【文档说明】北京市海淀区北京理工大学附属中学2023-2024学年高一下学期4月期中英语试题 Word版.docx，共(10)页，75.600 KB，由小赞的店铺上传

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2023—2024学年度第二学期高一年级英语学科期中练习第一部分知识运用(共三节，38分)第一节(共8小题;每小题1分，共8分)一．根据括号内汉语提示，用单词正确形式填空。1.WhenthankingtheCommitteeforthe

honour,TuYouyousaid,“Thisisnotonlyanhonourformyself,butalso____________andencouragementforallscientistsin

China.”(认可)(根据汉语提示单词拼写)2.TuYouyouresearchedhundredsoftraditional____________connectedtoanti-malarialcures.

(处方；秘诀)(根据汉语提示单词拼写)3.Unfortunately,in1995disaster____________Reeve.(突然发生某种不幸；打，击)(根据汉语提示单词拼写)4.Withanewsenseofenergyand____________,Reeveund

ertookanintenseexerciseprogramtohelphimachievehisgoalofwalkingagain.(投入，忠诚，奉献，承诺)(根据汉语提示单词拼写)5.Hispaintingswere____________experimentsas

hetriedtoplaywithreality.(视觉的，视力的)(根据汉语提示单词拼写)6.OneofVincentvanGoghmasterpiecesisThe____________Night.(布满星星的)(根据汉语提示单词拼写)7.LudwigvanB

eethovenisregardedasoneofthegreatest____________.(作曲家)(根据汉语提示单词拼写)8.Afterall,whatuseisaconductorwhocouldnothearhis

orchestra—evenifheisamusical____________.(天才)(根据汉语提示单词拼写)第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Brittanyw

ashavingoneofthosedayswhenthingsjustkeptgoingwrong.Shewastiredandstressedassheleftfootballpracticewithallt

hreeofherkids.Witheveryonewornoutfromthebusyday,Brittanydecidedto___9___dinnerfromtheMcDonald’sontheirwayhome.Wyattwastheteenagerworkin

gtherewhotookher___10___thatday.AsBrittanypulleduptothedrive-throughwindowtopay,allherkidswerecrying

foronereasonoranother.Andthat’swhenit___11___Brittany:She’dleftherpurseathome.Shelookedattheyoungmanwithtearsiney

esjustfrombeing___12___andannoyedandsaid,“IamsosorrybutIhavetocancelthatorder.Ileftmypurseathomewhenwewenttofootballtonight.”BeforeBri

ttanycouldsayanythingWyattpulledouthiswallet,swipedhiscard,andpaidforthemeal.AsateenagerworkingatMcDonald’s,Wyattprobablydoesn’t__

_13___much.Yet,hefirmlydeclinedallofBrittany’s___14___toreturnandpayhimback.,WhileWyatt___15___shruggedoffwhathedid,Brittanyk

newthisisjustthekindofhopeourworldneedsrightnow.So,shesnappedaquickphotoandsharedherstoryonsocialmedia.“IjustwanthisparentstoknowhowKIND&C

OMPASSIONATEtheirsonwastonight!Hemademerealizethisisexactlywhatweparentsaretryingtodo—___16___greathumans,”shewrote.After

connectingwithWyatt’smom,BrittanydiscoveredWyattwassavingupforavehicle.Soshestartedafundraisingcampaignonlinetohelpthet

eenrealizehisdream.StrangersfromalloverthecountrylovedBrittany’sstory.Thehumbleteenager___17___andencouragedthem.Beforelong,Brittanycollectedover

$40,000fromthefundraiser!“Idon’tknowhowtoputitintowordsbecauseofjusthowcrazyitwas,”Wyattsaid.“It’sjustasmallactof____18____andeverythingblewupand

it’sjustamazingtothinkthatsomethinglikethatcangetyouthisfar.”9.A.cookB.haveC.grabD.serve10.A.placeB.wordC.orderD.bill11.A.hitB.beat

C.remindedD.informed12.A.nervousB.gratefulC.scaredD.stressed13.A.makeB.spendC.wasteD.collect14.A.demandsB.promisesC.suggestionsD.invit

ations15.A.jokinglyB.eagerlyC.humblyD.cautiously16A.raisingB.protectingC.rememberingD.guiding17.A.trustedB.i

nstructedC.supportedD.inspired18.A.willB.kindnessC.honestyD.courage第三节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给

提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空

。MynameisBarbaraandIworkatadepartmentstore.I____19____(work)thereforoneyearwhenanotherBarbarajoinedthestaff.ThenIchangedmy

nametagfrom“Barb”to“Barbie”.____20____mademefeelfunnywas.howsmallkidstalkedaboutme.“IsshereallyBarbie?”theyasked.

Ichangeditatmyotherjob,tooandbeganansweringthephone,“ThisisBarbie.HowcanIhelpyou?”Thecallershavegottenusedtothatovertime,ninetypercentof____21___

_nowrespondwithmyname:“Barbie,canyoutellme.”Pronouncingthatlong“e”soundforcesyourmouthintoasmile,butIhavefoun

dthesmileisusuallyreturnedvoluntarily.B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Accordingtosomefoodexperts,itishardesttogiveu

pthefoodyougrowupwith.Ofcourse,eachperson’scomfortfoodlargelydependsontheplace____22____theycome—foraChineseitmightbeaplateofdumplingswi

thasaucerofvinegar,andforanativeoftheUKitmightbetheclassicfishandchips,____23____(serve)hot,saltyandsour.Onemouthfulofcomfortf

oodtakesusbacktoourculturalroots,____24____(give)usthe“tasteofhome”andrelievingfeelingsofhomesickness.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的

单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Mostofusclaimwedon’thavetimeforexercise.However,manyexpertssaythatexerciseplaysanimportantr

oleinmakingourbodyhealthy.Being____25____(physical)activeoffersmany____26____(advantage).Asaphysicalreward,exercisecanreduceweightandtheriskofhea

rtdisease.Exercisealsobringsgoodeffectsmentally.Itcanmakeusfeelrefreshedandhappy,helpingusincreaseourlifequal

ity.Actually,exercisecan____27____(do)insimpleways.Forexample,wecantakethestairsratherthanthelift.Overall,it’shardtofindtime____28____(exercise)i

nourbusylives,buteverylittlebithelps.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题2分，共20分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIcelandhaslongbeenidentifi

edashavinguniqueenvironments.Hereyoucanwalkandswimbetweentectonic(地壳构造的)plates,bathingeothermalwaters,andexperiencethewildlandscapes.Furthermore,the

seuniqueenvironmentshaveattractedthespace-sciencecommunitytouseIcelandasoneofitstestsitesformissionstravellingto

Mars(火星).DAY1ArriveinReykjavik.Aftercheck-in,youwillvisitthegeothermalpoolsoftheBlueLagoontorelaxafteryourflight,beforereturningtoyourhoteltofre

shenup.YouwillthenheadtotheAuroraBasecampObservatory,whereyouwillbeabletoseethenorthernlightsrecreatedindoors.Intheevening,spaceexp

ertNiamhShawwillgivethefirstoftwotalksonourattempttoestablishbasesonotherplanets.DAY2Afterbreakfast,youwillsetoutonspecialvehiclestowardsÞingvelli

rNationalPark,aregisteredUNESCOworldheritage(遗产)siteaccompaniedbyNiamh.Here,youwillhavetheopportunitytodosomethingthatyoucan’tdoanywhereelse

,theopportunitytoswimbetweenthetectonicplates.Intheevening,youwillenjoyasecondtalkfromNiamh.DAY3Todayyoubeginyourjourneytowardsth

e2020NASAtestsite,wheretheNASASAND_EMarsRoverisbeingtested.NASAscientistswillbeonhandtoexplaintheproject,alongwithupdatesofthecur

rentMarsmissionsandthemostrecentfindings.DAY4In2019,IcelandSpaceAgencyhostedtheISAGEVR1ExpeditiontoGrimsvötnVolcanoontopoftheVatnajök

ullGlacier(冰川)tofieldtesttheMS1MarsAnalogSpacesuitdesignedbytheNASA/Johnsonspacecentre.Wewillbeworkingtog

etherwiththeagencytocreateauniqueexperienceforyoutodayontheglacier.DAY5Intheafternoonyouwillreachthebridgebetweenthecontinents,spanningagapinb

etweenthetwotectonicplates,onyourwaytoKeflavikAirportandyoureveningflighthome.29.Whowouldbemostinterestedinthistravelarrangemen

ttoIceland?A.Fictionwriters.B.Spaceenthusiasts.C.Wildlifeprotectors.D.Professionalswimmers.30.Whichdaysinc

ludechancestoexperiencesomethingaboutMars?A.Day1andDay2.B.Day2andDay3.C.Day3andDay4.D.Day4andDay5.,31.Whichofth

efollowingcanbestpromotethistour?A.“Wehopetoofferyouagreatopportunitytoenjoyhiking.”B.“WewillletyouexplorehowNASAisapartofever

ydaylife.”C.“Wewanttohelpyoudiscoverspacesciencethroughthejoyoftravel.”D.“Wewillprovideyouachancetoexp

eriencethecultureneartheArcticCircle.”BAfewdaysago,myhusband,Russ,andIlostourhouseof28yearstoaCaliforniawildfire.Onthatnight,weh

adtoleaveourhouseandsleepinthebackseatofourFord.Thenextmorning,wehadtodrivethreeandahalfhourstofindahotelthathadanavailableroom.

Onlylater,inthelocalnewspaper,didweseephotographsofthedestruction.Ourhousehadbeenconsumedbythefirealongwithmostofourneighborhood.Howarewegoingtore

buildafterthis?Ithought,roundingacornerinthesidewalkonmywalkbacktothehotel.Isitevenpossible?Inoticedsomethingupahead—apairofn

ickels,shininglikepreciousjewels.Theywerejustnickels,buttheysomehowfeltspecial.Ibentdownandpickedthemup.Ifthesewereluckycoins

,IcouldusealltheluckIcouldget.Afewdayslater,Imadeatriptothestoretobuyessentials.Theenormoustaskofreplacingeverythingwe’dlostputaheavyweightonm

e.IwasabouttoleavewhenIfelttheurgetostopandturnmyheadtotheright.Icouldhardlybelieveit—thereonnickelashelf,wasanickel!Okay

,maybethisismorethanluck,Ithoughtandputthenickelinmypocket.ItoldmyselfthatIhadfoundthenickelsjustbychance.ThenIfoundonenexttomyplateatares

taurant—onThanksgiving,noless,whenIwasmissingourhousemorethanever.Itseemedthatanickelappearedwhenevermyspiritsp

lummeted.WheneverIreachedmybreakingpoint,I’dfindanothernickel.Inthegrassatthepark,ornearthetireofmyca

rinaparkinglot.Once,mychangeforaquicklunchwasgivenentirelyinnickels.“I’msorry,”thecashiersaid.“It’sallwehave.”It’sallIneeded!Oneday,Iwassitt

ingatthedeskwhenmyphonerang.Itwasareal-estateagentI’dbeenworkingwith.“Ihaveanewlisting,”shesaid.“When

canweseeit?”Afewhourslater,RussandIwerefollowingtheagentdownthedrivewaytowardthehouse.Ididn’tthinklong.Becaus

ethere,inthedriveway,…32.Afterthewildfirethecouple________.A.livedintheircarforonenightB.tooksomephotosofthedest

ructionC.couldhardlyaffordtheirThanksgivingdinnerD.savedpreciousitemsfromtheburneddownhouse33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“plummeted

”inParagraph6probablymean?A.Remained.B.Changed.C.Strengthened.D.Sank.34.Whatdidthefoundnickelsmeantotheauthor?A.Luckfortheforeseeablefuture.B.Hop

eduringchallengingtimes.C.Signsofahugefortunetocome.D.Remindersofwhathadhappened.35.Whichwouldbethebestendingforthepassage?A.Ispo

ttedaflashofsilverinthesun,twonickels,bothheadsup.B.Ifoundanoldnickel,whichseemedtotellastoryfromthepast.C.Isawa

mysteriouslockedbox,andthoughtperhapsitwasfullofnickels.D.Ilookedupandimaginedsomethingonacloud,agiantnickel,justforme.CTh

eLandUndertheSeaTenthousandyearsago,asthelasticeageended,sealevelsaroundtheworldwerefarlowerthantheyaretoday.Muchofthelandund

erboththeNorthSeatotheeastofBritainandtheEnglishChannelwhichnowseparatesFranceandBritainwaspartofahugeregionofforestsandgrassyplain

s.Thentheclimategraduallybecamewarmerandthewatertrappedinlargemassesoficewasreleased.Nowthedevelopmentofadvancedsonar(声纳)technology,knownasba

thymetry,ismakingitpossibletostudythisfloodedlandscapeinextraordinarydetail.Aspecialecho(回声)sounderisfixedtothe

bottomofasurveyshipanditmakeswidesweepsacrosstheseabed.Whileprevioustechnologyhasonlybeenabletoproducetwo-dimensionalimages,bathymetrycan

nowusecomputers,satellite-positioningequipmentandspecialsoftwaretocreateaccurateandremarkablydetailedmaps.

Forthefirsttime,anancientriverbedjumpsoutofthethree-dimensionalimage.Thesiteofpre-historicsettlementscann

owbepinpointed.,AccordingtoexpertLindaAndrews,thistechnologicaldevelopmentisofhugesignificance.“Wenowhavetheabilitytomaptheseabedasaccuratelyaswe

canmapdryland,”shesays.Oncebathymetrictechniqueshaveidentifiedsiteswherepeoplemighthavebuilttheirhomesan

dvillages,diverscanbesentdowntoinvestigatefurther.Robotsubmarines(潜艇)canalsobeused,andresearchershop

etheywillfindstonetoolsandwoodfromhousesasproofofhumanactivity.TheideasharedbymanypeopleinBritainoftheircountryas

anaturalislandkingdomwillbechallengedbythefindings:Britainhasbeeninhabitedforabout500,000yearsandmuchofthis

timeithasbeenlinkedonandofftocontinentalEurope.Itremainstobeseenhowfarthisnewawarenessistakenonboard,however.I

nfacttheuseofbathymetrywillnotbelimitedtothestudyoflostlandscapesandancientsettlements.Itwillalsobevitalinfindingshipsthathavebeendestro

yedinaccidents.Inaddition,commercialapplicationsarearealpossibility.Aggregates(骨材)fortheconstructionindustryarebecomingincreasingl

yexpensive,andbathymetrycanbeusedtoidentifysuitablesitesfordiggingforthismaterial.Mappingtheseabedwi

llalsoidentifyplaceswhererareplantsandshellfishareliving.Diggingatsuchsitesshouldbeprevented,eithertoworkforaprofitortomakedee

perwaterwaysformassivecontainerships.36.Howdoesbathymetrywork?A.Ithasanechosounderplacedontheseabed.B.Itmakesuseofanumberofdifferentdevi

ces.C.Itproducestwo-dimensionalimagesoftheseafloor.D.Itbasesitscalculationsonthelocationofconstructionsite

s.37.Theauthorbelievesabetterunderstandingofthesettlementsontheseabedmay______.A.attractinvestmentintheresearchundertheseaB.inspirepe

opletotakeaninterestinmoderntechnologyC.adapttheattitudesoftheBritishtotheircountry’shistoryD.receiveconfirmationofrebuildingancientman-made

objects38.Wecanlearnthattheuseofbathymetrywillhelpto______.A.identifynewspeciesofplantsandanimalsB.providethepreciselocationofsunken

shipsC.evaluatethecostofseekingcertainresourcesD.promotethedevelopmentofdeeperwaterways第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根

据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。WhatAretheRootsofYourSelf-Esteem?,Self-esteemisaperson'ssubjectiveassessmentofhisorherwor

thtohimselforherself.Self-esteemcoversvariousbeliefsaboutoneself(suchas'Tmafailure"and"I'mbeautiful")aswellasphysiologicalstates,including

sadness,joy,andshame.Themorewebelievethatweareworthyofhappinessandgoodthingsinlife,themoreself-fulfilledwewillb

e.Whenwedon'tbelievethatweareworthyofthesethings,ourabilitytoenjoythemcansuffer.____39____Healthyself-esteemasanadultcanbeagiftgiv

eninyourchildhood.Itisablessingthatmostpeopleoverlook.Therearesomanywaysadultswithhighself-esteemweresupportedaschildrenthatresultedinthemha

vinghighself-esteem.Forinstance,theywerepraisedforwhattheyhadachieved.____40____Theylikelyexperiencedaffectionandweregivenenoughatte

ntion.Itisalsopossiblethattheyexcelledinstudiesorinsportsandwereadmiredforitbypeers.____41____Aschildren,manyofthesepeopl

ewerecriticized,yelledat,orabusedinonewayoranother.Thereisalsoahighchancethattheyweregivennoattentionbytheadultswhoweresupposedtocar

eforthem.Insomecases,adultswithpoorself-esteemwereoftenridiculedfortheirshortcomingsorbulliedbypeers.Itiscommonthattheseadultsalsobelievethatinorder

tobeappreciatedtheyneedtobeperfect.____42____Therearepeoplewhoareobsessedwiththeircareersorhobbiesbecauseinthei

rmindtheyneedtotietheirworthinesstosomethingconcrete.Oftentimesthesepeoplehavetopretendtobesomethingtheyarenotjustt

ogetapproval.Howyoufeelaboutyourselfimpactshowyouliveyourlife.Peoplewithhighself-esteemtendtohavebetterrelationshipsthanthosewithlowself-e

steem.____43____Soifyoustruggletoreachoutforassistance,itcouldberootedinyourlowself-esteem.A.Thereisalsoagoodcha

ncethattheywerespokentorespectfully.B.Whenwestarttodoubtwhat'simportantinlife,wetendtodolessofit.C.Sinceself-esteemisconnectedtohowwep

erform,itisimportanttoworkonit.D.Peoplewithpoorself-esteem,ontheotherhand,oftenexperiencedtheopposite.E

.Thiscreatesanimageintheirmindthatwithoutaccomplishmenttheyareworthless.F.Theyfacefailuretoo,buttheyunderstandthatfailureorsuccessdoesn'tdef

inethem.G.Highself-esteemenablesyoutoaskforhelpandsupportfromthepeoplearoundyouwhenyouneedit.第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题;第44、45题各2分，第46题

3分，第47题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成对该问题的回答。SharedServicesNeedMoreImaginationSupposeyouneedtodrillaholeinthewalltohanganitembutdonot

ownapowerdrill.Youmayregarditasexpensivetobuyapowerdrillandconsiderrentingone.Sharingisthesolution.Thesharingindustryisa

nemerging.highlyflexibleeconomicnetworkthatallowspeopletoshareresources,eitherfreeorforafee.Theimportantideaofthesharingindustryisthatpeo

plemightonlyneedanitemforarelativelyshortperiod.Theprivatepartofsharedserviceshasbeenmovingtowardsthi

sareasincethebeginningofthe1980s,andthenthepublicparthastakennoteofthebenefitsandcontinuedforbestpractice.TheUnit

edStatesandAustraliaamongothershavehadsharedservicesingovernmentsincethelate1990s.Withtheriseofthesharingindustry,thebest-knownsharedbikesandsharedca

rshavegotalotofpublicattention.Thiskindoftransportationissoenvironmentally-friendlythatitisincreasinglyp

opularamongpeopleinmanycities.Ofcoursesharedservicesdon’tneedtobelimitedtomachines.Therealpay-offinsharedse

rvicesprobablyliesinrentingoutsmaller,lessheavyitems.Forexample,intoday’scasualenvironment,youdon’tneeda

tieunlessyou’regoingtoaweddingorajobinterview.Sosomecompanies,wouldletyoupickupatiewhenyouneededitandonlywhenyouneededit.Anotherexamp

leisanumbrella-sharingservice.Sincevisitorsdon’twanttobecarryingumbrellasalltheway,itwouldbecheaperandeasiertosimplyborrowanumbrellaononestreetcor

neranddropitoffonanother.RecentlyorganizationsthathavecentralizedtheirITfunctionshavebeguntotakeacloselookat

thetechnologyservicesthattheirITdepartmentsprovideforcustomers,evaluatingwhereitmakessensetoprovidetechnologycomponents.E-mall

andscanning(归描)operationswereobviousearlycandidates.Manyorganizationsarenowofteringtheirdocument-intensiveoperationsisashare

dservice,Thereisnodoubtthatpeoplearecallingfortheexpansionofsharedservicestomoreandmoretreas.44.Whatist

hesharingindustry?___________________________________________________________45.Whydoessharedtransportationreceiveat

tentionfrompeople?___________________________________________________________46.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseint

hefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Sharedservicesaregettingincreasinglypopularfortheirconvenience,butthereares

tillcallsforexpansiontowiderareasbecausetheyarecurrentlyrestrictedtomachines____________________________________________

_______________47.Pleaseprovideanotherexampleofsharedservicesandexplainyourreason.(about40words)______________________

_____________________________________第二节(20分)48.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校将举办主题为“创意点亮校园”学生手工作品展。请给你校的交换生Jim写一封邮件，邀请他参观展览。内容包括：1

.介绍展览信息(例如：时间、地点、内容等)；2.询问对方意向。注意：1.词数100左右；2.邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。提示词：手工作品handicraftDearJim,_________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua