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练习18阅读理解＋读后续写授课提示：对应学生用书42页Ⅰ.阅读理解A2024·贵阳质量监测应用文302词★★★☆☆Xi'an，asthelongest­runningcapitalinancientChina,hasshapedthecountry'scu

ltureandhistory.Withahistoryofover3,000years,ithasgivenbirthtomanydynasties.Ifplanningashorttour,besuretovisittherecommendedattractionsthattrulycapt

urethespiritofthisancientcity.TheTerracottaArmyTheTerracottaArmyisaremarkablearchaeologicalfindandapopul

artouristdestinationinChina.ConstructedbyEmperorQinShihuanginthe3rdcenturyBC,itfeatureslife­sizeterracottasoldiers,horses,andchariotsarran

gedinbattleformation.Themuseumhousesthreevaults(墓穴)andanexhibitionhall,withVaultOnebeingthelargest,displayingover6，000figures.Thesesculptures

offerinsightsofhighvalueintoancientChina'shistory,military,andculture.Xi'anAncientCityWallXi'anAncientCityWallwasbu

iltinthe14thcenturybyZhuYuanzhang,thefirstemperoroftheMingDynasty(1368—1644)asamilitarydefencesystem.

Nowitisoneoftheoldestandbest­preservedChinesecitywalls.Thewallisnowalandmark,dividingthecityintoinnerandouterareas.Whenyoutakeastrollorcycleonthe

massivewall,youcanenjoyagoodviewofthecity,themoat(护城河)andthewatchtowers.GiantWildGoosePagodaTheGiantWildGoosePagodainChinawasbuiltduringth

eTangDynastyasastudyplaceforBuddhisttexts.Itstoredsutras(佛经)andsculpturesbroughtfromIndiabyMonkXuanZang,whotra

nslatedscripturesherefor19years.SituatedinDaCi'enTemple,thepagoda'simpressivebrickstructurereflectstraditionalChinesearchitecture,creatingasol

emnandmagnificentatmosphere.ShaanxiHistoryMuseumTheShaanxiHistoryMuseumdisplays370，000relicsfoundinShaanxi,China,includingbronzew

are(青铜器),potteryfigures，goldandsilverware,andTangDynastymurals.18piecesarenationaltreasures.Xi'an,theforme

rcapital,hasmanyhistoricalsites.Themuseumisdividedintothreesections,exhibitingartifactsfromprimitiveerastothelateQingDynasty.【

语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章讲述了西安旅游景点。1．Whichofthefollowingattractionswasbuiltasamilitarydefencesystem?A．TheTerracottaArmy

.B．Xi'anAncientCityWall.C．GiantWildGoosePagoda.D．ShaanxiHistoryMuseum.答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据Xi'anAncientCityWall部分中的“Xi'anAncientCityWallwasbu

iltinthe14thcentury...asamilitarydefencesystem.”可知，西安古城墙始建于14世纪，由明朝(1368—1644)第一位皇帝朱元璋修建，作为军事防御系统，也就是说西安古城墙是作为军事防御系

统建造的。故选B。2．WhatdotheTerracottaArmyandXi'anAncientCityWallhaveincommon?A．Theywerebuiltatthesameperiod.B．Theybothdividethecityin

totwoareas.C．Theywerebothbuiltbyemperors.D．Theybothofferagoodviewofthecity.答案与解析：C细节理解题。TheTerracottaArmy中讲到兵马俑由秦始皇于公元前3世纪建造；Xi'anAncientCityWall中讲

到西安古城墙始建于14世纪，由明朝(1368—1644)第一位皇帝朱元璋修建。由此可知，兵马俑和西安古城墙的共同之处是它们都是由皇帝组建的。故选C。A项“它们是在同一时期建造的”，B项“它们都将城市分为两个区域”，C项“它们都是由皇帝组建的”，D项“它们都提供

了城市的美景”。3．WhatcanweknowabouttheGiantWildGoosePagoda?A．ItwasbuiltduringtheTangDynasty.B．ItwasbroughtfromIndi

abyXuanZang.C．ItwaswrittenintheBuddhisttexts.D．Itwasusedasastudyplaceforgoose.答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据GiantWildGoosePagoda部分中的“TheGi

antWildGoosePagodainChinawasbuiltduringtheTangDynasty”可知，中国的大雁塔建于唐代。故选A。B2024·合肥高三质检说明文290词★★☆☆☆Greenland

holdsenoughicetoraiseglobalsealevelby7metersifitwerealltomelt(融化).Thesheetcurrentlylosesaround270billiontonsoficeeachyear,a

ndcontributestomorethan4millimeters'globalsealevelriseannually—from2013to2022,theaverageannualglobalsealevelrisewas4.62m

illimeters.However,Greenland'smassiveicesheet,whichismeltingbecauseofclimatechange,couldbesavedfromcompletemeltingevenifglobaltemperaturesr

ocketpastkeyinternationaltargets,astudysuggests.Usingclimatemodelling,theresearchconcludesthatGreenla

nd'smeltingwillaccelerateabruptlyiftheaverageglobaltemperaturecrossesathreshold(阈值)thatisnohigherthan2.3

℃abovepre­industriallevels—andcouldbemuchlower.Thatthresholdmightbegettingquiteclose:theaveragetemperaturein2025is

likelytohit1.5℃abovepre­industriallevels.ButwedonotnecessarilytiptheGreenlandicesheetjustbecausewecrossthethreshold.Ev

eniftemperaturesshootupby6℃ormoreabovepre­industriallevels,humanitywillbeabletoreducemuchofthaticelossifwarmingisli

mitedto1.5℃withinafewcenturies,thestudyshows.Itmeansthattheicesheetcanbesaved.ButNilsBochow,aclimatescientistatUiTTheArctic

UniversityofNorwayandleadauthorofthestudy,andothersarequicktonotethattakingactionagainstclimatechangenowwillbec

heaperandeasierthantryingtocontrolglobaltemperatureslater.“It'saworthwhiletooltoexplorebecausewhatwehavedonesofarintermsofpolicyi

snotenoughtobewithinthelimit，”saysBochow.Theauthorsexaminetheeffectofaverageglobaltemperatureincreasesratherthantemperatureincreases

intheArctic,whicharehappeningatleastthreetimesfasterthanthoseontherestoftheplanet.Andthestudyassumesthatsocietywillsomehowworkoutawaytocutdowngreenh

ousegasemissions(排放)sharplyinthefuture，perhapsthroughcarbon­storagetechnology.Petrini,thecoauthorofthestudy,sayshedoesn'twantpeopletothinktheG

reenlandicesheetisgoingtobefine.“There'sachancetopreventsomeseriousconsequencesevenifthere'snopoliticalwillnow，”hesays.“

Butweshoulddoourbittodayratherthanlater.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于格陵兰岛冰原融化速率的最新研究。4．WhatdowelearnabouttheGreenlandicesheet?A．It'sdisappeari

ngataconstantrate.B．It'slostmorethanhalfofitsice.C．Itcontributesmuchtothesealevelrise.D．Ithasraisedglobalsealevelby7meters.答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据第一段

中的“Thesheetcurrently...contributestomorethan4millimeters'globalsealevelriseannually—from2013to2022,theaverageannualglobalsealevelrisewas4.62

millimeters.”可知，目前，格陵兰岛的冰盖每年损失约2700亿吨冰，导致全球海平面上升超过4毫米—从2013年到2022年，平均每年海平面上升4.62毫米。由此可知，全球海平面上升受格陵兰岛冰盖融化影响很大。故

选C项。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tip”inParagraph2mean?A．Overturn.B．Discount.C．Preserve.D．Explore.答案与解析：A词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“Evenif

temperaturesshootupby6℃ormoreabovepre­industriallevels,humanitywillbeabletoreducemuchofthaticelossifwarmingislimitedto1.5℃within...b

esaved.”可知，即使温度高于工业化前水平6℃或更多，如果升温在几个世纪内限制在1.5℃以内，人类将能够减少大部分冰损失。这意味着冰盖可以被拯救。由此可知，画线词所在句表示超过阈值不一定就会触发格陵兰岛冰盖的垮塌。tip意为“使倾倒，倾覆”，与over

turn意思相近。此处考查tip的熟词生义。故选A项。6．HowdoesNilsBochowfindpresentpoliciesonclimatechange?A．Theypushtheclimatetothelimit.B．Theyha

venopracticaluse.C．Theyaresuitableforclimatecontrol.D．Theyneedfurtherimprovement.答案与解析：D推理判断题。根据第三段中的“It'saworthwhiletool

toexplorebecausewhatwehavedonesofarintermsofpolicyisnotenoughtobewithinthelimit”可知，这是一个值得探索的方法，因为到目前为止，我们在政策方面所做的还不足以把全球气温控制在合理范围内。由此可知，N

ilsBochow应是认为现行政策还不够好，仍需要改善。故选D项。7．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．GlobalWarming:DestroyerofIceSheetB．HowtoSaveGreenland'sMassiveIc

eSheetC．ClimateModelling:HelperofScientistsD．HowGreenland'sMeltingAffectsOurPlanet答案与解析：B主旨大意题。阅读全文可知，本文主要介绍了科学家们发现如果全球平均温度超过阈值，格陵

兰岛冰盖的融化会骤然加速，但即便如此，快速行动也可以稳定住它。B项“如何拯救格陵兰岛的巨大冰盖”点明了主旨，作标题最佳。Ⅱ.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷]WhenIwasinmiddleschool

,mysocialstudiesteacheraskedmetoenterawritingcontest.Isaidnowithoutthinking.Ididnotlovewriting.MyfamilycamefromBraz

il,soEnglishwasonlymysecondlanguage.Writingwassodifficultandpainfulformethatmyteacherhadallowedmetopresentmypaperonthesinkingof

theTitanicbyactingoutaplay,whereIplayedalltheparts.Noonelaughedharderthanhedid.So,whydidhesuddenlyforcem

etodosomethingatwhichIwassuretofail?Hisreply:“BecauseIloveyourstories.Ifyou'rewillingtoapplyyourself,Ithinkyouhaveagoodshotatthis.”Encoura

gedbyhiswords,Iagreedtogiveitatry.IchosePaulRevere'shorseasmysubject.PaulReverewasasilversmith(银匠)inBostonwhorodeahorseatnighton

April18,1775toLexingtontowarnpeoplethatBritishsoldierswerecoming.Mystorywouldcomestraightfromthehorse'smouth.Notabrilliantidea,butfunny;andunli

kelytobeanyoneelse'schoice.Whatdidthehorsethink,ashespedthroughthenight?Didhegettired?Havedoubts?Didhewanttoquit?Isympathizedimmediate

ly.Igottired.Ihaddoubts.Iwantedtoquit.But,likeRevere'shorse,Ikeptgoing.Iworkedhard.Icheckedmyspelling.Iaskedmyoldersistertocorrectmygrammar.Ic

heckedoutahalf­dozenbooksonPaulReverefromthelibrary.Ievenreadafewofthem.WhenIhandedintheessaytomyteacher,hereadit,laughedoutloud,andsaid,“Great

.Now,writeitagain.”Iwroteitagain,andagainandagain.WhenIfinallyfinishedit,thethoughtofwinninghadgivenwaytotheenjoymentofwriting.IfIdidn'twin,

Iwouldn'tcare.注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；2．请按如下格式作答。Afewweekslater,whenIalmostforgotthecontest,therecamethenews.________________________________________

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___________________________________________________________________________________________________Iwenttomyteacher'sofficeaftertheawardpresentatio

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___________________________________________________________________________Onepossibleversion：Afewweeks

later,whenIalmostforgotthecontest,therecamethenews.IwasinformedthatIwonthefirstprizeinthewritingcontestandthattherewouldbeana

wardpresentationintwodays.IwassohappytohearthenewsthatIimmediatelyshareditwithmyteacher.“Iknewyou'dwin!Ia

mproudofyou.Youmadeit！”hesaidexcitedly.Thencamethebigday.WhenIwasinvitedtothestagetoreceivetheaward,Iexpressedmythankstomyt

eacher.Isaid,“It'syouwhomakemefallinlovewithwriting,mysocialstudiesteacher.Withoutyourrecognitionandguidanc

e,Icouldn'thavewrittenthisarticle.Againthankyouverymuch！”Iwenttomyteacher'sofficeaftertheawardpresentation.Myteacherwaswaitingforme.Holdingmyha

nds,hesaid“Congratulations!Youareagoodwriter,sokeepwriting.”“YouknowIdidn'tlikewritingbefore,butnowIamcrazyab

outit!Iwilltrymybesttocreategoodworks.”Isaidseriously.Sincethen,IhavewrittenmanygoodworksandnowIamafamouswriter.Iowemysuccesstomysocials

tudiesteacherwhoisabeaconinmylifeontheroadtowriting.