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乌鲁木齐市第61中学2022-2023学年高一下学期开学考试英语试题(考试范围:必修第一册)总分120分考试时间120分钟一、阅读理解(共32分)Whenachunkoficefellfromacollapsingglacier(冰川)on
theSwissAlps’MountEigerin2017,partofthelongdeepsounditproducedwastoolowforhumanearstodetect.Butthesevibrationsheldakeytocalculatingthe
iceavalanche’s(崩塌)criticalcharacteristics.Low-frequencysoundwavescalledinfrasoundthattravelgreatdistancesthroughtheatmospherearealreadyus
edtomonitoractivevolcanoesfromafar.Nowsomeresearchersinthisfieldhaveswitchedfocusfromfiretoice:dangerousblockssnap
pingoffglaciers.Previousworkhasanalyzedinfrasoundfromsnowavalanchesbutneverice,saysBoiseStateUniversitygeophysicistJeffreyJohnson.“Thiswasdi
fferent,”Johnsonsays.“Asignatureofanewmaterialhasbeendetectedwithinfrasound.”Usuallyglaciersmovefart
ooslowlytogenerateaninfrasoundsignal,whichresearcherspickupusingdetectorsthattrackslightchangesinairpressure.Butacollapse—asudden
,rapidbreakingoficefromtheglacier’smainbody—isaprolificinfrasoundproducer.Glacialcollapsesdriveiceavalanches,whichposeanincre
asingthreattopeopleinmountainousregionsasrisingtemperaturesweakenlargefieldsofice.Aglacier“canbecomedetachedfromthe
groundduetomelting,causingbiggerbreak—offs,”saysUniversityofFlorencegeologistEmanueleMarchetti,leadauthorofthene
wstudy.Asthethreatgrows,scientistsseeknewwaystomonitoranddetectsuchcollapses.Researchersoftenuseradartotrac
kiceavalanches,whichisprecisebutexpensiveandcanmonitoronlyonespecificlocationandneighboringavalanchepat
hs.Infrasound,Marchettisays,ischeaperandcandetectbreak—offeventsaroundamuchbroaderareaaswellasmultipleavalanchesacrossamountain.Itischal
lenging,however,toseparateasignalintoitscomponents(suchastrafficnoises,individualavalanchesandnearbyearth
quakes)withoutadditionalmeasurements,saysETHZurichglaciologistMalgorzataChmiel.“ThemodelusedbyMarchettiisafirstapproximationforthis,”shesays.Is
olatingtherelevantsignalhelpstheresearchersmonitoraniceavalanche’sspeed,pathandvolumefromafarusinginfrasound.Marchetti
andhiscolleaguesarenowworkingtoimprovetheirdetectorstopickupmoresignalsacrossat-riskregionsinEurope,
andtheyhavesetupcollaborationsaroundthecontinenttobetterunderstandsignalsthatcollapsingglaciersproduce.Theyarealsorefini
ngtheirmathematicalanalysistofigureouteachicecascade’sphysicaldetails.1.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2and
Paragraph3?A.Infrasoundhasamajorroletoplayindiscoveringnewmaterials.B.Iceavalanchesareabiggerthreattopeoplethanvolcaniceruptions.C.Research
ersaretryingtouseinfrasoundindetectingiceavalanches.D.Scientistsemployinfrasoundmoreinmountainareasthaninotherplaces.
2.Whichisanadvantageofinfrasoundoverradar?A.Thecombinationwithotherrelevantsignals.B.Theaccuracyinlocatingacertainavalanche.C.Theab
ilityinpickingupsignalsinwiderareas.D.Thesensitivityintrackingairpressurechanges.3.Theunderlinedword“this”inParagraph4refersto________.A.
distinguishingdifferentcomponentsofasignalB.detectingmultipleavalanchesatthesametimeC.calculatingthespeeda
ndpathoficeavalanchesD.monitoringthespecificlocationoficebreak—offs4.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Fro
mFiretoIceB.GlacierWhispersC.NatureisWarningD.SecretofIceAvalanchesAfterfinishingmyteachingforaschoolyear.Ithoughtt
hatIshouldgobacktoMontreal,Quebec,myhometown,foravisit.Mymaingoalwastorelaxinpreparationforthechallengesofmyretirementinthecomingyear.Throughmys
tayinMontreal,ImetlotsofChinesewhoweretryinghardtosucceedandthenledabetterlifeinCanada.Sometravelledthousandso
fmilestogetknowledge.WhenIspokewithsomeofthemaboutthemajorbarriertheyhadtofaceaftertheyarrivedinCanada,theyallta
lkedaboutthetwoofficiallanguagesofCanada.ButIwasimpressedbytheirabilitytoexpresstheirideaswhiletheywerechang
ingbetweenEnglishandFrench.Almostallofthosepeoplesaidtheyoftenfelthomesick.Theymissedtheirfamiliesandfrien
ds.ThoughMontrealhadlotsofChineserestaurants,theylongedforahome-cookedmeal.Imetsometouristswhoweretryingtorealizetheirchildho
oddreamsofexperiencingthelifeinadevelopedcountry.WhenIaskedthemifMontrealhadliveduptotheirexpectations,theyhesitated.Theysaidthatrealitynev
eragreedwithfantasies.However,theyweregladtohavetheopportunitytovisitMontrealanddidn’tregrettakingthetrip.N
otalltheChinesepeopleImetwerehappy.IoncemetayoungladywhometwithagentlemanthroughtheInternet.However,toherdisappoi
ntment,hedisappearedafterhepromisedtomarryherinMontreal.IwasservedbyanotherChinesepersonwhocouldnotdealwith
thechallengesofstudyinginanEnglish-speakingenvironmentandendedupworkinginarestaurantwithlowpay.Exploringdifferentpartsoftheworld,withou
tanydoubt,isarichexperience.However,oneshouldberealisticwhenitcomestoleavinghishometowntostartanewlifeinaforeigncountry.Onesh
ouldspendtimeexaminingtheadvantagesandshortcomingsoftheadventurebeforehedecidestochaseanuncertaindreamofachievingsuccessorl
eadingabetterlife.5.Whydidtheauthorgobacktohishometown?A.Tomeethisoldfriends.B.Tostudyanewlanguage.C.Togoonwithhisteaching.D.Toprepareforh
isretirementlife.6.WhatisthemainbarrierforsomeChineselongingtogetknowledgeinCanada?A.Food.B.Languages.C.Homesickness.D.Income.7.Theauthorthinksthat
______.A.overseasChinesearegoodatcommunicationinCanadaB.peopleoftenexpresstheirregretatthetriptoMontrealC.overseasChinesefeeldisappointedattheirlif
einCanadaD.peopleshouldthinkcarefullybeforechasingtheirdreamsabroad8.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ImprovingLifeSkillsinCanadaB.Explor
ingDifferentPartsofCanadaC.StrugglingforaBetterLifeinCanadaD.GoingtoCanada—YourIdealDestinationForCanaanElementary’ssecondgradeinPatchogu
e,N.Y.,todayisspeechday,andrightnowit’sChrisPalaez’sturn.The8-year-oldisthejokeroftheclass.Withshiningdarkeyes,heseemslikethekindofkidwhowouldenjo
ypublicspeaking.Buthe’snervous.“I’mheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould…should…”Christripsonthe“-ld,”apronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEn
glishspeakers.Histeacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,whisperingsupport.“…Votefor…me…”Exceptforsomestumbles,Chrisisdo
ingamazinglywell.Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion,Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehim.Asonofimmigrants,Chrisstar
edlearningEnglishalittleoverthreeyearsago.Whaleyrecalls(回想起)howatthebeginningoftheyear,whencalledupontoread,Chriswouldexcusehimsel
ftogotothebathroom.LearningEnglishasasecondlanguagecanbeapainfulexperience.Whatyouneedisagreatteacherwh
oletsyoumakemistakes.“Ittakesalotforanystudent,”Whaleyexplains,“especiallyforastudentwhoislearningEngli
shastheirnewlanguage,tofeelconfidentenoughtosay,‘Idon’tknow,butIwanttoknow.’”Whaleygottheideaofthissecond-gradepre
sidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.T
heanswerbrokehisheart.Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast(夸耀)aboutthemselves.“Boas
tingaboutyourself,andyourbestqualities,”Whaleysays,“isverydifficultforachildwhocameintotheclassroomnotfeelingconfident.”9.WhatmadeChrisn
ervous?A.Tellingastory.B.Makingaspeech.C.Takingatest.D.Answeringaquestion.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stumbles”inparagraph2r
eferto?A.Improperpauses.B.Badmanners.C.Spellingmistakes.D.Sillyjokes.11.WecaninferthatthepurposeofWhaley’sprojectisto_________.A.helpstudentsseethei
rownstrengthsB.assessstudents’publicspeakingskillsC.preparestudentsfortheirfuturejobsD.inspirestudents’lovef
orpolitics12.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesWhaleyasateacher?A.Humorous.B.Ambitious.C.Caring.D.Demanding.A99-yearoldAustralianswimmerappearstoh
avebrokenaworldrecordforhisagegroupinthe50mfreestyle.Thelikelynewworldrecordholder,GeorgeCorones,clocked56.12secondsatanof
ficialeventinQueensland—anewbenchmarkforthe100-104agecategory.Hefadedthepreviousrecordof1:31.19,whichwassetbyBritishswimmerJohnHarrisonin2014,b
y35seconds.Itwillnowbeaffirmedbythesport’sgoverningbody.Corones,whoisquailedfortherecordbecauseheturns100inA
pril,saidhewas“quitedelighted”and“overtheworld”bytheresult.Hesaidhehadbeenoverwhelmedbythe“roaring”crowdontheGoldCoastonWednesday.The
event,inwhichhewastheonlyentrant(新成员),hadbeenspeciallystagedforhimtochallengetherecord.Coroneswasakeenswimmerinhisyouthbutonlybegantolearnswimmin
gagainattheageof80.HegaveitupatthebeginningoftheWorldWarⅡ,andhedidn’tthinkhewouldhaveaswimofanydescriptionuntilheretired.Thenhes
tartedswimmingagainforexercise.Racingundeniably(不可否认的)challengedhimphysically,butitwasmanageablewithpreparation.Onaverage
heswimsthreetimesaweek,andalsofitsingymsessions.“Atthisageittakesawhiletogetgoing...yougetexhaustedmuchmoreeasily,butifyoudoitp
roperly,therewardsareastronomical,”hesaid.Coroneswillchallengethe100mfreestylerecordonSaturdaynight,believinghecanbeat
thecurrentmarkof03:23.10,whichwasalsosetbyHarrison.“I’mnotayoungmanbyanymeans,butIamrallylookingforwardtoi
tandconfidentIcandoitverywell,”hesaid.13.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingparagraph1?A.ToshowwhoJohnHarrisonis.B.Tointroducethetopicofthetext.C.
Toemphasizetheimportanceofage.D.Toexplainthereasonforwritingthetext.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“astronomical”inparagraph4mean?A.Original.B.Huge.C.B
rief.D.Precise.15.WhatdoesCoronesplantodonext?A.ChallengeHarrisonagain.B.Prepareforhis100thbirthdayparty.C.Celebratehis
success.D.Challengethe100mbackstroke.16.WhatdoestheauthortellusbytellingCorones’sstory?A.It’snevertoolatetolearn
.B.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.C.Onegoodturndeservesanother.D.Lazinessinyouthspellsregretinoldage.二、七选五(共10分)IsFreshAirReallyGoodforYou?Weallgrewuph
earingpeopletellusto“gooutandgetsomefreshair.”___17___Accordingtorecentstudies,theanswerisabigYES,iftheairqualityinyo
urcampingareaisgood.___18___Iftheairyou’rebreathingisclean—whichitwouldbeifyou’reawayfromthesmogofcities—thentheairisfilled
withlife-giving,energizingoxygen.Ifyouexerciseoutofdoors,yourbodywilllearntobreathemoredeeply,allowingevenmoreoxygentogettoyourmus
cles(肌肉)andyourbrain.Recently,peoplehavebegunstudyingtheconnectionbetweenthenaturalworldandhealing(治愈).___
19___Intheseplacespatientscangotobenearnatureduringtheirrecovery.Itturnsoutthatjustlookingatgreen,growingthingscanredu
cestress,lowerbloodpressure,andputpeopleintoabettermood(情绪).Greeneryisgoodforus.Hospitalpatientswhoseetreebranchesouttheirwindowarelikelytorecove
ratafasterratethanpatientswhoseebuildingsorskyinstead.___20___Itgivesusagreatfeelingofpeace.___21___While
thesun’srayscanageandharmourskin,theyalsogiveusbeneficialVitaminD.TomakesureyougetenoughVitaminD—butstillprotectyourskin—putonsunscreenrigh
tasyouheadoutside.Ittakessunscreenaboutfifteenminutestostartworking,andthat’splentyoftimeforyourskintoabsorbaday’sworthofVitaminD.A.Fres
haircleansourlungs.B.Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?C.Beinginnaturerefreshesus.D.Anothersidebenefitofgettingfreshairi
ssunlight.E.Butisfreshairreallyasgoodforyouasyourmotheralwayssaid?F.Justasimportantly,wetendtoassociateairwithhealthcare.G.All
acrossthecountry,recoverycentershavebegunbuildingHealingGardens.三、完形填空(共30分)Youshouldseethephoto.I’ms
ittinginreddirt,____22____anuglypurpleT-shirt.Myfaceispinkandmyhairiswetwithsweat.Fliesbuzzaroundmyhead.I’min
thenorthwestofAustralia,onaschooltripwith20parentsand20kids.Itwasastrangechoiceforaholiday.Ilikesittingbythepoolwithacola,notfliesandfrogs.Ilik
ebeing____23____andquiet,notabusloadofkids.Ilike____24____washedsheets,notdirty-lookingblankets.Buthere’sthethingaboutthatphoto:Iam
smiling!ThetripsoundedgoodwhenI____25____.WeweretoldthatguideswouldtakeusintotheheartoftheplaceandIwouldse
eanewpartofAustraliaandlearnaboutlocal____26____.BesidesIknewitwouldbeavaluablechanceformetostaywithmyyoungestdaughter.Iwouldalsostaywith40strang
ers.Ijusthopetherewouldbegoodcoffee.InDarwinwegotontoabus.Itquicklybecametiresome.Thekidswere____27____andkeptontalkingbutIh
atemakingsmalltalk.ButlaterwhenIlookedoutatthelargeemptyland,Iwassurprisedatandmovedbyits____28____.Ourlocalguidetoldusabouttheland
andhisculture.Ifeltfarfromhome.Finallywereachedour____29____.TherethesmallroomIsharedwithmydaughterwasabrickcell,fullofcrickets(蟋蟀),buttoodar
ktoseethem.Itdidn’tmatter.Thenextninedayswere____30____.Waterfalls,lakes,communityvisits,andatriparoundKatherineGorgewhereweevensawgiantcrocodiles!
Onourlastnight,awaterpipe(管子)____31____.Weawoketoamess,everythinginwater.UsuallyIwouldhave____32____,butitjustseemed____33____tobedirty.Indeed,itwa
s____34____tostayclean.Wewerehikinginreddirtwithtemperaturesof35degrees.Still,IfeltakindofenergyIhadn’t____35____inyears.Yes,thecof
feewasbad,butIwastoofocusedonkeepingcricketsoffmyface.Ilovethatphotoofmeinthedirt.Ilookmessybuthappy.Sometimesit’sanotherwayoftravelin
g.Thereisbeautiful____36____andthereisdirt.Therewasalwayssomeonetotalkto,someonetolaughwith.22.A.washingB.wearingC.wavingD.watching23.A.noisyB
.busyC.aloneD.shy24.A.shortlyB.cautiouslyC.freshlyD.clearly25.A.signedupB.showedupC.stoodupD.wokeup26.A.guideB.businessC.cultureD.
resource27.A.silentB.encouragedC.moodyD.excited28.A.coldnessB.beautyC.enthusiasmD.emptiness29.A.goalB.agreementC.de
stinationD.decision30.A.killedB.packedC.wastedD.booked31.A.cutB.expandedC.shortenedD.broke32.A.scaredB.complainedC.laughedD.saddene
d33.A.normalB.strangeC.unbelievableD.perfect34.A.impossibleB.probableC.easyD.important35.A.testedB.storedC.valuedD.experienced36.A.dressB.w
eatherC.sceneryD.room四、短文改错(共10分)37.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词外加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的
词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词:2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。Ifeelverythrilli
ngtotalkabouttheadvantagesoflearningEnglish.Minetopictodayis“BetterEnglish,BetterLife”.Tobeginwith,havingabettercomman
dofEnglisharemorelikelytocontributetravelingabroad.Also,itenablesustoreadorwatchoriginallyEnglishworks,thusoffered
usthechancetoknowaboutforeignculture.Inanaddition,betterEnglishcanimproveouracademiclevel,whoincreasesthepossibilityofouradm
issiontobetteruniversities.Finally,internationalcompanyalwayspreferthosewhoarebetteratEnglish.Fromwh
athasbeenstateabove,itisclearthatbetterEnglishcanbetterourlives.五、根据课文内容填空(共10分)根据课文内容填空Thefourcountriesthat______38______totheUnitedKingdom
worktogetherinsomeareas.Theyusethesameflag,______39______astheUnionJack,aswell______40______sharethesamecur
rencyandmilitary______41______.However,theyalsohavesomedifferences.Forexample,England,Wales,Scotland,andNorthernIrelandallh
avedifferenteducationsystemsandlegalsystems.Theyalsohavetheirown______42______,liketheirownnationaldaysandnationaldishes.Andtheyevenhavetheirow
nfootballteamsforcompetitionsliketheWorldCup!六、作文(共28分)43.假设你是高一学生李华,期末考试日益临近,但是你发现在英语学习中遇到了一些困难,请给你的英国朋
友Alex写一封邮件,向他求助。内容包括:1.你的困难(记不住单词;听不懂中心;不会正确使用语法;)2.寻求帮助。注意:词数80词左右,可适当增加细节,使行文连贯;开头结尾已给出,不计入总词数。DearAlex,Howisev
erythinggoingwithyou?Ourfinaltermexamisdrawingnear._________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyanswer.Yours,LiHua高一英语开学考试答案:1.C2.C3.A4.B【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介
绍冰崩会发出大量的次声波,研究人员正在尝试用次声探测技术来检测和探测冰崩。1.细节理解题。根据第二段的“Previousworkhasanalyzedinfrasoundfromsnowavalanchesbutneverice,saysBoiseSta
teUniversitygeophysicistJeffreyJohnson.(博伊西州立大学的地球物理学家JeffreyJohnson说,之前的工作分析过雪崩的次声,但从未分析过冰的次声)”和第三段
的“Butacollapse—asudden,rapidbreakingoficefromtheglacier’smainbody—isaprolificinfrasoundproducer.(但是冰川的崩塌——冰川主体的冰突然迅速断裂——是大量次声的产生者)”和“Asthet
hreatgrows,scientistsseeknewwaystomonitoranddetectsuchcollapses.(随着威胁的增加,科学家们寻求新的方法来监测和探测这种崩塌)”可知,从第二和第三段我们知道研究人员正试图利用次声探测冰崩。故选C。2.
细节理解题。根据第四段的“Researchersoftenuseradartotrackiceavalanches,whichisprecisebutexpensiveandcanmonitoronlyonespecificlocationandneighborin
gavalanchepaths.Infrasound,Marchettisays,ischeaperandcandetectbreak—offeventsaroundamuchbroaderareaaswellasmultipleavalanchesacrossamountain.
(研究人员经常使用雷达来跟踪冰雪崩,这种方法精确但昂贵,而且只能监测一个特定的位置和邻近的雪崩路径。马尔凯蒂说,次声探测技术成本更低,可以探测到更广阔的区域附近的断裂事件,以及山脉上的多次雪崩)”可知,和雷达相比次声探测的优势是能接收更大范围内的信号。
故选C。3.词句猜测题。分析句子可知,句中this应指代上文出现的内容。根据第四段的“Itischallenging,however,toseparateasignalintoitscomponents(suchastrafficnoises,individualavalanchesandne
arbyearthquakes)withoutadditionalmeasurements,saysETHZurichglaciologistMalgorzataChmiel.(然而,苏黎世联邦理工学院的冰川
学家MalgorzataChmiel说,在没有额外测量的情况下,将一个信号分解成它的组成部分(如交通噪音、单独的雪崩和附近的地震)是一项挑战)”推知,this指代“区分信号的成分”,即马尔凯蒂使用的模型
是区分信号成分的初步近似(该模型能区分出信号的不同成分)。故选A。4.主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容,尤其第一段的“Butthesevibrationsheldakeytocalculatingtheiceavalanche’s(崩塌)criticalcharacteri
stics.(但这些振动是计算冰崩临界特性的关键)”和第三段的“Butacollapse—asudden,rapidbreakingoficefromtheglacier’smainbody—isaprolificinfrasoundproducer.(但是冰川的崩
塌——冰川主体的冰突然迅速断裂——是大量次声的产生者)”和“Asthethreatgrows,scientistsseeknewwaystomonitoranddetectsuchcollapses.(随着威胁的增加,科学家们寻求新的方法来监测和探测这种崩塌)”可知,冰崩会发出大量的
次声波,研究人员正在尝试用次声探测技术来检测和探测冰崩。故B项“冰川低语”可以作为本文标题,吸引读者。故选B。5.D6.B7.D8.C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者从很多在加拿大生活、学习的中国人的经历中了解到在加拿大奋
斗过上更好的生活很不易。5.细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Mymaingoalwastorelaxinpreparationforthechallengesofmyretirementinthecomingyear.(我的主要目标是放松,为明年退休后的挑战做准备)”可知
,作者回到家乡为退休生活做准备。故选D。6.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“WhenIspokewithsomeofthemaboutthemajorbarriertheyhadtofaceaftertheyarrivedinCanada,theyalltalkedaboutthet
woofficiallanguagesofCanada.(当我和他们中的一些人谈到他们抵达加拿大后必须面对的主要障碍时,他们都谈到了加拿大的两种官方语言)”可知,一些中国人在蒙特利尔学习知识的主要障碍是语言。故选B。7.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“On
eshouldspendtimeexaminingtheadvantagesandshortcomingsoftheadventurebeforehedecidestochaseanuncertaindreamofachievingsuccessorle
adingabetterlife.(一个人应该花时间审视冒险的优点和缺点,然后再决定追逐一个不确定的梦想,即获得成功或过上更好的生活)”可知,作者认为人们在追逐出国的梦想之前应该考虑清楚。故选D。8.主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本
文主要讲了作者从很多在加拿大生活、学习的中国人的经历中了解到在加拿大奋斗过上更好的生活很不易。由此可知,StrugglingforaBetterLifeinCanada(在加拿大为更好的生活而奋斗)适合作本文最佳标题。故选B。9.B10.A11.A12.C【导语】本文属
于记叙文。文章讲述了纽约一所小学二年级的老师树立信心,看到自己的优点,发起一项总统竞选演讲活动。9.细节理解题。根据第一段“todayisspeechday(今天是演讲日)”和“Withshiningdarkeyes,heseemslikethekindofkidwhowouldenj
oypublicspeaking.(他有着明亮的黑眼睛,似乎是那种喜欢公开演讲的孩子。)”以及第二段第一句“Buthe’snervous.(但是他很紧张。)”可知,Chris是因为做演讲紧张,故选B。10.词句猜测题。根据第二段“
“I’mheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould…should…”Christripsonthe“-ld,”apronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.(“我今天在这里
告诉你为什么你应该……应该……”克里斯说到了“-ld”,这是许多非英语母语人士的发音困难。)”可知,他发ld困难,故推知是他有些结巴,停顿不准确,stumbles的意思是“不适当的停顿”,即Improperpauses,故选A。11.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Wha
leysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast(夸耀)aboutthemselves.(威利说,这个项目不仅仅是学习在公众面前阅读和说话。他
想让这些孩子学会自我吹嘘。)”以及最后一段““Boastingaboutyourself,andyourbestqualities,”Whaleysays,“isverydifficultforachildwhocameintotheclassroomnotfeelingconfide
nt.”(“吹嘘自己和自己最好的品质,”威利说,“对于一个走进教室却不自信的孩子来说是非常困难的。”)”可知,Whaley老师这么做是为了帮助学生认识自己的优势,培养自信,故选A。12.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Whaleygottheideaofthissecond-gradepreside
ntialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.(威利的这个二年级总统竞选项目的灵
感来自于他有一天让孩子们举起手,如果他们认为自己永远不会成为总统。)”和“Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast(夸耀)aboutthemselves.(他想让这些孩子学会自我吹嘘。)”可知,这位老师很关心学生的成长。故选C。13.B1
4.B15.A16.A【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了99岁的澳大利亚游泳运动员GeorgeCorones,似乎打破了他所在年龄段的50米自由泳世界纪录,并且介绍了GeorgeCorones和观众对这场比赛的态度,以及他接下来的打算。13.推理判断题。根据第一段“A
99-yearoldAustralianswimmerappearstohavebrokenaworldrecordforhisagegroupinthe50mfreestyle.Thelikelynewworldrecordholder,GeorgeCorones,clocked56.
12secondsatanofficialeventinQueensland—anewbenchmarkforthe100-104agecategory.Hefadedthepreviousrecordof1:31.19,whichwassetbyBriti
shswimmerJohnHarrisonin2014,by35seconds.Itwillnowbeaffirmedbythesport’sgoverningbody.(一位99岁的澳大利亚游泳运动员似乎打破了他所在年龄段的50米自由泳世界纪录。有可能成为新的世界纪录保持
者的GeorgeCorones在昆士兰的一次官方活动中以56.12秒的成绩打破了100-104岁年龄段的纪录。他打破了之前1分31.19秒的记录。这是由英国游泳选手JohnHarrison在2014年以35秒的优势创造的。现在将由体
育管理机构确认)”,再结合下文分析GeorgeCorones对这次打破纪录的态度,准备以及接下来的打算,可知作者撰写第1段的目的是引出文本的主题。故选B。14.词句猜测题。根据第四段““Atthisa
geittakesawhiletogetgoing...yougetexhaustedmuchmoreeasily,butifyoudoitproperly,therewardsareastronomical,”hesaid.(他说:“在这个年龄,你需要一段时间才能开始……你更容易筋疲力尽,但如
果你做得好,回报将是astronomical。”)”,可知在这个年龄,如果你做得好,回报将是巨大的,B选项Huge(巨大的)符合题意。故选B。15.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Coroneswillchallengethe100
mfreestylerecordonSaturdaynight,believinghecanbeatthecurrentmarkof03:23.10,whichwasalsosetbyHarrison.(Corones将在周六晚上挑战100米自由泳纪录,他相信自己能够打破哈里
森创造的03分23.10秒的纪录)”,可知Corones接下来计划再次挑战Harrison。故选A。16.推理判断题。根据最后一段““I’mnotayoungmanbyanymeans,butIamrallylookingforward
toitandconfidentIcandoitverywell,”hesaid.(“无论如何,我都不是一个年轻人,但我非常期待这场比赛,并相信我能做得很好,”他说)”,结合文章大意,99岁的澳大利亚游泳运动员GeorgeCorones,在80岁时才重新开始学习游泳,似乎打破了他所在年龄段
的50米自由泳世界纪录,并且他积极乐观,努力锻炼,决定再次挑战100米自由泳纪录。可知作者通过讲述Corones的故事告诉了我们活到老,学到老。故选A。17.E18.A19.G20.C21.D【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新鲜空气对人体的各种好处。17.根据下一句中的“theansweris
abigYES”可知,该空应该是一个一般疑问句,选项中只有E选项是一般疑问句。E项“但是新鲜空气真得像你母亲说的那样对你有好处吗?”承上启下,故选E。空前的peopletellusto“gooutandgetsomef
reshair”和选项中的“yourmotheralwayssaid”亦是呼应。18.根据下一句中提到的“Iftheairyou’rebreathingisclean…theairisfilledwithlife-giving,energizingoxygen”可知,新鲜空气充满赋予
人生命的,充满活力的氧气。再根据下文中“…breathemoredeeply,allowingmoreoxygentogettoyourmusclesandyourbrain”是对前文的递进,在户外,更多的氧气进入你的肌肉
和大脑。根据前面的分析可以推知,该空应该提到新鲜空气的基本作用,根据常识,我们知道吸入的空气首先进入的是肺部,然后才会使我们的肌肉和大脑受益,故该空应选A项“新鲜空气清洁我们的肺部”。19.根据下一句中提到的“theseplac
es”可以推知,该空应该提到表示地点的复数名词。选项中只有G选项提到该类名词,故G项“在全国,康复中心已经开始建造‘康复花园’。”theseplaces就是指HealingGardens。20.前文介绍的是“康复花园”中的绿色植物对于病人康复的好的作用:绿色的正在成长的植物可以减轻压力
,降低血压,使人情绪良好;空后提到“它给我们一种平和感”。该空起承上启下的作用,仍然要提到处于“康复花园”这种自然环境中的好处,空后的it也要指代这种情况。故选C项“身处大自然可以使人精神焕发。”21.根据下文中提到的“thesun’srays…
giveusbeneficialVitaminD”可知,该段介绍阳光的好处。故该选项应该提到阳光。选项中只有D选项涉及阳光。故选D项“获得新鲜空气的另一个好处是阳光。”22.B23.C24.C25.A26.C27.D28.B29.C30.B31.D32.B33.A34.A35.D
36.C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述了作者在一次旅行中的经历和感受,虽然当时的处境和状况不是很好,但是却很快乐。22.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我坐在红土上,穿着一件难看的紫色T恤。A.washing
洗;B.wearing穿;C.waving挥舞;D.watching观看。根据“anuglypurpleT-shirt(一件难看的紫色T恤)”可知,这里指作者穿着这件衣服。故选B。23.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我喜欢独
处和安静,而不是一车孩子。A.noisy吵闹的;B.busy繁忙的;C.alone独自的;D.shy害羞的。根据and后面的形容词quiet(安静的)可知,应该选择alone与其并列,表示作者喜欢独处
和安静。故选C。24.考查副词词义辨析。句意:我喜欢刚洗过的床单,不喜欢看起来脏兮兮的毯子。A.shortly立刻;B.cautiously小心地;C.freshly新,新近,刚才;D.clearly清楚地。根据“notdirty
-lookingblankets(不是看起来脏兮兮的毯子)”可知,作者喜欢新洗过的床单。故选C。25.考查动词短语辨析。句意:当我报名时,这趟旅行听起来很不错。A.signedup报名;B.showedup出现;C.stoodup站起来;D.wokeup
叫醒,醒来。根据“Thetripsoundedgood.(这趟旅行听起来很不错。)”和“WeweretoldthatguideswouldtakeusintotheheartoftheplaceandIwouldseeanewpartofAustralia.(我们被告知导游会带我们进入这个地
方的中心以及我会看到澳大利亚的一个新地方。)”可知,这里描述的是作者报名这次旅行之时得到的信息。故选A。26.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们被告知导游会带我们进入这个地方的中心以及我会看到澳大利亚的一个新地方和了解当地
的文化。A.guide向导;B.business商业;C.culture文化;D.resource资源。根据下文的“Ourlocalguidetoldusaboutthelandandhisculture.(我们的当地导游向我们介绍了这片土地和其文化。)”可知,作者在导游的带领下,到一个新地方
要了解当地的文化。故选C。27.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:孩子们很兴奋,不停地说着话,但我讨厌闲聊。A.silent沉默的;B.encouraged受到鼓励的;C.moody情绪化的;D.excited激动的,兴奋的。根据“keptontalki
ng(不停地说着话)”可知,孩子们在旅途中很兴奋。故选D。28.考查名词词义辨析。句意:但后来当我看着这片空旷的土地时,我被它的美丽所震惊和感动。A.coldness冷淡;B.beauty美丽;C.enthusiasm
热情;D.emptiness空虚,空旷。这里指作者被这片空旷的土地的美丽所震惊和感动。根据文章最后一段中的“Thereisbeautiful…(那里有美丽的……)”和本句中的“Ilookedoutatthelargeemptyland(看着这片
空旷的土地)”可知,作者向车外看时发现了美丽的景色,此处受empty一词的影响容易误选emptiness,需注意。故选B。29.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们终于到达了目的地。A.goal目标;B.agreement同意;C.destination目的地;D.decision决定
。根据下文的“TherethesmallroomIsharedwithmydaughterwasabrickcell,fullofcrickets,buttoodarktoseethem.(我和女儿共用的小房间是一间砖房,里面全是蟋蟀
,但屋内太暗了,看不到它们。)”可知,作者他们到达了旅游的目的地,来到了住宿的地方。故选C。30.考查动词词义辨析。句意:接下来的九天都安排满了。A.killed消磨,杀死;B.packed挤满,打包;C.wasted浪费;D.booked预订。
根据“Waterfalls,lakes,communityvisits,andatriparoundKatherineGorgewhereweevensawgiantcrocodiles!(瀑布、湖泊、社区参观,以及凯瑟琳峡
谷之旅,在那里我们甚至看到了巨型鳄鱼!)”可知,接下来的九天满满地安排这些参观内容了。故选B。31.考查动词词义辨析。句意:昨晚,一根水管坏掉了。A.cut砍;B.expanded扩大;C.shortened缩短;D.broke破裂,损
坏。根据后句“Weawoketoamess,everythinginwater.(我们醒来时一团糟,一切都在水中。)”可知,水管坏掉了。故选D。32.考查动词词义辨析。句意:通常我会抱怨,但这次看起来脏是正常的。A.scared使害怕;B.complained抱怨;C.laughed大笑;
D.saddened使悲伤。根据第3题的分析可知,作者喜欢干净,所以说对于这种状况作者通常会抱怨。故选B。33.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:通常我会抱怨,但这次看起来脏是正常的。A.normal正常的;B.strange奇怪的;C.unbelieva
ble难以置信的;D.perfect完美的。根据上一题的分析可知,作者通常会抱怨脏乱的情况,再由but(表示转折)可知,这次到没什么的了,即能够正常对待这种情况了。故选A。34.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:事实上,要保持干净是不可能的。A.impossible不可能的;B.probable可能的;C
.easy容易的;D.important重要的。根据第8题和第10题的分析可知,这样的状况下要保持干净是不可能的。故选A。35.考查动词词义辨析。句意:尽管如此,我仍然感到一种多年未体验过的活力。A.tested测试;B.stored储存;C.valued珍视;D.exp
erienced经历,体验。根据“.Wewerehikinginreddirtwithtemperaturesof35degrees.(我们在35度的红土地面上徒步旅行。)”和“Yes,thecoffeewas
bad,butIwastoofocusedonkeepingcricketsoffmyface.(是的,咖啡很糟糕,但我很专注于让蟋蟀远离我的脸。)”可知,作者在这里感受到了很多以往未曾感受过的事情。故选D。36.考
查名词词义辨析。句意:那里有美丽的风景,也有泥土。A.dress服装;B.weather天气;C.scenery风景;D.room房间。根据第9题的分析可知,作者一行人看到了美丽的景色,此外由dirt一词的提示,scenery与其构成对比,合乎语境。故选C。37.
1.thrilling→thrilled2.Mine→My3.are→is4.contribute后加to5.originally→original6.offered→offering7.去掉an8.who→which9.company→companie10.state
→stated【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章是关于“更好的英语,更好的生活”的演讲,讲述了学好英语的益处。【详解】1.考查形容词。句意:谈到学习英语的好处,我感到非常激动。ing形容词修饰物,说明事物的特征,ed形式形容词修饰人,说明人的感受,此处说明“我是激动的”,用thrilled“激动的
”。故将thrilling改为thrilled。2.考查代词。句意:我今天的话题是“更好的英语,更好的生活”。修饰名词用形容词性物主代词,mine是名词性物主代词,形容词性物主代词是my,故将Mine改为
My。3.考查主谓一致。句意:首先,精通英语更有可能有助于出国旅行。动名词作主语,谓语动词用单数,文章时态是一般现在时,故将are改为is。4.考查介词。句意:首先,精通英语更有可能有助于出国旅行。contributeto“有助于”是固定短语,故contribute后加to。5.
考查形容词。句意:同时,它使我们能够阅读或观看英文原著,从而提供给我们了解外国文化的机会。修饰名词works用形容词作定语,故将originally改为original。6.考查非谓语动词。句意:同时,它使我们能够阅读或观
看英文原著,从而提供给我们了解外国文化的机会。分析句子可知,句子的谓语动词是enables,offer用非谓语动词形式作状语,offer与逻辑主语it是主动关系,用现在分词作结果状语,表示意料之中的结果,故将offered改为offerin
g。7.考查冠词和固定短语。句意:此外,更好的英语可以提高我们的学术水平,这增加了我们进入更好的大学的可能性。inaddition“此外”是固定短语,故去掉addition前的an。8.考查定语从句。句意:此外,更好的英语可以提高我们的学术水平,这增加了我们进入更好的大学的可能性。分析句子可知,“
whoincreasesthepossibilityofouradmissiontobetteruniversities”是定语从句,修饰前面整个主句,主语所述事情在定语从句中作主语,用关系代词whic
h引导该定语从句,故将who改为which。9.考查名词。句意:最后,国际公司总是更喜欢那些更擅长英语的人。company“公司”是可数名词作主语,根据复数谓语动词prefer可知主语是复数名词,故将compan
y改为companies。10.考查动词时态语态。句意:从上面所述的,很明显,更好的英语可以改善我们的生活。what引导宾语从句,谓语动词state与what是被动关系,结合句意,用现在完成时的被动语态,故将st
ate改为stated。38.belong39.known40.as41.defence42.traditions【导语】本文为一篇说明文。主要介绍了组成英国的四个国家有着相同的军队,使用着相同的国旗等,但他们也有着不同的传统。38.考查定语从句。
句意:四个属于英国的国家在某些领域进行了合作。结合上下文可知,此处意为“属于……”that引导定语从句,that代替先行词fourcountries,为复数,此处陈述事实,故应用一般现在时,故填belong。39.考查过去
分词。句意:他们使用同一面国旗,也就是联合国国旗,他们也使用相同的货币以及军队。结合上下文可知,此处意为“称为”,表达为beknownas,且此处做flag的后置定语应省略be,故填known。40.
考查介词。句意:他们使用同一面国旗,也就是英国国旗,他们也使用相同的货币以及军队。结合上下文可知,此处意为“以及……”,表达为aswellas,故填as。41.考查名词。句意:他们使用同一面国旗,也就是联合国国旗,他们也使
用相同的货币以及军队。结合上下文可知,此处意为“军事防御”,表示为militarydefence,做share的宾语,且为不可数名词,故填defence。42.考查名词。句意:他们也有着自己的传统,比如说自己的国庆和国餐。结合上下文可知,此处表示他们各自有
着各自的传统,故应填名词tradition,tradition为可数名词,后文举例不止一个,故应填其复数,故填traditions。43.DearAlex,Howiseverythinggoingwithyou
?Ourfinaltermexamisdrawingnear.ButIhavetroublewithmyEnglish,whichmakesmenervous.SoI’mwritingtoaskyouf
oradvice.Mybiggestheadacheisvocabulary.Ican’tkeepEnglishwordsinmindsoIfailtousethemproperly.Also,Ihavegreattroub
lewithlistening.Icancatchonlyafewwordswhenlistening,failingtogetthemainidea.What’smore,itisdifficultformetousecorrectgrammar.Wouldy
oupleasehelpme?Iwouldbegratefulifyoucangivesomeadvice.(88words)Lookingforwardtoyourearlyanswer.Yours,LiHua【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文,要求考生给你的英国朋友Alex写一封邮件
,向他求助你发现在英语学习中遇到的一些困难。【详解】1.词汇积累困难:trouble→difficulty建议:advice→suggestion感激的:grateful→thankful回复:answer→reply2.句式拓展句式转换原句:Icancatchonlyafewwordswhenl
istening,failingtogetthemainidea.拓展句:ItwasbecauseIcancatchonlyafewwordswhenlisteningthatIfailedtogetthemainidea.