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专题04说明文专练二1.（2023秋·湖南怀化·高三统考期末）TheideaofBuyNowPayLater,orBNPL,hasattractedmillionsofshopperswiththepromiseofinterest-freecredit.Anincredible45percen

tof18to24-year-oldsintheUKturnedtoBNPLlastyear,accordingtoTheMoneyCharity.Lenderssaytheyofferabetterdealthancreditcards,bec

ausetheydonotchargeinterestbutmakemoneyfromaffiliatedeals(关联交易)withretailers(零售商).Itmaybeanewwayofborrowingmoney,buttheold

rulesstillapply:unlessyourepaythedebtquickly,youarebuildinguptroubleforthefuture.Now,BNPLsaregrowinginpopularityanddohaveupsides—mostlyconvenients

hoppingwithinterest-easyfinancingandnostrictapprovalrequirements.However,theyalsomakeiteffortlesstoovershop,overspend,an

dgetinoveryourheadwithcreditproblems.Lenderspaytheretaileronyourbehalf,andthenyourepayover30daysorthreemonths,spreadingthecosttohelpwi

thyourcashflow.Theysaythisisfairerandlessexpensivethancreditcards.Thatmaybetrue,butBNPLhasdangers,too.BNPLlen

dersmaynotchargeanyinterest,buttheystillwantyoutopaybackthemoneyyouhaveborrowed,sowhatifyoucan’t?Typically,youhave30daystopay.Ify

oudon’t,yourlenderwillcontactyoutochaselatepayments.Ifyoustilldon’tpay,theycallinthedebtcollectors.CitizensAdvicesaysthat14million

usedaBNPLproductlastyear,butsixmilliondidnotunderstandwhattheyweresigningupfor.Some26%ofBNPLcustomersregrettedthe

irchoice,while41%struggledwithrepayment.Youngerpeoplewereparticularlyatrisk.AquarterofthosemakingBNPLrepaymentscouldn’

taffordfood,rentorbillsasaresult.AnotherworryisthatBNPLlendersonlyperform‘soft’searchesonaperson’screditreport,sodonotseethebo

rrower’struecreditstatus.Thismeanstheycannotremovepeoplewithfinancialproblemsandmayendupaddingtotheirtroubles.BNPLlenderssaythe

ydocarefulcheckstomakesuretheyneverlendmorethanaconsumercanaffordtopayback,andalsopauseaccountsifasing

lepaymentislate.Nobodywantstobepursuedbydebtcollectors.IfyoudouseBNPLcredit,neverborrowmorethanyoucanaffordt

orepay.1．HowdoBNPLlendersearnprofitsaccordingtothetext?A．Theyforceborrowerstopaytheirdebts.B．Theyrequirepaymentforretailers’services.C．T

heyreceiveacertainfeefromaffiliatedeals.D．Theychargeinterestfrom18to24-year-oldusers.2．WhydoesBNPLbecomemorea

ndmorepopular?A．Forstrictapprovalrequirementsandnointerest.B．Foritsconvenienceofshoppingwithhighinterest.C

．Forbuyinganythingneededwithoutcreditproblems.D．Forconvenientshoppingandnostrictapprovalrequirements.3．WhatproblemdoestheBuyNowPayLatermethodhave?A

．Alltheyoungpeoplecan’trepaythedebtquickly.B．Itisdifficulttoknowtheborrower’srealcreditstatus.C．MorethanhalfofBNPLcustome

rscan’taffordthepayments.D．BNPLhastodependondebtcollectorstogetbackthemoney.4．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsBNPL?A．Favorable.B．Indifferent.C．Object

ive.D．Critical.【答案】1．C2．D3．B4．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了BNPL越来越受欢迎,以无息信贷的承诺吸引了数百万购物者，但是也存在着潜在的风险。1．细节理解题。文章第

一段“Lenderssaytheyofferabetterdealthancreditcards,becausetheydonotchargeinterestbutmakemoneyfromaffiliatedeals(关联交易)withretailers(零售商).(贷方表示，他们提供的

交易比信用卡更好，因为他们不收取利息，而是从与零售商的关联交易中赚钱)”可知，根据文章，BNPL贷款人从联盟交易中收取一定的费用，故选C。2．细节理解题。文章第二段“Now,BNPLsaregrowinginpopularityanddohaveupside

s—mostlyconvenientshoppingwithinterest-easyfinancingandnostrictapprovalrequirements.(现在，BNPL越来越受欢迎，而且确实有好处——大多是购物方便，融资方便，没有严格的审批

要求)”可知，BNPL越来越受欢迎是因为方便购物，无严格的审批要求。故选D。3．细节理解题。文章最后一段“AnotherworryisthatBNPLlendersonlyperform‘soft’searchesonaperson’screditreport,sodonotseeth

eborrower’struecreditstatus.(另一个担忧是BNPL贷款人只对个人的信用报告进行‘软’搜索，因此看不到借款人的真实信用状况)”可知，BNPL的问题是很难知道借款人的真实信用状况。故选B。4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据最后一

段“Nobodywantstobepursuedbydebtcollectors.IfyoudouseBNPLcredit,neverborrowmorethanyoucanaffordtorepay.(没有

人愿意被讨债人追杀。如果你确实使用了BNPL信贷，千万不要借款超过你偿还能力)”可知，作者客观介绍了BNPL越来越受欢迎,以无息信贷的承诺吸引了数百万购物者，但是也存在着潜在的风险。由此推知，作者对BNPL的态

度是客观的。故选C。2.（2022·广西·统考一模）NASAismakingpreparationstosendacrewtothemoonwhowillexplorethelunarsurfacewiththehopeofconstru

ctingastablehabitat.AlthoughtheAmericanspaceagencyfocusesonjustsendingastronauts,othercompaniesarelookingfurtherinto

thefutureforwhenhumanswillcolonizethenaturalsatellite.ExpertsatMoney,acompanyforconsumercreditproducts,releasedthefirst-evermoonloanguidethatrevealsl

ivingonthelunarsurfacewouldcost$325,067amonth.“WiththeEarthbecomingincreasinglypopulatedandspacetechnologyadvancing,it

won’tbelongbeforelunarlivingbecomesthenewnormal,”readsthestudy.TheteamfromMoneyusedvariousfactorstocalculatethecostofah

ouseonthemoon:rawmaterialsneededtobuildahouse,thespecialmaterialsneededtobuildonthemoon’satmosphere,astronautsrequiredtotraveltobuild,andthe

averagecostoftransportingmaterialstothemoon.Accordingtothemoonloanguide,thefirstfullyfunctioninghouseonthemoonwo

uldbe$48,454,063,whichisahighpriceforahome.Thepriceincludesaddinglife-savingdetailstohomessuchasairseals,industrial-strengthair-cond

itionersandheaters.“Generatingenergyisvitalwhenlivinginsuchextremeconditions,andthereforethecostofsomesupplie

smayforceyoutoconsidersomealternativeoptions.ThemostefficientwaytogenerateelectricityonthemoonistobuyasmallnuclearreactorcostingS1.3mil

lion,“Moneysharesinthestudy.“Alternatively,34solarpanelswouldgenerateenoughelectricitytorunonehouseandcostonly$23,

616incomparison.”Theguidealsorevealsthemostideallocationsonthemoon,with“SeaofRains”beingconsidered”the

perfectfamilysuburb”—thisregionsitsatthenorthandisoneofthelargestimpactcratersintheSolarSystem.5．What’sthepurposeofN

ASAsendingacrewtothemoon?A．Toencouragecompaniestoreleasemoonloan.B．Tocolonizethemoonalone.C．Toexplorethemoonfor

naturalresources.D．Tobuildalastinglivingplaceonthemoon.6．Whichofthefollowingwasnotconsideredwhentheteamestimatedthecostofalunarhouse?A．M

aterialsneededtobuildahouseonthemoon.B．Thecostoflookingforthemostideallocationonthemoon.C．Astronautsneededtotraveltobuildahouseonthe

moon.D．Theaveragecostoftransportingmaterialstothemoon.7．Whatcanweinferfromthestudy?A．Lunarlivingwon’ttakelongtobecomeareality.B．Thefirsth

ouseonthemoonwillbethemostexpensivehome.C．Youwilldefinitelybuyanuclearreactortogenerateelectricityonthemoon.D．Theperfectlocationonthe

moonforlivingisthelargestimpactcraterintheSolarSystem.8．What’sthetextmainlyabout?A．Thefirstloanguideaboutlivingonthemoon.B．Themoon-th

emostideallivingplaceforhumans.C．NASAwillsendastronautstothemoon.D．Livingonthemoonhasbecomepossible.【答案】5．D6．B7．A8．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。

消费信贷产品公司Money的专家发布了首个月球贷款指南，该指南显示，在月球表面生活每月将花费325067美元。文章主要讲述了月球生活所需费用。5．细节理解题。根据第一段“NASAismakingpreparationstosendacre

wtothemoonwhowillexplorethelunarsurfacewiththehopeofconstructingastablehabitat.(美国国家航空航天局正在准备向月球派遣宇航员，他们将探索月球表面，希

望建立一个稳定的栖息地)”可知，NASA送宇航员去月球的目的是希望在月球上建立一个稳定的居住地。故选D。6．细节理解题。根据第三段“TheteamfromMoneyusedvariousfactorstocalculatethecost

ofahouseonthemoon:rawmaterialsneededtobuildahouse,thespecialmaterialsneededtobuildonthemoon’satmosphere,astronautsrequiredtotravel

tobuild,andtheaveragecostoftransportingmaterialstothemoon.(来自Money的团队使用各种因素来计算在月球上建造房子的成本：建造房子所需的原材料，在月球大气层上建造所需的特殊材料

，宇航员需要旅行建造，以及将材料运输到月球的平均成本)”可知，当研究小组估计月球房屋的成本时，“在月球上寻找最理想地点的成本”没有被考虑。故选B。7．推理判断题。根据第三段第一句““WiththeEarthbecomingincreasinglypopulatedan

dspacetechnologyadvancing,itwon’tbelongbeforelunarlivingbecomesthenewnormal,”readsthestudy.(该研究称：“随着地球人口越来越多，太空技术不断进步，用不了多久，月球生活就会

成为新的常态。”)”可知，月球生活用不了多久就会成为现实。故选A。8．主旨大意题。根据第二段“ExpertsatMoney,acompanyforconsumercreditproducts,releasedthefirst-evermoonloangu

idethatrevealslivingonthelunarsurfacewouldcost$325,067amonth.(消费信贷产品公司Money的专家发布了首个月球贷款指南，该指南显示，在月球表面生活每月将花费325067美元)”结合后文都在围绕这个信贷指南讲述月球生活费用以及

其他内容。故这篇文章主要讲的是第一本关于在月球上生活的贷款指南。故选A。3.（2022·四川广安·统考一模）Withgloballyfamousliteraryfestivals,specialtybookshops

andarichculturalwelltodrawfrom,Torontoisaliteraturelover’sdream.Herearetwofestivals.WhenWordontheStreetwasfirstheldinTorontoin1990,itwasdesignedtocel

ebrateCanada’srichliteraryculture.Nowit’sbecomethelargestfestivalinthecountrydevotedtobooksandmagazines.It’sfreeforattendees.Ofcourse,you

havetopayifyoubuybookshere.Then,thecontemporary-literature-focusedTorontoInternationalFestivalofAuthors(TIFA)willcomen

extmonth-eachOctober.TIFAKidstakesplaceatthesametime,makingforaliteraryescapeforthewholefamily.Howaboutspecialt

ybookshops?FlyingBooksisabookstore,bookpublisherandwritingschoolfoundedbybookeditorMarthaSharpe.YoucanfindSharpe’

sselectionoftitlesatTheGoodNeighborEspressoBarandtheGladstoneHouse.Extendyourliteratureexperiencefromhomewithitsvir

tualclassesoncriticism,journalism,memoirandmore,taughtbyexperiencedCanadianauthors.BenMcNallyBooks(possiblythecity’smostbeautifulbookstore)isi

ntheeastoftheFinancialDistrict,whoseownerisregularlyon-sitetoassistyouwithrecommendations.TypeBooksacrossfromgreenTrinityBellwoo

dsParkwhichistheperfectspottoreadunderthetreesisco-ownedbyaformerliteratureprofessorandbestforgeneralinterest.Westend’sMonkey’sPaw,whereyoucanfin

drarebooks,anduniquefinds,specializesinsecondhandandancientbooks.QueenBooksinLeslievillehasanexcellentkids’sectionwhereyouc

anbuythelatestchildren’sbooks.9．WhatdoweknowaboutWordontheStreet?A．Ithasgrowngradually.B．Itisheldeac

hOctober.C．Itchargesparticipants.D．ItisofTIFAorigin.10．WhatcanFlyingBookshelpyoudo?A．Becomeabookeditorfaster.B．Buildupapersonallibrary.C．Ge

tthefreebooksfromauthors.D．Improveyourliteraryskillsonline.11．Whichbookstorewillyougotofindagoodplaceto

readafterbuyingbooks?A．QueenBooks.B．BenMcNallyBooks.C．TypeBooks.D．Monkey’sPaw.【答案】9．A10．D11．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了多伦多一些特色

书店的情况。9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“WhenWordontheStreetwasfirstheldinTorontoin1990,itwasdesignedtocelebrateCanada’srichl

iteraryculture.Nowit’sbecomethelargestfestivalinthecountrydevotedtobooksandmagazines.(1990年，WordonStreet首次在多伦多举办

，旨在庆祝加拿大丰富的文学文化。现在它已经成为美国最大的书籍和杂志节日)”可知，WordontheStreet是逐渐增长的。故选A。10．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Extendyourliteratureexperiencefromhomewithitsvirtualclassesoncri

ticism,journalism,memoirandmore,taughtbyexperiencedCanadianauthors.(通过由经验丰富的加拿大作家教授的批评、新闻、回忆录等虚拟课程，扩展您在家中的文学体验)”可知，FlyingBooks可

以在线提高你的文学技能。故选D。11．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“TypeBooksacrossfromgreenTrinityBellwoodsParkwhichistheperfectspottoreadunderthetreesisco-ownedbyaformerliter

atureprofessorandbestforgeneralinterest.(绿色的TrinityBellwoods公园对面的TypeBooks是在树下阅读的最佳地点，由一位前文学教授共同拥有，最适合大众兴趣)”可知，买完书你会去TypeBooks找个好

地方看书。故选C。4.（2023·重庆·统考模拟预测）Playingsportsyouenjoycanhelpyoumeetrecommendedactivitylevels.Ina2012article,Dr.Dav

idGeierclaimedplayingsportswaslinkedtoreducedratesofobesity,highbloodpressure,diabetesandotherpoorhealthconditions.A2012MelbourneUniversitysu

mmaryfactsheetclaimedplayingsportsleadstothehealthygrowthofbones,musclesandconnectivetissueinchildren.Italsosugge

stedchildrenwhoplaysportstendtoremainmorephysicallyactiveasadultsandarelesslikelytosmokeorusedrugs.Thesoci

albenefitsofplayingsportslastwellbeyondyouth.Teamsportsofferadultsofallagesanopportunityforsocialinteraction.A2009studybyAsztalosMetal,published

inthe“JournalofScienceandMedicineinSport”foundplayingsportsreducedstresslevelsamongadultswhileotherformsofp

hysicalactivitydidnot.Whileyourchancesofevermakingittotheprofessionalsareslim,sportscanstillleadtocareeropportunities.Youcanbecom

eacoachorofficial,andwiththerighteducationandexperiencebecomepartofthesportsmedia.Playingsportscouldbeyourtickettoachea

pereducation,too.Thedata-compilingwebsitescholarshipstats.comreportedthat177,000studentathleteshadsomeo

ralloftheireducationpaidforinthe2021-22academicyear.Ofcourse,withanyphysicalactivitycomestheriskofinjury.butsomesportsaredefinitelymoredangero

usthanothers.Ina2011survey,thenon-profitSafeKidsWorldwidereportedthatover1.35millionchildrensustainedsports-

relatedinjuriesbadenoughforatriptoanemergencyroom.Somesportsevencarrytheriskofpotentiallydangerousphysicalproblemsoffthe

field.Mostnotablearetheeatingdisordersthathavedevelopedamonggymnastsandotherathletesthatneedtocutweightforcompetition

.12．Whatdoesthefirstparagraphmainlytellus?A．Sportshelpkeepactiveandhealthy.B．Sportsreducestresslevels.C．Sportshelpgainso

cialbenefits.D．Sportshelprecoveryfromillness.13．Howcanstudentsgetacheapereducationbyplayingsports?A．Theyarepa

idtoplaysports.B．Theycanachievescholarship.C．They’llbestrongertostudybetter.D．Theycangraduateearlier.14．Howisthelastparagraphdifferentfromtheabovepa

ragraphs?A．Tellinganewadvantage.B．Movingtoasummary.C．Writinginadifferenttone.D．Givingfurtherexplanation.15．Whoisthearticleintendedfor?A．Officials.B

．Sportsmen.C．Doctors.D．Kids.【答案】12．A13．B14．C15．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了运动有助于保持活力和健康，同时运动可以有助于青少年社交以及获得更便宜的教育。12．主

旨大意题。根据第一段“Playingsportsyouenjoycanhelpyoumeetrecommendedactivitylevels.Ina2012article,Dr.DavidGeierclaimedpl

ayingsportswaslinkedtoreducedratesofobesity,highbloodpressure,diabetesandotherpoorhealthconditions.A2012Melbourne

Universitysummaryfactsheetclaimedplayingsportsleadstothehealthygrowthofbones,musclesandconnectivetissueinchildren.Italsosuggestedchildrenw

hoplaysportstendtoremainmorephysicallyactiveasadultsandarelesslikelytosmokeorusedrugs.(做你喜欢的运动可以帮助你达到推荐的活动量。在2012年的一篇文章中，大卫·盖尔博士声称，运动与降低肥胖

、高血压、糖尿病和其他不良健康状况的发病率有关。2012年墨尔本大学的一份概况介绍称，体育运动有助于儿童骨骼、肌肉和结缔组织的健康成长。研究还表明，参加体育运动的儿童成年后往往更活跃，吸烟或吸毒的可能性也更小)”可知，第一段主要告诉我们运动有助于保持活力和健康。故选A。13．细节理解题。根据第三段

中“Playingsportscouldbeyourtickettoacheapereducation,too.Thedata-compilingwebsitescholarshipstats.comreportedthat177,000studentathleteshadsomeorall

oftheireducationpaidforinthe2021-22academicyear.(参加体育运动也可能是你获得更便宜教育的门票。数据汇编网站scholarshipstats.com报告称，在2021到22学年，17.7万名学生运动员的部分或全部

教育都得到了支付)”可知，学生可以通过获得奖学金，来获得更便宜的教育。故选B。14．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ofcourse,withanyphysicalactivitycomestheriskofin

jury.butsomesportsaredefinitelymoredangerousthanothers.Ina2011survey,thenon-profitSafeKidsWorldwidereportedthatover

1.35millionchildrensustainedsports-relatedinjuriesbadenoughforatriptoanemergencyroom.Somesportsevencarrytheriskofpotentiallydangerousphysicalproblems

offthefield.Mostnotablearetheeatingdisordersthathavedevelopedamonggymnastsandotherathletesthatneedtocutwe

ightforcompetition.(当然，任何体育活动都有受伤的风险。但有些运动肯定比其他运动更危险。在2011年的一项调查中，非营利组织“全球儿童安全”报告称，超过135万名儿童因运动受伤，严重到需要去急诊室。有些运动甚至会在场外引发潜在的身体问题。最值得注意的是在体操运动员

和其他需要减肥的运动员中出现的饮食失调)”可推知，最后一段和上面几段的不同在于是用不同的语气写的，强调了体育运动的危险性。故选C。15．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Thesocialbenefitsofplayingsportslas

twellbeyondyouth.(从事体育运动的社会效益远远超出了青少年时期)”以及第三段中“Whileyourchancesofevermakingittotheprofessionalsareslim,sportscanstillleadt

ocareeropportunities.(虽然你成为职业运动员的机会很小，但运动仍然可以带来职业机会)”可推知，文章针对的是孩子。故选D。5.（2023·湖南永州·统考二模）Althoughmostdietsvarya

ccordingtowhatfoodsyoucaneat,theyallfollowthesameprincipleofrestrictiontoloseweight—youneedtoeatless.

Thenow-trendydietofintuitiveeatingis,inasense,ananti-diet:followersareencouragedtobasewhattheyeatonhowtheyfeel,notonprescribedlimitsorcalorieco

unts.Theconceptwasfirstproposedinthemid-90sbyregistereddietitiansElyseReschandEvelynTribole,whowroteIntuitiveEating.Thefirststepistore

jecttheideathatyouneedtobeonadiettobehealthy.You’reencouragedtoalsogiveyourself“permission”toeatallfoods,torejecttheideaof“go

od”and“bad”foodsandtoacceptyournaturalbodyshape.Finally,youhelpmakeyourbodyhealthierbyaddingexercise,findingbetterwaysthanf

oodtorelieveyouremotionsandslowlyshiftingtomorenutritiousfoodchoices.Oneofthebiggestmisunderstandingsaroundintuitiveeating

isthatnutritiongoesoutthewindow.Curiously,researchesshowsthatinatraditionaldiet,caloricrestrictionisusuallyfollowedbyabinge(放纵),wherethebody’

sprimarydrivetomakesureitgetsenoughcaloriesismoreimportantthananydesiresfornutritionormoderation(自我节制),whichleadstodisorderedeatingpatterns.However,

becauseintuitiveeatingallowsallfoodsonthetable,practitionerscanmakesmall,slowchangesthatultimatelyaremorelong-lasting-towardeatingmorenutriti

onally.Thereisn’tstrongresearchtobackupclaimsthatintuitiveeatinghelpswithlosingweightoreatingmore-nutritiousfood.However,inKeller’sexperience,aregis

tereddietitianinCalgary,intuitiveeatingcanhelpwithoverallweightmaintenance.Inaddition,intuitiveeatersdo

gainahealthierattitudetowardfood,comparedtotraditionaldieters.Kellersays,“Whenpeopledecidetodiet,whattheyactuallywantistofeelcomfortableandconfi

dentandhealthyintheirownbody.Peoplehavetobereadytoovercometheirconstantdesiretoloseweightandcontrolthei

rbody,andtorealizethatchanginghowtheylookontheoutsideisn’tgoingtochangethosethingsontheinside.”16．Whatdoweknowaboutintu

itiveeating?A．Ithelpsfollowerstoloseweightbyeatingless.B．Itprohibitsfollowersfromeatingwhattheylike.C．Ite

ncourageseaterstobeonadiettobehealthy.D．Itadviseseaterstobehealthierbyexercisingmore.17．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“goesoutthewindow”meaninth

ethirdparagraph?A．Exports.B．Disappears.C．Destroys.D．Distributes.18．WhatistheKeller’sattitudetointuitiveeating?A．Favorable.B．Intolerant.C．Doubtful.D

．Unclear.19．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Doesintuitiveeatingbeataconventionaldiet?B．Howdoesintuitiveeatingwork?C．

Willintuitiveeatinghelplosemoreweight?D．Shouldwebothertoloseweight?【答案】16．D17．B18．A19．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要提到相对于传统饮

食中认为节食可以增加健康，而直觉性饮食鼓励饮食者拒绝“好”和“坏”食物。通过更多的锻炼，进而变得更健康。16．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Thenow-trendydietofintuitiveeatingis,inasens

e,ananti-diet:followersareencouragedtobasewhattheyeatonhowtheyfeel,notonprescribedlimitsorcaloriecounts.”（从某种意

义上说，现在流行的直觉饮食是一种反对节食的饮食:鼓励追随者根据自己的感觉来决定吃什么，而不是根据规定的限制或卡路里计数。）第二段中“Thefirststepistorejecttheideathatyouneedtobeonadiettobehealt

hy.You’reencouragedtoalsogiveyourself“permission”toeatallfoods,torejecttheideaof“good”and“bad”foodsandtoacce

ptyournaturalbodyshape.Finally,youhelpmakeyourbodyhealthierbyaddingexercise,findingbetterwaysthanfoodtorel

ieveyouremotionsandslowlyshiftingtomorenutritiousfoodchoices.”（第一步是要拒绝那种认为你需要节食才能保持健康的想法。你也被鼓励给自己吃所有食物

的“许可”，拒绝“好”和“坏”食物的想法，并接受你自然的身体形状。最后，通过增加锻炼，找到比食物更好的方法来缓解情绪，慢慢地转向更有营养的食物选择，你的身体会变得更健康。）可知，直觉饮食鼓励饮食者拒绝“好”和“坏”食物的想法，并接受你自然的身体形状根据自己的感觉来决定吃什么，同时通过增加

锻炼，进而慢慢地转向更有营养的食物选择，让自己变得更健康。故选D。17．词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词后句中“Curiously,researchesshowsthatinatraditionaldiet,caloricrestrictionisusuallyfollowedbyabing

e(放纵),wherethebody’sprimarydrivetomakesureitgetsenoughcaloriesismoreimportantthananydesiresfornutritionormode

ration(自我节制),whichleadstodisorderedeatingpatterns.”（奇怪的是，研究表明，在传统饮食中，热量限制通常会导致暴饮暴食，在这种情况下，身体获得足够热量的主要驱动力比任何对营养或适度的渴望都更重要，这会导致饮食模

式紊乱。）可知，在传统饮食中，热量限制会使得身体对获得足够热量的渴望超过对任何对营养的渴望，最终导致饮食模式紊乱。可推知，对于直觉性饮食而言，其鼓励饮食者拒绝“好”和“坏”食物的想法使得人们误解其可能会使得饮食中的营养缺失，所以

划线词此处的和选项B“disappear”的含义“消失”相一致，故选B。18．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“inKeller’sexperience,aregistereddietitianinCalgary,intuitiveeatingcanhelpwithoverallweightmainte

nance.Inaddition,intuitiveeatersdogainahealthierattitudetowardfood,comparedtotraditionaldieters.”（根据凯勒的经验，他是卡

尔加里的一名注册营养师，直觉性饮食可以帮助维持整体体重。此外，与传统的节食者相比，直觉性饮食者对食物的态度更加健康。）可知，Keller认为直觉性饮食可以帮助维持整体体重，且直觉性饮食者对食物的态度更加健康。由此推知，对于直觉

饮食他是赞同的。故选A。19．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段“Althoughmostdietsvaryaccordingtowhatfoodsyoucaneat,theyallfollowthesameprincipleofrestrictiontoloseweight—youneedt

oeatless.Thenow-trendydietofintuitiveeatingis,inasense,ananti-diet:followersareencouragedtobasewhattheyeatonh

owtheyfeel,notonprescribedlimitsorcaloriecounts.”（虽然大多数饮食根据你可以吃什么食物而有所不同，但它们都遵循同样的减肥限制原则——你需要吃得更少。从某种意义上说，现在流行的直觉饮食是一种反对节食的饮食：鼓励追随者根据自己的感觉来决定吃什么，而

不是根据规定的限制或卡路里计数。）第二段中“You’reencouragedtoalsogiveyourself“permission”toeatallfoods,torejecttheideaof“good”and“bad”foodsan

dtoacceptyournaturalbodyshape.Finally,youhelpmakeyourbodyhealthierbyaddingexercise,findingbetterwaysthanfoodto

relieveyouremotionsandslowlyshiftingtomorenutritiousfoodchoices.”（你也被鼓励给自己吃所有食物的“许可”，拒绝“好”和“坏”食物的想法，并接受你自然的身体形状。最后，通过增加锻炼，找到比食物更好的方法来缓解情绪，慢慢地转向更有营养

的食物选择，你的身体会变得更健康。）最后一段中“intuitiveeatingcanhelpwithoverallweightmaintenance.Inaddition,intuitiveeatersdogain

ahealthierattitudetowardfood,comparedtotraditionaldieters.”（直觉性饮食可以帮助维持整体体重。此外，与传统的节食者相比，直觉性饮食者对食物的态度更加健康。）可知，文章主要提到相对于传统饮食中认为节食可以增加健康，直觉性饮食鼓励饮食者

拒绝“好”和“坏”食物。通过更多的锻炼，进而变得更健康。因而本文主要讲述针对直觉性饮食方法的讨论，所以文章的标题可以为“直觉性饮食是否胜过传统饮食？”，故选A。6.（2023·四川凉山·统考一模）Inthesocialmediaage,te

enagersaresharingmoreinformationaboutthemselvesonsocialmediasitesthaneverbefore.AccordingtoaCommonSenseMediaresearchstudy,morethaneightintenteenag

ershavevisitedasocialnetworkingsitelikeFacebook,andthreeoutfourteenagersnowhaveanaccountonasocialnetworkingsite.However,whilesocialmedi

asitescanimproveteenagers’communicationabilities,expertssaythatsocialnetworkingcouldbeharmfultohealth

yteenageself-esteem.HealtheducatorandmotivationalspeakerScottFriedbeganworkingwithteenagers22yearsago.Herecentlydevelopeda

newlecture,“Broken-HeartednessandIntimacyintheAgeofSocialMedia,”todiscusswithteenagersthedifferencesbe

tweentheirpersonalitiesonlineandtheirtrueselves.“Thedefinitionofgrowingupisbringingtogethermanydifferentpartsofyourpersonality,”Friedsaid.“Asyougro

w,theyturnintoonewholepersonality.Now,youhaveapersonalityatschool,athome,andonline.Thegoalofbeingateenageristobringtogetherallth

esedifferentpartsthatareshownonlineinacompleteway.”Friedusesthephrase“compareanddespair”todescribethebadeffectofsocialmedia/on

teenageself-esteem.youcompareyourselftosomeoneelse,you’reusuallygoingtoendupdespairing.”Friedsaid,“Oneofthe

problemswithsocialmediaisthatwethrowourbestselvesoutthere,orwhatweliketothinkofasourbestself.”PsychologistNadineDeCiordanys

aysthatteenagerswhoalreadyhavelowself-esteemcangeteasilydepressedandgiveotherstheirlowself-esteem.Shethinkssocialmediaiscausin

gmoreandmoredepression.Sheaddsthatparentsshouldeducatetheirchildrenearlyonsocialmedia.“Teenagerscanuseawholelotofresourcesthataffe

ctthewaytheydealwithpeerpressure,”DeGiordaiiysaid,“Asthechildisgrowingup,supervise(监督)whatitisthattheyhaveaccessto.Ther

eisanagethatsocialmediaisappropriateforandthereisanagethatisn’tappropriatefor.”20．Whatdoestheresearchfind?A．Ab

out75%ofteenagershaveaFacebookaccount.B．Teenagersliketoshareopinionswithothersonsocialmedia.C．Socialmediausersge

nerallyhavebettercommunicationskills.D．Over80%ofteenagershaveaccesstoasocialnetworkingsite.21．WhatdoesScottFriedagreewith

?A．Teenagersliketocompetewithothersonsocialmedia.B．Teenagersoftengetridoftheirtrueselvesonsocialmedia.C．Teenagerspresentthesamepersonalit

yindifferentsituations.D．Teenagersliketoshowthegreatestpartsofthemselvesonsocialmedia.22．WhatisDeGiordany’ssuggestiontowardsusingsocialme

dia?A．Socialmediashouldsetaminimumagelimit.B．Teenagersshouldhaverighttoanysocialnetworkingsites.C．Paren

tsshouldmonitorwhatisaccessibletotheirchildren.D．Teenagersshouldbefreetousesocialmediafortheirproblems.23．Whatisthemainideaofthetext

?A．Socialmediahavebadeffectsonteenagers.B．Moreandmoreteenagersusesocialmedia.C．Socialmediapromoteteenagers

’communicationskills.D．Teenagershavebetterdevelopedtheirpersonalitiesonline.【答案】20．D21．D22．C23．A【导语】

本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在社交媒体时代，青少年在社交媒体网站上分享的关于自己的信息比以往任何时候都多，但这些社交媒体会产生一些不良影响。20．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“AccordingtoaCommonSenseMediaresearchstudy,morethaneightin

tenteenagershavevisitedasocialnetworkingsitelikeFacebook,andthreeoutfourteenagersnowhaveanaccountonasocialnetworkingsite(根据一项常识媒体研究，超过80%的青少年访

问过像Facebook这样的社交网站，现在四分之三的青少年在社交网站上有账号)”可知，超过80%的青少年会使用社交媒体。故选D。21．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段“Oneoftheproblemswithsocialmediaistha

twethrowourbestselvesoutthere,orwhatweliketothinkofasourbestself(社交媒体的一个问题是，我们把最好的自己，或者我们喜欢认为的最好的自己，都展示出去了)”可知，Fried认为

青少年喜欢在网络上展示自己最好的一面。故选D。22．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Asthechildisgrowingup,supervise(监督)whatitisthattheyhaveaccessto.(随着孩子的成长，要监督他们能接触到的东西)”可知

，DeGiordany建议父母要监管孩子能接触到的内容。故选C。23．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Inthesocialmediaage,teenagersaresharingmoreinformationaboutthemselvesonsocialmediasitesthaneverbe

fore(在社交媒体时代，青少年在社交媒体网站上分享的关于自己的信息比以往任何时候都多)”以及第三段“However,whilesocialmediasitescanimproveteenagers’communicationabilities,expertssaythat

socialnetworkingcouldbeharmfultohealthyteenageself-esteem(然而，尽管社交媒体网站可以提高青少年的沟通能力，但专家表示，社交网络可能会损害青少年

健康的自尊)”可知，本文主要介绍了青少年越发喜欢社交媒体，但是社交媒体也会对青少年有不良影响。故选A。7.（2023·贵州·统考一模）Themountainbongoantelope,oneoftheworld’smostendangeredanimals,islike

lytocontinueroaminginthewildofKenyaforlongerduetointensifiedeffortstoprotectitfromextinction.Following18yearsofconservationefforts

,staffmembersfromtheMountKenyaWildlifeConservancyreachedamilestonethisyear—thefirstbabymountainbongoborninthewild.Oneoftheworld’smostuniquea

nimals,themountainbongoisthelargest,heaviestandmostcolorfuloftheforestantelopesinAfrica.EndemictoequatorialforestsandonlyfoundinKenya’swild,thiss

pecieshasseenadramaticdeclineinnumbersinthelastfewdecadesfromanestimatedpopulationof25,000tolessthan100,accordingtoarecentwildlife

censusinKenya.Beforethebeginningofthisdeclineinthe1960s,thesecriticallyendangeredanimalsonceroamedfreelyinKenya

’shigh-altitudeforestsoftheAberdares,MountElgonandMountKenya.Itspopulationdeclinewasprimarilyhuman-driven.Toreversethedecline,theMountKenya

WildlifeConservancyhasgearedupeffortsinpartnershipwiththeKenyangovernmenttosavethemountainbongofromextinctionthroug

habreedingandrewindingprogram.RobertAruho,headofMountKenyaWildlifeConservancy,saiditsaimistorestoreKenya

’sheritagespecies.“Aswespeak,themountainbongoantelopehassufferedmassivedeclineandweareleftwithlessthan100ofthespeciesinth

ewild.WhatmakesthisanimalspecialisthatitisonlyfoundinthewildinKenyaanditsdeclineinthisareathereforemeansitsdeclineintheworl

d,”saidAruho,addingthattheanimalisbelievedtobeextinctinmostofitsnaturalhabitats.“Ourprogramhastakentheanimalsthroug

haseriesofadaptationmeasurestoenablethemtoacclimatizetolifeinthewildasopposedtozoos.Thisinvolvedgettingusedtolocalfoodandadaptingt

olocalparasitesanddiseases.Thishasenabledthemtobreedandproduceoffspringthatareindigenoustothisenvironment.”Withthefirstphaseofadaptati

onbeingcomplete,theconservancywillmovetothesecondphasewhichentailsintroducingtheantelopestothewild.24．Whatdoe

stheunderlinedword“roaming”inparagraph1mean?A．Declining.B．Wandering.C．Struggling.D．Decreasing.25．Whatcanbelearnedaboutthemountainbongoantelope?

A．ItcanbeonlyfoundinthewildinKenya.B．Itisuniquetothesubtropicalrainforest.C．Thedeclineofitspopulationwascausedbyclimatechange.D．Itisthela

rgestandmostcolorfuloftheforestantelopesintheworld.26．Whatwillthestaffmembersfromtheprogramprobablydonext?A．Theywillhelpthemountainbongoantelopeget

usedtolocalfood.B．Theywillassistthemountainbongoantelopeinadaptingtothelocaldisease.C．Theywillputthemountainbongoantelopebacktothezo

o.D．TheywillbringthemountainbongoantelopetothewildenvironmentinKenya.27．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．AnEndangeredAnt

elopeB．TheKenyanForestsC．EffortsPayingOffD．HarmonywithNature【答案】24．B25．A26．D27．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是在科学家们的努力下世界上最濒危动物之一山地邦戈羚羊又可以继续在肯尼亚的大草原上悠闲地漫步了。

24．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Themountainbongoantelope,oneoftheworld’smostendangeredanimals,islikelytocontinueroaminginthewildofKenyaforlongerduetointen

sifiedeffortstoprotectitfromextinction.(山地邦戈羚羊是世界上最濒危的动物之一，由于加强了保护其免于灭绝的努力，它可以更长时间的在肯尼亚的大草原上漫步。)”可知，

由于科学家们的努力山地邦戈羚羊的数量正在增加，所以可以推测这种羚羊可以继续生活在草原上，B项Wandering意为“漫步，徜徉”，与roaming意思相近。故选B项。25．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Oneoftheworld’smostuniqueanimals,t

hemountainbongoisthelargest,heaviestandmostcolorfuloftheforestantelopesinAfrica.Endemictoequatorialforestsandonlyfo

undinKenya’swild(作为世界上最独特的动物之一，山地邦戈是非洲最大、最重、色彩最丰富的森林羚羊。赤道森林特有，仅在肯尼亚野外发现。)”可知A项正确，B项不对，D项不对；根据第二段最后一句“Itspopulationdeclin

ewasprimarilyhuman-driven.(它的数量下降主要是人为因素造成的。)”可知羚羊数量下降的基本原因是人类，所以C项不对。故选A项。26．推理判断题。根据本文最后一段“Withthefirstphaseofadaptationbeingcomplete,thecons

ervancywillmovetothesecondphasewhichentailsintroducingtheantelopestothewild.(随着第一阶段适应工作的完成，保护区将进入第二阶段，即将羚羊引入野外。)”可知接下来这个项目的工作人员将把山地邦戈羚羊带到肯尼亚的野生环境中。故选

D项。27．主旨大意题。文章第一段“Themountainbongoantelope,oneoftheworld’smostendangeredanimals,islikelytocontinueroaminginthewildofKenyaforlongerduet

ointensifiedeffortstoprotectitfromextinction.(山地邦戈羚羊是世界上最濒危的动物之一，由于加强了保护其免于灭绝的努力，它可以更长时间的在肯尼亚的大草原上漫步。)”概括全文，指出由于科学家

们的努力，山地邦戈羚羊由恢复了以往的生机，第二段主要讲的是科学家们的努力终于有了回报——迎来了的第一只在野外出生的山地邦戈羚羊宝宝同时对山地邦戈羚羊面临的危险处境进行乐简单介绍；三、四、五和六段讲的是科学家们为保护山地邦戈羚羊所做出

的努力。纵观全文可以看到文章主要在围绕着科学家们的努力终于让山地邦戈羚羊恢复生机来展开。C项EffortsPayingOff概括全文内容，作为文章题目最为合适。故选C项。8.（2023·重庆·统考模拟预测）Let’sfaceit—most

ofuscan’tresistacupofteaorcoffeesometimes.They’reaperfectpick-me-upandcomforter.Buttherearealternativedrinks,sowhyhavewechosentheseasou

rgo-todrinkstosootheourbusylives?Andwhichoneissuperior?Let’sstartwithtea-it’sthesecondmostconsumeddrinkintheworld.Fo

rmany-especiallytheBritish-havinga“cuppa”isadailypractice.Thecaffeinecontainedinithelpswakeyouupinth

emorning,andthroughoutthedaywe’llmakeabrewtodistractusfromourwork.Andaccordingtosomescientists,habitualteaconsumptioncanhavesomehealthbenefits

.AndrewSteptoe,aprofessorfromUniversityCollegeLondon’sDepartmentofEpidemiologyandPublicHealth,toldBBCFoodthatdr

inkingblacktea“mayspeeduprecoveryfromthedailystressesinlife...butwedonotknowwhatingredientsofteawereresponsiblefor

theseeffectsonstressrecoveryandrelaxation”.Coffeeistea’s＂trendier＂rival(对手).Itspopularityhasgrownovertheyears,andthisisreflectedinthe

numberofcoffeeshopsweseearound-placestohangout,dobusinessorcatchupwithfriends.Coffeecantastegreatandcanbeservedinmanyways,butit’ssometimeshowyouhav

eitthatcanbeseenasastatussymbolorthepreserveofhipsters(潮人)IOfcourse,itgivesyouastrongcaffeinehit-roughlydoubleofthatcontainedin

tea.However,toomuchcanleadtoanxiety.SleepscientistMattWalkertoldtheBBCthatcaffeinecandecreasetheamountofrestorativedeepsleepyouha

ve.Butsomescientistssaydrinkingcoffee-andgreentea-canalsobegoodforus.ResearchersatOsakaUniversitylinkeddrinkingadailycupofcof

feewithalowerriskofdeathamongbothstrokesurvivorsandhealthypeople,whiledrinkingsevenormorecupsofgreenteawasassociatedwithalow

erriskofdeathamongbothheartattackandstrokesurvivors.So,whetherweturntocoffeeorteaforitstaste,itsimageorasalifestylechoice,itcouldb

ealifesaver!28．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“soothe“inParagraph1mean?A．Change.B．Relieve.C．Describe.D．Copy-29．ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph

2that____.A．teaisthemostconsumeddrinkintheworldB．thecaffeineinteacancurepeopleofillnessC．teahelpspromoteourcareersandfriendshipD．theingre

dientsofteahelppeopleforgettrouble30．WhichofthefollowingmayMattWalkeragreewith?A．Toomuchcoffeeisnotgoodforsleep.B．Blac

kteaspeedsuprecoveryfromthedailystresses.C．Coffeeissurelymorepopularthantea.D．Drinkingadailycupofcoffeeguaranteesalonglife.31．In

whichsectioncanyoureadthepassageonamagazinewebsite?A．Technology.B．Entertainment.C．Business.D．Health.【答案】28．B29．D30．A31．D【导语

】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了茶和咖啡深受人们喜爱，并简单说明了喝茶或咖啡的好处。28．词句猜测题。根据第一段前两句“Let’sfaceit—mostofuscan’tresistacupofteaorcoffeesometimes.They’rea

perfectpick-me-upandcomforter(让我们认清现实吧——大多数人有时都无法抗拒一杯茶或咖啡。它们是一种完美的鼓舞和安慰)”可知茶和咖啡有提神、安慰的作用，结合划线单词后的“ourbusylives”可知茶和咖啡能缓解我们忙碌的生活，由此可知划线词词义为“缓

解”，故选B项。29．推理判断题。根据第二段“AndrewSteptoe,aprofessorfromUniversityCollegeLondon’sDepartmentofEpidemiologyandPublicHealth,told

BBCFoodthatdrinkingblacktea“mayspeeduprecoveryfromthedailystressesinlife...butwedonotknowwhatingredientsofteawereresponsibleforthes

eeffectsonstressrecoveryandrelaxation”.(伦敦大学学院流行病学和公共卫生学系教授AndrewSteptoe告诉BBC食品频道说，喝红茶“可以加快从日常生活压力中恢复过来……

但我们不知道茶中的哪些成分对压力恢复和放松有这些效果。”)”可知，茶里的某些成分有减轻压力、放松的效果，即让人们暂时忘记让他们烦恼的事情。故选D项。30．细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“However,toomuchcanleadtoanxiety.Sleepsc

ientistMattWalkertoldtheBBCthatcaffeinecandecreasetheamountofrestorativedeepsleepyouhave.(然而，过多会导致焦虑。睡眠科学家Ma

ttWalker告诉BBC，咖啡因会减少让人恢复精力的深度睡眠。)”可知过度地饮用咖啡不利于睡眠。故选A项。31．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“ResearchersatOsakaUniversitylinkeddrinkingadailycupofcof

feewithalowerriskofdeathamongbothstrokesurvivorsandhealthypeople,whiledrinkingsevenormorecupsofgreentea

wasassociatedwithalowerriskofdeathamongbothheartattackandstrokesurvivors.So,whetherweturntocoffeeorteaforitstaste,itsimageorasalifestylechoice,itcoul

dbealifesaver!(大阪大学的研究人员发现，在中风幸存者和健康人群中，每天喝一杯咖啡的死亡风险较低，而在心脏病发作和中风幸存者中，喝七杯或更多绿茶的死亡风险较低。所以，无论我们选择咖啡还是茶是因为它的味道、它的形象或作为一种生活方式的选择，它都可能是我们

的救命稻草！)”可知这篇文章主要告诉读者喝茶或者咖啡对身体有好处。所以这篇文章取自于杂志的“健康”部分。故选D项。9.（2022秋·江西赣州·高三校联考期末）LocalauthoritiesandfirefightersintheUn

itedStatesarealwaysonthelookoutfornewandcreativemethodstohelpcontrolwildfires.Especiallyduringthehotanddrysummermonths,thousandsofwildfir

escausedamagetoforestseveryyear.ThecityofWestSacramentoinNorthCaliforniahasfoundacreativesecretweapontohelpdealwiththisphenomenon:goats.

Thesefriendlyanimalshavebeenassistingthecitywithwildfirepreventionandfirerisksbyeatingweeds,drygrassandd

eadtrees.Whenthegoatseatthethingsthatarelikelytocatchfire,theypreventtheproblemfromhappening.Wildfiresoccurnatur

allywhendryplantsareignited(点燃)bythesun’sheatandcatchonfire.However,mostwildfiresarecausedbyhumancarelessness,includingunattende

dcampfires,cigarettesandotherflammableobjects.Thebeststrategytobattlethefiresandminimizethedamageistoattempttoremovethefu

elthatenablesthespreadoftheflames,inthiscasethedryweeds,treesandplants.Ifthethingsthataremostlikelytocatchfirearegone,thefireislesslikelytospre

ad.Theloveablegoatsareabletoreachdifficultareasthatpeoplearenotabletoaccess.About400ofthesegoatscancleartwoacresperday.Theyevenferti

lize(使肥沃)thearea,anaturalandfreesideeffectofeatingallthosedryplants.Firefightersandgovernmentofficialscannotbehappierwiththeresults.“Forus,thecombina

tionofturningtogoatsforhelpwiththequickfireresponseisaneffectivemethodofkeepingourneighborssafefromdisastrouswildfires,“saidassistantFireC

hiefKhariHelae.”Withclimatechangeandthefactthatourvegetationisbeingaffectedbecauseofclimatechange,it’s

necessarytofocusonourfuelreductionprogram.”32．Howdogoatsassistthecityindealingwithwildfires?A．Byidentifyingthefuelinforests.B．Bycon

sumingdryplants.C．Byleadingfirefighterstofiresources.D．Byeatingupgreentreeleaves.33．Whatcanwesayaboutthenewmethod?A．Itiscomplexbutrewardin

g.B．Itcausesdamagetolocalland.C．Itiswellacceptedworldwide.D．Itisenvironmentally-friendly.34．WhatcanbelearnedfromKhariH

elae’swords?A．Hespokehighlyofthenewmethod.B．Hewasdissatisfiedwithfireresponses.C．Hewasoptimisticaboutclimatech

ange.D．Heconsideredfuelreductionimpractical.35．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．GoatsHelpKeepWildfiresUnderControlB．Firefighter

sAreBeingGraduallyReplacedC．DisastrousWildfiresNeedtoBeControlledD．AnimalsAreFightingAgainstClimateChange【答案】32．B33．D34．A35．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文

。美国的一个城市找到了一个有助于控制野火的秘密武器——山羊。32．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thebeststrategytobattlethefiresandminimizethedamageistoa

ttempttoremovethefuelthatenablesthespreadoftheflames,inthiscasethedryweeds,treesandplants.Ifthethingsthataremostlikelytocatchfir

earegone,thefireislesslikelytospread.(与火灾作斗争并将损失降至最低的最佳策略是试图移除使火焰蔓延的燃料，在这种情况下是干燥的杂草、树木和植物。如果最容易着火的东西都没有了，火势就不太可能蔓延。)”可知，山羊会吃掉可能会

引发火灾的干枯的植物，从而防止野火发生。故选B。33．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Theyevenfertilize(使肥沃)thearea,anaturalandfreesideeffectofeatingallthosedryp

lants.(它们甚至会给该地区施肥，这是食用所有这些干燥植物的自然而免费的副作用。)”可推断，这个方法对环境是有益的。故选D。34．推理判断题。通读最后一段KharHelae所说的话“Forus,thecombinationofturningtogoatsforhelpwiththequ

ickfireresponseisaneffectivemethodofkeepingourneighborssafefromdisastrouswildfires,(对我们来说，向山羊寻求帮助与快速火灾反应相结合，是保

护我们的邻居免受灾难性野火伤害的有效方法，)”可知，KharHeae认为将依靠山羊控制野火和快速应对野火相结合是一个有效的方法，面对气候变化，人类更应该着眼于减少火源。由此可推断，KhanHelae高度赞扬依靠山羊控制野火这一创新的方式。故选A。35．主旨

大意题。通读全文，尤其是文章第一段“ThecityofWestSacramentoinNorthCaliforniahasfoundacreativesecretweapontohelpdealwiththisphenomenon:goats.(北加州西萨克拉门托市发现了一种创造性的秘密武器来

帮助解决这一现象：山羊。)”可知，文章主要介绍了山羊是如何帮助控制野火的。所以“GoatsHelpKeepWildfiresUnderControl(山羊有助于控制野火)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。10.（2022·广东深圳·校考

模拟预测）Theterm“Metaverse”(元宇宙)isthelatestbuzzword(流行语)tocapturethetechindustry’simagination.Itenjoyssuchpopu

laritythatMarkZuckerberg,CEOofFacebook,hasannouncedrecentlythathe’schanginghiscompany’snametoMetaPlatforms

Inc.inordertoengageinthecreativenewtrend.ThismightbethebiggestthingtohappentothemetaversesincethesciencefictionwriterNea

lStephensoninventedthetermforhis1992novelSnowCrash.ButZuckerbergandhisteamarehardlytheonlytechgiantswithideasonhowthemetaverseshouldtakesh

ape.Whatisthemetaverse?Zuckerberghasdescribeditasa“virtualenvironment”youcangoinsideofratherthanjustlookingatonascreen.Essentially,it’saworldofi

nterconnectedvirtualcommunitieswherepeoplecanmeet,workandplay,byusingvirtualrealityglasses,smartphoneorotherdevices.Themetaverse

alsocouldbeagame-changerforthework-from-homeshiftduringtheCOVID-19.Insteadofonlyseeingco-workersonavideocall,employeescouldeve

njointheminavirtualoffice.However,Zuckerberg’ssupportforthemetaversecontradictsacentralbeliefofitsbiggestenthusiasts.Theyregardthemetaversea

sonlineculture’sliberationfromtechplatformslikeFacebookthatnotonlytakecontrolofpeople’saccounts,photosandposts,butalsotradeoffwhatt

heycollectedfromthatdata.“WewanttobeabletomovearoundtheInternetwithease,butwealsowanttobeabletomovearoundtheInternetinawaywe’renottrackedandm

onitored,”saidSteveJang,whofocusesoncrypto-currency(数字货币)technology.WhenitcomestoFacebooktryingtoleadthewayintoavir

tualworld,thereisagrowingconcernamongsomepeoplethatitcouldrequireevenmorepersonaldataandcausegreaterrisksforinformationabusewhenthecompanyh

asn’tfixedthoseproblemsinitscurrentplatforms.36．WhyisZuckerbergchangingthenameofhiscompany?A．Becausehelikestofoun

dthemetaverse.B．Becauseheintendstogetinvolvedinthemetaverse.C．Becausehewantstodrawpublicattention.D．Be

causeheplanstoquithispresentbusiness.37．WhatcanpeopledointheMetaverse?A．Doeverythingintherealworld.B．Havemeetingsinthevirtualoffice.C．Defeatthep

andemic.D．Seeco-workersinperson.38．WhatcanbeinferredaboutthecentralbeliefofMetaversefans?A．Themetaverseshouldbetracked

bytechplatforms.B．Techplatformsshouldpossessandtradeusers’data.C．Crypto-currencytechnologyshouldbemonitored.D．Usersshouldhave

controlovertheirowndata.39．Whatissomepeople’sattitudetowardsFacebook’sattempttoguidethemetaverse?A．Optimistic.B．Neutral.C．Worried.D．Pessimistic.

【答案】36．B37．B38．D39．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了什么是元宇宙以及元宇宙存在的个人数据安全隐患。36．细节理解题。根据第一段“ItenjoyssuchpopularitythatMarkZucke

rberg,CEOofFacebook,hasannouncedrecentlythathe’schanginghiscompany’snametoMetaPlatformsInc.inorderto

engageinthecreativenewtrend.(它如此受欢迎，以至于Facebook的首席执行官马克·扎克伯格最近宣布，他将把公司的名字改为元平台公司，以参与这一创造性的新趋势。)”可知，扎

克伯格将公司改名为元平台公司，因为他打算参与元宇宙。故选B。37．推理判断题。根据第三段“Zuckerberghasdescribeditasa“virtualenvironment”youcangoinsideofratherthanjustlookingatonasc

reen.Essentially,it’saworldofinterconnectedvirtualcommunitieswherepeoplecanmeet,workandplay,byusingvirtualrealityglasses,smartphoneorotherde

vices.Themetaversealsocouldbeagame-changerforthework-from-homeshiftduringtheCOVID-19.Insteadofonlyse

eingco-workersonavideocall,employeescouldevenjointheminavirtualoffice.(扎克伯格将其描述为一个“虚拟环境”，你可以进入其中，而不仅仅是在屏幕上观看。从本质上讲，这是一个相互连接的虚拟社区世界，人们可以通过虚拟现实

眼镜、智能手机或其他设备在这里见面、工作和娱乐。元宇宙也可能成为COVID-19期间在家工作的游戏规则改变者。员工们不仅可以通过视频电话与同事们见面，还可以在虚拟办公室中与他们会面。)”可推断，在元宇宙，人们可以在

虚拟办公室开会。故选B。38．推理判断题。根据第四段“However,Zuckerberg’ssupportforthemetaversecontradictsacentralbeliefofitsbiggestenthusias

ts.Theyregardthemetaverseasonlineculture’sliberationfromtechplatformslikeFacebookthatnotonlytakecontrolofpeople’saccounts,photosandposts,buta

lsotradeoffwhattheycollectedfromthatdata.“WewanttobeabletomovearoundtheInternetwithease,butwealsowanttob

eabletomovearoundtheInternetinawaywe’renottrackedandmonitored,”saidSteveJang,whofocusesoncrypto-curre

ncy(数字货币)technology.(然而，扎克伯格对元宇宙的支持与它最大的狂热者的核心信念相矛盾。他们认为元宇宙是网络文化从Facebook等科技平台中解放出来的产物，这些平台不仅控制着人们的账户、照片和

帖子，还会对他们从这些数据中收集到的信息进行交易。“我们希望能够轻松地在互联网上移动，但我们也希望能够以一种不被跟踪和监控的方式在互联网上移动，”专注于加密货币技术的史蒂夫·张说。)”可推断，用户应该对自己的数据有控制

权。故选D。39．推理判断题。根据最后一段“WhenitcomestoFacebooktryingtoleadthewayintoavirtualworld,thereisagrowingconcernamongsomepeoplethatitcouldrequireevenm

orepersonaldataandcausegreaterrisksforinformationabusewhenthecompanyhasn’tfixedthoseproblemsinitscurrentplatforms.(当谈到Facebook试图引领人们进入虚拟世

界时，一些人越来越担心，在该公司尚未在现有平台上解决这些问题的情况下，它可能需要更多的个人数据，并造成更大的信息滥用风险。)”可推断，对于Facebook试图引导元世界，一些人持担心的态度。故选C。