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华东师范大学附属东昌中学2021学年第二学期线上阶段质量检测英语试卷总分140I.ListeningComprehension(共25分；1-10每题1分；11-20每题1.5分)SectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheart

enshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequesti

onswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestansw

ertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Interviewerandinterviewee.B.Clientandmechanic.C.Customerandshopassistant.D.Teacherandstudent.2.

A.Atapetadoptioncenter.B.Inanapartment.C.Aheadofthetwopeople.D.Atawatchshop.3.A.Shewasonatalentshow.B.Shefoundajobasaneditor.C.Sheste

eredclearofpeople.D.Shewasofferedamagazine.4.A.Easy.B.Relieved.C.Frustrated.D.Illustrative.5.A.30yuan.B.40yuan.C.1,200yuan.D.1,188yuan.6.A.S

hecomplimentedthemanonexcellence.B.Shestudiedinthesameschoolastheman.C.Shewonascholarshipinthemiddleschool.D.Shewasjealousoftheman’suniversity.7.A

.Concerned.B.Confident.C.Indifferent.D.Excited.8.A.Shehasmetsomeinterestingteachers.B.Sheisgoingtolearnabouttheuniverse.C.Sheisquitein

terestedinarchitecture.D.Shewasdisappointedatherpreviouslife.9.A.Losingweightisalong-termprocess.B.Sheshouldgiveupexerci

sing.C.Sheshouldtrysomeintenseexercise.D.Drinkingmorewaterishelpful.10.A.Shewasundefeatableinmaths.B.Shehadagoodappetiteafterthetest.C.Shedidn’tpe

rformthatwelllater.D.Shewasquickinworkingoutmathsproblems.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andy

ouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.

Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhavehea

rd.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Sticktothedreams.B.Turntoothersforhelp.C.R

eceiveprofessionaltrainings.D.Quitandfindthetruedream.12A.Therestwillbetheblockontheirwaytosuccess.B.The

ymaysufferfromphysicalandmentalillnesses.C.Theyaregeneticallyprogrammedtopicktheproperjobs.D.Theyareinspiredto

followtheirheartinachievingsuccess.13.A.Dreamsarechangeableoverthecourseofone’slife.B.Findingthetruedream

inyourlifehelpsonesticktoit.C.Childrenshouldtakeapermissiveapproachtowardssuccess.D.Peoplecanbetrainedtodoanythingregardlessofbackgr

ound.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Morepeopleenjoydiningoutattherestaurants.B.Mor

emillennials（千禧一代）tipthanbabyboomers.C.Thereisauniversalwaveoflosingweightnowadays.D.ThetraditionoftippingallinAmerica

isdyingatpresent.15.A.Tipsareincludedintheirwages.B.Wemayrevisittherestaurant.C.Theyofferedexceptionalservices.D.Thereisadeba

teaboutfairness.16.A.Taxidrivers.B.Hotelworkers.C.Waitress.D.Fast-foodattendants.Questions17through20arebasedo

nthefollowingconversation.17.A.Jeans.B.Linen（亚麻布）.C.Cotton.D.Fabric.18.A.Heisthecreatorofjeans.B.Itledtothefakeproducts..C.

Itledtothepopularityofjeans.D.Heappliedforapatentforjeans.19.A.Theyaredurableandwasheasily.B.Alotofsexandviolenceadswork.C.Theywinthefavorof

manywomenliberalists.D.Theyareinfluencedbycowboystyleandrebelliousspirit.20.A.Thehistoryofjeans.B.Thechangeofj

eans.C.Theadvantagesofjeans.D.ThecultureofwesternAmerican.II.GrammarandVocabulary(共20分，每题1分)SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassag

ebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwith

theproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.WhattosaytoarudepersonAsLordWinstontookatrainfromLondontoManchest

er,hefoundhimselfbecomingsteadilyannoyed.Awomanhadpickedupherphoneandbeganaloudconversation,____1____wouldlastan

unbelievablehour.Angry,Winstonbegantotakeherpictureandsentittohismorethan40,000followersontweeter.____2____thetraina

rrivedatitsdestination,Winstongotoffandleftquickly.Butthepresswerewaitingforthewoman.WhenshowedtheLord’smessages,sheusedonewordtod

escribeWinston’sactions:rude.Winston’staleissomethingofamicrocosmofourage(我们这个时代缩影)ofincreasingrudenes

s,____3____(fuel)bysocialmedia(and,oftenpolitics).(在社交媒体（和经常还有政治）推动下越来越粗鲁)Whatcanwedotofixthis?Studieshaveshow

nthatrudenessspreadsquickly.Justwitnessingrudenessmakesitfarmorelikely____4____we,inturn,willberudelateron.Onceinfected,we

aremoreaggressive,____5____(creative)andworseatourjobs.Theonlywaytoendaconflictistocallitout,facetoface.W

emustsay,“Juststop.”ForWinston,thatwouldhavemeant____6____(approach)thewoman,tellingherthatherconversationwasfrustratingotherpassenge

rsandpolitelyaskinghertospeakmorequietlyormakeacallatanothertime.(改天)Therageandinjusticewefeelattherudebehaviorofastr

angercandriveus____7____(do)oddthings.Theactsofrevengepeoplehadtaken____8____(range)fromtheridiculousto

thedisturbing.Butwecandoitwithgrace,byhandlingitwithoutatraceofaggressionandwithoutbeingrude____9____.Becau

seoncerudepeoplecanseetheiractions_____10_____theeyesofothers,theyarefarmorelikelytoendthatconflictthemselves.(一旦粗鲁的人能通

过他人的眼睛看到自己的行为，他们就极有可能自己结束冲突。)Asthistideofrudenessrises,civilizationneedscivility.(礼貌)SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassageswit

hthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonceandcanbecapitalized.Thereisoneextrawordwhichyoudon’tneed.A.advertisedB.creditC.equippedD.fea

turesE.participationF.presentG.priorityH.safeguardsI.seeminglyJ.reportedlyK.tappingAbreedofupstartappsistakingonaninternetfunctionthatmigh

tseemunneededorevenill-_____11_____:helpingteenstalktostrangers.Brandedas“socialdiscovery”services,theseappspitchthemselvesasalternativestooutle

tsthatalreadyspecializeinonlineconnections,likeFacebookandInstagram.Theysaytheyarebetterathelpingyoun

gusersmeetlike-mindedpeopleoutsidetheirexistingcircles.Andtheysaytheyhave_____12_____,suchasseparatingusersbyageandusingartificialintelligence,top

rotectagainsttheinappropriateorunsafebehaviorthathascausedproblemstopreviousattemptstoconnectyoungpeopleonline.Theirusernumberssugg

estthat,whethertheysucceedinstrikingtherightbalance,appslikeYuboandHoopare_____13_____intoaneedamongteensand20-somethingsfor

newwaystobranchoutonline.“Thereisnoplacetodaytosocializeonline,”saysSachaLazimi,the26-year-oldFrenchco-founderofYubo

,whichconnectsstrangerswithmessagingandlive-streaming.Itis_____14_____contrarytocommonsenseforanyonewhohasseenteenssendingSnapsrapidfiret

otheirfriends,respondingtovideosonTikTok,FaceTimingforhours,orusingInstagram.ButMr.Lazimithinksthoseplatformsallowfortoomuchpassive____

_15_____.“Snapchat,InstagramandTikTokareallaboutperformance,contentandindividualbehavior,”hesays.Yubo_____16_____asw

ipinginterfacesimilartothatofTinder.ButMr.Lazimiinsistsitisnotadatingapp.Thepoint,hesays,istofacilitatecommunicationbetweenpeoplealloverthewo

rldwhosharemutualinterests.Yuboisn’t_____17_____everywhereinthelivesofAmericanteensyet—andperhapsneve

rwillbe—butthecompanysaystheapphas25millionuserssignedup,withnearlyhalfofdailyusenowcomingfromAmerica.Butsomeoftheseappshavealsobeen

thesubjectofsafetyconcerns.YubohasalsofaceditsOwnsafetychallenges.InFlorida,law-enforcementofficialssayt

heyarrestedamanwho_____18_____lured(诱骗)ateenagerthroughYubo.Inastatement,Yubosaidthatthepreventionofchildabusehasbeena

key_____19_____forthepastthreeyears.“Yuborecognizesitsresponsibilityinprotectingyoungpeopleusingitsserviceandhasgonefarbeyondmanyofth

emainsocial-mediaservices.”“Howeveractuallyteensare______20______withmoretoprotectthemselvesthanexpected”,saysDr.Hinduja.“Theyaredoingsomet

hingtokeepthemselvessafeorwewouldhavestrikinglymorevictimizationthanwedo.”III.ReadingComprehension(共45分，41-55每题1分；5

6-70每题2分)SectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,C,D.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphraseth

atbestfitsthecontext.Thenotionthatmotherscansimultaneouslynurturetheirchildrenandtheircareersisoftenseen

asamodernphenomenon.____21____historyisfullofmotherswhoreachedbeyondthehouse—courageouswomenwhoovercamesocietalbarrier

sandchangedtheworldforpeople____22____theirownchildren.The____23____forMother’sDay,AnnJarvis,wasasocial

activistandpioneerinthepublic-healthmovementintheU.S.AsamotherJarvissufferedthelossofeightchildren.Determinedtocombatinfant___

_24____inthearea,JarvisbegantoorganizeMother’sDayworkclubstoprovideeducation,medicineandsupplies.AftertheCivilWarbegan,Jarvisstrived

forsoldiers’well-being.Jarvis’impactwassopowerfulthatsheinspiredherdaughterto____25____foranationalholi

dayhonoringmothers,formalizedin1914.Intheearly1900s,LillianGilbrethalsoraisedherchildrenaloneafterherhusband’sdeath.Gilbrethwas

awomanof____26____:firstwomantoreceivetheHooverMedalforsignificantpublicservicebyanengineer,firstfemalemembe

roftheSocietyofIndustrialEngineers,andfirstfemalepsychologistonaU.S.stamp.Heraccomplishmentsinpsychology,____27__

__andorganizationalmanagementweresovastsheisconsideredoneofthefoundersofindustrialengineering.Shenotonlyadvisedsixsucces

siveU.S.presidents,butalsoimprovedsurgicaloperatingproceduresandinventedmany____28____appliances,fromrefri

geratordoorshelvestothepedal-operatedtrashcan.____29____massesofhistoricmilestones,theseresilientmothersandsomanymorelikethem,

arenotexactlyhouseholdnames.Theobstaclesthatkeepmanywomenfrom____30____ahappybalancebetweenworkandmotherhoodarereal.Butlackof

awarenessofthewomenwhoovercamesuchobstacles,andbrokeawayfromtherolessociety____31____onwomen,is,paradoxicall

y,anobstacletoo.____32____outimpressedbiasisoneofthemostchallengingaspectsofgenderequalityefforts.Wecanpasslawsand

demandreform,butchangingmindsetsismoresubtle.Mothersareuniquelydevotedto____33____that,change.OnthisMot

her’sDaythen,inadditiontohonoringthewomenwhohavehadanimpactonourlives____34____,let’stakeamomenttorecognizet

he____35____mothersofhistory—thewomenwhosenameswemaynotrecognize,butwhoseimpactwefeeleventoday.21.A.InfactB.RatherC.Af

terallD.Bynomeans22.A.inplaceofB.accordingtoC.duetoD.otherthan23.A.contextB.inspirationC.originD.innovation24.A.well-beingB.developme

ntC.fatalityD.nutrition25.A.campaignB.applyC.compensateD.engage26.A.improvementsB.promisesC.firstsD.ambitions27.A.sociologyB.industryC.publi

cserviceD.engineering28.A.kitchenB.officeC.domesticD.manual29.A.InspiteofB.AswellasC.RegardlessofD.Bymeansof30.A.toppin

gB.keepingC.spottingD.affording31.A.basesB.focusesC.imposesD.emphasizes32.A.LayingB.RootingC.MappingD.Working33.A.drivingB.im

plementingC.reversingD.tackling34.A.repetitivelyB.impermanentlyC.personallyD.indifferently35.A.notoriousB.distinguishedC.u

nparalleledD.lostSectionB(A)LiaThomas,astudentattheUniversityofPennsylvania,isanexcellentswimmer.Sheoftenbeatsherrivalsbytensofseconds,b

reakingrecords.Hersuccessisbasedonthreethings.Oneisnaturaltalent.Anotherisrelentlesstraining.Andthethir

disbiology.Foralthoughsheidentifiesasawoman,MsThomaswasbornmale.Sincehumanscannotchangetheirsex,sheremainsthatway.Ontheeveofherbiggestco

mpetition,MsThomasfindsherselfatthecentreofthebad-tempereddebateaboutwhethertrans-women--maleswhoidentifyaswome

n--shouldcompeteinwomen’ssports.That,inturn,ispartofabroaderargument:shouldbrutebiologicalfactssometimesoverridepeople’

sdeeplyheldfeelingsabouttheiridentities?Thisnewspaperbelievesitisalmostalwaysunfairtoallowtransgenderwomentocompeteinwomen’ssports.Theadvantag

esofmalearesobigthatnoamountoftrainingortalentcanenablefemaleathletestoovercomethem.FlorenceGriffithJoyner’s100-metreworldrecordhass

toodforthreedecades.AmalematchingitwouldnotevenmakeittotheOlympics,letalonethefinal.In2016,atanAmericaneventforhigh-schoole

rs,fouroftheeightboysinthe100-metrefinalranfaster.Sportsmustthereforechoosebetweeninclusionandfairness;andthey

shouldchoosefairplay.Thatdoesnotmeanthattrans-womenwouldbebarredfromallsports.Onewaytomakethatclearwouldbetoreplaceth

e“men’s”and“women’s”categorieswith“open”and“female”ones.Thefirstwouldbeopentoallcomers.Thesecondwouldberestrictedonthebasisofbiology.Spo

rtispublic,andresultscanbemeasuredobjectively.Thatmeanstheargumentthatthematerialfactsofbiologyshouldsometimesoutrankaperson’ssubjective

senseofidentityiseasiertomake.Someoftheseargumentswillbetwistedbythosewhowishtrans-peopleill.Suchprejudiceexists,whichshouldberes

isted,too.Mostofthetime,itcostslittleornothingtorespectpeople’schoicesabouthowtheywishtopresentthemselves.Intherarecaseswhererights

clash,societymustweighthetrade-offssensitivelyandwithopeneyes.36.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonforLia’ssuccess?A.Sheisageniusi

nswimming.B.Shedevotesherselftoswimmingaroundtheclock.C.Shehasundergonephysicalenhancementtailoredtoswimming.D.Herphysicalfeaturesa

ffordheradvantages.37.Theunderlinedword“override”inparagraph2possiblymeans________.A.outweighB.complicateC.dominateD.eliminate38.Theinstanceof

FlorenceGriffithJoynerinParagraph3isintendedtodemonstrate________.A.noamountoftrainingortalentcanenablefema

leathletestoovercometheiridentities.B.women’srecordspaleincomparisonwiththoseofmalehigh-schoolers’.C.inthecaseoftrans-women,beinginclusiveshould

n’tmattermorethanfairness.Dthegenderphysicalgapwhichisnexttoimpossibleforfemalestoconquer.39.Whichofthefollowingisapropertitleforth

epassage?A.TheLegalRightsofTrans-womenB.TheBalancebetweenRespectandFairnessC.TransgenderAthletesintheOlympicsD.HowtoAppropriatelyCategorizetheOlympi

cs(B).MoreOn:GotogregIsomittingjobsfromaresumelying?-----------------------Howtohandlestressatwork------------------------Howcanmenandwomenworkbett

ertogether?------------------------Howwillcancertreatmentaffectmyson’sresume?------------------------Whattodoifyoudranktoomuc

hatthecompanyholidaypartyLetter1January28,2018|3:31pmIworkforane-commerceWebsite.Ifoneofourmerchandisershasaquestionorwantstomakeacorrection

,theye-mailtheentiredepartment.Inmyopinion,thisisrudeandunnecessary.Itseemstomethatmasse-mailisappropriateforgoodorneutra

lnews,ratherthanmakingacorrection.Doyouagree?Moreover,ifyouweretherecipientofthecorrection,howwouldyourespond?Theonlypeoplewhosho

uldbeincludedinane-mailarethosewhoneedtoknoworrespond.Includingeveryoneisrudeandunprofessionalaswellasa

nnoyingtorecipients.It’snotlikewedon’thaveenoughinourinboxalready.Idon’tagreethate-mailisonlyforgoodorneutralnews,

however.Sometimesyouneedtoalertpeopleorcreatearecordofbadnews.Butnooneshouldusee-mailtoblameotherpeople.Ifyou’vegotaproblemwithsomeone,pic

kupthephoneortakeitoutside(foracoffee,notafistfight…geez).Asforhowtorespond,e-mailisusuallyineffectiveforresolvingconflict.Haveaconversationwit

hthesenderandexplainwhyhisorherapproachisn’tthebestandwhatyourecommend.Letter2January14,2018|9:24pmIt’sthestartofanewyearandIbe

lieveit’stimeforachange.What’sthebestwaytoexplaintoaprospectiveemployerthatyouareinneedofsomethingnewwithoutseemingflightyandwithoutcom

plainingaboutyourcurrentemployer?Thenewyearisasgoodatimeasanytotakestock,butnottheonlyreasonformakingachange.Atleast,tha

t’snotwhatyoucommunicatetoaprospectiveemployer.Yourreasonforlookingforanewjobislessimportanttoyournewemployerthanwhyyouwanttoworkthere.Nee

dingachangemightbethecatalyst(催化剂),butthejobsearchislikedating,andyouwouldn’tasksomeoneoutandexplainyou’rejustboredinyourcurrentrelations

hip,right?AtleastIhopenot,otherwiseyou’relikelytobeaslonelyasBarryManilowsoundswhenhesings“It’sJustAnotherNewYear’sEve”.40.Whatisdiscussedinthefirstl

etter?A.Howtoaskquestionsinapoliteway.B.Howtorespondtoafalsecharge.C.Howtomakeacorrectionatwork.D.Howtohan

dlerudemassemailsatwork.41.AccordingtoGreg,expressingyourdissatisfactionwithyourpresentjobinaninterviewwouldbethesa

meas__________.A.talkingaboutyourfamilyissuesinpublicB.complainingaboutyourpriorpartneronafirstdateC.demonstra

tingyourqualificationstoyournewbossD.braggingaboutyourexperiencetoyourpartner42.Itcanbeinferredthat“gotogreg”mainlyoffers

adviceonpeople’s__________.A.careerchoicesB.socialrelationshipsC.workingproblemsD.healthproblems(C)It’salmostspring,thetimeofyearwhenthe

changeinseasonscouldleadtosomeprettyfascinatingcloudactivityinthesky.NASAandtheGLOBEProgramareinvitingyou

totakepartinacitizensciencecloudobservationchallenge.TheGLOBEProgramisaninternationalscienceandeducatio

nprogramthatprovidesstudentsandthepublicwiththeopportunitytoparticipateindatacollectionandthescientificprocess.FromMarch15throughApril15,ci

tizenscientistsofallagescanmakeupto10cloudobservationsperdayusingtheGLOBEObserverapporoneoftheotherdataentryoptions(fortrained

GLOBEmembers).ChallengeparticipantswiththemostobservationswillbecongratulatedbyaNASAscientistinavideopostedontheGLOBEProgram’swebsiteando

nsocialmedia.“TheGLOBEProgramisofferingthischallengetoshowpeoplehowimportantitistoNASAtohavecitizenscie

ntistobservations:observationsfromthegroundup,”saidMarileColonRobles,leadfortheGLOBECloudsteamatNASA’sLangleyResear

chCenterinHampton,Virginia.“We’regoingfromwintertospring,sothetypesofstormswillchange,whichwillalsochanget

hetypesofclouds.Researchersuse,andvalue,thiscitizenscienceclouddatabecauseithelpstovalidatedatafromEarth-observinginstruments.Scientistsa

tLangleyworkwithasetofsixinstrumentsknownastheCloudsandtheEarth’sRadiantEnergySystem(CERES)EventhoughCERES’instrumentsuseadvancedtechn

ology,itisnotalwayseasyforresearcherstopositivelyidentifyalltypesofcloudsintheirimages.Forexample,itcanbedifficulttodifferthin,wis

pycirrusclouds(细小的卷云)fromsnowsincebotharecoldandbright;evenmoresowhencirruscloudsareaboveasurfacewithpatchysnow(片状雪)orsnowcover.One

solutiontothisproblemistolookatsatelliteimagesfromaparticularareaandcomparethemtodatasubmittedbycitizen

scientistsontheground.“Lookingatwhatanobserverrecordedascloudsandlookingattheirsurfaceobservationsreallyhelpsu

sbetterunderstandtheimagesthatwerematchedfromthesatellite,”saidColonRobles.Youdon’thavetobeacloud-gazingprofessionaltoparticipate.Forthosew

howanttobepartofthechallengebutdon’thavealotofexperienceidentifyingclouds,ColonRoblesoffersthefollowingadv

ice:“Justgooutside.”Themorecloudsyouobserve,shesaid,themorecomfortableyou’llbecollectingdata.43.Whydoresearcherslaunchthecloudobservati

onchallenge?A.TheGLOBEProgramisbadlyshortofhands.B.ThetechnologyCERESusesisnotthatadvancedC.Scientistscancomparedatafromdiff

erentinstruments.D.Cirruscloudsaredifficulttoidentifywhenwithsnowcover44.Theunderlinedword“validate”isclosestinmeaningto_________.

A.createB.cancelC.countD.confirm45.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.CitizenobserverscanonlysubmittheirdatabymeansofanappB.Observerssubmi

ttingthemostobservationscangetaspecialprizeC.ObservationsfromthegroundarenotasvaluableassatelliteimagesD.Thedatacollectedbycitizenscientists

willbepostedonsocialmedia46.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?ANASAEmploysNewmembersB.CloudActivitiesBringaNewChallengeCCitizensGainExpe

riencethroughObservationD.ProfessionalsTeachYoutoObserveCloudsSectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithaprop

ersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.ExerciseforaBetterBr

ainMostofthetime,yourbrainisthebossofyourmuscles--directinghowyouhitaball,playthepiano,oropenacerealbox.____47____Whenyou’reactive,t

heysendchemicalsignalstellingyourbrain,“Hey,it’stimetogrow!”Recentresearchsuggestsphysicalactivityhasmultiplebrainbenefits,encouragingthebirthandg

rowthofnewbraincellsthatsupplyoxygenandbloodsugartobraincells.Ina2016NationalInstituteonAgingstudy,peoplewhoranonat

readmillfor45minutesthreedaysaweekboostedtheirlevelsofabrain-derivedneurotropic(神经营养的)factor,achemicalthatactslikefer

tilizerfornewbraincells.____48____Withoutexercise,Suzukisays,“littlebabyneuronsdon’tgetbiggerandmakethousandsofnewconnec

tionstootherbraincells.Withexercise,yougetfullyfunctioningadultbraincells.”Studiessuggestthatinyoungeradults,thiscanaddtot

heoverallnumberofcellsinthehippocampus(海马体).____49____It’sagooddeal.“There’sevidencethesenewbraincellsareveryactive,”shesays.“They’ree

xcitableliketeenagers.Theygetinvolvedinmorememorycircuitsthanoldercellsdo.Yougetmoreconnections.”____50____Ifyou’reinactive,astro

llaroundtheblockmaybeallittakestoencourageneuroplasticity,shesays.Andeverybitcounts.Ina2019BostonUniversitystudyof2354adu

ltsintheir40sthrough60s,sedentarypeoplewhoboostedtheirdailywalkingby7500stepsormorehadbiggerbrainsthanthos

ewhodidn’texercise--equivalentto1.4to2.2feweryearsofbrainaging.Themorelightactivitystudyparticipantslogged,suchasdoing..housework,shopping,gard

ening,orwalkingthedog,thegreatertheoverallsizeoftheirbrains.A.Again,alittlegoesalongway.B.Tipshavebeenofferedastohowtoproperlyexercise.C.After

fourmonthsofworkouts,theirscoresimprovedonamemorytest.D.Studieshavesuggestedthatdyingcellsandbrainwastecanbeclearedwithenoughexerciseonaregularbasi

s.E.Butwhenitcomestogrowingnewbraincells,moreandmoreresearchshowsthatwhenyouexercise,yourmusclestakecharge.F.

Andonceage-relatedbrainchangesbegin,startinginour30s,exercisehelpskeepbraincellsalivelongerandreplacesoldcel

lswithnewones.IV.SummaryWriting(共10分)51.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpo

int(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.EffectsofAcidRainAfterstudyingtheHubbar

dBrookForestandotherareas,researchersfoundseveralimportanteffectsofaciddeposition,morecommonlyreferredtoasacidrain,onbothnaturalandman-m

adeenvironments.Aquatic(水生的)settingsarethemostclearlyaffectedbecauseacidicprecipitationfallsdirectlyintothem.Asthisacidicliquidflowsintolargerbodies

ofwater,itisdiluted(稀释).However,overtime,acidscanincreaseandlowertheoverallpHofthebodyofwater.Aciddepositionalsocausesclaysoilstorel

easealuminumandmagnesium,furtherloweringthepHinsomeareas.IfthepHofalakedropsbelow4.8,itsplantsandanimalsriskdeath.Itisestimatedthataround50,000lakes

intheUnitedStatesandCanadahaveapHbelownormal(about5.3forwater).SeveralhundredofthesehaveapHtoolowtosupportanyaquaticlife.Asidefromaquaticbodies

,aciddepositioncansignificantlyaffectforests.Asacidrainfallsontreesitcanmakethemlosetheirleaves,damagetheirbark

,andstunttheirgrowth.Bydamagingthesepartsofthetree,itmakesthemvulnerabletodisease,extremeweatherandinsects.Damagetoforestsbyacidrainisseenall

overtheworld,butthemostadvancedcasesareinEasternEurope.HalfoftheforestsinGermanyandPolandandabout30percentinSwitzerland,areestimatedtohavebeendamage

d.Finally,aciddepositionalsohasaneffectonarchitectureandartbecauseofitsabilitytocorrodecertainmaterials.Asacidlandso

nbuildings(especiallythoseconstructedwithlimestone),itreactswithmineralsinthestones,sometimescausingthemtodisintegrateandwashaway.___________________

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nslation(共15分，3+3+4+5)Directions:Translatethefollowingsentenceswiththegivenwords.52.品种各异的芒果是热带地区所特有的。(peculiar)（汉译英）53.请确保所有检测结果阳性的人们都将得到恰当的治疗。(see

)（汉译英）54.这位受学生青睐的老师刚完成线上课堂教学就投入到社区志愿服务工作中去了。(Scarcely)（汉译英）55.疫情期间，造谣或传谣之人必须知道“玩火者必自焚”，所以改正错误才是免于惩罚的唯一办法。(epidem

ic)（汉译英）VI.GuidedWriting(共25分)56.Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChi

nese.假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，你校门口的道路每天上学和放学时间都是非常拥挤，来接送学生的车辆不仅造成了道路拥堵，也带了安全隐患，你决定就此事写一封邮件给学校相关部门，内容包括：1.简单描述校门口道路的交通状况及带来的问题；2.提出解决这一问题的方法

，并说明理由。获得更多资源请扫码加入享学资源网微信公众号www.xiangxue100.com