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北京市朝阳区2023~2024学年度第一学期期末质量检测高一英语(考试时间100分钟满分100分)本试卷共10页。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分知识运用(共三节，30分)第一节完形填空(共

10小题;每小题1分，共10分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Onawinterafternoon,afriendandIwerethrowingstonesontotheroofofanoldlady’shouse.W

eaimedtoseehowthestones___1___tofallingstarsastheyrolledofftheroofandshotintotheyard.Ifoundaperfectlysmoothrock.Itwastoosmooth,however,soitslipp

ed(滑落)frommyhandasIthrewitandit___2___forasmallwindowofthehouse.Hearingthesoundofbreakingglass,IknewIwas___3___.Iwastooscaredaboutgettingcaughtthat

nighttobe___4___abouttheoldladywiththebrokenwindowinsuchacoldwinter.However,afewdayslater,Istartedtofeelsorryforher___5___.Shestillgreetedmeeachdaywi

thasmile.ImadeupmymindthatIwouldsavemypaperdeliverymoneytomakeupforwhatIdid.Finally,Imadeit.IputthemoneyinanenvelopewithanoteexplainingthatI

wassorryforbreakingherwindowandhopedthatthesevendollarswouldbeenoughto___6___thecost.Iwaiteduntilitwasdark.Iwentuptoherhouse___7___andputthelette

rIdidn’tsigninherdoorinsecret.Atthatmoment,IfeltthatIcouldhavethe___8___,onceagain,tolookintotheoldlady’skinde

yes.Thenextday,Ihandedherthepaperandwasableto___9___herwarmsmile.Shethankedmeandgavemeabagofcookies.Afterseveralcookies,Ifeltanenvelope.When

Iopenedit,Iwas____10____toseethesevendollarsandashortnotethatsaid,“I’mproudofyou.”1.A.ranB.jumpedC.changedD.added2.A.waitedB.headedC.lookedD.called

3.A.introubleB.intearsC.inreliefD.indanger4.A.nervousB.carefulC.seriousD.concerned5.AchallengeB.sufferingC.pressureD.sadness6.A.cove

rB.cutC.raiseD.count7.A.humblyB.painfullyC.quietlyD.proudly8.ApatienceB.desireC.courageD.inspiration9.A.recordB.returnC.rewardD.realize10.A.eagerB.ex

citedC.stressedD.surprised第二节选词填空(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)阅读下面句子，根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的单词或词组，并使用其正确形式填空。duetobeaddictedtoli

veuptoratherthanmakeanefforttakeadvantageofrepresenthaveanimpactonenabledealwith11.Theredlinesonthemap___

___railways.12.Thismoneywould_____metoopenmyownbusiness.13.Thesmokeintheairwas______awildfireinthenearbyforest.14.Youshould_____

_thehotel’sgymandpoolwhileyou’rethere.15.One’sgeneralknowledgeabouthealth______theirlifestylechoices.16Tim______coffeeandcan’tdoanythinginthemor

ninguntilhe’shadsome.17.Thegirlhasfailedto______theproblemofhomesicknesswhiletravelingabroad.18.Afterlosingthegame,he______tohidehisdisappointment

,butweallsawitinhisface.19.We’veheardlotsofgoodnewsabouttherestaurantanditsfood______ourexpectationtoo.20._____

_drivingaroundalldaylookingforplacestopark,whydon’tyoutakeabusintotown?第三节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)阅读下面句子，根据句子内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个

恰当的单词，在给出...提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式琪空。21.Dr.Brownisaseniorprofessor________viewsarewidelyrespected.（用适当的词填

空）22.Thelittlegirl______(cry)herheartoutbecauseshehadlosthertoybear.(所给词的适当形式填空)23.Tomwasmyleaderandhepromisedthathe______(help)meifnecessary

.(所给词的适当形式填空)24.Wewere______(amaze)toseeJohnlookingsowell,sosoonafterhisoperation.(所给词的适当形式填空)25.WhenIwenttopayhimavisitinthehospital,he______(

examine)bythedoctor.(所给词的适当形式填空)26.Heimaginedallsortsof______(excite)thingsaboutstudyingandlivingincollege.(所给词的适当形式填空)27.Afteraheateddiscussion,we

cameupwiththeway______(solve)thefundingproblem.(所给词的适当形式填空)28.WhenababyisonemontholdinChina,aFullMoonceremony______(hold)tocelebrateit.(

所给词的适当形式填空)29.Theywereimpressedbytheschools______theyhadvisitedinthepoorvillageanddecidedtohelpthem.(用适当的词填空)30

.Itisabigchallenge______(find)andkeeptherightbalancebetweenprogressandtheprotectionofculturalsites.(所给词的适当形式填空)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14

小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATePapaTongarewaTePapaTongarewaisthemuseumofart,science,andthe

naturalhistoryofNewZealand.Thenametranslatesto“ourcontaineroftreasuredthingsandpeoplethatspringfrommother

earthhereinNewZealand”.TePapaisopeneverydayfrom10amto6pm,exceptonChristmasDay.Admissionisfreeforeveryone,butchargesapplytocertainexhibitio

nsandevents.·GuidedtoursIntroducingTePapaTourwillgiveyouagreatopportunitytounderstandthevariousviewsandculturesyouwillm

eetthroughoutNewZealand.TePapa@TwilightTourisanexcellentchoicetoavoidthecrowdsanddiscoverTePapa’shigh

lightsasthesunbeginstoset.Youcandiscussourdiversenaturalenvironment,andthecontinuedgrowthofMaoriculturewithaprivateguid

e.TakeajourneywithMaoriExperienceKinakiTour,todiscoverhowfirstpeoplesofthelandhaveformeduniquefoodsprovidedbythenaturalworld.Thetourwillconcludewith

asharedkai,traditionally-inspiredfoodtasting.·PlananeducationvisitIfyouareaneducator,choosefromourrangeofeducationprogrammes.Eac

hcanbeadaptedtoyourneeds.Bothin-personandvirtualvisitsareaccessible.Werecommendbookingatleasttwoweeksaheadoftime.

Duringthevisit,werequireyoutobringadultstosupervise(管理)studentscloselyasyouareresponsiblefortheirsafety.Foodanddrinks

(exceptbottledwater)arenotallowedinexhibitionareasSchoolsarewelcometoeatlunchintheoutdoorcourtyard.Youmayalsochoosetobuylunchesfro

mourcaféandarewelcometousecafespacetoeat.31.Accordingtothepassage,TePapaTongarewa______.A.showslocalcollectionsB.isfullofw

orldwidetreasuresC.hostsalltheeventsforfreeD.isopenthewholeyearround32.WhichtripofTePapaofferstypicaltraditionalfood?A.IntroducingTePapaTour.B.TeP

apa@TwilightTour.C.Aneducationprogramme.D.MaoriExperienceKinakiTour.33.ForaneducationvisittoTePapa_____.A.bookingaweekaheadi

srequiredB.themuseumensuresstudents’safelyC.eatinginexhibitionareasisacceptedD.themuseumsupportspersonalizedserviceBHanselEnmanuel,a19-year-oldbaske

tballplayer,hasdrawnattentionaftervideosspreadquicklyshowinghisawesomeskills,likemaking3-pointshotsanddunking(灌篮)withease.Allwithjusthisrighta

rm.Itlooksalmosteffortlesswhenheplays.However,it’snot.Itneverhasbeen.Enmanuelwas6whenhewasclimbingawall.Itfelloverhim,bricksand

blocksonhisleftarm.Hewasrushedtothehospital,butthedoctorcouldn’tsavehisarmanditwascutoffseveralinchesbelowtheshoulde

r.ItwasadarktimeforEnmanuelandhisfamily.Slowlythingsgotbetterforthelittleboy.Hestillremembersthefirsttimehetiedhisshoes.Just7,Enmanuelwaswaitingforhi

smothertodoitforhim,butshewasbusycooking.“Iwaslike,nevermind,I’mgoingtostart,”hesaidinarecentintervie

w.“Itoldmyselfletmetry.Iwastrying.ThenImadeit.”“SoIwasexcited,excitedlikecrazy,”headded.Smallthingsbecamehugevictories.Monthsafterthat,Enma

nueltriedbasketball,too.Butit’snotaneasypath..,Hismissingarmlefthimlackingbalance.Everytimehetriedtorun,he’dcrashtotheground,fal

lingondebris(碎片)coveredacrossthecourtsheplayedon.Thesefallslefthimwithnumerousscars(疤痕).Intheintervi

ew,Enmanuelpointedtothescarafterscardownthelengthoftheleg,remindersofahardtimethathasbroughthimtoexcellenceinbasketballskills.Enmanuelf

irstdunkedat14,anditwasn’tlongbeforehispopularitygrewwiththeviewsonhisvideos.Butitwasn’tthehighlightvideosthatin

terestedhiscoach,CoreyGipson.HelikedEnmanuel’sattitudeandthewayhecarriedhimselfonthecourt.“Hanselisa

verytoughperson,”Gipsonsaid.“Whenyouseehimonthefloor,youjustseeanunstoppableforcethatdoesn’ttakeanythingforgranted(理所应当).”“I

’mnotspecial,”Enmanuelsaid.“I’mnotdifferentthannobody.TheonlydifferenceisthatI’vegotonearm,butthat’snotdifferent.”34.Whatfirste

ncouragedEnmanueltorecoverfromtheaccident?A.Thehelpfromhisdoctor.B.Managingtotiehisshoes.C.Videosonhisshotsanddunking.D.Theat

tentionfromhismother.35.Enmanuelpointedtoscarsonhislegmainlytoshowhis______.A.successB.healthC.effortsD.competence36.Whatintere

stedEnmanuel’scoachmost?A.Hisresponsetodifficulties.B.Hisgreatsenseofbalance.C.Hisconfidenceonthecourt.D.Hispopularityonsocialmedi

a.37.Whatdoesthestoryintendtotellus?A.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.B.Don’tjudgeabookbyitscover.C.Nothingisimpossib

letoawillingheart.D.Youcanmakeadifferencebybeingdifferent.CEarlierfindingsaboutsharkshaveshownthattheycouldlearnskillsfrom

eachother.Recently,VeraSchluesselattheUniversityofBonninGermanyandhercolleagueshavedoneresearchonhowwell12bamboosharkscouldrecognize

(认出)differentnumbersofobjects.Eachsharkwasputinatrainingpoolwithpicturesoftwodifferentgroupsofgeometric(几何图形的)shapesprojectedontoawallTheteamthency

cledthroughatleast40objectsofdifferentshapesandshadestoensurethesharksweren’tsimplypickinguponthedarknessofthe

objectsortheareaofwalltheycovered.Aroundhalfthesharkslearnedtoreliablypresstheirnoseagainsttheimagewiththemostobjects,aft

erwhichtheywererewardedwithfood.Thesesharksonlyseemedabletopickoutthebiggergroupifitcontainedatleasttwomoreobjectsthanthesmallerone.Thisma

ybebecausethedifferencebetweensixandsevenfishorpredators(捕食者)isunimportantinthewild,saysSchluessel.Thereasonnotallthe

sharkslearnedhowtodothetaskcouldbethatthey,likeallanimals,havedifferencesinintelligence(智力).Sharksjoinagrow

ingnumberofanimalsthathavebeendiscoveredtohavesimilarskillsatdistinguishingquantities,includingblackbears,guppiesandrhesusmonkeys.Inoneexperi

ment,dogsandwolveswereabletoreliablypickthelargeroftwogroups.Butdogscouldonlydosowhenoneofthegroupshadfarmoreobjec

ts.Somesharkspeciesaresociallearnersandcanperformataskinatankmorequicklyiftheywatchanothersharkthathasalreadybeentrainedtodoit.Thischallengestheima

geofsharksasmindless,solitarycreatures.Justlikehumans,sharkslearnfromtheirownexperiencesandfailures.Andjustas

wedo,sharkscanlearnfromeachother’sexperiencestoo,saysCatarinaVilaPoucaatMacquarieUniversityinAustralia.“Being

abletolearnfromothersisenormouslybeneficial.Notonlydoesitsavetime,butwatchinganothershark’ssuccessatfeedingorfailuretoescapepredator

scouldbeamatteroflifeordeath.”Schluesselandhercolleagueshavealsopreviouslyfoundthatbamboosharkshaveanadvancedabilitytorecognizecategories,suchassnai

lsorfish,enablingthemtogetatreatevenifpictureslookremarkablysimilar.Thisissimilartoourabilitytolookatagoldfishandasalmonandknowthattheyarethesamet

ypeofthing,eventhoughoneis30timesthesizeoftheother.38.Whatcanwelearnaboutthesharksintherecentresearch?A.Theya

retrainedtorecognizetheshapes.B.Theyarecapableoftellingmorefromless.C.Theycanidentifyobjectsduetotherewa

rds.D.Theyarenobetterthandogsintellingnumbers.39.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“solitary”inParagraph4probablymean?A

.Selfish.B.Lonely.C.Risky.D.Lazy.40.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toshowhowsharkslearnfromeachot

her.B.Toexplainhowsharksandhumansarealike.C.Toprovethatsharksaresmarterthantheylook.D.Topresenttheimportanceofnumbersforsharks

.DDespitedecadesofresearch,disordersofthebrainhaveprovedespeciallydifficulttotreat.Thereisschizophrenia(精神分裂症),whichhasnotseenabreakthroughformo

rethan60years,sincethediscoveryofchlorpromazine—whichhappenedlargelybychance.Butthestoryofchlorpromazineoffersapowerfullesson:originallyanantihistam

ine(抗过敏药),itwasrepurposedasamedicineforschizophrenia.Asascientistwhohasstudiedschizophreniafordecades,Iamconvincedthatwecouldhavesimilarsuccess

eswithothermedicinesalreadyonourshelves.BecauseanexistingdrughasalreadypassedFoodandDrugAdministratio

ntests(FDA-approved),successfullyrepurposingitcouldtakelessthanhalfoftheestimated13yearsandsignificantlylessthan

theaverage$2-billionto$3-billioncostofdevelopingasingledrugfromnothing.ThethousandsofFDA-approveddrugsthusrepresentavastreso

urcethatcanpossiblybeadaptedtotargetanynumberofconditions.Butthispossibilityislargelyunexplored,inpa

rtbecausedrugcompaniesalwayshavetorestructuretheirResearchandDevelopment(R&D)programstolookatotherdiseases

.TherearealsothousandsofdrugsthatarenotFDA-approved.Whenacompanydiscontinuesdevelopmentofadrug,whateverresearchersknowislockedupintha

tcompany’sfilesandmightaswellbelost.Scientistsneedaccess(使用机会)tothisinformation.Ifthisinformationcouldbe

directedintoacentralizedresource,itwouldbegreatnews.Researcherscouldemploythelatesttoolsinbio-informatics,datascienceandmachinelearningtouncover

commonmolecular(分子的)themesamongorbetweendiseasesandpromisingdrugs.Yetmanydrugcompaniesarestillunwillingtor

evealanythingthatmightputtheircopyrightsatrisk.Evenacademicsmayhesitatetosharewithcompetinglaboratories.Tocopewiththis,organizationsliketheFDAmust

developmotivationsforsharingdata,suchasbycreatinglegalsafeguardsforprivacyandcommercialinterests.Thesemotivatio

nscouldthenopenthefloodgatesforeasy-to-use,openplatformsforefficientlysharingandminingdata.Thiswouldnothavebeenpos

siblefiveyearsago.Butnowisacriticalmoment,andwehaveneverbeenclosertorealbreakthroughs.Inmylab,wearetestingcertaincancerdrugsthatrestoresomeof

thebiologicalprocessesthataredisturbedinschizophrenia.Wewanttoseeifthedrugshavethesamerestorativefeaturesinthebrain

cellsofschizophreniapatients.Thisisaproofoftheideathatasystematicandstrategicapproachtodrugrepurposingcouldactuallymovetheneedle.The

reisnotimetowaste.Whatweneediscooperationfromdrugcompaniesandacademicscientistsalike—andaccesstothelifesavi

ngdatatheyhold.41.Whydoestheauthormentionchlorpromazineinthefirstparagraph?A.Tostressthedifficultyintreatingbraindisorders.B.Toexpla

inmedicalprogresscouldhappenbyluck.C.TointroduceamedicinebreakthroughinmedicalhistoryD.Toshowamedicineforacertainillnesscantr

eatanotherdisease.42.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Informationarisingfromdrugdevelopmentcanbewasted.B.Theund

evelopedfunctionsofpresentmedicinesareovervalued.C.WeshouldtreasureFDA-approveddrugsmorethantheunapproved.D.Studyingex

istingdrugsismorelikelytosucceedthandevelopingnewones.43.Asfordrugcompanies’beingunwillingtoshare,thea

uthoris_______.A.supportiveB.negativeC.understandingD.uncertain44.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.New

DrugsfromOldB.AccesstoLifesavingDataC.BetweenDrugCompaniesandScientists.D.BeforeandAfterMedicalBreakthroughs第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据

短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Formanypeople,beingconnectedinthedigitalworldisjustapartpfeverydaylife.However,therearemanytime

swhenyoumightwanttogiveupyourdigitaldevices.____45____Whatisadigitaldetox?Adigitaldetoxreferstoaperiodwhenapersonstopsusingtechd

evicessuchassmartphones,computers,andsocialmedia.Itisoftenseenasawaytofocusonreal-lifesocialinteractionsw

ithoutdisturbing.Thereareavarietyofformsofdetoxing.____46____Also,youcantryaspecificdetox—limitingtheuseofoneappordigitaltoolthatistaking

uptoomuchofyourtime.Whydoyouneedadigitaldetox?Manyexpertsbelievethattechanddeviceoverusecanleadtophysicalandmentalproblems

.OnestudypublishedonGlobalPediatricHealthsuggestedthatchildrenwhouseddigitaldevicesatbedtimehadsignificantlyworsean

dlesssleep.____47____Besides,heavydeviceusemayberelatedtomentalhealthconcerns.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofPenns

ylvaniarecentlypublishedastudylinkingtheuseofsocialmediatoincreasedstresslevelandsymptoms(症状)ofdepressionandloneliness.____48____Formanypeople,c

ompletelygivingupallformsofdigitalcommunicationmightnotbepossible,particularlythosewhodependonthemforworkorschool.So,thefirstkeyistoberealistic.Ifyo

uneedyourdevicesduringthedayforyourjob,trydoingamini-detoxatnight.____49____Anotherwayistoremovethingsthatdisturbyou.Trytoturnoffpushnotificat

ions(通知)onyourphoneorleaveyourphoneathomewhenyouarehavingdinnerwithfriends.Ofcourse,youcanalsotellyourfriendsandfamilythatyouareonadigita

ldetoxandaskfortheirhelp,orkeepajournaltotrackyourprogresstoensureamoresuccessfuldetox.A.Howdoyoudoadigitaldetox?B.Inthiscase,youmightaswelltryadi

gitaldetox.C.Whatarethekeystogivingupalldigitalcommunication?D.Italsofoundaconnectionbetweennighttimetechuseandeyesightproblem.E.Doingamini-detoxi

sonewaytosetlimitsandreduceyourfearofmissingout.F.Duringthattime,youcanturnoffyourdevicesandspendaneveningfreeofelect

ronics.G.Oneofthemisadigitalfast,whichmeansgivingupalldigitaldevicesforaperiodoftime.第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题;第50、51

题各2分，第52题3分，第53题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Nowadays,peoplearespendingmorehoursonwork.However,ta

kingsometimeoffisimportantforrefreshingyourselves.Ifyou’rehavingtroublemakingtimeforabreak,therecentresearchbytheUCLA’sAnde

rsonSchoolsuggeststhattreatingyourweekendslikeavacationcanmakeyouhappier.Thefindingsarebasedonaseries

ofexperiments.Inonestudyof441workers,halfofthetestsubjectswereinstructedtohaveanormalweekend,whiletheothershadto“treattheirweekendlikeavacation.”

ThenextMonday,theweekendvacationersreportedthattheyfelthappierandweregenerallymoresatisfiedthanthosewhohadhadanormalweekend.Thevacationersalsorepo

rtedtheyspentmoremoneyinvacationmode—about$130comparedto$104.Butitwasn’tthemoneythatboughtthemhappiness.Theresearcherscontrolledfort

heamountofmoneybothgroupscouldspend.Thevacationerswerestillhappierthantheoneswhohadexperiencedatypicalwee

kend.Thereasonthevacationapproachmayhaveworkedwonders:Thevacationmindsetallowspeopletobemoreattentivetothepresentmoment.“We’realwaystr

yingtogetthroughthingstocheckoffourto-dolistsandtreatingtheweekendlikeavacationpushesusoutofourcontinuous‘doing’mode,”saidCassieHolmes,ap

rofessoratUCLA’sAndersonSchool.Thestudyshowedthatgettingintoavacationmindsetduringtheweekendisrelativelyeasy.Evenifyoucan’tta

ketheentireweekend“off”,youcanmanagetostealapieceoftheweekendtogainthebenefitsofavacationmindset.50.WhatdoestheresearchoftheUCLA’sAndersonSchoolsug

gest?___________________________________________________________________________________________________51.Whymay

thevacationapproachhaveworkedwonders?____________________________________________________________________________________

_______________52.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Whentheresearchersc

ontrolledfortheamountofmoneybothgroupscouldspend,thevacationgroupwasunhappierthantheothergroup._________________________________________________

__________________________________________________53.Whatwouldyoudotogetintoavacationmindsetatweekends?Andexplainwhy.

(Inabout40words)___________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(20分)54.假

设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国朋友Jim被中文老师邀请去家里过除夕(ChineseNewYear’sEve)，他发来邮件询问相关信息。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：1.除夕活动；2.做客礼仪。注意：1.

词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,______________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________Yours,LiHua