUMOURAsVictorHugooncesaid，“Laughteristhesunthatdriveswinterfromthehumanface”，anduptonownobodyhasbeenabletodothisbetterthanCh
arlieChaplin.HebrightenedthelivesofAmericansandBritishthroughtwoworldwarsandthehardyearsinbetween.Hema
depeoplelaughatatimewhentheyfeltdepressed,sotheycouldfeelmorecontentwiththeirlives.NotthatCharlie'sownlifewaseasy!Hewasborninapoorfamily
in1889.Hisparentswerebothpoormusichallperformers.YoumayfinditastonishingthatCharliewastaughttosingass
oonashecouldspeakanddanceassoonashecouldwalk.Suchtrainingwascommoninactingfamiliesatthistime,especiallywhenthefamilyincomewasoftenunce
rtain.Unfortunatelyhisfatherdied，leavingthefamilyevenworseoff,soCharliespenthischildhoodlookingafterhis
sickmotherandhisbrother.Byhisteens,Charliehad,throughhishumour,becomeoneofthemostpopularchildactorsinEngland.Hecouldmimeandact
thefooldoingordinaryeverydaytasks.Noonewaseverboredwatchinghim－hissubtleactingmadeeverythingentertaining.Astimewentby,hebeganmakingf
ilms.Hegrewmoreandmorepopularashischarmingcharacter,thelittletramp,becameknownthroughouttheworld.Thetramp,apoor,homelessmanwitha
moustache,worelargetrousers,wornoutshoesandasmallroundblackhat.Hewalkedaroundstifflycarryingawalkingstick.Thischarac
terwasasocialfailurebutwaslovedforhisoptimismanddeterminationtoovercomealldifficulties.Hewastheunderdogwhowaskindevenwhenotherswe
reunkindtohim.Howdidthelittletrampmakeasadsituationentertaining?Hereisanexamplefromoneofhismostfamousfilms，TheGoldRush.I
tistowardtheendofthenineteenthcenturyandgoldhasjustbeendiscoveredinAlaska.Likesomanyothers,thelittletramphasrushedthereinsearchofgold,butwithoutsu
ccess.Insteadheandanothermanarehidinginasmallhutduringasnowstormwithnothingtoeat.Theyaresohungrythatthelittletramptriesboilingoneofhisleathershoe
sfordinner.Charliecutsofftheleathertopoftheshoeandsharestheshoewiththeotherfellow.Hetriescuttingandchewingthebottomoftheshoeas
ifitwerethefineststeak.Thenhepicksoutthelaceoftheshoeandeatsitasifitwerespaghetti.Heeatseachmouthfulwithgreatenj
oyment.Theactingissoconvincingthatitmakesyoubelievethatitisoneofthebestmealshehasevertasted.CharlieChaplinwrote,directedandproducedthefilm
shestarredin.In1972hewasgivenaspecialOscarforhisoutstandingworkinfilms.HelivedinEnglandandtheUSAbutspenthislastyearsinSwitzerland,wherehew
asburiedin1977.Heislovedandrememberedasagreatactorwhocouldinspirepeoplewithgreatconfidence.译文参照非语言幽默大师正如维克多·雨果曾说的“笑声如驱走人们脸上寒
冬的太阳”，直到现在在这方面也没人能够做得比查理·卓别林更好。在两次世界大战以及其间困难的时期，他给美国人和英国人的生活带来了快乐。在人们感到沮丧的时候，他可以使他们开怀大笑，于是人们就对自己的生活感到比较满足。查理自己的生活并不那么容易！他在1889年出生于一个贫
困的家庭。他的父母都是戏院里贫穷的演员。你可能会感到惊奇，查理刚会说话时大人就教他唱歌，他刚会走路时大人就教他跳舞了。这种训练在当时表演家庭里是很普遍的，尤其在家庭收入通常不稳定的情况下。不幸的是他父亲去世了，这使得他的家境更加贫困，因
此查理的童年是在照顾生病的母亲和弟弟中度过的。查理十多岁时靠幽默成为了英国最著名的童星之一。他能够用哑剧动作模仿傻子做日常琐事。观看他的表演从来没人感到厌烦，他的精湛表演使一切变得十分有趣。随着时间的推移，他开始拍电影。他塑造的可爱的“小流浪
汉”的角色开始闻名于世，他也变得越来越受欢迎。那个小流浪汉十分贫穷，无家可归，他留着小胡子，穿着大裤子和磨破的鞋子，头顶黑色小圆帽。他手持拐杖僵硬地走着。这个角色是社会中的失败者，但是他的乐观精神和战胜困难的决心使他深受(观众的)喜爱。
面对并不善待他的人，这个弱者依然保持友善。这个小流浪汉如何使悲伤的氛围变得有趣呢？下面是一个例子，选自他的最著名电影之一——《淘金记》。那是在19世纪末，阿拉斯加刚刚发现了金子。像其他许多人一样，这个小流浪汉也赶到那儿去淘金，但却没有成功。相反，他和另一个人被暴风雪困在一个小木屋里，没有任何
东西可吃。他们太饿了以至于这个小流浪汉试着煮一只皮鞋当饭吃。查理切下那只皮鞋的鞋面和同伴分享。他试着切和嚼鞋底，就像是最美味的牛排。然后他挑出那只鞋的鞋带，就像吃意大利面一样吃起来。他每一口都嚼得津津有味。卓别林的表演是那么有说服力，以至于你会相信这顿饭是他所
吃过的最美味的一顿！查理·卓别林自编、自导、自制他主演的电影。1972年，他被授予奥斯卡特别奖，以表彰他在电影界的杰出工作。他在英国和美国生活，但却在瑞士度过了生命中最后的几年，并于1977年安葬在那里。他是个伟大的演员，激励人们，并增强他们的信心，受到人们
的热爱和怀念。①Thatrichmanistiredofcitylife，soheiscontenttoliveinthecountry.那位富人厌倦了城市生活，因此他愿意生活在乡下。②Andyiscontentwit
hthetoy.Itisthebesthehasevergot.安迪对这个玩具很满意，这是他得到的最好的玩具。③Hecontentshimselfwithwhatheowns.他满足于自己所拥有的。(1)becontenttodosth.满意做某事fe
el/becontentwith对……满足(2)contentoneselfwith满足于……toone'sheart'scontent尽情地做某事contentof……的容量，含量[名师点津]content作“所含之物”解时，通常用复数形式。[即学即用]写出下列句子中content的词性和
词义①Thebookisrichincontent.______________②Iamverycontentwithmylifeatpresent.______________③Simplepraiseisenoughtocontenthim._______
_______[答案]①名词；内容②形容词；满意的③动词；使满足①Itwasastonishingthatsheshouldacceptsuchachallengingjob.令人吃惊的是她竟然接受这么具有挑战性的工作。②Muchtomyastonishment，sh
estillrememberedmyname!使我万分惊讶的是，她仍然记得我的名字！③Butresultwillcome，andyouwillbeastonishedat/bythechanges.但是一定会有结果的，而且你一定会对这些变化感到诧异。(1)astonishvt.使惊讶whatas
tonishessb.is...令某人吃惊的是……(2)astonishedadj.对……感到吃惊的beastonishedat/by对……感到惊讶beastonishedthat.../todo...惊讶于……/做某事感到惊讶(
3)astonishmentn.惊异；惊讶inastonishment吃惊地(用作状语)toone'sastonishment令某人吃惊的是(多用作插入语)[即学即用]单句语法填空①Theaudiencelooked__________whenthey
learnedthatthegirlhadsuchan__________talentforsinging.(astonish)②Wewere__________(astonish)tofindthetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.③Thenewhous
eshavebeenbuiltat__________(astonish)speed.④Toour__________，hewasn't__________atthe__________newsatall.(astonish)[
答案]①astonished；astonishing②astonished③astonishing④astonishment；astonished；astonishing①Ientertainedmyfriendstodinn
eryesterdayevening.昨晚我招待朋友吃晚饭。②Theclownentertainedthechildrenwithallkindsoftricks.那个小丑以各种把戏逗乐儿童。(1)entertainvt.&vi.使欢乐；款待entertainsb
.withsth.＝sb.beentertainedwithsth.用某物使某人快乐entertainsb.tosth.用某物招待某人(2)entertainmentn.娱乐；文娱节目entertainedadj.(感到)愉快的巧学助记BobandLizentertainedustodi
nnerlastnight.DuringthetimeBobtoldusmanyjokesforentertainment，makingitanentertainingnight.Bob和Liz昨晚设宴款待我们，期间Bob讲了很多笑话娱乐我们，让我们度
过了一个愉快的夜晚。[即学即用]单句语法填空①ItissaidthattheearlyEuropeanplayingcardsweredesignedfor__________(entertain)andeducation.②Sheente
rtainedallthechildren__________stories，songsanddramas.③TheTVprogramismuchmore__________(entertain)now.④Simonremainsoneofthetop__________(en
tertain)．[答案]①entertainment②with③entertaining④entertainers①Thefailurewasabigblowtohim，buthewasn'tdiscouragedandsoongotasenthusiasticaseve
r.这次失败对他来说是个大的打击，但是他并未感到沮丧并且很快变得和以前一样充满热情。②Aquickreviewofsuccessesandfailuresattheendofyearwillhelpshapeyouryearahead
.年终时快速回顾一年的成功和失败将有助于你决定来年的发展。(1)failure作“失败”讲是不可数名词，表示抽象意义；作“失败者，失败的事”讲是可数名词，表示具体意义。这种用法被称为“抽象名词的具体化”。(2)可作可数名词用的抽象名词：不可数可数·success成功·asucc
ess成功的人/事·danger危险·adanger危险的人/因素·surprise吃惊·asurprise意想不到的事·business生意·abusiness企业·beauty美丽·abeauty美人[即学即用]单句语法填空①Hewas__________failureasanactor，bu
themade__________bigsuccessinhisbusiness.②Donotletany__________(failure)discourageyou，foryoucannevertellhowcloseyoumayb
etovictory.③Itwasobviousthatthepolicywas__________failure.[答案]①a；a②failures③a①WhatshesaidconvincedmethatIwasmistak
en.她说的话让我相信我错了。②We'vebeentryingtoconvincehimtogiveuptheplan.我们一直在试图说服他放弃那个计划。③Hisspeechwassoconvincingthateveryonepresentbelievedwhath
esaid.他的演讲很令人信服，以至于在场的所有人都相信他所说的话。(1)convincesb.ofsth.使某人确信/明白某事convincesb.that...使某人相信……convincesb.todosth.说服某人做某事(2)convincingadj.令人信服的convincedadj
.确信的；坚信的beconvinced(that)/of...(某人)相信……[即学即用]单句语法填空①I'mnot__________(convince)thatyourideawillwork，butI'llkeepanopenmindf
orit.②Scientistsareconvinced__________thepositiveeffectoflaughteronphysicalandmentalhealth.③Uptonow，thelaw
yerhasn'tprovidedany__________(convince)evidenceofhisguilt.[答案]①convinced②of③convincing①Nowwehavethemostdir
ectevidenceyetthatheisright.我们现在有直接证据证明他是对的。②Thegeneraldirectedthattheguns(should)cleanveryoften.将军指示这些炮要经常擦拭。③Atthesou
nd，thebirdsinthetreeflewinalldirections.听到枪声，树上的鸟儿向四面八方飞去。(1)directsb.todosth.指示某人做某事directsb.tosomeplace告诉某人去某地directthatclause指示/命令……(从句谓语动词用“sho
uld＋动词原形”，should可以省略)(2)directionn.方向；方位；指示inthedirectionof朝……的方向inalldirections四面八方undersb.'sdirection在某
人的指示下(3)directlyadv.直接地；立即(也可作连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就”)directorn.导演[即学即用]单句语法填空①Besuretoreadthe__________(direct)carefullybefo
reyoutakethemedicinesothatitcanfunctionbetter.②Heansweredmevery__________(direct)andopenly.③__________(direct)bythete
acher，allthestudentshavelearnedhowtorefertothedictionary.④Withthehelpofhisfriends，Daveovercamemanydifficult
iesandfinallybecameasuccessful__________(direct)．[答案]①directions②directly③Directed④director①Thescientistisdoingan
experimentnoonehastrieduptonow.这位科学家正在做一项迄今为止没人做过的实验。②Uptonow，theprogramhassavedthousandsofchildrenwhowouldotherwisehaved
ied.截止到现在，这个项目已经挽救了成千上万的本来会死去的孩子的生命。upto还可表示下列含义：(1)“多达；至多”；后面常接数字(2)“从事于；忙于”；有时含有“密谋干坏事”之意(3)“由……决定”，常用it作
主语(4)“胜任；适合”(5)“是……的职责”[名师点津](1)uptonow意为“直到现在”，常与现在完成时连用，可放于句首、句尾或句中。(2)uptonow的同义词组有uptopresent，sofar，tillnow等。
[即学即用]写出下列句子中upto的含义①Upto10,000studentshavedroppedoffschoolthisyear.______________②Whatisheuptonow?③It'supto
youtodecidewhethertogoornot.______________④Heisnotuptohiswork.______________[答案]①多达②忙于③由……决定④胜任；适合①Wearenotthatbadlyofftobeg.我们还没穷
到去乞讨的地步。②Thevictimsinthisearthquakearebadlyoffforblankets，andevenworseoffforfood.这次地震的受害者需要毯子，更需要食物。③Ifhehadworkedhardwhenyou
ng，hewouldbewelloffnow.如果他年轻时努力工作，现在就能过得舒服些。(1)bebadlyoffforsth.＝beshortof/belackingin某物短缺；不够beworse
off更穷的(2)bewelloff有钱；富裕；境况良好bewelloffforsth.某物充裕bebetteroff境况较好gofrombadtoworse每况愈下tomakematters/thingsworse＝whatis
worse更为糟糕的是[即学即用]完成句子①Thoughhe_______________inthepast，he____________nowbyworkinghard.尽管过去他很穷，但通过努力工作他现在很富有。②Itissaidthatthecomp
any__________________someskilledworkersatpresent.据说这家公司目前缺少一些技术工人。[答案]①wasbadlyoff；iswelloff②isbadlyofffor/isshortof①Hishouse
wasbrokenintolastweek.上个星期，他的房屋曾有人闯入。②Thesunbrokethroughataroundlunchtime.大约午饭时分，太阳破云而出。③Peterbrokedownandwasunabletoworkforayear.彼得身体垮掉后一年没能上
班。breakaway脱离；离开breakdown停止运转；出故障；垮掉breakoff结束(关系)；(使)折断breakout爆发；突然发生breakthrough冲破；突破；从云层后露出breakup(使)
破裂；分解巧学助记Thepoormanwassounlucky.Amonthago，somestrangersbrokeintohishouseandtookhimintoatruck.Hedidn'tknowwhotheywer
eandwheretheywouldgo.Alltheconnectionswithhisfamilywerebrokenoff.Aftersomedays'drive，thetrucksuddenlybrokedown.Andhecaughtthechancet
obreakawayfromthestrangers.这个穷人很不幸。一个月以前，一些陌生人闯进他的家，把他带到一辆卡车上。他不知道他们是谁，他们要(带他)去哪儿。他和家人的所有联系都被切断了。行驶了几天之后，卡车突然出了故障，他抓住这个机会摆脱了那几个陌生人。[即学即用]
单句语法填空①ResearchersinSpainandEnglandrecentlyfoundthatthewormsofthegreaterwaxmoth(大蜡螟)canbreak__________polyethylene(聚
乙烯)，whichaccountsfor40%ofplastics.②Howthebigforestfirehasbroken__________remainstobeamystery.③Myhousewasbroken__________yesterday.
Fortunately，nothingwasstolen.④Becausemyunclehadtoomuchpressureatwork，hishealthfinallybroke__________.⑤WhileIwasexplainingmypointof
view，hebroke__________toarguewithme.[答案]①down②out③into④down⑤in①Thewatersupplyhasbeencutoffforseveraldaysinthecit
y.这个城市的水供应已经被切断好几天了。②Busywithhisproject，hefeltcutofffromtheoutside.由于忙于他的工程，他感到与外界隔绝了。③Thedoctortoldhimtocutdownonhis
drinking.医生劝他少喝酒。cutacross走捷径；抄近路穿过cutdown砍倒；删节；削减cutin插嘴；插入cutout剪除；删掉cutup切碎[即学即用]单句语法填空①Shealwaysfocusedonwhatherfriendsaidandseldom
cut__________.②Don'tcut__________thetreethatgivesyoushade.③Finallyhereachedalonelyislandwhichwascompletelycut__________fro
mtheoutsideworld.④Wecangainsometimeifwecut__________thisfield.[答案]①in②down③off④across①Hepickedoutanoldfriendinthecrowdsatthest
ation.他在车站的人群中认出了一位老朋友。②Youareluckyenoughtobepickedoutfromsomanyapplicantsforthejob.你很幸运能从那么多的求职者中被选中
做这份工作。③Don'tpickupanyoftheseflowers.这些花一朵也不要采。pickup捡起；拾起；开车接；(偶然)获得；学会；恢复；好转；(在无线电里)收听到pickoff瞄准射击；摘去p
ickon故意刁难；找别扭；选择(某人或某物)pickover精挑细选[即学即用]单句语法填空①ItwassodarkinthecinemathatIcouldhardlypick__________myfriend.
②It'ssurprisingthatyourbrotherpicked__________Russiansoquickly—hehasn'tlivedthereverylong.③Iwasnolonger
satisfiedwiththemobilephonethatIpicked__________lastweek.④Youarewaitingatawrongplace.Itisatthehotelthatthecoachpicks___
_______tourists.[答案]①out②up③out④up[关键点拨]有些with的复合结构可以转换成相应的定语从句或状语从句。本句中withnothingtoeat为with复合结构，在句子中作状语。①Intheafternoon，w
ithnothingtodo，Iwenttothebookstore.因为下午无事可做，我便到书店去了。②Withtheguideleadingtheway，wefoundhishomeeasily.因为有那位向导带路，我们很容易找到了他家。③Theboywascryingw
iththetoybroken.玩具破了，那个男孩在哭。④Thestudentfellasleepwiththelightson.这个学生开着灯就睡着了。with复合结构在句中常作状语，表示伴随状况、原因、方式、条件等。其结构如下：with＋宾语＋todo(表示未发生的动作)
doing(与宾语存在主谓关系)done(与宾语存在动宾关系)prep.短语adj.(表示状态)adv.(表示状态)[即学即用]单句语法填空①Thelivingroomiscleanandtidy，withadiningtablealready__________(lay)foramealto
becooked.②Theoldcoupleoftentakeawalkaftersupperintheparkwiththeirpetdog__________(follow)them.③Withalo
tofwork__________(do)，hewasn'tallowedtogoout.④Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner，andwithhiswork__________(finis
h)，hegladlyacceptedit.[答案]①laid②following③todo④finished[关键点拨]本句中asif/asthough“好像；仿佛”，引导方式状语从句，从句用的是虚拟语气，表示与现在事实
相反。①Theyoungmanwithlonghairlooksasifhewereagirl.那个长发的男青年看上去像个女孩似的。②Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.You'dbettertakeanumbrellawithyou.看样子天要下雨，你最好带把伞。(可能
性大，天真要下雨)③ShetalksaboutHongKongasthoughshehadbeentherebefore.她说起香港来就好像她以前去过似的。asif/asthough可以引导方式状语从句和表语从句。若陈述一个事实，从句则用陈述语气；若表示一种虚拟、假设情况或不可能实现的情况，则
用虚拟语气。虚拟语气的形式为：虚拟情况从句谓语动词与现在事实相反一般过去时与过去事实相反had＋过去分词与将来事实相反would/could/might＋动词原形[即学即用]单句语法填空①ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.Whyareyoutalkingtome
asifI__________(do)it?②Idon'tknowwhysheislookingatmeasifshe__________(know)me.I'veneverseenherbefore.③Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater，it
looksasifit__________(be)broken.④Tothecouple'sgreatsurprise，thehousewasinamessasif__________(break)into.[答案]①haddone②knew③were④brok
enⅠ.单词拼写1．Allkindsofmeasuresweretakentopreventthediseasefromspreading__________(遍及)thecountry.2．Tomy__________(惊讶)，themanliftedthe
heavyrockeasily.3．Iwas__________(幸运的)tohaveovercomefinancialproblemswiththeirsupport.4．Yesterdayeveningwesa
wanAmericanfilm__________(由……主演)TomHanks.5．She__________(战胜)injurytowintheOlympicsgoldmedal.6．Thedifferencesbetweenthetwotraditions__________(使惊讶)
everyonepresent.7．Histheoryabouttheoriginoflifeisvery__________(令人信服的)．8．Asisknowntousall，Dr.YuanLongping
isan________(突出的)Chinesescientistinagriculture.[答案]1.throughout2.astonishment3.fortunate4.starring5.
overcame6.astonished7.convincing8.outstandingⅡ.介、副词填空1．Excuseme.Couldyoudirectme__________thenearestpos
toffice?2．Yourarticleistoolong，pleasecutit__________to100words.3．Mywifeisgoingwithmetopick__________anewsuitinthenewlyopenedshoppingmall.Itissa
idtobeofferingmanybargain.4．Hegotanewjobinahotelandhewascontent__________it.5．Weshouldn'tcomplainaboutbeingpoor—manyfamiliesaremu
chworse__________thanweare.[答案]1.to2.down3.out4.with5.offⅢ.完成句子1．Hetalksbig____________________everyt
hing.他夸夸其谈，好像什么都知道似的。2．Youwillhaveto_________________________________whatyouhave.你应该满足于你所拥有的一切。3．________________theaccuracyofthedata，theystucktoth
eiropinion.由于深信数据准确无误，他们坚持自己的意见。4．Thispicturewastakentwentyyearsago.Iwonderifyoucan______________myyoungerbrother.这张照片是20年前照的。我不知道你能否认出我弟弟
。5．She__________________asimplelife.她满足于一种简单的生活。[答案]1.asifheknew2．contentyourselfwith/becontentwith3．Convincedof4.pickout5．iscon
tenttolead/live课后作业(七)Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．LadyCatherinewas__________bythe__________newsthathernephewwouldmarryElizabeth.(a
stonish)2．I'm__________(convince)thatwecanovercomeanydifficulty.3．Withallthetasks__________(finish)，theywenttothecinemahap
pily.4．Thewatersupplyhasbeencut__________temporarilybecausetheworkersarerepairingoneofthemainpipes.5．Ifwearenotco
ntent__________theprogresswehavemade，wewillachievegreatersuccess.6．Thegirllistenedasifshe__________(be)turnedtostone.
7．Shecancountup__________onehundredandbackward.8．YoungpeopleliketowatchallkindsofTVprogramsfor__________(entertain)．9．Ev
ennowsomeuniversitiesare__________(bad)offforEnglishteachers.10．Heis__________failureasanactor，butasuccessasa__________(direct
)．[答案]1.astonished；astonishing2.convinced3．finished4.off5.with6.hadbeen7.to8．entertainment9.badly10.a；directorⅡ.短语填空feelcontentwith，badlyoff，entertai
n...with...，bewornout，cutoff，uptonow，beastonishedat，pickout，convince...of...，starin1．Withtheelectricity________________，a
llthemachineshadtostopworking.2．LastmonthIwenttovisitmyoldfriendandfoundhislivingconditionswere___________
_____thanmine.3．We________________afterharvestingthecropsinthefield.4．Shetriedherbestto__________us__________herhonest
yandinnocence.5．He__________thechildren__________allkindsofjokeswhilehiswifewasbusyinthekitchen.6．It'seasyto__________him__________inacrow
dbecauseheisverytall.7．Generallyspeaking，greatpeopleusuallydon't__________theachievementstheyhavemade.8．Thefamousactressha
s________________manyexcellentfilms.9．I________________theloudsoundandwokeupfrommydream.10．________________，theor
ganizationhasreceivedprivatedonationsofabout1,000,000yuanfromacrossthecountry.[答案]1.cutoff2.worseoff3.wereworno
ut4．convince；of5.entertained；with6.pick；out7．feelcontentwith8.starredin9.wasastonishedat10．UptonowⅢ.单句改错1．Withnobodynoticed，Islippedintotheroom.
______________2．Thechildrenenjoyedthemselveswiththeirhearts'content.______________3．Toherastonishing，hers
onhaspassedalltheexams.______________4．InthefinalgameSwedeneasilyovercamewithFrance.______________5．Themanagerdirectedthatthem
eetingwascancelled.______________6．Infactmostpeoplearewelloffthantheywerefiveyearsago.______________
7．Herememberedeverythingexactlyasifithashappenedyesterday.______________8．Ifoundhisspeechconvincedandadmiredhimforhiseloquence(能言善辩)．___
___________9．Wehadnochoicebuttohireamagiciantokeepthechildrenentertaining.______________10．Uptonow,wereceived3,000thanky
ounotefromalloverthecountry.______________[答案]1.noticed→noticing2.with→to3.astonishing→astonishment4.去掉with5.was→be6.well→better7.has→had8.con
vinced→convincing9．entertaining→entertained10.received前加haveⅣ.阅读理解AHumourisamosteffective,yetfrequentlyneglec
ted，meansofhandlingthedifficultsituationsinourlives.Itcanbeusedforpatchingupdifferences,apologizing,saying“no”，criticizing,andgettingtheotherfellowto
dowhatyouwantwithouthislosingface.Forsomejobs，itistheonlytoolthatcansucceed.Itisawaytodiscusssubjectssosensitivethataseriousdialoguemaysta
rtariot.Forexample,manybelievethatcomediansontelevisionaredoingmoretodayforracialandreligioustolerancethanpeopleinanyotherforum.Humourisoftenthe
bestwaytokeepasmallmisunderstandingfromescalating(升级)intoabigdeal.Recentlyaneighborofminehadaquarrelwithhiswifeasshedrovehimtotheairpor
t.Airborne,hefeltmiserable，andheknewshedid,too.Twohoursaftershereturnedhome,shereceivedalongdistancephonecall.“Persontopersonfo
rMrs.I.A.Pologize.”intonedtheoperator.“That'sspelled‘P’asin...”Inatwinkling(眨眼间)，thewholedaychangedfrombadtolovelyatbothendsofthewire.AnEngli
shhostesswithaquickwitwasgivingaformaldinnerforeightdistinguishedguestswhomshehopedtoenlist(赞助)inamajorcharitydrive.AusteritywasafashioninE
nglandatthetime,andshehadaskedherchildrentoservethemeal.Sheknewthatanythingcouldhappen...anditdid，justasherson，withthestudiedconcentrat
ionofatightropewalker,broughtinalargeroastturkey；hesuccessfullyelbowedtheswingingdiningroomdoor,butthebackswingthrewthebirdontot
hediningroomfloor.Theboystoodrooted,theguestsstaringattheirplates.Movingonlyherheadthehostesslookedatherson，“Noharm,Daniel”，shesaid，“justpickhi
mupandtakehimbacktothekitchen”...sheenunciated(发音)clearlysohewouldthinkaboutwhatshewassaying...“andbringintheotherone.”Awink
andaonelinerinstantlychangedthedinnerfromaredfacedembarrassmenttoalaughter.语篇解读：幽默能使我们有效地应对尴尬的局面。1．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．Humouristhekey
tosuccessinourworkandlives.B．Humourenablesustodealwithdifficultsituationseffectively.C．Humouristhebestw
aytocriticizesomeonewithoutlosinghisface.D．Humourmakesfunofanydifficultsituation.[解析]主旨大意题。从文章结构上分析，作
者在首段中就提出了本文的中心论点，而且其后的三段都对中心论点加以说明。首段的第一句又是本段的中心，下面所列出的一些幽默的作用都是具体的方面。故应选B项。[答案]B2．WhichofthefollowingisNOTstatedinthepas
sage?A．ComediansonTVarebelievedtohavedonealotinmakingpeoplemoretolerant(容忍)ofracialandreligiousdifferences.B．To
makeupdifferences,humourisamostacceptableandeffectivemeans.C．Peopleoftenturntohumorouswayswhenmeetingwithdifficultsitua
tionsbecauseofitseffectiveness.D．Onlybyadoptingthemeansofhumourcanonesucceedinsomejobs.[解析]细节理解题。选项A、D内容分别位
于第一段的末句和第三句中，选项B的内容虽然在原文中没有直接出现，但与第一段中所含意思相同。[答案]C3．Whatcausedtheroastturkeytodropontothefloor?A．Thebackwardmovementof
thedoor.B．Theson'srudebehavior.C．Someonehappenedtobeatthedoor.D．Thebirdraisedbythefamily.[解析]细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句可知他成功地用肘部推开了门，但是复位的
门却将火鸡打到了地上。故应选A项。[答案]A4．Whatdoyouthinkwouldprobablybetheresultifthehostessgotangryandscoldedtheson?A．Itwouldmaketheemba
rrassingsituationworse.B．Thesonwouldrefusetoservetheguestsanymore.C．Thesonwouldtalkbackandmakethemother
allthemoreangry.D．Theguestswouldleavebeforethedinnerwasover.[解析]推理判断题。由最后一段可推知答案。[答案]ABTheBritishareknownfortheirsenseofhumour
.However,itisoftendifficultforforeignerstounderstandtheirjokes.ThemainpointtorememberisthattheBritishoftenuseunderstatement(轻描
淡写)．Understatementmeanssayinglessthanyouthinkorfeel.Forexample,ifsomeonegetsverywetinashowerofrain,hemightsay，“It'salittledampou
tside.”Or,ifsomeoneisveryimpoliteandshoutsatanotherperson，someoneelsemightsay,“Sheisn'texactlyfriendly.”Understatementisoftenusedinanunpleasantsi
tuationortomakeanotherpersonlooksilly.UnderstatementplaysanimportantpartinBritishhumour.AnotherkeytounderstandingBri
tishhumouristhattheBritishliketomakefunofthemselvesaswellasothers.Theyoftenlaughaboutthesillyandunpleasantthingst
hathappentooureverydaylifewhensomeoneaccidentallyfallsoverinthestreet.Theyalsoliketomakejokesaboutpeoplefromdiffer
entclassesofsociety.Theyliketomakejokesabouttheiraccents(口音),thewaytheydressandthewaytheybehave.What'smo
re,theBritishlovetowatchcomediesaboutpeoplewhodonotknowhowtobehaveinsociety.ThecomedyseriesMr.Beanisag
oodexampleofthiskindofhumour.Mr.BeanisthecharactercreatedbyBritishactorRowanAtkinsonin1990.Mr.Beandoesn'ttalkoften,andinste
adheuseshisbodymovementsandfacialexpressionstomakepeoplelaugh.PerhapswhatmakesMr.Beansofunnyisthathedoesthingsthatadultsintherealworld
cannotdo.Mr.BeanispopularinmanycountriesaroundtheworldbecauseyoudonothavetospeakEnglishtounderstandthehum
our.Becauseofthis,manypeoplehavebecomefamiliarwiththeBritishsenseofhumour.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了英国人幽默的关键点是轻描淡写和喜欢开自己和他人的玩笑。5．Whyis
itdifficultforforeignerstounderstandBritishjokes?A．TheBritishoftensticktothefacts.B．Britishjokesareinvolvedwithmanydifferentcultures.C．Briti
shjokesarenotasfunnyasjokesinothercountries.D．TheBritishtrytomakeoutthatsomethingislessimportantthanitis.[解析]细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Themainp
ointtorememberisthattheBritishoftenuseunderstatement(轻描淡写)．”以及第二段第一句“Understatementmeanssayinglessthanyouthinkorfeel.”可知，英国文化(包含英式幽默)的主要特点就是
对叙述的事情轻描淡写。[答案]D6．Theauthorexplainsunderstatementby__________.A．describingprocessB．makingcomparisonsC．followingtimeorderD．usingexamples[解析]写作手法题
。在第二段中，作者通过举例子让读者明白什么是轻描淡写的陈述；在第四段中，作者通过憨豆先生的例子来具体说明英式幽默，故选D。[答案]D7．Mr.Beanmakespeoplelaughby__________.A．usinghisbodymovementsandfacia
lexpressionsB．makingjokesaboutothers'accentsC．copyingothers'behaviorD．tellingfunnystories[解析]细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“heuseshisbodymovementsandfaci
alexpressionstomakepeoplelaugh”可知，Mr.Bean通过自己的肢体活动和面部表情逗人们笑。[答案]A8．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．BritishHumourinCom
edyB．HumourinDifferentCulturesC．UnderstandingBritishHumourD．DevelopingYourSenseofHumour[解析]标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了英国人幽默的关键点是轻描淡写和喜欢开自己和他人的玩笑，因此UnderstandingB
ritishHumour为最佳标题。[答案]CⅤ.七选五阅读填空Peoplelieallthetime，butdependingonhowskilledtheyare，itcanbedifficulttodete
rminewhensomeoneislyingtoyou.Doyouknowhowtorecognizethesignsthatsomeoneislyingtoyou?Someofthesignsareobviouswhileothersaremoresubliminal(难以察觉的),bu
ttherearewaystocatchsomeoneinalie,andyoujustneedtoknowwhattheyare.____1____1．Liarsmakefalseeyecontact.Apersonwhoislyingtoyouwon'tmakeeyecontactwith
youortheymaketoomucheyecontact.Ifapersonislyingtheymayfeelyouarewatchinghimandhewilllookdownatthefloororawayfromyoureye
s.Somepeopletrytostareyouinthefacedeliberately.____2____2．Liarsavoidusingcontractions(缩略形式)．Theliarwillsay“Idi
dNOTnoticethat.”insteadof“Ididn'tnoticethat.”____3____Usuallyitendsupmakingthestoryalotlessbelievable.3．Liarsuseunnaturalbodylanguage.Liarsoften
feeluneasy，turnawayfromthepersontowhomtheyarespeaking，blink(眨眼)rapidly，smilelessandhavepitchchangesintheirtoneof
voice.Theymaycrosstheirarmswhichisasignofbeing“closed”ortryingnottorevealtoomuchinformation.____4____Theycouldtouchpartsoftheirface,anearoranoseo
rplaywithkeysoranotheritemthattheyhaveintheirhand.4．Liarsprovideadditionalinformationwithoutbeingaskedforit.____5____Theresultisthemor
ecomplicatedthestoryis,thelessbelievableitwillbe.Youwillhavethefeelingthatnothingcouldbefurtherfromthetrut
h.A．Thisisanattemptbytheliartobeabsolutelyclearwhattheymean.B．Herearesomeeasywaystorecognizeliarsandcatchlies.C．Sometimespeoplelookunnatu
ralwhentheyarelying.D．Theywillgetangryifyoudoubttheirstory.E．Theyseemtothinkthatbytellingtheirstoryindetail，youwillfinditmor
ebelievable.F．Theytrytochangethesubjectormovetheconversationinadifferentdirection.G．Inthiswaytheyfeellikema
kingeyecontactwillmakewhattheyaresayingmorebelievable.语篇解读：本文从四个方面讲述了如何识别别人的谎言并揭穿他们。1．[解析]下文分段落讲述了如何识别别人的谎话。因此，
选B项。[答案]B2．[解析]本段解释了为什么说谎的人会有错误的眼神接触。有的说谎者眼神游离，而有的刻意地努力盯着你的脸。他们这样做，就是为了让你相信他们说的话是真的。[答案]G3．[解析]说谎者不使用缩略形式，这是他们意图让对方完全听清楚他们所说的话。而这往往会让他们弄巧成拙。[答案
]A4．[解析]本段揭露了说谎者在说谎的时候通常伴随有不自然的身体语言。[答案]C5．[解析]说谎者往往没有等到别人问起，就给出更多的信息。他们好像觉得，说的话越详细，你就会觉得它越可信。[答案]E获得更多资源请扫码加入享学资源网微信公众号www.xiangxue100.com
