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练习1单句语法填空＋阅读理解授课提示：对应学生用书1页Ⅰ.单句语法填空(冠词)1．[2024·江苏连云港联考]Itissaidthatfirewallsplay________criticalroleinkeepingcompaniesandpeoplesafe.答案与解析：a句意

为：据说防火墙在保护公司和人们的安全方面发挥着关键作用。playa(n)...role为固定短语，意为“起……的作用”，且critical的发音以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。2．[2024·云南昆明统测]Aminiatureblackhorsewith________whitenoseran

intoaroominNashville'sMonroeCarell,Jr.Children'sHospital.答案与解析：a句意为：在纳什维尔的小门罗·卡雷尔儿童医院里，一匹长着白鼻子的小黑马跑进了病房。根据常识和设空后的单数可数名词nose可知

，此处指一个鼻子，应用不定冠词；且white的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。3．[2024·福建泉州质检]Thatway,childrencangain________betterunderstandingoftheirlocalfeaturesandcustomsduringthep

rocessofacceleratedurbanizationthatisreshapingthecity'slandscape.答案与解析：a句意为：这样，孩子们就可以在重塑城市景观的加速的城市化进程中更好

地了解他们当地的特色和习俗。固定短语haveabetterunderstandingofsth.意为“对某物有一个更好的了解”，故填a。4．Montreal,________portcityintheprovinceofQuebec,isthesecondlar

gestcityinCanada.答案与解析：a蒙特利尔是魁北克省的一个港口城市，是加拿大第二大城市。此处aportcity是Montreal的同位语，表泛指，故填a。5．Itmeanswemakesacrifice

snow,butin________longrunit'llsaveusalotofmoney.答案与解析：theinthelongrun“从长远来看”，是固定搭配，故填the。6．Hereis________ver

ypersonwearelookingfor,onewith________goodknowledgeofGerman.答案与解析：the;a这正是我们要找的那个人，一个对德语知识掌握得很好的人。person被very和定语从句修饰，故第一空应用定冠词the，表特指

；knowledge意为“知识”，一般用作不可数名词，但当指“某一门知识，某一门学问”时，抽象名词具体化，用作可数名词，故第二空用不定冠词a。7．Itissuch________greatpleasureformetogivea

speechonthenatureofhumanbeingsbefore________wholeclass.答案与解析：a;the第一空，pleasure本为不可数名词，此处是抽象名词具体化，表示“令人高兴的一件事”，故用不定冠词表泛指；第二空，w

hole常与the搭配，故用定冠词。8．WiththepopularityoftheInternet,thepowerofnewspapersseemstobeon________decrease.答案与解析：theon

theincrease/decrease是固定搭配，表示“增长/减少”，故用定冠词the。9．Ifyouwanttoimproveyourworkingefficiency,itwillbe________necessityforyoutomake

________mostofyourtime.答案与解析：a;the第一空，此处表示“一种必需品”，因此necessity前加a；第二空，makethemostof表示“充分利用”，为固定搭配。10．________cakeyouboughtsmellssweet,butIdon'twant

tohaveabiteofitfor________timebeing.答案与解析：The;the你买的蛋糕闻起来很香，但我暂时不想吃。第一空，cake被定语从句youbought所修饰，因此其前加定冠词the表特指。第二空，forthetimebeing“暂时”，为固定用法。Ⅱ.阅读理

解A2024·新课标Ⅰ卷，A应用文206词★★☆☆☆HABITATRESTORATIONTEAMHelprestoreandprotectMarin'snaturalareasfromtheMarinHeadlandstoBolinasRidge.We'llexp

lorebeautifulparksiteswhileconductinginvasive(侵入的)plantremoval,winterplanting,andseedcollection.HabitatRestorat

ionTeamvolunteersplayavitalroleinrestoringsensitiveresourcesandprotectingendangeredspeciesacrosstheridgesandvalleys.GROUPSGroupsoffiveormor

erequirespecialarrangementsandmustbeconfirmedinadvance.PleasereviewtheListofAvailableProjectsandfillouttheG

roupProjectRequestForm.AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRINGVolunteersaged10andoverarewelcome.ReadourYouthPolicyGuidelinesforyouthundertheageof15.Bringyourcom

pletedVolunteerAgreementForm.Volunteersundertheageof18musthavetheparent/guardianapprovalsectionsigned.We'llbeworki

ngrainorshine.Wearclothesthatcangetdirty.Bringlayersforchangingweatherandaraincoatifnecessary.Bringapersonalwaterbottle,sunscreen,andlunch

.Noexperiencenecessary.Trainingandtoolswillbeprovided.Fulfills(满足)communityservicerequirements.UPCOMINGEVENTS

TimeMeetingLocationSunday,Jan.1510：00am—1：00pmBatteryAlexanderTrailheadSunday,Jan.2210：00am—2：30pmStinsonBeachParkingLotSunday,Jan.299：30am—2：30pmCoy

oteRidgeTrailhead语篇类型：应用文主题语境：人与社会——公益事业与志愿服务——生物栖息地修复工作队志愿者招募【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了HabitatRestorationTeam这一组织，以及其开展的一系列活动。1．WhatistheaimoftheHabitatRestor

ationTeam?A.Todiscovermineralresources.B.Todevelopnewwildlifeparks.C.Toprotectthelocalecosystem.D.Toconductbiologicalresearch.答案与解析：C理解具体信息。根据第一段中的“

HelprestoreandprotectMarin'snaturalareas”和“HabitatRestorationTeamvolunteersplayavitalroleinrestoringsensitiveresource

sandprotectingendangeredspecies”可知，生物栖息地修复工作队恢复和保护自然区域，在恢复敏感资源和保护濒危物种方面起到极其重要的作用。由此可见，生物栖息地修复工作队的目标是保护当地的生态系统，故选C。2．Whatisthelowera

gelimitforjoiningtheHabitatRestorationTeam?A．5.B．10.C.15.D．18.答案与解析：B理解具体信息。根据AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRING部分中的“V

olunteersaged10andoverarewelcome”可知，加入生物栖息地修复工作队的最低年龄是10岁，故选B。3．Whatarethevolunteersexpectedtodo?A.Bringtheirowntools.B.Workev

eninbadweather.C.Wearateamuniform.D.Doatleastthreeprojects.答案与解析：B理解具体信息。根据AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRING部分中的“We'llbeworkingrainorshine...Bringlayers

forchangingweatherandaraincoatifnecessary”可知，无论天气好坏，志愿者都会工作。由此可见，志愿者甚至会在恶劣天气下工作，故选B。B2024·九省联考说明文320词

★★☆☆☆Parrotsarepreyanimals,whichmeansthatotherpredators(捕食者)inthewild,suchashawksorsnakes,arelookingtomakethemintoameal.Thi

sonefactorinfluencesparrots'behaviorinyourhousemorethananyother.Parrotsaremosteasilyhurtwhenfeedingontheground

.Membershipinagroupplaysanimportantfunctioninensuringtheirsafetyandimprovingtheirchancesofsurvivalfromattacksbypredators.Themostcommonpredatorsofpar

rotsincludehawks,snakes,cats,monkeys,andbats.Somepredatorsmakeattacksonlyduringthedaywhileothershunti

nthenight.Aspreyanimals,parrotsareconstantlywatchingoutfordangerandtheyinstinctively(本能地)reacttorisk

s.Theirfirstchoiceistotakeflight.However,ifthisisnotpossible,theywillfightwiththeirpowerfulbeakstodefendthemselves.Becausetheirbiggestenemyisthehawk,

parrotsareespeciallyreactivetoquickmovementsfromaboveandbehind.Forthisreason,itiswisetoavoidquick,suddenmovementsnearyourbird.Thisi

sabuilt­inreactionnotsubjecttologicorreason.Simpleandrelativelyharmlesshouseholdobjectscandrawextremefea

rresponsesfromabird.Forexample,aballoonmayrepresentahawkoravacuumhose(吸尘器软管)maybethesameasasnakeinyourb

ird'smind.Aspreyanimals,parrotsareoftenfrightenedbyexposuretonewhouseholditemsorstrangers.Itisimportanttoexposeyourbirdtosafeexper

iencesandchangesstartingataveryyoungagetobuildflexibilityandimprovetheiradaptability.Varietyindietandtoys,travel,andexposuretonewpeopl

eandplacesallhelptomakeyourbirdmoreflexibleandadaptabletochange.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了鹦鹉作为被捕食动物的行为特性和生

存策略。4．Whatisimportantforparrotstobettersurvivefromattacksinthewild?A．Livinginagroup.B．Growingbeautifulfeathers.C．Feedingont

heground.D．Avoidingcomingoutatnight.答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第二段“Membershipinagroupplaysanimportantfunctioninensuringtheirsafetyandimprov

ingtheirchancesofsurvivalfromattacksbypredators.(群体中的成员在确保其安全和提高其从捕食者袭击中幸存下来的机会方面起着重要作用。)”可知，鹦鹉要想更好地在野外躲避攻击，重要的是要进行集体生活，故选A项。5．Whatisparrots'firstre

sponsetoanimmediaterisk?A．Toattackback.B．Togetaway.C．Toprotecttheyoung.D．Toplaydead.答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据第三段“Aspreyanimals,parrotsareconstantlywatchin

goutfordangerandtheyinstinctively(本能地)reacttorisks.Theirfirstchoiceistotakeflight.(作为猎物，鹦鹉会时刻警惕危险，并本能地对风险做出反应。它们的第一反应是飞走。)”可知，鹦鹉对直接风险的第

一反应是逃跑，故选B项。6．Whywouldaballoonfrightenaparrot?A．Itmayexplodesuddenly.B．Itmaybeinastrangeshape.C．Itmayhaveastrongcolor.D．Itmaymovearoundquickly

.答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Becausetheirbiggestenemyisthehawk,parrotsareespeciallyreactivetoquickmovementsfromaboveandbehind.(因为它们最大的

敌人是鹰，鹦鹉对来自上方和后方的快速移动特别敏感。)”和下文“Thisisabuilt­inreactionnotsubjecttologicorreason.Simpleandrelativelyharmlesshouseholdobjectscandrawextremef

earresponsesfromabird.Forexample,aballoonmayrepresentahawkoravacuumhose(吸尘器软管)maybethesameasasnakeinyourbird'smind.(这是一种不受逻辑或理性约束的内在反应。简单且相对无害的家居用品会引

起鸟类的极度恐惧反应。例如，在你的鸟心目中，气球可能代表鹰，或者吸尘器软管可能被视为蛇。)”可知，气球能够吓到鹦鹉是因为气球可能移动速度快，让鹦鹉联想到鹰，故选D项。7．Whatistheauthor's

purposeofwritingthetext?A．Toexplainwildparrots'behavior.B．Togiveadviceonraisingaparrot.C．Tocallforactiontoprotectanimals.D．Tointrodu

ceastudyonbirdecology.答案与解析：B推理判断题。根据第一段“Parrotsarepreyanimals,whichmeansthatotherpredators(捕食者)inthewild,suchasha

wksorsnakes,arelookingtomakethemintoameal.Thisonefactorinfluencesparrots'behaviorinyourhousemorethananyother.(鹦鹉是猎物，这意味着在野外的其他捕食

者，如鹰或蛇，正在寻找将它们作为食物。这一个因素比任何其他因素都更能影响鹦鹉在家里的行为。)”、倒数第二段“Simpleandrelativelyharmlesshouseholdobjectscandrawextremefearresponsesfromabird.Forex

ample,aballoonmayrepresentahawkoravacuumhose(吸尘器软管)maybethesameasasnakeinyourbird'smind.(简单且相对无害的家居用品会引起鸟类的极度恐惧反应。例如，在你的鸟心目中，气球可能代表鹰，或者

吸尘器软管可能被视为蛇。)”以及最后一段“Aspreyanimals,parrotsareoftenfrightenedbyexposuretonewhouseholditemsorstrangers.Itisimporta

nttoexposeyourbirdtosafeexperiencesandchangesstartingataveryyoungagetobuildflexibilityandimprovetheiradaptability.Varietyindiet

andtoys,travel,andexposuretonewpeopleandplacesallhelptomakeyourbirdmoreflexibleandadaptabletochange.(作为猎物，鹦鹉经常被新的家庭用品或陌生人吓到。从很小的时候就开始让你的鸟接

触安全的体验和变化，以构建灵活应对性并提高它们的适应性，这一点很重要。饮食和玩具的多样性、旅行以及接触新的人和地方都有助于让你的鸟更灵活，更适应变化。)”可知，本文的写作目的是对饲养鹦鹉提建议，故选B项。黄金考点语法填空——冠词考点1

冠词表示特指考例Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover________past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.点拨overthepast25years在此处表示特指“在过去的25年里”，表

示特指用定冠词the。考点2冠词表示泛指考例Instead,sheisearning￡6，500adayas________modelinNewYork.点拨表示职业的单数可数名词前通常加不定冠词。此处表示一个泛指的“模特”，故用不定冠词a。