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练习22语法填空＋阅读理解授课提示：对应学生用书54页Ⅰ.语法填空2024·湖北中学联考说明文191词★★★☆☆Gathertogetheracoupleofgoodfriendsandtakealeisurelywalkthroughthestr

eets—thisis1.________manyyoungstersinChinaenjoydoingwhentheyvisitanewcity.Tothem,Citywalkmeansroaming(漫步)

aroundthecityonfoot.Itcanbeaspecial2.________(guide)tripforasmallgroupofpeople,3.________simplyaleisurelywalkf

oroneortwotoexplorenewareas,stickingtothekeypoint:avoidingfamousscenicspotsandbigcrowdstogain4.________moreinclusiveexperienceoftheplacesthe

yvisit.Citywalknotonlyoffersawayforyoungpeopletointeractwithacitybutalso5.________(provide)themwithanewsocialscene.

XiaoYiyi,aCitywalk6.________(enthusiastic),launchedherChangsharouteonhersocialmediaaccount,includingmoreoffbeat

sightslikehistoricalsitesandevenastop­off7.________(sample)thelocalcuisine.Manytourguidesalsotrytoex

pandtheirinfluenceonline,8.________(share)theirexperiencestoattractpotentialcustomers.Citywalkisoffe

ringapositivechangetourbantravelersastheycan9.________(well)choosetheexperiencesthatfitinwiththeirinterestsandneeds.Atth

esametime,Citywalkrepresentsanopportunityfortourguidesandtravelserviceproviderstoofferamoretailored,10.________(profession)se

rvicetomeetever­changingmarketdemands.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。一股“城市漫步”(Citywalk)热潮席卷全国，成为年轻人的旅游新宠。它为城市旅行者提供了一个积极

的改变，同时为导游和旅游服务提供商提供了一个机会。1．答案与解析：what分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句。从句中doing后缺少宾语，且表示事物，故填what。句意：和几个好朋友聚在一起，悠闲地在街上漫步——这是

许多中国年轻人在参观新城市时喜欢做的事情。2．答案与解析：guided空处作定语修饰空后名词trip，且表“有向导的，有导游的”，故填形容词guided。3．答案与解析：or语境：对他们来说，Citywalk意味着在一个城市里漫步。它可以是一

小群人的特殊导览之旅，也可以仅仅是一两个人悠闲地散步以探索新的地区。根据语境可知，上下文是选择关系，故用or来连接。4．答案与解析：a根据空前为动词和空后为名词短语可知，此处应填冠词，且此处表泛指，故填a。语境：避开著名景点和人群，以获得更具包容性的游

览体验。5．答案与解析：provides本句用notonly...butalso...来连接，所连接的部分词性一致，故本空应该与offers的时态一致，用一般现在时；主语与provide为主动关系，且主语为第三人称单数，故填provides。句意：Cityw

alk不仅为年轻人提供了一种与城市互动的方式，还为他们提供了一个新的社交场景。6．答案与解析：enthusiast本句的主语XiaoYiyi是一个人名，故此处表示她是一个城市漫步的热衷者，故填enthusias

t。7．答案与解析：tosample句意：城市漫步爱好者肖依依在她的社交媒体账号上推出了她的长沙路线，其中包括更多另类景点，如历史遗迹，甚至还有一个品尝当地美食的站点。本空用不定式结构作目的状语。sample在此作动词，意为“品尝”，属于熟词生义的用法。8．答案与

解析：sharing分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作非谓语。share与逻辑主语Manytourguides之间是主谓关系，故填sharing。句意：许多导游也尽力在网上扩大影响力，分享他们的经验以吸引潜在客户。9．答案与解析：better句意：Citywalk为城市旅行者提供了一个积极的改变，

因为他们可以更好地选择符合自己爱好和需求的体验。根据句意可知，本空填well的比较级better“更好地”。10．答案与解析：professional空处修饰名词service，应用形容词professional“专业的”。句意：同时，Cityw

alk为导游和旅游服务提供商提供了一个机会，可以提供更量身订制的专业服务，以满足不断变化的市场需求。Ⅱ.阅读理解A2024·新课标Ⅱ卷，D书评318词★★★☆☆GiventheastonishingpotentialofAItotransformourlives,

weallneedtotakeactiontodealwithourAI­poweredfuture,andthisiswhereAIbyDesign:APlanforLivingwithArtificialIntelligence

comesin.ThisabsorbingnewbookbyCatrionaCampbellisapracticalroadmapaddressingthechallengesposedbytheforthcomingAIrevolution(变革).In__the__wrong__hands,_

_suchabookcouldproveascomplicatedtoprocessasthecomputercode(代码)thatpowersAIbut,thankfully,Campbellhasmorethantwodecades'pro

fessionalexperiencetranslatingtheheadyintotheunderstandable.Shewritesfromthepracticalangleofabusinesspersonratherthanasanacademic,maki

ngforaguidewhichishighlyaccessibleandinformativeandwhich,bytheclose,willmakeyoufeelalmostassmartasAI.AswesooncometolearnfromAIbyDesign,AIisa

lreadysuper­smartandwillbecomemorecapable,movingfromthecurrentgenerationof“narrow­AI”toArtificialGeneralIntelligence.Fromthere,Campbellsays,wil

lcomeArtificialDominantIntelligence.ThisiswhyCampbellhassetouttoraiseawarenessofAIanditsfuturenow—severaldecadesbeforethesedevelop

mentsareexpectedtotakeplace.Shesaysitisessentialthatwekeepcontrolofartificialintelligence,orriskbeingsidelinedandperhaps

evenworse.Campbell'spointistowakeupthoseresponsibleforAI—thetechnologycompaniesandworldleaders—sotheyareonthesamepageasallthee

xpertscurrentlydevelopingit.Sheexplainsweareata“tippingpoint”inhistoryandmustactnowtopreventanextinction­leveleventforhumanity.

WeneedtoconsiderhowwewantourfuturewithAItopanout.Suchstructuredthinking,followedbyglobalregulation,willenableustoac

hievegreatnessratherthanourdownfall.AIwillaffectusall,andifyouonlyreadonebookonthesubject,thisisit.语篇类型

：书评主题语境：人与社会——图书推荐——AIbyDesign【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了英国人工智能专家卡特里奥娜·坎贝尔2022年度畅销书AIbyDesign:APlanforLivingwithArtificialIntelligence。书中探讨了当前人工智能的发展趋

势和即将到来的人工智能革命，呼吁技术公司和世界领袖应与人工智能专家们达成共识、携手共进、共同面对。1．Whatdoesthephrase“Inthewronghands”inparagraph2probablymean?A．Ifreadbysomeonepo

orlyeducated.B．Ifreviewedbysomeoneill­intentioned.C．Ifwrittenbysomeonelesscompetent.D．Iftranslatedbysomeoneunacademic.答案与解析：C理解词汇。根据画线词后面的“but，than

kfully，Campbellhasmorethantwodecades'professionalexperiencetranslatingtheheadyintotheunderstandable”可知，坎贝尔有二十

多年的专业经验，她能将令人头晕的东西转化为容易理解的东西。由此可见，画线的“Inthewronghands”指的应该是如果换一个能力不如坎贝尔的人来写这本书，故C项正确。competent“足以胜任的，有能力的

，称职的”。A项“如果被受教育程度低的人阅读”；B项“如果被怀有恶意的人评论”；C项“如果被不那么称职的人来写”；D项“如果被不适合做学术的人来翻译”。2．WhatisafeatureofAIbyDesi

gnaccordingtothetext?A．Itispackedwithcomplexcodes.B．Itadoptsadown­to­earthwritingstyle.C．Itprovidesstep­by

­stepinstructions.D．ItisintendedforAIprofessionals.答案与解析：B推断。根据第二段中的“Shewritesfromthepracticalangleofabusinessperson...aguidewhichish

ighlyaccessibleandinformative”可知，她从一个商人的实际角度来写作，使得这本书成为非常易懂且信息丰富的指南。由此可见，这本书的写作风格非常务实，故选B。down­to­earth“务实的，脚踏实地的”。3．WhatdoesCampbellurgep

eopletodoregardingAIdevelopment?A．Observeexistingregulationsonit.B．Reconsiderexpertopinionsaboutit.C．Makejointeffortstokeepitundercontrol.D．Learnfrom

priorexperiencetoslowitdown.答案与解析：C理解具体信息。根据第三段中的“Shesaysitisessentialthatwekeepcontrolofartificialintellig

ence”和第四段中的“Campbell'spointistowakeupthoseresponsibleforAI—thetechnologycompaniesandworldleaders—sot

heyareonthesamepageasalltheexpertscurrentlydevelopingit”可知，坎贝尔建议让人工智能的发展处于控制下，并呼吁技术公司、世界领袖和人工智能专家携手应对，故C项

正确。4．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A．TorecommendabookonAI.B．TogiveabriefaccountofAIhistory.C．ToclarifythedefinitionofAI.D．Tohonoran

outstandingAIexpert.答案与解析：A理解目的。根据最后一段“AIwillaffectusall,andifyouonlyreadonebookonthesubject,thisisit”

并结合全文可知，本文主要给读者推荐了卡特里奥娜·坎贝尔的书AIbyDesign：APlanforLivingwithArtificialIntelligence，故A项正确。A项“推荐一本关于人工智能的书”；B项“简述人工智能的历史”；C项“阐明人工智能的定义”；D项“向一位杰

出的人工智能专家致敬”。B2024·沈阳高三质检说明文328词★★★☆☆InastudyinthejournalScience,researchersatNorthwesternUniversityinIllinoisreportedth

attheyhaddevelopedaneffectiveandinexpensivemethodforbreakingdownchemicalscalledper­andpolyfluoroalkyl

substances(PFAS).PFAS,firstcreatedinthe1930s,arechemicalcompounds(化合物).Theyareusedtomakeawiderangeofeverydayproduc

ts,includingnonstickpans,carpeting,electronics,andfast­foodwrappers.Oncethechemicalsareintheenvironment,theyarealmostimpossibletoeliminatebecause

theyaredesignedtoavoidbreakingdown.Researchershavelinkedregularlevelsofexposuretothesechemicalswithseveralhealthproblems,includingliverdamage,anincr

easedriskofcancer,andreducedimmunity.ScientistshadpreviouslyfiguredouthowtoremovePFASfrompollutedwaterorsoilbuttherewasnosafeandeffectivewaytode

stroythemoncetheywereremoved.ThestudyreportedthatwhentheteamboiledPFASmolecules(分子)withtwocommonsubstances,thePFASqu

icklybrokedownandbecameharmless.In2020,WilliamDichtel,achemistandprofessoratNorthwestern,readastudyinwhichchemists

attheUniversityofAlberta,inCanada,foundaneasywaytobreakdownchainsofmolecules.Heaskedagraduatestudent,BrittanyTrang,tot

rythemethodonPFASmolecules.TranghadspentmonthsinthelabunsuccessfullyattemptingtopullapartPFAS,andatfirstshethought

Dichtel'sideawastoosimpletowork.Butshetriedit,boilingPFASwithacommonsolvent(溶剂)calleddimethylsulfoxide(DMSO).Trangwasshockedwhentheprocessdestroyedth

ePFAS.ShelatermixedDMSOwithachemicalcalledsodiumhydroxideandbrokedownPFASevenmorequickly.Thescientistswil

lworkonwaystodestroyPFASoutsidethelabsolargeamountsofforeverchemicalscanbebrokendownatonce.“It'sahugechallenge,butit'sinourgrasp，”D

ichteltoldTheNewYorkTimes.ScientistsarealsocallingforadecreaseintheamountofPFASbeingreleasedintothenaturalworld.InJune,theUSgovernmenta

nnouncednewplanstomonitorPFAS,decreasetheamountofPFASreleasedintotheenvironment,andaddresstheeffectsofPFASonhumanhealth.

【语篇解读】伊利诺伊州西北大学的研究人员说他们已经开发出一种有效且廉价的方法来分解被称为PFAS的化学物质。本文重点介绍了这种降解方法。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“elim

inate”probablymeaninParagraph2?A．Identify.B．Destroy.C．Appear.D．Release.答案与解析：B理解词汇。根据画线词后的句子“becausetheyaredesignedtoavoidbre

akingdown”可知，这是因为它们的设计是为了避免分解，据此可知，一旦这些化学物质进入环境，它们几乎不可能被消除。所以画线词的意思是“消除”，与destroy意思相近。6．HowdidWilliamDichtelfindthewaytobreakdownchainsofmolecu

les?A．Hegotinformationfromastudyofothers.B．Heconductedtheexperimentsonhisown.C．Hisgraduatestudent,BrittanyTrang,toldhim.D.C

hemistsattheUniversityofAlbertatoldhim.答案与解析：A理解具体信息。根据第四段中的“In2020...chainsofmolecules”可知，西北大学的化学家兼教授WilliamDichtel阅读了一

项研究，加拿大一所大学的化学家在该研究中发现了一种分解分子链的简单方法。据此可知，WilliamDichtel是从别人的研究中得到了信息以此找到分解分子链的方法的。7．WhatcanwelearnaboutBrittanyTrang'sexperiment?A.Shetriedthemeth

odfromDichtelbutdidn'tsucceedatfirst.B．ShepulledapartPFASwithherownideaatherfirstattempt.C．Shedevelopedamoreeffec

tivemethodtobreakdownPFAS.D．ShethoughtDichtel'sideawastoosimple,soshedidn'ttryit.答案与解析：C理解具体信息。根据第五段中的“

Butshetriedit...evenmorequickly”可知，她尝试用一种叫DMSO的普通溶剂煮沸PFAS，这种方法可以降解PFAS；此后她将DMSO与一种叫氢氧化钠的化学物质混合，更快地分解PFAS。据此可知，Britt

anyTrang发现了一种更有效的方法来分解PFAS。8．Whatdoscientistsadvocatethepublicdoing?A．AddressingtheeffectsofPFASonhumanhealthandenvironment.B．Reducingtheamount

ofPFASbeingreleasedintotheenvironment.C．FindingmoreeffectivewaystodestroyPFASinandoutsidethelab.D．StoppingtheuseofPFASinevery

daylifetoavoidhealthproblems.答案与解析：B理解具体信息。根据尾段中的“Scientistsarealsocalling...thenaturalworld”可知，科学家倡导公众减少释放到环境中的PFAS的数量。黄金考点语法填空——时态考点30时态与上下文

要一致考例Actually,I________(start)tolearnkungfuwhenIwassevenyearsold.点拨根据时间状语从句whenIwassevenyearsold可知，此处是在叙述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，

故填started。考点31并列成分前后时态要一致考例Theinstructorkeptrepeatingthewords,“Speedup！”“Slowdown！”“________(turn)left！”点拨根据前面教练发出的两个指令可知，这三个短句属于并列

结构，都是祈使句，谓语动词用原形，所以应填Turn，跟前面的Speed和Slow一致。