【文档说明】北京市朝阳区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末质量检测英语试题 Word版无答案.docx，共(10)页，30.704 KB，由小赞的店铺上传

转载请保留链接：https://www.doc5u.com/view-4f3d3602507ec295efd4d1dc6c3c123b.html

以下为本文档部分文字说明：

北京市朝阳区2023~2024学年度第一学期期末质量检测高一英语(考试时间100分钟满分100分)本试卷共10页。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分知识运用(共三节，30分)第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共1

0分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Onawinterafternoon,afriendandIwerethrowingstonesontotheroofofanoldlady’shouse.Weaimedt

oseehowthestones___1___tofallingstarsastheyrolledofftheroofandshotintotheyard.Ifoundaperfectlysmoothrock.Itwastoosmooth,however,soit

slipped(滑落)frommyhandasIthrewitandit___2___forasmallwindowofthehouse.Hearingthesoundofbreakingglass,IknewIwas___3___.Iwastooscaredaboutgettingcaug

htthatnighttobe___4___abouttheoldladywiththebrokenwindowinsuchacoldwinter.However,afewdayslater,Istartedtofeelsorryfo

rher___5___.Shestillgreetedmeeachdaywithasmile.ImadeupmymindthatIwouldsavemypaperdeliverymoneytomakeupforwhatIdid.Finally,Imadeit.Iputthemoneyinane

nvelopewithanoteexplainingthatIwassorryforbreakingherwindowandhopedthatthesevendollarswouldbeenoughto___6___thecost

.Iwaiteduntilitwasdark.Iwentuptoherhouse___7___andputtheletterIdidn’tsigninherdoorinsecret.Atthatmoment,IfeltthatIcouldhavethe___8___,onceagain,t

olookintotheoldlady’skindeyes.Thenextday,Ihandedherthepaperandwasableto___9___herwarmsmile.Shethankedmeandga

vemeabagofcookies.Afterseveralcookies,Ifeltanenvelope.WhenIopenedit,Iwas____10____toseethesevendollarsa

ndashortnotethatsaid,“I’mproudofyou.”1.A.ranB.jumpedC.changedD.added2.A.waitedB.headedC.lookedD.called3.A.introubleB.intearsC.inreliefD.ind

anger4.A.nervousB.carefulC.seriousD.concerned5.AchallengeB.sufferingC.pressureD.sadness6.A.coverB.cutC.raiseD.count7.A.humblyB.

painfullyC.quietlyD.proudly8.ApatienceB.desireC.courageD.inspiration9.A.recordB.returnC.rewardD.realize10.A.eagerB.excitedC.stressedD.surp

rised第二节选词填空(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)阅读下面句子，根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的单词或词组，并使用其正确形式填空。duetobeaddictedtoliveuptoratherthanmakeanefforttakeadvantageofrepresenth

aveanimpactonenabledealwith11.Theredlinesonthemap______railways.12.Thismoneywould_____metoopenmyownbus

iness.13.Thesmokeintheairwas______awildfireinthenearbyforest.14.Youshould______thehotel’sgymandpoolwhileyou’rethere.15.One’sgeneralknowledgeabo

uthealth______theirlifestylechoices.16Tim______coffeeandcan’tdoanythinginthemorninguntilhe’shadsome.17.Thegirlhasfailedto______theproblemofhomesickne

sswhiletravelingabroad.18.Afterlosingthegame,he______tohidehisdisappointment,butweallsawitinhisface.19.We’veheardlotsofgoodnewsab

outtherestaurantanditsfood______ourexpectationtoo.20.______drivingaroundalldaylookingforplacestopark,whydon’tyoutakea

busintotown?第三节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)阅读下面句子，根据句子内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出...提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式琪空。21.Dr.Browni

saseniorprofessor________viewsarewidelyrespected.（用适当的词填空）22.Thelittlegirl______(cry)herheartoutbecauseshehadlosthertoybear.(所给词的适当形式填空

)23.Tomwasmyleaderandhepromisedthathe______(help)meifnecessary.(所给词的适当形式填空)24.Wewere______(amaze)toseeJohnlookingsowell,sosoonafterhisoper

ation.(所给词的适当形式填空)25.WhenIwenttopayhimavisitinthehospital,he______(examine)bythedoctor.(所给词的适当形式填空)26.Heimaginedallsortsof______(excite)thingsaboutst

udyingandlivingincollege.(所给词的适当形式填空)27.Afteraheateddiscussion,wecameupwiththeway______(solve)thefundingproblem.(所给词的适当形式填空)28.When

ababyisonemontholdinChina,aFullMoonceremony______(hold)tocelebrateit.(所给词的适当形式填空)29.Theywereimpressedbytheschools______theyhadvis

itedinthepoorvillageanddecidedtohelpthem.(用适当的词填空)30.Itisabigchallenge______(find)andkeeptherightbalancebetweenprogressandtheprotectionofculturalsite

s.(所给词的适当形式填空)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATePapaTongarewaTePapaTongare

waisthemuseumofart,science,andthenaturalhistoryofNewZealand.Thenametranslatesto“ourcontaineroftreasuredthingsandpeoplethatspring

frommotherearthhereinNewZealand”.TePapaisopeneverydayfrom10amto6pm,exceptonChristmasDay.Admissionisfreeforevery

one,butchargesapplytocertainexhibitionsandevents.·GuidedtoursIntroducingTePapaTourwillgiveyouagreatopportunitytound

erstandthevariousviewsandculturesyouwillmeetthroughoutNewZealand.TePapa@TwilightTourisanexcellentchoicetoa

voidthecrowdsanddiscoverTePapa’shighlightsasthesunbeginstoset.Youcandiscussourdiversenaturalenvironment,andthecontinuedg

rowthofMaoriculturewithaprivateguide.TakeajourneywithMaoriExperienceKinakiTour,todiscoverhowfirstpeoplesoft

helandhaveformeduniquefoodsprovidedbythenaturalworld.Thetourwillconcludewithasharedkai,traditionally-inspiredf

oodtasting.·PlananeducationvisitIfyouareaneducator,choosefromourrangeofeducationprogrammes.Eachcanbeadaptedtoyourneeds.Bothin-pers

onandvirtualvisitsareaccessible.Werecommendbookingatleasttwoweeksaheadoftime.Duringthevisit,werequireyoutobringadultstosuper

vise(管理)studentscloselyasyouareresponsiblefortheirsafety.Foodanddrinks(exceptbottledwater)arenotallowedine

xhibitionareasSchoolsarewelcometoeatlunchintheoutdoorcourtyard.Youmayalsochoosetobuylunchesfromourcaféandarewelco

metousecafespacetoeat.31.Accordingtothepassage,TePapaTongarewa______.A.showslocalcollectionsB.isfullofworldwidetreasuresC.hos

tsalltheeventsforfreeD.isopenthewholeyearround32.WhichtripofTePapaofferstypicaltraditionalfood?A.IntroducingTePapa

Tour.B.TePapa@TwilightTour.C.Aneducationprogramme.D.MaoriExperienceKinakiTour.33.ForaneducationvisittoT

ePapa_____.A.bookingaweekaheadisrequiredB.themuseumensuresstudents’safelyC.eatinginexhibitionareasisacceptedD.themuseumsupportspersonalizedserviceB

HanselEnmanuel,a19-year-oldbasketballplayer,hasdrawnattentionaftervideosspreadquicklyshowinghisawesom

eskills,likemaking3-pointshotsanddunking(灌篮)withease.Allwithjusthisrightarm.Itlooksalmosteffortlesswhenheplays.However,it’snot.I

tneverhasbeen.Enmanuelwas6whenhewasclimbingawall.Itfelloverhim,bricksandblocksonhisleftarm.Hewasrushedtothehospital,butthedoctor

couldn’tsavehisarmanditwascutoffseveralinchesbelowtheshoulder.ItwasadarktimeforEnmanuelandhisfamily.Slowlythingsgotbetterforthel

ittleboy.Hestillremembersthefirsttimehetiedhisshoes.Just7,Enmanuelwaswaitingforhismothertodoitforhim,butshewasbu

sycooking.“Iwaslike,nevermind,I’mgoingtostart,”hesaidinarecentinterview.“Itoldmyselfletmetry.Iwastrying.ThenImadeit.”“So

Iwasexcited,excitedlikecrazy,”headded.Smallthingsbecamehugevictories.Monthsafterthat,Enmanueltriedbask

etball,too.Butit’snotaneasypath..,Hismissingarmlefthimlackingbalance.Everytimehetriedtorun,he’dcrashtothegrou

nd,fallingondebris(碎片)coveredacrossthecourtsheplayedon.Thesefallslefthimwithnumerousscars(疤痕).Intheinterview,Enmanuelpointed

tothescarafterscardownthelengthoftheleg,remindersofahardtimethathasbroughthimtoexcellenceinbasketballskills.Enmanuelfirstdunke

dat14,anditwasn’tlongbeforehispopularitygrewwiththeviewsonhisvideos.Butitwasn’tthehighlightvideosthatinterestedhiscoach,Cor

eyGipson.HelikedEnmanuel’sattitudeandthewayhecarriedhimselfonthecourt.“Hanselisaverytoughperson,”Gipsonsaid.“Whenyouseehimonthef

loor,youjustseeanunstoppableforcethatdoesn’ttakeanythingforgranted(理所应当).”“I’mnotspecial,”Enmanuelsaid.“I’mnotdifferentthannobody.Theonlydiffe

renceisthatI’vegotonearm,butthat’snotdifferent.”34.WhatfirstencouragedEnmanueltorecoverfromtheaccident?A.Thehelpfromhisdoc

tor.B.Managingtotiehisshoes.C.Videosonhisshotsanddunking.D.Theattentionfromhismother.35.Enmanuelpointedtoscarsonhislegmainlytoshowhis______.A.succes

sB.healthC.effortsD.competence36.WhatinterestedEnmanuel’scoachmost?A.Hisresponsetodifficulties.B.Hisgreatsenseofbalance.C.H

isconfidenceonthecourt.D.Hispopularityonsocialmedia.37.Whatdoesthestoryintendtotellus?A.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.B.Don’tjudgeabookbyitsco

ver.C.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart.D.Youcanmakeadifferencebybeingdifferent.CEarlierfindingsabout

sharkshaveshownthattheycouldlearnskillsfromeachother.Recently,VeraSchluesselattheUniversityofBonninGermanyandhercolleagueshavedoneresearchonhowwell

12bamboosharkscouldrecognize(认出)differentnumbersofobjects.Eachsharkwasputinatrainingpoolwithpicturesoftwodifferentgr

oupsofgeometric(几何图形的)shapesprojectedontoawallTheteamthencycledthroughatleast40objectsofdifferentshapesandshadestoensurethes

harksweren’tsimplypickinguponthedarknessoftheobjectsortheareaofwalltheycovered.Aroundhalfthesharkslearn

edtoreliablypresstheirnoseagainsttheimagewiththemostobjects,afterwhichtheywererewardedwithfood.Thesesharksonlyseemedabletopickoutthebiggergroupif

itcontainedatleasttwomoreobjectsthanthesmallerone.Thismaybebecausethedifferencebetweensixandsevenfishorpredators(捕食者)isunimportantinthewild,s

aysSchluessel.Thereasonnotallthesharkslearnedhowtodothetaskcouldbethatthey,likeallanimals,havedifferencesinintelligence(智力).Sharksjoinagr

owingnumberofanimalsthathavebeendiscoveredtohavesimilarskillsatdistinguishingquantities,includingblackbears,guppiesandrhesusmonkeys.Inoneexperiment

,dogsandwolveswereabletoreliablypickthelargeroftwogroups.Butdogscouldonlydosowhenoneofthegroupshadfarmoreobjects.Somesharkspeciesareso

ciallearnersandcanperformataskinatankmorequicklyiftheywatchanothersharkthathasalreadybeentrainedtodoit.Thischall

engestheimageofsharksasmindless,solitarycreatures.Justlikehumans,sharkslearnfromtheirownexperiencesandfai

lures.Andjustaswedo,sharkscanlearnfromeachother’sexperiencestoo,saysCatarinaVilaPoucaatMacquarieUniversityinAustralia.“Beingabletole

arnfromothersisenormouslybeneficial.Notonlydoesitsavetime,butwatchinganothershark’ssuccessatfeedingorfailuretoescapepredatorscou

ldbeamatteroflifeordeath.”Schluesselandhercolleagueshavealsopreviouslyfoundthatbamboosharkshaveanadvancedabilitytorecognizecat

egories,suchassnailsorfish,enablingthemtogetatreatevenifpictureslookremarkablysimilar.Thisissimilartoourabilitytolookatagoldf

ishandasalmonandknowthattheyarethesametypeofthing,eventhoughoneis30timesthesizeoftheother.38.Whatcanwelearnaboutthe

sharksintherecentresearch?A.Theyaretrainedtorecognizetheshapes.B.Theyarecapableoftellingmorefromless.C.T

heycanidentifyobjectsduetotherewards.D.Theyarenobetterthandogsintellingnumbers.39.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“solitary”inParagraph4probabl

ymean?A.Selfish.B.Lonely.C.Risky.D.Lazy.40.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toshowhowsharkslearnfromeachother.B.Toexplainhowsharksandhuman

sarealike.C.Toprovethatsharksaresmarterthantheylook.D.Topresenttheimportanceofnumbersforsharks.DDespitedecadesofresearch,disordersofthebrainha

veprovedespeciallydifficulttotreat.Thereisschizophrenia(精神分裂症),whichhasnotseenabreakthroughformorethan60years,sincethediscovery

ofchlorpromazine—whichhappenedlargelybychance.Butthestoryofchlorpromazineoffersapowerfullesson:originallyanantihistamine(抗过敏药),itwasrepurpose

dasamedicineforschizophrenia.Asascientistwhohasstudiedschizophreniafordecades,Iamconvincedthatwecouldhavesimilarsuc

cesseswithothermedicinesalreadyonourshelves.BecauseanexistingdrughasalreadypassedFoodandDrugAdministrationtests(FDA-approved)

,successfullyrepurposingitcouldtakelessthanhalfoftheestimated13yearsandsignificantlylessthantheaverage$2-bill

ionto$3-billioncostofdevelopingasingledrugfromnothing.ThethousandsofFDA-approveddrugsthusrepresentava

stresourcethatcanpossiblybeadaptedtotargetanynumberofconditions.Butthispossibilityislargelyunexplored,inpartbecausedrugcompa

niesalwayshavetorestructuretheirResearchandDevelopment(R&D)programstolookatotherdiseases.Therearealsoth

ousandsofdrugsthatarenotFDA-approved.Whenacompanydiscontinuesdevelopmentofadrug,whateverresearchersknowislockedupinthatcompany’sfiles

andmightaswellbelost.Scientistsneedaccess(使用机会)tothisinformation.Ifthisinformationcouldbedirectedintoacentralizedres

ource,itwouldbegreatnews.Researcherscouldemploythelatesttoolsinbio-informatics,datascienceandmachinelearningtouncovercommonmolecular(分子的)the

mesamongorbetweendiseasesandpromisingdrugs.Yetmanydrugcompaniesarestillunwillingtorevealanythingthatmightputtheircopyrigh

tsatrisk.Evenacademicsmayhesitatetosharewithcompetinglaboratories.Tocopewiththis,organizationsliketheFDAmustdevelopmotivations

forsharingdata,suchasbycreatinglegalsafeguardsforprivacyandcommercialinterests.Thesemotivationscouldthenopen

thefloodgatesforeasy-to-use,openplatformsforefficientlysharingandminingdata.Thiswouldnothavebeenpossiblefiveyearsago.Butnowisacriticalmoment,andweh

aveneverbeenclosertorealbreakthroughs.Inmylab,wearetestingcertaincancerdrugsthatrestoresomeofthebiologicalprocessesthataredisturbedinschizophrenia.We

wanttoseeifthedrugshavethesamerestorativefeaturesinthebraincellsofschizophreniapatients.Thisisaproofoftheideathatasystematicandstrategicapp

roachtodrugrepurposingcouldactuallymovetheneedle.Thereisnotimetowaste.Whatweneediscooperationfromdrugcompaniesandacademicscien

tistsalike—andaccesstothelifesavingdatatheyhold.41.Whydoestheauthormentionchlorpromazineinthefirstparagraph?A.Tostressthedif

ficultyintreatingbraindisorders.B.Toexplainmedicalprogresscouldhappenbyluck.C.Tointroduceamedicinebreakthrou

ghinmedicalhistoryD.Toshowamedicineforacertainillnesscantreatanotherdisease.42.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A

.Informationarisingfromdrugdevelopmentcanbewasted.B.Theundevelopedfunctionsofpresentmedicinesareovervalued.C.WeshouldtreasureFDA-approveddr

ugsmorethantheunapproved.D.Studyingexistingdrugsismorelikelytosucceedthandevelopingnewones.43.Asfordrugcompanies’beingunwillingtos

hare,theauthoris_______.A.supportiveB.negativeC.understandingD.uncertain44.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.NewDrugsf

romOldB.AccesstoLifesavingDataC.BetweenDrugCompaniesandScientists.D.BeforeandAfterMedicalBreakthroughs第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白

处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Formanypeople,beingconnectedinthedigitalworldisjustapartpfeverydaylife.However,therearemanytimeswhenyoum

ightwanttogiveupyourdigitaldevices.____45____Whatisadigitaldetox?Adigitaldetoxreferstoaperiodwhenapersonstopsusingtechdevicessuchas

smartphones,computers,andsocialmedia.Itisoftenseenasawaytofocusonreal-lifesocialinteractionswithoutdis

turbing.Thereareavarietyofformsofdetoxing.____46____Also,youcantryaspecificdetox—limitingtheuseofoneappordigitaltoolt

hatistakinguptoomuchofyourtime.Whydoyouneedadigitaldetox?Manyexpertsbelievethattechanddeviceoverusecanleadtophysicalandmental

problems.OnestudypublishedonGlobalPediatricHealthsuggestedthatchildrenwhouseddigitaldevicesatbedtimehadsignificantlyworseandle

sssleep.____47____Besides,heavydeviceusemayberelatedtomentalhealthconcerns.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofPennsyl

vaniarecentlypublishedastudylinkingtheuseofsocialmediatoincreasedstresslevelandsymptoms(症状)ofdepressionandloneliness.____48____Formanypeople,compl

etelygivingupallformsofdigitalcommunicationmightnotbepossible,particularlythosewhodependonthemforworkorschool.S

o,thefirstkeyistoberealistic.Ifyouneedyourdevicesduringthedayforyourjob,trydoingamini-detoxatnight.____49____Anotherwayist

oremovethingsthatdisturbyou.Trytoturnoffpushnotifications(通知)onyourphoneorleaveyourphoneathomewhenyouarehavingdinnerwithfriends.Ofcours

e,youcanalsotellyourfriendsandfamilythatyouareonadigitaldetoxandaskfortheirhelp,orkeepajournaltotrack

yourprogresstoensureamoresuccessfuldetox.A.Howdoyoudoadigitaldetox?B.Inthiscase,youmightaswelltryadigitaldetox.C.Whatar

ethekeystogivingupalldigitalcommunication?D.Italsofoundaconnectionbetweennighttimetechuseandeyesightproblem.E.Doingamini-detoxisonewaytosetl

imitsandreduceyourfearofmissingout.F.Duringthattime,youcanturnoffyourdevicesandspendaneveningfreeofelectronics.G.Oneofthemisadigit

alfast,whichmeansgivingupalldigitaldevicesforaperiodoftime.第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题;第50、51题各2分，第52题3分，第53题5分

，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Nowadays,peoplearespendingmorehoursonwork.However,takingsometimeoff

isimportantforrefreshingyourselves.Ifyou’rehavingtroublemakingtimeforabreak,therecentresearchbytheUCLA’sAndersonSchoolsuggeststhattreatingy

ourweekendslikeavacationcanmakeyouhappier.Thefindingsarebasedonaseriesofexperiments.Inonestudyof441worke

rs,halfofthetestsubjectswereinstructedtohaveanormalweekend,whiletheothershadto“treattheirweekendlikeavacation.”ThenextMonday,theweek

endvacationersreportedthattheyfelthappierandweregenerallymoresatisfiedthanthosewhohadhadanormalweekend.Thevacationers

alsoreportedtheyspentmoremoneyinvacationmode—about$130comparedto$104.Butitwasn’tthemoneythatboughtthemhappiness.

Theresearcherscontrolledfortheamountofmoneybothgroupscouldspend.Thevacationerswerestillhappierthantheoneswhohadexperien

cedatypicalweekend.Thereasonthevacationapproachmayhaveworkedwonders:Thevacationmindsetallowspeopletobemoreattentivetothepresentmoment.“We’realwa

ystryingtogetthroughthingstocheckoffourto-dolistsandtreatingtheweekendlikeavacationpushesusoutofourcontinuo

us‘doing’mode,”saidCassieHolmes,aprofessoratUCLA’sAndersonSchool.Thestudyshowedthatgettingintoavacationmindsetduringth

eweekendisrelativelyeasy.Evenifyoucan’ttaketheentireweekend“off”,youcanmanagetostealapieceoftheweekendtogaintheben

efitsofavacationmindset.50.WhatdoestheresearchoftheUCLA’sAndersonSchoolsuggest?________________________________

___________________________________________________________________51.Whymaythevacationapproachhaveworkedwonders?____

_______________________________________________________________________________________________52.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthef

ollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Whentheresearcherscontrolledfortheamountofmoneybothgroupscouldspend,thevacationgrou

pwasunhappierthantheothergroup.___________________________________________________________________________________________________5

3.Whatwouldyoudotogetintoavacationmindsetatweekends?Andexplainwhy.(Inabout40words)__________________________________________________

_________________________________________________第二节(20分)54.假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国朋友Jim被中文老师邀请去家里过除夕(ChineseNewYear’sEve)，他发来邮件询问相关

信息。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：1.除夕活动；2.做客礼仪。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,_________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua