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练习22语法填空＋阅读理解Ⅰ.语法填空2023·合肥高三质检说明文191词★★★☆☆Despiteitsvastdistancesandhugevariety1.________landscapes,gettingaroundinChinaisconvenientandinexpen

sive.Shiningbullettrainszip(疾驰)toallcornersofthecountry,whilebusesconnectsmallertownsandvillages.TraintravelisthebestwaytogetaroundChinafo

rcomfort,2.________(convenient)andsustainability.Chinahastheworld's3.________(long)andmost­usedhigh­speedrailwaynetwork.Inbetwe

en,slowerexpresses,localandovernighttrainsconnectmanysmallertowns.Upgradesandexpansionsoftherailwaynetworkcontinuequickly,withthou

sandsofkilometersofnewtracklaideachyear,4.________makesitpossibletogetalmostanywhereyouwantbyrail.High­speedtrainsareusuallybrandnewand5.

________(amazing)efficient,withbothbusinessandregularclass6.________(section)comfortableandclean.However,itisontheslower,moretradition

altrainsthatyou'llseethebestofChina'strainculture,andhavethechance7.________(meet)locals,exchangesnack

sandlearnsomethingnewasyoutrundle(慢行)throughtheChinesecountryside.Forremotepartsandsmallvillages,long­distancebusesareoften8._

_______onlyoption.Bustraveltendstobemuchcheaperthantrainorairtickets,andit'srelativelycomfortable,withvehicles9.______

__(range)fromexpresscoachestosmallerminibuses.China10.________(lead)thewayinelectrifyingitsbusfleets(车队),witharound500，00

0electricbusesinoperationaroundthecountry,mostofthemincities.Ⅱ.阅读理解A2023·南京高三质检记叙文335词★★★☆☆Lidendecidedthathewouldnot

pickoutaringfromajeweler'slikemostotherpeople.Hehatchedanambitiousplantocreateapersonalizedringforhisfuturewife,Desirae.Therefore,hemadeuphismindto

gointothewildtofindhisownmaterials:thediamond,thegoldandtheaccompanyingjewels.So,inMay2021,LidentoldhisloverthatheandJo

shTucker,hisbestfriend,wouldhaveaYellowstonecampingtrip.Instead,heandTuckermadeforCraterofDiamondsStateP

ark,Arkansas,whichissetonavolcaniccrater(坑).Theparkisoneofthefewplacesintheworldwherethepubliciswelcometosearchforrealdiamondsandcankeepthem

forfree.Lidenrealizedthattherewasonlylesschanceforhimtodiscoveraspectaculardiamond,buthetookonthechallenge.

Ontheirway,LidenandTuckerstoppedinHelena,Montana,tomineforaccompanyingjewelstoaddtothediamondtheyhopedtofind.InArk

ansas,thepairpaidfortheentranceticketstogetintotheparkandspentalmostthreedayssearchingthroughthevolcanicdirt.Onthethirdday,Lidensudde

nlyspottedsomethingreflectinglightinthesands.“IwassoexcitedthatIstartedshaking，”hesaid,“itwasoilyandshiny,andIimmediatelykn

ewitwasadiamond.”ItwasconfirmedthatLidenhadfounda2.2­caratyellowdiamond.Similarly­sizeddiamondsgofor$2，500to$20，00

0percarat,dependingonquality,colorandthecut.Butthevaluewasn'twhatwasimportanttoLiden.Whenhepulledoutthediamondandwentdowno

nonekneeuponhisreturn,Desiraewasamazed.“Iknewthathewasgoingtoproposesomeday，”shesaid,“butIcertainlydidn'texpectthis.”1．WhatwasLiden'sambiti

ousplan?A．Heintendedhisringtoconsistofvariousjewels.B.Hewouldgetapersonalizedringfromajeweler's.C．Hedeci

dedtomakearingtogetherwithhisfuturewife.D．Heplannedtohuntforanaturaldiamondtocreatearing.2．WhydidLide

nandTuckerchooseCraterofDiamondsStatePark?A．Itwastheonlyplacethatchargedjewelhuntersnothing.B．Theywerelikel

ytofindmorethanjustnaturaldiamonds.C．Themajorityofparkvisitorshadgottheiridealdiamonds.D．Thepublicwasallowedtokeepanydia

mondfoundthere.3．WhywasLidenexcitedabouthisfindings?A．Hehadgotthelargestdiamondinthepark'shistory.B．Thevalueofthediamondwasabovehisexp

ectations.C.Hewasluckytoacquirethediamondforhisdreamring.D．Thequalityandcolorofhisdiamondrankedamongthebest.4．Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A．Tr

uelovestoriesneverhaveendings.B．Loveshowsmoreinactionthaninwords.C．Absencemakestwoheartsgrowfonder.D．Alifefulloflovewillneverbebori

ng.B2023·沈阳高三质检说明文328词★★★☆☆InastudyinthejournalScience,researchersatNorthwesternUniversityinIllinoisreportedthattheyhaddevelopedaneffectiveandinexpe

nsivemethodforbreakingdownchemicalscalledper­andpolyfluoroalkylsubstances(PFAS).PFAS,firstcreatedinthe1930s,arechemicalcompounds(化合物).T

heyareusedtomakeawiderangeofeverydayproducts,includingnonstickpans,carpeting,electronics,andfast­foodwrappers.Oncethechemicalsareinthe

environment,theyarealmostimpossibletoeliminatebecausetheyaredesignedtoavoidbreakingdown.Researchershavelinkedregularlevelsofexpos

uretothesechemicalswithseveralhealthproblems,includingliverdamage,anincreasedriskofcancer,andreducedimmunity.Scientistshadpreviously

figuredouthowtoremovePFASfrompollutedwaterorsoilbuttherewasnosafeandeffectivewaytodestroythemoncetheywereremoved.Thestudyreportedthatwh

entheteamboiledPFASmolecules(分子)withtwocommonsubstances,thePFASquicklybrokedownandbecameharmless.In2020,WilliamDichtel,achemistandprof

essoratNorthwestern,readastudyinwhichchemistsattheUniversityofAlberta,inCanada,foundaneasywaytobreakdownchainsofmolecules.H

easkedagraduatestudent,BrittanyTrang,totrythemethodonPFASmolecules.TranghadspentmonthsinthelabunsuccessfullyattemptingtopullapartPFAS,an

datfirstshethoughtDichtel'sideawastoosimpletowork.Butshetriedit,boilingPFASwithacommonsolvent(溶剂)calle

ddimethylsulfoxide(DMSO).TrangwasshockedwhentheprocessdestroyedthePFAS.ShelatermixedDMSOwithachemicalcalledsodiu

mhydroxideandbrokedownPFASevenmorequickly.ThescientistswillworkonwaystodestroyPFASoutsidethelabsolargeamountsoffo

reverchemicalscanbebrokendownatonce.“It'sahugechallenge,butit'sinourgrasp，”DichteltoldTheNewYorkTimes.Scient

istsarealsocallingforadecreaseintheamountofPFASbeingreleasedintothenaturalworld.InJune,theUSgovernment

announcednewplanstomonitorPFAS,decreasetheamountofPFASreleasedintotheenvironment,andaddresstheeffectsofPFASonhumanhealth.5．Whatdoestheun

derlinedword“eliminate”probablymeaninParagraph2?A．Identify.B．Destroy.C．Appear.D．Release.6．HowdidWilliamDichtelfindthewaytobreakdown

chainsofmolecules?A．Hegotinformationfromastudyofothers.B．Heconductedtheexperimentsonhisown.C．Hisgraduatestudent,BrittanyTrang,toldhim.D.Chemis

tsattheUniversityofAlbertatoldhim.7．WhatcanwelearnaboutBrittanyTrang'sexperiment?A.ShetriedthemethodfromDichte

lbutdidn'tsucceedatfirst.B．ShepulledapartPFASwithherownideaatherfirstattempt.C.Shedevelopedamoreeffec

tivemethodtobreakdownPFAS.D．ShethoughtDichtel'sideawastoosimple,soshedidn'ttryit.8．Whatdoscientistsadvocatethepublicdoi

ng?A．AddressingtheeffectsofPFASonhumanhealthandenvironment.B．ReducingtheamountofPFASbeingreleasedintotheenviron

ment.C．FindingmoreeffectivewaystodestroyPFASinandoutsidethelab.D．StoppingtheuseofPFASineverydaylifetoavoidhealthpro

blems.黄金考点语法填空——时态考点30时态与上下文要一致考例Actually,I________(start)tolearnkungfuwhenIwassevenyearsold.点拨根据时间状语从句whenIwasseve

nyearsold可知，此处是在叙述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填started。考点31并列成分前后时态要一致考例Theinstructorkeptrepeatingthewords,“Speedup！”“Slowdown！”“________(turn)left！”点拨根据

前面教练发出的两个指令可知，这三个短句属于并列结构，都是祈使句，谓语动词用原形，所以应填Turn，跟前面的Speed和Slow一致。