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专题04说明文专练二1.（2023秋·湖南怀化·高三统考期末）TheideaofBuyNowPayLater,orBNPL,hasattractedmillionsofshopperswiththepromiseofinterest-freecredit.Anincredible4

5percentof18to24-year-oldsintheUKturnedtoBNPLlastyear,accordingtoTheMoneyCharity.Lenderssaytheyofferabetterdealthancred

itcards,becausetheydonotchargeinterestbutmakemoneyfromaffiliatedeals(关联交易)withretailers(零售商).Itmaybeanewwayofborrowingmoney,buttheoldrulesst

illapply:unlessyourepaythedebtquickly,youarebuildinguptroubleforthefuture.Now,BNPLsaregrowinginpopularityanddohaveupsides—mostlyconven

ientshoppingwithinterest-easyfinancingandnostrictapprovalrequirements.However,theyalsomakeiteffortlesstoovershop,overspend,andge

tinoveryourheadwithcreditproblems.Lenderspaytheretaileronyourbehalf,andthenyourepayover30daysorthreemonth

s,spreadingthecosttohelpwithyourcashflow.Theysaythisisfairerandlessexpensivethancreditcards.Thatmaybetrue,butBNPLhasdangers,to

o.BNPLlendersmaynotchargeanyinterest,buttheystillwantyoutopaybackthemoneyyouhaveborrowed,sowhatifyoucan’t?Typically,youhave30daystopay.Ifyou

don’t,yourlenderwillcontactyoutochaselatepayments.Ifyoustilldon’tpay,theycallinthedebtcollectors.Citizen

sAdvicesaysthat14millionusedaBNPLproductlastyear,butsixmilliondidnotunderstandwhattheyweresigningupfor.Some

26%ofBNPLcustomersregrettedtheirchoice,while41%struggledwithrepayment.Youngerpeoplewereparticularlyatrisk.AquarterofthosemakingBNPLrepaymentscouldn’

taffordfood,rentorbillsasaresult.AnotherworryisthatBNPLlendersonlyperform‘soft’searchesonaperson’screditreport,sodonotseetheborrower’struecreditstat

us.Thismeanstheycannotremovepeoplewithfinancialproblemsandmayendupaddingtotheirtroubles.BNPLlenderssaytheydocarefulcheck

stomakesuretheyneverlendmorethanaconsumercanaffordtopayback,andalsopauseaccountsifasinglepaymentislate.Nobod

ywantstobepursuedbydebtcollectors.IfyoudouseBNPLcredit,neverborrowmorethanyoucanaffordtorepay.1．HowdoBNPLlendersearnprofitsaccordingtothetext?A．

Theyforceborrowerstopaytheirdebts.B．Theyrequirepaymentforretailers’services.C．Theyreceiveacertainfeefromaffil

iatedeals.D．Theychargeinterestfrom18to24-year-oldusers.2．WhydoesBNPLbecomemoreandmorepopular?A．Forstrictapprovalrequirementsandn

ointerest.B．Foritsconvenienceofshoppingwithhighinterest.C．Forbuyinganythingneededwithoutcreditproblems.D．Forconvenientshoppingandnos

trictapprovalrequirements.3．WhatproblemdoestheBuyNowPayLatermethodhave?A．Alltheyoungpeoplecan’trepaythedebtquickly.B．Itis

difficulttoknowtheborrower’srealcreditstatus.C．MorethanhalfofBNPLcustomerscan’taffordthepayments.D．BNPLhastodependond

ebtcollectorstogetbackthemoney.4．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsBNPL?A．Favorable.B．Indifferent.C．Objective.D．C

ritical.【答案】1．C2．D3．B4．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了BNPL越来越受欢迎,以无息信贷的承诺吸引了数百万购物者，但是也存在着潜在的风险。1．细节理解题。文章第一段“Lenderssaytheyoff

erabetterdealthancreditcards,becausetheydonotchargeinterestbutmakemoneyfromaffiliatedeals(关联交易)withretailers(零售商).(贷方表示，他

们提供的交易比信用卡更好，因为他们不收取利息，而是从与零售商的关联交易中赚钱)”可知，根据文章，BNPL贷款人从联盟交易中收取一定的费用，故选C。2．细节理解题。文章第二段“Now,BNPLsaregrowinginpopularityanddohaveupsides—mostl

yconvenientshoppingwithinterest-easyfinancingandnostrictapprovalrequirements.(现在，BNPL越来越受欢迎，而且确实有好处——大多是购物方便，融资方便，没有严格的审批要求)”可知，BNP

L越来越受欢迎是因为方便购物，无严格的审批要求。故选D。3．细节理解题。文章最后一段“AnotherworryisthatBNPLlendersonlyperform‘soft’searchesonaperson’screditreport,sodonotseet

heborrower’struecreditstatus.(另一个担忧是BNPL贷款人只对个人的信用报告进行‘软’搜索，因此看不到借款人的真实信用状况)”可知，BNPL的问题是很难知道借款人的真实信用状况。故选B。4．推

理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据最后一段“Nobodywantstobepursuedbydebtcollectors.IfyoudouseBNPLcredit,neverborrowmorethanyouca

naffordtorepay.(没有人愿意被讨债人追杀。如果你确实使用了BNPL信贷，千万不要借款超过你偿还能力)”可知，作者客观介绍了BNPL越来越受欢迎,以无息信贷的承诺吸引了数百万购物者，但是也存在着潜在的风险。由此推

知，作者对BNPL的态度是客观的。故选C。2.（2022·广西·统考一模）NASAismakingpreparationstosendacrewtothemoonwhowillexplorethelunarsurfacewiththehopeofconstructingast

ablehabitat.AlthoughtheAmericanspaceagencyfocusesonjustsendingastronauts,othercompaniesarelookingfurtherintothefutureforwhenhumanswillcol

onizethenaturalsatellite.ExpertsatMoney,acompanyforconsumercreditproducts,releasedthefirst-evermoonloanguidethatrevealslivingonthelunarsurf

acewouldcost$325,067amonth.“WiththeEarthbecomingincreasinglypopulatedandspacetechnologyadvancing,itwon’tbelongbeforelunarlivingbecomesthenewno

rmal,”readsthestudy.TheteamfromMoneyusedvariousfactorstocalculatethecostofahouseonthemoon:rawmaterial

sneededtobuildahouse,thespecialmaterialsneededtobuildonthemoon’satmosphere,astronautsrequiredtotravelt

obuild,andtheaveragecostoftransportingmaterialstothemoon.Accordingtothemoonloanguide,thefirstfullyfunctioninghouse

onthemoonwouldbe$48,454,063,whichisahighpriceforahome.Thepriceincludesaddinglife-savingdetailstohomessuchasai

rseals,industrial-strengthair-conditionersandheaters.“Generatingenergyisvitalwhenlivinginsuchextremeconditions,andthereforethecostofsomesu

ppliesmayforceyoutoconsidersomealternativeoptions.ThemostefficientwaytogenerateelectricityonthemoonistobuyasmallnuclearreactorcostingS1.3millio

n,“Moneysharesinthestudy.“Alternatively,34solarpanelswouldgenerateenoughelectricitytorunonehouseandcostonly$23,616incomparis

on.”Theguidealsorevealsthemostideallocationsonthemoon,with“SeaofRains”beingconsidered”theperfectfamilysuburb”—thisregionsitsatthenorthan

disoneofthelargestimpactcratersintheSolarSystem.5．What’sthepurposeofNASAsendingacrewtothemoon?A．Toencouragecompaniestoreleasemoonloan.B．Tocoloniz

ethemoonalone.C．Toexplorethemoonfornaturalresources.D．Tobuildalastinglivingplaceonthemoon.6．Whichofthefollowingwa

snotconsideredwhentheteamestimatedthecostofalunarhouse?A．Materialsneededtobuildahouseonthemoon.B．Thecostoflookingforthemostideallocationonthemoo

n.C．Astronautsneededtotraveltobuildahouseonthemoon.D．Theaveragecostoftransportingmaterialstothemoon.7．Whatcanweinferf

romthestudy?A．Lunarlivingwon’ttakelongtobecomeareality.B．Thefirsthouseonthemoonwillbethemostexpensivehome.C．Youwilldef

initelybuyanuclearreactortogenerateelectricityonthemoon.D．Theperfectlocationonthemoonforlivingisthelargestimpac

tcraterintheSolarSystem.8．What’sthetextmainlyabout?A．Thefirstloanguideaboutlivingonthemoon.B．Themoon-themostideallivingplaceforhumans.C．NAS

Awillsendastronautstothemoon.D．Livingonthemoonhasbecomepossible.【答案】5．D6．B7．A8．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。消费信贷产品公司Money的专家发布了首个月球贷款指南，该指南显示，在月球表面生活每月将花费325067美元。文

章主要讲述了月球生活所需费用。5．细节理解题。根据第一段“NASAismakingpreparationstosendacrewtothemoonwhowillexplorethelunarsurfacewiththehopeofconstructinga

stablehabitat.(美国国家航空航天局正在准备向月球派遣宇航员，他们将探索月球表面，希望建立一个稳定的栖息地)”可知，NASA送宇航员去月球的目的是希望在月球上建立一个稳定的居住地。故选D。6．细节理解题。根据第三段“TheteamfromMon

eyusedvariousfactorstocalculatethecostofahouseonthemoon:rawmaterialsneededtobuildahouse,thespecialmat

erialsneededtobuildonthemoon’satmosphere,astronautsrequiredtotraveltobuild,andtheaveragecostoftransportingm

aterialstothemoon.(来自Money的团队使用各种因素来计算在月球上建造房子的成本：建造房子所需的原材料，在月球大气层上建造所需的特殊材料，宇航员需要旅行建造，以及将材料运输到月球的平均成本)”可知，当研究小组估计月球房

屋的成本时，“在月球上寻找最理想地点的成本”没有被考虑。故选B。7．推理判断题。根据第三段第一句““WiththeEarthbecomingincreasinglypopulatedandspacetechnologyadvancing,itwon’tbelongbeforel

unarlivingbecomesthenewnormal,”readsthestudy.(该研究称：“随着地球人口越来越多，太空技术不断进步，用不了多久，月球生活就会成为新的常态。”)”可知，月球生活用不了多久就会

成为现实。故选A。8．主旨大意题。根据第二段“ExpertsatMoney,acompanyforconsumercreditproducts,releasedthefirst-evermoonloanguidethatrevealslivingonthelunarsurf

acewouldcost$325,067amonth.(消费信贷产品公司Money的专家发布了首个月球贷款指南，该指南显示，在月球表面生活每月将花费325067美元)”结合后文都在围绕这个信贷指南讲述月球生活

费用以及其他内容。故这篇文章主要讲的是第一本关于在月球上生活的贷款指南。故选A。3.（2022·四川广安·统考一模）Withgloballyfamousliteraryfestivals,specialtybookshopsandarichculturalwelltodrawfrom,Toront

oisaliteraturelover’sdream.Herearetwofestivals.WhenWordontheStreetwasfirstheldinTorontoin1990,itwasdesignedtocelebrateCanada’srichliterarycul

ture.Nowit’sbecomethelargestfestivalinthecountrydevotedtobooksandmagazines.It’sfreeforattendees.Ofcourse,youhavetopayifyoubuybook

shere.Then,thecontemporary-literature-focusedTorontoInternationalFestivalofAuthors(TIFA)willcomenextmonth-e

achOctober.TIFAKidstakesplaceatthesametime,makingforaliteraryescapeforthewholefamily.Howaboutspecialtybookshop

s?FlyingBooksisabookstore,bookpublisherandwritingschoolfoundedbybookeditorMarthaSharpe.YoucanfindSharpe’sselectionoftitlesatTh

eGoodNeighborEspressoBarandtheGladstoneHouse.Extendyourliteratureexperiencefromhomewithitsvirtualclassesoncriticis

m,journalism,memoirandmore,taughtbyexperiencedCanadianauthors.BenMcNallyBooks(possiblythecity’smostbeautifulbo

okstore)isintheeastoftheFinancialDistrict,whoseownerisregularlyon-sitetoassistyouwithrecommendations.TypeBooksacross

fromgreenTrinityBellwoodsParkwhichistheperfectspottoreadunderthetreesisco-ownedbyaformerliteratureprofessorandbestforgeneralinterest.Westend’sMon

key’sPaw,whereyoucanfindrarebooks,anduniquefinds,specializesinsecondhandandancientbooks.QueenBooksinLesliev

illehasanexcellentkids’sectionwhereyoucanbuythelatestchildren’sbooks.9．WhatdoweknowaboutWordontheStreet?A．Ithasgrowngradually.B．ItisheldeachOctob

er.C．Itchargesparticipants.D．ItisofTIFAorigin.10．WhatcanFlyingBookshelpyoudo?A．Becomeabookeditorfaster.B．Buildupapersonallibrary.C．Getthefreebo

oksfromauthors.D．Improveyourliteraryskillsonline.11．Whichbookstorewillyougotofindagoodplacetoreadafterbuyingbooks?A．Qu

eenBooks.B．BenMcNallyBooks.C．TypeBooks.D．Monkey’sPaw.【答案】9．A10．D11．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了多伦多一些特色书店的情况。9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“WhenWordontheStreetwasfir

stheldinTorontoin1990,itwasdesignedtocelebrateCanada’srichliteraryculture.Nowit’sbecomethelargestfestival

inthecountrydevotedtobooksandmagazines.(1990年，WordonStreet首次在多伦多举办，旨在庆祝加拿大丰富的文学文化。现在它已经成为美国最大的书籍和杂志节日)”可知，WordontheStr

eet是逐渐增长的。故选A。10．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Extendyourliteratureexperiencefromhomewithitsvirtualclassesoncriticism,journalism,memoirandmore,t

aughtbyexperiencedCanadianauthors.(通过由经验丰富的加拿大作家教授的批评、新闻、回忆录等虚拟课程，扩展您在家中的文学体验)”可知，FlyingBooks可以在线提高你的文学技能。故

选D。11．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“TypeBooksacrossfromgreenTrinityBellwoodsParkwhichistheperfectspottoreadunderthetreesisco-ownedbyaformerliteraturepro

fessorandbestforgeneralinterest.(绿色的TrinityBellwoods公园对面的TypeBooks是在树下阅读的最佳地点，由一位前文学教授共同拥有，最适合大众兴趣)”可知，买完书你会去TypeBooks找个好地方看书。故选C。

4.（2023·重庆·统考模拟预测）Playingsportsyouenjoycanhelpyoumeetrecommendedactivitylevels.Ina2012article,Dr.DavidGeierclaimedplayingspo

rtswaslinkedtoreducedratesofobesity,highbloodpressure,diabetesandotherpoorhealthconditions.A2012MelbourneUniversitysummaryfactsheetcl

aimedplayingsportsleadstothehealthygrowthofbones,musclesandconnectivetissueinchildren.Italsosuggestedch

ildrenwhoplaysportstendtoremainmorephysicallyactiveasadultsandarelesslikelytosmokeorusedrugs.Thesocialbenefitsofpl

ayingsportslastwellbeyondyouth.Teamsportsofferadultsofallagesanopportunityforsocialinteraction.A2009studybyAsztalosMetal,publishedinthe“J

ournalofScienceandMedicineinSport”foundplayingsportsreducedstresslevelsamongadultswhileotherformsofphysicalactivitydidnot.Whileyourchancesofevermakin

gittotheprofessionalsareslim,sportscanstillleadtocareeropportunities.Youcanbecomeacoachorofficial,andwi

ththerighteducationandexperiencebecomepartofthesportsmedia.Playingsportscouldbeyourtickettoacheapereducation

,too.Thedata-compilingwebsitescholarshipstats.comreportedthat177,000studentathleteshadsomeoralloftheireducationpaidforin

the2021-22academicyear.Ofcourse,withanyphysicalactivitycomestheriskofinjury.butsomesportsaredefinitelymoredangerousthanothers.Ina2011s

urvey,thenon-profitSafeKidsWorldwidereportedthatover1.35millionchildrensustainedsports-relatedinjuriesbadenoughforatrip

toanemergencyroom.Somesportsevencarrytheriskofpotentiallydangerousphysicalproblemsoffthefield.Mostnotableareth

eeatingdisordersthathavedevelopedamonggymnastsandotherathletesthatneedtocutweightforcompetition.12．Whatdoesthefirs

tparagraphmainlytellus?A．Sportshelpkeepactiveandhealthy.B．Sportsreducestresslevels.C．Sportshelpgainsocialbenefits.D．Sportshelprecoveryfromillnes

s.13．Howcanstudentsgetacheapereducationbyplayingsports?A．Theyarepaidtoplaysports.B．Theycanachievescholarship.C．They’l

lbestrongertostudybetter.D．Theycangraduateearlier.14．Howisthelastparagraphdifferentfromtheaboveparagraphs?A．Tellinganew

advantage.B．Movingtoasummary.C．Writinginadifferenttone.D．Givingfurtherexplanation.15．Whoisthearticleintendedfor?A．Officials.B．Sportsmen.C．Doctors

.D．Kids.【答案】12．A13．B14．C15．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了运动有助于保持活力和健康，同时运动可以有助于青少年社交以及获得更便宜的教育。12．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Playingsport

syouenjoycanhelpyoumeetrecommendedactivitylevels.Ina2012article,Dr.DavidGeierclaimedplayingsportswaslinkedtoreducedratesofobesi

ty,highbloodpressure,diabetesandotherpoorhealthconditions.A2012MelbourneUniversitysummaryfactsheetclai

medplayingsportsleadstothehealthygrowthofbones,musclesandconnectivetissueinchildren.Italsosuggestedchildrenw

hoplaysportstendtoremainmorephysicallyactiveasadultsandarelesslikelytosmokeorusedrugs.(做你喜欢的运动可以帮助你达到推荐的活动量。在2012

年的一篇文章中，大卫·盖尔博士声称，运动与降低肥胖、高血压、糖尿病和其他不良健康状况的发病率有关。2012年墨尔本大学的一份概况介绍称，体育运动有助于儿童骨骼、肌肉和结缔组织的健康成长。研究还表明，参加体育运动的儿童成年后往往更活跃，吸烟或吸毒的可能性也更小)”可知，第一段主要告诉我们

运动有助于保持活力和健康。故选A。13．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Playingsportscouldbeyourtickettoacheapereducation,too.Thedata-compilingw

ebsitescholarshipstats.comreportedthat177,000studentathleteshadsomeoralloftheireducationpaidforinthe2021-22academicyear.(参加体育运动也可能是你获得更便宜教育的门票。数据汇编

网站scholarshipstats.com报告称，在2021到22学年，17.7万名学生运动员的部分或全部教育都得到了支付)”可知，学生可以通过获得奖学金，来获得更便宜的教育。故选B。14．推理判断

题。根据最后一段“Ofcourse,withanyphysicalactivitycomestheriskofinjury.butsomesportsaredefinitelymoredangerousthanothers.Ina2011survey,thenon-profitSafeK

idsWorldwidereportedthatover1.35millionchildrensustainedsports-relatedinjuriesbadenoughforatriptoanemergencyroo

m.Somesportsevencarrytheriskofpotentiallydangerousphysicalproblemsoffthefield.Mostnotablearetheeatingdi

sordersthathavedevelopedamonggymnastsandotherathletesthatneedtocutweightforcompetition.(当然，任何体育活动都有受伤的风险。但有些运动肯定比其他运动更危险。在2011年

的一项调查中，非营利组织“全球儿童安全”报告称，超过135万名儿童因运动受伤，严重到需要去急诊室。有些运动甚至会在场外引发潜在的身体问题。最值得注意的是在体操运动员和其他需要减肥的运动员中出现的饮食失调)”可推知，最后一段和上面几段的不同在于

是用不同的语气写的，强调了体育运动的危险性。故选C。15．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Thesocialbenefitsofplayingsportslastwellbeyondyouth.(从事体育运动的社会效益远远超出了青少年时期)”

以及第三段中“Whileyourchancesofevermakingittotheprofessionalsareslim,sportscanstillleadtocareeropportunities.(虽然你成为职

业运动员的机会很小，但运动仍然可以带来职业机会)”可推知，文章针对的是孩子。故选D。5.（2023·湖南永州·统考二模）Althoughmostdietsvaryaccordingtowhatfoodsyoucaneat,theyallfollowthesamepr

incipleofrestrictiontoloseweight—youneedtoeatless.Thenow-trendydietofintuitiveeatingis,inasense,ananti-diet:followersareencou

ragedtobasewhattheyeatonhowtheyfeel,notonprescribedlimitsorcaloriecounts.Theconceptwasfirstproposedinthemid-90sbyregistereddietitiansEl

yseReschandEvelynTribole,whowroteIntuitiveEating.Thefirststepistorejecttheideathatyouneedtobeonadiettobehealthy.You’reencouragedto

alsogiveyourself“permission”toeatallfoods,torejecttheideaof“good”and“bad”foodsandtoacceptyournaturalbodyshape.F

inally,youhelpmakeyourbodyhealthierbyaddingexercise,findingbetterwaysthanfoodtorelieveyouremotionsandslowlyshiftingtomorenutritiousfoodchoices.Oneoft

hebiggestmisunderstandingsaroundintuitiveeatingisthatnutritiongoesoutthewindow.Curiously,researchesshow

sthatinatraditionaldiet,caloricrestrictionisusuallyfollowedbyabinge(放纵),wherethebody’sprimarydrivetomakesureitgetsenoughcalor

iesismoreimportantthananydesiresfornutritionormoderation(自我节制),whichleadstodisorderedeatingpatterns.Ho

wever,becauseintuitiveeatingallowsallfoodsonthetable,practitionerscanmakesmall,slowchangesthatultimatelyaremorelong-lasting-towar

deatingmorenutritionally.Thereisn’tstrongresearchtobackupclaimsthatintuitiveeatinghelpswithlosingweightoreatingmore-nutritiousfood.However,inKel

ler’sexperience,aregistereddietitianinCalgary,intuitiveeatingcanhelpwithoverallweightmaintenance.Inaddition,intuitiveeat

ersdogainahealthierattitudetowardfood,comparedtotraditionaldieters.Kellersays,“Whenpeopledecidetodiet,whattheyactu

allywantistofeelcomfortableandconfidentandhealthyintheirownbody.Peoplehavetobereadytoovercometheirconstantdesiretolose

weightandcontroltheirbody,andtorealizethatchanginghowtheylookontheoutsideisn’tgoingtochangethosethingsontheinside.”16．Whatdoweknowaboutintu

itiveeating?A．Ithelpsfollowerstoloseweightbyeatingless.B．Itprohibitsfollowersfromeatingwhattheylike.C

．Itencourageseaterstobeonadiettobehealthy.D．Itadviseseaterstobehealthierbyexercisingmore.17．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“goesoutthewindow”meaninth

ethirdparagraph?A．Exports.B．Disappears.C．Destroys.D．Distributes.18．WhatistheKeller’sattitudetointuitiveeating?A．Fav

orable.B．Intolerant.C．Doubtful.D．Unclear.19．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Doesintuitiveeatingbeataconve

ntionaldiet?B．Howdoesintuitiveeatingwork?C．Willintuitiveeatinghelplosemoreweight?D．Shouldwebothertoloseweigh

t?【答案】16．D17．B18．A19．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要提到相对于传统饮食中认为节食可以增加健康，而直觉性饮食鼓励饮食者拒绝“好”和“坏”食物。通过更多的锻炼，进而变得更健康。16．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Thenow-trendydietofintuitiv

eeatingis,inasense,ananti-diet:followersareencouragedtobasewhattheyeatonhowtheyfeel,notonprescribedlimitsorcaloriecounts.”（从某种意义上说，现在流

行的直觉饮食是一种反对节食的饮食:鼓励追随者根据自己的感觉来决定吃什么，而不是根据规定的限制或卡路里计数。）第二段中“Thefirststepistorejecttheideathatyouneedtobeonadiettobehealt

hy.You’reencouragedtoalsogiveyourself“permission”toeatallfoods,torejecttheideaof“good”and“bad”foodsandtoacceptyournaturalbodyshape.Final

ly,youhelpmakeyourbodyhealthierbyaddingexercise,findingbetterwaysthanfoodtorelieveyouremotionsandslowlyshiftingtomoren

utritiousfoodchoices.”（第一步是要拒绝那种认为你需要节食才能保持健康的想法。你也被鼓励给自己吃所有食物的“许可”，拒绝“好”和“坏”食物的想法，并接受你自然的身体形状。最后，通过增加锻炼，找到比食物更好的方法来缓解情绪，慢慢地转向更有营养的食物选择，你

的身体会变得更健康。）可知，直觉饮食鼓励饮食者拒绝“好”和“坏”食物的想法，并接受你自然的身体形状根据自己的感觉来决定吃什么，同时通过增加锻炼，进而慢慢地转向更有营养的食物选择，让自己变得更健康。故选D。17．词句猜测题。

根据第三段划线词后句中“Curiously,researchesshowsthatinatraditionaldiet,caloricrestrictionisusuallyfollowedbyabinge(放纵),

wherethebody’sprimarydrivetomakesureitgetsenoughcaloriesismoreimportantthananydesiresfornutritionormoderation(自我节制),whichleadstodisordered

eatingpatterns.”（奇怪的是，研究表明，在传统饮食中，热量限制通常会导致暴饮暴食，在这种情况下，身体获得足够热量的主要驱动力比任何对营养或适度的渴望都更重要，这会导致饮食模式紊乱。）可知，在传统饮食中

，热量限制会使得身体对获得足够热量的渴望超过对任何对营养的渴望，最终导致饮食模式紊乱。可推知，对于直觉性饮食而言，其鼓励饮食者拒绝“好”和“坏”食物的想法使得人们误解其可能会使得饮食中的营养缺失，所以划线词此处的和选项B“disappear”的含义“消失

”相一致，故选B。18．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“inKeller’sexperience,aregistereddietitianinCalgary,intuitiveeatingcanhelpwithoverallwei

ghtmaintenance.Inaddition,intuitiveeatersdogainahealthierattitudetowardfood,comparedtotraditionaldieters.”（根据凯勒的

经验，他是卡尔加里的一名注册营养师，直觉性饮食可以帮助维持整体体重。此外，与传统的节食者相比，直觉性饮食者对食物的态度更加健康。）可知，Keller认为直觉性饮食可以帮助维持整体体重，且直觉性饮食者对食物的态度更加健康。由此推知，对于直觉饮食他是赞同的。故选A。19．主旨大意题。通

读全文，结合第一段“Althoughmostdietsvaryaccordingtowhatfoodsyoucaneat,theyallfollowthesameprincipleofrestrictiontoloseweight—youneedtoeatless.Then

ow-trendydietofintuitiveeatingis,inasense,ananti-diet:followersareencouragedtobasewhattheyeatonhowtheyfeel,notonprescribedlimitsorcaloriec

ounts.”（虽然大多数饮食根据你可以吃什么食物而有所不同，但它们都遵循同样的减肥限制原则——你需要吃得更少。从某种意义上说，现在流行的直觉饮食是一种反对节食的饮食：鼓励追随者根据自己的感觉来决定吃什么，而不是根据规定的限制或卡路里计数。）第二段

中“You’reencouragedtoalsogiveyourself“permission”toeatallfoods,torejecttheideaof“good”and“bad”foodsandtoacceptyournatur

albodyshape.Finally,youhelpmakeyourbodyhealthierbyaddingexercise,findingbetterwaysthanfoodtorelieveyouremotionsand

slowlyshiftingtomorenutritiousfoodchoices.”（你也被鼓励给自己吃所有食物的“许可”，拒绝“好”和“坏”食物的想法，并接受你自然的身体形状。最后，通过增加锻炼，找到比食物更好的方法来缓解情绪，慢慢地转向更有

营养的食物选择，你的身体会变得更健康。）最后一段中“intuitiveeatingcanhelpwithoverallweightmaintenance.Inaddition,intuitiveeatersdogainahealthierattitu

detowardfood,comparedtotraditionaldieters.”（直觉性饮食可以帮助维持整体体重。此外，与传统的节食者相比，直觉性饮食者对食物的态度更加健康。）可知，文章主要提到相对于传统饮食中

认为节食可以增加健康，直觉性饮食鼓励饮食者拒绝“好”和“坏”食物。通过更多的锻炼，进而变得更健康。因而本文主要讲述针对直觉性饮食方法的讨论，所以文章的标题可以为“直觉性饮食是否胜过传统饮食？”，故选A

。6.（2023·四川凉山·统考一模）Inthesocialmediaage,teenagersaresharingmoreinformationaboutthemselvesonsocialmediasitesthaneverbefore.AccordingtoaCommon

SenseMediaresearchstudy,morethaneightintenteenagershavevisitedasocialnetworkingsitelikeFacebook,andt

hreeoutfourteenagersnowhaveanaccountonasocialnetworkingsite.However,whilesocialmediasitescanimproveteenagers’comm

unicationabilities,expertssaythatsocialnetworkingcouldbeharmfultohealthyteenageself-esteem.Healtheduc

atorandmotivationalspeakerScottFriedbeganworkingwithteenagers22yearsago.Herecentlydevelopedanewlecture,“Broken-

HeartednessandIntimacyintheAgeofSocialMedia,”todiscusswithteenagersthedifferencesbetweentheirpersonalitiesonlinea

ndtheirtrueselves.“Thedefinitionofgrowingupisbringingtogethermanydifferentpartsofyourpersonality,”Friedsaid.

“Asyougrow,theyturnintoonewholepersonality.Now,youhaveapersonalityatschool,athome,andonline.Thegoalofbeingateenageristobringtogetherallt

hesedifferentpartsthatareshownonlineinacompleteway.”Friedusesthephrase“compareanddespair”todescribethebadeffectofsocialme

dia/onteenageself-esteem.youcompareyourselftosomeoneelse,you’reusuallygoingtoendupdespairing.”Friedsaid,“Oneoftheproblemswithsocialmediaisthat

wethrowourbestselvesoutthere,orwhatweliketothinkofasourbestself.”PsychologistNadineDeCiordanysaysthatteenagerswhoalre

adyhavelowself-esteemcangeteasilydepressedandgiveotherstheirlowself-esteem.Shethinkssocialmediaiscausingmoreandmoredepression.Sheadds

thatparentsshouldeducatetheirchildrenearlyonsocialmedia.“Teenagerscanuseawholelotofresourcesthataffectthewaytheydealwithpeer

pressure,”DeGiordaiiysaid,“Asthechildisgrowingup,supervise(监督)whatitisthattheyhaveaccessto.Thereisanagethatsocialmediaisap

propriateforandthereisanagethatisn’tappropriatefor.”20．Whatdoestheresearchfind?A．About75%ofteenagershavea

Facebookaccount.B．Teenagersliketoshareopinionswithothersonsocialmedia.C．Socialmediausersgenerallyhavebettercommu

nicationskills.D．Over80%ofteenagershaveaccesstoasocialnetworkingsite.21．WhatdoesScottFriedagreewith?A．Teenagersli

ketocompetewithothersonsocialmedia.B．Teenagersoftengetridoftheirtrueselvesonsocialmedia.C．Teenagerspresentthesamepersonalityindiffe

rentsituations.D．Teenagersliketoshowthegreatestpartsofthemselvesonsocialmedia.22．WhatisDeGiordany’ss

uggestiontowardsusingsocialmedia?A．Socialmediashouldsetaminimumagelimit.B．Teenagersshouldhaverighttoanysocialnetworkingsites.C．Pare

ntsshouldmonitorwhatisaccessibletotheirchildren.D．Teenagersshouldbefreetousesocialmediafortheirproblems.23．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．S

ocialmediahavebadeffectsonteenagers.B．Moreandmoreteenagersusesocialmedia.C．Socialmediapromoteteenagers’communicationskills.D．Teenagersh

avebetterdevelopedtheirpersonalitiesonline.【答案】20．D21．D22．C23．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在社交媒体时代，青少年在社交媒体网站上分享的关于自

己的信息比以往任何时候都多，但这些社交媒体会产生一些不良影响。20．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“AccordingtoaCommonSenseMediaresearchstudy,morethaneightintenteenagershav

evisitedasocialnetworkingsitelikeFacebook,andthreeoutfourteenagersnowhaveanaccountonasocialnetworkingsite(根据一项常识媒体研究，超过80%的青少年访问过

像Facebook这样的社交网站，现在四分之三的青少年在社交网站上有账号)”可知，超过80%的青少年会使用社交媒体。故选D。21．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段“Oneoftheproblemswithsocialme

diaisthatwethrowourbestselvesoutthere,orwhatweliketothinkofasourbestself(社交媒体的一个问题是，我们把最好的自己，或者我们喜欢认为的最好的自己，都展示出去了)”可知，

Fried认为青少年喜欢在网络上展示自己最好的一面。故选D。22．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Asthechildisgrowingup,supervise(监督)whatitisthattheyhaveacce

ssto.(随着孩子的成长，要监督他们能接触到的东西)”可知，DeGiordany建议父母要监管孩子能接触到的内容。故选C。23．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Inthesocialmediaage,teenagersareshari

ngmoreinformationaboutthemselvesonsocialmediasitesthaneverbefore(在社交媒体时代，青少年在社交媒体网站上分享的关于自己的信息比以往任何时候都多)”以及第三段“However,whil

esocialmediasitescanimproveteenagers’communicationabilities,expertssaythatsocialnetworkingcouldbeharmfultohealthyteenageself-esteem(然而，尽管社交媒

体网站可以提高青少年的沟通能力，但专家表示，社交网络可能会损害青少年健康的自尊)”可知，本文主要介绍了青少年越发喜欢社交媒体，但是社交媒体也会对青少年有不良影响。故选A。7.（2023·贵州·统考一模）Themountainbongoantelope,oneofthe

world’smostendangeredanimals,islikelytocontinueroaminginthewildofKenyaforlongerduetointensifiedeffortstoprotectitfromextinction.Following18yea

rsofconservationefforts,staffmembersfromtheMountKenyaWildlifeConservancyreachedamilestonethisyear—thefirstbabymountainbongobor

ninthewild.Oneoftheworld’smostuniqueanimals,themountainbongoisthelargest,heaviestandmostcolorfuloftheforest

antelopesinAfrica.EndemictoequatorialforestsandonlyfoundinKenya’swild,thisspecieshasseenadramaticdeclineinnumbersinthelastfewdec

adesfromanestimatedpopulationof25,000tolessthan100,accordingtoarecentwildlifecensusinKenya.Beforethebeginningofthisdeclineinthe1960s,the

secriticallyendangeredanimalsonceroamedfreelyinKenya’shigh-altitudeforestsoftheAberdares,MountElgonandMountKenya.Its

populationdeclinewasprimarilyhuman-driven.Toreversethedecline,theMountKenyaWildlifeConservancyhasgear

edupeffortsinpartnershipwiththeKenyangovernmenttosavethemountainbongofromextinctionthroughabreedingandrewindin

gprogram.RobertAruho,headofMountKenyaWildlifeConservancy,saiditsaimistorestoreKenya’sheritagespecies.“Aswespeak,themountai

nbongoantelopehassufferedmassivedeclineandweareleftwithlessthan100ofthespeciesinthewild.Whatmakesthisanimalspecialisthatitis

onlyfoundinthewildinKenyaanditsdeclineinthisareathereforemeansitsdeclineintheworld,”saidAruho,addingthattheanimalisbelievedtobeextinctinmostof

itsnaturalhabitats.“Ourprogramhastakentheanimalsthroughaseriesofadaptationmeasurestoenablethemtoacclimatizetolifeinthewild

asopposedtozoos.Thisinvolvedgettingusedtolocalfoodandadaptingtolocalparasitesanddiseases.Thishasenabledthemto

breedandproduceoffspringthatareindigenoustothisenvironment.”Withthefirstphaseofadaptationbeingcomplete,theconservancywillmovetothesecondphasewh

ichentailsintroducingtheantelopestothewild.24．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“roaming”inparagraph1mean?A．Declining.B．Wandering.C．Struggling.D．Decrea

sing.25．Whatcanbelearnedaboutthemountainbongoantelope?A．ItcanbeonlyfoundinthewildinKenya.B．Itisuniquetothesubtropicalra

inforest.C．Thedeclineofitspopulationwascausedbyclimatechange.D．Itisthelargestandmostcolorfuloftheforestantelopesintheworld.26．Whatwillthestaffmem

bersfromtheprogramprobablydonext?A．Theywillhelpthemountainbongoantelopegetusedtolocalfood.B．Theywillassistthemountainb

ongoantelopeinadaptingtothelocaldisease.C．Theywillputthemountainbongoantelopebacktothezoo.D．Theywillbringthemountainbongoantelopetothewild

environmentinKenya.27．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．AnEndangeredAntelopeB．TheKenyanForestsC．EffortsPayingOffD．Harmon

ywithNature【答案】24．B25．A26．D27．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是在科学家们的努力下世界上最濒危动物之一山地邦戈羚羊又可以继续在肯尼亚的大草原上悠闲地漫步了。24．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Themountainbongoan

telope,oneoftheworld’smostendangeredanimals,islikelytocontinueroaminginthewildofKenyaforlongerduetointensifi

edeffortstoprotectitfromextinction.(山地邦戈羚羊是世界上最濒危的动物之一，由于加强了保护其免于灭绝的努力，它可以更长时间的在肯尼亚的大草原上漫步。)”可知，由于科学家们的努力山地邦戈羚羊的数量正在增加，所以可以推测这种羚羊可以继续生

活在草原上，B项Wandering意为“漫步，徜徉”，与roaming意思相近。故选B项。25．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Oneoftheworld’smostuniqueanimals,themountainbongoisthelargest,heaviestandmostcolorfu

loftheforestantelopesinAfrica.EndemictoequatorialforestsandonlyfoundinKenya’swild(作为世界上最独特的动物之一，山地邦戈是非洲最大、最重、色彩最丰富的森林羚羊。赤道森林特有，仅在肯尼亚野外发

现。)”可知A项正确，B项不对，D项不对；根据第二段最后一句“Itspopulationdeclinewasprimarilyhuman-driven.(它的数量下降主要是人为因素造成的。)”可知羚羊数量下降的基本原因是人类，所以C项不对。故

选A项。26．推理判断题。根据本文最后一段“Withthefirstphaseofadaptationbeingcomplete,theconservancywillmovetothesecondphasewhichent

ailsintroducingtheantelopestothewild.(随着第一阶段适应工作的完成，保护区将进入第二阶段，即将羚羊引入野外。)”可知接下来这个项目的工作人员将把山地邦戈羚羊带到肯尼亚的野生环境中。故选D项。27．主旨大意题。文章第一段“T

hemountainbongoantelope,oneoftheworld’smostendangeredanimals,islikelytocontinueroaminginthewildofKenyaforlongerduetointensifiedeffortsto

protectitfromextinction.(山地邦戈羚羊是世界上最濒危的动物之一，由于加强了保护其免于灭绝的努力，它可以更长时间的在肯尼亚的大草原上漫步。)”概括全文，指出由于科学家们的努力，山地邦戈羚羊由恢复了以往的生机，第二段主要讲的是科学家们的努力终于有了回报——迎

来了的第一只在野外出生的山地邦戈羚羊宝宝同时对山地邦戈羚羊面临的危险处境进行乐简单介绍；三、四、五和六段讲的是科学家们为保护山地邦戈羚羊所做出的努力。纵观全文可以看到文章主要在围绕着科学家们的努力终于让山地邦戈羚羊恢

复生机来展开。C项EffortsPayingOff概括全文内容，作为文章题目最为合适。故选C项。8.（2023·重庆·统考模拟预测）Let’sfaceit—mostofuscan’tresistacupofteaorcoffeesometimes.They’reaper

fectpick-me-upandcomforter.Buttherearealternativedrinks,sowhyhavewechosentheseasourgo-todrinkstosootheourbusylives?Andwhichoneissuper

ior?Let’sstartwithtea-it’sthesecondmostconsumeddrinkintheworld.Formany-especiallytheBritish-havinga“cupp

a”isadailypractice.Thecaffeinecontainedinithelpswakeyouupinthemorning,andthroughoutthedaywe’llmakeabrewtodistractusfromourwork.Andaccording

tosomescientists,habitualteaconsumptioncanhavesomehealthbenefits.AndrewSteptoe,aprofessorfromUniversityCollegeLondon’sDep

artmentofEpidemiologyandPublicHealth,toldBBCFoodthatdrinkingblacktea“mayspeeduprecoveryfromthedailystressesinlife...butwedonotknow

whatingredientsofteawereresponsiblefortheseeffectsonstressrecoveryandrelaxation”.Coffeeistea’s＂trendi

er＂rival(对手).Itspopularityhasgrownovertheyears,andthisisreflectedinthenumberofcoffeeshopsweseearound-placestohangout,dobusinessor

catchupwithfriends.Coffeecantastegreatandcanbeservedinmanyways,butit’ssometimeshowyouhaveitthatcanbeseenasastatussym

bolorthepreserveofhipsters(潮人)IOfcourse,itgivesyouastrongcaffeinehit-roughlydoubleofthatcontainedintea.Howev

er,toomuchcanleadtoanxiety.SleepscientistMattWalkertoldtheBBCthatcaffeinecandecreasetheamountofrestorat

ivedeepsleepyouhave.Butsomescientistssaydrinkingcoffee-andgreentea-canalsobegoodforus.ResearchersatOsakaUniversitylinkeddrin

kingadailycupofcoffeewithalowerriskofdeathamongbothstrokesurvivorsandhealthypeople,whiledrinkingsevenormorecupsofgreent

eawasassociatedwithalowerriskofdeathamongbothheartattackandstrokesurvivors.So,whetherweturntocoffeeorteaforitstaste,itsimageorasalifesty

lechoice,itcouldbealifesaver!28．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“soothe“inParagraph1mean?A．Change.B．Relieve.C．Describe.D．Copy-29．Itcanbeinferredfro

mParagraph2that____.A．teaisthemostconsumeddrinkintheworldB．thecaffeineinteacancurepeopleofillnessC．teahelpspromoteourcareersandfriendshipD．thei

ngredientsofteahelppeopleforgettrouble30．WhichofthefollowingmayMattWalkeragreewith?A．Toomuchcoffeeisnotgoodforsleep.B．Bl

ackteaspeedsuprecoveryfromthedailystresses.C．Coffeeissurelymorepopularthantea.D．Drinkingadailycupofcoffeeguaran

teesalonglife.31．Inwhichsectioncanyoureadthepassageonamagazinewebsite?A．Technology.B．Entertainment.C．Busine

ss.D．Health.【答案】28．B29．D30．A31．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了茶和咖啡深受人们喜爱，并简单说明了喝茶或咖啡的好处。28．词句猜测题。根据第一段前两句“Let’sfaceit—mostofuscan’tresist

acupofteaorcoffeesometimes.They’reaperfectpick-me-upandcomforter(让我们认清现实吧——大多数人有时都无法抗拒一杯茶或咖啡。它们是一种完美的鼓舞和安慰)”可知茶和咖啡

有提神、安慰的作用，结合划线单词后的“ourbusylives”可知茶和咖啡能缓解我们忙碌的生活，由此可知划线词词义为“缓解”，故选B项。29．推理判断题。根据第二段“AndrewSteptoe,aprofessorfromUniversityCollegeLondon

’sDepartmentofEpidemiologyandPublicHealth,toldBBCFoodthatdrinkingblacktea“mayspeeduprecoveryfromthedailystressesinlife...butwedono

tknowwhatingredientsofteawereresponsiblefortheseeffectsonstressrecoveryandrelaxation”.(伦敦大学学院流行病学和公共卫生学系教授AndrewSteptoe告诉BBC食品频道说，喝红茶“可

以加快从日常生活压力中恢复过来……但我们不知道茶中的哪些成分对压力恢复和放松有这些效果。”)”可知，茶里的某些成分有减轻压力、放松的效果，即让人们暂时忘记让他们烦恼的事情。故选D项。30．细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“However,toomuchcanle

adtoanxiety.SleepscientistMattWalkertoldtheBBCthatcaffeinecandecreasetheamountofrestorativedeepsleepyouhave.(然而，过多会导致焦虑。睡眠科学家MattWalke

r告诉BBC，咖啡因会减少让人恢复精力的深度睡眠。)”可知过度地饮用咖啡不利于睡眠。故选A项。31．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“ResearchersatOsakaUniversitylinkeddrinkingadailycupofcoffeewith

alowerriskofdeathamongbothstrokesurvivorsandhealthypeople,whiledrinkingsevenormorecupsofgreenteawasassociatedwithalowerriskofdeathamongb

othheartattackandstrokesurvivors.So,whetherweturntocoffeeorteaforitstaste,itsimageorasalifestylechoice,itco

uldbealifesaver!(大阪大学的研究人员发现，在中风幸存者和健康人群中，每天喝一杯咖啡的死亡风险较低，而在心脏病发作和中风幸存者中，喝七杯或更多绿茶的死亡风险较低。所以，无论我们选择咖啡还是茶是因为它的味道、它的形象或作为一种生活方式的选择，

它都可能是我们的救命稻草！)”可知这篇文章主要告诉读者喝茶或者咖啡对身体有好处。所以这篇文章取自于杂志的“健康”部分。故选D项。9.（2022秋·江西赣州·高三校联考期末）LocalauthoritiesandfirefightersintheUnitedState

sarealwaysonthelookoutfornewandcreativemethodstohelpcontrolwildfires.Especiallyduringthehotanddrysummermonths,thousandsofwildfi

rescausedamagetoforestseveryyear.ThecityofWestSacramentoinNorthCaliforniahasfoundacreativesecretweapontohelpdealwiththisphenomenon

:goats.Thesefriendlyanimalshavebeenassistingthecitywithwildfirepreventionandfirerisksbyeatingweeds,dryg

rassanddeadtrees.Whenthegoatseatthethingsthatarelikelytocatchfire,theypreventtheproblemfromhappening.Wildfiresoccurnaturallywhendryplants

areignited(点燃)bythesun’sheatandcatchonfire.However,mostwildfiresarecausedbyhumancarelessness,includingunattend

edcampfires,cigarettesandotherflammableobjects.Thebeststrategytobattlethefiresandminimizethedamageistoattempttoremovethefuelth

atenablesthespreadoftheflames,inthiscasethedryweeds,treesandplants.Ifthethingsthataremostlikelytocatchfirearegone,thefireislesslikelytospr

ead.Theloveablegoatsareabletoreachdifficultareasthatpeoplearenotabletoaccess.About400ofthesegoatscanclea

rtwoacresperday.Theyevenfertilize(使肥沃)thearea,anaturalandfreesideeffectofeatingallthosedryplants.Firefightersandgovernmentofficialscannotbehapp

ierwiththeresults.“Forus,thecombinationofturningtogoatsforhelpwiththequickfireresponseisaneffectivemethodofkeepin

gourneighborssafefromdisastrouswildfires,“saidassistantFireChiefKhariHelae.”Withclimatechangeandthefactthatourvegetationisbeingaffect

edbecauseofclimatechange,it’snecessarytofocusonourfuelreductionprogram.”32．Howdogoatsassistthecityin

dealingwithwildfires?A．Byidentifyingthefuelinforests.B．Byconsumingdryplants.C．Byleadingfirefighterstofires

ources.D．Byeatingupgreentreeleaves.33．Whatcanwesayaboutthenewmethod?A．Itiscomplexbutrewarding.B．Itcausesdamagetolocalland.C．Itiswellacceptedworld

wide.D．Itisenvironmentally-friendly.34．WhatcanbelearnedfromKhariHelae’swords?A．Hespokehighlyofthenewmethod.B．Hewasdissatisfiedwithfirere

sponses.C．Hewasoptimisticaboutclimatechange.D．Heconsideredfuelreductionimpractical.35．Whichofthefollowin

gisthebesttitleforthetext?A．GoatsHelpKeepWildfiresUnderControlB．FirefightersAreBeingGraduallyReplacedC．DisastrousWildfiresNeedt

oBeControlledD．AnimalsAreFightingAgainstClimateChange【答案】32．B33．D34．A35．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。美国的一个城市找到了一个有助于控制野火的秘密武器——山羊。32．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thebest

strategytobattlethefiresandminimizethedamageistoattempttoremovethefuelthatenablesthespreadoftheflames,inthiscasethedryweeds,treesandplants.

Ifthethingsthataremostlikelytocatchfirearegone,thefireislesslikelytospread.(与火灾作斗争并将损失降至最低的最佳策略是试图移除使火焰蔓延的燃料，在这种情况下是

干燥的杂草、树木和植物。如果最容易着火的东西都没有了，火势就不太可能蔓延。)”可知，山羊会吃掉可能会引发火灾的干枯的植物，从而防止野火发生。故选B。33．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Theyevenfertilize(使肥沃)thearea,anaturalandfrees

ideeffectofeatingallthosedryplants.(它们甚至会给该地区施肥，这是食用所有这些干燥植物的自然而免费的副作用。)”可推断，这个方法对环境是有益的。故选D。34．推理判断

题。通读最后一段KharHelae所说的话“Forus,thecombinationofturningtogoatsforhelpwiththequickfireresponseisaneffectivemethodof

keepingourneighborssafefromdisastrouswildfires,(对我们来说，向山羊寻求帮助与快速火灾反应相结合，是保护我们的邻居免受灾难性野火伤害的有效方法，)”可知，KharHeae认为将依靠

山羊控制野火和快速应对野火相结合是一个有效的方法，面对气候变化，人类更应该着眼于减少火源。由此可推断，KhanHelae高度赞扬依靠山羊控制野火这一创新的方式。故选A。35．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是文章第一段“ThecityofWestSacramentoin

NorthCaliforniahasfoundacreativesecretweapontohelpdealwiththisphenomenon:goats.(北加州西萨克拉门托市发现了一种创造性的秘密武器来帮助解决这一现象：山羊。)”可知，文章主要介绍了山羊是

如何帮助控制野火的。所以“GoatsHelpKeepWildfiresUnderControl(山羊有助于控制野火)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。10.（2022·广东深圳·校考模拟预测）Theterm“M

etaverse”(元宇宙)isthelatestbuzzword(流行语)tocapturethetechindustry’simagination.ItenjoyssuchpopularitythatMarkZuckerberg,CEOofFacebook,hasannouncedrecent

lythathe’schanginghiscompany’snametoMetaPlatformsInc.inordertoengageinthecreativenewtrend.Thismightbethe

biggestthingtohappentothemetaversesincethesciencefictionwriterNealStephensoninventedthetermforhis1992novelSnowCrash

.ButZuckerbergandhisteamarehardlytheonlytechgiantswithideasonhowthemetaverseshouldtakeshape.Whatisthemetaverse?Zuckerberghasdescribeditasa“vi

rtualenvironment”youcangoinsideofratherthanjustlookingatonascreen.Essentially,it’saworldofinterconnectedvirtualcommunitieswherepeoplecan

meet,workandplay,byusingvirtualrealityglasses,smartphoneorotherdevices.Themetaversealsocouldbeagame-changerforthework-from-homeshiftduringtheC

OVID-19.Insteadofonlyseeingco-workersonavideocall,employeescouldevenjointheminavirtualoffice.However,Zuckerberg’ssupportforthemetaver

secontradictsacentralbeliefofitsbiggestenthusiasts.Theyregardthemetaverseasonlineculture’sliberationfromtechplatformslikeFacebo

okthatnotonlytakecontrolofpeople’saccounts,photosandposts,butalsotradeoffwhattheycollectedfromthatdata.“Wewanttobeabletomovearoundth

eInternetwithease,butwealsowanttobeabletomovearoundtheInternetinawaywe’renottrackedandmonitored,”saidSteveJang,whofocusesoncrypto-currenc

y(数字货币)technology.WhenitcomestoFacebooktryingtoleadthewayintoavirtualworld,thereisagrowingconcernamongsome

peoplethatitcouldrequireevenmorepersonaldataandcausegreaterrisksforinformationabusewhenthecompanyhasn’tfixedthoseproblems

initscurrentplatforms.36．WhyisZuckerbergchangingthenameofhiscompany?A．Becausehelikestofoundthemetaverse.

B．Becauseheintendstogetinvolvedinthemetaverse.C．Becausehewantstodrawpublicattention.D．Becauseheplanstoquithispresentbusiness.37．Whatcanpeopled

ointheMetaverse?A．Doeverythingintherealworld.B．Havemeetingsinthevirtualoffice.C．Defeatthepandemic.D．Seeco-workersinperson.38．Whatcanbeinferr

edaboutthecentralbeliefofMetaversefans?A．Themetaverseshouldbetrackedbytechplatforms.B．Techplatformsshouldpossessandt

radeusers’data.C．Crypto-currencytechnologyshouldbemonitored.D．Usersshouldhavecontrolovertheirowndata.39．Whatissomepeople’sattitudetowardsFaceboo

k’sattempttoguidethemetaverse?A．Optimistic.B．Neutral.C．Worried.D．Pessimistic.【答案】36．B37．B38．D39．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了什么是元宇宙以及元宇宙

存在的个人数据安全隐患。36．细节理解题。根据第一段“ItenjoyssuchpopularitythatMarkZuckerberg,CEOofFacebook,hasannouncedrecentlythathe’schanginghi

scompany’snametoMetaPlatformsInc.inordertoengageinthecreativenewtrend.(它如此受欢迎，以至于Facebook的首席执行官马克·扎克

伯格最近宣布，他将把公司的名字改为元平台公司，以参与这一创造性的新趋势。)”可知，扎克伯格将公司改名为元平台公司，因为他打算参与元宇宙。故选B。37．推理判断题。根据第三段“Zuckerberghasdescribeditasa“virtualen

vironment”youcangoinsideofratherthanjustlookingatonascreen.Essentially,it’saworldofinterconnectedvirtualcommunitieswherepeoplecanme

et,workandplay,byusingvirtualrealityglasses,smartphoneorotherdevices.Themetaversealsocouldbeagame-changerforthework-from

-homeshiftduringtheCOVID-19.Insteadofonlyseeingco-workersonavideocall,employeescouldevenjointheminavirtualoffice.(扎克伯格将其描

述为一个“虚拟环境”，你可以进入其中，而不仅仅是在屏幕上观看。从本质上讲，这是一个相互连接的虚拟社区世界，人们可以通过虚拟现实眼镜、智能手机或其他设备在这里见面、工作和娱乐。元宇宙也可能成为COVID-19期间在家工作的游戏规则改变者。员工们不仅可以通过视频电话

与同事们见面，还可以在虚拟办公室中与他们会面。)”可推断，在元宇宙，人们可以在虚拟办公室开会。故选B。38．推理判断题。根据第四段“However,Zuckerberg’ssupportforthemetaversecontradictsacentralbeliefofitsbiggestenth

usiasts.Theyregardthemetaverseasonlineculture’sliberationfromtechplatformslikeFacebookthatnotonlytakecontrolofpeopl

e’saccounts,photosandposts,butalsotradeoffwhattheycollectedfromthatdata.“WewanttobeabletomovearoundtheInternetwithease,butwealsowant

tobeabletomovearoundtheInternetinawaywe’renottrackedandmonitored,”saidSteveJang,whofocusesoncrypto-currency(数字货币)tech

nology.(然而，扎克伯格对元宇宙的支持与它最大的狂热者的核心信念相矛盾。他们认为元宇宙是网络文化从Facebook等科技平台中解放出来的产物，这些平台不仅控制着人们的账户、照片和帖子，还会对他们从这些数据中收集到的信息进行交易。“我们希望能够轻松地在互联网上移动，但我们也希望能够以一

种不被跟踪和监控的方式在互联网上移动，”专注于加密货币技术的史蒂夫·张说。)”可推断，用户应该对自己的数据有控制权。故选D。39．推理判断题。根据最后一段“WhenitcomestoFacebooktryingtol

eadthewayintoavirtualworld,thereisagrowingconcernamongsomepeoplethatitcouldrequireevenmorepersonaldataandcausegreaterris

ksforinformationabusewhenthecompanyhasn’tfixedthoseproblemsinitscurrentplatforms.(当谈到Facebook试图引领人们进入虚拟世

界时，一些人越来越担心，在该公司尚未在现有平台上解决这些问题的情况下，它可能需要更多的个人数据，并造成更大的信息滥用风险。)”可推断，对于Facebook试图引导元世界，一些人持担心的态度。故选C。