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练习22语法填空＋阅读理解授课提示：对应学生用书54页Ⅰ.语法填空2024·湖北中学联考说明文191词★★★☆☆Gathertogetheracoupleofgoodfriendsandtakealeisurelywalkthro

ughthestreets—thisis1.________manyyoungstersinChinaenjoydoingwhentheyvisitanewcity.Tothem,Citywalkmeansroaming(漫步)aroundthecityonfoot.Itcanbe

aspecial2.________(guide)tripforasmallgroupofpeople,3.________simplyaleisurelywalkforoneortwotoexplorenewareas,stickingto

thekeypoint:avoidingfamousscenicspotsandbigcrowdstogain4.________moreinclusiveexperienceoftheplacestheyvisit.Citywalknoto

nlyoffersawayforyoungpeopletointeractwithacitybutalso5.________(provide)themwithanewsocialscene.XiaoYiyi,

aCitywalk6.________(enthusiastic),launchedherChangsharouteonhersocialmediaaccount,includingmoreoffbeatsightslikehistoric

alsitesandevenastop­off7.________(sample)thelocalcuisine.Manytourguidesalsotrytoexpandtheirinfluenceonline,8.________(share)theirexperienc

estoattractpotentialcustomers.Citywalkisofferingapositivechangetourbantravelersastheycan9.________(well)choosetheexperiencesthatfitinwiththeirinte

restsandneeds.Atthesametime,Citywalkrepresentsanopportunityfortourguidesandtravelserviceproviderstoofferamoretailored,10.______

__(profession)servicetomeetever­changingmarketdemands.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。一股“城市漫步”(Citywalk)热潮席卷全国，成为年轻人的旅游新宠。它为城市旅行者提供了一个积极的改变，同时为导游和旅游服务提供商提

供了一个机会。1．答案与解析：what分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句。从句中doing后缺少宾语，且表示事物，故填what。句意：和几个好朋友聚在一起，悠闲地在街上漫步——这是许多中国年轻人在参观新城市时喜欢做的事情。2．答案与解析：guide

d空处作定语修饰空后名词trip，且表“有向导的，有导游的”，故填形容词guided。3．答案与解析：or语境：对他们来说，Citywalk意味着在一个城市里漫步。它可以是一小群人的特殊导览之旅，也可以仅仅是一两个人悠闲地散步以探索新的地区。根据语境可知，上下文是选择关系，故用or来连接。4．答

案与解析：a根据空前为动词和空后为名词短语可知，此处应填冠词，且此处表泛指，故填a。语境：避开著名景点和人群，以获得更具包容性的游览体验。5．答案与解析：provides本句用notonly...butalso...来连接，所连接的部分词性一致，故本空应该与offers的时态一致，用一

般现在时；主语与provide为主动关系，且主语为第三人称单数，故填provides。句意：Citywalk不仅为年轻人提供了一种与城市互动的方式，还为他们提供了一个新的社交场景。6．答案与解析：enthusiast本句的主语XiaoYiyi是一

个人名，故此处表示她是一个城市漫步的热衷者，故填enthusiast。7．答案与解析：tosample句意：城市漫步爱好者肖依依在她的社交媒体账号上推出了她的长沙路线，其中包括更多另类景点，如历史遗迹，甚至还有一个品尝当地美食的站点。本空用不定式结构作目的状语。s

ample在此作动词，意为“品尝”，属于熟词生义的用法。8．答案与解析：sharing分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作非谓语。share与逻辑主语Manytourguides之间是主谓关系，故填sharing。句意

：许多导游也尽力在网上扩大影响力，分享他们的经验以吸引潜在客户。9．答案与解析：better句意：Citywalk为城市旅行者提供了一个积极的改变，因为他们可以更好地选择符合自己爱好和需求的体验。根据句意可知，本空填well的比较级better“更好地”。10．答

案与解析：professional空处修饰名词service，应用形容词professional“专业的”。句意：同时，Citywalk为导游和旅游服务提供商提供了一个机会，可以提供更量身订制的专业服务，以满足不断变化的

市场需求。Ⅱ.阅读理解A2024·新课标Ⅱ卷，D书评318词★★★☆☆GiventheastonishingpotentialofAItotransformourlives,weallneedtotakeactiontodealwithourAI­power

edfuture,andthisiswhereAIbyDesign:APlanforLivingwithArtificialIntelligencecomesin.ThisabsorbingnewbookbyCatrionaCampbelli

sapracticalroadmapaddressingthechallengesposedbytheforthcomingAIrevolution(变革).In__the__wrong__hands,__suchabookcouldproveascomplicatedtopr

ocessasthecomputercode(代码)thatpowersAIbut,thankfully,Campbellhasmorethantwodecades'professionalexperiencetranslatingtheheadyintothe

understandable.Shewritesfromthepracticalangleofabusinesspersonratherthanasanacademic,makingforaguidewhichishighlyaccessibleandinformativeandw

hich,bytheclose,willmakeyoufeelalmostassmartasAI.AswesooncometolearnfromAIbyDesign,AIisalreadysuper­smartandwillbecomemoreca

pable,movingfromthecurrentgenerationof“narrow­AI”toArtificialGeneralIntelligence.Fromthere,Campbellsays,willcomeArtificialDominantIntellig

ence.ThisiswhyCampbellhassetouttoraiseawarenessofAIanditsfuturenow—severaldecadesbeforethesedevelopmentsareexp

ectedtotakeplace.Shesaysitisessentialthatwekeepcontrolofartificialintelligence,orriskbeingsidelinedandperhapsevenworse.Campbel

l'spointistowakeupthoseresponsibleforAI—thetechnologycompaniesandworldleaders—sotheyareonthesamepageasal

ltheexpertscurrentlydevelopingit.Sheexplainsweareata“tippingpoint”inhistoryandmustactnowtopreventanextinction­leveleventforhumanity.Weneedtocon

siderhowwewantourfuturewithAItopanout.Suchstructuredthinking,followedbyglobalregulation,willenableustoachievegreatnessratherthanourdow

nfall.AIwillaffectusall,andifyouonlyreadonebookonthesubject,thisisit.语篇类型：书评主题语境：人与社会——图书推荐——AIbyDesign【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了英国人工智能专家卡特里奥娜·坎贝尔2022年度畅销书AIby

Design:APlanforLivingwithArtificialIntelligence。书中探讨了当前人工智能的发展趋势和即将到来的人工智能革命，呼吁技术公司和世界领袖应与人工智能专家们达成共识、携手共进、共同面对。1．Whatdoesthephrase“Inthewronghands”i

nparagraph2probablymean?A．Ifreadbysomeonepoorlyeducated.B．Ifreviewedbysomeoneill­intentioned.C．Ifwrittenbysomeonele

sscompetent.D．Iftranslatedbysomeoneunacademic.答案与解析：C理解词汇。根据画线词后面的“but，thankfully，Campbellhasmorethantwodecades'professionalexperien

cetranslatingtheheadyintotheunderstandable”可知，坎贝尔有二十多年的专业经验，她能将令人头晕的东西转化为容易理解的东西。由此可见，画线的“Inthewronghands”指的应该是如果换一个能力不如坎贝尔的人来写这本书，故C项正确。c

ompetent“足以胜任的，有能力的，称职的”。A项“如果被受教育程度低的人阅读”；B项“如果被怀有恶意的人评论”；C项“如果被不那么称职的人来写”；D项“如果被不适合做学术的人来翻译”。2．WhatisafeatureofAIbyDesignaccordingtothetex

t?A．Itispackedwithcomplexcodes.B．Itadoptsadown­to­earthwritingstyle.C．Itprovidesstep­by­stepinstructions.D．Itisintendedf

orAIprofessionals.答案与解析：B推断。根据第二段中的“Shewritesfromthepracticalangleofabusinessperson...aguidewhichishighlyaccessibleandinformative”可知，她从一个商人

的实际角度来写作，使得这本书成为非常易懂且信息丰富的指南。由此可见，这本书的写作风格非常务实，故选B。down­to­earth“务实的，脚踏实地的”。3．WhatdoesCampbellurgepeopletodor

egardingAIdevelopment?A．Observeexistingregulationsonit.B．Reconsiderexpertopinionsaboutit.C．Makejointeffortstokeepitundercontrol.D．

Learnfrompriorexperiencetoslowitdown.答案与解析：C理解具体信息。根据第三段中的“Shesaysitisessentialthatwekeepcontrolofartificialintelligence”和第四段中的“Campbell'spointi

stowakeupthoseresponsibleforAI—thetechnologycompaniesandworldleaders—sotheyareonthesamepageasalltheexpertscurrentlydevelopin

git”可知，坎贝尔建议让人工智能的发展处于控制下，并呼吁技术公司、世界领袖和人工智能专家携手应对，故C项正确。4．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Torecommendabooko

nAI.B．TogiveabriefaccountofAIhistory.C．ToclarifythedefinitionofAI.D．TohonoranoutstandingAIexpert.答案与解析：A理解目的。根据最后一段“A

Iwillaffectusall,andifyouonlyreadonebookonthesubject,thisisit”并结合全文可知，本文主要给读者推荐了卡特里奥娜·坎贝尔的书AIbyDesign：APlanforLivingwithAr

tificialIntelligence，故A项正确。A项“推荐一本关于人工智能的书”；B项“简述人工智能的历史”；C项“阐明人工智能的定义”；D项“向一位杰出的人工智能专家致敬”。B2024·沈阳高三质检说明文328

词★★★☆☆InastudyinthejournalScience,researchersatNorthwesternUniversityinIllinoisreportedthattheyhaddevelopedaneffectiveandinexp

ensivemethodforbreakingdownchemicalscalledper­andpolyfluoroalkylsubstances(PFAS).PFAS,firstcreatedinthe1930s,arechemicalcompounds(化合物).Theyareused

tomakeawiderangeofeverydayproducts,includingnonstickpans,carpeting,electronics,andfast­foodwrappers.Oncethechemicalsareintheenvironment,theyar

ealmostimpossibletoeliminatebecausetheyaredesignedtoavoidbreakingdown.Researchershavelinkedregularlevelsofexposureto

thesechemicalswithseveralhealthproblems,includingliverdamage,anincreasedriskofcancer,andreducedimmunity.Scientistshadpreviouslyfiguredouthowtore

movePFASfrompollutedwaterorsoilbuttherewasnosafeandeffectivewaytodestroythemoncetheywereremoved.Thestudyreportedthatwhentheteambo

iledPFASmolecules(分子)withtwocommonsubstances,thePFASquicklybrokedownandbecameharmless.In2020,WilliamDichtel,achemistandprofessoratNorth

western,readastudyinwhichchemistsattheUniversityofAlberta,inCanada,foundaneasywaytobreakdownchainsofmolecules.

Heaskedagraduatestudent,BrittanyTrang,totrythemethodonPFASmolecules.Tranghadspentmonthsinthelabunsuccess

fullyattemptingtopullapartPFAS,andatfirstshethoughtDichtel'sideawastoosimpletowork.Butshetriedit,boilingPFAS

withacommonsolvent(溶剂)calleddimethylsulfoxide(DMSO).TrangwasshockedwhentheprocessdestroyedthePFAS.ShelatermixedDMSOwithachemicalcal

ledsodiumhydroxideandbrokedownPFASevenmorequickly.ThescientistswillworkonwaystodestroyPFASoutsidethelabsolargeam

ountsofforeverchemicalscanbebrokendownatonce.“It'sahugechallenge,butit'sinourgrasp，”DichteltoldTheNewYorkTimes.Scientistsar

ealsocallingforadecreaseintheamountofPFASbeingreleasedintothenaturalworld.InJune,theUSgovernmentannouncednewplanstomo

nitorPFAS,decreasetheamountofPFASreleasedintotheenvironment,andaddresstheeffectsofPFASonhumanhealth.【语篇解读】伊利诺伊州西北大学的研究人员

说他们已经开发出一种有效且廉价的方法来分解被称为PFAS的化学物质。本文重点介绍了这种降解方法。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eliminate”probablymeaninParagrap

h2?A．Identify.B．Destroy.C．Appear.D．Release.答案与解析：B理解词汇。根据画线词后的句子“becausetheyaredesignedtoavoidbreakingdown”可知，这是因为

它们的设计是为了避免分解，据此可知，一旦这些化学物质进入环境，它们几乎不可能被消除。所以画线词的意思是“消除”，与destroy意思相近。6．HowdidWilliamDichtelfindthewaytobreakdownchainsofmolecules?A

．Hegotinformationfromastudyofothers.B．Heconductedtheexperimentsonhisown.C．Hisgraduatestudent,BrittanyTrang,toldhim.D.Ch

emistsattheUniversityofAlbertatoldhim.答案与解析：A理解具体信息。根据第四段中的“In2020...chainsofmolecules”可知，西北大学的化学家兼教授WilliamDichtel阅读了一项研究，加拿大一所大学的化学

家在该研究中发现了一种分解分子链的简单方法。据此可知，WilliamDichtel是从别人的研究中得到了信息以此找到分解分子链的方法的。7．WhatcanwelearnaboutBrittanyTrang'sexperiment?A.Shetri

edthemethodfromDichtelbutdidn'tsucceedatfirst.B．ShepulledapartPFASwithherownideaatherfirstattempt.C．Shedevelopedamoreeffectivemethodtobreakdo

wnPFAS.D．ShethoughtDichtel'sideawastoosimple,soshedidn'ttryit.答案与解析：C理解具体信息。根据第五段中的“Butshetriedit...eve

nmorequickly”可知，她尝试用一种叫DMSO的普通溶剂煮沸PFAS，这种方法可以降解PFAS；此后她将DMSO与一种叫氢氧化钠的化学物质混合，更快地分解PFAS。据此可知，BrittanyTran

g发现了一种更有效的方法来分解PFAS。8．Whatdoscientistsadvocatethepublicdoing?A．AddressingtheeffectsofPFASonhumanhealthandenvironment.B．Reducingt

heamountofPFASbeingreleasedintotheenvironment.C．FindingmoreeffectivewaystodestroyPFASinandoutsidethelab.D．Stoppingtheuse

ofPFASineverydaylifetoavoidhealthproblems.答案与解析：B理解具体信息。根据尾段中的“Scientistsarealsocalling...thenaturalworld”可知，科学家倡导公众减少释放到环境中的PFAS的数量。黄金考点语法填空—

—时态考点30时态与上下文要一致考例Actually,I________(start)tolearnkungfuwhenIwassevenyearsold.点拨根据时间状语从句whenIwassevenyearsold可知，此处

是在叙述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填started。考点31并列成分前后时态要一致考例Theinstructorkeptrepeatingthewords,“Speedup！”“Slowdown！”“________(turn)left！”点拨根据前面教练发出的两个指令可知

，这三个短句属于并列结构，都是祈使句，谓语动词用原形，所以应填Turn，跟前面的Speed和Slow一致。