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华东师范大学附属东昌中学2021学年第二学期线上阶段质量检测英语试卷总分140I.ListeningComprehension(共25分；1-10每题1分；11-20每题1.5分)SectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillhe

artenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid

.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossiblea

nswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Interviewerandintervi

ewee.B.Clientandmechanic.C.Customerandshopassistant.D.Teacherandstudent.2.A.Atapetadoptioncenter.B.Inanapartment.C.Aheadofthe

twopeople.D.Atawatchshop.3.A.Shewasonatalentshow.B.Shefoundajobasaneditor.C.Shesteeredclearofpeople.D.Shewasofferedamagazine.4.A.Easy.B.Relieved.C.Fr

ustrated.D.Illustrative.5.A.30yuan.B.40yuan.C.1,200yuan.D.1,188yuan.6.A.Shecomplimentedthemanonexcellence.B.Shest

udiedinthesameschoolastheman.C.Shewonascholarshipinthemiddleschool.D.Shewasjealousoftheman’suniversity.7.A.Concerned.B.Confident.C.Indiffer

ent.D.Excited.8.A.Shehasmetsomeinterestingteachers.B.Sheisgoingtolearnabouttheuniverse.C.Sheisquiteinterestedina

rchitecture.D.Shewasdisappointedatherpreviouslife.9.A.Losingweightisalong-termprocess.B.Sheshouldgiveupexercising.C.Sheshouldtrysomeintense

exercise.D.Drinkingmorewaterishelpful.10.A.Shewasundefeatableinmaths.B.Shehadagoodappetiteafterthetest.C.Shedidn’tperformthatwell

later.D.Shewasquickinworkingoutmathsproblems.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation

,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butth

equestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebest

answertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Sticktothedreams.B.Turntoothe

rsforhelp.C.Receiveprofessionaltrainings.D.Quitandfindthetruedream.12A.Therestwillbetheblockontheirwaytosucces

s.B.Theymaysufferfromphysicalandmentalillnesses.C.Theyaregeneticallyprogrammedtopicktheproperjobs.D.

Theyareinspiredtofollowtheirheartinachievingsuccess.13.A.Dreamsarechangeableoverthecourseofone’slife.B.Findingthetruedreaminyourlife

helpsonesticktoit.C.Childrenshouldtakeapermissiveapproachtowardssuccess.D.Peoplecanbetrainedtodoanythi

ngregardlessofbackground.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Morepeopleenjoydiningoutattherestaurants.B.Moremill

ennials（千禧一代）tipthanbabyboomers.C.Thereisauniversalwaveoflosingweightnowadays.D.ThetraditionoftippingallinAmer

icaisdyingatpresent.15.A.Tipsareincludedintheirwages.B.Wemayrevisittherestaurant.C.Theyofferedexceptionalservic

es.D.Thereisadebateaboutfairness.16.A.Taxidrivers.B.Hotelworkers.C.Waitress.D.Fast-foodattendants.Questions17through20arebasedonth

efollowingconversation.17.A.Jeans.B.Linen（亚麻布）.C.Cotton.D.Fabric.18.A.Heisthecreatorofjeans.B.Itledtothefakeproducts..C.Itledtothepopularityof

jeans.D.Heappliedforapatentforjeans.19.A.Theyaredurableandwasheasily.B.Alotofsexandviolenceadswork.C.Theywinthefavorofmanywomenliberalist

s.D.Theyareinfluencedbycowboystyleandrebelliousspirit.20.A.Thehistoryofjeans.B.Thechangeofjeans.C.Theadvantagesofjean

s.D.ThecultureofwesternAmerican.II.GrammarandVocabulary(共20分，每题1分)SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepa

ssagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheoth

erblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.WhattosaytoarudepersonAsLordWinstontookatrainfromLondontoManchester,hefoundh

imselfbecomingsteadilyannoyed.Awomanhadpickedupherphoneandbeganaloudconversation,____1____wouldlastanunbelievablehour.Angry,Winstonbegantotakeherp

ictureandsentittohismorethan40,000followersontweeter.____2____thetrainarrivedatitsdestination,Winstongotoffandleftquickly.Butthepresswerewaitingfor

thewoman.WhenshowedtheLord’smessages,sheusedonewordtodescribeWinston’sactions:rude.Winston’staleissomethingofamicrocosmofourage(我们这个时代缩影)ofincreasi

ngrudeness,____3____(fuel)bysocialmedia(and,oftenpolitics).(在社交媒体（和经常还有政治）推动下越来越粗鲁)Whatcanwedotofixthis?Studies

haveshownthatrudenessspreadsquickly.Justwitnessingrudenessmakesitfarmorelikely____4____we,inturn,wil

lberudelateron.Onceinfected,wearemoreaggressive,____5____(creative)andworseatourjobs.Theonlywaytoendaconflictistocallitout,facetoface.

Wemustsay,“Juststop.”ForWinston,thatwouldhavemeant____6____(approach)thewoman,tellingherthatherconversationwasfrustratingotherpassengersandpol

itelyaskinghertospeakmorequietlyormakeacallatanothertime.(改天)Therageandinjusticewefeelattherudebehaviorofa

strangercandriveus____7____(do)oddthings.Theactsofrevengepeoplehadtaken____8____(range)fromtheridiculoustothedisturbing.Butwecandoi

twithgrace,byhandlingitwithoutatraceofaggressionandwithoutbeingrude____9____.Becauseoncerudepeoplecanseetheira

ctions_____10_____theeyesofothers,theyarefarmorelikelytoendthatconflictthemselves.(一旦粗鲁的人能通过他人的眼睛看到自己的行为，他们就极有可能自己结束冲突。)Asthistideofrudenes

srises,civilizationneedscivility.(礼貌)SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassageswiththewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonl

ybeusedonceandcanbecapitalized.Thereisoneextrawordwhichyoudon’tneed.A.advertisedB.creditC.equippedD.featuresE.participationF.p

resentG.priorityH.safeguardsI.seeminglyJ.reportedlyK.tappingAbreedofupstartappsistakingonaninternetfunctionthatmightseemunneededo

revenill-_____11_____:helpingteenstalktostrangers.Brandedas“socialdiscovery”services,theseappspitchthemselvesasalternativestooutlets

thatalreadyspecializeinonlineconnections,likeFacebookandInstagram.Theysaytheyarebetterathelpingyoungusersmeetlike-mindedpeopleoutsideth

eirexistingcircles.Andtheysaytheyhave_____12_____,suchasseparatingusersbyageandusingartificialintelligence,toprotectagainsttheinapp

ropriateorunsafebehaviorthathascausedproblemstopreviousattemptstoconnectyoungpeopleonline.Theirusernumberssuggestthat,whe

thertheysucceedinstrikingtherightbalance,appslikeYuboandHoopare_____13_____intoaneedamongteensand20-somethingsfornewwaystobranchouto

nline.“Thereisnoplacetodaytosocializeonline,”saysSachaLazimi,the26-year-oldFrenchco-founderofYubo,whichconnectsstrangerswithmessag

ingandlive-streaming.Itis_____14_____contrarytocommonsenseforanyonewhohasseenteenssendingSnapsrapidfiretotheirfrie

nds,respondingtovideosonTikTok,FaceTimingforhours,orusingInstagram.ButMr.Lazimithinksthoseplatformsallowfortoomuchpassive

_____15_____.“Snapchat,InstagramandTikTokareallaboutperformance,contentandindividualbehavior,”hesays.Yubo_____16_____aswip

inginterfacesimilartothatofTinder.ButMr.Lazimiinsistsitisnotadatingapp.Thepoint,hesays,istofacilitatecommunicationbetweenpeoplealloverthew

orldwhosharemutualinterests.Yuboisn’t_____17_____everywhereinthelivesofAmericanteensyet—andperhapsneve

rwillbe—butthecompanysaystheapphas25millionuserssignedup,withnearlyhalfofdailyusenowcomingfromAmerica.Butsomeoftheseappshavealsobeenthes

ubjectofsafetyconcerns.YubohasalsofaceditsOwnsafetychallenges.InFlorida,law-enforcementofficialssaytheyarrestedamanwho_____18_____l

ured(诱骗)ateenagerthroughYubo.Inastatement,Yubosaidthatthepreventionofchildabusehasbeenakey_____19_____for

thepastthreeyears.“Yuborecognizesitsresponsibilityinprotectingyoungpeopleusingitsserviceandhasgonefarbeyondmanyofthemainsoci

al-mediaservices.”“Howeveractuallyteensare______20______withmoretoprotectthemselvesthanexpected”,saysDr.Hinduja.“Theyaredoingsometh

ingtokeepthemselvessafeorwewouldhavestrikinglymorevictimizationthanwedo.”III.ReadingComprehension(共45分，41-55每题1分；56-70每题2分)SectionADirection

s:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,C,D.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Thenotionthatmoth

erscansimultaneouslynurturetheirchildrenandtheircareersisoftenseenasamodernphenomenon.____21____histo

ryisfullofmotherswhoreachedbeyondthehouse—courageouswomenwhoovercamesocietalbarriersandchangedtheworldforpeople____22____theirownchildr

en.The____23____forMother’sDay,AnnJarvis,wasasocialactivistandpioneerinthepublic-healthmovementintheU.S.Asa

motherJarvissufferedthelossofeightchildren.Determinedtocombatinfant____24____inthearea,JarvisbegantoorganizeMother’sDayworkclubstoprovideeducation,m

edicineandsupplies.AftertheCivilWarbegan,Jarvisstrivedforsoldiers’well-being.Jarvis’impactwassopowerfulthatsheinspiredh

erdaughterto____25____foranationalholidayhonoringmothers,formalizedin1914.Intheearly1900s,LillianGilbrethalsoraisedherchildrenaloneafter

herhusband’sdeath.Gilbrethwasawomanof____26____:firstwomantoreceivetheHooverMedalforsignificantpublicservicebyanengin

eer,firstfemalememberoftheSocietyofIndustrialEngineers,andfirstfemalepsychologistonaU.S.stamp.Heraccomplishme

ntsinpsychology,____27____andorganizationalmanagementweresovastsheisconsideredoneofthefoundersofindustrialengineering.

ShenotonlyadvisedsixsuccessiveU.S.presidents,butalsoimprovedsurgicaloperatingproceduresandinventedma

ny____28____appliances,fromrefrigeratordoorshelvestothepedal-operatedtrashcan.____29____massesofhistoricmilestones,theseresilientm

othersandsomanymorelikethem,arenotexactlyhouseholdnames.Theobstaclesthatkeepmanywomenfrom____30____ahappybalancebetweenworka

ndmotherhoodarereal.Butlackofawarenessofthewomenwhoovercamesuchobstacles,andbrokeawayfromtherolessociety____31____onwomen,is,parado

xically,anobstacletoo.____32____outimpressedbiasisoneofthemostchallengingaspectsofgenderequalityefforts.Weca

npasslawsanddemandreform,butchangingmindsetsismoresubtle.Mothersareuniquelydevotedto____33____that,change.OnthisMother’sDaythen,inadditiontohonori

ngthewomenwhohavehadanimpactonourlives____34____,let’stakeamomenttorecognizethe____35____mothersofhistory—thewomenwhosenameswemayno

trecognize,butwhoseimpactwefeeleventoday.21.A.InfactB.RatherC.AfterallD.Bynomeans22.A.inplaceofB.accordingtoC.duetoD.otherthan23.A.contextB.inspi

rationC.originD.innovation24.A.well-beingB.developmentC.fatalityD.nutrition25.A.campaignB.applyC.compensateD.engage2

6.A.improvementsB.promisesC.firstsD.ambitions27.A.sociologyB.industryC.publicserviceD.engineering28.A.kitchenB.officeC.domesticD.manual29.A.Inspiteo

fB.AswellasC.RegardlessofD.Bymeansof30.A.toppingB.keepingC.spottingD.affording31.A.basesB.focusesC.imposesD.emphasizes32.A.LayingB.R

ootingC.MappingD.Working33.A.drivingB.implementingC.reversingD.tackling34.A.repetitivelyB.impermanentlyC.personallyD.indifferently35.A.notoriousB.dis

tinguishedC.unparalleledD.lostSectionB(A)LiaThomas,astudentattheUniversityofPennsylvania,isanexcellentswimmer.Sheoftenbeatsherriva

lsbytensofseconds,breakingrecords.Hersuccessisbasedonthreethings.Oneisnaturaltalent.Anotherisrelentles

straining.Andthethirdisbiology.Foralthoughsheidentifiesasawoman,MsThomaswasbornmale.Sincehumanscannotchangetheirsex,

sheremainsthatway.Ontheeveofherbiggestcompetition,MsThomasfindsherselfatthecentreofthebad-tempereddebate

aboutwhethertrans-women--maleswhoidentifyaswomen--shouldcompeteinwomen’ssports.That,inturn,ispartofabro

aderargument:shouldbrutebiologicalfactssometimesoverridepeople’sdeeplyheldfeelingsabouttheiridentities?

Thisnewspaperbelievesitisalmostalwaysunfairtoallowtransgenderwomentocompeteinwomen’ssports.Theadvantagesofmalearesobigthatnoamountoftraining

ortalentcanenablefemaleathletestoovercomethem.FlorenceGriffithJoyner’s100-metreworldrecordhasstoodforthreedecades.Amalematchingitwou

ldnotevenmakeittotheOlympics,letalonethefinal.In2016,atanAmericaneventforhigh-schoolers,fouroftheeightboysinthe100-metrefinalr

anfaster.Sportsmustthereforechoosebetweeninclusionandfairness;andtheyshouldchoosefairplay.Thatdoesnotmeanthattrans-

womenwouldbebarredfromallsports.Onewaytomakethatclearwouldbetoreplacethe“men’s”and“women’s”categorieswith“open”and“female”o

nes.Thefirstwouldbeopentoallcomers.Thesecondwouldberestrictedonthebasisofbiology.Sportispublic,andresultscanbemeasuredobjectively.Thatmeanst

heargumentthatthematerialfactsofbiologyshouldsometimesoutrankaperson’ssubjectivesenseofidentityiseasiertomake.Someoftheseargum

entswillbetwistedbythosewhowishtrans-peopleill.Suchprejudiceexists,whichshouldberesisted,too.Mostofthetime,itcostslittleornothingtorespectpeople

’schoicesabouthowtheywishtopresentthemselves.Intherarecaseswhererightsclash,societymustweighthetrade-offssensit

ivelyandwithopeneyes.36.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonforLia’ssuccess?A.Sheisageniusinswimming.B.

Shedevotesherselftoswimmingaroundtheclock.C.Shehasundergonephysicalenhancementtailoredtoswimming.D.H

erphysicalfeaturesaffordheradvantages.37.Theunderlinedword“override”inparagraph2possiblymeans________.A.outwe

ighB.complicateC.dominateD.eliminate38.TheinstanceofFlorenceGriffithJoynerinParagraph3isintendedtodem

onstrate________.A.noamountoftrainingortalentcanenablefemaleathletestoovercometheiridentities.B.women’srecordspaleincomparisonwiththo

seofmalehigh-schoolers’.C.inthecaseoftrans-women,beinginclusiveshouldn’tmattermorethanfairness.Dthegenderphysicalgapwhichisnexttoimpossiblefor

femalestoconquer.39.Whichofthefollowingisapropertitleforthepassage?A.TheLegalRightsofTrans-womenB.TheBalancebetweenRespectandFairnessC.Transg

enderAthletesintheOlympicsD.HowtoAppropriatelyCategorizetheOlympics(B).MoreOn:GotogregIsomittingjobsfromaresumelying?-----

------------------Howtohandlestressatwork------------------------Howcanmenandwomenworkbettertogether?------------------------Howwillca

ncertreatmentaffectmyson’sresume?------------------------WhattodoifyoudranktoomuchatthecompanyholidaypartyLetter1January28,20

18|3:31pmIworkforane-commerceWebsite.Ifoneofourmerchandisershasaquestionorwantstomakeacorrection,theye-

mailtheentiredepartment.Inmyopinion,thisisrudeandunnecessary.Itseemstomethatmasse-mailisappropriateforgoodorneutralnews,ratherthanmakingacorrectio

n.Doyouagree?Moreover,ifyouweretherecipientofthecorrection,howwouldyourespond?Theonlypeoplewhoshouldbeincludedinane-mailarethosewho

needtoknoworrespond.Includingeveryoneisrudeandunprofessionalaswellasannoyingtorecipients.It’snotlikewedon’thaveenoughinourinboxalready.Idon

’tagreethate-mailisonlyforgoodorneutralnews,however.Sometimesyouneedtoalertpeopleorcreatearecordofbadnews.Butnooneshoul

dusee-mailtoblameotherpeople.Ifyou’vegotaproblemwithsomeone,pickupthephoneortakeitoutside(foracoffee,notafistfight…geez).Asforhowtor

espond,e-mailisusuallyineffectiveforresolvingconflict.Haveaconversationwiththesenderandexplainwhyhisorherapproachisn’tthebestandwhatyourecomm

end.Letter2January14,2018|9:24pmIt’sthestartofanewyearandIbelieveit’stimeforachange.What’sthebestwaytoexplaintoapros

pectiveemployerthatyouareinneedofsomethingnewwithoutseemingflightyandwithoutcomplainingaboutyourcurrentemployer?Thenewyearisa

sgoodatimeasanytotakestock,butnottheonlyreasonformakingachange.Atleast,that’snotwhatyoucommunicatetoaprospectiveemployer.Yourreasonforlookingf

oranewjobislessimportanttoyournewemployerthanwhyyouwanttoworkthere.Needingachangemightbethecatalyst(催化剂),butthejob

searchislikedating,andyouwouldn’tasksomeoneoutandexplainyou’rejustboredinyourcurrentrelationship,right?Atle

astIhopenot,otherwiseyou’relikelytobeaslonelyasBarryManilowsoundswhenhesings“It’sJustAnotherNewYear’sEve”.40.Whatisdiscussedinthefirstletter?A.H

owtoaskquestionsinapoliteway.B.Howtorespondtoafalsecharge.C.Howtomakeacorrectionatwork.D.Howtohandlerudemassemailsatwork.41.AccordingtoGreg,express

ingyourdissatisfactionwithyourpresentjobinaninterviewwouldbethesameas__________.A.talkingaboutyourfamilyissuesinpublicB.complain

ingaboutyourpriorpartneronafirstdateC.demonstratingyourqualificationstoyournewbossD.braggingaboutyour

experiencetoyourpartner42.Itcanbeinferredthat“gotogreg”mainlyoffersadviceonpeople’s__________.A.careerchoicesB.socialrelationsh

ipsC.workingproblemsD.healthproblems(C)It’salmostspring,thetimeofyearwhenthechangeinseasonscouldleadtos

omeprettyfascinatingcloudactivityinthesky.NASAandtheGLOBEProgramareinvitingyoutotakepartinacitizensciencecloudobserv

ationchallenge.TheGLOBEProgramisaninternationalscienceandeducationprogramthatprovidesstudentsandthepublicwiththeopportunitytoparticipateindatacolle

ctionandthescientificprocess.FromMarch15throughApril15,citizenscientistsofallagescanmakeupto10cloudobservationsperdayusingt

heGLOBEObserverapporoneoftheotherdataentryoptions(fortrainedGLOBEmembers).Challengeparticipantswiththemostobservationswillbecongra

tulatedbyaNASAscientistinavideopostedontheGLOBEProgram’swebsiteandonsocialmedia.“TheGLOBEProgramisofferingthischallengetoshowpeop

lehowimportantitistoNASAtohavecitizenscientistobservations:observationsfromthegroundup,”saidMarileColonRobles,leadfortheGLOBECloudsteamatNASA’sLan

gleyResearchCenterinHampton,Virginia.“We’regoingfromwintertospring,sothetypesofstormswillchange,whichwillalsochangethetypesofclouds.Resea

rchersuse,andvalue,thiscitizenscienceclouddatabecauseithelpstovalidatedatafromEarth-observinginstruments.Scientistsa

tLangleyworkwithasetofsixinstrumentsknownastheCloudsandtheEarth’sRadiantEnergySystem(CERES)EventhoughCERES’instrumentsuseadvancedtec

hnology,itisnotalwayseasyforresearcherstopositivelyidentifyalltypesofcloudsintheirimages.Forexample,itcanbedifficulttodifferthin,w

ispycirrusclouds(细小的卷云)fromsnowsincebotharecoldandbright;evenmoresowhencirruscloudsareaboveasurfacewithpatchysno

w(片状雪)orsnowcover.Onesolutiontothisproblemistolookatsatelliteimagesfromaparticularareaandcomparethemtodatasubmittedby

citizenscientistsontheground.“Lookingatwhatanobserverrecordedascloudsandlookingattheirsurfaceobservationsreallyhelpsusbetterunderstandtheimagestha

twerematchedfromthesatellite,”saidColonRobles.Youdon’thavetobeacloud-gazingprofessionaltoparticipate.Forthosewhowanttobepartofthech

allengebutdon’thavealotofexperienceidentifyingclouds,ColonRoblesoffersthefollowingadvice:“Justgooutside.”Themorecloudsyouobser

ve,shesaid,themorecomfortableyou’llbecollectingdata.43.Whydoresearcherslaunchthecloudobservationchallenge?A.TheGLOBE

Programisbadlyshortofhands.B.ThetechnologyCERESusesisnotthatadvancedC.Scientistscancomparedatafromdifferentinstruments.D.Cirruscloudsaredifficult

toidentifywhenwithsnowcover44.Theunderlinedword“validate”isclosestinmeaningto_________.A.createB.cancelC.c

ountD.confirm45.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.CitizenobserverscanonlysubmittheirdatabymeansofanappB.Observerssubmittingthemo

stobservationscangetaspecialprizeC.ObservationsfromthegroundarenotasvaluableassatelliteimagesD.Thedatacollectedbycit

izenscientistswillbepostedonsocialmedia46.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?ANASAEmploysNewmembersB.CloudActiviti

esBringaNewChallengeCCitizensGainExperiencethroughObservationD.ProfessionalsTeachYoutoObserveCloudsSectionCDirections:Readthef

ollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomores

entencesthanyouneed.ExerciseforaBetterBrainMostofthetime,yourbrainisthebossofyourmuscles--directinghowyouhitaball,playthepiano,oropenacerealbox.___

_47____Whenyou’reactive,theysendchemicalsignalstellingyourbrain,“Hey,it’stimetogrow!”Recentresearchsuggestsphysicalac

tivityhasmultiplebrainbenefits,encouragingthebirthandgrowthofnewbraincellsthatsupplyoxygenandbloodsugartobraincells.Ina

2016NationalInstituteonAgingstudy,peoplewhoranonatreadmillfor45minutesthreedaysaweekboostedtheirlevelsofabrain

-derivedneurotropic(神经营养的)factor,achemicalthatactslikefertilizerfornewbraincells.____48____Withoutexercise,Suzukisays,“

littlebabyneuronsdon’tgetbiggerandmakethousandsofnewconnectionstootherbraincells.Withexercise,yougetfullyfunctionin

gadultbraincells.”Studiessuggestthatinyoungeradults,thiscanaddtotheoverallnumberofcellsinthehippocampus(海马体).____49____It’sagooddeal.“Th

ere’sevidencethesenewbraincellsareveryactive,”shesays.“They’reexcitableliketeenagers.Theygetinvolvedinmorememorycircuitsthanoldercellsdo.Yougetmoreco

nnections.”____50____Ifyou’reinactive,astrollaroundtheblockmaybeallittakestoencourageneuroplasticity,shesays.Andeverybitcounts.Ina2019BostonUniversit

ystudyof2354adultsintheir40sthrough60s,sedentarypeoplewhoboostedtheirdailywalkingby7500stepsormorehadbiggerbrainsthanthosewhodidn’texerci

se--equivalentto1.4to2.2feweryearsofbrainaging.Themorelightactivitystudyparticipantslogged,suchasdoing..housework,shopping,gardening,orwalkingthedo

g,thegreatertheoverallsizeoftheirbrains.A.Again,alittlegoesalongway.B.Tipshavebeenofferedastohowtoproperlyexercise.C.Afterfourmonthsofwo

rkouts,theirscoresimprovedonamemorytest.D.Studieshavesuggestedthatdyingcellsandbrainwastecanbeclearedwitheno

ughexerciseonaregularbasis.E.Butwhenitcomestogrowingnewbraincells,moreandmoreresearchshowsthatwhenyouex

ercise,yourmusclestakecharge.F.Andonceage-relatedbrainchangesbegin,startinginour30s,exercisehelpskeepbrain

cellsalivelongerandreplacesoldcellswithnewones.IV.SummaryWriting(共10分)51.Directions:Readthefollowingp

assage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.EffectsofAcidRainAfterstudyi

ngtheHubbardBrookForestandotherareas,researchersfoundseveralimportanteffectsofaciddeposition,morecommonlyreferredtoasacidrain,onbothnat

uralandman-madeenvironments.Aquatic(水生的)settingsarethemostclearlyaffectedbecauseacidicprecipitationfallsdirectl

yintothem.Asthisacidicliquidflowsintolargerbodiesofwater,itisdiluted(稀释).However,overtime,acidscanincreaseandlowertheoverallpHofthebodyofwat

er.Aciddepositionalsocausesclaysoilstoreleasealuminumandmagnesium,furtherloweringthepHinsomeareas.IfthepHofalakedropsbel

ow4.8,itsplantsandanimalsriskdeath.Itisestimatedthataround50,000lakesintheUnitedStatesandCanadahaveapHbelownor

mal(about5.3forwater).SeveralhundredofthesehaveapHtoolowtosupportanyaquaticlife.Asidefromaquaticbodies,aciddepositioncansignificantlyaffe

ctforests.Asacidrainfallsontreesitcanmakethemlosetheirleaves,damagetheirbark,andstunttheirgrowth.Bydamagin

gthesepartsofthetree,itmakesthemvulnerabletodisease,extremeweatherandinsects.Damagetoforestsbyacidrainisseenallovertheworl

d,butthemostadvancedcasesareinEasternEurope.HalfoftheforestsinGermanyandPolandandabout30percentinSwitzerland,areestimatedtohavebeendamaged.

Finally,aciddepositionalsohasaneffectonarchitectureandartbecauseofitsabilitytocorrodecertainmaterials.Asaci

dlandsonbuildings(especiallythoseconstructedwithlimestone),itreactswithmineralsinthestones,sometimescausingthemtodisintegrateandwashaway

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_____________________________________V.Translation(共15分，3+3+4+5)Directions:Translatethefollowingsentenceswiththegivenwords.52.品种各异的芒果是

热带地区所特有的。(peculiar)（汉译英）53.请确保所有检测结果阳性的人们都将得到恰当的治疗。(see)（汉译英）54.这位受学生青睐的老师刚完成线上课堂教学就投入到社区志愿服务工作中去了。(Scarcely)（汉译英）55.疫情期间，造谣或

传谣之人必须知道“玩火者必自焚”，所以改正错误才是免于惩罚的唯一办法。(epidemic)（汉译英）VI.GuidedWriting(共25分)56.Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsacc

ordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，你校门口的道路每天上学和放学时间都是非常拥挤，来接送学生的车辆不仅造成了道路拥堵，也带了安全隐患，你决定就此事写一封邮件给学校相关部门，内容包

括：1.简单描述校门口道路的交通状况及带来的问题；2.提出解决这一问题的方法，并说明理由。获得更多资源请扫码加入享学资源网微信公众号www.xiangxue100.com