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华东师范大学附属天山学校2021学年第二学期高一英语期中质量评估I.ListeningComprehension(20%)SectionAShortConversationsDirections:InSectionA,youwillhearsixs

hortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbes

pokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebesta

nswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Mr.Green.B.Mr.Lee.C.Mr.Smith.D.Mr.Wang.2.A.15dollars.B.10dollars.C.20dolla

rs.D.5dollars.3.A.Angry.B.Casual.C.Depressed.D.Satisfied.4.A.Toworkasatakeoutfooddeliveryman.B.Toopenhisownrestaurant.C.Tobuyadishwasher.D.Tocha

ngeajob.5.A.Hehopestofindanewdancepartner.B.Hethinksthewomanjustneedsmorepractice.C.Heneedstoimprovehisdancemovements.D.Heb

elievesthewomanwillbeasuperstar.6.A.There’snoneedtobuydesignerclothing.B.It'seasyforpeopletofollowthetrend.C.Youngpeopleareoftenchangeable.D

.Youngstersareoftenquick-minded.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillhearoneshortpassageandonelongerc

onversation,andyouwillbeaskedthreequestionsoneachofthepassageandtheconversation.Thepassageandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequest

ionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhav

eheard.Questions7through9arebasedonthefollowingpassage.7.A.Peoplefindithardtodistinguishdifferentcolorsofrubbishcans.B.Peoplearen

otwillingtospendtimeseparatingrubbish.C.Peopledon’tknowenoughabouthowtorecycle.D.Peoplearereluctanttoparticipateinvoluntaryprograms.8.A.Pink.B.Green

.C.Purple.D.White.9.A.Toillustratetheprocessofrecycling.B.Topublicizenewwaysofrecyclingthings.C.Toappealtovoluntee

rstojoinrecyclingprograms.D.Toanalyzewhymostrecyclingprogramsdon’twork.Questions10through13arebasedonthefollowingconversat

ion.10.A.Theyareinformative.B.Theyareinteresting.C.Theyaredull.D.Theyaremeaningless.11.A.Shereadsthenoteloud.B.Shedrinksseveralcupsofcoffee.C.Sh

einteractswithMr.Brownalot.D.Shewritesdownsomethinganddrawsline.12.A.Noteswillbepointlessunlessreviewed.B.Takingnotescankeepo

ne’smindactive.C.Learningfromothers’notesisofgreathelp.D.Readingnotesoutaloudworkswellforeveryone.13.A.Inordertomemorizewhatsheislearni

ng.B.Inordertodemonstrateherdiligence.C.Inordertopracticeherreadingskills.D.Inordertotestvariouswaystomemorizei

nformation.II.GrammarandVocabulary(22%)SectionA(A)Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithoneproperwordortheproperformof

thegivenwordtomakethepassagecoherent.Makesurethatyouranswersaregrammaticallycorrect.Writeyouranswersontheansw

ersheet.ThebehaviorofgoodlanguagelearnersAlotofpeoplethinkthattheyarenotgoodatlearninganewlanguage.However,expertssaythatwecanalllearnfromthebehavi

orofgoodlanguagelearnerstobecome____1____(good)atlanguages.Goodlanguagelearnerslookforchancestohearandusethenewlanguageoutsideofthe

classroomonadailybasisandconsequentlylearnthelanguagemorequickly.Iftheyarestudyinginacountry____2____thelanguageisspoken,thisiseasytodo.However

,iftheyarestudyinginacountryinwhichthelanguageisnotspoken,therearestillwaystopracticeoutsideofclass.They

mightreadnewspapersandmagazinesinthatlanguageandwatchmovies.Allofthesearegreatopportunitiestopracticeandcanalsobefun.Inaddition,goodlanguagele

arnerstrydifferentwaystomaketheirmessageunderstood.Forexample,____3____(notknow)thewordforlaundromat,theymigh

tsay,‘theplacewhereyoucanwashclothes.’oreventrydrawingalaundromatwithwashersanddryers,oracting.Thepointisthatgoodlanguagelearnersarecreativeanddo

noteasilygiveup.____4____thisattitude,theylearnmorethanthosewhogetfrustrated.Finally,goodlanguagelearners

arepreparedtotakerisks.Theyunderstandthatmakingmistakesisnaturalandnecessaryinlanguagelearning.Asaresult,insteadofbeingembarras

sedbyamistakeorgettingfrustratedwhentheydonotunderstand,theyviewthose____5____learningopportunities.Forexample,iftheydonotunderstandtheverysente

ncethatsomeonesaidthefirsttime,theyarenotafraidtoaskthemtosayitagainandagain____6____theydounderstand.【1~6题答案】【答案】1.better2.where3.notkn

owing4.Dueto5.as6.until【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。专家表示，我们都可以从优秀语言学习者的行为中学习，从而在语言方面变得更好。好的语言学习者每天都在课堂之外寻找机会去听和使用新的语言，因此学习语言更快。【1题详解】考查比较级。句意：然而，专家表示，我们都可以从优秀

语言学习者的行为中学习，从而在语言方面变得更好。结合句意表示“在语言方面变得更好”应用good的比较级形式。故填better。【2题详解】考查定语从句。句意：如果他们在说这种语言的国家学习，这很容易做到。此处为定语从句修饰先行词country，先行

词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。故填where。【3题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，不知道洗衣店这个词，他们可能会说“可以洗衣服的地方”，甚至尝试画一个有洗衣机和烘干机的洗衣店，或者比划出来。分析句子结构可知know在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语

they构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，表示否定在前面加not。故填notknowing。【4题详解】考查固定短语。句意：由于这种态度，他们比那些沮丧的人学到更多。结合句意表示“因为”短语为dueto，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Dueto。【5题详解】考查介词。句意：

因此，他们不会因为一个错误而感到尴尬或当他们不理解时感到沮丧，而是把这些视为学习的机会。结合句意表示“把……视为……”短语为view…as…。故填as。【6题详解】考查状语从句。句意：例如，如果他们不理解别人第一次说的句子，他们会毫不畏惧地让别人一遍

又一遍地说，直到他们理解为止。结合句意表示“直到……”应用until引导时间状语从句。故填until。(B)Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithoneproperwordortheproperformofthe

givenwordtomakethepassagecoherent.Makesurethatyouranswersaregrammaticallycorrect.Writeyouranswersontheanswersheet.Stress:GoodorBad?St

ressusedtobeanalmostunknownword,butnowthatweareusedtotalkingaboutit,Ihavefoundthatpeoplearebeginningtogetstressedaboutbeingstressed.

Inrecentyears,stress____7____(regard)asacauseofawholerangeofmedicalproblems,fromhighbloodpressuretomentalillness

.Butlikesomanyotherthings,itisonlytoomuchstress____8____doesyouharm.Itistimeyouconsideredthatiftherewerenostressinyourlife

,youwouldachievealittle.Uptoacertainpoint,themorestressyouareunder,thebetteryourperformancewillbe.Beyondacertai

npoint,though,furtherstresswillonlyleadtoexhaustion,illnessandfinallyabreakdown.Youcantellwhenyouareoverthetop

byaskingyourself____9____numberofquestions.Doyou,forinstance,feelthattoomuchisbeingexpectedofyou,andyetfinditimpos

sibletosayno?Doyoufindyourselfgettingimpatientor____10____(annoy)withpeopleoverunimportantthings?...Iftheanswertoallthosequestionsisyes,youhadb

ettercontrolyourstress,asyouprobablyareundermorestressthanisgoodforyou.Tosomeextent,youcancontroltheamoun

tofstressinyourlife.Doctorshaveworkedoutachart____11____(show)howmuchstressisinvolvedinvariousevents.

Gettingmarriedis50,pregnancy40,movinghouse20,Christmas12,etc.Ifthetotalstressinyourlifeisover150,youaretwiceaslikely____12____(get)ill.【7~12

题答案】【答案】7.hasbeenregarded8.that9.a10.annoyed11.showing12toget【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要就“压力好坏与否”展开了讨论，认为一定范围之内的压力有利于我们的工作，但压力一旦过大，就会给我们的生活带来负面的影响。文章

还告诉我们可以将生活中的压力控制在一定范围内。【7题详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：近年来，从高血压到精神疾病，压力已被视为一系列医学问题的一大原因。根据本句的时间状语Inrecentyears，此处需用现在完成时。stress为“压力”之意时是不可数名词，动词要用第三人称单数，

又stress和regard之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态。故填hasbeenregarded。【8题详解】考查强调句。句意：但是，像许多其他事情一样，压力过大才会对你有害。本句是强调句，强调句型的构成为：Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分

。本句中onlytoomuchstress是被强调部分，所以引导词用that。故填that。【9题详解】考查冠词。句意：你可以问自己一些问题来判断自己什么时候压力值超过了上限。短语anumberof意为“一些，许多”，通常作定语修饰可数名词复数形式，结合文意，本句中使用

anumberof修饰可数名词复数questions。故填a。【10题详解】考查形容词。句意：你是否发现自己会因为一些无关紧要的事情而对别人失去耐心或生气？本句的or连接两个形容词，其中一个为impatient，另一个为设空处，一并充当系动词get的表

语。又根据此处逻辑主语是yourself，所以，需填annoyed，表示“恼怒的”。故填annoyed。【11题详解】考查非谓语。句意：医生们制作了一张图表，上面显示了各种事件对应的压力大小。本句谓语是haveworkedout，和动词show之间没

有连词，所以show要用非谓语形式。show的逻辑主语是chart，而chart和show之.间是主动关系，所以此处要用现在分词。故填showing。【12题详解】考查不定式。句意：如果你生活中的总压力超过150

，那么你生病的可能性会增加一倍。belikelytodosth.为固定搭配，意为“可能做某事”，由此设空处需填toget。故填toget。SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyus

ingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.targeted.B.questionsC.abnormallyD.concernedE.reducesF.o

utletG.intakeH.correctlyIcontraryJ.recommendedK.moderationLow-saltdietsareactuallyharmfultoourbodies,arecentstudyfound.These

dietsmayactuallyincreasetheriskofdevelopingheartdisease,orevencausedeath.Thesefindings,saysWebMD,apublichealthwebsite,are____13____

tothepopularwisdomthathaslongsaidlow-saltdietsarehealthy.Thescientists,ledbyAndrewMenteofMcMasterUniversity,wantedtofindoutiftherelationshipbe

tweensalt,strokesandheartdiseaseisdifferentforthosewhohavehighbloodpressure.Theyfoundthatwhetheronehashighbloodpressureornot,lows

odium____14____increasedtheriskofstroke,heartattackanddeath.Thestudygoesontosuggestthatonlycertainpeopleshouldbe____15____aboutreducingsodiumintheir

diets.“Thefindingsemphasizetheimportanceofreducingsaltintakeamongpeoplewithhypertensionandwhoeatfoodwi

thhighlevelsofsodium,”Mentesaid.McMasterUniversity’sMartinO’Donnellsaid,“Thisstudyaddstoourunderstandingoftherelation

shipbetweensaltintakeandhealth.Thestudyalso____16____thecorrectnessofpresentguidelinesthatrecommendlowsaltintakeforeveryone.”Henoted,“Anappr

oachthatrecommendssaltin____17____,particularlyfocusedonthosewithhypertension,appearsmorein-linewithcurre

ntevidence.”Menteaddedthatthecurrentgeneralrecommendationsrelatingtothemaximumhealthysaltintakeseemstoolow,especiallysincetheydonotconsidera

nindividual’sbloodpressure.Lowsodiumintakereducesbloodpressuremodestly,comparedtoaverageintake,butlowsodiumintakealsohasothereff

ects.“Oneofthoseeffectsincludesharmfulelevationofparticularhormones—andthis____18____manybenefits.Themainissueisnotwhetherverylowsodiumi

ntakelowersbloodpressure,butwhetheritresultsinimprovedhealth,”Mentesaid.Ingeneral,healthexpertsconsiderahighlevelofsodiumconsumptiontobeover6gramsd

aily.Mentepointedoutthatthisindicatesthatmanypeoplearoundtheworldaretakinginhealthyamountsofsalt.Healsosaidthateffortsshouldb

e____19____atreducingsaltintakeamongthepeoplewhoaremostlikelytogethypertensionandwhotakeinhighamountsofsalt.Mentedoesnotagreewiththecurre

ntstrategyofreducingsodiumintakeinalmostallcountries.However,hewouldaccepteffortstoreducesaltintakeinsomeareas,suchasChinaorCentralAsia,wher

etheaveragesaltconsumptionis____20____high.InKenya,theMinistryofPublicHealthandSanitationrecommendsgeneralreductionofsaltintaket

olevelsbelow5gramsas____21____bytheWorldHealthOrganization.Lessthan5%ofpeopleintheworldconsumesuchlowlev

elsofsodium.TheWebMDreportsaysElliottAntman,pastpresidentoftheAmericanHeartAssociation(AHA)criticizedMente’sstudy.Antman

saysthestudydoesnot_____22_____measuresodiumintake,anditshouldnotmakeAmericansstopworryingaboutsalt.TheAmeric

anHeartAssociationcontinuestorecommendlessthan1.5gramsofsodiumperdayfromallsources,hesaid.【13~22题答案】【答案】13.I14.G15.D16.

B17.K18.E19.A20.C21.J22.H【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了最近的一项研究发现，低盐饮食实际上对我们的身体有害。这些饮食实际上可能会增加患心脏病的风险，甚至导致死亡。这些发现与长期以

来认为低盐饮食有益健康的流行观点相反。【13题详解】考查形容词。句意：公共健康网站WebMD说，这些发现与长期以来认为低盐饮食有益健康的流行观点相反。根据后文“tothepopularwisdomthathaslongsaidlow-saltdietsarehe

althy”以及句意“相反”可知应填形容词contrary，作表语。故填contrary。故选I。【14题详解】考查名词。句意：他们发现，无论一个人是否有高血压，低钠摄入量都会增加中风、心脏病发作和死亡的风险。根据上文“lowsodium”以及句意“摄

入”可知应填名词intake作主语。故填intake。故选G。【15题详解】考查形容词。句意：该研究还表明，只有某些人应该关注减少饮食中的钠含量。根据后文“aboutreducingsodiumintheirdiets”以及句意“关注”可知应填形容词concerned，

作表语。故填concerned，beconcernedabout“关心；关注”。故选D。【16题详解】考查动词。句意：该研究还质疑了目前建议每个人都低盐摄入的指南的正确性。根据后文“thecorrect

nessofpresentguidelinesthatrecommendlowsaltintakeforeveryone”以及句意“质疑”可知应填动词question，此处为一般现在时，主语为study，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填questions。故选B。【17题详解】考查名词。句意：

他指出，“建议适度食用盐的方法，特别是针对高血压患者的方法，似乎更符合目前的证据。”根据上文“Anapproachthatrecommendssaltin”以及句意“适度”可知应填名词moderation，作宾语。故填mode

ration。故选K。【18题详解】考查动词。句意：其中一种影响包括某些激素的有害升高——而这降低了许多益处。根据后文“manybenefits”以及句意“降低”可知应填动词reduce，此处为一般现在时，主语为this，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填reduc

es。故选E。【19题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他还说，应该努力减少最容易患高血压和盐摄入量高的人群的盐摄入量。根据上文“effortsshouldbe”以及语境“针对”可知应填动词target，与主语构成被动关系，用被动语态，故填targeted。故选A。【20题详解】考查副词。句意：然而

，在一些地区，如中国或中亚，他会接受减少盐摄入量的努力，这些地区的平均盐摄入量异常高。修饰后文形容词high，结合句意表示“反常地”应用副词abnormally。故填abnormally。故选C。【21题详解】考查动词。句意：在肯尼亚，公共卫生和卫生部建议将盐的摄入量一般减少到世界卫生组织建

议的5克以下。根据上文“levelsbelow5gramsas”以及句意“建议”可知应填过去分词recommended，表示被动。故填recommended。故选J。【22题详解】考查副词。句意：安特曼说，这项研究没有正

确测量钠的摄入量，它不应该让美国人停止担心盐。根据后文“measuresodiumintake”以及句意“正确地”可知应填副词correctly，作状语。故填correctly。故选H。III.ReadingCompr

ehension(45%)SectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,

CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Inanybusinesssituation,therecomesatimetotakeaction.Ifyouarenotofficiallyin

amanagement____23____ofyourorganization,itwouldbemucheasiertowaitforyourbosstonotonlymakethedecisionbuttotakeresponsi

bilityforitaswell.However,today’sorganizationscannot____24____toemployworkerswhosimplywaittobetoldwhattodo.Ifyourbu

sinessistothriveinthecomingyears,itneedsworkerswhoare____25____notonlytotakechancesandtomakedecisionsbutalsototakeactionsandres

ponsibilityfortheiractions.Fortunately,mostmanagers____26____suchinitiative,andtheyareincreasinglywillingtogivetheir____27_

___moreresponsibilityintheirjobs.We’reallresponsibleforourownactions.Thisfundamentalbeliefisthe____28____forallindividualswhotakeinitiati

veand____29____oftheirlives.Youcanbea____30____ofyourcircumstances—complaining,feelingsorryforyourself,and

believingthatlifeis____31____—oryoucanriseabovethenegative_____32_____ofthecurrentcircumstances,beaccountableforyouraction,andfocusonw

hatcanbedonetoimproveorcorrectthesituation.Completetasksintimelyfashion.Don’t_____33_____onotherstoremindyouofyourstayingontopofyour

commitmentsanddon’twaittobeginataskuntilitisdue.Haveasystemforstayingontopofyourcommitments,andtake_____34_____st

epstoassuresuccessfulcompletion.Ifyoucan’tfulfillacommitment,tellothersbeforethedeadline,or_____35_____helptomeetyour

schedule.Ifyoublameanotherperson,asystem,oraneventforsomethingyoudid_____36_____,otherswillnottrustyou.Peoplewillthinkmoreofyou(andm

orequicklyforgiveyou)ifyouarequickto_____37_____amistakeyoumade.Theywillbesuspiciousofyouandyourintentionsifyoudenyresponsibility

thatturnsouttobeyours,andasaconsequencemaydistrustwhatyousayoravoidworkingwithyou.23.A.employeeB.personC.modelD.role24A.tryB.expectC.aff

ordD.permit25.A.busyB.noticeableC.reluctantD.willing26.A.receiveB.placeC.promiseD.welcome27.A.participantsB.e

mployeesC.partnersD.employers28.A.performanceB.amountC.foundationD.level29.A.controlB.careC.prideD.risk30.A.victimB.lossC.sorrowD

.defeat31.A.unsafeB.foolishC.unfairD.silly32.A.partsB.elementsC.topsD.inputs33.A.sitB.lieC.relyD.base,.34.A.militaryB.imaginaryC.

temporaryD.necessary35.A.gainB.seekC.searchD.grasp36.A.failureB.wrongC.badD.poor37.A.claimB.adoptC.announceD.a

cquire【23~37题答案】【答案】23.D24.C25.D26.A27.B28.C29.A30.A31.C32.B33.C34.D35.B36.B37.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。在任何商业场合，我们都需

要采取行动，都要为自己的行为负责。如果你能很快承认自己的错误，人们会更看重你。如果你否认自己的责任，他们就会怀疑你和你的意图，结果可能会不信任你说的话或避免与你合作。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你还没有正式担任组织的管理角色，那么等待你

的老板不仅做出决定，而且还要承担责任会容易得多。A.employee雇员；B.person人；C.model模型，模特；D.role角色。根据第1空前后“Ifyouarenotofficiallyinamanagement____1____

ofyourorganization”和“yourboss”可知，相对于老板而言，此处指管理“角色”。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，今天的组织不能雇用那些只等着别人告诉他们该做什

么的工人。A.try尝试；B.expect期盼；C.afford负担；D.permit许可。根据第2空后“workerswhosimplywaittobetoldwhattodo”可知，组织负担不起只等着别人告诉他们该做什么的工人，此处意指“不能雇

佣”这样的工人。故选C。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你的公司想在未来几年蓬勃发展，它需要员工不仅愿意冒险和做出决定，而且愿意采取行动并为自己的行动负责。A.busy忙碌的；B.noticeabl

e值得注意的；C.reluctant不情愿的；D.willing愿意的。根据第3空前后“workerswhoare____3____notonlytotakechancesandtomakedecisio

nsbutalsototakeactionsandresponsibilityfortheiractions”和“theyareincreasinglywillingtogivetheir____5____moreresponsibilityinthe

irjobs”可知，此处指bewillingtodosth.“愿意做某事”。故选D。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，大多数管理者都有这样的主动性，他们也越来越愿意让员工在工作中承担更多的责任。A.receive接受；B.place放置；C.pro

mise许诺；D.welcome欢迎。根据上文和后文“theyareincreasinglywillingtogivetheir____5____moreresponsibilityintheirjobs”可知，组织需要员工愿意采取行动和承担责任，而管理者也愿意让员工在工作中承担

更多的责任，说明大多数管理者都能接受“让员工承担责任”的主动性。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，大多数管理者都有这样的主动性，他们也越来越愿意让员工在工作中承担更多的责任。A.participants参与人；B.employees雇员；C.par

tners伙伴；D.employers雇主。根据上文和第5空前后“willingtogivetheir____5____moreresponsibilityintheirjobs”可知，组织需要员工愿意采取行动和承担责任，此处指让“员工”承担责任。故选B。【2

8题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一基本信念是所有采取主动并控制自己生活的人的基础。A.performance表演；B.amount数量；C.foundation基础；D.level水平，标准。根据第6空前后

“Thisfundamentalbeliefisthe____6____forallindividualswhotakeinitiative”可知，此处指人积极主动的“基础”。故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一基本信念是所有采取主动并控制自己生活的人的基础。A.control控

制；B.care关心；C.pride骄傲；D.risk冒险。根据第7空前后“whotakeinitiativeand____7____oftheirlives”可知，采取主动性是在掌控生活，此处指对他们生活的“控制”。故选A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可以成为你的环境的牺牲品——

抱怨，为自己感到遗憾，认为生活是不公平的，或者你可以超越当前形势下的负面元素，对你的行为负责，关注如何改善或纠正情况。A.victim受害者、牺牲品；B.loss损失；C.sorrow悲痛；D.defeat失败，败北。根据第8空后“complai

ning,feelingsorryforyourself”可知，此处指是环境的“受害者”。故选A。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你可以成为你的环境的牺牲品——抱怨，为自己感到遗憾，认为生活是不公平

的，或者你可以超越当前形势下的负面元素，对你的行为负责，关注如何改善或纠正情况。A.unsafe不安全的；B.foolish愚蠢的；C.unfair不公平的；D.silly不明事理的。根据第9空前“complaining,fe

elingsorryforyourself”此处指生活的“不公平”。故选C。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可以成为你的环境的牺牲品——抱怨，为自己感到遗憾，认为生活是不公平的，或者你可以超越当前形势下的负面元素，对你的

行为负责，关注如何改善或纠正情况。A.parts部分；B.elements元素；C.tops顶部；D.inputs输入。根据第10空前后“thenegative____10____ofthecurrentcircumstances”可知，此处指当前境况的负面“元素”。故选B。【33题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：不要依赖别人提醒你要遵守承诺，也不要等到任务到期才开始做。A.sit坐；B.lie躺；C.rely依赖；D.base以……为基础。根据上文“Completetasksintimelyfashion.”和下文“onot

herstoremindyouofyourstayingontopofyourcommitments,anddon’twaittobeginataskuntilitisdue”可知，要及时完成任务，所以不要依赖别人提醒你要遵守承诺。动词短语：relyon“依

赖，依靠”。故选C。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一个系统来完成你的承诺，并采取必要的步骤来确保成功完成。A.military军事的；B.imaginary想象的；C.temporary临时的；D.neces

sary必要的。根据第12空后“toassuresuccessfulcompletion”可知，要确保成功完成，需要“必要的”步骤。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你不能履行承诺，在截止日期前告诉别人，或者寻求帮助来完成你的计划。A.gain获得；B.seek寻

找；C.search搜寻；D.grasp握紧，理解。根据第13空后“helptomeetyourschedule”可知，此处指“寻求”帮助。故选B。【36题详解】考查语境理解。句意：如果你因为自己做错的事情而

责怪他人、系统或事件，别人就不会信任你。A.failure失败；B.wrong错误的；C.bad坏的；D.poor穷的。根据第14空前后“youblameanotherperson,asystem,or

aneventforsomethingyoudid____14____,otherswillnottrustyou”和“amistakeyoumade”可知，此处指自己做“错事”，去责备他人、系统或事件，暗指不主动承担责任。故选B。

【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你能很快承认自己的错误，人们会更看重你（也会更快地原谅你）。A.claim声称；B.adopt收养，采纳；C.announce宣布；D.acquire获得。根据上文

可知，自己做“错事”，去责备他人、系统或事件，别人就不会信任你，所以如果你能很快承认自己的错误，人们会更看重你，此处指“承认”犯了错误。故选A。SectionBAGrowingup,Iwasalwaystotallyinlovewithfashion.I’

mthetypeofgirlwhofollowsFashionWecktrendsandspendsmuchmoneyonclothes.AndwhileIhavedreamedaboutbuildingacareerinfashion,I

’mwellawarethatit’snoteasytomakeanameforyourselfinthefield.Despitethis,IdecidedagainststudyingmedicinetofollowmydreamandwenttoW

estVirginiaUniversityforFashionDesign.WhenIgotapart-timejobatGirl’sLiftlastsummerholiday.Iwasexcitedtobeabletowritearticlesf

orthewebsite,sitinoneditorialmeetingsandhelppickthecoverfortheAugust/Septemberissue.ButwhenGLeditor-in-c

hiefKarenaskedifanyonewantedtohelpoutinthefashionroomforalltheclothes,accessories,shoesandbeautyproductsusedforshoots(拍摄).Ijumpe

dattheopportunity.Afterspendingsomuchtimewiththeclothes,IknewIjusthadtogoonsitefortheshoot.MyparentsalwaystoldmetospeakupwhenIwantsomething,soI

gatheredupthecouragetoaskKarenifIcouldhelpoutontheshoot.Notonlydidshesayyes,butshetoldmethatIcouldhe

lpoutatanotherthefollowingweek.Thenextday,whenthephotographeraskedmetohelphimtestthelightningforafewshoo

ts,Iwassuperexcited.Whenoneofthetwomodelsdidn’tshowup,Iwasaskedtostepinforher.BeforeIknewit,Iwassittinginhairandm

akeup,beingfittedformyclothesfortherestofmylife.NeverinamillionyearsdidIthinkIwouldbeinamagazine.Letaloneonfourpagesofamajorfashionmagazine.Iam

reallygratefulforthisopportunity,butitwouldneverhavehappenedifIdidn’tspeakupandasktobeapartofit.38.Thewriter

’sdreamisto________.A.becomeamodelforFashionWeekB.takeupajobinfashionCstudyinWestVirginalUniversityD.beanexpertonmedici

ne39.Theunderlinedword“issue”inparagraphtwomeans________.A.problemB.subjectC.magazineD.newspaper40.Wecaninferfromt

hepassagethat________encouragethewriteralotinherlife.A.herparentsB.themodelsC.thephotographerD.Karen41.Whatdoesthepas

sageintendtotellus?A.It’samazingtoappearinafashionmagazine.B.It’snoteasytobecomefamousinone’scareer.C.Spe

akupforwhatyouwantandyouwillgetitsoon.D.Sticktoyourdreamandtryeverythingyoucanforit.【38~41题答案】【答案】38.B39.

C40.A41.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者从小的时候就喜欢时装，一直梦想着在时尚届有所作为，长大后去大学学习时装设计，在自己的努力下一步步实现了自己的梦想。【38题详解】细节理解题，根据第一段“Growingup,Iwasalwaystotall

yinlovewithfashion.AndwhileIhavedreamedaboutbuildingacareerinfashion,I’mwellawarethatit’snoteasytomakeanameforyourselfinthefield.”（在成长过程中，我一直完全热爱时尚

。虽然我一直梦想着在时尚界建立自己的职业生涯，但我清楚地意识到，要在这.一领域成名并不容易。）由此可知，作者的梦想是从事时尚行业。故选B项。【39题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“Iwasexcitedt

obeabletowritearticlesforthewebsite,sitinoneditorialmeetingsandhelppickthecoverfortheAugust/Septemberissue.”（我很高

兴能够为网站写文章，参加编辑会议，并帮助挑选8月/9月issue的封面）判断出，作者帮助挑选8月/9月杂志的封面。故选C项。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Myparentsalwaystoldmetospeak

upwhenIwantsomething,”（我的父母总是告诉我，当我想要什么东西的时候，要大声说出来）判断出，她的父母在她的生活中给了作者很多鼓励。故选A项。【41题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Growingup,Iwasalwaystotallyinlovewithfashion.

AndwhileIhavedreamedaboutbuildingacareerinfashion,I’mwellawarethatit’snoteasytomakeanameforyourselfinthefield.Despitethis,Idecidedagai

nststudyingmedicinetofollowmydreamandwenttoWestVirginiaUniversityforFashionDesign.”（在成长过程中，我一直完全热爱时尚。虽然我一直梦想着在时尚界建立

自己的职业生涯，但我清楚地意识到，要在这一领域成名并不容易。尽管如此，我还是决定放弃学医，去西弗吉尼亚大学学习时装设计。）以及最后一段“Iamreallygratefulforthisopportunity,butitwoul

dneverhavehappenedifIdidn’tspeakupandasktobeapartofit.”（我真的很感激这次机会，但如果我不站出来，不要求参与进来，这一切就不会发生。）由此可知，短文

主要告诉我们坚持你的梦想，为之尽你所能。故选D项。(B)Foryears,theEmpireStateBuildinginNewYorkwasrecognizedasthetallestbuildingintheworl

d,butinrecentdecades,manymuchhigherstructureshavebeenbuilt.Readontolearnmoreaboutfourofthetallestskyscrapersexistingtoday.●BuriKhalif

aBuriKhalifainDubai,UnitedArabEmirates,iscurrentlythetallestbuildingintheworld.Thetowerispartofanewdevelopmentbuiltonaman-madelake.B

urjKhalifahasadistinctiveshapesothatthewindowslookoutontothePersianGulf.A304-roomhoteloccupiesthelowerf

loorsandthereisanobservationdeckonthe124thfloor.ThetopfloorishometoaprivateVIPclub,closedtoanyoneexceptmembers.●

ShanghaiWorldFinancialCentreThisskyscraperhasthehighestobservationdeckintheworld,althoughthebuildingitselfisnolongerthetalles

t.Constructionstoppedbetween1998and2003becauseoftheAsianfinancialcrisis,butitwaseventuallyfinishedin2008.Themostdistinctivefeatureinitsdesignist

hegeometricopeningatthetopofthetower.●InternationalCommerceCentreThisskyscraperinHongKongstandsontopofKowloonStation,whic

hgaveitsnametotheoriginalproposalforthebuilding.Thetowerisnotashighasinearlierplansbecauseofregulationsthatpreventedbuildingsfr

ombeingtallerthanthesurroundingmountains.Afive-starhoteloccupiestheupperfifteenfloorsofthebuilding.Thereisanobser

vationdeckonthe100thfloorandanumberoffive-starrestaurantsonthe101stfloor.●PetronasTowerThesetowersinKualaLumpur,Malays

ia,arethetallesttwinbuildingsintheworld.Theywerebuiltonthesiteofthecity’shorse-racingtrackingandanexclusivesh

oppingcentreislocatedatthebase.Thetowersareconnectedbyaskybridgeonthe41stand42ndfloors,whichisthehighesttwo-st

oreybridgeintheworld.Itisopentothepublic,butonlyalimitednumberoffreeticketsaregivenouteachday,andvisitorsareallo

wednomorethantenminutesonthebridge.42.Inwhichtwobuildingscanyoubookaroom?A.BuriKhalifaandShanghaiWorldFinancialCentre.B.Internat

ionalCommerceCentreandPetronasTowers.C.BurjKhalifaandInternationalCommerceCentre.D.PetronasTowersandBurjKhalifa.

43.________is/areshorterthanit/theywas/weredesignedtobe.A.BurjKhalifaB.ShanghaiWorldFinancialCentreC

.PetronasTowersD.InternationalCommerceCentre44.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.ShanghaiWorldFinancialCentretooklongerto

completethanplanned.B.Visitorshavetopaytostayonthetwo-storeybridgeinPetronasTowers.C.InternationalCommerc

eCentreisnamedafteritsinvestor.D.ThetopfloorofBuriKhalifaisaccessibletoeveryone.【42~44题答案】【答案】42.C43.D44.A【解析】【分析】本文属于说明文。短文介绍了现存的四座最高的摩天大楼。【详解

】1.细节理解题。本题干的关键词“bookaroom”，根据第一个黑体字“BuriKhalifa”哈利法塔，结合下文中的“A304-roomhoteloccupiesthelowerfloorsandthereisanobservationdeckonthe124

thfloor.”一家有304个房间的酒店位于较低的楼层，124楼有一个观景台。可知，在哈利法塔的较低楼层有一家拥有304个房间的酒店，这里你可以预订房间；结合“InternationalCommerceCentr

e”环球贸易广场，下文中“Afive-starhoteloccupiestheupperfifteenfloorsofthebuilding.Thereisanobservationdeckonthe100thfloorandanumbero

ffive-starrestaurantsonthe101stfloor.”一家五星级酒店占据了大楼的最高十五层。100楼有一个观景台，101楼有几家五星级餐厅。可知，环球贸易广场有一座五星级酒店，综上，可以预定房间的地方是BuriKhal

ifa和InternationalCommerceCentre。选项C符合文意。故选C。2.细节理解题。根据第三个黑体字“InternationalCommerceCentre”下中的“Thetowerisnotashighasi

nearlierplansbecauseofregulationsthatpreventedbuildingsfrombeingtallerthanthesurroundingmountains.”由于规定不允许建筑物高于周围的群山

，这座大楼没有以前设计的那么高。据此可知，InternationalCommerceCentre比设计的高度要低，选项D符合文意。故选D。3.细节理解题。根据第二个黑体字“ShanghaiWorldFinancialCentre”中的“Constructions

toppedbetween1998and2003becauseoftheAsianfinancialcrisis,butitwaseventuallyfinishedin2008.”由于亚洲金融危机，建筑工程在1998年至2003年

间停工，但最终在2008年竣工。据此可知，上海环球金融中心的建筑工程因为金融危机停了5年，竣工时间最终在2008年完成。这比原预定的时间要晚，也就是比计划完成的时间长。选项A符合文意。根据最后一段中“Thetowe

rsareconnectedbyaskybridgeonthe41stand42ndfloors,whichisthehighesttwo-storeybridgeintheworld.Itisopentothepublic,butonlyalimitednumberoffreeti

cketsaregivenouteachday,andvisitorsareallowednomorethantenminutesonthebridge.”塔楼由41楼和42楼的空中桥连接，这是世界上最高的两层桥。它

对公众开放，但每天只发放有限的免费门票，游客在桥上的停留时间不得超过10分钟。据此可知，参观两层桥时，游客可持有限的免费门票，在桥上的停留时间不得超过10分钟。选项B和文意不符；结合第四段中“ThisskyscraperinHongKongstandsontopofKowloon

Station,whichgaveitsnametotheoriginalproposalforthebuilding.”这座香港的摩天大楼（环球贸易广场）坐落在九龙站的顶端，九龙站就是以它的名字命名的。讲述了九龙站的名字的来历，选项C提到说环球贸易广场是以其投资者命名的。

文中并未提及；结合第一个黑体字“BuriKhalifa”中“ThetopfloorishometoaprivateVIPclub,closedtoanyoneexceptmembers.”顶层是私人贵宾俱乐部所在地，除了会员，不对任何人开放。选项D

说哈利法塔的顶层对所有人开放和文意不符。故选A。（C）Whydosomanystudentshatemath,fearit,orboth?Ifyouaskstudentswhattheythinktheirroleisinmathclassrooms

,mostofthemwilltellyouitistogetquestionsright.Studentsrarelythinktheyareinmathclassroomtoappreciatethebeautyofmath;theythinktheyarein

mathclassroomstoperform.Thiswasbroughthometome(使我深切地感受到)recentlywhenacolleaguetoldmethathersix-year-oldsoncamehomesayinghedidn’tlikemath.Whensheasked

himwhy,hesaidthatmathwas“toomuchanswertimeandnotenoughlearningtime.”Studentsfromanearlyagerealizethatmathisdi

fferentfromothersubjects.Inmanyschools,mathislessaboutlearningthanitisaboutansweringquestionsandtakingtests—

performing.Educatorsknowthatthemostproductivemath-learningenvironmentsarethoseinwhichstudentsreceivepositivemessagesabouttheirunlimitedpote

ntialandworkoninterestingandcomplexproblems,inwhichtheyfeelfreetotryideas,failandrevisetheirthinking.Stude

ntswitha“growth”mindsetarethosewhobelievethattheirabilityisnot“fixed”andthatfailureisanaturalpartoflearning.Thesearethestudentswhoperformathigh

erlevelsinmathandinlife.However,studentsdon’tgettheopportunitytoseemathasa“growthsubject”iftheymainlyworkonshort,closedquestionsaccompaniedbyfre

quentteststhatcommunicatetothemthatthereisnoroomforfailure.Inaddition,morethananyothersubject,mathispresentedasaspeedrac

e.Teacherstakeanswersfromthefirststudentwhoraiseshisorherhandinclass.Theygivetimedmathtests.Mathappsoftenraceagainsttheclock.Itisnowonderthatstuden

tswhothinkslowlyanddeeplyareputoddbymathematics.Whenteachersopenupmathematicsandteachcreativemath,theyteachmathasalearningsu

bject,insteadofaperformancesubject.Whentheyaskquestionsthathavemanysolutionsorpathwaysthroughthemandgivestudentstheopp

ortunitytodiscussdifferentmathematicalideas,studentsseethatlearningispossible.Toputitsimply,mathquestionsshouldhavespaceinsidethemforstudentstodi

scussdifferentideas.Studentsshouldbeencouragedtoaskquestionsthathavenotbeenaskedandtothinkofideasthatgoagainsttraditionalboundaries.Nowisthetim

etoinviteyoungpeopleontogrowthmindsetpathways,encouragingthemtobethepeopletheyshouldbe,freefromartificialrulesandinspiredbytheknowledgethattheyha

veunlimitedpotential.Whenteacherssetstudentsfree,beautifulmathematicsfollows.45.Accordingtotheauthor,manystudentshatemathbecause_____

___.A.theirmathtextbooksaretoodifficultB.theirteachersdon’tunderstandthebeautyofmathC.theyconsidermathauselesssubject

D.mostmathquestionsareshortandclosed46.Studentswhoperformathigherlevelsinmatharethosewho________.A.haverealizedtheyhaveunlimitedpotentialinmathB.c

anseethedifferencesbetweenmathandothersubjectsC.areamongthefirsttoraisetheirhandsinmathclassD.thinkslowlyanddeeply47.Inthe

author’sopinionmathteachersshould________.①helptheirstudentssolvehardquestions②allowtheirstudentstoseetheirpotentialinmath

③askquestionsthathavefixedsolutions④encouragetheirstudentstoexploredifferentsolutionsA.①②B.③④C.①③D.②④48.Bywritingt

hisarticle,theauthormainlywantsto________.A.explorethebeautyofmathematicsB.explainthedifferencebetweena“growth”mindsetanda“fixed”mind

setC.shareherenjoyableexperiencesoflearningmathD.suggestmathteachersteachcreativemath【45~48题答案】【答案】45.D46.A47.D48.D【解析】【导语】

这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了学生讨厌数学的原因以及如何让学生对数学感兴趣，而不是惧怕和讨厌数学。【45题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“However,studentsdon’tgettheopportunitytoseemathasa“growthsubject”if

theymainlyworkonshort,closedquestionsaccompaniedbyfrequentteststhatcommunicatetothemthatthereisnoroomforfailure.”（然而，如果学生们主要

研究简短、封闭的问题，并经常进行测试，告诉他们没有失败的余地，那么他们就没有机会将数学视为一门“成长学科”。）可知，根据作者的说法，许多学生讨厌数学，因为大多数数学问题都很简短且封闭。故选D项。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Edu

catorsknowthatthemostproductivemath-learningenvironmentsarethoseinwhichstudentsreceivepositivemessagesaboutthe

irunlimitedpotentialandworkoninterestingandcomplexproblems,inwhichtheyfeelfreetotryideas,failandrevisetheirthinking.Studentswitha“growth”minds

etarethosewhobelievethattheirabilityisnot“fixed”andthatfailureisanaturalpartoflearning.Thesearethestudentswhoperformathigherlevelsinmat

handinlife”（教育工作者都知道，最有效的数学学习环境是这样的:在这样的环境中，,学生能收到关于他们无限潜力的积极信息，并致力于有趣而复杂的问题，在这样的环境中，他们可以自由地尝试想法，失败和修正自己的思维。“成长型”思维的学生认为他们的能力不是“固定的”，失败是学习中自然的一

部分。这些学生在数学和生活方面表现优异。）可知，在数学方面表现优异的学生是那些意识到自己在数学方面有无限潜力的人。故选A项。【47题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段“Whentheyaskquestionsthathavemanysolutionsorpathwaysthroughth

emandgivestudentstheopportunitytodiscussdifferentmathematicalideas,studentsseethatlearningispossible.Toputitsimply,mathquestionsshould

havespaceinsidethemforstudentstodiscussdifferentideas.Studentsshouldbeencouragedtoaskquestionsthathavenot

beenaskedandtothinkofideasthatgoagainsttraditionalboundaries.”（当他们问的问题有许多解决方法或途径，并给学生机会讨论不同的数学思想，学生看到学习是可能的。简单地说，数学问题应该有空间让学生讨论不同的想

法。应该鼓励学生问一些没有被问到的问题，并思考一些打破传统界限的想法。）可知，作者认为，数学教师应该让学生看到他们在数学方面的潜力，鼓励学生探索不同的解决方案。故选D项。【48题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Wh

enteachersopenupmathematicsandteachcreativemath,theyteachmathasalearningsubject,insteadofaperformancesubject.”（当教师开放数学，

教授创造性数学时，他们把数学作为一门学习科目来教授，而不是一门表现科目来教授。）最后一段“Whenteacherssetstudentsfree,beautifulmathematicsfollows.”（当老师让学生给学生们自由时，美丽的数学随之而来。）由此判断出，通过写这篇

文章，作者主要是想建议数学教师进行创造性的数学教学。故选D项。SectionCFromearliesttimes,theEnglish,forinstance,havebelievedincertainsymbolsandcustomsthatc

ouldbringgoodfortuneaswellaskeepawayevilspirits.____49____Belowaresymbolsofluckfromapopularculturemagazine.WoodBackina

ncienttimes,touchingthetreewasasignofrespecttothegodsafterafavorhasbeenrequested,orthankstothegodsforare

questthathadbeenfulfilled.____50____Evennow,peoplestillhavethehabitoftryingtotouchortoknockonwoodaftertalkingbadthingsaboutot

herpeople,andsoon,sothattheactionwillgetridofanybadluckduringtheday.HorseshoeThehorseshoeisconsideredaluckysymbolinEnglishcustoms.Itissimilarto

theothersymbolsassociatedwithgoodfortuneinotherculturessuchas“U”.“U”shapeisoftensaidtobethesymboloffertilityandalsopossessespowertodrivea

wayevilspirits.Astheymadeofironandusedforhorses,horseshoesarealsolinkedtostrengthandpower.Asaresult,combini

ngallthesesignsofgoodluck,thehorseshoeisregardedasapowerfuldevicetobringfortuneandkeepevilspiritsaway.____51____However,thehorseshoemustbeplacedinas

tanding“U”positionsothatthegoodfortunewillbeheldbythehousehold.CoinCoins,especiallygoldcoins,weresaidtobringgoodfortuneto

thepersonwhopossessedthem.Gold,likeinanyotherculture,wasalwaysasymbolofwealth.Inthepast,"lucky"goldcoinswe

returnedintoringstobewornasacureformanytypesofillness.Sometimes,bridesputtheminashoetoensureagoodmarriedlif

e.TheEnglishalsodroppedcoinsintowellstomakeawishinthehopethattheirdreamswouldcometrue.____52____A.Itusedtobeacommonbeliefthatanoldbootwasagoodlu

ckcharm.B.Oldbootsorshoesweresaidtoholdgoodspiritsandcourageoftheirowners.C.Later,theBritishstillheldtheirbeliefthatwoodis

holyasChristdiedonawoodencross.D.Itisusuallynailedtothefrontdoortoprotectthehouseholdfromuninvitedvisitorslikewi

tchesandevils.E.Oldcustomsseldomdie,sodon’tbesurprisedbecausesomeofthesecustomsarestillpracticeddailyintoday’ssociety.F.Thisisdue

tothefactthatpeopleatthattimebelievedthereweregoodspiritswholivedinthewells,fountainsorsprings.【49~52题答案

】【答案】49.E50.C51.D52.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几个幸运符号和习俗。【49题详解】根据上文“Fromearliesttimes,theEnglish,forinstance,havebel

ievedincertainsymbolsandcustomsthatcouldbringgoodfortuneaswellaskeepawayevilspirits.(例如，从最早的时候起，英国人就相信某些符号和习俗，可以带来好运，并远离恶灵。)”可知，从很早的时候起，英国人就相信某些符号和

习俗可以带来好运，也可以驱除邪灵，再结合下文“Belowaresymbolsofluckfromapopularculturemagazine.”可知，下面是一本流行文化杂志上的幸运符号，E项（旧的习俗很少消亡，因此，不要因为这些习俗在今天的社会仍然存在而感到惊

讶）承上启下，既对应了上文提到的符号和习俗，又引出了下文介绍的幸运符号，故选E。【50题详解】根据上文“Backinancienttimes,touchingthetreewasasignofrespecttothegodsafteraf

avorhasbeenrequested,orthankstothegodsforarequestthathadbeenfulfilled.”可知，在古代，在请求帮助后，触摸树是对神的尊重，或者感谢神满足了请求，再结合下文“Evennow,peoplestillhavethehabit

oftryingtotouchortoknockonwoodaftertalkingbadthingsaboutotherpeople,andsoon,sothattheactionwillgetridofanybadl

uckduringtheday.”可知，即使是现在，人们仍然有在谈论别人的坏话后试图触摸或敲打木头的习惯等等，这样做可以消除白天的任何坏运气，C项（后来，英国人仍然相信木头是神圣的，因为基督死在木头十字架上）中的Later与上下文的“Backinancienttimes”和“

Evennow”构成时间顺序，都在讲关于摸树这一习俗，故选C。【51题详解】根据上文“Asaresult,combiningallthesesignsofgoodluck,thehorseshoeisregardedasapo

werfuldevicetobringfortuneandkeepevilspiritsaway.”可知，因此，结合了所有这些好运的标志，马蹄铁被认为是一种强大的工具，能够带来好运，驱除邪恶，再结合下文“However,thehor

seshoemustbeplacedinastanding‘U’positionsothatthegoodfortunewillbeheldbythehousehold.”可知，不过，马蹄铁的U形必须是直立的，这样全家人才能有好运气，D

项（它通常被钉在前门，以保护家庭免受不速之客，如女巫和邪恶）中的It指代的就是前面提到的horseshoe，与下文内容一致介绍马蹄铁的摆放问题，故选D。【52题详解】根据上文“TheEnglishalsodroppedco

insintowellstomakeawishinthehopethattheirdreamswouldcometrue.”可知，英国人还把硬币扔到井里许愿，希望他们的梦想成真，F项（这是因为当时的人们相信井里、喷泉里或泉水里都有好的精灵）中的well

s,fountainsorsprings与上文的wells一致，解释英国人还把硬币扔到井里许愿的原因，故选F。IV.Translation(13%)Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish

,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.53.濒临灭绝的小语种值得更多关注。（extinction）（汉译英）【53题答案】【答案】Theminoritylanguagesindangerofextinctiondeservem

oreattention.【解析】【详解】考查固定短语和时态。结合句意表示“濒临灭绝的小语种”短语为theminoritylanguagesindangerofextinction；表示“值得”应用动词deserve，句子描述的是客

观事实，应用一般现在时；表示“更多关注”短语为moreattention。故翻译为：Theminoritylanguagesindangerofextinctiondeservemoreattention.54.他不抱希望，但却

下定决心、满怀恨意地给它一击。（hit）（汉译英）【54题答案】【答案】Hehadnohope,buthehititwithdeterminationandbitterness.【解析】【详解】考查时态、连词和介词短语。表示过去的情况用一般过去时，“他不抱希望

”可以表示为Hehadnohope,“但是”用连词but，“给它一击”hitit，“下定决心、满怀恨意”用介词短语，withdeterminationandbitterness。故翻译为：Hehadnohope

,buthehititwithdeterminationandbitterness.55.这部讴歌医务工作者无私奉献的纪录片赢得了一个又一个殊荣。（celebrate）（汉译英）【55题答案】【答案】Thisdocumentarycel

ebratingtheselflessdedicationofmedicalworkershaswononeawardafteranother.【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定短语。此处主语为thedocum

entary；表示“讴歌医务工作者无私奉献”应用现在分词短语celebratingtheselflessdedicationofmedicalworkers，作定语；表示“赢得了一个又一个殊荣”翻译为winoneawardaft

eranother，此处为现在完成时。故翻译为Thisdocumentarycelebratingtheselflessdedicationofmedicalworkershaswononeawardafteranother.56.自从上世纪80年

代末期,一些国家人口以令人警示的速度下降,老龄化对于就业造成了巨大的威胁。（threat）（汉译英）【56题答案】【答案】Sincethelate1980s,populationsinsomecountrieshavebeendecliningatalar

mingrates,andagingposesahugethreattoemployment.【解析】【详解】考查时态、主谓一致和动词短语。“自从上世纪80年代末期”表示为Sincethelate1980s，

“一些国家”可以表示为insomecountries，since是现在完成时和现在完成进行时的提示词，表示一直持续的动作用现在完成进行时，“人口下降”表示为populationshavebeendeclining，“

以令人警示的速度”表示为atalarmingrates，“对......造成了巨大的威胁”poseahugethreatto，表示现在的事实用一般现在时，aging是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。结合其他

汉语提示，故整句翻译为Sincethelate1980s,populationsinsomecountrieshavebeendecliningatalarmingrates,andagingposesahugethreattoemployment

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