【文档说明】河南省南阳市第一中学2019-2020学年高二下学期第三次月考(6月)英语试题 【精准解析】.doc,共(26)页,137.500 KB,由小赞的店铺上传
转载请保留链接:https://www.doc5u.com/view-4a1d96f370d06c82ab8c5e48d5536c74.html
以下为本文档部分文字说明:
南阳市一中2020年春期高二年级第三次月考英语试卷本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分,共120分。考试时间110分钟。第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文
,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。ALookingforsomewheretogoduringthemonthsofDecember,JanuaryandFebruary?Fromsnow-cappedskiresortstosunnyislands,thesearetheho
ttesttraveldestinationstovisitthiswinter.St.LuciaLongingforatropical(热带的)getaway?SetyoursightsonSt.Lucia.W
ithKayakreportinga197percentsurge(激增)ininterest,thisEasternCaribbeanislandnationisonthevergeofblowingup.Whichshouldn'
tbeashockgiventhatitdeliversamixofvolcaniccoastline,lushrainforests,dramaticmountains,coralreefs,andhig
h-endresorts.Simplyput:whetheryou'reseekingromanceoradventure,you'llfinditinSt.Lucia.MexicoCity,MexicoWithmouth-
wateringfood,fashionablehotels,superbshopping,andtonsofhistoricsites,MexicoCityisdefinitelyonetoaddtoyourlistfo
rtheupcomingwinterseason.Sinceit'samajorinternationalairport,youcanusuallyscoreflightdeals.NewYorkCityWhil
ethere'snobadmonthtoexperiencetheBigApple,thefrostyseasonisparticularlymagical.Guessthat'swhyNewYorkCityranksamongthemostsearchedwin
tertraveldestinations,accordingtoExpedia.Themostcherishedattractions?Theiceskatingrink(溜冰场)atRockefellerCenterandsleddinginCen
tralPark.Paris“ManypeoplefrequentParisinspringandsummer,”revealsHudson.“Thetrade-offforpicture-perfectweather?Lo
nglinesatmuseums,plusaMetrochock-fullofmap-totingtourists.”BasedonExpediadata,thecheapestmonthtogotoParisisFebruary.Ouradvic
e?PackyourmostfashionableraincoatandletthewintersadnessfadeawayintheCityofLight.1.Wherewillyougoifyoulongforariskytrip?A.St.Lucia.B.Mex
icoCity,Mexico.C.NewYorkCity.D.Paris.2.WhatisspecialaboutMexicoCity?A.Itsweatherisalwaysgreat.B.Itoftenoffersdiscoun
tedairtickets.C.Itprovidesmagicalexperienceinwinter.D.Itisthemostsearchedwintertraveldestination.3.Whatc
anwelearnaboutParis?A.Itisafashionablecity.B.Itsclimateisquiteperfect.C.Itswintersportsareattractive.D.Itisapopulartouristdestinationinspring.
【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要向读者介绍四处冬季最热门的旅游胜地。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据St.Lucia部分中的“whetheryou’reseekingromanceoradventure,you’llfinditinSt.Lucia.(不管你是寻
求浪漫还是冒险,你都可以在St.Lucia感受得到。)”可知,如果你渴望一场刺激冒险的旅行,你可以去St.Lucia。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据MexicoCity,Mexico部分的“Sinceit
’samajorinternationalairport,youcanusuallyscoreflightdeals.(由于它是一个主要的国际机场,因此你通常可以获得机票优惠。)”可知,墨西哥城的特别之处在于这个城市的机场经常会售卖打折的机票。故选B。【3
题详解】细节理解题。根据Paris部分的“ManypeoplefrequentParisinspringandsummer.(许多人在春季和夏季都常去巴黎。)”可知,在春季,巴黎是一个深受游客欢迎的旅游胜地
。故选D。【点睛】细节题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解能力。细节题大多根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等而进行设向。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种,直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩,从阅读材料中可以找到。如第3小题,根据Paris部
分的“ManypeoplefrequentParisinspringandsummer.(许多人在春季和夏季都常去巴黎。)”可知,在春季,巴黎是一个深受游客欢迎的旅游胜地。故选D。而语义理解题则先需要从文章中找到与提
问有关的信息或其变体,再进行分析对比,找出容案。如第2小题,根据MexicoCity,Mexico部分的“Sinceit’samajorinternationalairport,youcanusuallyscorefligh
tdeals.(由于它是一个主要的国际机场,因此你通常可以获得机票优惠。)”可知,墨西哥城的特别之处在于这个城市的机场经常会售卖打折的机票,这里需要对原文的scoreflightdeal和选项中的discountedairtickets进行语意上的转
化理解,即“打折的机票”。故选B。BIrememberthedaywhenIfirstlearnedtorideabike.Itwasafrightening,yetfunexperience.Mygranddadwa
stheonewhotaughtmeandhehelpedmewhenIgothurt.ThefirsttimeIgotonabike,IhadnoideawhatIwasdoing,andjustabouteverythingwentwrong.Myg
randdadtoldmetojustputmyfeetonthepedalsandstartpedaling(骑自行车).Healsotoldmehewouldholdontothebackofthebikethewholetime,yethedidn’t.AssoonasIst
artedtryingtobalancemyself,heletgo.Ihappenedtolookbackjustthen.Iwasscared,todeaththatIwasgoingtofallandhurtmyself.WhenIwasscared,mymin
dwentblankfrompedaling,andIjustwantedoff.Iforgothowtousethebrakes(车闸)andfellrightoffthebike.Mygranddadkeptencouragingmetoge
tupandtryagain,andafterabout15minutes,1finallystoppedcrying,gotupandtriedagain.AssoonasIstartedpedalingagain,mypantsgotc
aughtinthechain,andIfellflatonmyfaceandhitmynose.Sincethathappenedtmygranddaddecidedtocallitadayandtryagainthenextmorning.ThenextmorningIw
okeupbrightandearly,andwasveryeagertotrytoridemybike.Mynosefeltbetter,soIwasn’tthatafraidoffallinganymore.ThoughIknewtherewerealotofdifficultieson
thewaytomasteringtheskillsinridingabike,IbelievedIcoulddowellwithmygranddad’shelp.Afterall,ridingabikewa
swhatIwantedtodoeagerly.4.Howwastheauthorwhenhewasonthebikefirst?A.Hedidn’tknowwherehewouldbegoing.B.Hethoughtbalancinghimselfwaseasy.
C.Hewasnervousanddidn’tknowwhattodonext.D.Heputhisfeetonthepedalsandstartedpedaling.5.Whatdoestheunderlin
edpartinthepassagemean?A.Rememberwhathappenedthisday.B.Maketheauthorfeelhappy.C.Stoppracticingbicycling.D.Goontorideabike.6.Whatistheauthor’s
attitudetowardshisgranddad?A.Supportive.B.Grateful.C.Indifferent.D.Negative.7.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethetitlefort
hepassage?A.TheExperienceofMyFirstRidingaBikeB.TheDifficultyIMetwithMyGranddadC.TheFirstTimeIGotMyOwnBikeD.TheGreatM
omentWhenIStayedwithMyGranddad【答案】4.C5.C6.B7.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者在祖父的帮助下,第一次学习骑自行车的经历。【4题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第一段ThefirsttimeIgotonabike,
IhadnoideawhatIwasdoing,andjustabouteverythingwentwrong.可知作者第一次在自行车上时,作者很紧张,不知道下一步该做什么,故选C。【5题详解】词义猜测题。下文andtryagainthenextmorning.说第二天早晨再尝试,可猜测
出mygranddaddecidedtocallitaday的意思是我的祖父决定暂停,故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。答案定位在最后一段ThoughIknewtherewerealotofdifficultiesonthe
waytomasteringtheskillsinridingabike,lbelievedIcoulddowellwithmygranddad'shelp.这句话的意思是我知道在掌握骑自行车技巧的路上会有许多困
难,但是我相信在我祖父的帮助下,我能做好,由此推断出作者对于祖父的态度是感谢。A.Supportive.支持的;B.Grateful.感谢的;C.Indifferent.冷漠的;D.Negative.否定的,故选B。【
7题详解】主旨大意题。通过阅读全文内容,可知这篇文章主要讲了作者在祖父的帮助下,第一次学习骑自行车的经历,故选A。CWithself-drivingvehicletechnologyrapidlyadvancing,man
ycompaniesareturningtoautonomousrobotsforthefinallegofthedeliveryprocess,fromthestoreorlocaldistributioncentertothecustomer.Thelates
ttojointhetrendise-commercegiantAmazon.Followingasuccessfuleight-monthtestruninSnohomishCounty,Washington,thec
ompany’sScoutrobotshavebeenmakingtheroundsofIrvine,California,sinceAugust6,2019.Thesix-wheeledScoutisaboutthesizeofalargecoolerwithth
ecapacitytocarrysmallormedium-sizedpackages.Thebattery-poweredvehicle,whichmovesataregularwalkingpace,hasbeenprogrammedtoavoidpedestrians
,animals,andunexpectedobstacles,suchasgarbagecans.Itspowerfulsensorscanalsodetectthemovementofacarbackingoutofa
driveway.ToaccelerateScout’sdevelopmentandbringitnationwidesooner,thecompanyhascreatedseveraldetailedvirtualmapsofAmericansuburbsandco
nductedtrialdeliveriestohomesthere.ThoughAmazonhasnotshownhowScoutensuresthedeliveryispickedupbytherightperson,itmostlikelyr
equiresthecustomerstoapplyauniquecode,textedtothempriortothedelivery,tounlockthestorebox.AlsounclearisthenumberofdeliveriesScoutcancompl
etebeforeitsbatteryneedstoberecharged.Thoughtheinitialtestsarebeingconductedwithahumanforcompany,therobotwill
beautonomousinthefuture.Itslocation,however,willbetrackedatalltimes—ifsomeoneattemptstostealScout,Amazonemployeeswillbeinstantlysensed.
However,theeco-friendlyrobotsareunabletoclimbstairsoropengates,whichmeansthattheycanonlyreachconsumerswho
liveonthegroundlevel.Additionally,therobotsareunabletoleavepackagesatthefrontdoorifthecustomersarenothome.Whetherthesepro
blemsgetresolvedremainstobeseen.Fornow,itappearsthathumanswillstillbeneededtoachievetheever-growingdeman
dforhomeandofficedeliveries.8.WhichofthefollowingdescriptionsaboutScoutisright?A.Theycanbepoweredthemselves.B.Theyarestron
genoughtocarrybigthings.C.Theycanrunwiththeirsixwheels.D.Theycanavoidobstaclesahead.9.WhataboutScoutisstillconfusingtocommonpeople?A.Howmanyd
eliveriesitcandoonafullcharge.B.Whetheritcanclimbstairsoropengates.C.Howitrecognizestherightownerofthethings.D.
Howlongitwilltaketogetitfullycharged.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“priorto”inparagraph4mean?A.duetoB.afterC.infrontofD.before11.Whatistheautho
r’sopinionaboutdeliveryrobotsaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Theyarenoteasilyavailable.B.Theyhavesomelimitations.C.Theywil
lreplacehumanssoon.D.Theywon’tbewellaccepted.【答案】8.D9.A10.D11.B【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了为了解决送货的最后一公里问题,机器人应运而生
,许多商业巨头正在这一领域加紧努力。同时介绍了机器人外观,工作原理,以及还需要解决的问题。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Thebattery-poweredvehicle,whichmovesataregularwalkingpace,hasbeenprogrammedtoa
voidpedestrians,animals,andunexpectedobstacles,suchasgarbagecans.可知这款由电池驱动的汽车以正常的步行速度行驶,经过编程可以避开行人、动物和垃圾桶等意外障碍物。由此可知,D选项
“它们可以避开前面的障碍”正确。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中AlsounclearisthenumberofdeliveriesScoutcancompletebeforeitsbatteryneedstoberecharged.可知同样不清楚的是,在需要充电之前,Scout能完成
多少次投递。由此可知,普通人对Scout困惑的是Scout充满电可以送多少次货。故选A。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文itmostlikelyrequiresthecustomerstoapplyauniquecode,textedtothem以及划线短语后文tounlockthestor
ebox可知Scout很可能要求顾客在送货前,使用发送给他们的唯一代码来解锁商店的盒子。由此可知,划线短语意思“在……之前”。A.dueto因为;B.after在……之后;C.infrontof在……前面;D.be
fore在……之前。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中However,theeco-friendlyrobotsareunabletoclimbstairsoropengates,whichmeansthattheycanonlyreachconsumerswholiveonthe
groundlevel.Additionally,therobotsareunabletoleavepackagesatthefrontdoorifthecustomersarenothome.Whethertheseproblemsgetresolvedremainstobeseen.可知然而,
这些环保机器人不能爬楼梯或打开大门,这意味着它们只能接触住在地面的消费者。此外,如果顾客不在家,机器人不能把包裹放在门前。这些问题能否得到解决还有待观察。由此可推知,作者对送货机器人的看法是它们有一些局限性。故选B。DJ
usthowmuchdoestheConstitution(宪法)protectyourdigitaldata?TheSupremeCourtwillnowconsiderwhetherpolicecansearchthecontentsofamobilephonewithoutawarran
t(授权令)ifthephoneisonoraroundapersonduringanarrest.Californiahasaskedthejusticestorestorethepracticethatthepolicemaysearchthroughtheconte
ntsofsuspects’smartphonesatthetimeoftheirarrest.Itishard,thestatesays,forjudgestoassesstheimplicationsofnewandrapidlychangingtechnologies.Thej
usticeswouldbecarelessiftheyfollowedCalifornia'sadvice.TheyshouldstartbyrejectingCalifornia’sweakargumentthatexploringthecontentsofasmartphoneissi
milartosay,goingthroughasuspect'swallet.Thecourthasruledthatpolicedon'toffendagainsttheFourthAmendment(修正案)whentheygot
hroughthewalletofanarresteewithoutawarrant.Infact,exploringone'ssmartphoneismorelikeenteringhisorherho
me.Asmartphonemaycontainanarrestee'sreadinghistory,financialhistory,medicalhistoryandcomprehensiverecordsofrecentcorrespondence.Americanssho
uldtakestepstoprotecttheirowndigitalprivacyandshouldavoidputtingimportantinformationinsmartphones.Butkeepingsensitive
informationonthesedevicesisincreasinglyarequirementofnormallife.Citizensstillhavearighttoexpectprivatedoc
umentstoremainprivateandprotectedbytheConstitution'sprohibitiononunreasonablesearches.Inmanycases,itwouldnotb
everydifficultforauthoritiestoobtainawarranttosearchthroughphonecontents.Theycouldstilltrump(打出王牌)theFourthAmendmentprotectionswhenfacingsevereandda
ngerouscircumstances,suchasthethreatofimmediateharm,andtheycouldtakereasonablemeasurestoensurethatphonedataarenotdeletedoralteredw
hileawarrantisontheway.Thejustices,though,maywanttoallowroomforpolicetocitesituationswheretheyareentitledtomoreflexibil
ity.ButthejusticesshouldnotswallowCalifornia'sargumentwhole.Newtechnologysometimesdemandsfreshapplic
ationsoftheConstitution'sprotections.OrinKerr,alawprofessor,comparestheexplosionandaccessibilityofdigitalinformationinthe21stcenturywiththeestabli
shmentofautomobileuseasadigitalnecessityoflifeinthe20th.Atthattime,thejusticeshadtoexplainnewrulesforthenewpersonaldomain(领域)ofcars.Similarly,the
justicesmustsortouthowtheFourthAmendmentoftheConstitutionappliestodigitalinformationnow.12.Theauthor’sat
titudetowardCalifornia’sargumentis_____________.A.skepticalB.tolerantC.indifferentD.disapproving13.Theauthorbelievesthatexplo
ringone'sphonecontentiscomparableto_____________.A.gettingintoone'sresidenceB.handingone'shistoricalrecord
sC.scanningone'scorrespondencesD.goingthroughone'swallet14.Inparagraph4and5,theauthorshowshisconcern
that_____________.A.principlesarehardtobeclearlyexpressedB.citizens'privacyisnoteffectivelyprotectedC.phonesareusedtostoresensitiveinformati
onD.thecourtisgivingpolicelessroomforaction15.OrinKerr'scomparisonisquotedtoindicatethat_____________.A.theConstitutionshouldbeimplementedflexiblyB
.PrinciplesoftheConstitutionshouldneverbechangedC.NewtechnologyrequiresreinterpretationoftheConstitutionD.California'sargumentviolatesprinci
plesoftheConstitution【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.C【解析】本文为议论文。本文主要讲述了最高法院考虑警察在逮捕嫌犯时,能否在没有搜查令的情况下,搜查被捕者的手机内容,以及宪法应保护个人数字隐私这一更大的问题。【12题详解】推理判断
题。根据第三段中ThejusticeswouldbecarelessiftheyfollowedCalifornia'sadvice.TheyshouldstartbyrejectingCalifornia’sweakargumentthatexploringthecontents
ofasmartphoneissimilartosay,goingthroughasuspect'swallet.可知如果法官们听从加州的建议,那就草率了。他们应该首先拒绝加州的薄弱的论点,即探索智能手机的内容类似于说,翻阅嫌疑人的钱包。由此可推知,作者对加利福尼
亚的观点持不支持态度。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中Infact,exploringone'ssmartphoneismorelikeenteringhisorherhome.可知事实上,查看一个人的智能手机更
像是进入他或她的家。由此可知,作者认为查看一个人的手机就好比进入了这个人的家。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中CitizensstillhavearighttoexpectprivatedocumentstoremainprivateandprotectedbytheConstit
ution'sprohibitiononunreasonablesearches.可知公民仍然有权期待私人文件保持隐私,并受到宪法禁止不合理搜查的保护。以及第五段中Inmanycases,itwouldnotbeverydifficultforauthoritiestoobtainawarran
ttosearchthroughphonecontents.可知在很多情况下,当局获得搜查令来搜查手机内容并不困难。文章第四段中作者提出人们应该重视对个人数据隐私的保护,并避免在手机里存放重要信息,但这一点随着时代发展越来越
难做到,第五段则表明警方想要查看人们的手机内容,并不难做到。由此可推知,作者对于人们的个人隐私,能否得到有效保护,是比较担心的。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中OrinKerr,alawprofessor,compare
stheexplosionandaccessibilityofdigitalinformationinthe21stcenturywiththeestablishmentofautomobileuseasadigi
talnecessityoflifeinthe20th.“Atthattime,thejusticeshadtoexplainnewrulesforthenewpersonaldomainofcars.Similarly,thejusticesmustsortouthowtheFourthAmen
dmentoftheConstitutionappliestodigitalinformationnow.”可知法学教授OrinKerr将20世纪将手机使用视为生活必需和21世纪的数字化信息的爆发和可获取作比较,表示当时的法官为新领域解释了新规则,言下之意就是今天的宪法也必须
与时俱进,作出相应的调整。由此可推知,引用OrinKerr的比较是为了表明新技术需要宪法重新解释。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳
选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Willtherebeanoutbreakofbirdfluthatthreatenshumans?Manyexpertsdisagreeonwhenorwhetherahumanpandemic(大流行病)willoccur,butdosayt
hereisachancethattheviruscouldmutate(变异),leadingtowidespreadinfection.___16___Here’swhatyouneedtoknowtohelpkeepyourselfhealthy.Stockuponfood,water
andhouseholdsupplies.Ifthereisabirdflupandemic,you'llwanttominimizeyourchanceofcatchingitbystayingindoors;y
oumightevenberequiredtostayhomeifthegovernmentasksthatpeopleremaininquarantine(隔离期).You’dbetterstockuptodayonatleast2-we
ekworthofessentialssuchaswater,food,emergencyandmedicalsupplies.___17___Haveanoutbreakplan.Itmayfeelod
doruncomfortabletotalktofamilymembersandlovedonesabouttheworst-casepandemicscenario.Butifthatscenariostrikes,you’llallbem
uchbetteroffifyouhaveaplandecidedonandready.___18___Figureouthowyouwouldcareforthemandwhatyourfirstresponseandresponsibilitie
swouldbe;thisisanespeciallyimportantconversationtohavewiththosewithspecialcareneeds.___19___Thingslikekeepingabalanceddiet,exercisingregularlyandge
ttingsufficientrestcanhelpkeepyouhealthyinanoutbreakandalsokeepyoufromcatchingthecommoncold.Particularlyina
fluoutbreaksituation,itwillbeimportanttowashourhandswithsoapandwaterforatleast20seconds.Bediligentaboutcoveri
ngcoughsandsneezeswithtissues.Moreover,knowyouressentialhealthinformationsuchasbloodtype,allergies,andpasto
rcurrentmedicalconditions.Makealistofthatessentialinformationforallthemembersofyourfamily.___20___Anddomakesureevery
oneinyourhouseholdknowswheretofindit.A.Workoutregularlytostayslim.B.Pickupthehabitsofhealthybehavior.C.Itiswisetokeepitsomewheresafea
ndvisible.D.It’simportanttoaskyourselfthesequestionsbeforeapandemicoccurs.E.Talkwithyourfriendsandfamily
abouthowyou’drespondtoanepidemic.F.Inthatcase,thebestthingyoucandorightnowistoprepareforthatpossibility.G.Thatwillhe
lpyougetthroughanextendedtimeathomeifanoutbreakhappens.【答案】16.F17.G18.E19.B20.C【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。许多专家对于何时或是否会发生流感大流行病持不同意见,但专家一
致表示病毒有可能发生变异并导致人们广泛的感染。文章介绍了人们需要了解的保持健康的知识。【16题详解】考查段中句。根据空前“Manyexpertsdisagreeonwhenorwhetherahumanpandemic(大流行病)willoccur,butdosaytherei
sachancethattheviruscouldmutate(变异),leadingtowidespreadinfection.(许多专家对于意何时或是否会发生大流行病持不同意见,但专家一致表示病毒有可能发生变异并导致人们广泛的感染)”和空后“He
re’swhatyouneedtoknowtohelpkeepyourselfhealthy.(这里是你需要了解的帮助自己保持健康的知识)”可知,F项(在这种情况下,你现在可以做的最好的事情就是为这种可能性
做准备)能够承接上文并且与下文连接通顺。该选项中的thatpossibility指的是前一句中的“病毒有可能发生变异并导致人们广泛的感染”。故选F项。【17题详解】考查段尾句。根据空前“You’dbetterstoc
kuptodayonatleast2-weekworthofessentialssuchaswater,food,emergencyandmedicalsupplies.(你最好今天就储存至少两周的必需品,例如水
,食物,应急物资和医疗用品)”可知,G项(如果流感爆发,这将帮助你在家度过较长的时间)能够承接上文。该选项中的that指的是前一句的做法。故选G项。【18题详解】考查段中句。根据空前“Butifthatscenariostrikes,you’llallbemuchbett
eroffifyouhaveaplandecidedonandready.(但是,如果发生这种情况,如果你已制定计划并准备就绪,那么你的处境就会好很多)”和空后“Figureouthowyouwouldcareforthemandwhatyourfirstresponseand
responsibilitieswouldbe;thisisanespeciallyimportantconversationtohavewiththosewithspecialcareneeds.(弄清楚你将如何照顾他们以及你的第一反应和责任
是什么,这是与有特殊护理需求的人进行的特别重要的对话)”可知,E项(与你的朋友和家人谈论你如何应对流行病)能够承接上文并且与下文连接通顺。空格后的内容是对该选项的具体解释。故选E项。【19题详解】考查段首句。根据空后“Thingslikekeepingabalanceddiet
,exercisingregularlyandgettingsufficientrestcanhelpkeepyouhealthyinanoutbreakandalsokeepyoufromcatchingthecommoncold.(保持均衡饮食,规律运动和充足休息等事情
可以帮助你在流感暴发中保持健康,也可以预防普通感冒)”可知,B项(养成健康行为习惯)能够与下文连接通顺。空格后的内容是对该选项的具体举例。故选B项。【20题详解】考查段中句。根据空前“Makealistofthatessentialinfo
rmationforallthemembersofyourfamily.(列出所有家庭成员的基本信息)”和空后“Anddomakesureeveryoneinyourhouseholdknowswheretofindit.(并确保你家中的每个人都知道在哪里可以找到它)”可知,C
项(将其放置在安全可见的地方是明智的)能够承接上文并且与下文连接通顺。该选项中的第二个it指的是前一句的list。故选C项。【点睛】七选五的解题技巧之一是根据上下文词汇来锁定线索。即:要关注空格处前后的内容,然后在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词
等,看是否有同词复现,代词的指代等。在本文中,第1小题:F选项中的thatpossibility指的是前一句中的“病毒有可能发生变异并导致人们广泛的感染”;第2小题:G选项中的that指的是前一句的做法;第5小题:C选项中的第二个it指的是前一句的list。第三部分语言知识运用(共三节,满分45
分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.Whatwereyoulikeasateenager?Iwasa___21___.Iwasrudetomyparents,
alwaysstayedoutlate,neverdidmyhomework,hungoutwiththewrongpeopleandmademany___22___decisions.Apparently,thisistheagewhenteenagersareoutofcontrolan
d___23___badly.Ifyou'reateenagernow,youthinkthisis___24___criticismorit'snotyourfault.Well,youmightbe___25_
__!Expertshavefoundthatit'sateenager'sbrainthatisto___26___.Betweentheagesof___27___13to19thebrainisstilldevelopin
ginareasthat___28___behaviour.Thishasan/a___29___onlearningandmultitasking,stressandmemory,sleep,addiction,anddecisi
on-making.Thisisquiteanew____30____,accordingtoProfessorSarah,''whenIwasatuniversity,thedogma(教条)inthetextbookswasthatthevastbrain____31___
_goesoninthefirstfewyearsoflifeandnothingmuch____32____aftermid-childhood.Thatdogmaiscompletely____33____.''Soourbrainsarestilldevelopingmuch
laterthanwasoriginallythought.Isthistheperfectexcuseforteenagersto____34____andnotgettheirhomeworkdoneontime?It'ssomething
todowithourprefrontalcortex(前额皮层).It'sinvolvedinmanyhigh-levelcognitive(认知的)____35____suchasdecisionmakingandplanning.Thi
sregionisundergoinglargeamountsofdevelopmentduringtheadolescentyears.Foran/a____36____,thishasn'tdevelopedyet.Sogettingorganizedtodotheirh
omework,forexample,canbeabit____37____.IwishI'dknownaboutthisbecauseinsteadoftellingmy____38____I'dleftmyhomeworkonthebusorthatthedoghad____
39____it.NowIcouldsay,''Sorrysir,my____40____isn'tdevelopedenoughforthecognitivetaskofplanningmyhomework''.21.A.princeB.nightmareC
.foolD.joke22.A.realB.wiseC.badD.good23.A.dressB.talkC.reactD.behave24.A.unfairB.practicalC.funD.reasonable25.A.dullB.
rightC.wrongD.precise26.A.praiseB.blameC.wakeD.call27.A.appropriatelyB.alternativelyC.frequentlyD.approximately28.A.controlB.useC.expressD.p
lay29.A.touchB.impactC.roleD.advantage30.A.wayB.inventionC.discoveryD.job31.A.explorationB.experimentC.progressD.development32.A.change
sB.staysC.remainsD.leaves33.A.trueB.unknownC.falseD.satisfying34.A.getoverB.hangaroundC.lookaroundD.takeoff35.A.intere
stsB.resultsC.drawbacksD.tasks36.A.adultB.scientistC.teenagerD.baby37.A.exhaustingB.simpleC.challengingD.late38.A.bossB.t
eacherC.trainerD.colleague39.A.eatenB.seenC.passedD.recognized40.A.knowledgeB.bodyC.identityD.brain【答
案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.B26.B27.D28.A29.B30.C31.D32.A33.C34.B35.D36.C37.C38.B39.A40.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项关于青少年大脑的新发现,这一发现可以用来
解释青少年一些行为的成因。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我是一个噩梦。A.prince王子;B.nightmare噩梦;C.fool傻瓜;D.joke笑话。根据下文的Iwasrudetomyparents,al
waysstayedoutlate,neverdidmyhomework可知作者不是一个好学生,故此处用“噩梦”符合语境,故选B项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我对父母很粗鲁,经常在外面呆到很晚,从不做家庭作业,和不好的人在外面瞎混,做出很多糟糕的决定。A
.real针对;B.wise明智的;C.bad糟糕的;D.good好的。根据前文的hungoutwiththewrongpeople可知此处用“糟糕的决定”符合语境,bad和wrong是同义词复现,故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:很明显,这是
一个青少年控制不住自己和行为举止糟糕的年龄。A.dress给某人穿;B.talk谈话;C.react反应;D.behave行为,举止。结合上文内容可知,前面讲述的都是作何的行为,且下文的that___8___behaviour也
有暗示,behave和behavior是同义词复现,故选D项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:如果你现在是一个青少年,你会认为这是不公平的评价,或者这不是你的错。A.unfair不公平的;B.practical实际
的;C.fun有趣的;D.reasonable合理的。根据下文的it’snotyourfault可知此处用“不公平的评价”符合语境,故选A项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:你可能是正确的。A.dull无聊的;B.right正确的;C
.wrong错误的;D.precise准确的。根据第二段和第三段的分析得知青少年的行为举止和大脑发育由关系,故用此处用“你可能是正确的”符合语境,故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:专家们已经发现青
少年的大脑要对这种情况负责。A.praise表扬;B.blame负责,责备;C.wake醒来;D.call打电话。结合句意可知,此处考查短语betoblame“负责”,故选B项。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨
析。句意:大约从13到19岁大脑控制行为的区域仍然在发展。A.appropriately合适地;B.alternatively或者;C.frequently频繁地;D.approximately大约。结合句意可知,此处是大概的数据
,故选D项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:同上。A.control控制;B.use使用;C.express表达;D.play玩耍。结合句意可知,此处是指控制行为的大脑区域,故选A项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句
意:这对学习、多任务处理、压力和记忆、睡眠、爱好和做决定有影响。A.touch触摸;B.impact影响;C.role角色;D.advantage优势。结合上下文可知,此处是指,这些区域会影响青少年的很多方面,故选B项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:据Sa
rah教授说,这是一个非常新的发现。A.way方法;B.invention发明;C.discovery发现;D.job工作。根据上文的Expertshavefoundthatit'sateenager'sbrainthatisto___6___.可知此处用“发现”符合语境
,故选C项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:当我读大学时,书本上说大脑的巨大发展发生在生命的头几年,在童年中期过后就没有多大改变了。A.exploration探索;B.experiment实验;C.progress进步;D.development发展。根据前
文的Betweentheagesof___7___13to19thebrainisstilldevelopinginareas可知此处用“发展”符合语境,develop是原词复现,故选D项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:同上
。A.changes改变;B.stays待,保持;C.remains保持;D.leaves离开。结合上下文可知,此处是指人的大脑在童年中期后就不会有多大改变了,故选A项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:那个教条完全错了。A.true真
的;B.unknown不知道的;C.false错的;D.satisfying满意的。根据下文的Soourbrainsarestilldevelopingmuchlaterthanwasoriginallythought.
可知以前的说法是错误的,故选C项。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:这真的是青少年在外闲逛,不按时完成家庭作业的最佳借口吗?A.getover克服;B.hangaround闲逛;C.lookaround环视;D.takeoff脱下。根据上文的hungoutwithth
ewrongpeople可知此处用“闲逛”符合语境,hangout是原词复现,故选B项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:这涉及到很多高水平的认知任务,例如决策和计划。A.interests兴趣;B.results结果;C.drawbacks缺点;D.tasks任务
。根据下文的forthecognitivetaskofplanningmyhomework可知此处用“任务”符合语境,task是原词复现,故选D项。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:对于一个青少年来说,这还没有发展
。A.adult成人;B.scientist科学家;C.teenager青少年;D.baby婴儿。根据下文的Thisregionisundergoinglargeamountsofdevelopmen
tduringtheadolescentyears.可知此处用“青少年”符合语境,teenager和adolescent是同义词复现,故选C项。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:例如,非常有组织计划地来完成家庭作业是有挑战的。A.e
xhausting令人劳累的;B.simple简单的;C.challenging挑战的;D.late迟的。根据前文的thishasn’tdevelopedyet.推测青少年有组织计划地完成作业是有挑战的,故选C项。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我希望早点知道这些
关于大脑的研究发现,因为就不用编造借口告诉老师作业留在了公车上或者被狗吃掉了。A.boss老板;B.teacher老师;C.trainer教练;D.colleague同事。根据myhomework可判断此
处用“老师”符合语境,故选B项。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:同上。A.eaten吃;B.seen看见;C.passed传递;D.recognized认出。结合句意可知,此处是指编谎话说家庭作业被狗吃了,故选A项。【40题详解
】考查名词词义辨析。句意:对不起,老师。我的大脑还没有发展到足以让我能够完成安排家庭作业的认知任务。A.knowledge知识;B.body身体;C.identity身份;D.brain大脑。全文讲的就是大脑的发育在青少年
时期还在进行,没有完成,故选D项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。I'maMuslim.OnceIwaseatingatarestaurant,wheretherewasafather___41___(sea
t)nexttomydeskwithhistwogirls.I___42___(overhear)theirconversation.Thegirlswere___43___(constant)askingabo
uteverythingandanything.AndIwasfascinatedbytheir___44___(curious).Oneofthegirlslookedatmeandasked,"Daddy,wh
yisshewearingthatway?"Herdadresponded___45___somethingthatmademyheartsowarm.Hesaid,"Therearedifferentreligions,culturesandlanguages.Wehavetorespecta
ndlearnaboutthem."Hethenwenton___46___(share)hispersonalexperienceoflivingabroadandlearningtospeakSpa
nish.ThisremindedmeofaHarvardstudythatIhadreadabout.Childrenwho___47___(expose)toracismtendtoacceptandembrace___48_
__asyoungasage3,andinjustamatterofdays.OnlyatthattimedidIrealizetheimportanceofthewayweteachchildrenaboutlove,acceptance,understandi
ngandrespect.Itshouldstartfromanearlyage.The___49___(early),thebetter.Kidsimitatetheirparents'viewsandbehaviour.Itisyou____50____are
theirrolemodel.【答案】41.seated42.overheard43.constantly44.curiosity45.with46.toshare47.areexposed48.it49.earlier50.that/who【解析
】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是两个小女孩在餐厅里好奇地询问事情的故事。在餐厅的作者那时才意识到我们教育孩子爱、接纳、理解和尊重的方式的重要性。【41题详解】考查过去分词作后置定语。句意:有一次我在一家餐馆吃饭,一位父亲和他的两个女
儿坐在我的桌旁。此处seat是及物动词,意思是“使……坐下”,和father之间是一种被动关系,是过去分词作后置定语。故填seated。【42题详解】考查一般过去时态。句意:我无意中听到了他们的谈话。此处“听到了他们
的谈话”是已经过去的事情,句子应该用一般过去时态,故填overheard。【43题详解】考查副词。句意:姑娘们持续不断地问一切事情。此处asking是动词,由副词修饰,故填constantly。【44题详解】考查名词。介词by之后,用名词,此处their是形容词性的物主代词,修饰名词。
故填curiosity。【45题详解】考查介词。句意:她爸爸的回应让我的心很温暖。介词with“和……在一起,具有,用”,此处指“用”一些事情回应。故填with。【46题详解】考查固定搭配。句意:他接着分享了他在国外生活和学习西班牙语
的个人经历。固定搭配:goondoingsth.“继续做同一件事”;goontodosth.“继续做另一件事”。此处指继续分享了“另一件事”。故填toshare。【47题详解】考查固定搭配。句意:接触过种族主义的孩子在3岁的时候就倾向于接受和拥抱它,而且在
几天之内就会接受。固定搭配:beexposedtosth./doingsth.“曝光,暴露”。这里在说一个客观事实,且句子主语是Children,复数形式,所以句子用一般现在时态的被动语态。故填areex
posed。【48题详解】考查代词it的用法。句意:接触过种族主义的孩子在3岁的时候就倾向于接受和拥抱它,而且在几天之内就会接受。此处用it指代前面的racism。故填it。【49题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意:越早越好。固定句型:the+比较级
,the+比较级“越……越……”。故填earlier。【50题详解】考查强调句型。句意:你才是他们的榜样。把Itis和该空去掉,这个句子结构完整,语义清晰,所以判断出该句是强调句。强调句的基本结构是:itis/was+被强调部分+that+句子的
其他成分。如果被强调的部分是人,也可以用who代替that,此处强调主语“you”,强调部分指人。故填that/who。第三节单词拼写51.__________(injure)tothebackarecommonamongtheseworkers.52.Onlybykeepin
gdowncostswillChinamaintainits_____________(compete)edgeoverothercountries.53.Alipay,_________(found
)byAlibabaGroupin2004,isChina’slargestonlinepaymentplatform.54.Wedevotedseveraldaysto_________(explore)themagn
ificentMayasites.55.Thanksforyourgeneroushelp,otherwisewewould___________(suffer)greatlosses.56.Writtenrec
ordsshowthatacupuncture(针灸)________(date)backtotheSongDynasty.57.DavidislivelyandcheerfulwhilehissisterCatherineisquiett
oshyness,neverspeakingunless________(speak)to.58.Asamemberofsociety,Iamawarethatbeingresponsibleis_____ittakestomakeabettersociety.59.
Stressisareaction,physical,mental,oremotional,_____demandsorchangesinyourlife.60.Forhertravelwasanescapefromthe_______(bore)ofhereverydaylife.【答案】
51.injuries52.competitive53.founded54.exploring55.havesuffered56.dates57.spoken58.what59.to60.boredom【解析】【51题详解】考查
名词。句意:背部受伤对这些工人来说是很正常的。injuriestothe+身体部位,表示身体某处受伤,这里工人是复数且空格前面无冠词,所以injuries用复数形式。故填injuries。【52题详解】考查形容
词。句意:只有通过降低成本,中国才能保持相对于其他国家的竞争优势。这里空格后面是名词edge,表示优势,所以前面缺少一个形容词,构成竞争优势。故填competitive。【53题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:支付宝由阿里巴巴集团于2004年创立,是中国
最大的在线支付平台。这里主句是AlipayisChina’slargestonlinepaymentplatform.,用逗号隔开的部分是对主语Alipay的解释,所以动词found是非谓语动词,found的过去分词形式做Alipay的后置定语,表示被动。故填f
ounded。【54题详解】考查动名词。句意:我们花了好几天来探索玛雅遗址。这里devote…to是固定搭配,to是介词,后面动词需要用动名词形式,故填exploring。【55题详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:谢谢你慷
慨的帮助,否则我们将遭受巨大损失。wouldhavedone虚拟语气,表示对过去事情的假设,意思是“本来会做”。故填havesuffered。【56题详解】考查主谓一致。句意:书面记录显示,针灸可以追溯到宋代。这里主
语是acupuncture,是单数形式,整句话表述一个事实,用一般现在时,根据主谓一致原则,这里动词用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。【57题详解】考查过去分词。句意:大卫活泼开朗,而他的妹妹凯瑟琳则沉默腼腆,除非别人跟她说话,否则从来不说话。这里后半句话的主语是Kather
ine,主语和speak的关系是被动关系,所以用过去分词表示被动,故填spoken。【58题详解】考查名词性从句连接词。句意:作为社会的一员,我知道有责任是使社会更美好的必要条件。从句部分是表语从句,从句缺少宾语,且指物,这里填what做ittakes的宾语。故填what。【
59题详解】考查固定搭配。句意:压力是对你生活中的需求或变化生理的,心理的,情感上的一种反应。areactionto表示“……的反应”,是固定搭配。故填to。【60题详解】考查名词。句意:对她来说旅行摆脱日常生活无聊的一
种方式。这里the…of表示……的,中间需要加名词,bore的名词是boredom,故填boredom。第四部分写作(共两节,满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)61.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处
语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意
:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。IamgratefultomyEnglishteacherSusan,atwhosehelpIcouldn'thavewonfirstprizeintheEng
lishTalentCompetitionforhighschoolstudentlastweek.IusedtobepoorlyinspokenEnglish.Iwastooshytospeakinclass.Sincesheteachesuslastterm,shehasbeenenco
uraginghimtoovercomefearandspeakoutinclass.Thankstoher,Ihavemadegreatprogresses.Besides,Ipracticedseveraltimesinthefrontofher.Itwa
sheradvicewhichmademeabetterspeakerandfullofconfidence.ButIowemysuccesstoher.Susansetagoodexampletome.IamdeterminedtobecomeanEnglishtea
cherwhenIgrowup.【答案】1.at→without2.student→students3.poorly→poor4.teaches→taught5.him→me6.progresses→progress7.去掉front前面的the8.whi
ch→that9.But→So10.set前加has【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者主要记叙了自己的英语老师Susan对自己学习上的帮助。老师帮助作者克服恐惧,在课堂上发言,正是她的建议使作者成为了一个更好的演讲者。【详解】1.考查介词。句意:我很感激我的英语老师Susan,没有她的帮助,我
不可能在上周的中学生英语竞赛中获得一等奖。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句,且结合句意可知表示“没有”应用介词without。故at改为without。2.考查名词的数。student为可数名词,前面没有冠词,故应用复数形式。故student改为stud
ents。3.考查形容词。根据上文Iusedtobe可知此处作的表语应用形容词poor,短语bepoorin“在……方面差”。故poorly改为poor。4.考查动词时态。根据后文lastterm可知应用一般过去时。故
teaches改为taught。5.考查代词。句意:自从上学期她教我们,她一直鼓励我克服恐惧,在课堂上发言。结合本文是以第一人称来写的,所以此处应用me做encouraging的宾语。故him改为me。6.考查名词。progress为不可数
名词,没有复数形式,短语makegreatprogress“取得巨大进步”。故progresses改为progress。7.考查固定短语。句意:此外,我在她面前练习了好几次。结合句意表示“在某人的前面”应用短语infrontof,inthefrontof强调在空间内部的前
面。故去掉front前面的the。8.考查强调句。分析句子结构可知此处为强调句结构“itis/was+被强调部分+that+其他”,被强调部分为人时,that可以替换为who,此处强调heradvice“她的建议”,应用that。故which改为that。9.考查连词。句意:所以我的成功归
功于她。结合上下文语境可知此处为因果关系,应用连词so。故But改为So。10.考查动词时态。Susan对作者的帮助发生在过去,对他的影响一直存在,故用现在完成时态,主语为Susan,助动词应用has。故set前加has。第二节书面表达(满分25分)62.假设你
是李华,近期你校举办了主题为“美丽中国”的现场国画(traditionalChinesepainting)比赛。请为校报英文专栏写一篇活动报道。内容包括:1.活动时间、地点;2.活动概况;3.活动意义。注意:1.词数120左右;2.可行当增加细节,以使行文连贯。____
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________【答案】LastFridaywitnessedatraditionalChinesepa
intingcompetition“BeautifulChina”oncampus,whichhassparkedagrowinglovefortraditionalart.Asthecompetitionbeganat9a.m.ontheplay
ground,participantslaidoutthepaper,pickedupthepaintbrushandgavefullplaytotheirtalent.Twohourslater,thecom
petitioncametoanend.Theresultswillbeannouncedintwodays,andthewinningentrieswillbeonshowintheexhibitionhall.M
ostofthestudentsthinkhighlyofthislivepaintingcompetition,whichisarealfeastforpaintinglovers.Notonlydoesithelptobroadentheirhorizonsbutitalso
providesaplatformforthemtoexplorethebeautyofChinaandexperiencethecharmofChineseart.【解析】【分析】这是一篇提纲类写作。【详解】第1步:根据提示可知,
假设你是李华,近期你校举办了主题为“美丽中国”的现场国画(traditionalChinesepainting)比赛。请为校报英文专栏写一篇活动报道。内容包括:1.活动时间、地点;2.活动概况;3.活动意义。第2步:根据写作要求,确定关键词(组):tra
ditionalChinesepainting(国画);campus(校园);participants(参与者);givefullplayto(充分发挥);cometoanend(结束)等。第3步:根据提示及关键词(组)进行遣词造句,注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般过去时和一般
现在时。第4步:连句成文,注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡,书写一定要规范清晰,保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】范文内容完整,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式,如LastFridaywitnessedatraditionalChinesepaint
ingcompetition“BeautifulChina”oncampus,whichhassparkedagrowinglovefortraditionalart.运用了非限制性定语从句;Notonl
ydoesithelptobroadentheirhorizonsbutitalsoprovidesaplatformforthemtoexplorethebeautyofChinaandexperiencethecharmofCh
ineseart.运用了部分倒装。全文中没有中国式英语的句式,显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明,上下句转换自然,为文章增色添彩。